taxonID	type	description	language	source
35085F676A945D71830F360E03448E2D.taxon	description	Figs 2, 3, 10 独龙佐卡蛛	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
35085F676A945D71830F360E03448E2D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name comes from the word “ Dulong ”, the name of one of the Chinese ethnic minorities that live adjacent to the area inhabited by the new species; noun in apposition.	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
35085F676A945D71830F360E03448E2D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The new species resembles Z. puellula (Simon, 1898) (Sankaran and Sebastian 2017: 148, figs 3 A – G) in having bifurcated lateral apophysis and short-widen posterior lip of epigyne (Figs 2, 3 C – H), but can be differentiated by the ventral arm of lateral apophysis somewhat rectangular in retrolateral view (Figs 2 A, 3 C, E) (vs somewhat triangular); cylindrical heads of spermathecae (Figs 2 D, 3 H) (vs somewhat circular).	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
35085F676A945D71830F360E03448E2D.taxon	description	Description. Male holotype (Fig. 3 A) total length 2.90. Carapace 1.56 long, 1.12 wide; opisthosoma 1.39 long, 0.98 wide. Carapace yellow brown. Fovea longitudinal, radial furrow indistinct. Eye region black. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.05, PME 0.12, PLE 0.11; AME – AME 0.03, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.02, PME – PLE 0.03. Clypeus height 0.04. Chelicerae pale yellow, with 3 promarginal and 2 retromarginal teeth. Labium and endites light yellow. Sternum light yellow, shield-shaped, with sparse yellow setae. Legs light yellow. Leg measurements: I 3.57 (1.07, 1.19, 0.72, 0.59); II 3.39 (0.91, 1.13, 0.73, 0.62); III 3.49 (0.96, 1.19, 0.74, 0.60); IV 4.79 (1.25, 1.61, 1.13, 0.80). Leg formula: 4132. Opisthosoma oval. Dorsum yellow brown, with distinct scutum and sparse brown setae. Venter yellowish brown. Palp (Figs 2 A, B, 3 C – F). Subtegulum located on anterior-lateral side of the bulb. Lateral apophysis with broad base and 2 arms: dorsal one thin and long, with a hook-shaped tip; ventral arm dilated with porcatus. Embolus slender, in groove of terminal apophysis. Conductor membranous, with broad base and blunt tip. Median tegular lobe oval, membranous. Female paratype (Fig. 3 B) total length 3.03. Carapace 1.46 long, 1.05 wide; opisthosoma 1.33 long, 1.00 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.05, PME 0.12, PLE 0.08; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.05, PME – PLE 0.06. Clypeus height 0.04. Legs light yellow. Leg measurements: I 3.55 (0.99, 1.20, 0.75, 0.61); II 3.30 (0.98, 1.10, 0.70, 0.52); III 3.12 (0.92, 0.98, 0.68, 0.54); IV 4.56 (1.31, 1.52, 1.05, 0.68). Leg formula: 4123. Epigyne (Figs 2 C, D, 3 G, H). Copulatory openings located posteriorly, inconspicuous. Heads of spermathecae rod-shaped, base of the spermathecae short and strong, subspherical. Fertilization ducts crescent-shaped.	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
35085F676A945D71830F360E03448E2D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Yunnan, China (Fig. 10).	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
5E134DDCD98C59439026BA3423F30AD9.taxon	description	Figs 1 A, B, 4, 5, 10 墨脱佐卡蛛	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
5E134DDCD98C59439026BA3423F30AD9.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality: Medog County, Tibet. Adjective.	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
5E134DDCD98C59439026BA3423F30AD9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Zoica medogensis is distinguished from all other congeners by the disciform terminal apophysis (Figs 4 A, 5 C, E, G) and spirally stalk of spermathecae (Figs 4 C, D, 5 H, I).	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
5E134DDCD98C59439026BA3423F30AD9.taxon	description	Description. Male holotype (Fig. 5 A) total length 2.08. Carapace 1.11 long, 0.84 wide; opisthosoma 0.97 long, 0.69 wide. Carapace smooth, yellow brown. Fovea longitudinal, radial furrow indistinct. Eye region black. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.05, PME 0.01, PLE 0.07; AME – AME 0.01, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.02, PME – PLE 0.02. Clypeus height 0.04. Chelicerae yellow brown, with three promarginal teeth and two retromarginal teeth. Labium yellowish brown. Endites yellowish brown. Legs yellow brown. Leg measurements: I 2.57 (0.70, 0.86, 0.57, 0.44); II 2.30 (0.65, 0.79, 0.46, 0.40); III 2.09 (0.59, 0.68, 0.49, 0.33); IV 3.13 (0.88, 1.06, 0.78, 0.46). Leg formula: 4123. Opisthosoma oval. Dorsum yellow brown, with sparse brown setae. Venter yellowish brown. Palp (Figs 4 A, B, 5 C – F). Subtegulum small, located on anterior-lateral side of the bulb. Lateral apophysis robust, with coracoid-shaped end. Embolus slender and long, in groove of discoid terminal apophysis. Conductor slender, tip slightly expanded, membranous. Median tegular lobe semicircular. Female paratype (SWUC - T-LY- 29 - 02, Fig. 5 B) total length 2.39. Carapace 1.19 long, 0.90 wide; opisthosoma 1.15 long, 0.85 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.06, PME 0.11, PLE 0.08; AME – AME 0.01, AME – ALE 0.01, PME – PME 0.02, PME – PLE 0.04. Clypeus height 0.03. Leg measurements: I 3.02 (0.87, 1.06, 0.64, 0.45); II 2.62 (0.78, 0.86, 0.55, 0.43, 2.62); III 2.36 (0.67, 0.80, 0.51, 0.38); IV 3.75 (1.03, 1.31, 0.87, 0.54). Leg formula: 4123. Opisthosoma oval. Dorsum yellow brown, with black markings and muscle spots. Ventral yellowish brown. Epigyne (Figs 4 C, D, 5 H, I). Copulatory openings small. Stalks of spermathecae strongly twisted. Heads of spermathecae small, suboval. Fertilization duct crescent-shaped.	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
5E134DDCD98C59439026BA3423F30AD9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Xizang, China (Fig. 10).	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
7C20DDC27CF853BBB58F91B9459C85E2.taxon	description	Figs 1 E, F, 8, 9, 10 眼佐卡蛛	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
7C20DDC27CF853BBB58F91B9459C85E2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Zoica oculata can be distinguished from all other congeners by the large body (2.77 – 4.26), long and hook-shaped terminal apophysis, the narrow and long conductor, the long twining stalk of spermathecae (Figs 8, 9 C – H), and the block-shaped markings in opisthosoma (Fig. 1 E, F, Buchar 1997: fig. 1).	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
7C20DDC27CF853BBB58F91B9459C85E2.taxon	description	Description. Male (Fig. 9 A) total length 3.26. Carapace 1.69 long, 1.18 wide; opisthosoma 1.55 long, 1.02 wide. Carapace smooth, yellowish brown. Fovea longitudinal, radial furrows indistinct. Eye region black. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.06, PME 0.17, PLE 0.13; AME – AME 0.03, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.08, PME – PLE 0.10. Clypeus height 0.05. Chelicerae yellow brown, with three promarginal teeth and four retromarginal teeth. Labium yellowish brown, longer than wide. Endites yellowish brown, longer than wide. Sternum yellow brown, shield-shaped, with sparse yellow brown setae. Legs yellowish brown. Leg measurements: I 5.25 (1.41, 1.75, 1.28, 0.81); II 4.56 (1.25, 1.48, 1.14, 0.69); III 4.32 (1.19, 1.31, 1.15, 0.67); IV 6.39 (1.75, 2.07, 1.79, 0.78). Leg formula: 4123. Opisthosoma oval. Dorsum yellowish brown, with gray markings. Ventral yellowish brown. Palp (Figs 8 A, B, 9 C – F). Subtegulum located on medio-lateral side of the bulb. Lateral apophysis base robust, apex hook-shaped. Terminal apophysis long, with a robust base and a hook-shaped end. Embolus curved, moderately long. Conductor slender, membranous. Median tegular lobe broad, adjacent to lateral apophysis, originating from median tegular. Female (Fig. 9 B) total length 3.15. Carapace 1.47 long, 1.07 wide; opisthosoma 1.53 long, 1.13 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.13, ALE 0.15, PME 0.06, PLE 0.05; AME – AME 0.06, AME – ALE 0.09, PME – PME 0.02, PME – PLE 0.04. Clypeus height 0.04. Leg measurements: I 4.20 (1.18, 1.58, 0.91, 0.53); II 3.68 (1.08, 1.22, 0.82, 0.56); III 3.45 (0.97, 1.10, 0.87, 0.51); IV 5.10 (1.42, 1.64, 1.38, 0.66). Leg formula: 4123. Opisthosoma oval. Dorsum yellow brown, with gray markings. Epigyne (Figs 7 C, D, 8 G, H). Epigynal plate glasses-like. Copulatory openings small, arc-shaped. Stalk of spermathecae long, slender and curved. Heads of spermathecae small, suboval. Fertilization ducts hook-shaped.	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
7C20DDC27CF853BBB58F91B9459C85E2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Xizang), Bhutan (Fig. 10).	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
CC0E339802845BD4A323B1E950FA176F.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Zobia parvula Thorell, 1895	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
CC0E339802845BD4A323B1E950FA176F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Zoica can be diagnosed by the following characteristics: male opisthosoma with dorsal scutum; the gently sloping margins of the cephalic area; articulated tegular apophysis absent; lateral apophysis present; embolus thin, curved spine-like, positioned apically on the bulb and mostly covered by tegulum in ventral view; epigynum variable, often protruding scape-like posteriorly (Framenau et al. 2009).	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
CC0E339802845BD4A323B1E950FA176F.taxon	distribution	Composition and distribution. Twelve species are known from Australasia, southern China, India and Southeast Asia.	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
4FD89AACEF8A58C59EC08E46AF78182D.taxon	description	Figs 1 C, D, 6, 7, 10 泰佐卡蛛	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
4FD89AACEF8A58C59EC08E46AF78182D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after the country where the type locality is situated. Adjective.	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
4FD89AACEF8A58C59EC08E46AF78182D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The new species resembles Z. carolinensis Framenau, Berry & Beatty, 2009 (Framenau et al. 2009: 228, figs 5 – 8) in having hook-shaped lateral apophysis and a posterior lip of the epigyne (Figs 6, 7 C – I), but can be differentiated from the latter by the long lateral apophysis, almost half length of the bulb (Figs 6 A, B, 7 C – G; vs short), the posterior lip of the epigyne divided distinctly (Figs 6 C, D, 7 H, I; vs fused).	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
4FD89AACEF8A58C59EC08E46AF78182D.taxon	description	Description. Male holotype (Fig. 7 A) total length 2.26. Carapace 1.16 long, 0.87 wide; opisthosoma 1.17 long, 0.73 wide. Carapace smooth, yellow brown. Fovea longitudinal, radial furrow indistinct. Eye region black. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.04, ALE 0.05, PME 0.11, PLE 0.07; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.03, PME – PLE 0.04. Clypeus height 0.04. Chelicerae yellow brown, with three promarginal teeth and two retromarginal teeth. Labium yellowish brown, longer than wide. Endites yellowish brown, longer than wide. Sternum yellowish brown, with yellow brown setae. Legs yellow brown. Leg measurements: I 2.97 (0.86, 0.98, 0.64, 0.49); II 2.67 (0.79, 0.85, 0.57, 0.46); III 2.17 (0.64, 0.61, 0.52, 0.40); IV 3.56 (0.96, 1.14, 0.90, 0.56). Leg formula: 4123. Opisthosoma oval, with dorsal scutum. Dorsum yellow brown. Venter yellowish brown. Palp (Figs 6 A, B, 7 C – G). Subtegulum located on lateral side of the bulb. Lateral apophysis robust, F-shaped, with hook-shaped tip and medial process. Embolus slender, in groove of terminal apophysis (basally swollen, apically pointed). Conductor short, base broad, apex tapering, membranous. Median tegular lobe finger-shaped, membranous. Female paratype (SWUC - T-LY- 30 - 02, Fig. 7 B) total length 2.18. Carapace 1.13 long, 0.87 wide; opisthosoma 1.10 long, 0.83 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.04, PME 0.10, PLE 0.07; AME – AME 0.01, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.04, PME – PLE 0.04. Clypeus height 0.04. Legs yellow brown. Leg measurements: I 2.72 (0.79, 0.95, 0.55, 0.43); II 2.38 (0.74, 0.74, 0.49, 0.41); III 2.16 (0.64, 0.61, 0.52, 0.39); IV 3.35 (0.93, 1.14, 0.77, 0.51). Leg formula: 4123. Opisthosoma yellow brown dorsally. Ventral yellow brown. Epigyne (Figs 6 C, D, 7 H, I). Copulatory openings located posteriorly, inconspicuous. Heads of spermathecae spherical. Stalks of spermathecae robust, pear-shaped. Fertilization duct crescent-shaped. The posterior lip of the epigyne divided distinctly.	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
4FD89AACEF8A58C59EC08E46AF78182D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Thailand (Ratchaburi and Uthai Thani) (Fig. 10).	en	Lu, Jin-Zhen, Marusik, Yuri M., Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, Wang, Lu-Yu (2025): Four species of Zoica Simon, 1898 from Asia (Araneae, Lycosidae). ZooKeys 1249: 371-385, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152933
