taxonID	type	description	language	source
D5FC3CF09433530A86FAD95ABDDD8B9A.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
D5FC3CF09433530A86FAD95ABDDD8B9A.taxon	description	Description. Habit shrub, 1 – 2 m tall; latex white, turning pale yellow, sticky; branches decussate, horizontal or nearly horizontal; branchlets green, 4 - angular, glabrous. Bark green when young, turning dark brown when mature, smooth, usually lenticellate; inner bark pale yellow. Terminal bud concealed between the bases of the uppermost pair of petioles. Leaves decussate; lamina lanceolate-ovate, ovate or elliptic, 6 – 17 × 3 – 7.5 cm, apex acuminate or acute and rigid, base subcordate, margin thick, entire and slightly undulate (repand), coriaceous, slightly bullate or bullate, apical part of leaves conduplicate, twisted and recurved, glossy dark green above, paler below, glabrous on both surfaces, midrib shallowly grooved above, raised as a prominent ridge below, secondary veins 12 – 20 each side, curving towards the margin and connected in distinct loops and united into an intramarginal vein, flattened above, slightly raised below, conspicuous on both surfaces, intersecondary veins conspicuous, veinlets reticulate, visible on both surfaces, interrupted long wavy lines present, of differing lengths, nearly parallel to the midrib, running across the secondary veins to the apex, visible below; petiole green, 0.2 – 1 cm long, not grooved, transversely rugose, glabrous, with a basal appendage clasping the branchlet; young leaves red. Inflorescences terminal or at leafless nodes (in axils of fallen leaves), cymose. Flowers unisexual, plants dioecious, 4 - merous, fully open flowers 0.8 – 1 cm in diam.; bracteoles narrowly triangular or triangular, 2 – 10 × 1.5 – 2.5 mm, apex acute or acuminate, somewhat thick; pedicels short; sepals 4 and petals 4, decussate, pale yellow or creamish white, somewhat thick; sepals obovate or elliptic, 3 – 6 × 2.5 – 3.5 mm, concave, apex rounded; petals broadly obovate, 5.5 – 8.5 × 3.5 – 7 mm, apex rounded, apical part recurved. Flower buds: sepals pink or pink-pale yellow. Male flowers in fascicles of several simple cymes; stamens numerous, united into a single weakly 4 - lobed bundle; filaments very short; anthers 0.3 – 0.5 mm long; pistillode usually absent. Female flowers usually in a cluster of 3 flowers (a simple cyme); staminodes numerous, united into a single weakly 4 - lobed bundle, surrounding the ovary; pistil fungiform; ovary depressed globose, 1.5 – 2 × 2 – 3 mm, shallowly 4 – 6 - lobed, 4 – 6 - locular; stigma convex, hemispherical, 1.5 – 2 × 2.5 – 3.5 mm, papillate. Fruits berries, depressed globose, 0.5 – 0.7 × 1 – 2 cm, 4 – 6 - lobed, green with white dots, turning red when ripe, smooth, glabrous, glossy, with persistent sepals; persistent stigma circular, flat, radiately lobed or unlobed; fruiting stalk 2 – 4 mm. long. Seeds 4 – 6, with fleshy pulp. The description of this species is based on Ngernsaengsaruay and Suddee 2016, which includes additional information.	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
D5FC3CF09433530A86FAD95ABDDD8B9A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Central Laos and North-Eastern Thailand.	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
D5FC3CF09433530A86FAD95ABDDD8B9A.taxon	distribution	Distribution in Thailand. North-Eastern: Bueng Kan, Nakhon Phanom.	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
D5FC3CF09433530A86FAD95ABDDD8B9A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet of Garcinia nuntasaenii honours Mr Narong Nuntasaen, a staff member and a plant collector of BKF, who collected the type specimen.	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
6D5026F191765A6DB8F6C721079CB3DC.taxon	description	Fig. 6	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
6D5026F191765A6DB8F6C721079CB3DC.taxon	description	Description. Habit evergreen trees, 3 – 12 m tall, 15 – 75 cm GBH; latex white, sticky; branches decussate, horizontal or nearly horizontal; branchlets 4 - ridged, glabrous. Bark pale brown, grayish brown or blackish brown, smooth or slightly rough; inner bark pale yellow. Terminal bud concealed between the bases of the uppermost pair of petioles. Leaves decussate; lamina elliptic, oblong or elliptic-oblong, sometimes narrowly oblong, 12.5 – 27.5 × 5.5 – 11.5 cm, apex acute or obtuse, base subcordate, often subamplexicaul, margin repand and slightly revolute, coriaceous, bullate or slightly bullate, shiny dark green above, paler below, glabrous on both surfaces, midrib flattened above, raised as a prominent ridge below, secondary veins 9 – 20 each side, curving towards the margin and connected in distinct loops and united into an intramarginal vein, flattened above, raised below, conspicuous on both surfaces, intersecondary veins conspicuous, veinlets reticulate, visible on both surfaces, interrupted long wavy lines present, of differing lengths, nearly parallel to the midrib, running across the secondary veins to the apex, visible below; petiole green, 1.5 – 6 mm long, 2 – 5 mm in diam., not grooved, transversely rugose, glabrous, with a basal appendage clasping the branchlet; young leaves shiny pale green. Inflorescences terminal, sometimes on short, leafless lateral branchlets, cymose, usually in dense fascicles of several to many flowers. Flowers unisexual, plants dioecious, 5 - merous, fully open flowers with spreading petals; bracteolate; sepals 5 and petals 5, quincuncial, coriaceous, glabrous. Male flowers 2.5 – 3.5 cm in diam.; bracteoles pale green, triangular 2.3 – 4.5 × 1.8 – 3.7 mm, apex acute, conduplicate with a central keel; pedicel pinkish green, reddish green or greenish red, 3 – 6 mm long, 2.5 – 4 mm in diam., widened at the apical part, terete, glabrous; sepals pinkish green, reddish green or greenish red, concave, broadly ovate or suborbicular 4.8 – 8 × 5 – 7.8 mm, unequal, apex rounded; petals variable in color: pale yellow, yellowish pink, yellowish red, pinkish red, pink or red, broadly obovate or obovate, 0.8 – 1.4 × 0.6 – 1.1 cm, subequal, sometimes unequal, apex rounded; stamens numerous, united into 5 bundles surrounding a pistillode, antepetalous, 1.7 – 4.2 mm long, each bundle 1.2 – 4 mm wide, pale yellow, pink or red; filaments fused throughout their entire length; anthers yellow, 0.3 – 0.6 mm long; pistillode fungiform, 5.5 – 7.5 mm long; sterile stigma pale yellow, pink or red, sessile, convex, indistinctly lobed, 5 – 6 mm in diam., papillate. Female flowers 2.5 – 4 cm in diam.; bracteoles and pedicel same as in male flowers; sepals and petals same as or slightly larger than in male flowers; staminodes absent; pistil fungiform, 6 – 8.5 mm long; ovary pale green, depressed globose 4 – 6 × 4.5 – 6.5 mm, unlobed, glabrous, 5 – 8 - locular; stigma pale yellow, pink or red, sessile, convex, weakly 5 – 8 - lobed or indistinctly lobed, 5 – 7 mm in diam., papillate. Fruits berries, depressed globose or depressed subglobose, sometimes globose, 2 – 3.5 × 2 – 5.3 cm, sometimes oblique, asymmetrical, unlobed, slightly concave or flattened at the apex, green, turning greenish yellow, bright yellow, orangish yellow and bright orange when ripe, smooth, glabrous, glossy, then exocarp becoming dark brownish black and slightly sinuously wrinkled when dry, pericarp 3.5 – 8 mm thick, exocarp thin; persistent stigma dark brown or blackish brown, circular, button-like, 0.6 – 1.1 cm in diam., slightly concave or flattened, weakly 5 – 8 - lobed or indistinctly lobed, papillate; persistent sepals pale green, turning yellowish green and orangish green, larger than in flowering material; fruiting stalk green, thick, 0.4 – 1.5 cm long, 3 – 6 mm in diam., Seeds 1 – 6, often aborted, brown, broadly ellipsoid, ellipsoid or subglobose, 0.9 – 1.6 × 0.7 – 1.4 cm, with pale orange fleshy pulp. The description of this species was taken from Ngernsaengsaruay et al. 2023 b.	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
6D5026F191765A6DB8F6C721079CB3DC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from Peninsular Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia. It is widely distributed in Peninsular Malaysia (Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Malacca, Johor) (Corner 1952; Whitmore 1973; Turner 1995; Azuan and Salma 2018). It can be found mainly in Pahang, Perak, and Negeri Sembilan (Syazwani 2020).	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
6D5026F191765A6DB8F6C721079CB3DC.taxon	distribution	Distribution in Thailand. Peninsular: Yala (Than To), Narathiwat (Waeng, Su-ngai Kolok).	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
6D5026F191765A6DB8F6C721079CB3DC.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet of Garcinia prainiana refers to Sir David Prain (1857 – 1944), a British botanist, a herbarium curator of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta (1887 – 1898), and a director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (1905 – 1922) (Stafleu and Cowan 1983).	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
1FDFE9AAA70D59CBB98DD22DF551CCBE.taxon	description	Figs 1, 2, 3	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
1FDFE9AAA70D59CBB98DD22DF551CCBE.taxon	description	Description. Habit evergreen tree, 8 – 20 m tall, 50 – 180 cm GBH; latex yellow, sticky; branches decussate, horizontal or nearly horizontal; branchlets green, 4 - angular, glabrous. Bark reddish brown or brown, cracked or shallowly fissured; inner bark pale brown. Terminal bud concealed between the bases of the uppermost pair of petioles. Stipuliform structures 2, interpetiolar, caducous, triangular, 1.2 – 2.7 × 1 – 2.8 mm, apex acute. Leaves decussate; lamina elliptic, narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate-obovate, 7.5 – 18 × 3 – 7.5 cm, apex acuminate or acute, base cuneate or obtuse, margin repand, coriaceous, dark green above, paler below, glabrous on both surfaces, midrib shallowly grooved or flattened above, raised below, secondary veins 5 – 10 each side, curving towards the margin and connected in distinct loops and united into an intramarginal vein, flattened above, slightly raised below, intersecondary veins usually absent, tertiary veins scalariform, veinlets reticulate, visible below, interrupted long wavy lines (glandular wavy lines, also called exudate containing canals) present, of differing lengths, running across the secondary veins to the apex, faint; petiole green, 0.6 – 1.5 cm long, grooved above, slightly transversely rugose, glabrous, with a basal appendage clasping the branchlet. Inflorescences axillary or at leafless nodes (in axils of fallen leaves), a short thyrse of many flowers, 2 – 2.5 cm long; bracts caducous, triangular, 0.6 – 2 mm long, apex acute; peduncle 5 – 8 mm long, 4 - angular; rachis 0.8 – 2 cm long, 4 - angular. Flowers unisexual, plants dioecious, 4 - merous, fully open flowers 0.5 – 1.5 cm in diam.; bracteoles caducous, triangular, 0.8 – 1.5 mm long, apex acute; pedicels 2 – 4 mm long; sepals 4 and petals 4, decussate, glabrous; sepals pale green, not concave, triangular, 1 – 2.5 × 1 – 2.5 mm, subequal, apex obtuse; petals pale yellow or creamish white, concave, suborbicular, obovate or broadly elliptic, 3 – 5.5 × 2 – 4.5 mm, subequal, apex rounded, margin irregularly dentate. Male flowers: stamens numerous united into 4 bundles surrounding a pistillode, bundles 1.3 – 2.8 × 0.6 – 2 mm; filaments very short; anthers small; pistillode fungiform (mushroom-shaped), 2 – 3 mm long; rudimentary ovary slender, cylindrical, 0.5 – 1.5 mm long; sterile stigma pale yellow, sessile, convex, unlobed, 0.8 – 1.5 mm in diam., papillate. Female flowers: staminodes absent; pistil fungiform, 2.5 – 3 mm long; ovary ellipsoid, c. 1.5 mm long, glabrous, 1 – 2 - locular; stigma convex, unlobed, 1.5 – 2 mm in diam., smooth. Fruits berries, ellipsoid or broadly ellipsoid, 1.5 – 2.5 × 1 – 2 cm, green, smooth, glabrous, with persistent sepals; persistent stigma convex, unlobed, 2.5 – 4 mm in diam., smooth; fruiting stalks 2 – 5 mm long, glabrous. Seeds 1, ellipsoid, 1.5 – 2 × 1 – 1.2 cm, with a thin fleshy pulp.	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
1FDFE9AAA70D59CBB98DD22DF551CCBE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand (Fig. 4).	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
1FDFE9AAA70D59CBB98DD22DF551CCBE.taxon	distribution	Distribution in Thailand. Northern: Nan, Lamphun, Lampang, Phrae, Phitsanulok; North-Eastern: Phetchabun, Loei, Bueng Kan, Nakhon Phanom; Eastern: Chaiyaphum, Nakhon Ratchasima; South-Western: Kanchanaburi, Phetchaburi (Fig. 4).	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
1FDFE9AAA70D59CBB98DD22DF551CCBE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet of Garcinia thorelii honors Clovis Thorel (1833 – 1911), a French physician, botanist, and plant collector (Stafleu and Cowan 1986), who collected the type specimen of this species.	en	Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai, Chanton, Pichet (2024): A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand. PhytoKeys 248: 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
