identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
A53B87E2FFCBF661FF32FE3BFF24818E.text	A53B87E2FFCBF661FF32FE3BFF24818E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stigmella maloidica Puplesis, in Puplesis & Arutyunova 1991	<div><p>Stigmella maloidica Puplesis, 1991</p><p>(Figs 87–93)</p><p>Stigmella maloidica Puplesis, in Puplesis &amp; Arutyunova 1991: 573 .</p><p>Stigmella maloidica Puplesis, in Puplesis 1994: 60–61 .</p><p>Material examined. 11 ♂ ♀ (holotype and paratypes): Tajikistan, 30 km N of Dushanbe, Varzob Canyon, Kondara, 1200 m, mining larvae on Malus and Cotoneaster, 5.vii.1986, 6–9.xi.1989, R . Puplesis, genitalia slide nos AD 525 ♂ (holotype), AN 336♂, AN 337♂, AN 338♂, AN 339♂ (ZIN, also see Remarks) ; 4 ♂, same locality, at light, 4– 8.vii.1991, V . Sruoga (ZIN); 1 ♂, same locality, at light, 2.viii.1990, R . Puplesis (ZIN); 1 ♂, same locality, at light, 22.vi.1990, R . Puplesis &amp; Diškus (ZIN); 2 ♂ (paratypes) 45 km N of Dushanbe, Chodzha Obi Garm, 7.xi.1989, R . Puplesis (ZIN); 1 ♂, 60 km N of Dushanbe, Ziddi, 2000 m, at light, 7.viii.1990, R . Puplesis (ZIN) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Stigmella maloidica belongs to the S. lapponica group. Externally and in the male genitalia, this species is the most similar and obviously related to S. ziziphifolia sp. nov. (described below). However, S. maloidica differs from S. ziziphifolia in the short lateral lobes of the vinculum (Figs 87, 89), split caudal process of the gnathos (Figs 91, 92), and absence of large, spine-like cornuti in the male genitalia (Fig. 93). This species also differs from S. ziziphifolia and all other species of the group in its biology. Larvae of S. maloidica feed on Cotoneaster Medik. and Malus Mill. (Rosaceae) ( S. ziziphifolia feeds on Ziziphus Mill., Rhamnaceae), produce gradually widening, usually contorted leaf mines with an interrupted frass line ( S. ziziphifolia produces slender leaf mines with an uninterrupted frass line). Additionally, S. maloidica occurs in temperate, semi-arid temperate areas in Central Asia, and S. ziziphifolia occurs in the subtropical, humid habitats of the Himalaya.</p><p>Description. Forewing length 2.3–2.6 mm; wingspan 5.1–5.7 mm. Described in Puplesis &amp; Arutyunova, 1991: 573 (in Russian) and redescribed in Puplesis 1994: 60–61 (in English).</p><p>Bionomics. Host plants are Cotoneaster hissaricus Pojark., C. insignis Pojark., Malus domestica Borkh., and M. sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem. (Rosaceae) . Larvae mine leaves from July to November. Leaf mine is a long, con-torted or sinuous, gradually widening gallery with an interrupted central line of black frass (illustrated by Puplesis 1994: fig. 782). Cocoon yellowish orange to pale brown. Adults fly in late June–July and possibly over a much longer period.</p><p>Distribution. Known from Varzob Canyon in the Hissor Range, Tajikistan, at the elevation of 1200–2000 m (Fig. 1: Hr).</p><p>Remarks. We provide the first photographic documentation of the male genitalia of the species (Figs 87–93). The holotype and 12 paratypes, earlier deposited at LEU (=VPU) will be transferred to ZIN (see Material &amp; Meth-ods).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFCBF661FF32FE3BFF24818E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFCBF662FF32F91AFC7E83C4.text	A53B87E2FFCBF662FF32F91AFC7E83C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stigmella ziziphifolia Rociene & Stonis 2020	<div><p>Stigmella ziziphifolia Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 7, 8, 33, 34, 94–102)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5D6AD8F5-D9A8-45DF-9972-028312298598</p><p>Type material. 3 ♂ (holotype &amp; paratypes): India, Uttarakhand, Dehradun Distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.25139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.421389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.25139/lat 30.421389)">Dhanaulti</a>, 30°25’17”N, 78°15’05’’E, 16.viii.2010, A. Šimkevičiūtė, genitalia slide nos AD130 (holotype), AG131, AG132 (ZIN) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Stigmella ziziphifolia sp. nov. belongs to the Stigmella lapponica group. Externally, and in the male genitalia, this new species is the most similar and obviously related to S. maloidica (see above). However, S. ziziphi-folia sp. nov. differs from S maloidica in the long, slender lateral lobes of the vinculum (Fig. 100), unsplit, usually slender, caudal process of the gnathos (Figs 94, 96), and the presence of some large, spine-like cornuti in the male genitalia (Figs 99, 102). This species also differs from S. maloidica and all other species of the group in its biology: larvae of S. ziziphifolia feed on Ziziphus Mill., Rhamnaceae ( S. maloidica feeds on Cotoneaster Medik. and Malus Mill., Rosaceae), produce slender leaf mines with an uninterrupted frass line ( S. maloidica produces gradually widening, often contorted leaf mines with an interrupted frass line). Additionally, S. ziziphifolia occurs in the humid subtropical habitats of the Himalaya, and S. maloidica occurs in temperate, semi-arid areas in Central Asia.</p><p>Male (Figs 33, 34). Known from three adults in pupal skin. Forewing length about 1.5–1.7 mm; wingspan 3.3–3.7 mm (n = 3).</p><p>Head. Palpi golden cream; frontal tuft ochreous orange; collar and scape golden cream; flagellum grey.</p><p>Thorax. Tegula, thorax and forewing covered with grey-black scales with some purple iridescence; fascia of forewing cream, median, sometimes interrupted in the middle; fringe dark grey; forewing underside black. Hindwing and fringe dark grey with some green and purple iridescence. Legs glossy golden cream with dark grey scales on upper side.</p><p>Abdomen. Colour of scaling unknown. Genitalia (Figs 94–102) with capsule 275 µm long, 150 µm wide. Vin-culum with long and slender lateral lobes (Fig. 100). Uncus with two small triangular lobes (Figs 94, 96). Gnathos with one long, distinctly slender, apically pointed caudal process (Figs 94, 96); occasionally caudal process can be split. Valva (Figs 98, 101) about 155 µm long, with a slender and curved apical process; inner lobe of valva heavily papillated. Transtilla (Fig. 95) with short, triangular corners, without sublateral processes. Phallus (Figs 99, 102) about 185 µm long; vesica with numerous tiny cornuti and some large, spine-like cornuti (Fig. 99).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Bionomics (Figs 7, 8). Host plant is Zizyphus Mill., Rhamnaceae (Fig. 7). Larvae mine in leaves in August. Leaf mine is a long, slender gallery with an interrupted central line of black frass. Cocoon ochre-beige, 2.5–2.8 mm long, 1.5 mm wide. Adults fly in late August and possibly over a much longer period.</p><p>Distribution. Known only from a single locality in the western Himalaya (Uttarakhand: Dhanaulti), at the elevation of ca. 2200 m (Fig. 1: wHi)</p><p>Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin name of the host plant Ziziphus in combination with Latin folium (a leaf), in reference to the feeding habit of the new species. Acording to E. J. van Nieukerken (pers. comm.), “there are many names ending in -foliae, but linguistically it is wrong. The Latin folium is neuter and has no form ending in ae ”. Therefore we chose ziziphifolia, a noun in apposition.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFCBF662FF32F91AFC7E83C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFC8F663FF32FAD3FD0E86D0.text	A53B87E2FFC8F663FF32FAD3FD0E86D0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stigmella damocles Stonis & Remeikis & Diškus & Navickaitė 2020	<div><p>Stigmella damocles Remeikis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 35–37, 103–108)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2167AC23-7E27-4750-BB6B-9770F4EA76DB</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, Turkmenistan, western Kopet Dag range, 40 km E Garrygala (Kara Kala), 21.v.1993, R. Puplesis and A. Diškus, genitalia slide no. AN459 (ZIN).</p><p>Diagnosis. Belongs to the Stigmella sanguisorbae group. Externally, this new species can be confused with many other, similarly speckled nepticulid species with an ill-defined fascia of the forewing. In the male genitalia, the combination of long, slender lobes of the vinculum (Fig. 108) and absence of cornuti in the phallus distinguishes S. damocles sp. nov. from all known species of the S. sanguisorbae group.</p><p>Male (Figs 35–37). Forewing length 2.3 mm; wingspan 5.1 mm (n = 1).</p><p>Head. Frons, palpi and pecten grey cream; frontal tuft brown-grey, collar and scape white cream; flagellum cream.</p><p>Thorax. Tegula and thorax covered with dark brown scales. Forewing greyish cream, irregularly speckled with brown, ochre-glossy scales; fascia wide, ill-defined, greyish cream; fringe cream; forewing underside grey cream, without spots or androconia. Hindwing and fringe grey cream on upper side and underside, without androconia. Legs greyish cream.</p><p>Abdomen. Colour of scaling unknown. Genitalia (Figs 103–108) with capsule 240 µm long, 130 µm wide. Vin-culum with very long and slender lateral lobes (Figs 103, 108). Uncus with small triangular lobes (Fig. 103). Gna-thos with two slender, apically pointed caudal processes (Figs 107, 108). Valva (Fig. 105) about 130 µm long, with a slender apical process; inner lobe of valva rounded and ribbed (Fig. 105). Transtilla with short, triangular, distally pointed sublateral processes (Figs 103, 108). Phallus (Figs 104, 106) about 175 µm long, vesica without cornuti.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults occur in late May. Otherwise, biology is unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Known from a single locality in the western Kopet Dag Range, Turkmenistan, Garrygala, at the elevation of about 800 m (Fig. 1: Ko).</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after Damocles, a character in the story “The Sword of Damocles”, in reference to the unusually long and pointed, sword-like lateral lobes of vinculum, also distinctly pointed and slender processes of valva and gnathos in the male genitalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFC8F663FF32FAD3FD0E86D0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFC9F663FF32FDE7FD938278.text	A53B87E2FFC9F663FF32FDE7FD938278.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stigmella pyramidata Diskus & Navickaite 2020	<div><p>Stigmella pyramidata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 5, 11–13, 109–112)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 673A3FBA-3438-4EA7-9DB6-A29D9E17B680</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, India, Uttarakhand, Dehradun Distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.02862&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.459167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.02862/lat 30.459167)">Mussoorie</a>, 30°27’33”N, 78°01’43”E, elevation ca. 1980 m, larva on Ototropis sp., 16.viii.2010, A. Diškus and A. Navickaitė, genitalia slide no. AD494 (ZIN).</p><p>Diagnosis. In the male genitalia, the unique, pyramid-like gnathos (Figs 111, 112) and unique phallus with a large, lobe-like cornutus and a compact cluster of contorted cornuti (Fig. 109) distinguish S. pyramidata sp. nov. from all known Stigmella species.</p><p>Male. Known from adult in pupal exuvia; only genitalia are preserved and desribed.</p><p>Genitalia (Figs 109–112) with capsule 230 µm long, 155 µm wide. Vinculum with large lateral lobes (Fig. 109). Uncus large, undivided, distally rounded or truncated (Fig. 111). Gnathos pyramid-shaped (Figs 109, 112), with two caudal processes and transverse bar (Fig. 111). Valva (Fig. 110) 120 µm long, contricted in apical half. Transtilla with wide, triangular sublateral processes (Fig. 112). Phallus (Figs 109, 112) 150–170 µm long, pointed apically, with a large, lobe-like carina (Figs 109, 110); vesica with a compact cluster of large cornuti (Figs 109, 112).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Bionomics (Figs 5, 11–13). Host plant is Ototropis Nees, Fabaceae (Fig. 5). Larvae mine in leaves in August and, judging from observed old (empty) leaf mines, in July. Larva pale green, with a bright green intestine and pale brown head (Fig. 13). The mine is a sinuous gallery, with a thin line of black frass (Figs 11, 12). Cocoon yellowish beige, oval-shaped, 2.0 mm long, 1.0 mm wide. Adults occur in August.</p><p>Distribution. Known from a single locality in the western Himalaya (Uttarakhand: Mussoorie), at the elevation of about 2000 m (Fig. 1: wHi).</p><p>Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin pyramidatus (pyramid-like), in reference to the unique, pyramid-like gnathos in the male genitalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFC9F663FF32FDE7FD938278	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFC9F66CFF32FA0FFA97843B.text	A53B87E2FFC9F66CFF32FA0FFA97843B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stigmella alilediella Diskus & Navickaite 2020	<div><p>Stigmella alilediella Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 9, 10, 29, 30, 113–121)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C440BE35-9934-44AC-86EF-A0B71855EA16</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, India, Uttarakhand, Dehradun Distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.02945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.458612" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.02945/lat 30.458612)">Mussoorie</a>, 30°27’31”N, 78°01’46”E, elevation ca. 1980 m, 16.viii.2010, A. Diškus &amp; A. Navickaitė, genitalia slide no. AD488 (ZIN).</p><p>Diagnosis. Belongs to the Stigmella aurella group. Externally and in the male genitalia, this new species is the most similar and obviously related to S. lediella (Schleich, 1867) . However, S. alilediella sp. nov. differs from S. lediella in the presence of three clusters of large cornuti (Figs 117, 118), also in the wider plate of the gnathos (Figs 114, 115).</p><p>Male (Figs 29, 30). Forewing length 1.8 mm; wingspan 4.0 mm (n = 1).</p><p>Head. Palpi ochre cream; frontal tuft ochreous orange; collar dark brown, golden glossy, with distinctive purple iridescence; scape golden shiny yellowish cream; antenna slightly shorter than one half the length of forewing; flagellum dark brown, golden glossy, with some purple iridescence on upper side, yellowish brown on underside.</p><p>Thorax. Tegula and thorax dark brown, golden glossy, with purple iridescence. Forewing dark brown, golden glossy, with strong purple iridescence in basal third; medially and apically blackish brown with some golden gloss and little purple iridescence; median fascia wide, especially on tornal margin, silvery shiny, with some purple iri-descence; apical fascia short, silvery shiny, with some purple iridescence; fringe black-brown; fringe line black, inconspicuous; forewing underside black-brown, without spots or androconia. Hindwing without androconia, dark brown with some golden gloss on upper side, black brown on underside; fringe dark brown. Legs brown-black on upper side and golden cream on underside.</p><p>Genitalia (Figs 113–121) with capsule 230 µm long, 170 µm wide. Uncus triangular, distally bifid (Fig. 114). Gnathos with a wide transverse plate and two stout caudal processes (Fig. 115). Valva (Figs 114, 121) about 150 µm long, with a bulged inner lobe and long, slender apical process. Vinculum with a wide but shallow excavation an-teriorly (Fig. 121). Phallus about 240 µm long, bent medially (Fig. 117), without carinae; vesica with three clusters of large cornuti (Figs 116, 118–120).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Bionomics (Figs 9, 10). Host plant is unknown (unidentified). Larva is pale green, with a brownish green in-testine and brown head (Fig. 10). Larvae mine in leaves in August. The leaf mine starts as a slender gallery almost fully filled with blackish brown frass; further on the gallery widens, with a wide line of dark brown frass (Fig. 9). Adults fly in late August.</p><p>Distribution. Known from a single locality in the western Himalaya (Uttarakhand: Mussoorie), at the elevation of about 2000 m (Fig. 1: wHi).</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after closely similar species, S. lediella, with a Latin prefex ali (another).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFC9F66CFF32FA0FFA97843B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFC6F675FF32FC4FFD8B87D4.text	A53B87E2FFC6F675FF32FC4FFD8B87D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stigmella longa Remeikis & Stonis 2020	<div><p>Stigmella longa Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 2, 3, 16, 17, 31, 32, 122–129)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5F63E3B8-7385-43A5-B1BE-B9AF82D830C5</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, India, Uttarakhand, Dehradun Distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.3125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.131111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.3125/lat 30.131111)">Rishikesh</a>, 30°07’52”N, 78°18’45”E, elevation ca. 700 m, mining larva on Ototropis elegans, 9.viii.2010, A. Remeikis and J. R. Stonis, genitalia slide no. RA264 (ZIN).</p><p>Diagnosis. This new species is left unattributed to a species group, however it shows some similarity to the Stigmella betulicola group. Externally, S. longa sp. nov. can be confused with many other dark-speckled Stigmella species. In the male genitalia, the combination of long caudal processes of the uncus, unique, U- shaped gnathos (Fig. 123), and phallus with two very long cornuti and wringled, thickened vesica (Figs 127–129) distinguishes S. longa from all known congeneric species.</p><p>Male (Figs 31, 32). Forewing length 1.7 mm; wingspan 3.8 mm (n = 1).</p><p>Head. Palpi cream; frontal tuft pale ochreous orange; collar rubbed in the holotype; scape yellowish cream; antenna slightly shorter than one half the length of forewing; flagellum with 24–25 segments, brown-grey, distally pale brown.</p><p>Thorax. Tegula, thorax and forewing with some purple iridescence, brownish grey, densely irrorated with dark, black-brown scales; fringe dark grey-brown. Hindwing dark grey. Legs yellowish cream, golden glossy, with some purple iridescence and grey-brown scales on upper side.</p><p>Genitalia (Figs 122–129) with capsule about 305 µm long, 175 µm wide. Uncus (Fig. 123) with long caudal processes laterally. Valva (Figs 123–126) about 200 µm long; transtilla without sublateral processes (Fig. 122). Juxta large, plate-like, basally contricted (Figs 123, 125, 126). Vinculum large, without lateral lobes (Fig. 12). Phallus (Figs 124, 127–129) about 215 µm long, with two very long cornuti: a stout, horn-like cornutus and a slender, spine-like cornutus; vesica wringled, thickened.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Bionomics (Figs 2, 3, 16, 17). Host plant is Ototropis elegans (DC.) H. Ohashi &amp; K. Ohashi (= Desmodium elegans DC.), Fabaceae (Figs 2, 3). Larvae mine in leaves in August. The leaf mine is a slender, sinuous gallery; in the beginning it is fully filled with dark green frass; further on frass is greenish black to black; in the last quarter, frass with unfilled margins of the gallery (Fig. 17). Adults fly in late August.</p><p>Distribution. Known from a single locality in the western Himalaya, Uttarakhand, Rishikesh, at the elevation of about 700 m (Fig. 1: wHi).</p><p>Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin longus (long), in reference to the long cornuti and processes of the uncus in the male genitalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFC6F675FF32FC4FFD8B87D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFDFF675FF32FEE3FC6D829C.text	A53B87E2FFDFF675FF32FEE3FC6D829C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stigmella latilobata Diskus & Navickaite 2020	<div><p>Stigmella latilobata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 14, 38, 130–132)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A46A65DB-9FD5-4DDB-8549-B27679C6DD8F</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, India, Uttarakhand, Tehri Garhwal Distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.29&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.407778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.29/lat 30.407778)">Chamba</a>, 30°24’28”N, 78°17’24”E, eleva-tion ca. 2600 m, 23.viii.2010, A. Diškus and A. Navickaitė, genitalia slide no. AD484 (ZIN).</p><p>Diagnosis. S. latilobata sp. nov. belongs to the Stigmella ruficapitella (sensu lato) or S. hemargyrella (sensu stricto) group. In the male genitalia, this new species differs from other representatives of the group in the combina-tion of a long vinculum (Fig. 130) and a unique set of cornuti (Fig. 132).</p><p>Male (Fig. 38). Forewing length 2.0 mm; wingspan 4.5 mm (n = 1).</p><p>Head. Palpi yellowish cream; frontal tuft bright ochreous orange; collar yellowish cream; scape glossy, yellowish cream; antenna one half the length of forewing; flagellum blackish brown with some purple iridescence on upper side and underside.</p><p>Thorax. Tegula, thorax and forewing dark coppery brown, with some golden gloss and purple iridescence; fascia postmedian, wide, golden shiny; fringe brown; forewing underside dark brown, without spots or androconia. Hindwing brown on upper side and underside, without androconia; fringe brown. Legs glossy, yellowish cream, covered with dark grey-brown scales with purple iridescence on upper side.</p><p>Genitalia (Figs 130–132) with capsule 170 µm long, 105 µm wide. Uncus with two well-separated lateral lobes (Figs 130, 131). Gnathos U-shaped, with weakly chitinized caudal processes (Fig. 131). Valva (Fig. 130) about 80 µm long, with a straight inner lobe and slender apical process. Transtilla with large, distally splitted sublateral pro-cesses (Fig. 131). Vinculum very large, one half the length of capsule or little longer, with very shallow excavation anteriorly (Fig. 130). Phallus (Fig. 132) about 125 µm long, without carinae; vesica with a large, basally curved cluster of spine-like cornuti and a group of three–four very large cornuti apically.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Bionomics (Fig. 14). Host plant is unknown (unidentified). Larva is pale green, with a green intestine and pale brown head (Fig. 14). Larvae mine in leaves in August. The leaf mine is a slender sinuous or contorted gallery; in the initial part, black to brown-black frass fills the width of the gallery; further on, brown-black to brown frass is deposited in a wide central line (Fig. 14). Adults fly in late August.</p><p>Distribution. Known from two localities in the western Himalaya (Uttarakhand: Chamba and Mussoorie), at the elevation of about 2500–2600 m (Fig. 1: wHi).</p><p>Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin latus (wide) combined with Latin lobatus (lobed), in reference to the large ventral lobe of the vinculum in the male genitalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFDFF675FF32FEE3FC6D829C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFDFF676FF32FA2BFD8B8518.text	A53B87E2FFDFF676FF32FA2BFD8B8518.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stigmella paniculata Diskus & Navickaite 2020	<div><p>Stigmella paniculata Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 15, 133–136)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4ACFA17B-D8BB-4902-A3EC-9B846230B904</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, India, Uttarakhand, Tehri Garhwal Distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.39972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.344168" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.39972/lat 30.344168)">Chamba</a>, 30°20’39”N, 78°23’59”E, 24.viii.2010, A. Diškus and A. Navickaitė, genitalia slide no. AD496 (ZIN).</p><p>Diagnosis. S. paniculata sp. nov. belongs to the Stigmella ruficapitella group. In the male genitalia, this new species differs from other representatives of the group in the presence of a basal set of very long, transverse cornuti (Fig. 135) and apically rounded valva without a conspicuous apical process (Fig. 136).</p><p>Male. Known from adult in pupal skin; only genitalia are preserved and desribed.</p><p>Genitalia (Figs 133–136) with capsule 180 µm long, 140 µm wide. Uncus with two very short, well-separated lateral lobes (Figs 133, 134). Gnathos U-shaped (Fig. 133). Valva (Fig. 136) about 130 µm long, with a slightly concave and heavily papillated inner lobe and rounded apex without pronounced apical process. Transtilla with long and slender sublateral processes. Vinculum with a short ventral plate and short triangular lateral lobes (Fig. 133). Phallus (Figs 133, 135) about 180 µm long, without carinae; vesica with a set of four very long, transverse cornuti basally (Fig. 135).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Bionomics (Fig. 15). Host plant is unknown (unidentified). Larva is green, with a dark green intestine and pale, yellowish brown head (Fig. 15). Larvae mine in leaves in late August and possibly in September. The leaf mine is a slender, contorted gallery; in the initial part, brown-black frass fills the width of the gallery; further on, black frass is deposited in a slender central line (Fig. 15). Adults fly in September.</p><p>Distribution. Known from a single locality in the western Himalaya (Uttarakhand: Chamba), at the elevation of about 2600 m (Fig. 1: wHi).</p><p>Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin panicula (a cluster), in reference to the set of four very long and slender cornuti in the male genitalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFDFF676FF32FA2BFD8B8518	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFDCF677FF32FDAFFE46845C.text	A53B87E2FFDCF677FF32FDAFFE46845C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ectoedemia orbiculata Diskus, Remeikis & Stonis 2020	<div><p>Ectoedemia orbiculata Diškus, Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 6, 26–28, 39–52, 137–157)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ADB5203C-E64D-4AA8-81D8-44BCDA1F1457</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, India, Uttarakhand, Dehradun Distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.07139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.462778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.07139/lat 30.462778)">Mussoorie</a>, 30°27’46”N, 78°04’17”E, eleva-tion ca. 2000 m, feeding larva on Spiraea canescens, 11.viii.2010, A. Diškus &amp; A. Navickaitė, genitalia slide no. AD 489♂ (ZIN) . Paratypes: 2 ♂, 5 ♀, same label data as holotype, genitalia slide nos AD 498♂, AD 487♀ (ZIN); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same label data as holotype, 10–13.viii.2010, A. Remeikis &amp; J. R. Stonis, genitalia slide nos RA 271♂, RA 270♀, RA 272♀ (ZIN); 1 ♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.3175&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.127777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.3175/lat 30.127777)">Rishikesh</a>, 30°07’40”N, 78°19’03”E, elevation ca. 450 m, at light, 07.viii.2010, A. Šimkevičiūtė, genitalia slide no. AG 129♂ (ZIN) .</p><p>Diagnosis. This new species belongs to the Ectoedemia angulifasciella species group. Ectoedemia orbiculata sp. nov. is the most similar to, and probably closely related to, the European E. spiraeae Gregor and Povolný and Siberian E. jacutica Puplesis. Currently E. orbiculata was COI barcoded by us.</p><p>Externally, the speckled forewing with a tornal spot distinguishes males of E. orbiculata from all species of the E. angulifasciella group, possessing a distinctive forewing fascia. However, the fasciated females of E. orbiculata can be confused with other species of the group. From the related E. spiraeae, the males of new species differ in tufts of the wings: forewing underside of E. orbiculata is characterized by the presence of specials scales along the costal margin (Fig. 46), absence of a tuft ( E. spiraeae is with a white tuft of piliform scales), and hindwing upper side with a brown hair pencil (Fig. 51) (yellowish white in E. spiraeae).</p><p>From the similar E. jacutica, the males of new species differ in forewing underside which is characterized by the presence of special scales along the costal margin (Fig. 46), absence of a tuft ( E. jacutica with an ochre-brown tuft of piliform scales, Fig. 54), and hindwing upper side of E. orbiculata with a brown hair pencil (Fig. 52) (ochrebrown, indistinctive in E. jacutica, Fig. 57).</p><p>In the genitalia, the large apical process of the valva, and apically very slender pseuduncus in the male genitalia, distally bent anterior apophyses, oval signa, tube-like vesicle, very large terminal part (forming up to one half of the female genitalia length) distinguish E. orbiculata from E. spiraeae; from E. jacutica, the new species differs in the absence of a proximal excavation of vinculum (Fig. 158), smaller apical process of valva and the presence of basal joint between valvae (Fig. 137).</p><p>The round blotch-like part of the leaf mine of E. orbiculata is also distinctive and specific (Fig. 27).</p><p>Male (Figs 43–52). Forewing length 2.1–2.3 mm; wingspan 4.6–5.1 mm (n = 5).</p><p>Head. Frons and palpi cream, frontal tuft orange ochre; collar cream, comprised of short piliform scales; antenna as half the length of forewing; flagellum grey-brown.</p><p>Thorax. Tegula, thorax and forewing densely speckled with brown-black scales; forewing with an indistinctive, greyish cream tornal spot; fringe cream, with a fringe line; forewing underside dark grey, with special scales along costal margin (Figs 46–48). Hindwing grey, with brown hair pencil on upper side; fringe grey. Legs ochre cream, with dark grey to black scales on upper side.</p><p>Abdomen. Brown to grey-brown, with some purple iridescence on upper side, greyish cream to grey-brown on underside; genital plates cream; anal tufts brown, inconspicuous.</p><p>Genitalia (Figs 137–157) with capsule about 250–275 µm long, 200–205 µm wide. Pseuduncus (Figs 138, 139, 145) slender distally. Valva (Figs 137, 139, 142, 144, 148) 160–170 µm long, with a large apical process, basally with a joint (Figs 137, 140–142). Juxta (Figs 140–142) membranous and inconspicuous. Vinculum with moderately long (Figs139, 143, 144) or small lateral lobes (Figs 137, 142, 148) (note that length of the lobes depends on genitalia prepararation and in older genitalia mounts the lateral lobes of vinculum usually look shorter). Phallus (Figs 149–152) 240–250 µm long, with numerous, tiny spine-like cornuti (Fig. 147), but without lateral carinae.</p><p>Female (Figs 39–41). Forewing length 2.2–2.4 mm; wingspan 4.7–5.4 mm (n = 5). Similar to male, but fore-wing with a distinctive, yellowish cream fascia. Genitalia (Figs 153–157) 550–665 µm long. Abdominal apex trun-cated, with short setae; Anterior and posterior apophyses equal in length; anterior apophyses bent inwardly (Figs 153, 154). Corpus bursae with two large, oval-shaped signa (Figs 153, 154, 157); one signum is slightly shorter (Fig. 157). Ductus spermathaecae with 3.5–4 coils and a tube-like vesicle (Fig. 156).</p><p>Bionomics (Figs 6, 26–28, 42). Host plant is Spiraea canescens D. Don. (Rosaceae), a plant native in northern Pakistan to the Himalaya. Larvae mine in leaves in August. Larva pale green, with dark green intestine and brown head (Fig. 28). The leaf mine starts as a slender gallery filled with brown-black or black frass (Fig. 26); distally the leaf mines expand to a round blotch (Fig. 27), with frass scattered irregularly. Cocoon ochre-brown to reddish brown, 2.0– 2.2 mm long, 1.2–1.5 mm wide (Fig. 42). Adults fly in September.</p><p>Distribution. Known from a few localities in the western Himalaya, Uttarakhand, at the elevation of about 450–2000 m (Fig. 1: wHi), but the host plant has a much wider distribution.</p><p>Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin orbiculatus (round, globosus), in reference to the round leaf mine of this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFDCF677FF32FDAFFE46845C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFDDF670FF32FC6BFCDD861C.text	A53B87E2FFDDF670FF32FC6BFCDD861C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ectoedemia jacutica Puplesis. Currently 1988	<div><p>Ectoedemia jacutica Puplesis, 1988</p><p>(Figs 53–57, 158)</p><p>Ectoedemia jacutica Puplesis 1988: 26 .</p><p>Ectoedemia jacutica Puplesis, in Stonis et al. 2015: 116–122; Yagi et al. 2019: 226, 227.</p><p>Material examined. 2 ♂ (holotype and paratype): Russia, Eastern Siberia, Sakha Republic (former Yacutiya), Yakustk, 05.vii.1986, A. Rastorguev, genitalia slide nos AN540 (holotype, in poor condition), AN539 (paratype) (ZIN) ; 1 ♂ [examination based on the genitalia photographs only], Russia, western Altay, Katun valley, Mikkola et al., genitalia slide no. 15041 JCK (courtesy of E. J. van Nieukerken, Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands) .</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the Ectoedemia angulifasciella species group. Ectoedemia jacutica is the most similar and probably closely related to the European E. spiraeae Gregor and Povolný and Himalayan E. orbiculata sp. nov. (see described above).</p><p>From the related E. spiraeae and E. orbiculata, the males of E. jacutica differ in the tufts of the wings: Ectoedemia jacutica is characterized by the presence of a brown, weakly-developed tuft on forewing underside (Fig. 54) (white in E. spiraeae, absent in E. orbiculata), inconspicuous costal bristles and hair pencil on upper side of male hindwing ( E. spiraeae possesses a yellowish white tuft, E. orbiculata has a brown tuft). The specimens of the type series also were characterized as having glossy, greyish white fascia (in E. spiraeae fascia is non-glossy, cream, in E. orbiculata, fascia is replaced with cream, non-glossy, dorsal spot).</p><p>In the male genitalia, the combination of a proximal excavation of the vinculum (Fig. 158), bulged inner margin of the valva (Fig. 158), with a relatively small apical process (Fig. 158), short sublateral processes of the transtilla, and a caudally slender pseuduncus distinguishes E. jacutica from E. spiraeae and E. orbiculata .</p><p>Possibly, the boreal distribution of E. jacutica also may distinguish the latter from the Himalayan E. orbiculata, which occurs in a humid, subtropical habitat.</p><p>Remarks. Forewing length 2.5 mm; wingspan 5.5 mm (n = 2) (Fig. 53). Male genitalia with a distinctive proximal excavation of vinculum (Fig. 158), relatively small apical process and bulged inner margin of valva. For a description see Puplesis 1988 (in Russian) or Stonis et al. 2015 (in English).</p><p>Bionomics. Host plant is unknown because it is still unclear if specimens from Japan and China, associated with Aruncus dioicus (Walter), Spiraea salicifolia L., S. chamedryfolia L., and S. japonica L., Rosaceae (Yagi et al. 2019), are E. jacutica or a different species.</p><p>Distribution. Originally this species was known from a single locality in eastern Siberia, Yakutsk (Fig. 1: Ya). Additionally, the specimen collected in the western Altay (see Material examined, Fig. 1: Al) also belongs to E. jacutica (see illustrated in Stonis et al. 2015: fig. 12). The recent discovery of E. jacutica in Japan and China (Yagi et al. 2019) may be correct, however, it needs confirmation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFDDF670FF32FC6BFCDD861C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFDAF670FF32FEABFAA183DE.text	A53B87E2FFDAF670FF32FEABFAA183DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ectoedemia insignata Puplesis 1988	<div><p>Ectoedemia insignata Puplesis, 1988</p><p>(Figs 58–64, 159–173)</p><p>Ectoedemia insignata Puplesis, 1988: 281–282 .</p><p>Ectoedemia insignata Puplesis, in Puplesis 1994: 201, figs 649–651.</p><p>Material examined. 6 ♂, 3 ♀ (holotype and paratypes): Tajikistan, 30 km N Dushanbe, Varzob Canyon, Kondara, elevation ca. 1200 m, 27.vi–21.viii.1986, R . Puplesis, genitalia slide nos AD574 (holotype), AN 419♂, AN 420♂, AN421#, AN422#, AN423# (ZIN, also see Remarks) . 3 ♂, 1♀: Tajikistan, same locality, 13.vi–19.vii.1991, R . Puplesis and A. Diškus, genitalia slide nos AN 464♂, AN 467♂ (ZIN) .</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the Ectoedemia angulifasciella species group. Externally, E. insignata differs from species of the group in the white tegula and white basal spot of the forewing (Figs 58–60). The combination of brown hair pencil surrounded by ochre androconial scales of upper side of male hindwing (Figs 63, 64) and presence of few transverse bristles on the underside of male forewing (Figs 61, 62) also distinguishes E. insignata from other representatives of the group.</p><p>In the male genitalia, the combination of wide, plate-like caudal process of gnathos (Figs 159, 168), presence of large apical spines of phallus (Fig. 170), and absence of lateral lobes of the vinculum (Figs 161, 162, 172) distin-guishes E. insignata from other species of the E. angulifasciella group.</p><p>Remarks. Forewing length 2.2–2.5 mm; wingspan 4.6–5.3 mm (n = 6). For a description see Puplesis 1994: 201.</p><p>Bionomics. Host plant is unknown. Adults fly in June–August, and October. Otherwise, biology is unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Known from a single locality in Hissor Range, Tajikistan (Varzob Canyon: Kondara) at elevation of about 1200 m (Fig. 1: Hr).</p><p>Remarks. We provide the first photographic documentation of the male genitalia (Figs 159–173). The holotype and eight paratypes, earlier deposited at LEU (=VPU) will be transferred to ZIN (see Material &amp; Methods).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFDAF670FF32FEABFAA183DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFDAF671FF32FAEAFB28835B.text	A53B87E2FFDAF671FF32FAEAFB28835B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ectoedemia spinosella (de Joannis 1908)	<div><p>Ectoedemia spinosella (de Joannis, 1908)</p><p>(Figs 65–72, 174–184)</p><p>Nepticula spinosella de Joannis, 1908: 328 .</p><p>Ectoedemia spinosella (de Joannis), in van Nieukerken 1986: 75, 76; Johansson et al. 1990: 317, 318; A. Laštůvka &amp; Z. Laštůvka 1997: 209; Puplesis &amp; Diškus, 2003: 186, 187.</p><p>Ectoedemia petrosa Puplesis, 1988: 282 (syn. nov.).</p><p>Ectoedemia petrosa Puplesis, in Puplesis 1994: 199, 200 (syn. nov.).</p><p>Material examined. 6 ♂, 11 ♀ (holotype and paratypes of Ectoedemia albiformae): Turkmenistan, western Kopet Dag Range, 40 km E Garrygala (= Kara Kala), 800m, 30.v.–27.vi.1993, R . Puplesis &amp; A. Diškus, genitalia slide nos AD0422 ♂ (holotype), AD0420 ♂, AD0423 ♀, AD0425 ♂ (ZIN); 2 ♂ (paratypes of E. albiformae), same locality, 28.v.1988, R . Puplesis, genitalia slide nos AD0421, AD0426 (ZIN); 9 ♂, 12 ♀, same locality as holotype of E. albiformae, 13.vi–14.vii.1993, R . Puplesis and A. Diškus, genitalia slide nos AN 414♂, AN 415♂, AN 535♀ (ZIN); 24 ♂, 2 ♀ (holotype and paratypes of Ectoedemia petrosa), Tajikistan, 30 km N Dushanbe, Varzob Canyon, Kondara, 1200m, 28.vi.–21.viii.1986, R . Puplesis, genitalia slide nos AN 428♂, AN 429♂, AN 430♂, AN 431♂, AN 432♂, AN 433♂, AN 434♂, AN 435♂, AN 436♂, AN 437♂, AN 438♂, AN 439♂, AN 440♂, AN 441♂, AN 458♂ (holotype of E. petrosa) (ZIN) ; 21 ♂ (not type series, identified as E. petrosa by A. Navickaitė), same locality as holotype, 3–20.viii.1986, 18.viii.1989, 5.vii.–15.viii.1990, R . Puplesis (ZIN); 1 ♂, same locality as holotype, 02.vii.1991, R . Puplesis and A. Diškus (ZIN) .</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the Ectoedemia angulifasciella species group. Externally, the combination of a brown to grey cream hair pencil surrounded by brown or ochre-brown (occasionally brown and white cream together) androconial scales of the upper side of the male hindwing (Figs 70–72) and a tuft of transverse bristles on the underside of male forewing (Figs 67–69) distinguishes E. spinosella from the most representatives of the group, except for E. tadshikiella; however, the latter has different male genitalia.</p><p>In the male genitalia, the combination of a very wide pseuduncus (Figs 174, 175, 179, 180), small caudal pro-cess of the gnathos (Figs 176, 181, 182), and pointed apical process of the valva (Figs 174, 182) distinguishes E. spinosella from other species of the group.</p><p>Remarks. Forewing length 1.5–2.3 mm; wingspan 3.2–5.0 mm. Forewing underside with a brown (Fig. 67) to brownish cream (Fig. 68) tuft of long bristles scales; occasionally the tuft can appear only as a few bristles (probably undeveloped or rubbed) (Fig. 69). Hindwing upper side with a brown, pale grey-brown (Figs 70, 71) or brownish cream (Fig. 72) hair pencil, surrounded by brown (Fig. 70) or ochre-brown (Figs 71, 72) androconial scales. In the type series of the former E. albiformae, some males with white cream androconia, some with brown, and some with both (mostly white and a few brown). For a full description see Nieukerken 1986 or Johansson et al. 1990; for a description of the former E. albiformae (now synonymized with E. spinosella), see Puplesis &amp; Diškus 2003; for a description of the former E. petrosa (synonymized with E. spinosella), see Puplesis 1994: 199, 200.</p><p>Bionomics. Host plants are Prunus spp., Rosaceae . The leaf mine was described and illustrated by Johansson et al. 1990: 317, 318 (fig. 753). In Asia (the western Kopet Dag Range), larvae mine in May–early July; in Europe, from late June to October (Johansson 1990). In Asia (the western Kopet Dag Range), adults were collected in May–June; in Europe, adults fly in June–July (Johansson 1990).</p><p>Distribution. Known from Europe (except the northern regions) and the mountain ranges of Central Asia, where it seems to be abundant (Puplesis &amp; Diškus 2003): the western Kopet Dag Range, Turkmenistan, at elevation of about 800 m (Fig. 1: Ko) and Hissor Range, Tajikistan (Fig. 1: Hr) (new distribution).</p><p>Remarks. We provide the first photographic documentation of the type-series specimens of S. albiformae Puplesis &amp; Diškus (synonymized with S. spinosella) and E. petrosa Puplesis (now synonymized with E. spinosella), and report on new distribution of E. spinosella in Tajikistan. The holotypes and paratypes of E. albiformae and E. petrosa, earlier deposited at LEU (=VPU) will be transferred to ZIN (see Material &amp; Methods).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFDAF671FF32FAEAFB28835B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFDBF672FF32FB6FFECC8417.text	A53B87E2FFDBF672FF32FB6FFECC8417.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ectoedemia ingloria Puplesis 1988	<div><p>Ectoedemia ingloria Puplesis, 1988</p><p>(Figs 73–76, 185–197)</p><p>Ectoedemia ingloria Puplesis, 1988: 280, 281.</p><p>Ectoedemia ingloria Puplesis, in Puplesis 1994: 200 .</p><p>Ectoedemia rosiphila Puplesis, in Puplesis et al. 1992: 55–57 (syn. nov.)</p><p>Ectoedemia rosiphila Puplesis, in Puplesis 1994: 201, 202.</p><p>Material examined. 2 ♂ (holotype and paratype): Tajikistan, 30 km N Dushanbe, Varzob Canyon, Kondara, el- evation ca. 1200 m, 7.vii–20.viii.1986, R. Puplesis, genitalia slide nos AN457 (holotype), AN427 (paratype) (ZIN, also see Remarks); 1 ♂: same locality as holotype, 1.vii.1991, R. Puplesis and A. Diškus, genitalia slide no. AN426 (ZIN); 1 ♂: Tajikistan, 30 km N Gissar, Hanaka, 1100 m, 23.vii.1990, R. Puplesis, genitalia slide no. AN425 (ZIN); 1 ♂: Tajikistan, 60 km N Dushanbe, env. Ziddi, 2000 m, 24.vii.1990, R. Puplesis, genitalia slide no. AN424 (ZIN); 1 ♂ (holotype of Ectoedemia rosiphila Puplesis), Kazakhstan, Talasskiy Alatau, Tyan Shan, 90 km E Chimkent, Aksu Dzhabagly (Zhabagly) Reserve, 1300 m, larva on Rosa fedtschenkoana Regel, 20.viii.1987, ex. pupa i.1988 (indoors), R. Puplesis, genitalia slide AN466 (ZIN, also see Remarks).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the Ectoedemia angulifasciella species group. Externally, the combination of some brown special scales along the costa on male forewing underside (Figs 75, 76) and absence of hair pencil on upper side of male hindwing (Fig. 74) distinguishes E. ingloria from other representatives of the group.</p><p>In the male genitalia, E. ingloria is most similar to E. insignata which also possesses larger spines on the phallus apically, a wide pseuduncus, a pointed apical process of valva and inconspicuous lobes of the vinculum, however, E. ingloria differs from E. insignata in the unique shape of gnathos with small caudal process on dentate plate (Fig. 186) and externally.</p><p>Remarks. Forewing length 2.4–2.6 mm; wingspan 5.2–5.7 mm. Forewing with a greyish white fascia (Fig. 73); forewing underside with a row of grey-brown, special scales along costal margin (Figs 75, 76); hindwing without a hair pencil (Fig. 74). We provide the first photographic documentation of the holotype of E. ingloria (Figs 73–76, 185–191). For a full description see Puplesis 1988: 280, 281, and Puplesis 1994: 200.</p><p>We have studied and provided the first photographic documentation of the holotype of E. rosiphila Puplesis (Figs 192–197) and found no external or internal differences when compared with E. ingloria; therefore, E. rosiphila is now synonymized with E. ingloria; for original description of E. rosiphila see Puplesis et al. 1992: 55–57.</p><p>Bionomics. Host plants are Rosa spp., including Rosa fedtschenkoana Regel, Rosaceae (Puplesis 1994) . Larvae mine in leaves in August. The initial part of the mine is a slender gallery with an interrupted line of black frass; further on the mine turns into an oval blotch with dispersed frass. Generations are unknown; it is expected only one generation per year.</p><p>Distribution. Known from the mountains of Central Asia: Hissor Range, a mountain range in the western part of the Pamir-Alay system, Tajikistan (Fig. 1: Hr) and the Talasskiy Alatau in the western Tien Shan (Tyan Shan), Kazakhstan (Fig. 1: Ta) (new distribution).</p><p>Remarks. We provide the first photographic documentation of the holotype E. rosiphyla Puplesis (now synonymized with E. ingloria) and report on new distribution of E. ingloria in Kazakhstan. Additionally, the holotypes and paratypes of E. ingloria and E. rosiphila, earlier deposited at LEU (=VPU) will be transferred to ZIN (see Material &amp; Methods).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFDBF672FF32FB6FFECC8417	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFD8F672FF32FCA3FC6D8042.text	A53B87E2FFD8F672FF32FCA3FC6D8042.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ectoedemia tadshikiella Puplesis 1988	<div><p>Ectoedemia tadshikiella Puplesis, 1988</p><p>(Figs 77–80, 198–205)</p><p>Ectoedemia tadshikiella Puplesis, 1988: 25, 26.</p><p>Ectoedemia tadshikiella Puplesis, in Puplesis 1994: 200, 201.</p><p>Material examined. 4 ♂, (holotype and paratypes): Tajikistan, 30 km N Dushanbe, Varzon Canyon, Kondara, 1200 m, 4.vii.–13.viii.1986, R . Puplesis, genitalia slide no. AN456 (holotype) (ZIN); 3 ♂ (paratypes), same label data as holotype, R . Puplesis, genitalia slide nos AN416, AN417, AN418 (ZIN); 4 ♂ (not type series), same locality as holotype, 13–21.viii.1986, R . Puplesis (ZIN); 4 ♂ (not type series), same locality as holotype, 20.vii.–15.viii.1990, R . Puplesis (ZIN); 2 ♂ (not type series), same locality as holotype, 30.vi.–19.vii.1991, R . Puplesis and A. Diškus (ZIN); 5 ♂ (not type series), Turkmenistan, Kugitangtau, env. Svinsoviy (Svinsovyy) Rudnik, Sajat, 12–13.viii.1989, 29.viii.1990, R . Puplesis (ZIN).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the Ectoedemia angulifasciella species group. Externally, it can be confused with some other species possessing a large hair pencil of the hindwing, surrounded by ochre scales (Fig. 80). Nevertheless, the combination of a large, brown tuft and long special piliform scales along the costal margin on the forewing underside (Fig. 79) has some value in differentiation of E. tadshikiella .</p><p>In the male genitalia, the unique, apically rounded valva and short, rounded lobes of the vinculum (Fig. 203) instantly distinguish E. tadshikiella from other species of the group.</p><p>Remarks. Forewing length 1.7 mm; wingspan 3.7 mm. Forewing underside with a large, dark brown tuft and long bristles along costal margin (Fig. 79). Hindwing upper side with a large, ochre-brown hair pencil, surrounded by ochre androconial scales (Fig. 80). For a full description see Puplesis 1994: 200, 201.</p><p>Bionomics. Host plant and leaf mine are unknown. Adults were collected from late June to August.</p><p>Distribution. Known from the Hissor Range, Tajikistan (Fig. 1: Hr), at altitude about 1200 m, and adjacent Kugitangtau Range (eastern Turkmenistan).</p><p>Remarks. We provide the first photographic documentation of the male genitalia of E. tadshikiella (Figs 198– 205) and report on the type-series transfer: the holotype and six paratypes of E. tadshikiella, earlier deposited at LEU (=VPU) will be transferred to ZIN (see Material &amp; Methods).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFD8F672FF32FCA3FC6D8042	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFD9F67CFF32FF52FADD8560.text	A53B87E2FFD9F67CFF32FF52FADD8560.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acalyptris brunipexus Stonis, Diskus & Remeikis 2020	<div><p>Acalyptris brunipexus Stonis, Diškus &amp; Remeikis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 18–21, 82, 83, 206–214)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3A306391-5FFE-4732-9ED0-F85B6ABF44BC</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, India, Uttarakhand, Dehradun Distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.31639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.128056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.31639/lat 30.128056)">Rishikesh</a>, 30°07’41”N, 78°18’59”E, elevation ca. 510 m, 08.viii.2010, A. Diškus and A. Navickaitė, genitalia slide no. AD495 (ZIN) . Paratypes: 4 ♂, 5 ♀, same label data as holotype, genitalia slide nos AD 482♂, AD 486♀, AD 497♂ (ZIN); 1 ♂, same label data as holotype, 30°07’40”N, 78°19’03”E, elevation ca. 450 m, at light, 08.viii.2010, A. Remeikis and J. R . Stonis, genitalia slide no. RA278 (ZIN) .</p><p>Diagnosis. This new species belongs to the Acalyptris platani species group. A. brunipexus sp. nov. is the most similar, and probably closely related, to the Himalayan A. melanospila (Meyrick, 1934), A. auratilis Puplesis &amp; Diškus, 2003, and A. nigripexus Puplesis &amp; Diškus, 2003 .</p><p>Externally, males of A. brunipexus differ from similar species of the A. platani group in the presence of long, pale brown androconia (Fig. 83) which cover the basal two-thirds of the hindwing and overlaps the fringe ( A. auratilis does not possess androconia, A. melanospila has a basal patch of white androconia, and A. nigripexus has distinctly black androconia).</p><p>Internally, in the male genitalia, the combination of unique-shaped ventral carinae (Figs 210, 211), presence of a cluster of spine-like cornuti in the phallus (Figs 208, 210, 213), the large, unique, hook-like cornutus (Figs 208, 213), the stout tube of the phallus (Fig. 208), and the unique shape of the proximal lobes of vinculum (Fig. 207) distinguish the new species from the most similar species, A. melanospila, A. auratilis, and A. nigripexus . Additionally, the little chitinized apex of the phallus (Figs 208, 210) distinguishes A. brunipexus from A. auratilis (the latter possesses a strongly chitinized, rounded apical lobe), and the simply shaped inner lobe of the valva (Fig. 207) distinguishes A. brunipexus from A. nigripexus (for an illustrated review of the similarHimalayan A. melanospila, A. auratilis, and A. nigripexus see Puplesis &amp; Diškus 2003: figs 423–428, 477–495).</p><p>Male (Fig. 83). Forewing length 1.5–1.6 mm; wingspan 3.2–3.5 mm (n = 2).</p><p>Head. Palpi cream, frontal tuft grey-brown; collar inconspicuous, cream, comprised of short piliform scales; scape brownish cream with some pale brown scales; antenna significantly shorter than one-third the length of forewing, with about 21 segments; flagellum pale brown basally, paler apically, sometimes with some purple iridescence.</p><p>Thorax. Tegula and thorax brownish cream, irregularly speckled with some brown scales. Forewing ochreous cream, with some purple iridescence, basally irrorated with pale grey-brown scales, apically densely speckled with black-brown scales; fringe cream, without a fringe line; underside of forewing pale ochre-brown, with some purple iridescence, without spots or androconia on upper side and underside. Hindwing covered with slender, long, pale brown androconia with purple iridescence, except for the apical third of the wing which is cream; the long, brown androconia also overlap the fringe. Legs glossy yellowish cream; hindlegs covered with brown scales on upper side.</p><p>Abdomen. Dark grey-brown with some purple iridescence on upper side, predominantly cream on underside. Otherwise, abdomen is unknown. Genitalia (Figs 206–213) with capsule about 190–200 µm long, 125–130 µm wide. Pseuduncus (Figs 206, 212) triangular-shaped, truncated or rounded distally. Valva (Figs 207, 211) 125–130 µm long, with an inner lobe. Vinculum with moderately long, triangular-shaped lateral lobes and two unique proxi-mal lobes (Fig. 207). Phallus with a stout tube (not constricted medially) (Figs 208–210, 213), about 205 µm long, with a unique-shaped ventral carinae (Figs 210, 211), some tiny cornuti, an apical cluster of 5–7 spine-like cornuti (Figs 208, 210, 213), a large sinuous cornutus (Figs 208, 209), and large, unique, hook-like cornutus (Figs 208, 209, 213).</p><p>Female (Fig. 82). Forewing length 1.5–1.7 mm; wingspan 3.2–3.7 mm (n = 4). Similar to male, but lighter in color. Frontal tuft pale ochreous orange. Scape golden cream, glossy. Antenna very short, curved, with about 16 segments; flagellum dark brown basally, pale yellowish brown in apically.</p><p>Forewing golden cream, sparsely speckled with dark-brown scales in the basal two-thirds and densely covered with black-brown scales in the apical third, sometimes forming a false fascia. Fringe glossy cream. Forewing underside glossy ochreous to glossy pale brown, without spots. Hindwing golden cream, glossy to pale brown-grey depending from angle of view. Legs glossy yellowish cream, with little or no brown scales on upper side.</p><p>Abdomen. Dark grey-brown with some purple iridescence on upper side, golden cream, glossy on underside. Genitalia (Fig. 214) about 525 µm long. Abdominal apex truncated, with short setae; anterior and posterior apophy-ses equal in length. Vestibulum with a unique, weakly-developed and weakly-chitinized vaginal sclerite. Corpus bursae with two large signa; one signum is slightly shorter. Ductus spermathaecae with about 2 coils and a unique, round vesicle (Fig. 214).</p><p>Bionomics (Figs 18–21). Host plant is unknown (unidentified). Larvae mine in leaves in August and, judging from observed old (empty) leaf mines, in July. Larva pale yellowish green, with brownish green intestine and pale brown head (Fig. 18). The leaf mine is linear, as a slender gallery, contorted in the beginning, further on sinuous, with a thin central line of black frass (Figs 19–21). Adults occur in August–September.</p><p>Distribution. Known from a single locality in the western Himalaya (Uttarakhand: Rishikesh), at the elevation of about 500–700 m (Fig. 1: wHi).</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after the similar A. nigripexus (possessing black androconia), with a change of nigri - to bruni- (brown), in reference to the pale brown androconia of the hindwing of the new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFD9F67CFF32FF52FADD8560	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFD6F67CFF32FD77FE3F81DA.text	A53B87E2FFD6F67CFF32FD77FE3F81DA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acalyptris auratilis Puplesis & Diskus 2003	<div><p>Acalyptris auratilis Puplesis &amp; Diškus, 2003</p><p>(Figs 84, 215–223)</p><p>Acalyptris auratilis Puplesis &amp; Diškus, 2003: 219, 220.</p><p>Material examined. 3 ♂ (holotype and paratypes), Nepal, 70 km W of Kathmandu, Baikunthapuri, subtropical montane forest, 19, 20.iv.1995, R . Puplesis, genitalia slide nos AD0378 (holotype), AD0379 (paratype) (ZIN, also see Remarks); 1 ♂, India, Uttarakhand, Dehradun Distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.33194&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.136944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.33194/lat 30.136944)">Rishikesh</a>, 30°08’13”N, 78°19’55”E, elevation ca. 450 m, at light, 09.viii.2010, A. Šimkevičiūtė, genitalia slide no. AG127 (ZIN) .</p><p>Diagnosis. This species belongs to the Acalyptris platani species group. Acalyptris auratilis is the most similar and probably closely related to the Himalayan A. melanospila (Meyrick, 1934), A. nigripexus Puplesis &amp; Diškus, 2003, and A. brunipexus sp. nov. (described above).</p><p>Externally, males of A. auratilis differ from similar species of the A. platani group in the absence of androconia (Fig. 84) ( A. melanospila has a basal patch of white androconia, A. nigripexus is with distinctly black androconia, and A. brunipexus possesses pale brown androconia of the hindwing).</p><p>Internally, in the male genitalia, the combination of unique-shaped ventral carinae (Figs 221, 222), a large dor-sal lobe of phallus (Fig. 217), a long, slender pseuduncus (Fig. 220), small, scale-like cornuti in the phallus (Figs 217, 223), and the unique shape of the proximal lobe of vinculum (Figs 215, 219) distinguishes this species from the most similar A. melanospila, A. nigripexus, and A. brunipexus .</p><p>Male (Fig. 84). Forewing length 2.0– 2.1 mm; wingspan 4.4–4.6 mm (n = 4). Described and illustrated by Puplesis &amp; Diškus, 2003: 219, 220: figs 424, 480–483, 488, 491, 494.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Bionomics. Host plant is unknown. Adults were collected at light in April and August. Otherwise, biology is unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Known from the subtropical forest of the western Himalaya: 70 km W of Kathmandu (Fig. 1: cHi) and Uttarakhand, Rishikesh (Fig. 1: wHi) (new distribution).</p><p>Remarks. We provide the first photographic documentation of the male genitalia (Figs 217–221, 223), for the first time report on new distribution of the species in India (Figs 215, 216). Additionally, the holotype and two paratypes, earlier deposited at LEU (formerly abbreviated as VPU) will be transferred to ZIN (see Material examined) because of the LEU closure.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFD6F67CFF32FD77FE3F81DA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFD6F67DFF32F8E8FA8E83E8.text	A53B87E2FFD6F67DFF32F8E8FA8E83E8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acalyptris noctilucus Rociene & Stonis 2020	<div><p>Acalyptris noctilucus Rocienė &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 81, 224–229)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 63000FA3-3094-4A3C-BF02-A48FF1B7B4DB</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♂, India, Uttarakhand, Dehradun Distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.31775&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.12778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.31775/lat 30.12778)">Rishikesh</a>, 30°07’40.01”N, 78°19’03.9”E, el-</p><p>evation ca. 450 m, at light, 6.viii.2010, A. Šimkevičiūtė, genitalia slide no. AG 128♂ (ZIN). Paratypes: 2 ♂, same label data as holotype, 30°08’13.73”N, 78°19’55.12”E, elevation ca. 450 m, at light, 9.viii.2010, A. Šimkevičiūtė, genitalia slide nos AG 125♂, AG 126♂ (ZIN) .</p><p>Diagnosis. This new species belongs to the Acalyptris platani species group. A. noctilucus sp. nov. is most similar to the Oriental A. auratilis Puplesis &amp; Diškus, 2003, A. acontarcha (Meyrick, 1926), and some Afrotropical Acalyptris with modified, simple lobe-shaped ventral carina, a truncated proximal lobe of vinculum, and valva without a pronounced inner lobe, including A. umdoniensis (Scoble, 1980) and A. rubiaevora (Scoble, 1980) .</p><p>Externally, males of A. noctilucus differ from all similar species of the A. platani group by the presence of shiny, brightly blue iridescent scales on the dark forewing.</p><p>Internally, in the male genitalia, A. noctilucus differs from all similar species in the absence of lateral carinae of the phallus (Fig. 225) and the unique-shaped ventral carinae as a long and slender single lobe (Fig. 226).</p><p>Male (Fig. 81). Forewing length 1.7–1.8 mm; wingspan 3.8–4.0 mm (n = 2).</p><p>Head. Palpi cream, frontal tuft pale ochre orange; collar pale ochre; scape very large, golden cream to ochreous cream; antenna shorter than one half the length of forewing; flagellum golden cream.</p><p>Thorax. Tegula, thorax and forewing densely covered with dark, grey-brown scales; these dark scales with a strong blue iridescence, especialy in the apical half and apex of the forewing; fringe pale grey-brown, without a fringe line; underside of forewing pale grey-brown, without spots or androconia. Hindwing brownish cream without androconia on upper side and underside, with little purple iridescence; fringe ochreous cream to grey cream depending on angle of view. Legs ochreous cream with some pale brown scales on upper side.</p><p>Abdomen. Colouration of the scaling is unknown. Genitalia (Figs 224–229) with capsule about 290 µm long, 195 µm wide. Pseuduncus (Figs 224) triangular-shaped, rounded or truncated distally. Valva (Figs 224, 227, 229) about 200 µm long, widened in the basal 1/3, but without a prominent, individualized inner lobe (Fig. 224). Vincu-lum with short or very short, distally rounded lateral lobes and a truncated proximal lobe, strongly chitinized along caudal margin (Fig. 224). Phallus (Figs 225, 226, 227, 229) about 315 µm long, without lateral carinae, with a modi-fied ventral carinae as a long and slender single lobe (Fig. 226); cornuti tiny and pointed apically (Figs 225, 226).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Bionomics. Host plant is unknown. Adults fly in August. Otherwise, biology is unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Known from a single locality in the western Himalaya (Uttarakhand: Rishikesh), at the elevation of about 500 m (Fig. 1: wHi).</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after other night luminous insects (including the beetle Pyrophorus noctilucus (L.)), in reference to the bright blue lustrous (iridescent) scales on the dark forewing of the new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFD6F67DFF32F8E8FA8E83E8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
A53B87E2FFD7F67EFF32FAFFFCD08438.text	A53B87E2FFD7F67EFF32FAFFFCD08438.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acalyptris nasutus Diskus & Navickaite 2020	<div><p>Acalyptris nasutus Diškus &amp; Navickaitė, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 4, 22–25, 85, 86, 230–235)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2F209F64-5C8F-4585-B0BE-FC5F604EA350</p><p>Type material. Holotype: ♀, India, Uttarakhand, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=78.29&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.407778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 78.29/lat 30.407778)">Tehri Garhwal Distr.</a>, 25km NW Chamba, 30°24’28”N, 78°17’24”E, elevation ca. 2600 m, feeding larva on Viburnum cotinifolium, 23.viii.2010, A. Diškus and A. Navickaitė, genitalia slide no. AD485 (ZIN) . Paratypes: 2 ♀, same label data as holotype, genitalia slide no. AD479 (ZIN) .</p><p>Diagnosis. This new species belongs to the Acalyptris platani species group. Because the shape of vaginal sclerite and long, slender signa, A. nasutus sp. nov. seems similar to the Mediterranean A. platani (Müller-Rutz, 1934), A. loranthella (Klimesh, 1937), and the South African A. loranthivora (Janse, 1948) . However, the unique parttern with a wide, golden cream pseudofascia on a dark forewing and the unique biology of larvae feeding on Viburnum and producing unique, contorted leaf mines, distinguish the new species from other species of the A. platani group.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Female (Figs 85, 86). Forewing length 2.5–2.6 mm; wingspan 5.5–5.7 mm (n = 3).</p><p>Head. Palpi golden cream, frontal tuft dark ochre-beige on vertex, bright ochreous orange on frons; collar yel-lowish cream, indistinctive, comprised of piliform scales; scape large, yellowish cream; antenna as half the length of forewing, with about 32 segments; flagellum dark grey-brown, with some purple iridescence.</p><p>Thorax. Tegula and thorax speckled with dark grey-brown scales. Forewing basally speckled with grey-brown scales, medialy with a wide dark golden cream area (pseudofascia) sparsely irrorated with dark grey brown scales, apically densely speckled with brown- black scales; fringe grey, without a fringe line; underside of forewing darkbrown except for a small, elongated, whitish cream scaleless patch basally, without androconia. Hindwing dark grey-brown on upper side and underside, golden glossy on upper side. Legs glossy, golden cream, densely covered with grey-brown scales on upper side.</p><p>Abdomen. Dark grey-brown some purple iridescence on upper side, golden glossy, brownish grey on underside. Genitalia (Figs 230–235) 720–735 µm long. Abdominal apex truncated, with short setae. Anterior and posterior apophyses almost equal in length. Vestibulum with a strongly chitinized, complex vaginal sclerite, with nose-like projection (Figs 231, 235). Corpus bursae with two very long signa. Ductus spermathaecae with 3–3.5 coils and a tube-like vesicle (Fig. 234).</p><p>Bionomics (Figs 4, 22–25). Host plant is Viburnum cotinifolium D. Don., Adoxaceae (formerly attributed to Caprifoliaceae). Larvae mine in leaves in August. Larva pale yellowish green, with a bright dark green intestine and pale brown head (Fig. 22). The leaf mine is linear, as a slender and distinctly contorted gallery; frass, brown to greenish black or black, fills the width of the gallery except for the initial part where it is deposited as a thin central line. Adults occur in August.</p><p>Distribution. Known from two localities in the western Himalaya (Uttarakhand: Chamba and Dhanaulti), at the elevation of 2200–2600 m (Fig. 1: wHi).</p><p>Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin nasutus (with a nose), in reference to the distinctive, noselike projection of the vaginal sclerite in the female genitalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A53B87E2FFD7F67EFF32FAFFFCD08438	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Stonis, Jonas R.;Remeikis, Andrius;Diškus, Arūnas;Navickaitė, Asta	Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Navickaitė, Asta (2020): Documenting new and little known leaf-mining Nepticulidae from middle and southwestern areas of the Asian continent. Zootaxa 4881 (3): 401-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.1
