taxonID	type	description	language	source
A84B0500FFB6FF89C256FE44FD6AA5AD.taxon	type_taxon	Type species Ghatiana aurantiaca sp. nov, by present designation.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB6FF89C256FE44FD6AA5AD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Carapace slightly broader than long (cl / cw 0.71 – 0.78) (cw 1.3 – 1.4 times cl), highly arched (ch / cw 0.45 – 0.52), narrow posteriorly, ch more than 0.6 times cl; anterolateral margin short, slightly curved; front vertically deflexed, depressed, broad, nearly 0.4 times cw; epigastric crests distinct, low, broad, blunt; postorbital crests indistinct; external orbital angle poorly developed; epibranchial tooth indistinct, very close to level of supraorbital margin; cervical grooves poorly developed, interrupted; mesogastric groove long, deep, wide, extending into frontal region, bifurcate posteriorly; frontal median triangle incomplete with only dorsal margin; lacking epistomal median tooth (Figures 2 A, B, 4 A, B). Chelipeds unequal, carpal spine distinct, blunt, outer surface of merus rugose. Ambulatory legs with tuft of fine bristles. Suture between thoracic sternites s 2 / s 3 indistinct and between s 3 / s 4 incomplete visible as short grooves on sides only; s 1, s 2 with setae (Figures 2 C, 3 A, 4 C, 5 A). Male abdomen elongated, T-shaped; fifth abdominal somite broader than long; sixth abdominal somite longer than broad, but shorter than telson; telson long (Figures 3 B, 5 B); male sternoabdominal cavity deep, very long, extending beyond level of bases of third maxillipeds (Figures 2 C, 4 C). Exopods of first, second maxillipeds each with long flagellum; exopod of third maxilliped lacking flagellum, exopod longer than ischium (Figures 3 D, 5 D). G 1 short with long terminal article (0.45 – 0.55 times length of subterminal segment); subterminal segment much broader than the terminal article (Figures 3 E, F, 5 E, F). G 2 short with very short terminal article (Figures 3 H, 5 H).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB6FF89C256FE44FD6AA5AD.taxon	etymology	Etymology The genus name is derived from the word ‘ Ghat’ because all the species in this genus are endemic to the Western Ghats. Gender feminine.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB6FF89C256FE44FD6AA5AD.taxon	discussion	Remarks Ghatiana, new genus, can be distinguished from other Indian gecarcinucid genera by the absence of a flagellum on the exopod of the third maxilliped (Figures 3 D, 5 D) (except Pilarta, Snaha, Globitelphusa, Inglethelphusa and Gubernatoriana, which possess a flagellum on this maxilliped). The new genus is distinguished from Pilarta and Snaha by the G 2 terminal article, which is very short (Figures 3 H, 5 H) (whereas Pilarta and Snaha have a flagellum-like G 2 distal article) (Bahir and Yeo 2007: figs. 25 H, 27 G, 29 E). Ghatiana can be distinguished from Globitelphusa by the distal part of the subterminal segment of the G 1: this is narrow, with an inner margin that gradually tapers without angulation in Ghatiana (Figures 3 E, G, 5 E, G) but broad with an inner margin that tapers sharply at an angle in Globitelphusa (Bott 1970: pl. 33, fig. 15). In addition, Globitelphusa is restricted to northeast India whereas Ghatiana is only found in the Western Ghats. The new genus has some affinities with the monotypic genus Inglethelphusa in carapace morphology: both genera have a slightly curved anterolateral margin; very low, broad and blunt epigastric crests; a long mesogastric groove bifurcating posteriorly and extending into the frontal region; both lack an epistomal median tooth; both have an elongated and T-shaped male abdomen; both have a long sixth male abdominal somite and long telson; both have a very long male sternoabdominal cavity extending beyond the level of the third maxilliped base, and a short G 2 with a short terminal article. However, Ghatiana can easily be distinguished from Inglethelphusa by its broad carapace (cw / cl 1.3 – 1.4 vs 1.1), narrow frontal margin (fw / cw 0.38 – 0.41 vs 0.46), long third maxilliped exopod that is longer than the ischium (vs a short third maxilliped exopod), and a short, slightly curved and stout G 1 with a short terminal article (Figures 2 A, B, 3 D – F, 4 A, B, 5 D – F) (vs a long, almost straight, narrow G 1 with a very long terminal article) (Bott 1970: pl. 34, figs. 25 – 28). The G 1 s of Ghatiana and Gubernatoriana appear superficially similar but the terminal article of the former is longer than that of the latter (Figures 3 E, 5 E, 7 E; Bott 1970: pl. 27, fig. 27; pl. 34, fig. 36). Further, Ghatiana can be differentiated from Gubernatoriana by its broad and highly arched carapace (vs squarish and comparatively less arched carapace), elongated T-shaped male abdomen with sixth male abdominal somite longer than broad and a long telson (vs short T-shaped male abdomen with sixth male abdominal somite slightly broader than long and a short telson) (Figures 2 A, C, 3 B, 4 A, C, 5 B, 6 A, C, 7 B; Bott 1970: pl. 6, figs. 61, 62; pl. 34, figs. 33, 34). Ecological notes Specimens were found in burrows dug into the banks of small streams, or under small stones, or inside cavities of laterite boulders on land or in holes in tree trunks. These crabs were especially active during the night in the rainy season where they were found either walking on the ground or on laterite boulders or climbing up tree trunks (Pati and Sharma, unpublished data).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB6FF89C256FE44FD6AA5AD.taxon	distribution	Distribution Northern Western Ghat Mountains, India. The type species was found in laterite regions of Konkan (244 m above sea level) whereas the other species was recorded from elevated Ghat areas (883 m above sea level). Two species are included in Ghatiana gen. nov.: Ghatiana aurantiaca sp. nov. (type species) and Ghatiana hyacintha sp. nov.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBEFF83C20FFF12FDD1A2FF.taxon	description	(Figures 2 A – C, 3 A – H, 8 A)	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBEFF83C20FFF12FDD1A2FF.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens Holotype: male (cw 17.10 mm, cl 12.14 mm, ch 7.76 mm, fw 6.42 mm), coll. P. S. Bhatnagar and party (ZSI, WRC-C. 1129), Forest Rest House, Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary, Raigad district, Maharashtra, India, 18 ° 25 ′ 27.912 ″ N, 72 ° 56 ′ 53.1672 ″ E, alt. 244 m; paratypes: 2 males (cw 14.52 – 15.64 mm, cl 10.64 – 11.30 mm, ch 6.84 – 7.30 mm, fw 5.64 – 6.04 mm) and 2 females (cw 10.94 – 15.64 mm, cl 7.94 – 11.12 mm, ch 4.70 – 7.26 mm, fw 4.30 – 6.00 mm) (ZSI, WRC-C. 828), same data as holotype.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBEFF83C20FFF12FDD1A2FF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Carapace slightly broader than long (cl / cw = 0.71 – 0.73); anterolateral margin curved with smooth, cristiform, thick, oblique striations; epigastric crests distinct, low, broad, blunt; postorbital crests indistinct; epibranchial tooth indistinct; mesogastric groove long, deep, extending into frontal region up to frontal margin; frontal median triangle incomplete with only dorsal margin; epistomal median lobe broadly triangular with rounded apex, lacking median tooth (Figure 2 A, B). Suture between thoracic sternites s 2 / s 3 indistinct and between s 3 / s 4 visible as grooves on sides only; s 1, s 2 with bunch of setae (Figures 2 C, 3 A). Male abdomen elongated T-shape; fifth abdominal somite broader than long; sixth abdominal somite longer than broad; telson longer than sixth abdominal somite (Figures 2 C, 3 B). G 1 short, slightly curved outward with long terminal article (0.45 times length of subterminal segment); tip pointed; subterminal segment much broader than terminal article, basal two-thirds much broader than distal one-third (Figure 3 E – G). G 2 short with very short or vestigial terminal article (Figure 3 H). Carapace orange red in living animals (Figure 8 A).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBEFF83C20FFF12FDD1A2FF.taxon	description	Description Carapace slightly broader than long (cw / cl 1.4), narrow posteriorly; highly arched (ch / cl 0.64), anterolateral carapace inflated in frontal view; dorsal carapace surface rugose on lateral sides; anterolateral margin curved with smooth, cristiform, thick, oblique striations; posterolateral margin with fine, oblique striations; front depressed, vertically deflexed, broad, fw / cw 0.4; frontal margin slightly undulating; epigastric crests distinct, low, broad, blunt; postorbital crests indistinct; external orbital angle poorly developed; epibranchial tooth indistinct, very close to level of supraorbital margin; postorbital region slightly deep; branchial regions inflated, rugose; subhepatic region with fine striations; cervical grooves poorly developed, interrupted; mesogastric groove long, deep, extending to frontal margin, bifurcated posteriorly; H-groove visible; frontal median triangle incomplete with only dorsal margin; epistomal median lobe broadly triangular with rounded apex, lacking median tooth (Figure 2 A, B). Chelipeds unequal; right chela much larger; smooth; teeth on fingers blunt, almost of equal size; dactylus shorter than palm; fingers of larger chela meet only at tip (Figure 3 C); carpal spine distinct, blunt; carpus devoid of bristles; outer surface of merus rugose. Ambulatory legs (p 2 – p 5) long with very fine, small tuft of brownish bristles with yellowish tips mostly on margins; dactylus (p 4 and p 5) longer than propodus; longest propodus (p 3) three times as long as broad. Suture between thoracic sternites s 2 / s 3 indistinct, suture between sternites s 3 / s 4 missing except for two short lateral grooves; s 1, s 2 heavily setose (Figures 2 C, 3 A). Male abdomen elongated, T-shaped; fifth abdominal somite broader than long with concave lateral margins, distal width shorter than proximal width; sixth abdominal somite longer than broad, shorter than telson with slightly convex lateral margins, proximal width equal to distal width; telson elongated, broadly rounded at apex (Figures 2 C, 3 B); male sternoabdominal cavity deep, very long, extending much beyond level of bases of third maxillipeds (Figure 2 C). Exopod of first, second maxillipeds with long flagellum; exopod of third maxilliped lacking flagellum, longer than ischium, ventral sulcus on ischium indistinct, merus quadrangular, anterior external angle of merus right angled, slightly depressed (Figure 3 D). Mandibular palp with two joints, terminal joint bilobed. G 1 short, slightly curved outward with long terminal article (0.45 times length of subterminal segment); terminal article narrower than subterminal segment, tip pointed; subterminal segment broader than terminal article, basal two-thirds broader than distal third (Figure 3 E – G). G 2 short with very short or vestigial terminal article; proximal half of basal segment distinctly broader than distal half (Figure 3 H). Colour Live animals have an orange-red carapace and chelipeds (Figure 8 A); specimens preserved in ethanol have a yellow-brown carapace and chelipeds.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBEFF83C20FFF12FDD1A2FF.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific epithet derived from the Latin word aurantiacus meaning ‘ orange-red’, refers to the orange-red colour of the live crab.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBEFF83C20FFF12FDD1A2FF.taxon	discussion	Remarks Ghatiana aurantiaca sp. nov. is similar to G. hyacintha sp. nov. in general carapace morphology and G 1 structure. However, these two species are clearly differentiated by the following characters: orange-red colour when alive (vs violet when alive); carapace more transversely elongate in appearance, cw / cl 1.4 (vs carapace less transverse and more squarish in appearance, cw / cl 1.3); epistomal median lobe broadly triangular with rounded apex (vs epistomal median lobe broadly triangular with slightly acute apex); thoracic sternites s 3 / s 4 smooth, lacking setae (vs sternites s 3 / s 4 highly setose); short G 1 terminal article 0.45 times length of subterminal segment (vs long terminal article 0.55 times length of subterminal segment); basal two-thirds of G 1 subterminal segment broader than distal one-third (vs basal half of G 1 subterminal segment broader than distal half) (Figures 2 A, B, 3 A, E, 4 A, B, 5 A, E, 8 A, B). Ecological notes Ghatiana aurantiaca lives on land inside cavities of laterite boulders, and inside holes in tree trunks (present study). This crab species is active during the night in the rainy season when it is often seen walking on the ground, on laterite boulders, or climbing up tree trunks (Pati and Sharma, unpublished data).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBEFF83C20FFF12FDD1A2FF.taxon	distribution	Distribution Known only from the type locality.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB9FF81C1CCFDBBFBA4A09B.taxon	description	(Figures 4 A – C, 5 A – H, 8 B)	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB9FF81C1CCFDBBFBA4A09B.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens Holotype: male (cw 13.58 mm, cl 10.54 mm, ch 6.62 mm, fw 5.60 mm), coll. S. S. Jadhav and party (ZSI, WRC-C. 1130), Mahadeb Mandir, Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary, Kolhapur district, Maharashtra, India, 16 ° 25 ′ 24.2796 ″ N, 73 ° 54 ′ 7.1964 ″ E, alt. 883 m; paratypes: 3 males (cw 12.36 – 13.42 mm, cl 9.56 – 10.24 mm, ch 6.06 – 6.54 mm, fw 5.16 – 5.66 mm) and 2 females (cw 12.02 – 13.80 mm, cl 9.20 – 10.50 mm, ch 6.22 – 6.64 mm, fw 5.04 – 5.84 mm) (ZSI, WRC-C. 825), same data as holotype.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB9FF81C1CCFDBBFBA4A09B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Carapace broader than long (cl / cw 0.76 – 0.78); anterolateral margin curved with finely serrated crest curving into branchial regions, short, oblique, distinct striations on lateral sides; epigastric crests distinct, low, broad, blunt; postorbital crests indistinct; epibranchial tooth indistinct; mesogastric groove long, deep, wide, extending into frontal region; frontal median triangle incomplete with only dorsal margin; epistomal median lobe broadly triangular with slightly acute apex, lacking median tooth (Figure 4 A, B). Suture between thoracic sternites s 2 / s 3 indistinct, suture between s 3 / s 4 incomplete except for short lateral grooves; s 1 – s 4 with setae spreading uniformly (Figures 4 C, 5 A). Male abdomen elongated T-shape; fifth abdominal somite broader than long; sixth abdominal somite longer than broad; telson longer than sixth abdominal somite (Figures 4 C, 5 B). G 1 short, slightly curved outward with long terminal article (0.55 times length of subterminal segment); tip pointed; subterminal segment comparatively much broader than terminal article, basal half much broader than distal half (Figure 5 E – G). G 2 short with very short or vestigial terminal article (Figure 5 H). Living specimens with violet carapace and legs (Figure 8 B).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB9FF81C1CCFDBBFBA4A09B.taxon	description	Description Carapace slightly broader than long (cw / cl 1.3), narrow posteriorly, highly arched (ch / cl 0.63), anterolateral carapace inflated in frontal view; anterolateral margin curved with a very finely serrated crest curving into branchial regions, short, oblique, distinct striations on lateral sides; posterolateral margin with short, distinct, oblique striations; front slightly depressed in middle, vertically deflexed, broad, fw / cw 0.4; frontal margin nearly straight; epigastric crests distinct, low, broad, blunt; postorbital crests indistinct; external orbital angle poorly developed; epibranchial tooth indistinct, very close to level of supraorbital margin; postorbital region shallow; branchial regions inflated, rugose; subhepatic region with fine striations; cervical grooves poorly developed, interrupted; mesogastric groove long, deep, wide, extending into frontal region, bifurcate posteriorly; H-groove visible; frontal median triangle incomplete with only dorsal margin; epistomal median lobe broadly triangular with slightly acute apex, lacking distinct median tooth (Figure 4 A, B). Chelipeds unequal; right chela larger; smooth; fingers of major cheliped with two or three larger teeth, fingers meeting only at tip; dactylus of major cheliped shorter than palm (Figure 5 C); carpus with large blunt tooth; carpus almost devoid of bristles; outer surface of merus rugose. Ambulatory legs (p 2 – p 5) long with very fine, small, tuft of two or three brownish bristles with yellowish tips mostly on margins; dactylus (p 4 and p 5) longer than propodus; longest propodus (p 4) three times as long as broad. Suture between thoracic sternites s 2 / s 3 indistinct, suture between s 3 / s 4 missing except for two lateral grooves; s 1 – s 4 with setae spreading uniformly (Figures 4 C, 5 A). Male abdomen elongated, T-shaped; fifth abdominal somite broader than long with concave lateral margins, distal width shorter than proximal width; sixth abdominal somite longer than broad, shorter than telson with convex lateral margins, proximal width equal to distal width; telson elongated, broadly rounded at apex (Figures 4 C, 5 B); male sternoabdominal cavity deep, very long, extending much beyond level of third maxilliped bases (Figure 4 C). Exopod of first and second maxillipeds with long flagellum; exopod of third maxilliped lacking flagellum, longer than ischium; ventral sulcus on ischium shallow, towards centre; merus quadrangular, anterior external angle of merus right angled, slightly depressed (Figure 5 D). Mandibular palp with two joints, terminal joint bilobed. G 1 short, slightly curved outward with long terminal article (0.55 times length of subterminal segment); terminal article narrower than subterminal segment, tip pointed; subterminal segment broader than terminal article, basal half broader than distal half (Figure 5 E – G). G 2 short with very short or vestigial terminal article; proximal half of basal segment distinctly broader than distal half (Figure 5 H). Colour Live animals have a violet carapace and chelipeds (Figure 8 B); specimens preserved in ethanol have a dark brown carapace and faint violet chelipeds.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB9FF81C1CCFDBBFBA4A09B.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific epithet, hyacintha alludes to the violet colour of the species with reference to the colour of the flowers of water hyacinth.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB9FF81C1CCFDBBFBA4A09B.taxon	discussion	Remarks Ghatiana hyacintha is similar to G. aurantiaca in overall carapace morphology and G 1 structure. Nevertheless, the species can be distinguished by the colouration of the carapace, relative width of the carapace, appearance of the apex of the epistomal median lobe, pattern of the setae on thoracic sternites, and relative length of G 1 terminal article and relative broadness of G 1 subterminal segment. For differences see Remarks for G. aurantiaca. Ecological notes Specimens were collected from burrows of the banks of small streams, and from under small stones. These crabs are generally more active during the rainy season (from June to September) (Pati and Sharma, unpublished data).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFB9FF81C1CCFDBBFBA4A09B.taxon	distribution	Distribution Known only from the type locality.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBBFF9EC1C7FBBFFE4CA6BE.taxon	type_taxon	Type species Paratelphusa (Globitelphusa) gubernatoris Alcock, 1909, by original designation.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBBFF9EC1C7FBBFFE4CA6BE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (revised after Bott 1970; based on type species and present material) Carapace squarish (cl / cw 0.78 – 0.92) (cw 1.1 – 1.3 times cl), flat (ch / cl 0.6); anterolateral margin short, nearly straight; front vertically deflexed, narrow (fw / cw 0.35 – 0.42); epigastric crests slightly developed; postorbital crests indistinct; external orbital angle poorly developed; epibranchial tooth indistinct; cervical grooves indistinct; mesogastric groove long, without bifurcation posteriorly; frontal median triangle incomplete with only dorsal margin visible; epistomal median lobe broadly triangular, lacking median tooth (Figure 6 A, B; Bott 1970: pl. 6, figs 60, 61; pl. 34, figs 33, 35). Chelipeds unequal. Ambulatory legs with fine bristles. Suture between thoracic sternites s 2 / s 3 indistinct or visible as a small groove and between s 3 / s 4 visible as grooves on sides only (Figures 6 C, 7 A; Bott 1970: pl. 6, fig. 62; pl. 34, fig. 34). Male abdomen short T-shaped; fifth abdominal somite much broader than long; sixth abdominal somite slightly broader than long, subequal in length to telson; telson short; male sternoabdominal cavity deep, long, extending beyond level of cheliped bases or even beyond level of third maxilliped bases (Figures 6 C, 7 B; Bott 1970: pl. 6, fig. 62; pl. 34, fig. 34). Exopods of first, second maxillipeds with long flagellum; exopod of third maxilliped lacking flagellum, exopod longer than ischium (Figure 7 D). G 1 short, stout with long terminal article (0.35 – 0.50 times length of subterminal segment); subterminal segment much broader than terminal article (Figure 7 E – G; see Bott 1970: pl. 27, fig. 27; pl. 34, fig. 36). G 2 short with very short or vestigial terminal article (Figure 7 H).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBBFF9EC1C7FBBFFE4CA6BE.taxon	discussion	Remarks Gubernatoriana is morphologically close to Ghatiana, new genus, but can be differentiated based on some significant external morphological characters (see Remarks for Ghatiana). This genus is distinguished from Snaha and Pilarta by the short terminal article of G 2 (Figure 7 H) (vs long terminal article of G 2) (Bahir and Yeo 2007: figs. 25 H, 27 G, 29 E). Gubernatoriana is distinguished from Inglethelphusa by the long third maxilliped exopod and short, stout G 1 (vs short third maxilliped exopod and long, narrow G 1) (Figure 7 D – F; Bott 1970: pl. 34, figs. 26, 28). Gubernatoriana escheri (Roux, 1931) was recently assigned to the genus Snaha, while Gubernatoriana nilgiriensis (Roux, 1931) and Gubernatoriana pusilla (Roux, 1931) were both transferred to the genus Vanni (Bahir and Yeo 2007; Ng et al. 2008). Gubernatoriana Bott, 1970, now consists of three species: Gubernatoriana gubernatoris (Alcock 1909), Gubernatoriana pilosipes (Alcock 1909), and Gubernatoriana triangulus sp. nov. Ecological notes These crabs are found in small streams, under small stones in high-altitude areas in Western Ghats of India (Pati and Sharma, unpublished data).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFBBFF9EC1C7FBBFFE4CA6BE.taxon	distribution	Distribution Northern Western Ghat Mountains (Maharashtra: Satara, Pune); Karnataka: North- Canara (Bott 1970).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFA4FF9DC1EFFA7AFBA4A07C.taxon	description	(Figures 6 A – C, 7 A – H, and 8 C)	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFA4FF9DC1EFFA7AFBA4A07C.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens Holotype: male (cw 12.52 mm, cl 10.60 mm, ch 6.28 mm, fw 5.22 mm), B. S. Lamba (ZSI, WRC-C. 1134), Dhobi Waterfall, Mahabaleshwar, Satara district, Maharashtra, India, 17 ° 56 ′ 8.484 ″ N, 73 ° 38 ′ 49.311 ″ E, alt. 1207 m; paratypes: 1 male (cw 9.00 mm, cl 7.40 mm, ch 4.12 mm, fw 3.54 mm), S. K. Pati (ZSI, WRC-C. 471), Bhaka Devi and vicinity, Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary, Pune district, Maharashtra, India, 19 ° 5 ′ 27.729 ″ N, 73 ° 32 ′ 7.8246 ″ E, alt. 955 m and 1 female (cw 9.34 mm, cl 7.24 mm, ch 3.92 mm, fw 3.54 mm), S. K. Pati (ZSI, WRC-C. 1087), Dongarwadi, Tahmini Ghat, Pune district, Maharashtra, India, 18 ° 29 ′ 4.8948 ″ N, 73 ° 24 ′ 53.8878 ″ E, alt. 593 m.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFA4FF9DC1EFFA7AFBA4A07C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Carapace squarish (cl / cw 0.76 – 0.78), highly arched anteriorly (ch / cl 0.59), less convex posteriorly; dorsal surface almost smooth; anterolateral margin short, smooth, cristiform; posterolateral margin with fine, oblique striations; frontal margin slightly concave medially; epigastric crests faint, flat, broad; postorbital crests indistinct; epibranchial tooth indistinct; branchial regions inflated; subhepatic region smooth; H-groove faint; frontal median triangle incomplete with only dorsal margin; epistomal median lobe broadly triangular, without median tooth (Figure 6 A, B). Suture between thoracic sternites s 2 / s 3 indistinct, suture between sternites s 3 / s 4 absent except for two short lateral grooves (Figures 6 C, 7 A). Male abdomen short, almost Tshaped; fifth abdominal somite much broader than long; sixth abdominal somite slightly broader than long, equal in length to telson; telson short, broadly triangular (Figure 7 B); male sternoabdominal cavity deep, long, extending beyond level of third maxilliped bases (Figure 6 C). Exopods of first, second maxillipeds with long flagellum; exopod of third maxilliped lacking flagellum (Figure 7 D). G 1 short, stout with long terminal article (0.5 times length of subterminal segment); terminal article slimmer than subterminal segment, slightly curved outward, tip pointed; subterminal segment almost triangular, basal half broader than distal half (Figure 7 E – G). G 2 short, terminal article very short (Figure 7 H).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFA4FF9DC1EFFA7AFBA4A07C.taxon	description	Description Carapace squarish, highly arched anteriorly (ch / cl 0.59), less convex posteriorly; dorsal surface almost smooth; anterolateral carapace inflated in frontal view; anterolateral margin short, smooth, cristiform; posterolateral margin with fine, oblique striations; front vertically deflexed, flat, square cut, wide (fw / cw 0.4); frontal margin slightly concave medially; epigastric crests faint, flat, broad; postorbital crests indistinct; external orbital angle poorly developed; epibranchial tooth indistinct; postorbital region flat; branchial regions inflated considerably; subhepatic region smooth; cervical grooves indistinct; mesogastric groove long, slightly extending into frontal region; H-groove faint; frontal median triangle incomplete with only dorsal margin; epistomal median lobe broadly triangular without median tooth (Figure 6 A, B). Chelipeds smooth, unequal; few small blunt teeth on anterior margin of major (left) chela; large gape between fingers of larger chela when tips in contact (Figure 7 C); fingers slightly shorter than palm; teeth on fingers of smaller chela small, blunt; carpal spine poorly developed, blunt; outer surface of merus rugose. Ambulatory legs (p 2 – p 5) long with bristles on margins of carpus, propodus, and dactylus; dactylus (p 4 and p 5) equal in length to propodus; longest propodus (p 3) almost three times as long as broad. Suture between thoracic sternites s 2 / s 3 indistinct, suture between sternites s 3 / s 4 absent except for two short deep lateral grooves (Figures 6 C, 7 A). Male abdomen short, almost T-shaped; fifth abdominal somite broader than long, lateral margins not parallel to each other; sixth abdominal somite broader than long, equal in length to telson, lateral margins convex; telson broadly triangular, length equal to proximal width (Figure 7 B); male sternoabdominal cavity deep, long, extending beyond level of third maxilliped bases (Figure 6 C). Exopods of first, second maxillipeds with long flagellum; exopod of third maxilliped lacking flagellum, longer than ischium; ventral sulcus on ischium indistinct, anterior external angle of merus right angled, depression on merus towards inner sides (Figure 7 D). Mandibular palp with two joints, terminal joint bilobed. G 1 short, stout with long terminal article (0.5 times length of subterminal segment); terminal article slimmer than subterminal segment, slightly curved outward, tip pointed; subterminal segment almost triangular, basal half distinctly broader than distal half (Figure 7 E – G). G 2 short with very short terminal article; proximal half of basal segment stout, broader than distal half (Figure 7 H). Colour Live crabs have a brown carapace, and yellowish brown chelipeds and ambulatory legs (Figure 8 C).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFA4FF9DC1EFFA7AFBA4A07C.taxon	etymology	Etymology In Latin triangulus means triangular, referring to the triangular shape of the G 1 subterminal segment. Used as noun in apposition.	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFA4FF9DC1EFFA7AFBA4A07C.taxon	discussion	Remarks Gubernatoriana triangulus sp. nov. is similar to both G. gubernatoris and G. pilosipes in carapace morphology. Differences between these three taxa include the carapace height, which in G. triangulus is more inflated in the branchial regions than in the other two species, a smooth subhepatic region in G. triangulus (vs a rugose subhepatic region), a male sternoabdominal cavity extending beyond the level of the third maxilliped bases in G. triangulus (vs a male sternoabdominal cavity not extending beyond the level of cheliped bases) (Figure 6 A, C; Bott 1970: pl. 6, figs. 61, 62; pl. 34, figs. 33, 34). The G 1 subterminal segment of G. triangulus is triangular in appearance i. e. basal half distinctly stouter than distal half (vs basal one-third slightly broader than distal two-thirds in G. gubernatoris and basal two-thirds slightly broader than distal one-third in G. pilosipes) (Figure 7 E, F; Bott 1970: pl. 27, fig. 27; pl. 34, fig. 36). Ecological notes Specimens were found in the Western Ghat Mountains, India, along the small stream banks, in small water bodies, and under small stones. This species is very active especially during the rainy season (from June to September) (Pati and Sharma, unpublished data).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
A84B0500FFA4FF9DC1EFFA7AFBA4A07C.taxon	distribution	Distribution Northern Western Ghats (Satara and Pune).	en	Pati, S. K., Sharma, R. M. (2014): Description of Ghatiana, a new genus of freshwater crab, with two new species and a new species of Gubernatoriana (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) from the Western Ghat Mountains, India. Journal of Natural History 48 (21): 1279-1298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.859315
