taxonID	type	description	language	source
AF67D207FFC3FFAFFF14FC9BFA6BA7EE.taxon	materials_examined	Type species Eunice aphroditois (Pallas, 1788)	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC3FFAFFF14FC9BFA6BA7EE.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Fauchald (1977) recorded 170 species belonging to the genus. This species checklist has been expanded since with new combinations and new species (Miura 1977, 1986, 1987; Amoureux 1977; Orensanz 1990; Hanley 1986; Fauchald 1992; León-González 1988; Lechapt 1992; Carrera-Parra & Salazar-Vallejo 1998, 2011; Hartmann-Schröder & Zibrowius 1998; Lu & Fauchald 1998, 2000; Zanol et al. 2000; Nogueira et al. 2001; León- González et al. 2004; Ardila et al. 2005; Imajima 2006; Wu et al. 2013 a, b). At present, the total number of known species for the genus exceeds 250 (Fauchald & Bellan 2013). The present study adds four more species to the list.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC3FFAAFF14FB32FF23A7D8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Taiwan: One specimen (NMNS 2572 - 112), Wunzihkeng (25 ° 02´31 ˝ N, 121 ° 55´47 ˝ E), New Taipei, rocky intertidal, March 12, 1989; one specimen (NMNS 2572 - 117), Houbihu Fish Port (21 ° 57´26 ˝ N, 120 ° 45´32 ˝ E), Pingtung County, subtidal hard-bottom, 4 m deep, July 25, 1989; one specimen (NMNS 6990 - 2), Bali (25 ° 10´17 ˝ N, 121 ° 24´02 ˝ E), New Taipei city, subtidal hard-bottom, 31 m deep, August 8, 2011.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC3FFAAFF14FB32FF23A7D8.taxon	description	Description. Incomplete specimen (NMNS 2572 - 112), sex unknown, total body length 51 mm, with 82 chaetigers; maximum width at chaetiger 23, about 2.9 mm; length through chaetiger 10, about 5.6 mm; chaetiger 10 width, about 2.3 mm. Prostomium distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, less than 1 / 2 as deep as peristomium, prostomial lobes anterior round, dorsally inflated separated by deep median and transverse sulcus, giving fourlobes appearance (Fig. 2 A – B). Eyes present, situated posteriorly to base of palps, rounded and black. Prostomial palps and antennae arranged in semicircle, almost evenly spaced, similar in thickness; palpophores and ceratophores ring-shaped, without articulations; palpostyles and ceratostyles tapering, with articulations; median antenna (A-II) 28 articulations, left antenna (A-I) 27 articulations, right antenna (A-III) 17 articulations, left palp 10 articulations, right palp 12 articulations; A-II to chaetiger 6, A-I and A-III to chaetiger 5, palps reaching middle posterior peristomium. Peristomial cirri long and tapering, reaching over middle peristomium, with articulations (Fig. 2 A – B). Maxillary formula: 1 + 1, 5 + 7, 8 + 0, 4 + 10, 1 + 1; MxIII long, partially covered by MxII (Fig. 2 C); mandibles flat (Fig. 2 D). Branchiae present, pectinate, distinctly longer than dorsal cirri (Fig. 2 E), first present on chaetiger 5 and finish on chaetiger 82; branchial filament bimodal distribution, chaetiger 5 with single filament, reaching maximum 13 filaments between chaetiger 10 to chaetiger 13, chaetiger 7 to 23 with over 10 filaments, median body reduced to 3 to 4 filaments, increases to 6 filaments at chaetiger 73 to chaetiger 82. Branchial filaments as long as dorsal cirri, tapering (Fig. 2 F). Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes distally rounded; aciculae emerging above midline; prechaetal lobes low, transverse folds, postchaetal lobes truncate. First 6 to 7 ventral cirri bases without inflation, digitiform; median thick, swollen laterally, bases slightly inflated, posterior ventral cirri short, digitiform, without inflation. Dorsal cirri tapering, with articulations (Fig. 2 E – F). Limbate chaetae elongate, longest of all chaetae, marginally serrated (Fig. 2 G). Pectinate chaetae furled, flaring, marginal teeth heterodont, 12 inner teeth (Fig. 2 H). Shafts of compound falcigers distally inflated, beaklike, marginally serrated; appendages tapering, bidentate, proximal tooth sharp triangle, about perpendicular to axis of appendage, smaller than distal tooth on anterior segments, about equal to distal tooth on posterior segments; distal tooth scimitar-shaped; both proximal and distal tooth directed laterally (Fig. 2 I); guards marginally serrated, without mucros; pseudo-compound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae yellow, straight, distally tapering and rounded, cross-sections rounded, two per chaetiger (Fig. 2 J); separation between core and sheath indistinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks yellow, tridentate, present from chaetiger 25 to last chaetiger, single per chaetiger; shafts of hooks straight, subdistally tapering; proximal tooth triangle, distally blunt, directed laterally, distinctly larger than the other two teeth; distal tooth triangle, directed laterally; guards covering only proximal tooth, internal striations present (Fig. 2 K).	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC3FFAAFF14FB32FF23A7D8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Eunice annulicirrata is assigned to the C- 2 group (sensu Fauchald 1970). It is characterized by having: 1) moniliform prostomial antennae and palps, 2) bimodal distribution of branchial filaments, 3) the presence of moniliform dorsal cirri, and 4) tapering and distally rounded aciculae (Miura 1986: 294 – 297, figs 22 – 23). The present specimens agree well with the original description.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC6FFA9FF14FB2FFDF6A4C6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Taiwan: Two specimens (NMNS 2572 - 122, NMNS 6992 - 1), Dawen (21 ° 57´22 ˝ N, 120 ° 45´17 ˝ E), Pingtung County, subtidal hard-bottom, 4 – 6 m deep, August 14, 1996; one specimen (NMNS 2572 - 120), Houdaizi (23 ° 21´52 ˝ N, 119 ° 33´11 ˝ E), Penghu County, intertidal hard-bottom, June 15, 1994; one specimen (NMNS 2572 - 115 - 1), Kenting (21 ° 56´29 ˝ N, 120 ° 47´53 ˝ E), Pingtung County, intertidal hard-bottom, August 22, 1995; seven specimens (NMNS 6992 - 2 ~ 3, NMNS 6992 - 9 ~ 11, NMNS 6992 - 13 ~ 15), Jihuei (23 ° 06´52 ˝ N, 121 ° 24´11 ˝ E), Taitung County, intertidal algal and coral mixed reefs, October 14, 2007, December 5, 2009, August 8, 23, 27, 2010 and October 9, 2010, respectively; five specimens (NMNS 6992 - 4 ~ 5, NMNS 6992 - 6 ~ 8), Wanlitong (21 ° 59´45 ˝ N, 120 ° 42´12 ˝ E), Pingtung County, intertidal coral reefs, December 14 – 15, 2010 and March 15, 2008, respectively; one specimen (NMNS 6992 - 12), Shitiping (23 ° 28´58 ˝ N, 121 ° 30´46 ˝ E), Hualien County, rocky intertidal, August 27, 2010.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC6FFA9FF14FB2FFDF6A4C6.taxon	description	Description. Complete specimen (NMNS 6992 - 12), sex unknown, total body length 237 mm, with 304 chaetigers; maximum width at chaetiger 26, about 5.0 mm; length through chaetiger 10, about 17.6 mm; chaetiger 10 width, about 4.5 mm. Three anal cirri present, elongate and tapering, without articulations; superior anal cirrus longer and broader at base than inferior cirri (Fig. 3 D). Prostomium distinctly shorter than peristomium, about equal width and less than 1 / 2 as deep as peristomium, prostomial lobes anteriorly rounded, dorsally flattenned, separated by deep median groove (Fig. 3 A, C). Eyes present, situated posteriorly to base of palps, rounded and black. Prostomial palps and antennae arranged in semicircular, median antenna isolated by gap, similar in thickness; palpophores and ceratophores bases ring-shaped, without articulations; palpostyles and ceratostyles digitiform, distally tapering, with inconspicuous articulations; A-II 12 articulations, A-I 9 articulations, A-III 10 articulations, both palps 4 articulations; A-II to chaetiger 1, AI and A-III to posterior peristomium, palps reaching middle of anterior peristomium. Peristomial cirri tapering and reaching middle anterior peristomium, without articulations (Fig. 3 A – C). Maxillary formula: 1 + 1, 4 + 4, 5 + 0, 4 + 5, 1 + 1; MxII teeth more robust than teeth on MxIII and MxIV (Fig. 3 E); mandibles flat (Fig. 3 F). Branchiae present, pectinate, distinctly longer than dorsal cirri (Fig. 3 H), first present on chaetiger 16 to chaetiger 288, terminating before posterior body, over 65 % of all chaetigers branchiate; branchial filament single modal distribution, chaetiger 16 and last 19 chaetigers with single filament (Fig. 3 G), reaching maximum of 7 filaments between chaetiger 27 and chaetiger 42, followed by 6 filaments at chaetiger 25 and chaetiger 43 to 52, filament number declines after chaetiger 52. Branchial filaments longer than dorsal cirri, tapering (Fig. 3 H). Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes distally rounded, acicular lobes truncated at middle segments and triangle at posterior segments; aciculae emerging above midline; prechaetal lobes truncate, postchaetal lobes rounded. First 6 to 7 ventral cirri bases without inflation, digitiform; median base ovate inflated; posterior base, digitiform, without inflation. First 10 dorsal cirri digitiform, narrow at base, elongate and tapering thereafter, without articulations (Fig. 3 G – H). Limbate chaetae elongate, longest of all chaetae, marginally smooth, internal striations present (Fig. 3 I). Pectinate chaetae furled, flaring, marginal teeth heterodont, 16 – 20 inner teeth (Fig. 3 J). Chaetigers before the presence of branchiae with about 20 compound falcigers, reducing to 5 compound falcigers on posterior segments; shafts of compound falcigers distal slightly inflated, tapering, beak-like, marginally serrated, internal striations present; appendages broad and robust, tapering, bidentate; proximal tooth sharp triangle, almost perpendicular to axis of appendage, smaller than distal tooth at anterior segments, about equal to distal tooth at posterior segments, distal tooth scimitar-shaped, both proximal and distal tooth directed laterally (Fig. 3 K); guards marginally serrated, without mucros; pseudo-compound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae straight, distally tapering, cross-sections rounded; first 19 chaetigers with paired aciculae, light brown, single acicula thereafter, brown; separation between core and sheath distinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks brown, bidentate, present from chaetiger 25 to last chaetiger, single per chaetiger; shafts of hooks straight, distally tapering; proximal and distal tooth about equal, distally blunt, directed anterolaterally, separated by small gap (Fig. 3 L – M).	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC6FFA9FF14FB2FFDF6A4C6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This eunicid species is easily identified by its unique flattenned body shape and possession of a large bundle of falcigers on the anterior chaetigers, which is often seen in the genus Marphysa Quatrefages, 1865 (Grube 1877: 530; Fauchald 1986: 248, 1992: 121; Imajima 2007: 329). Other morphological characters of this species, such as absence of articulation on palps and antennae of the prostomium, shape of compound falcigers, limbate and pectinate chaetae, colouration and shape of aciculae and subacicular hooks, mostly agree with Fauchald (1986: 248, Figs. 29 – 34, 1992: 121, Fig. 38 a – i) and Imajima (2007: 328 – 329, Fig. 96 a – p), with exception of the number of anal cirri (Fig. 3). Imajima (2007: 328 – 9, Fig. 96 i) reported two anal cirri, but our specimens have 3 anal cirri (Fig. 3 D). As in many congeners, morphological characters such as the chaetiger on which the branchiae first appeared, maximum number of branchial filament, chaetiger number on which the first subacicular hooks occurs, etc., in E. dilatata are considered variable features (Miura 1986; Fauchald 1986, 1992; Lu & Fauchald 1998). Our material of E. dilatata, also exhibits no significant positive correlation of the above-mentioned parameters with body size (Fig. 4). This species was previously only recorded from south of the equator Ocean (Timor, Indonesia, around 10 ° S) (Grube 1877; Fauchald 1986, 1992). The Northern Hemisphere distribution was only recently reported, ranging from Nii-jima, Izu Islands (about 34 ° 26´N) to Iriomote, Okinawa Islands (24 ° 18´N) (Imajima 2007). This species was collected from sites scattered on rocky coasts in Taiwan and Penghu islands, ranging from 23 ° 28´N to 21 ° 57´N (Fig. 1), which may be considered as a southward extension of the southern Japan distribution. Additional collecting from Southeast Asian waters, including Philippines, Borneo and Sulawesi, Indonesia may or may not confirm this disjunct distribution.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCAFFA6FF14FF4CFDF8A4CA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Taiwan: Holotype (NMNS 6993), Jihuei (23 ° 06´53 ˝ N, 121 ° 24´11 ˝ E), Taitung County, intertidal algal and coral mixed reefs, October 14, 2007.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCAFFA6FF14FF4CFDF8A4CA.taxon	description	Description. Complete specimen, sex unknown, total body length 22.0 mm with 69 chaetigers; maximum width at chaetiger 1 about 0.8 mm; length through chaetiger 10 about 3.4 mm; chaetiger 10 width about 0.7 mm. Paired anal cirri present, elongate and tapering, without articulations (Fig. 5 C). Body anterior rounded, compressed after chaetiger 6 to posterior region, tapering towards pygidium (Fig. 5 A). Prostomium distinctly shorter than peristomium, about as wide as peristomium, more than 1 / 2 as deep as peristomium, prostomial lobes anteriorly round, dorsally inflated separated by deep median sulcus. Eyes present, situated posteriorly to base of palps, rounded and black. Prostomial antennae and palps arranged in semicircle, almost evenly spaced, similar in thickness; palpophores and ceratophores bases ring-shaped, without articulations; palpostyles and ceratostyles tapering, wrinkled surface, without articulations. A-II reaching posterior margin of anterior ring of peristomium, A-I and III and palps to anterior margin of peristomium. Peristomial cirri short and tapering, about half-length of peristomium, surface wrinkled, without articulations (Fig. 5 B). Maxillary formula: 1 + 1, 4 + 5, 7 + 0, 4 + 9, 1 + 1; MxIII long, partially covered by MxII; mandibles flat. Branchiae present, single filament, distinctly longer than dorsal cirri (Fig. 5 D), first present on chaetiger 13 and absent by chaetiger 51, representing 57 % of all chaetigers. Acicular neuropodial lobes distally rounded; aciculae emerging above midline; prechaetal and postchaetal lobes truncate. First five ventral cirri short, digitiform, no inflation at base, chaetiger 6 to chaetiger 28 with inflated bases ovate, tips button-shaped, thereafter short, digitiform. Dorsal cirri short, surface wrinkled, without articulations (Fig. 5 C). Limbate chaetae slender, longest among all chaetae, marginally smooth (Fig. 5 E); pectinate chaetae furled and flaring, with elongated marginal tooth on each side, 12 to 20 inner teeth (Fig. 5 E – F). Shafts of compound falcigers slender, distally inflated, beak-like, marginally serrated, internal striations present (Fig. 5 G); appendages tapering, bidentate; proximal tooth isosceles triangle, perpendicular to appendage; distal tooth about equal to proximal tooth at anterior segments, distinctly smaller than proximal tooth at posterior segments; guards distally symmetrically rounded, cutting edge finely serrated, without mucros (Fig. 5 G); pseudo-compound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae light yellow, distally blunt, cross-section round, single per chaetiger; separation of acicular cores and sheaths indistinct (Fig. 5 H). Subacicular hooks light yellow, bidentate; present from chaetiger 12 (right body side) or chaetiger 14 (left body side) to last chaetiger, single per chaetiger; shafts of hooks straight, slightly inflated subdistally; proximal tooth acute angle triangle, nearly perpendicular to appendage, distinctly larger than distal tooth; guards large, distally truncate, covering distal head entirely, internal striations present (Fig. 5 I).	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCAFFA6FF14FF4CFDF8A4CA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is derived from the name of village where the animal was collected.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCAFFA6FF14FF4CFDF8A4CA.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Jihuei, Taitung County, Taiwan. Habitat. Intertidal areas of algal and coral mixed reefs.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCAFFA6FF14FF4CFDF8A4CA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCAFFA6FF14FF4CFDF8A4CA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The present species could be assigned to the A- 3 group, with flavus-bidentate subacicular hooks and branchiae occurred between chaetiger 13 and chaetiger 51 which is less than 65 % of the total chaetiger number (sensu Fauchald 1970, 1992). However, this group has never previously been reported for the genus Eunice (Hartman 1944; Miura 1977, 1986, 1987; Fauchald 1970, 1986, 1992; Hanley 1986; Leon-Gonzalez 1988; Carrera- Parra & Salazar-Vallejo 1998, 2011; Hartmann-Schröder 1998; Hartmann-Schröder & Zibrowius 1998; Lu & Fauchald 1998, 2000; Zanol et al. 2000; Nogueira et al. 2001; Leon-Gonzalez et al. 2004; Ardila et al. 2005; Imajima 2006, 2007; Wu et al. 2013 a, b). A possibility is that our specimen is too small to have developed adult features. However, it has peristomial cirri and therefore is not considered as a juvenile stage (Nogueira et al. 2001; Zanol et al. 2014). Nogueira et al. (2001) examined Eunice (= Nicidion) insularis (Nogueira, Steiner & Amaral, 2001), a eunicid with single or no branchiae, and noted that younger specimens of the species lack peristomial cirri, but are identical to the larger specimens with regards to all other features. Thus, at least for species with few branchial filaments, the branchial distribution pattern observed for this new species, we suggest is valid for all sized individuals of this species.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC8FFA2FF14FF4CFAA8A1B5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Taiwan: Holotype (NMNS 6695), Jihuei (23 ° 06´53 ˝ N, 121 ° 24´11 ˝ E), Taitung County, intertidal algal and coral mixed reefs, August 22, 2010; paratypes: two specimens (NMNS 2572 - 113, 113 - 1), Wunzihkeng (25 ° 02´31 ˝ N, 121 ° 55´47 ˝ E), New Taipei, intertidal hard-bottom, March 12, 1989; one specimen (NMNS 2572 - 111), Dawen (21 ° 57´23 ˝ N, 120 ° 45´17 ˝ E), Pingtung County, subtidal hard-bottom, 4 – 6 m deep, August 14, 1996; one specimen (NMNS 2572 - 118), Houbihu Fish Port (21 ° 57´26 ˝ N, 120 ° 45´32 ˝ E), Pingtung County, subtidal hard-bottom, 4 m deep, June 25, 1989.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC8FFA2FF14FF4CFAA8A1B5.taxon	description	Description. Holotype, complete specimen, sex unknown, 255 mm long with 255 chaetigers; maximum width about 6.0 mm at chaetiger 18; length through chaetiger 10 about 17.5 mm. Anterior body slightly compressed dorsoventrally, dorsum reticulated with iridescence on both sides (Fig. 6 A – B), posterior body cylindrical without reticulation, becoming pale, tapering to the end. Paired anal cirri present, short, ovate, without articulations (Fig. 6 C). Prostomium distinctly shorter than peristomium, equal in width and about 1 / 2 as deep as peristomium; prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally flattenned, median sulcus deep (Fig. 6 A – B). Eyes present, situated posteriorly to base of palps, ovate and purple red. Palps and antennae arranged in semicircle, similar in thickness, median antenna isolated by gap; palpophore and ceratophore bases short cylindrical, with indistinct ring; palpostyles and ceratostyles digitiform; A-I, A-II and A-III with 7 indistinct cylindrical articulations, left palps 6 articulations and right 4 articulations; A-II reaching chaetiger 1, A-II to posterior peristomium, palps to middle of anterior peristomial ring. Peristomium lower lip distinctly muscular; separation between rings distinct all around, anterior peristomium about 2 / 3 of total peristomial length, peristomial cirri tapering, without articulations, brown band present subdistally in larger specimen (Fig. 6 O). Maxillary formula: 1 + 1, 4 – 5 + 4 – 5, 6 – 8 + 0, 3 – 4 + 6 – 7, 1 + 1; MxIII located at front end part of distal arc with left MxIV (Fig. 6 D); mandibles flat (Fig. 6 E). Branchiae present, pectinate, distinctly longer than dorsal cirri, not reduced in mid-body region (Fig. 6 F – G). Branchiae present from chaetiger 5 to chaetiger 75, representing about 23 % of chaetigers branchiate; anterior and last 10 pairs with single filament; most branchiae between chaetiger 12 to chaetiger 45 with 15 to 18 filaments, chaetiger 31 with maximum 21 filaments; branchial filaments tapering, shorter than dorsal cirri, similar in thickness to dorsal cirri. Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes rounded, acicular lobes transverse folds at middle segments and triangle at posterior segments (Fig. 6 F – H); aciculae emerging above midline; prechaetal lobes low, transverse folds, postchaetal lobes projected as free lobes at anterior segments and becoming truncate at posterior segments. First seven ventral cirri bases without inflation, digitiform; median ventral cirri thick, swollen laterally, bases slightly inflated; posterior ventral cirri short, digitiform, without inflation. Dorsal cirri tapering, without articulations, brown bands present subdistally at anterior body in large specimen (Fig. 6 O). Limbate chaetae elongate, longer than all other chaetae, marginally serrated. Pectinate chaetae furled, flaring, marginal teeth heterodont, 18 inner teeth (Fig. 6 I). Shafts of compound falcigers distally inflated, beak-like, marginally serrated; appendages tapering, bidentate; proximal tooth triangle, perpendicular to axis of appendage, distinctly smaller than distal tooth at anterior segments, about equal to distal tooth at posterior segments; distal tooth scimitar-shaped, both proximal and distal tooth directed laterally (Fig. 6 J); guards marginally serrated, without mucros; asymmetrical on anterior segments, distally blunt; symmetrical on posterior segments, distally blunt; pseudo-compound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae dark brown, distally blunt, crosssections round; chaetiger 1 to chaetiger 45 with paired aciculae, thereafter single per chaetiger; separation between core and sheath distinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks (Fig. 6 K). Subacicular hooks dark brown, bidentate, present from chaetiger 30 to last chaetiger, most with one per chaetiger, some chaetigers with two hooks; shafts of hooks straight, subdistally tapering; proximal tooth triangle, distally blunt, directed laterally, distinctly larger than distal tooth; distal tooth triangle, directed laterally; guards ginkgo leaf-like, covering only proximal tooth (Fig. 6 L).	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC8FFA2FF14FF4CFAA8A1B5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is derived from the reticulate pattern on dorsum of the worm.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC8FFA2FF14FF4CFAA8A1B5.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Jihuei, Taitung County, Taiwan. Habitat. Intertidal and subtidal areas of algal and coral mixed reefs.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC8FFA2FF14FF4CFAA8A1B5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from Taiwan, occurs on northeastern, eastern and southern coasts of Taiwan.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFC8FFA2FF14FF4CFAA8A1B5.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This new species belongs to the B- 1 group (sensu Fauchald 1970). The presence of articulations on the prostomial appendages and lack of articulations on either peristomial or parapodia dorsal cirri, aligns the new species to one species in the group, namely Eunice rosaurae Monro, 1939 (Miura 1987: 1 – 4, Figs. 1 – 2; Fauchald 1992: 350, Table 25; Carrera-Parra & Salazar-Vallejo 1998: 162 – 163, Fig. 5 H – M). However, several characters can be used to separate the former species from the new species. Eunice rosaurae is different from Eunice reticulata sp. nov., by having: 1) moniliform prostomial appendages, 2) single filament branchiae, 3) flat and tapering pectinate chaetae with 10 inner teeth, 4) appendages of compound falcigers with relative small bidentate head, and 5) tridentate or distally fused bidentate subacicular hooks (Fauchald 1992: 287, Fig. 961 – p), in comparison to: 1) cylindrical articulated prostomial appendages, 2) pectinate branchiae, 3) furled and flaring pectinate chaetae with 18 inner teeth, 4) appendages of compound falcigers with relative large bidentate head, and 5) bidentate subacicular hooks of the new species (Fig. 6 A – L). The reticulate pattern and iridescence on the dorsum of the anterior body of Eunice reticulata sp. nov., as well as the brown bands on the prostomial appendages and parapodia dorsal cirri, vary with size. Smaller specimens often have smooth dorsum throughout the body. The reticulate pattern and iridescence on anterior dorsum gradually appear on medium sized specimens and become obvious on large specimens; the same type of ontogenetic change occurs also on the colour bands on prostomial appendages and dorsal cirri (Fig. 6 M – O).	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCEFFA0FF14FCC4FE55A0B0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Taiwan: Holotype (NMNS 6696 - 1), Shihmen (25 ° 17´50 ˝ N, 121 ° 34´11 ˝ E), New Taipei, intertidal algal reef, October 31, 2003; paratypes: one specimen (NMNS 6696 - 2), Shihmen, New Taipei, intertidal algal reef, October 31, 2003; three specimens (NMNS 6696 - 3), Jihuei (23 ° 06´53 ˝ N, 121 ° 24´11 ˝ E), Taitung County, intertidal algal and coral mixed reefs, October 7, 2010.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCEFFA0FF14FCC4FE55A0B0.taxon	description	Description. Holotype, incomplete specimen, sex unknown, 12 mm in length for 53 chaetigers; maximum width 0.9 mm at chaetiger 15; length through chaetiger 10 about 3.0 mm, width at chaetiger 10 about 0. 8 mm; paratype, complete specimen but distorted, 37 mm in length for 131 chaetigers; maximum width 0.9 mm at chaetiger 15; length through chaetiger 10 about 2.4 mm, width at chaetiger 10 about 0.9 mm. Paired anal cirri present, short and slender, without articulations. Prostomium equals in length and width to peristomium, about 1 / 2 as deep as peristomium, prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally flattened, median sulcus shallow (Fig. 7 A – B). Eyes present, posterior to base of palps, triangle and brick red. Prostomial appendages arranged in semicircle, median antennae isolated by gap, all similar in thickness; palpophores and ceratophores bases ring-shaped, not articulated; palpostyles and ceratostyles rodlike, with evenly spaced surface wrinkles but without articulations; A-II reaching chaetiger 1, A-I and II to middle of posterior peristomial ring, and palps to anterior margin of posterior peristomial ring. Peristomium anterior inflated, lower lip muscular; separation between rings distinct dorsally and ventrally, indistinct for a short distance laterally; anterior ring about 2 / 3 of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri ovate, reaching middle of anterior peristomial ring, without articulations (Fig. 7 A). Maxillary formula: 1 + 1, 5 + 5, 7 + 0, 5 + 8, 1 + 1 in paratype; mandibles flat. Branchiae absent. Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes rounded; aciculae emerge above midline; prechaetal lobes truncate, postchaetal lobes rounded (Fig. 7 C). First 5 ventral cirri short, digitiform, basally inflated from chaetiger 6 to chaetiger 29, posterior ventral cirri short button-shaped. Dorsal cirri slender, distally tapering, without articulations, shorter on median segments. Limbate chaetae elongate, longer than all other chaetae, marginally smooth (Fig. 7 D). Pectinate chaetae flat, flaring, with one elongate marginal tooth, about 8 – 12 inner teeth (Fig. 7 D, G). Shafts of compound falcigers subdistally bent, distal inflated, marginally serrated; appendages wide at base, large bidentate head; proximal tooth isosceles triangle, larger than distal tooth, nearly at right angle to the axis of appendage, distal tooth directed obliquely; guards bullet-shaped, distally blunt, cutting edge serrated, without mucros, internal striations present (Fig. 7 E – F); pseudo-compound falcigers absent. Aciculae light brown at anterior segments, amber at posterior segments; thick and straight, tapering, distally blunt, cross-sections rounded, single per segment; separation between core and sheath indistinct at anterior segments, distinct on posterior segments. Subacicular hooks brown, with large bidentate head, present from chaetiger 28 to last chaetiger, single per chaetiger; shafts of hooks Sshaped; proximal tooth twice as large as distal tooth; proximal tooth triangle, forming a right angle to axis of shaft, distal tooth directed obliquely; separation between core and sheath distinct; guards large, distally truncate, covering distal head entirely, internal striations present (Fig. 7 H – I).	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCEFFA0FF14FCC4FE55A0B0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is derived from the name of village where the species was first collected.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCEFFA0FF14FCC4FE55A0B0.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Shihmen, New Taipei, Taiwan. Habitat. Intertidal areas of algal reefs or algal and coral mixed reefs.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCEFFA0FF14FCC4FE55A0B0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from Taiwan, occurs on northwestern and eastern coasts of Taiwan.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCEFFA0FF14FCC4FE55A0B0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Of known abranchiate eunicids, a recently transferred Eunice (= Nicidion) cariboea (Grube, 1856) (Zanol et al. 2014) is most similar to Eunice shihmenensis sp. nov. However, differences in the shape of compound falciger and subacicular hook, and the form of aciculae separate these two species. Fauchald (1992) noted that: 1) shafts of compound falcigers in E. (= Nicidion) cariboea are straight and distally inflated, with very small bidentate head appendages; proximal tooth is shorter than distal tooth, and proximal tooth is directed obliquely and distal tooth points upright (Fauchald 1992: 97, Fig. 29 j, p), 2) aciculae of E. (= Nicidion) cariboea are bluntly pointed and with mucronate guard (Fauchald 1992: 97, Fig. 29 i), and 3) subacicular hooks of E. (= Nicidion) cariboea are distally curved with large bidentate head, with both teeth strongly curved and directed laterally with proximal tooth about twice as large as distal tooth (Fauchald 1992: 97, Fig. 29 m, o). In comparison, shafts of compound falcigers on E. shihmenensis sp. nov., are subdistally curved and strongly inflated distally with large bidentate head; proximal tooth is slightly larger than distal tooth, and proximal tooth directs perpendicular to the axis of the appendage and distal tooth directs obliquely (Fig. 7 E – F). Moreover, aciculae and shafts of subacicular hooks in E. shihmenensis sp. nov., are distally blunt but without mucronate guards and S-shaped, respectively (Fig. 7 H – I).	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCCFFBFFF14FBD5FC2AA74E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype (NMNS 6896 - 001), Jihuei (23 ° 06´53 ˝ N, 121 ° 24´11 ˝ E), Taitung County, intertidal algal and coral mixed reef, August 23, 2010; paratypes: three specimens (NMNS 6896 - 005, 006 ~ 007), Jihuei (23 ° 06´53 ˝ N, 121 ° 24´11 ˝ E), Taitung County, intertidal algal and coral mixed reef, October 18, 2009 and August 22, 2010, respectively; three specimens (NMNS 6896 - 012 ~ 013; AM W 45884), Wanlitong (21 ° 59´46 ˝ N, 120 ° 42´12 ˝ E), Pingtung County, intertidal coral reef, November 13, 2009; three specimens (NMNS 6896 - 0014 ~ 016), Jialulan, Taitung County, rocky intertidal, August 11 – 12, 2010; one specimen (NMNS 6896 - 017), Shanyuan (22 ° 50´19 ˝ N, 121 ° 11´19 ˝ E), Taitung County, intertidal algal reef, August 23, 2010; two specimens (NMNS 6896 - 018; AM W 45885), Shitiping (23 ° 28´59 ˝ N, 121 ° 30´47 ˝ E), Hualien County, rocky intertidal, August 27, 2010; seven specimens (NMNS 6896 - 002 ~ 004, 008 ~ 011), Jihuei (23 ° 06´53 ˝ N, 121 ° 24´11 ˝ E), Taitung County, intertidal algal and coral mixed reef, October 14, 2007 and August 23, 2010, respectively.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCCFFBFFF14FBD5FC2AA74E.taxon	description	Description. Holotype, female with egg, complete specimen but broken in three parts, 561 mm in length for 633 chaetigers; maximum width 4.1 mm at chaetiger 53; length through chaetiger 10 about 9.7 mm, width at chaetiger 10 about 3.6 mm; one pair anal cirri, slender tapering, without articulations. Prostomium distinctly shorter than peristomium, equal width and about 1 / 2 as deep as peristomium, prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally flattened, median sulcus deep (Fig. 8 A – C). Eyes present, situated posteriorly to base of palps, ovate and greyish purple. Palps and antennae thick, arranged in a semicircle, median antennae separated from lateral antennae; palpophores and ceratophores base short cylindrical, wide than long, with one indistinct ring-shaped articulation; palpostyles and ceratostyles slender tapering, surface with numerous papillae, without articulations; A-I, A-II and A-III similar length, palps distinctly shorter than antennae; A-II reaching to chaetiger 2, A-I and A-III to chaetiger 1, palps to posterior margin of anterior peristomial ring. Peristomium inflated anteriorly, lower lip muscular; separation between rings distinct dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring about 3 / 4 of total peristomial length; peristomial cirri tapering, without articulations, reaching middle of anterior peristomial ring (Fig. 8 A – C). Maxillary formula: 1 + 1, 6 + 5, 6 + 0, 3 + 8, 1 + 1; Maxillary teeth short, MxIII located at front-end part of distal arc with left MxIV (Fig. 8 D); mandibles flat (Fig. 8 E). Branchiae present, pectinate (Fig. 8 G), present from chaetiger 77 to chaetiger 630, representing more than 65 % of chaetigers branchiate; 1 st to 6 th and the last pairs of branchiae with single filament, maximum 6 filaments present from about chaetiger 133 – 304, not reduced in mid-body region; branchial stems erect, flexible, filaments slender, distinctly longer than dorsal cirri (Fig. 8 G). Anterior neuropodial acicular lobes bilobed, upper lobes distally rounded, lower lobes obliquely truncate (Fig. 8 F), median and posterior acicular lobes not bilobed, triangular aciculae emerging above midline (Fig. 8 M); prechaetal lobes small, transverse folds; anterior postchaetal lobes small, folds following outline of acicular lobes, posterior postchaetal lobes small, transverse folds at middle and posterior segments. First five ventral cirri digitiform, subsequently basally strongly inflated to about chaetiger 133, inflated bases thick, transverse welts, narrow tips short and button-shaped; inflated bases becoming ovate to spherical by chaetiger 134, basal inflation gradually reduced on subsequent chaetigers, becoming slender and digitiform on posterior chaetigers. Anterior dorsal cirri tapering, posterior dorsal cirri slender tapering, all without articulations (Fig. 8 F – G). Limbate chaetae elongate, longer than all other chaetae, narrow, marginally serrated, internal striations present (Fig. 8 H). Pectinate chaetae furled, flaring; shafts slender, surface pilose, one marginal teeth heterodont, 12 – 14 inner teeth (Fig. 8 I). Compound spinigers present from chaetiger 1 to chaetiger 83; shafts slightly inflated, marginally serrated, internal striations present (Fig. 8 K); appendages thick, knife-shaped, proximal nearly parallel sides, distal slightly curved, length / width ratio (n = 4) about 4.06. Compound falcigers replacing compound spinigers from about chaetiger 83; shafts distally inflated, marginally serrated (Fig. 8 L); appendages small, short, length / width ratio (n = 4) is about 3.83, with nearly parallel sides, tapering and distinct heads, bidentate; proximal tooth larger than distal tooth, triangular, directed laterally; distal tooth gently curved; guards almost symmetrically rounded, marginal serrations and internal striations present, without mucros (Fig. 8 L); pseudo-compound falcigers absent. Aciculae light brown to black on anterior segments, amber on posterior segments, thick and straight, tapering with blunt tip, cross-sections rounded, not mucronate (Fig. 8 M), paired aciculae present from chaetiger 1 to 45, on subsequent chaetigers only one present; core and sheath distinctly separated in aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks yellow, bidentate, about as thick as aciculae (Fig. 8 N), present from chaetiger 71 to last chaetiger, single in chaetigers 71 to 78 and 261 to 633, paired in chaetigers 79 to 260; shafts of hooks straight, distally tapering; proximal tooth larger than distal tooth, triangle, directed laterally; distal tooth directed obliquely; guards covering only proximal tooth or both teeth (Fig. 8 N).	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCCFFBFFF14FBD5FC2AA74E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is derived from the Tao aboriginal tribe on Orchid Island, Taiwan, as a tribute to their oceanic cultures.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCCFFBFFF14FBD5FC2AA74E.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Jihuei, Taitung County, Taiwan Habitat. The worm appears to capable of making a burrow in coral or coral and algal mixed reefs and building leathery tube which protrude a few to several tens of centimeters above the reefs. However, some individuals utilize burrows of the boring bivalve, Jouannetia globulosa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1835) (Family Pholadidae), to build tube in sandstone and shale.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCCFFBFFF14FBD5FC2AA74E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from Taiwan, occurs in low intertidal and subtidal habitats on eastern and southern coasts of Taiwan. Colour. In life, anterior body of the worm is orange red with purplish iridescence on the dorsum (Fig. 8 A). This orange red colour fades away at the middle portion of the body and is replaced by whitish with light orange on both sides of the posterior body. Eyes are dark brown colour.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFCCFFBFFF14FBD5FC2AA74E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Eunicid polychaetes with compound spinigers are often referred to the genus Euniphysa Wesenberg-Lund, 1949 (Fauchald 1977: 106). However, Fauchald (1992) noted that three species in the genus Eunice Cuvier, 1817, namely Eunice impexa Grube, 1878, Eunice tubicola (Treadwell, 1922) and Eunice tubifex Crossland, 1904, also have compound spinigers, although E. tubifex was transferred to the genus Euniphysa by Miura (1986). In the study of phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Euniphysa Wesenberg-Lund, 1949, Lu & Fauchald (2000) argued that some Eunice spp. may have both compound spinigers and falcigers as in members of Euniphysa, but those Eunice spp. differed from members of Euniphysa in having short, triangular maxillae teeth (vs. long pointed maxillae teeth), short and distinctly articulated prostomial antennae (vs. slender and smooth prostomial antennae). On the basis of the above arguments, they proposed a new combination of Euniphysa misakiensis Miura, 1987 as Eunice misakiensis (Miura 1987) and acknowledged four species (E. impexa, E. misakiensis, E. tubicola and E. tubifex), which have compound spinigers as belonging to this genus. The present study adds another species to this group of Eunice. Of above-mentioned four Eunice species, Eunice tubifex resembles E. taoi sp. nov. Both species have nonarticulated ceratostyles, deep medial sulcus and pectinate branchiae (Fauchald 1992: 327, Fig. 112 a, d, i, n; Fig. 8 B, G). However, they are morphologically different in terms of the form of ceratostyle of prostomial appendages, peristomial cirri, pectinate chaetae and compound spiniger appendages. Eunice tubifex have digitiform ceratostyles, thick and basally inflated peristomial cirri, furled and tapering pectinate chaetae and more slender compound spiniger appendages (Fauchald 1992: 327, Fig. 112 a, b, f, i – j, l, r), in comparison to smooth and tapering ceratostyles, tapering peristomial cirri, furled and flaring pectinate chaetae and much shorter and robust compound spiniger blades of E. taoi sp. nov. (Fig. 8 B – C, I, K). Eunice misakiensis is another species that also resembles E. taoi sp. nov. However, it can be separated from E. taoi sp. nov., by the shape of the median sulcus, the pectinate chaetae and by the compound spiniger appendages. The former species possesses an incised median sulcus, flat and flaring pectinate chaetae and far more slender compound spiniger appendages (Miura 1987: 6, Fig. 4 a – b, i, k, l; Imajima 2007: 353, Fig. 108 a, j, l), in contrast to the deep median sulcus, furled and flaring pectinate chaetae and much shorter and robust compound spiniger appendages of E. taoi sp. nov. (Fig. 8 B, I, K). Lastly, E. taoi sp. nov., have uniquely short and robust compound spinigers that is not seen in the other four species of this group. The length / width ratios of compound spinigers are 7.7, 11.3 or 14.4, 13.0, 9.6 or 11.0 and 5.8 (n = 10) for E. impexa, E. misakiensis, E. tubicola, E. tubifex and E. taoi sp. nov., respectively (measurements for the first four species were from Miura 1987, Fig. 4 l; Fauchald 1992, Fig. 57 c, 111 c, 112 b, j; Imajima 2007, Fig. 108 j). Eunice taoi sp. nov., is the largest worm among the Eunice species discussed in the present study, with some individuals reaching over 710 mm. The body size and the length of the worm tube of Eunice taoi sp. nov., appears to vary within the different habitats which it occupies. Worms collected from sandstone and shale habitats tend to be much smaller in body size and shorter in tube length than those from coral and algal mixed reefs. Presumably, the body size and tube length of the worm are dependent on the depth of burrows made by J. globulosa, which is often only a few centimeters deep. This may suggest that Eunice taoi sp. nov. cannot bore into shale rocks but can utilize burrows made by the bivalve. However, they appear capable of boring deep into coral reefs; in many collection attempts, we traced those leathery worm tubes deep inside coral reefs by digging out the entire worm tube. However, those worms are still out of reached and hiding deep in tubular burrows. Some of larger sized worms were collected at depths of more than 30 cm deep within the reefs.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFD3FFBFFF14FBA0FAEAA53F.taxon	materials_examined	Type species Nicidion cincta Kinberg, 1865	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFD3FFBFFF14FBA0FAEAA53F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The primary diagnostic characters for Nicidion are compound bidentate falcigers and dark and bidentate subacicular hooks with darkest shade closest to the distal end. The latter character is not unique to branchiate species of the genus; however, this character combined with branchial number (maximum four) is considered unique in branchiate Nicidion (Zanol et al. 2014). Moreover, colour patterns (i. e., the presence of one to three white segments) in life on anterior of the worm are also considered useful for depicting Nicidion from other eunicids (Zanol et al. 2014). The currently accepted species belonging to the genus are: Nicidion amoureuxi (Rullier, 1974), Nicidion angeli (Carrera-Parra & Salazar-Vallejo, 1998), Nicidion cariboea (Grube, 1856), N. cincta; Nicidion insularis (Nogueira et al. 2001), Nicidion hentscheli (Augener, 1931), Nicidion mikeli (Carrera-Parra & Salazar- Vallejo, 1998), Nicidion mutilata (Webster 1884), Nicidion notata (Treadwell, 1921), and Nicidion samoae (Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) (Zanol et al. 2014). The present study adds one more species to the genus.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFD3FFBDFF14F957FC48A4A4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Taiwan: Holotype (NMNS 6694 - 1), Dawen (21 ° 57´22 ˝ N, 120 ° 45´17 ˝ E), Pingtung County; paratypes: Five specimens (NMNS 6694 - 2 ~ 6), Dawen (21 ° 57´22 ˝ N, 120 ° 45´17 ˝ E), Pingtung County, subtidal, in barnacle clumps, 4 – 6 m deep, February 12, 1997.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFD3FFBDFF14F957FC48A4A4.taxon	description	Description. Holotype, complete specimen, sex unknown, total body length 18 mm with 51 chaetigers; maximum width at chaetiger 5, about 1.3 mm; length through chaetiger 10, 4.0 mm; chaetiger 10 width about 1.3 mm; dorsum at chaetiger 4 with a wide white band. Paired superior anal cirri, digitiform, with 3 articulations; paired inferior anal cirri, ovate (Fig. 9 D). Body cylindrical but tapering at the end (Fig. 9 A). Prostomium equal in length and width to peristomium, about 1 / 2 as deep as peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally flattened, median sulcus shallow (Fig. 9 B – C). Eyes present, situated posteriorly to base of palps, ovate and brick red (Fig. 9 A – C). Palps and antennae arranged in semicircle, similar thickness, median antenna isolated by gap; palpophore and ceratophore base short cylindrical, with three indistinct rings; palpostyles and ceratostyles digitiform, A-II 6 articulations, A-I and II 3 articulations, palps 2 articulations; A-II longest, extending to chaetiger 3, A-I and III and palps to middle anterior peristomial ring. Peristomium lower lip distinctly muscular; separation between rings distinct dorsally; anterior ring about 2 / 3 of peristomial length; peristomial cirri digitiform, extending to middle of peristomial ring, without articulations, a white band present subdistally (Fig. 9 A – C). Maxillary formula. 1 + 1, 6 + 5, 6 + 0, 3 + 8?, 1 + 1; part of MxIII covered by MxII; mandibles flat (Fig. 9 E). Branchiae present, pectinate, distinctly shorter than dorsal cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, stems erect (Fig. 9 B – D). Branchiae present from chaetiger 5 to chaetiger 46, about 92 % of chaetigers branchiate; first 4 pairs and last 6 pairs chaetiger with single filament, maximum 3 filaments at about chaetiger 13 to 27; branchial filaments slender, tapering, shorter than dorsal cirri (Fig. 9 B – D). Acicular lobes withdrawn into body wall; aciculae emerge between dorsum and midline. All prechaetal and postchaetal follow outline of acicular lobes closely. First three ventral cirri digitiform, without inflation; bases of ventral cirri ovate inflated from chaetiger 4 to chaetiger 20, digitiform distally; dorsal cirri slender, tapering, with a white band subdistally (Fig. 9 A), anterior dorsal cirri with indistinct 3 rings, thereafter 2 to 3 indistinct rings. Limbate chaetae longer than all other chaetae, narrow, margin serrated (Fig. 9 F). Pectinate chaetae flat, tapering, with one elongated marginal tooth, inner teeth 8 – 12 (Fig. 9 G). Shafts of compound falcigers slightly bent at middle, distally inflated on both margins, inner margin beak-like, distally with serrations; appendages thick, bidentate; proximal tooth of anterior chaetigers acute angle isosceles triangle, slightly larger than distal tooth, both directed obliquely (Fig. 9 I); proximal tooth of posterior chaetigers nearly twice as wide as and about equal in length to distal tooth, proximal tooth formed at right angle to appendages, distal tooth directed obliquely; guards on anterior chaetigers symmetrical, bullet-shaped, cutting margin serrated, without mucros, guards on posterior chaetigers symmetrical, subdistally inflated, cutting margin serrated, with mucros, (Fig. 9 H – J); psudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae amber, straight, subdistally tapering, cross-sections rounded; paired per chaetiger, superior aciculae larger than inferior aciculae, both superior and inferior aciculae of anterior chaetigers tapering, distally blunt, thereafter superior aciculae distally enlarged, hammer-shaped, inferior aciculae tapering, with mucros (Fig. 9 J, K – L); separation between core and sheath distinct in both aciculae and subacicular hooks. Subacicular hooks amber on most chaetigers, yellow on last few chaetigers, bidentate; present from chaetiger 14 or chaetiger 15 to last chaetiger, single per chaetiger; shafts of hooks straight, internal striations present; proximal tooth larger than distal tooth, directed laterally, formed a right angle to axis of shaft; distal tooth small, slightly curved, directed obliquely; guards truncate distally, covering distal head entirely (Fig. 9 M).	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFD3FFBDFF14F957FC48A4A4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is derived from the encrypted living condition of the worm in the crevices of the giant barnacle (Megabalanus volcano Pilsbry, 1916) colonies.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFD3FFBDFF14F957FC48A4A4.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Dawen, Pingtung County, Taiwan. Habitat. The worm is found associated with clumps of the giant barnacle (Megabalanus volcano) that live on the wall of the Nuclear Power Plant cooling water intake pipe.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFD3FFBDFF14F957FC48A4A4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Known only from the type locality.	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
AF67D207FFD3FFBDFF14F957FC48A4A4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Morphology of this species conforms to the diagnosis of Nicidion suggested by Zanol et al. (2014), primarily because of the absence of MxVI and the presence of bidentate compound falcigers, dark and bidentate subacicular hooks with darkest shade closest to the distal end, less than four branchial filaments, and one white segment at anterior of the worm (Fig. 9 A, E, H – J, M). The present species belongs to the B- 2 group (sensu Fauchald 1970, 1992). Of all the described species, Nicidion mutilata is the only species that somewhat resemble this new species by having a white segment at the anterior of the worm (Zanol et al. 2014: 17, Fig. 16 C). However, they are very different in many other characters, including morphology of prostomial appendages and peristomial cirri, branchial filament number, the length ratio of branchiae to dorsal cirri, forms of limbate chaetae, compound falciger, acicula and subacicular hooks (see Fauchald 1992: 231 – 233, Fig. 77 f – n; Fig. 9). Moreover, Nicidion megabalanicola sp. nov., has the following diagnostic characters, the presence of hammer-headed superior aciculae and mucronate inferior aciculae, which have not been reported for any other species in this genus (Fig. 9 K – L).	en	Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Li, Yan-Huei (2014): New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa 3802 (2): 151-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1
