taxonID	type	description	language	source
AE2087BC9F472122FBB71452DDABFC6C.taxon	description	(Fig. 6 A – G) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: AD 6 A 06 B 1 - A 4 B 2 - 4078 - A 0 D 3 - 83 BD 95136112.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F472122FBB71452DDABFC6C.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Saicireta Melo and Coscarón, 2005.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F472122FBB71452DDABFC6C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Postocular region protuberant, and with simple thin setae ventrally (Fig. 6 A); anteocular region shorter than postocular region (Fig. 6 A); second visible labial segment shorter than third one (Fig. 6 A); posterior margin of scutellum entire (Fig. 6 C); ventral surface of protibia with both simple and spiniform setae (Fig. 6 E); paramere nearly straight, wider at apex, with a process on the lateral submedial margin (Fig. 6 F); and gonocoxa 8 rectangular.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F472122FBB71452DDABFC6C.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Saicireta correntina Melo and Coscarón, 2005: one male, holotype, ARGENTINA: Corrientes, Ituzaingó, 27 ° 28 ʹ S, 56 ° 34 ʹ W, Rincón Santa María Reserve, 26. iv. 2003 / Saicireta correntina Melo and Coscarón, 2005 / he- 10284 (MLP). Four males, one female, paratypes [same data as holotype] / he- 10286 – 10289 / he- 10285 (MLP).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F472122FBB71452DDABFC6C.taxon	description	Redefinition of Saicini Considering the phylogenetic results that help redefine the newly circumscribed Saicini, we use the optimization of the characters from our analyses to complement and modify the diagnosis offered by Standring et al. (2023), propose two new subtribes, and give a diagnosis for each genus. Furthermore, we present for the first time a key to the genera of Saicini of the world.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F482122FE80141FDA1DFE2A.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Micropolytoxus hackery Elkins, 1962. By original designation, three species included. Diagnosis: Humeralanglesflatorwithminutespines; mesonotum with a short spine, scutellum and metanotum with a welldeveloped short spine each; males and females macropterous or brachypterous; posteromedial process of pygophore produced and slightly curved (Elkins 1962, Malipatil and Howarth 1990). In addition, first visible labial segment with thin, simple setae on ventral region; anterior margin of proepisternal supracoxal lobe projected; protuberance of posterior margin of scutellum entire; posteromedial process of pygophore nearly horizontal; and distal portion of endosomal sclerites triangular.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F482123FBB31298DE64FDE9.taxon	discussion	Polytoxus has been characterized by an unarmed clypeus; the head, labium, profemur and protibia ventrally with tufts of stout setae (but never spiniform setae); anterior pronotal lobe unarmed; humeral angles, meso- and metanotum spined; and forewing with a basal cell (Rédei and Tsai 2010). Currently, it is composed of 75 species, being the most diverse genus within Saicini. Unfortunately it was not possible to include the type species in our data matrix because of the lack of specimens. Our results show that Polytoxus may be paraphyletic, with P. annulipes and P. fuscovittatus more closely related to Tolyxopus and Saica than to the other Polytoxus species. Interestingly, these results are consistent with Standring et al. (2023), where an unidentified species of Polytoxus from India forms a clade with Tolyxopus and are sister-group of Saica + other Polytoxus species. We only had the opportunity to examine 12 species of this genus, mainly from the Oriental Region; we expect that expanding the sampling with more species and from all the known distributional range of the genus would help to clarify the situation of this genus.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F482123FBB31298DE64FDE9.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Polytoxus annulipes Miyamoto and Lee, 1966: JAPAN: one male, Komi, Iriomote Is., The Ryukyus, 4. vi. 2003, T. Ishikawa. leg (TUA); one female, Funaura, Iriomote-jima Is., The Ryukyus, 11. ×. 2004, T. Ishikawa (TUA). Polytoxus rufinermis ardens Ishikawa and Yano, 2002: one male, one female, paratypes, JAPAN: the Ryuktys Okinawa-honto Is., Yona, Yona-ensyurin, 5. xi. 1999, Tadashi Ishikawa (TUA). Polytoxus armillatus Ishikawa, 1998: one male, one female, paratypes, JAPAN: Chiba Perf. Sakura city, Inba-numa, 9. xi. 1997, Koji Toyoda (TUA). Polytoxus esakii Ishikawa and Yano, 1999: one male, one female, paratypes, TAIWAN: Shao-Tiengchi, Lan-Yu Is., 24. iii. 1998, M. Sakai leg (TUA). Polytoxus eumorphus Miller, 1941: JAPAN: one male, Komi, Iriomotejima Is., The Ryukyus, 2. ii. 2002, T. Ishikawa leg (TUA); one female, Funaura, Iriomote-jima Is., The Ryukyus, 11. ×. 2004, T. Ishikawa (TUA). Polytoxus flammatus Ishikawa and Yano, 2002: JAPAN: one male, Paratype, The Ryukyus, Iriomote-jima Is., Urauchi, 30. v. 1999, Hiroki Mizushima (TUA); one female, The Ryukyus, Iriomote-jima Is., Urauchi, 30. v. 1999, T. Ishikawa (TUA). Polytoxus fuscovittatus (Stål, 1860): JAPAN: one male, Sumiyoshi, Iriomote Is., the Ryukyus, 18. v. 2001, T. Tsuru leg (TUA); one female, Otomi, Iriomote Is., the Ryukyus, 24. v. 2003, LT., T. Tsuru leg (TUA). Polytoxus hiemalis Ishikawa and Okajima, 2003: one female, Paratype, VIETNAM: Near Tuyen Larn Lake, Ward 3, Da Lat, Lam Dong, 22. xii. 2001, T. Ishikawa leg (TUA). Polytoxus minimus China, 1940: JAPAN: one male, Ozato, Ishigaki-jima Is., The Ryûkyûs, 4 - 5. v. 2004, T. Ishikawa (TUA); one female, The Ryukyus, Yonaguni-jima Is., Tarumai, 19. v. 2000, Tadashi Ishikawa (TUA). Polytoxus ruber Yano, 1998: one male, one female, JAPAN: Maezato, Ishigaki Is., The Ryukyus, 10. vi. 2003, T. Ishikawa leg (TUA). Polytoxus takahashii Yano, 1998: JAPAN: one male, Maezato, Ishigaki Is., The Ryukyus, 10. vi. 2003, T. Ishikawa leg (TUA); one female, Shiramizu, Ishigakijima Is., The Ryukyus, 7. iii. 2002, T. Ishikawa leg (TUA). Polytoxus vagans Miller, 1940: JAPAN: one male, Ohara, Iriomote-jima Is., The Loochoos, 21. vi. 1966, S. Tachikawa leg. / Light trap (TUA); one female, The Ryukyus, Iriomote-jima Is., Urauchi, 22. vi. 1998, Chuh Ishikawa (TUA).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F482122FEEA16DDDDD3F8F4.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 825 D 6 CE 9 - 0583 - 4693 - 9961 - A 27 C 16711437.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F482122FEEA16DDDDD3F8F4.taxon	discussion	Previously called ‘ hairy species’ clade’ because of including species without spiniform processes on the prolegs (Castro-Huertas and Melo 2023, Standring et al. 2023).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F482122FEEA16DDDDD3F8F4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Recognized by the ventral surface of the procoxa with stout, simple setae; anteocular region usually 0.5 times or shorter than postocular region; posteromedial process of pygophore usually more of three times longer than wide, paramere setae usually restricted to some areas; and basal plate arms of articulatory apparatus longer than the dorsal process of basal plate.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F482138FED910DADAA3FEAF.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis: With stout, simple or spiniform setae on the ventral margin of the mandibular plates and the postocular region, on the gula, and on all or some labial segments ventrally; second visible labial segment usually swollen; anterior lobe of pronotum with processes on anterior and posterior regions; metanotum with a protruding process apically; forewing with mcu-an 1 crossvein with proximal to distal orientation, and M and CU not fused along the proximal portion of the wing; and presence of scopula on the preapical ventral region of all tarsi (Castro-Huertas and Melo 2023, 2024, Standring et al. 2023). In addition, protibia usually curved; first tarsomere of the protarsus longer than the second; apex of paramere acute; and gonocoxa 8 nearly oval.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492124FC02156CDD54FF0F.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Bagriella ornata McAtee and Malloch, 1923. Monotypic.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492124FC02156CDD54FF0F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head elongate, oval in lateral view; first visible labial segment expanded; gular region with only one pair of spiniform setae; anterior pronotal lobe with short protuberances; humeral angles spined; spines of humeral angles nearly two times longer than its base; and anterodorsal margin of proepisternal supracoxal lobe setose.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492124FC02156CDD54FF0F.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Bagriella ornata McAtee and Malloch, 1923: one female (abdomen lost), holotype (high quality images), PANAMA: Paraiso, CZ, Pan, 17. i. 1911, E. A. Schwarz / Type No 51778 U. S. N. M. / Holotype Bagriella ornata Det. McAtee and Malloch / USNM / Type No 51778 (NMNH).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FE8B1159DEA4FAD7.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Pseudosaica panamaensis Blinn, 1990. By original designation, three species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FE8B1159DEA4FAD7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Humeral angles, mesonotum, and scutellum spined; posteromedial process of pygophore produced, tapering, with an apical keel; posterior margin of abdominal sternite 7 and tergites 8 and 9 slope ventrocephalad; anterior margin of proepisternal supracoxal lobe projected (Blinn 1990, Castro-Huertas et al. 2023). In addition, anterior margin of protuberance on scutellum emarginate; transverse bridge of pygophore wide, lateral margin of paramere socket produced, ventral region of pygophore with short dense setae; and dorsal phallotecal sclerite asymmetric.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FE8B1159DEA4FAD7.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Pseudosaica panamaensis Blinn, 1990: one male, COLOMBIA: Valle, Cali, 1000 m, domicilio, 17. i. 1994, G. Guevara (MUSENUV); one female, PANAMA: Chiriqui, PILA, Jurutungo, 3 – 5. ix. 2017, 1976 m, UTM 17 P, 0310426, light trap, 0985320, J. A. Ramírez / BCI 167424 (STRI); one female, ARGENTINA: Chaco, P. N. El Impenetrable, Estación de Campo El Teuco, – 25.064561 60.9464903, T. de luz, 10. xii. 2021, Melo, M. C. (MLP). Pseudosaica charrua Castro-Huertas, Forero and Melo, 2022: two males, holotype and paratype, ARGENTINA: Entre Ríos, de Concordia Federación, i. 1981, coll. Martínez (MLP).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FEA11627DCB4FDB7.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Zelus recurvatus Fabricius, 1803. By monotypy, 14 species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FEA11627DCB4FDB7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head with a tuft of strong setae on mandibular plates and on postocular region ventrally; pedicel subequal to half the length of scape; anterior margin of proepisternal supracoxal lobe produced as an acute to subacute process; thoracic spines always present and of variable length, except on anterior lobe of pronotum; prolegs with simple strong setae; protibiae conspicuously curved; scopula setae dense on ventral surface of all third tarsomere; posteromedial process of pygophore bifid; posterior margin of the abdominal sternite VII of females vertical to subvertical (Castro-Huertas and Melo 2024). In addition; gonocoxa 8 with medial margin entire, and with homogeneous setae.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FEA11627DCB4FDB7.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Saica apicalis Osborn and Drake, 1915: COLOMBIA: one male, Nariño, Tumaco, C. I. El Mira, 1 ° 32 ’ 59 ʹʹ N 78 ° 11 ’ 58 ʹʹ W, 16 m, captura manual, iv. 2017, E. Vergara (UNAB); 1 female, Cundinamarca, Guayabetal, 4 ° 13 ’ 40 ʹʹ N 73 ° 48 ’ 59 ʹʹ W, 1200 m, 10. iii. 1996, F. Munevar (UNAB). Saica meridionalis FrackerandBruner, 1924: onefemale, COLOMBIA: Santander, La Belleza, Ver. Los Naranjos, 21. iii. 1997, H. Marín. leg (UNAB). Saica rubripes Champion, 1898: PANAMA: one male, Panama province, Barro Colorado Is., 30. iv. 2015, 9 ° 9 ’ 17 ʹʹ N 79 ° 50 ’ 53 ʹʹ W, beating, BE-BCI-APR 2015 - AB, M. Lucas / BCI 11833 (MPUJ); one female, Panama province, Barro Colorado Is., 1. iii. 2011, 9 ° 9 ’ 17 ʹʹ N 79 ° 50 ’ 53 ʹʹ W, light trap LT-ARM 1 - MAR 2011 - A, Bobadilla, González, Osorio, Pérez / BCI 37066 (STRI). Saica tibialis Stål, 1862: COLOMBIA: one male, Cundinamarca, Sasaima, Vda. Nariz Alta, Finca ‘ El Tapaz’ 4 ° 58 ’ N 74 ° 28 ’ W, 1150 m, captura con jama en arbusto, 21. vii. 2012, L. Sánchez (UNAB); one female, La Sierra, 07. i. 1996, García Parra leg (UNAB).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FC49173DDA5EFA5F.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 23 B 46 BCF-E 496 - 4 E 34 - BF 08 - 16570 DB 63 C 09.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FC49173DDA5EFA5F.taxon	discussion	Previously called ‘ spiny species’ clade’ because the species included show several spiniform processes (Castro-Huertas and Melo 2023, Standring et al. 2023).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FC49173DDA5EFA5F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Recognized by spiniform setae present on the ventral margin of the postocular region, the ventral region of second visible labial segment, the anterodorsal margin of the prosternum, the ventral surface of protrochanter (mixed with simple setae), and on the anterolateral dorsal surface of the profemur.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FC401107DB93FBCD.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Polytoxus muizoni Villiers, 1950 a. By original designation, two species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FC401107DB93FBCD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Postocular region of head protuberant; protuberance of posterior margin of scutellum anteriorly emarginate; humeral angles flat, meso- and metanotum processes conspicuously reduced, and procoxae nearly two times longer than protrochanters.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F492123FC401107DB93FBCD.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Tolyxopus muizoni (Villiers, 1950): one female, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: La Maboke, 25. ix. 1967, L. Matile rec (MNHN).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FEF7127FDD75FD59.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Basiflagellomere as long as head, pronotum, and scutellum together; head longer than anterior pronotal lobe, with spiniform setae on the ventral region of mandibular plates, postocular, and gular regions; vertex wider than an eye width; first visible labial segment longer than the other labial segments, with a pair of spiniform setae ventrally; anterior pronotal lobe shorter than posterior lobe, with a pair of short tubercles on anterolateral region; humeral angles spinous; anterodorsal margin of proepisternal supracoxal lobe with spiniform setae; profemur, protibia, and protrochanter with spiniform setae.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FEB011A8DB3EFF2F.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Buninotus niger Maldonado Capriles, 1981. By monotypy, two species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FEB011A8DB3EFF2F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: First visible labial segment with a pair of spiniform setae; second visible labial segment with a pair of strong setae; anterior pronotal lobe with four protuberances, a pair on each anterior and posterior regions; humeral angles spined; scutellum with a long, inclined process; procoxae, profemora, and protibiae with long spiniform setae; protibiae curved; meso- and metafemora with a pair of spiniform setae at apex; and forewings with three closed cells (Castro-Huertas et al. 2023). In addition, gular region with simple setae; spines of the humeral angles nearly two times longer than its base; subapical posterior region of tergite 9 with a folding; and gonocoxa 8 nearly rectangular, with the medial margin produced.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FEB011A8DB3EFF2F.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Buninotus niger Maldonado Capriles, 1981: PANAMA: one male, Panama Province, Barro Colorado Is., 14. xi. 2012, 9 ° 9 ’ 17 ʹʹ N 79 ° 50 ’ 53 ʹʹ W, light trap LT-ARM 4 - Nov 2012 - A, Bobadilla, Rodríguez, Hernández, Pérez / BCI 63328 (STRI); one female, Panama Province, Barro Colorado Is., 20. v. 2012, 8 ° 59 ’ N 79 ° 33 ’ W, light trap LT-WHE 1 - MAY 2012 - A Bobadilla, Rodríguez, Hernández, Pérez / BCI 53469 (STRI); one female, Panama Province, Barro Colorado Is.; 14. xi. 2012, 9 ° 9 ’ 17 ʹʹ N 79 ° 50 ’ 53 ʹʹ W, Light trap LT-ARM 4 - NOV 2012 - A, Bobadilla, Rodríguez, Hernández, Pérez / BCI 63348 (STRI); one female, Panama Province, Barro Colorado Is., 14. xi. 2012, 9 ° 9 ’ 17 ʹʹ N 79 ° 50 ’ 53 ʹʹ W, Light trap LT-ARM 3 - NOV 2012 - A, Bobadilla, Rodríguez, Hernández, Pérez / BCI 62746 (STRI); one female, Panama Province, Barro Colorado Is., 5 - 6. ix. 2013, 8 ° 59 ’ N 79 ° 33 ’ W, light trap LT-WHE 1 - SEP 2013 - B, Bobadilla, Pérez, Bonilla, López / BCI 76588 (STRI). Buninotus palikur Castro-Huertas, Forero and Melo, 2022: one female, holotype, FRENCH GUIANA: Saül, 1. vii. 2008, PL, SEAG magnolia réc / Buninotus palikur Castro-Huertas, Forero and Melo 2022 (MNHN); five females, paratypes, FRENCH GUIANA: Kaw, PK 37.5, Malaise, 29. xii. 2001, Cerda, J. leg. (MLP); Mt. Chevaux, 11. vii. 2009, vitre, SEAG réc (JMB); Mt. des Chevaux, 7. xi. 2011, Piège vitre, SEAG réc (JMB); Patawa, PK 37, malaise, 3. iv. 2002, J. Cerda leg. (JMB); Nouragues I, 23. ii. 2011, Vitre Camp, SEAG réc (JMB).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FCCF139FDB0FFC0E.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Caprilesia almirantiana Gil-Santana, Marques and Costa, 2006. By monotypy, three species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FCCF139FDB0FFC0E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Postocular region of head subglobose; first and second visible labial segments with a pair of spiniform setae each, and third visible labial segment with one strong seta; humeral angles, mesoscutum and metascutum spined; scutellum with a short protuberance; procoxae, profemora, and protibiae spined; and forewings with two closed cells (Gil-Santana et al. 2006, Castro-Huertas et al. 2023). In addition, pterostigma of forewing not surpassing the apex of the discal cell, and second tarsomere nearly as long as third tarsomere.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FCCF139FDB0FFC0E.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Caprilesia sikuani Castro-Huertas, Forero and Melo, 2022: one male, holotype, COLOMBIA: Meta, Remolinos, Centro Cafam Llanos, 55 km W de Puerto Gaitán, 165 m, 4.274963 ° N 72.540814 ° W, 30. iv. 2010, A. García et al., Bosque Bavaria, pitfall / MPUJ _ ENT 0010541 (MPUJ). Caprilesia napuruna Castro-Huertas, Forero and Melo, 2022: one female, holotype, ECUADOR: Napo, Sacha Wagra Lodge, Rio Hollin, 10 km from Archidona, 730 m, 0.96 ° S 77.75 ° W, 29. xi. 2009, D. Forero [EC 09 _ L 4] [fogging] / UCR _ ENT 00002682 (QCAZ).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FC47177CDC89FA39.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Gallobelgicus kinabaluensis Miller, 1940. By original designation, three species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FC47177CDC89FA39.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head shorter than pronotum, with spiniform setae on ventral margin of mandibular plate, postocular region, and gular region; first visible labial segment longer than remaining segments together, with spiniform setae; humeral angles spined; anteroventral margin of proepisternal supracoxal lobe with a spiniform setae; procoxae about half as long as the profemora, with spiniform setae on inner surface; protibiae, profemora, and protrochanters with spiniform setae; first tarsal segment longer than remaining tarsal segments together; and paramere nearly straight.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FC4E1689DA0CF933.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Cuernolestes philippinus Miller, 1953. By monotypy, four species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FC4E1689DA0CF933.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Clypeus flat; anterior protuberances of anterior pronotal lobe slightly projected; and first protarsal segment as long as second and third segments combined.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FC401582DA22F82F.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Exaeretosoma cheesmanae Elkins, 1962. Monotypic.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4E2124FC401582DA22F82F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head with a short but distinct spine behind each antennal insertion; posteromedial process of pygophore produced and basally curved; and paramere wider apically.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FE9A13F6DFC7FB26.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Gallobelgicus typicus Distant, 1906. By monotypy, six species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FE9A13F6DFC7FB26.taxon	description	The genus has been characterized by the clypeus armed with an anteriorly directed spine; head, first visible labial segment, procoxa, protrochanter, profemur, and protibia with large spiniform setae; humeral angles with long spines; and the first tarsal segment subequal to the lengths of the remaining segments combined (Rédei and Tsai 2010). Currently, Gallobelgicus consists of six species occurring in the Oriental region. Unfortunately, the type species was not included in our data matrix due to the lack of available specimens. Based on the paramere shape, Miller (1957) proposed a ‘ Gallobelgicus complex’ for the genera Gallobelgicus, Choreutocoris Miller, 1957, and Panagrocoris Miller, 1957. However, this grouping was not recovered in our phylogenetic hypothesis. On the other hand, Pristicoris has been previously related to Gallobelgicus (Miller, 1952, Rédei and Tsai, 2009), and our results are consistent with this hypothesis. However, we think that the missing data of the matrix (particularly of genitalic characters) have an important effect in the analysis and resulted in the recovery of Gallobelgicus as paraphyletic. All Gallobelgicus specimens included in the analysis are males, whereas in the case of Pristicoris the specimen studied is a female. It is probable that the inclusion of additional male and female specimens for both genera will help to solve their relationship.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FE9A13F6DFC7FB26.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Gallobelgicus heissi Rédei and Tsai, 2009: one male, THAILAND: Chiang Mai prov., 20 km SW of FANG, 19 ° 49 ’ 57 ʹʹ N 99 ° 02 ’ 54 ʹʹ E, 11. i. 2006, 1450 m, Lgt. Becar S and Fouqué R (NMPC). Gallobelgicus nigrovittatus Ishikawa, 2003: one male, Paratype, THAILAND: Chiang Dao, Pa Kia, 4 - 6. v. 2000, Seidai Nagashima / bv beating from dead leaves (TUA).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FF5D1794DEE2F8A4.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Kiskeya palassaina Weirauch and Forero, 2007. Monotypic.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FF5D1794DEE2F8A4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Spiniform setae on ventral region of mandibular plates, postocular region, and anterodorsal margin of proepisternal supracoxal lobe; anterior pronotal lobe with low paired protuberances anteriorly; humeral angles spined; mesoscutum with one long, erect spine; metanotum large and elongate with one low tubercular spine close to the posterior margin; profemora with two rows of five or six stout and long spines; protibiae with a row of spiniform setae on inner dorsal surface (Weirauch and Forero 2007). In addition, clypeus with a process; gular region glabrous; dorsolateral surface of protibiae with only simple setae; prosternal process with the posterior apex produced; posterior margin of scutellum entire; females brachypterous; second tarsomere as long as third tarsomere; gonocoxa 8 nearly rectangular; and gonoplac compose by one sclerite (fused) with the posteromedial margin produced.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FEAF1412DC96FEED.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Madecassosaica ornata Villiers, 1957. Monotypic.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FEAF1412DC96FEED.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Head with spiniform setae on ventral margin of mandibular plate, and postocular and gular regions; anterior region of anterior pronotal lobe with a pair of conspicuous spiniform processes.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FC58125CDBAFFC2F.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Panagrocoris agilis Miller, 1957. By original designation, three species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FC58125CDBAFFC2F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Clypeus flat; profemur with very short spiniform setae between long spiniform setae (Miller 1957, Ishikawa 2002). In addition, profemora with antero- and posteroventral series of spiniform setae; first visible labial segment as long as second visible segment; R and M veins of forewing separated, and without r-m crossveins; anterior region of acetabula of proleg with an opening; second tarsomere as long as third tarsomere; posteromedial margin of pygophore flat; paramere extremely curved and slightly wider at base; dorsal region of phallosoma membranous; and tergite 9 near as long as wide.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FC58125CDBAFFC2F.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Panagrocoris lunaris Ishikawa, 2002: THAILAND: one male, paratype, Mae Sa, 400 – 500 m, Mae Rim, Chiang Mai, 3. viii. 2001, T. Ishikawa. leg. (TUA); one female, paratype, Mae Sa, 400 – 500 m, Mae Rim, Chiang Mai, 1. viii. 2001, Seidai Nagashima (TUA).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FC50109FDBF6F8AB.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Paratagalis spinosus Monte, 1943 a. By monotypy, two species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FC50109FDBF6F8AB.taxon	discussion	Diagnosis: Basiflagellomere long, almost three times the length of distiflagellomere; anterior pronotal lobe with four long spines; posterior pronotal lobe with two spines; procoxae spined; profemora and protibiae straight; profemora with a double series of spiniform setae of two lengths intermixed; protibiae with three long spiniform setae; mesonotum and metanotum spined (Monte 1943 b, Gil-Santana and Costa 2009). In addition, clypeus usually spined; anterior margin of proepisternal supracoxal lobe projected; apex of profemora with a pair of processes; paramere nearly straight; arms of basal plate of articulatory apparatus longer than dorsal process of basal plate; ventral region of phallosoma with microtrichia; posteromedial margin of tergite 8 produced; tergite 9 longer than wide, with posteromedial margin tapering and with a process; gonocoxa 8 near triangular; and the gonoplac compose by a pair of sclerites, with the apex tapering and its lateral external margins straight.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2125FC50109FDBF6F8AB.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Paratagalis spinosus Monte, 1943: one male, PARAGUAY: Encarnación, x. 1999, CDC, Carpintero (MLP); one female, ARGENTINA: Corrientes, Ituzaingó, Reserva Santa María, x. 2003, trampa de luz (MLP); one female, COLOMBIA: Caldas, Norcasia, xi. 2013, C. Llano (MPUJ).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2126FC4B141ADE69FD70.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Pristicoris bellicosus Miller, 1952. Monotypic.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2126FC4B141ADE69FD70.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Clypeus with a short median tubercle; postocular region globose, longer than anteocular region; spiniform setae on ventral margin of mandibular plates and postocular region; gular region with a pair of spiniform setae; first visible labial segment longer than second segment, with a pair of spiniform setae ventrally; second visible labial segment moderately wider medially; third visible labial segment as long as second segment; anterior pronotal lobe nearly quadrangular; humeral angles spined; anterodorsal and ventral margins of proepisternal supracoxal lobe with spiniform setae; meso- and metanotum spined; posterior margin of scutellum entire; procoxae with simple and spiniform intermixed setae; and dorsolateral surface of protibiae with more than three spiniform setae.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4F2126FC4B141ADE69FD70.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Pristicoris armatus (Villiers, 1950): two females, N. NIGERIA: Nr. Kafanchan, Kagoro Forest, 14. x. 1979, J. Deeming. (MNHN).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4C2126FF1711CEDDCBFB4A.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Quasitagalis afonsoi Gil-Santana, Oliveira and Zampaulo, 2020. Monotypic.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4C2126FF1711CEDDCBFB4A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Mesonotum flat; protibial inner surface with a simple (male) or double (female) longitudinal median row of numerous short spiniform setae (Gil-Santana et al. 2020). In addition, proepisternal supracoxal lobe anterodorsally glabrous; ventral surface of profemora with spiniform setae in antero- and posteroventral series; protibia curved, with more than three spiniform processes on dorsolateral surface, and both simple and spiniform setae on ventral surface; second visible labial segment as long as third visible labial segment; transverse bridge of pygophore narrow; apex of paramere with a protruding process; and basal plate bridge of the articulatory apparatus absent.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4C2126FEF517B8DE46FA59.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Spairapeltis sericea Miller, 1950. By monotypy, two species included. Diagnosis: Humeral angles flat; scutellum with a spine apically and two club-like processes posteromedially; paramere apically wide like a spatula.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4C2126FED816A7DB28FA81.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: First visible labial segment as long as the second one; first and second visible labial segments with a pair of spiniform processes; posterior region of anterior pronotal lobe nearly flat; scutellum with a spine apically; procoxae elongate; humeral angles flat; profemora with spines ventrally and on the upper margin of inner surface; protibiae with three or four spines; second tarsomere as long as the third one; third tarsomere slender and just slightly dilated (Castro-Huertas and Melo 2023, 2024). In addition, head glabrous; anteroventral margin of the proepisternal supracoxal lobe with a simple seta; ventral surface of procoxae with only simple setae; apex of paramere acute; and gonoplac composed by one sclerite (by fusion).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4C2126FED816A7DB28FA81.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Tagalis dichroa Castro-Huertas and Forero, 2014: one male, PANAMA: Panama province, Barro Colorado Is, 17 – 18. v. 2015, 9 ° 9 ’ 17 ʹʹ N 79 ° 50 ’ 53 ʹʹ W), light trap, LT ARM 3 - MAY 2015 - A, A. Bobadilla et al. / BCI 1114426 (MPUJ). Tagalis drakkar Varela and Melo, 2017: one male, paratype, ARGENTINA: Misiones, Caraguata [y], i. [19] 98 (MLP). Tagalis graziae Castro-Huertas and Forero, 2021: one male, holotype, COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Pueblo Rico, Montezuma Ecolodge, 5.9 km de Puerto Rico, 05.23016 ° N 76.08364 ° W, 1336 m, 2 – 7. ix. 2018, D. Forero / Bosque húmedo [Trampa de luz UV] / MPUJ _ ENT 0065075 (MPUJ). Tagalis inornata inornata Stål, 1862: one male, PERU: Ucayali, Kirigueti (Luz), ii. [20] 04, J. Williams, 73 ° 07 ’ 08 ʹʹ W 11 ° 38 ’ 13 ʹʹ S. (MLP); one female, ARGENTINA: Misiones, Puerto Iguazú, 4. x. 1947, Col. Duret. (MLP). Tagalis inornata cubensis McAtee and Malloch, 1923: one male, PARAGUAY: Canindeyú, Res. Mbaracayú, Aguará-ñu (luz), xii. 2003, O. Di lorio (MLP); one male, MEXICO: Veracruz, Los Tuxtlas, Estación de Biología, 22. iv. 1985, C. Mayorga (MLP). Tagalis matamorosae Castro-Huertas and Melo, 2024: PANAMA: 1 male, Paratype, Panama Province, Barro Colorado Is., 3 – 4. xi. 2016, light trap, LT-ARM 4 - NOV 2016 - B, Bobadilla, López, Ramírez / BCI 144906 (MLP); one female, paratype, Panama Oeste Province, Barro Colorado Is., 27 – 28. xi. 2019, light trap, LT-ZET 1 - NOV 2016 - B, Bobadilla, López, Ramírez / BCI 171879 (STRI). Tagalis pagu Castro-Huertas and Melo, 2024: one female, paratype, BRASIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Santiago, 1. i. 2013, Brusa, F. leg / Tagalis pagu Castro-Huertas and Melo, 2024 (MLP). Tagalis seminigra Champion, 1898: PANAMA: one male, Panama Province, Barro Colorado Is., 16 – 17. iii. 2018, 9 ° 9 ’ 17 ʹʹ N 79 ° 50 ’ 53 ʹʹ W, light trap, LT DRA- MAR 2018 - A, A. Bobadilla et al. / BCI 162391 (STRI); one male, Panama Province, Barro Colorado Is., 8 – 9. iii. 2019, 9 ° 9 ’ 17 ʹʹ N 79 ° 50 ’ 53 ʹʹ W, light trap, LT ARM-MAR 2019 - A, A. Bobadilla et al. / BCI 168278 (STRI); PERU: one male, Ucayali, Kirigueti (luz), vii. 2004, J. Williams, 73 ˚ 07 ’ 08 “ W 11 ˚ 38 ’ 13 ʹʹ S (MLP); one female, Cuzco, Pagoreni (luz), vii. 2004 Williams, 72 ˚ 54 ’ 07 ʹʹ W, 11 ˚ 42 ’ 22 ʹʹ S (MLP).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4C2126FC4516F1DB41F990.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Vadonocoris striatus Villiers, 1957. Monotypic.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4C2126FC4516F1DB41F990.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Anterior pronotal lobe longer than wide; paramere long and longitudinally curved; posteromedial process of pygophore long, curved and apically with a caudal short projection (Villiers 1957, 1979).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4C2127FC5515EEDBBAFECD.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Polytoxus inermis Villiers, 1950 a. By original designation, four species included.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4C2127FC5515EEDBBAFECD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Humeral angles flat; parameres long; posterolateral margin of pygophore usually with a protruding process on each side (Elkins 1956, Villiers 1969). In addition, head rounded, gular region with simple setae; second visible labial segment as long as third visible labial segment; posteromedial surface of the abdominal sternite 8 with processes; apex of paramere flat; and distal portion of endosoma membranous.	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
AE2087BC9F4C2127FC5515EEDBBAFECD.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material: Villiersella agalma Elkins, 1956: one male, GHANA: Tafo, 2. v. 1966, Leston / U. V. trap (MNHN). Villiersella inermis (Villiers): one male, GHANA: Tafo, 26. iv. 1966, Leston / U. V. trap (MNHN). Villiersella longispinis Villiers, 1966: one female, GHANA: Tafo, 4. v. 1966, Leston / U. V. trap (MNHN). Villiersella testacea Villiers, 1967: one male, GHANA: Tafo, 28. iv. 1966, Leston / U. V. trap (MNHN).	en	Castro-Huertas, Valentina, Melo, María Cecilia (2025): Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171
