taxonID	type	description	language	source
AC3E68017478F42DCF08A55C6090FD35.taxon	description	The species of this presumably monophyletic group share the following combination of morphological characters (whether they represent symplesiomorphies or synapomorphies remains to be determined): 1. Hindwing subcostal vein long, ending distad of an imaginary line traversing the disc at the bases of veins M 1 and CuA 2 (Fig. A) (see also fig. 3 in Eitschberger & Racheli, 1998). 2. Interneural yellow submarginal stripes on the hindwing below drumstick­shaped, the basal portion noticeably thicker than the distal one (Fig. B). 3. Extreme base of the hindwing costal cell below, behind the humeral vein, partly or totally yellow, silvery or white, never wholly dark. 4. Besides a few red or orange scales at the extreme base of the hindwing below, no red coloration on the wings above or below.	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E6801747CF428CF08A34C63D4FBFF.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Northern Bolivia (La Paz and Cochabamba, ssp. amastris) to southern Peru (Puno and Cuzco, ssp. dentata), between 2400 and 3450 m. Lectotype specimens serve to tie the published name of a nominal taxon to an actual specimen, and as a reference standard for the application of that name. In order to preserve the stability of nomenclature by selecting one specimen as the unique bearer of the name, and following Art. 74.7 of the Code, we designate as lectotype of Catasticta dentata Lathy & Rosenberg, 1912 the male syntype in the BMNH from Peru, [Puno], Acopampa, 11,500 ', II – III. 1910 (H. & C. Watkins) [examined], which was illustrated by D'Abrera (1981: 132).	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E6801747CF428CF08A60E66F8F9AD.taxon	description	Described by Eitschberger & Racheli (1998) as a subspecies of Catasticta amastris (Hewitson), we regard it as a separate species due to its different wing shape and pattern (i. e. the discal band of FW outwardly straight) and slight sexual dimorphism. Males of its three subspecies show a quite stable wing pattern, though females (herein illustrated for the first time) exhibit a high degree of intra­population variability in regards to the color of the discal band (plate 1, figs. 1 – 4). Distribution: Medium to high elevations (2300 – 3000 m) from central Peru (Huánuco, San Martín and southern Amazonas, ssp. striata) to northern Peru (northern Amazonas, ssp. batesi), northward to south­central Ecuador (Loja and Azuay, ssp. jimbura).	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E6801747CF429CF08A4E1608EFDD8.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Present as separate populations at medium to high elevations (2400 – 3100 m) in northern Bolivia and Southern Peru (ssp. marcapita), and central Peru (Pasco, ssp. boettgeri; Huánuco, ssp. roberti).	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E6801747DF427CF08A0D46165FC98.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: male, Peru, Pasco, Huancabamba District, Cueva Blanca, ~ 10 ° 31 ' S, 75 ° 34 ' W, 2600 m, IX. 2003 (J. Böttger), presently in MBLI, to be deposited in MUSM. Description: FW length: 26.5 mm. Dorsal surface: Ground color of both wings black with a complete series of yellow (PANTONE ® 379 PC) discal and submarginal spots on FW, scarcely suffused proximally with black scales. HW with black basal area not reaching the origin of vein Rs, discal yellow (PANTONE ® 379 PC) band large, arrow­shaped yellow postdiscal spots, marginal yellow lunules deeply obscured by black scales. Ventral surface: As in marcapita marcapita and m. roberti. Female: Unknown. Diagnostic characters: C. marcapita boettgeri n. ssp. is easily separable from m. roberti by its black ground color (deep brown in m. roberti), by the FW yellow discal spots not proximally suffused by dark scales and especially by the reduction of the HW black basal area above not reaching the origin of vein Rs (in m. roberti the origin of vein Rs is always covered by the black basal area). PLATE 1 Fig. 1: Catasticta striata jimbura female (dorsal): Ecuador ­ Azuay, Maylas (16 km. ESE Gualaceo), ~ 2 ° 58 ' S 78 ° 40 ' W, m. 3200 – 3350, XII. 2002, in MBLI Fig. 2: Catasticta striata jimbura female (dorsal): Ecuador ­ Azuay, Maylas (16 km. ESE Gualaceo), ~ 2 ° 58 ' S 78 ° 40 ' W, m. 3200 – 3350, I. 2003, in MBLI Fig. 3: Catasticta striata jimbura female (dorsal): Ecuador ­ Azuay, Maylas (16 km. ESE Gualaceo), ~ 2 ° 58 ' S 78 ° 42 ' W, m. 3200 – 3350, XII. 2003, in MBLI Fig. 4: Catasticta striata jimbura female (dorsal): Ecuador, Loja Prov., Cord. de Lagunillas, m. 3200, IX. 2003, in MBLI Fig. 5: Catasticta marcapita marcapita female (dorsal): Peru, via Acjanaco­Boca Manu km 2 (Cuzco) 3400 m, 22 / 5 / 2003, in PBPF Fig. 6: Catasticta marcapita marcapita female (ventral): same data as fig. 5 Fig. 7: Catasticta marcapita boettgeri n. ssp. HT (dorsal) Fig. 8: Catasticta marcapita boettgeri n. ssp. HT (ventral) Fig. 9: Catasticta abiseo n. sp. HT (dorsal) Fig. 10: Catasticta abiseo n. sp. HT (dorsal) Paratypes (27 males): 1 male, Peru, Pasco, Huancabamba District, Torrebamba, ~ 10 ° 31 ’ S, 75 ° 38 ’ W, 2500 m, IX. 2003 (J. Böttger); 7 males, same data, XI. 2003; 1 male, same data as holotype; 1 male, same data as holotype, X. 2003; 2 males, same data as holotype, XI. 2003; 1 male, Peru, Pasco, Huancabamba District, near Mallapampa, ~ 10 ° 31 ’ S, 75 ° 39 ’ W, 2500 m, XI. 2003 (J. Böttger); 3 males, Peru, Pasco, Oxapampa District, San Alberto, ~ 10 ° 36 ’ S 75 ° 20 ’ W, 2400 m., X. 2003 (J. Böttger); 7 males, Peru, Pasco, Cordillera Yanachaga, El Pajonal, ~ 10 ° 38 ’ S, 75 ° 18 ’ W, 2800 m., II. 2004 (J. Böttger) all in MBLI; 3 males, Peru, Pasco, Huancabamba District, Cueva Blanca, 2300 – 2600 m, 6. XII. 2003 (P. Boyer), in PBPF; 1 male, same data as holotype, 2500 m, XI. 2003, in MUSM. Distribution: As far as we know, the new subspecies is present at 2300 – 2600 m along the Río Lecma valley and on the Cordillera Yanachaga. Individuals are not rare, even if highly localized (Böttger, pers. comm.). Derivatio nominis. The new subspecies is named after José (Pepe) Böttger (Huancabamba, Peru), who collected the type series.	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E68017473F427CF08A1E96687FAC7.taxon	description	Described by Eitschberger & Racheli (1998) as a subspecies of Catasticta marcapita Röber, apparently not realizing that it overlaps in range with C. marcapita marcapita. We consider it a species due to its different wing pattern and sympatry with marcapita. The holotype of paucartambo was collected 15 km NE of Paucartambo, Cuzco, at 3100 m, nearly at the same spot where marcapita was recently caught by T. Pyrcz (pers. comm.). Distribution: High elevations from northern Bolivia to southern Peru (Cuzco).	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E68017473F424CF08A7D466CBFD60.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: male, Peru, San Martín, Parque Nacional Abiseo, Huicungo, La Playa, 2480 – 2680 m, 24. VII. 1990 (M. Medina), in MUSM. Description: FW length: 25 mm. Dorsal surface: Ground color of both wings brown (PANTONE ® DS 316 ­ 1 C), with a complete series of ochre (PANTONE ® DS 311 ­ 6 C) discal, submarginal and marginal spots on FW. HW with postdiscal spots thick, different from those present in paucartambo, and similar in pattern to those of vilcabamba sp. n. Light discal band partially obscured by brownish scales. Ventral surface: General pattern as in paucartambo and vilcabamba, but HW black line bordering marginal yellow lunules uniformly thick (in paucartambo the black line is uniformly thick, while in vilcabamba is thicker at the distal end of the yellow interneural submarginal stripes). Female: Unknown. Distribution: To the best of our knowledge, this species is restricted to its type locality, where it is sympatric with C. striata striata. Even if C. abiseo sp. n. is geographically widely separate from C. vilcabamba, their close relationship is evidenced by their similar wing shape and HW ventral pattern. Future sampling along the Peruvian Andes at medium and high elevations may reveal the presence of other closely related species.	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E68017470F422CF08A0AC61C9FD8A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: male, Peru, Cuzco, Cordillera de Vilcabamba, 3350 m, 11 ° 40 ’ S, 73 ° 40 ’ W, 11. VI. 1997 (J. Grados), in MUSM. Description: FW length: 28.6 mm. Dorsal surface: Ground color of both wings brown (PANTONE ® DS 318 ­ 1 C), with a complete series of ochre (PANTONE ® DS 10 ­ 6 C) discal, submarginal and marginal spots on FW. HW with postdiscal spots thick, different from those in paucartambo, which are arrow­shaped and very evident. Light discal band heavily obscured by dark scales. Ventral surface: General pattern as in paucartambo, but HW black line bordering marginal yellow lunules heavy and thickened at the distal extremity of the yellow interneural submarginal stripes (in paucartambo the black line is uniformly thick). Allotype: female, Peru, Cuzco, Cordillera de Vilcabamba, 3350 m, 11 ° 40 ’ S, 73 ° 40 ’ W, 8. VI. 1997 (J. Grados), in MUSM. Description: FW length: 28,6 mm. Dorsal surface: Somewhat lighter ground color. Light markings more evident and slightly more extensive on both FW and HW. HW with postdiscal spots larger than in male, oval. Discal band not heavily obscured by dark scales. Ventral surface: Like the male. Paratypes (23 males, 2 females): Same data as holotype, but dates between 8 and 20. VI. 1997 (J. Grados; G. Lamas); all in MUSM. Distribution: Apparently restricted to high altitude meadows of the northern Cordillera de Vilcabamba, where it is not scarce. PLATE 2 Fig. 11: Catasticta vilcabamba n. sp. HT (dorsal) Fig. 12: Catasticta vilcabamba n. sp. HT (ventral) Fig. 13: Catasticta vilcabamba n. sp. AT (dorsal) Fig. 14: Catasticta vilcabamba n. sp. AT (ventral) Fig. 15: Catasticta semiramis willmotti n. ssp. HT (dorsal) Fig. 16: Catasticta semiramis willmotti n. ssp. HT (ventral) Fig. 17: Catasticta semiramis costarum n. ssp. HT (dorsal) Fig. 18: Catasticta semiramis costarum n. ssp. HT (ventral) Fig. 19: Catasticta semiramis costarum n. ssp. AT (dorsal) Fig. 20: Catasticta semiramis costarum n. ssp. AT (ventral)	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E68017476F422CF08A11E61BBF905.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Medium to high altitudes in extreme southwestern Venezuela and extreme northeastern Colombia (ssp. costarum), East Cordillera of Colombia (ssp. semiramis), northern Central Cordillera of Colombia (ssp. belmira), southern Central Cordillera of Colombia and northern and central East Cordillera of Ecuador (ssp. palla), and southcentral (Azuay) and southern (Loja and Zamora­Chinchipe) Ecuador (ssp. willmotti). In order to preserve the stability of nomenclature by selecting one specimen as the unique bearer of the name, and following Art. 74.7 of the Code, we designate as lectotype of Euterpe semiramis Lucas, 1852 the male syntype in MNHN from " Colombia ", which was labelled as " Lectoholotype " by J. H. Robert [examined]. Up to 1998, Ecuadorian C. semiramis specimens were all regarded as belonging to ssp. palla Brown, 1939. Eitschberger & Racheli (1998) described ssp. salomon from Ecuador, Santiago­Morona. At that time, very few Ecuadorian specimens were known. Since then, we have examined a total of 30 Ecuadorian individuals (including relevant types), 24 of them referable to ssp. palla. That material has allowed us to determine that ssp. palla is characterized by a dark pattern which varies clinally in intensity from north to south, darker specimens occurring at the southern limit of its distribution, where they match the phenotype described as ssp. salomon. Thus, we regard salomon as a new synonym of palla. On the other hand, we examined six specimens recently collected in southern Ecuador and clearly belonging to a new taxon, which we describe below.	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E68017477F423CF08A34C632CFA6F.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: male, Ecuador, Zamora­Chinchipe, km 21 Loja­Zamora road, 2250 m (K. R. Willmott), presently in BMLI, to be deposited in a public institution in the future. Description: FW length: 25.5 mm Dorsal surface: Ground color of both wings brown with a complete series of brownish discal and submarginal spots, suffused with black scales on FW. HW distal third of costal cell yellowish, basal two thirds brown. HW discal band evident, postdiscal spots small and nearly obsolete, marginal lunules nearly indistinguishable from ground colour. Ventral surface: As in s. palla, but FW discal band spots wider. Female: Unknown. Diagnostic characters: C. semiramis wilmotti is distinguishable from s. palla by the dorsal HW discal band evident and clearly marked in the anal area (nearly absent and constantly brown, like the ground­color, in the anal area in s. palla), and dorsal HW postdiscal spots nearly obsolete and sub­ovate (conspicuous and elongated in s. palla). Paratypes (2 males): 1 male, Ecuador, Azuay, Gualaceo­Limón (East), 2200 m, 31. VIII. 2003 (J. Wojtusiak & T. Pyrcz), in MBLI; 1 male, Ecuador, Zamora­Chinchipe, Quebrada Las Dantas, near Romerillos, 1700 m, (K. R. Willmott), in KWJH. Additional specimens, not included in the type series: 1 male, Ecuador, Zamora­Chinchipe, Valladolid, X. 1995; 2 males, Ecuador, Loja, Cordillera Lagunillas, San Andreas, 2100 ­ 2500 m, 20. V. 1998 (A. Jasinski); all in AJWP. Distribution: Apparently restricted to mid elevations (1700 – 2300 m) in south Ecuador, from Cordillera Las Lagunillas (Loja) northward to the eastern slopes of the Morona­Santiago mountains, though it will certainly occur in extreme northern Peru as well. Both Ecuadorian subspecies appear to be parapatric in Azuay / Morona­Santiago, with palla flying at 3000 m, whereas willmotti occurs at 2200 m. Derivatio nominis. Named after Keith R. Willmott (The Natural History Museum, London), in appreciation of his important research on the biodiversity of Ecuadorian butterflies.	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E68017477F420CF08A7BE60E1FA40.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: male, Venezuela, Táchira, Tamá, La Revancha, ~ 7 ° 32 ' N 72 ° 23 ' W, 2800 m, II. 2004, in MIZA. Description: FW length: 25 mm. Dorsal surface: Ground color of both wings deep brown with a complete series of brownish discal and submarginal spots, suffused with black scales on FW. HW costal cell above wholly yellowish, but at 2 mm of the base. Discal band scarcely evident, postdiscal spots elongated, marginal lunules nearly indistinguishable from ground color. Ventral surface: As in s. semiramis, but HW discal band and interneural yellow submarginal stripes wider. Allotype: female, Venezuela, Táchira, Tamá, La Revancha, ~ 7 ° 32 ' N 72 ° 23 ' W, 2800 m, III. 2004, in MIZA. Description: FW length: 25 mm. FW more rounded than in male. Dorsal surface: Lighter ground color. Light markings slightly more extended on FW and HW. HW with postdiscal spots larger than in the male, sub­ovate. Ventral surface: As in the male. Diagnostic characters: C. semiramis costarum is immediately distinguishable from s. semiramis by the almost entirely yellowish HW costal cell above, while in s. semiramis (and other semiramis subspecies) the basal half of that cell is brown or brownish, like the ground color. Paratypes (77 males, 4 females): 10 males, same data as holotype, in MIZA; 9 males, 1 female, same data as holotype; 2 males, same data, I. 2004; 19 males, sama data, III. 2004; 4 males, Venezuela, Táchira, Junín, Fundo Piedras Blancas, 2700 m, ~ 7 ° 32 ’ N 72 ° 23 ’ W, I. 2004 (local collectors); 7 males, idem, 2800 m; 4 males, idem, 3000 m; 1 male, idem, 3100 m, all in MBLI; 6 males, 1 female, same data as holotype; 4 males, same data, III. 2004, all in MCCV; 2 males, same data as holotype, in ANLK; 5 males, same data as holotype, in ZMJU; 1 male, Venezuela, Táchira, Tamá, Picacho La Cueva Del Oso, 3100 m, 14. IV. 1996; 1 female, Venezuela, Táchira, Rubio, Vega de la Pipa, 1000 m [sic!], 08. I. 2004; 1 female, Venezuela, Táchira, Tamá, La Revancha, 2800 m, III. 2004; 2 males, same data, III. 2004, in FRSV; 1 male, [Colombia], Santander, El Tamá, 3200 m, in JLBC. Additional specimens, not included in the type series: 2 males, Venezuela, Parque Nacional El Tamá, Páramo Tamá, 3100 – 3300 m, 17. IV. 1996 (T. Pyrcz), in AJWP. Distribution: Occurs between 2700 – 3200 m, on both the Colombian and Venezuelan sides of the El Tamá range. Individuals are not rare, although highly localized. Derivatio nominis. Named after Mauro and Clara Costa (Caracas, Venezuela), for their contribution to our knowledge of Venezuelan butterflies. The personal name Costa is Latin, giving the genitive costarum.	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
AC3E68017474F421CF08A44C6688FE28.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Medium to high altitudes from the southern West Cordillera of Colombia (ssp. socorrensis) to the northern (Sucumbíos and Tungurahua) and south­central (Azuay and Morona­Santiago) East Cordillera of Ecuador (ssp. cotopaxiensis). Always rare, with apparently disjunct distribution. The name of this species was spelled in two different ways in its original publication (Fassl, 1915), as soccorensis (p. 176), and sororrensis (explanation to plate 6), both of which are incorrect original spellings, as the name was clearly derived from Mount Socorro, the type locality. Therefore, under Art. 32.5.1 of the Code, we correct the spelling to socorrensis, as was adequately cited in a subsequent paper by Fassl (1916: 16).	en	Lamas, Gerardo, Bollino, Maurizio (2004): Revisional notes on the " amastris " group of Catasticta Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Zootaxa 605: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158584
