identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
6992B8E08B755EB293131D2D02D87092.text	6992B8E08B755EB293131D2D02D87092.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxosceles binfordae Duperre & Tapia 2024	<div><p>Loxosceles binfordae Duperre &amp; Tapia sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 4, 5, 6, 9C, D, H, Map 1</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Male holotype from Loja Province, Oña (-03.47523, -79.160351) 2242 m, 5.III.2020, hand collected under rocks and logs in dry area, N. Dupérré, E. Tapia, A. Tapia, ECFN 4457 (QCAZ). Paratypes: same data as holotype, 1♂5♀, ECFN 7662 7665-7667 7674 (QCAZ); Oña (-03.472523, -79.160351) 2242 m, 5.III.2020, hand collected under rocks and logs, N. Dupérré, E. Tapia, A. Tapia, 2♀ (ZMH-A0014264, 14625), 1♀ (ZMH-A0015437), 2♀ (ZMH-A0015488, 15489), 1♂, (ZMH-A0015490), 1♀ (ZMH-A0015614), 2♂3♀2juv. (ZMH-A0014266); 1♂2♀ (USNM), 1♂2♀ (AMNH), 2♂2♀ (QCAZ), 1♂2♀ (MCZ); (-03.471850, -79.168543) 2252 m, 16.XI.2021, hand collected under rocks in dry area, I. Tapia, ECFN 7657 (QCAZ).</p><p>Other material examined.</p><p>Ecuador: Loja Province: Oña (-03.472523, -79.160351) 2242 m, 5.III.2020, 1♂, 1juv., hand collected under rocks and logs, N. Dupérré, E. Tapia, A. Tapia ECFN 4520 (DTC); Oña (-03.471850, -79.168543) 2252 m, 16.XI.2021, 2♂ 7♀ 10juv., hand collected under rocks in dry area, I. Tapia ECFN 4515 7625 7630 7671 7654 7862 (DTC) .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Males most resemble L. taeniopalpis Simon, 1907 and L. inca Gertsch, 1967 but are distinguished by their shorter palpal femur and tibia, femur 7 × as long as wide, tibia 2.8 × long as wide (Fig. 5A, B), while in L. taeniopalpis the palpal femur is 8 × as long as wide and the tibia 3.5 × as long as wide (see Gertsch 1967:165, plate 11, fig. 4); and from L. inca by its leg formula 2413, while 2143 in L. inca (see Gertsch 1967: 163). Females most resemble L. taeniopalpis, L. inca and, L. guayllabamba sp. nov. but are distinguished by their spermathecae rounded, short (0.6 ×); with low, wide outer lobes (Fig. 6A-D, G, H) while in L. taeniopalpis the spermathecae are shorter than wide (0.3 ×) and with two outer lobes (Fig. 7C, D, arrows); from L. inca by their spermathecae with outer lobes (Fig. 6A-D, G, H) absent in the latter (see Gertsch 1967: pl.10 fig. 4) and from L. guayllabamba sp. nov., by their spermathecae shorter than wide (0.6 ×), while in the latter the spermathecae are as long as wide (1 ×) (Fig. 3A, C).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male (holotype): Total length: 7.78; carapace length: 3.29; carapace width: 2.6; abdomen length: 4.49.</p><p>Cephalothorax. Carapace orange-brown, piriform, pars cephalica darker; darker brown along radiation lines (Fig. 4A); clypeus 0.19, dark orange-brown.</p><p>Chelicerae. Dark orange-brown; fused basally, with chelated chelicerae laminae; stridulatory organ well developed with ~32 files; fangs reddish-brown, paler distally; sternum light yellow, longer than wide; labium light orange, trapezoidal, fused to sternum; endites orange, white apically; longer than wide (Fig. 4B).</p><p>Eyes. Six eyes in three diads; PME: 0.14, ALE: 0.21, PLE: 0.18, PLE-PLE: 0.82 (Fig. 6A).</p><p>Abdomen. Dorsally and ventrally light grayish, elongated oval (Fig. 4A, B); colulus triangular.</p><p>Legs. Light orange-brown, femur slightly darker (Fig. 4A, B). Legs measurements: I 17.77 (4.82/1.09/5.03/5.36/1.47); II 19.2 (5.14/0.88/5.74/5.81/-1.63); III 15.57 (4.37/0.86/4.12/5.25/0.97); IV 17.93 (4.92/1.02/4.93/5.66/1.4). Leg formula: 2413.</p><p>Palp. Femora light yellow-orange, long and thin (2.25 length /0.32 width = 7.0 ×) with stridulatory pick basally (Fig. 5A); patellae light yellow-orange; tibiae orange, long (1.27 length /0.45 width = 2.8 ×) and thin (Fig. 5C); straight dorsally, slightly bulging than ventrally; tarsus reddish-orange (Fig. 5A, B). Palp bulb rounded, with an evenly, widely curved embolus; tip twisted at (1/3) of embolus tip (Fig. 9C, D arrow).</p><p>Female (paratype): Total length: 10.5; carapace length: 4.4; carapace width: 3.56; abdomen length: 6.1.</p><p>Cephalothorax. Carapace brown, piriform, without violin-shaped pattern dorsally; darker brown along radiation lines and fovea (Fig. 4C); clypeus 0.41, dark brown.</p><p>Chelicerae. Dark reddish-brown; fused basally, with chelated chelicerae laminae; stridulatory organ well developed with ~22 files; fangs reddish-brown, paler distally. Sternum orange, longer than wide; labium reddish-brown, trapezoidal, fused to sternum; endites reddish-brown, white apically; longer than wide (Fig. 4D).</p><p>Eyes. Six eyes in three diads; PME: 0.14, ALE: 0.18, PLE: 021, PLE-PLE: 1.22 (Fig. 4C).</p><p>Abdomen. Dorsally dark grayish, elongated oval (Fig. 4C); ventrally light gray (Fig. 4D); colulus triangular.</p><p>Legs. Light orange-brown, femur slightly darker (Fig. 4C, D). Legs measurements: I 20.4 (5.53/1.3/6.58/5.52/1.47); II 22.14 (6.04/1.46/6.76/6.34/-1.54); III 18.62 (5.43/1.39/4.88/5.57/1.35); IV 21.93 (6.05/1.54/6.13/6.48/1.73). Leg formula: 2413.</p><p>Palp. Femur light orange with basal stridulatory pick; patellae light orange; tibia and tarsus dark reddish brown.</p><p>Genitalia. Spermathecae bean-shaped, rounded apically, with wide outer lobes (Fig. 6A, arrow); short, wider than long (0.6 ×); bases of spermathecae wide (Fig. 6A-D, G, H).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific name is in honor of Greta Binford, arachnologist and evolutionary biologist, in recognition of her research on Loxosceles venom and systematics.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only known from the type locality.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Females and males were collected under rocks in a semi-deciduous shrubland of the southern Andean valleys (Fig. 11A).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6992B8E08B755EB293131D2D02D87092	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Duperre, Nadine;Harms, Danilo;Crespo-Perez, Veronica;Tapia, Elicio	Duperre, Nadine, Harms, Danilo, Crespo-Perez, Veronica, Tapia, Elicio (2024): Two new species of the spider genus Loxosceles (Araneae, Sicariidae) from the Ecuadorian Andes. Evolutionary Systematics 8 (1): 1-14, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.107213, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.107213
384BC198011055FEB90B9156BB004067.text	384BC198011055FEB90B9156BB004067.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxosceles guayllabamba Duperre & Tapia 2024	<div><p>Loxosceles guayllabamba Duperre &amp; Tapia sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 3, 9A, B, G, Map 1</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Male holotype from Ecuador, Pichincha Province, Quito, Lirios de Carcelen (-00.083424, -78.456323) 2586 m, 17 Nov. 2019, hand collected in holes and under rocks in dry area, E. Tapia, De Rossi Tapia, ECFN 3678 (QCAZ). Paratypes: same data as holotype: 1♀, ECFN 2777 (QCAZ); 1♂, ECFN 3677 (QCAZ); 1♀ ECFN 7773 (QCAZ) 2♀, ECFN 7768 7769 (QCAZ); 2♀1♂ ECFN 7764 (AMNH); 3♀ ECFN 7766 7772 (ZMH-A0014267, A0014268, A0014270); 2♂3juv., hand collected in house, E. Tapia, De Rossi Tapia,(ZMH-A0014271); 1♂, hand collected in garage, E. Tapia, De Rossi Tapia, ECFN 3676 (ZMH-A0015445); 1♂ ECFN 7762 (ZMH-A0014269); 1♀1♂ (USNM); 1♀1♂ (MCZ).</p><p>Other material examined.</p><p>Ecuador: Pichincha: Bosque Protector Jerusalem (00.000075, -78.355095) 7♂ 10♀, collected under rocks, dead trees, old tree bark and old Agave leaves, 23.XII.2022, E. E. Tapia (QCAZ, ZMH-A0019764, 19765, USNM); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.93889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.40562502" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.93889/lat 0.40562502)">Quito</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.93889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.40562502" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.93889/lat 0.40562502)">Lirios de Carcelen</a> (-00.083424, -78.456323) 2586 m, 17 Nov. 2019, 2juv., hand collected in holes and under rocks in dry area, E. Tapia, De Rossi Tapia (ZMH-A0015443, A0015444); 3♂ 2♀ 5juv., ECFN 7761 7763 7765 7767 7771 7774 7937 7938 (DTC). Imbabura: Pimapiro [00°24'20.25"N, 77°56'20"W] 2038 m, 5 Jan 2003, 1♂ 1♀, R. Cardenas (QCAZ) .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Males most resemble L. rufipes (Lucas, 1834) and L. lutea Keyserling, 1877 but are distinguished as such: from L. rufipes by their shorter, non-sinuous embolus (Fig. 2A, B, D) while in the latter the embolus is long and sinuous (see Gertsch and Ennik 1983: fig. 335); from L. lutea by their palpal tibia not thickened in basal third and femur longer (6.5 × longer than wide) (Fig. 2A, B), while palpal tibia thicker in basal third (Fig. 8A, B; Gertsch 1967: plate 19, fig. 1) and 4.2 × longer than wide (Gertsch 1967: 166). Females most resemble L. alicea Gertsch, 1967, L. lutea, and L. binfordae sp. nov. but are distinguished by their short spermathecae (as long as wide) with wide bases and small pointed outer lobes (Fig. 3A-D, G, H); while L. alicea Gertsch, 1967 has spermathecae without outer lobes (Gertsch 1967: plate 10, fig. 11); L. lutea has elongated (1.3 × longer than wide) and constricted spermathecae (Fig. 7G, H) and L. binfordae sp. nov. has shorter (0.6 × longer than wide) spermathecae with wide outer lobes (Fig. 6A-D, G, H).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male (holotype): Total length: 6.06; carapace length: 2.7; carapace width: 2.28; abdomen length: 3.36.</p><p>Cephalothorax. Carapace light yellow-brown, piriform, with darker red-brown pars cephalica dorsally (Fig. 1A); clypeus 0.22, light brown. Sternum light yellow, longer than wide; labium light yellow, trapezoidal, fused to sternum; endites yellow, white apically; longer than wide (Fig. 1B).</p><p>Chelicerae. Orange-brown; fused basally, with chelated chelicerae laminae; stridulatory organ well developed with ~34 files; fangs orange-brown, paler distally.</p><p>Eyes. Six eyes in three diads; PME: 0.12, ALE: 0.14, PLE: 016, PLE-PLE: 0.77 (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Abdomen. Dorsally grayish, elongated oval (Fig. 1A); ventrally light gray (Fig. 1B); colulus triangular.</p><p>Legs. Light yellow (Fig. 1A, B). Legs measurements: I 15.18 (4.10/0.73/4.49/4.59/1.27); II 18.32 (4.54/0.76/5.21/-5.27/1.54); III 13.37 (3.78/0.61/3.66/4.02/1.30); IV 15.45 (4.15/0.75/4.28/4.81/1.46). Leg formula: 2413.</p><p>Palp. Femora light yellow, long and thin (1.91 length/0.29 width = 6.5 ×) with stridulatory pick basally (Fig. 2A); patellae light yellow; tibiae light yellow, (1.07 length /0.56 width = 1.9 ×) long and thick, almost straight dorsally, thicker mid-ventrally; tarsus dark reddish orange (Fig. 2A, C). Palp bulb oval, with evenly, tightly curved embolus (Fig. 2B, D); tip of embolus not twisted (Fig. 9A, B, arrow).</p><p>Female (paratype): Total length: 8.03; carapace length: 3.27; carapace width: 2.7; abdomen length: 4.76.</p><p>Cephalothorax. Carapace red-brown, piriform; darker brown along radiation lines and fovea (Fig. 1C); clypeus 0.26, dark brown. Sternum orange, longer than wide; labium reddish-brown, trapezoidal, fused to sternum; endites reddish-brown, white apically; longer than wide (Fig. 1D).</p><p>Chelicerae. Dark reddish-brown; fused basally, with chelated chelicerae laminae; stridulatory organ well developed with ~29 files; fangs reddish-brown, paler distally.</p><p>Eyes. Six eyes in three diads; PME: 0.14, ALE: 0.16, PLE: 016, PLE-PLE: 0.98 (Fig. 1C). Abdomen. Dorsally grayish, elongated oval (Fig. 1C); ventrally light gray; colulus triangular (Fig. 1D).</p><p>Legs. Orange-brown (Fig. 1C, D). Legs measurements: I 13.73 (3.68/0.79/4.08/3.88/1.30); II 15.33 (4.42/0.88/4.59/4.03/1.41); III missing; IV 15.11 (4.41/0.87/3.93/4.52/1.38). Leg formula: 241-.</p><p>Palp. Femur light orange with basal stridulatory pick; patellae light orange; tibia and tarsus dark reddish brown.</p><p>Genitalia. Spermathecae elongated, apically rounded; as long as wide (1 ×); with small pointed outer lobe (Fig. 3A, arrow); bases of spermathecae wide (Fig. 3A-D, G, H).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the region where the species was collected, Guayllabamba parish.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Ecuador, Imbabura and Pichincha provinces.</p><p>Natural history.</p><p>Specimens were collected between 2038-2586 m in the inter-Andean valley. Most specimens were collected under rocks, debris, in between leaves of dead Agave plants, and a few specimens were collected in a house or in adjacent garage (Fig. 10).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/384BC198011055FEB90B9156BB004067	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Duperre, Nadine;Harms, Danilo;Crespo-Perez, Veronica;Tapia, Elicio	Duperre, Nadine, Harms, Danilo, Crespo-Perez, Veronica, Tapia, Elicio (2024): Two new species of the spider genus Loxosceles (Araneae, Sicariidae) from the Ecuadorian Andes. Evolutionary Systematics 8 (1): 1-14, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.107213, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.107213
075124DB7BB75DC49593828D084D14F4.text	075124DB7BB75DC49593828D084D14F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe 1832	<div><p>Genus Loxosceles Heineken &amp; Lowe, 1832</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Loxosceles citigrada Heineken &amp; Lowe, 1832.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Members of the genus Loxosceles are distinguished from all other Sicariidae, Sicarius and Hexophthalma, by the absence of soil-adhering setae and a large colulus, soil-adhering setae present and large colulus absent in the latter genera (Magalhaes et al. 2017).</p><p>Description.</p><p>(For complete description see Gertsch 1967). Medium-sized spiders (6-12 mm); two tarsal claws; ecribellate; haplogyne; six-eyes in three diads; chelicerae with stridulatory files; stridulatory pick at base of palpal femur.</p><p>Composition.</p><p>143 species (World Spider Catalog 2023), plus the two new species herein described: L. binfordae sp. nov. and L. guayllabamba sp. nov.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Americas, Southern Africa, the Mediterranean region, and South Europe.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/075124DB7BB75DC49593828D084D14F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Duperre, Nadine;Harms, Danilo;Crespo-Perez, Veronica;Tapia, Elicio	Duperre, Nadine, Harms, Danilo, Crespo-Perez, Veronica, Tapia, Elicio (2024): Two new species of the spider genus Loxosceles (Araneae, Sicariidae) from the Ecuadorian Andes. Evolutionary Systematics 8 (1): 1-14, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.107213, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.107213
