identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B55C7B1AED6E8D74FE10A153D3A0F8F0.text	B55C7B1AED6E8D74FE10A153D3A0F8F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loureedia Miller, Griswold, Scharff, Řezáč, Szűts & Marhabaie 2012	<div><p>Loureedia Miller, Griswold, Scharff, Řezáčc, Sz ű uts and Marhabaie, 2012 .</p><p>Loureedia Miller et al., 2012: 81 [1] (original description).</p><p>Loureedia: Henriques et al. 2018: 5 [3]; Zamani and Marusik 2020: 239 [6].</p><p>Type species: Eresus annulipes Lucas, 1857, Patria ignota (unknown site).</p><p>Diagnosis. The most diagnostic character of the genus is the bifid conductor of the male palp (Figure 4). See also Miller et al. [1].</p><p>Composition. Six species: L. annulipes, L. colleni, L. jerbae, L. lucasi, L. maroccana, and L. phoenixi .</p><p>Distribution. Spain, North Africa, and the Middle East (east to Iran) (see Figure 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B55C7B1AED6E8D74FE10A153D3A0F8F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Szűts, Tamás;Szabó, Krisztián;Zamani, Alireza;Forman, Martin;Miller, Jeremy;Oger, Pierre;Fabregat, Magali;Kovács, Gábor;Gál, János	Szűts, Tamás, Szabó, Krisztián, Zamani, Alireza, Forman, Martin, Miller, Jeremy, Oger, Pierre, Fabregat, Magali, Kovács, Gábor, Gál, János (2023): A Study in Scarlet: Integrative Taxonomy of the Spider Genus Loureedia (Araneae: Eresidae). Diversity (238) 15 (2): 1-26, DOI: 10.3390/d15020238, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15020238
B55C7B1AED6D8D7BFE10A1C9D383FEE8.text	B55C7B1AED6D8D7BFE10A1C9D383FEE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loureedia annulipes (Lucas 1857)	<div><p>Loureedia annulipes (Lucas, 1857) .</p><p>Figure 1A,B, Figures 2E, 4C, 5, 6C, 7C and 8C.</p><p>Eresus annulipes Lucas, 1857: 21 (♂) [4] (original description).</p><p>Eresus semicanus Simon, 1908: 83 (♂) [9].</p><p>Eresus semicanus: Simon 1911: 294, Fig 5 (♂) [24]; El-Hennawy 2004: 28, Figs 2A,B, 3A–C and 4A,B (♂♀) [10].</p><p>Stegodyphus annulipes: Kraus &amp; Kraus 1992: 15, 19 [5].</p><p>Loureedia annulipes: Miller et al. 2012: 88, Figs 1G–H, 4I, 9I–L, 13G–I, 18A, D, 62A–J, 63A–F, 64A–D, 65A–F, 66A–F, and 67A–F (♂♀) [1]; Henriques et al. 2018: 5, Fig 2a–h (♂♀) [3]; Zamani and Marusik 2020: 242, Fig 3g (♂) [6].</p><p>Type material. Holotype: male (AR5391, NMHN), Patria Ignota (unknown site) (not examined).</p><p>Other examined material. One male (HUJ Ara 16551), ISRAEL: Southern District: Negev desert, 1 km north of Kibbutz Retamim, 29.X.2016 (leg. Reut A. Ein-Gil).</p><p>Diagnosis. The male palp of L. annulipes (Figures 4C, 6C, 7C and 8C) is most similar to that of L. colleni (Figures 4F, 6F, 7F and 8F), with the retrolateral arm of the conductor being much longer than the prolateral arm and bearing a gradual curvature and a blunt tip (see Figure 4C,F). The male of L. annulipes can be distinguished from that of L. colleni by the wider stem of the conductor (Figure 4C), bearing a distinct concavity on the mesal margin (Figure 4C) vs. a narrower stem (Figure 4F) with an almost straight mesal margin (Figure 4F), the curved tip of the retrolateral arm (Figures 4C, 6C and 7C) of the conductor, and the abdominal coloration pattern consisting of numerous white spots (Figure 1A,B and Figure 2E) and two longitudinal, interrupted yellowish stripes (Figures 1B and 2E) vs. one or two white semi-foliate patterns in some individuals in the form of two large patches (Figures 1E and 2A). The females of the two species can be differentiated by the epigynal fovea (i.e., the median lobe described by Miller et al. [1]), which is almost as long as it is wide in L. annulipes (see Miller et al. [1]: Fig 18A) vs. longer than wide in L. colleni (see Henriques et al. [3]: Fig 9C).</p><p>Description. Male. Habitus as in Figure 1A,B and Figure 2E. Total length: 8.01. Carapace: 4.40 long and 3.65 wide. Abdomen: 3.79 long and 3.20 wide. Eye sizes and inter-eye distances: AME 0.27, PME 0.23, ALE 0.12, PLE 0.12, AME–AME 0.34, and ALE– AME 0.93. The carapace, sternum, labium, chelicerae, and maxillae dark brown. The carapace mostly covered with fine, long, black and shorter white and orange setae. The pars cephalica in most individuals with a localized triangular patch of red scales (absent in some individuals, see Miller et al. [1]: Fig 1G).</p><p>The center of the pars cephalica covered with orange setae, and the posterior part covered with fine white setae. Legs covered with thin black hairs, with distinct regions of white hairs at the joints of all segments, forming distinct white annulations. Abdomen velvet black; a foliate pattern with a black median elongated patch forming four pairs of elongated dots with orange markings on the inner parts and white markings on the outer parts. White patches unify at the posterior part of dorsum. Measurements of legs: I: 8.59 (2.99, 1.37, 1.71, 1.57, 0.94); II: 7.91 (2.47, 1.59, 1.41, 1.53, 0.89); III: 6.63 (2.31, 1.10, 1.21, 1.29, 0.70); IV: 9.56 (3.05, 1.82, 2.01, 1.77, 0.89).</p><p>Palp as in Figures 4C, 6C, 7C and 8C. The stem of the conductor ca. 1.5 times longer than wide. The mesal and ectal margins of the conductor with slight curvatures. The retrolateral arm of the conductor ca. 2.5 times longer than the prolateral arm, and with blunt tip; prolateral arm with a pointed tip.</p><p>Female. Deciphering the identity of females of this species is still in progress. Miller et al. [1] described the females based on both L. jerbae and L. annulipes specimens. The two females are indeed very similar, and comparative material is still being collected.</p><p>Variation. The number of white patches on the dorsal surface of the abdomen varies, typically from four to six pairs. They may be connected to each other at their inner margins in some specimens. There is also variation in the width of the median black stripe and the extent of the orange markings. Some specimens have a white band on the anterior portion of the abdomen.</p><p>Natural history. Known from the sandy dunes of the Negev desert (Figure 9A,B).</p><p>Phenology. The males are active during October–November.</p><p>Distribution. Reliably known only from Israel (Southern District) (see Figure 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B55C7B1AED6D8D7BFE10A1C9D383FEE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Szűts, Tamás;Szabó, Krisztián;Zamani, Alireza;Forman, Martin;Miller, Jeremy;Oger, Pierre;Fabregat, Magali;Kovács, Gábor;Gál, János	Szűts, Tamás, Szabó, Krisztián, Zamani, Alireza, Forman, Martin, Miller, Jeremy, Oger, Pierre, Fabregat, Magali, Kovács, Gábor, Gál, János (2023): A Study in Scarlet: Integrative Taxonomy of the Spider Genus Loureedia (Araneae: Eresidae). Diversity (238) 15 (2): 1-26, DOI: 10.3390/d15020238, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15020238
B55C7B1AED608D7CFE10A37FD525FBCF.text	B55C7B1AED608D7CFE10A37FD525FBCF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loureedia colleni Henriques, Miaeano and Perez-Zarcos 2018	<div><p>Loureedia colleni Henriques, Miaeano and Pérez-Zarcos, 2018 .</p><p>Figures 1E, 2A, 4E, 5, 6F, 7F, 8F, 10 and 15.</p><p>Loureedia colleni Henriques, Miaeano and Pérez-Zarcos in Henriques et al., 2018: 8, Figs 3, 4–8a–c, 9a–d, 13b and S–S 12 (♂♀) [3] (original description).</p><p>Loureedia colleni: Zamani and Marusik 2020: 242, Fig 3i (♂) [6].</p><p>Type material. Holotype: male (MNCN), SPAIN: Andalucía: Granada province, 820 m a.s.l., 10.X.2010 (leg. Carlos Jerez del Valle) (not examined).</p><p>Other examined material. Two males and one female (HNHM 9207, 9209, and 9215), SPAIN: Andalucía: Almería Province, Sierra de Gádor, Vícar, 36 ◦ 49 Į 03.0 ĮĮ N, 2 ◦ 39 Į 14.1 ĮĮ W, 820 m a.s.l., 10.IX. 2017 (leg. Magali Fabregat).</p><p>Diagnosis. This species differs from all of its congeners by the black-and-white coloration pattern of the male (Figures 1E and 2A) vs. having yellowish to scarlet red abdominal patterns (see Figures 1A–D and 2B–F). The male palp of L. colleni (Figures 4F, 6F, 7F and 8F) is most similar to that of L. annulipes (Figure 4C), as the prolateral arm of the conductor is much shorter than the retrolateral arm (Figure 4F), which bears a gradual curvature (7F). The male of L. colleni can be diagnosed by the narrower stem of the conductor (Figure 6F), with an almost straight mesal margin (Figure 4F). The female can be recognized by an epigynal fovea that is longer than it is wide (see Henriques et al. [3]: Fig 8a).</p><p>Description. Male. Habitus as in Figures 1E and 2A. Total length: 6.43. Carapace: 3.35 long and 2.84 wide. Abdomen: 3.19 long and 2.55 wide. Eye sizes and inter-eye distances: AME 0.14, PME 0.16, ALE 0.04, PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.30, and ALE–AME 0.76. The carapace, sternum, labium, chelicerae, and maxillae black. Carapace mostly covered with long black setae and scattered shorter white setae. White setae localized densely on the pars thoracica and form a triangle on the pars cephalica (Figure 1E). Legs covered with thick white hairs. Abdomen velvet black with a longitudinal median white foliate pattern bearing a distinct mediolateral lobe; the most anterior part of the folium merging and forming a distinct white spot. Measurements of legs: I: 7.15 (2.07, 1.16, 1.45, 1.43, 1.01); II: 6.33 (1.94, 1.19, 1.18, 1.22, 0.78); III: 5.44 (1.85, 0.80, 1.08, 1.01, 0.68); IV: 7.29 (2.32, 1.28, 1.56, 1.39, 0.71).</p><p>Palp as in Figures 4F, 6F, 7F and 8F. The stem of the conductor ca. 1.5 times longer than wide. The mesal margin of the conductor almost straight, and the ectal margin with an apical invagination. The retrolateral arm of the conductor ca. 2.5 times longer than the prolateral arm, and both arms with blunt tips.</p><p>Female. See Henriques et al. [3].</p><p>Variation. A wide array of abdominal pattern variations has already been illustrated [3]. The highest amount of variation occurs in the white foliate pattern, which may either be solid or form two large separate patches. Here, we examined two distinct color pattern forms (Figure 15A,B). Minor variations also occur on the male palp; these are considered intraspecific variations, as the COI sequences of the two males were identical, whereas they were slightly different (99.965% similarity) from that of the female.</p><p>Natural history. The species’ habitat preference has already been described [3]. The examined specimens were collected on a hillside with south and south-east exposure in a semi-arid open area (Figure 9D) with short, sparse vegetation. The vegetation in this area mainly consists of degraded bushes, tufts of thyme, thorny broom, Launaea arborescens, and Ononis natrix hispanica . The soil is mainly puddingstone, made up of the Alpujarride complex and Baetic/Penibaetic cordillera, covered with small flat stones.</p><p>Several webs have been observed in multiple similar biotopes in Andalusia. This singular web pattern turned out to be common, and adult and juvenile specimens both constructed it (including those who were kept alive in captivity). The very discreet webs are located under small stones on the ground. This structure provides the spider with protection against the elements: mainly intense heat but also wind and rare precipitation. Hunting canopies are very short and simple compared to those woven by species of Eresus . The details of a retreat are illustrated in Figure 10A–E. Sectional views of the canvas and lodge assembly (between the stone and the ground) are depicted in Figure 10A,B. The main lodge, located below the surface of the stone, is the main living space. Females have been observed in captivity to consume their prey and sometimes molt or copulate (sharing this lodge with the male) in this area. Hunting behavior is mainly sit-and-wait. Vibration is received from the external radial silk lines. The periphery of this lodge consists of dense cribellate silk, mixed with small pieces of agglomerated soil, anchored both to the ground and under the stone. From the main lodge, two separate exits with two capture canopies exist. The silk retreat is covered with a trapdoor-like hatch made of thick cribellate silk with soil particles in it (Figure 10C–E).</p><p>Phenology. Males are active during February–November.</p><p>Distribution. Spain (Albacete, Alicante, Almería, Ciudad Real, Granada, Madrid, and Murcia provinces) (see Figure 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B55C7B1AED608D7CFE10A37FD525FBCF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Szűts, Tamás;Szabó, Krisztián;Zamani, Alireza;Forman, Martin;Miller, Jeremy;Oger, Pierre;Fabregat, Magali;Kovács, Gábor;Gál, János	Szűts, Tamás, Szabó, Krisztián, Zamani, Alireza, Forman, Martin, Miller, Jeremy, Oger, Pierre, Fabregat, Magali, Kovács, Gábor, Gál, János (2023): A Study in Scarlet: Integrative Taxonomy of the Spider Genus Loureedia (Araneae: Eresidae). Diversity (238) 15 (2): 1-26, DOI: 10.3390/d15020238, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15020238
B55C7B1AED668D7EFE10A62AD5E0FD59.text	B55C7B1AED668D7EFE10A62AD5E0FD59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loureedia jerbae (El-Hennawy 2005)	<div><p>Loureedia jerbae (El-Hennawy, 2005) .</p><p>Figures 1D, 2D, 4B, 5, 6B, 7B, 8B and 11A,B.</p><p>Eresus jerbae El-Hennawy, 2005: 88, Figs 1–4 (♀) [11] (original description).</p><p>Loureedia annulipes Miller et al. 2012: 88 [1] (synonymy with L. annulipes; rejected here).</p><p>Type material. Holotype: female (MNHN 471 / AR 835), TUNISIA: Djerba; misidentified as Eresus petagnae (not examined) .</p><p>Other examined material. One male (HNHM), TUNISIA: Djerba, Djerba Midun, 33 ◦ 48 Į 36.2 ĮĮ N, 11 ◦ 02 Į 38.3 ĮĮ E, X. 2019 (leg. S. Macík).</p><p>Diagnosis. The male palp of L. jerbae (Figures 4B, 6B, 7B and 8B) is most similar to that of L. phoenixi (Figures 4A, 6A, 7A and 8A), as the arms of the conductor are almost the same length and bear pointed tips and the terminal portion of the prolateral arm curves retrolaterally (Figure 4A,B). The male palp of L. jerbae differs from that of L. phoenixi, in that the longer stem of the conductor bears only a slight curvature along its ectal margin (Figures 4B and 7B) vs. a shorter stem with an abrupt invagination on the ectal margin (Figures 4A and 7A), the retrolateral arm of the conductor is slightly longer than the prolateral one (Figure 4B) vs. both arms of the same length (Figure 4A), and the base of the prolateral arm of the conductor is wider (Figures 4B and 7B). The male coloration pattern of L. jerbae (Figures 1D and 2D) is similar to those of L. maroccana (Figures 1C and 2B) and L. lucasi (Fig 2C, Henriques et al. [3]: Fig 1d); it differs from both species by having numerous white spots and short stripes at the tips of the lateral branches of the median abdominal foliate pattern (Figures 1D and 2D) vs. no white spots (Fig 2B, Gál et al. [2]: Fig 1) or only a few very small spots (Fig 2C, Henriques et al. [3]: Fig 1d). It also differs from L. lucasi by having a reddish posterior part on the carapace (Figure 2D) vs. dark (Figure 2C). The female of L. jerbae differs from that of L. lucasi by its longer than wide epigynal windows (see El-Hennawy [11]: Figs 1–4) vs. round (see Henriques et al. [3]: Fig 1e,f).</p><p>Description. Male. Habitus as in Figures 1D, 2D and 11A,B. Total length: ca. 8.00. Carapace: 4.61 long and 3.61 wide. Abdomen: 4.09 long and 3.49 wide. Eye sizes and intereye distances: AME 0.12, PME 1.89, ALE 0.03, PLE 0.03, AME–AME 0.09, and ALE–AME 0.30. The carapace, sternum, labium, chelicerae, and maxillae dark brown. Carapace mostly covered with long black setae and scattered short crimson and white scales. Scale patches of short red setae present mostly on the sides of the pars thoracica and the center of the pars cephalica, with two white spots next to the PLE. Legs covered with thin black hairs, with distinct regions of white hairs at the joints of all segments, forming distinct white annulation (Figure 2D). Abdomen with a crimson red longitudinal foliate pattern with white lines at its lateral extensions. The most anterior part of the median globular pattern with three lobes: white lateral lobes and a crimson red anterior lobe. Measurements of legs: I: 9.11 (3.04, 1.55, 1.86, 1.58, 1.06); II: 8.85 (2.76, 1.62, 1.72, 1.63, 1.11); III: 7.57 (2.63, 1.39, 1.50, 1.32, 0.71); IV: 10.2 (3.25, 1.60, 2.25, 2.03, 1.03).</p><p>Palp as in Figures 4B, 6B, 7B and 8B. The stem of the conductor ca. two times longer than wide. The mesal margin of the conductor almost straight. The ectal margin with a slight medial invagination. The retrolateral arm of the conductor slightly longer than the prolateral arm. The retrolateral arm curves centrally, and both arms with pointed tips.</p><p>Female. See El-Hennawy [11], which is the only source regarding this species so far.</p><p>Variation. There are two observations of Loureedia from Tunisia on iNaturalist: one from Bizerte, with a very similar abdominal pattern to our specimen. The second specimen, although from Djerba, has noticeably larger white spots lateral to the median red band; two individuals with the same pattern have been photographed in northwestern Libya, not far from Djerba. Likely, these specimens belong to L. jerbae, although it is necessary to examine them to confirm this.</p><p>Natural history. No information.</p><p>Phenology. Males are active during October.</p><p>Distribution. Tunisia (Djerba) (see Figure 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B55C7B1AED668D7EFE10A62AD5E0FD59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Szűts, Tamás;Szabó, Krisztián;Zamani, Alireza;Forman, Martin;Miller, Jeremy;Oger, Pierre;Fabregat, Magali;Kovács, Gábor;Gál, János	Szűts, Tamás, Szabó, Krisztián, Zamani, Alireza, Forman, Martin, Miller, Jeremy, Oger, Pierre, Fabregat, Magali, Kovács, Gábor, Gál, János (2023): A Study in Scarlet: Integrative Taxonomy of the Spider Genus Loureedia (Araneae: Eresidae). Diversity (238) 15 (2): 1-26, DOI: 10.3390/d15020238, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15020238
B55C7B1AED648D60FE10A080D2BCFE6E.text	B55C7B1AED648D60FE10A080D2BCFE6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loureedia maroccana Gal, Kovacs, Bagyo, Vari and Prazsak 2017	<div><p>Loureedia maroccana Gál, Kovács, Bagyó, Vári and Prazsák, 2017 .</p><p>Figures 1B, 2C, 3, 4E, 6D,E, 7D,E, 8D,E, 11C–E, Figures 12–14.</p><p>Loureedia maroccana Gál et al., 2017: 12, Figs 1, 2, 3A–C and 4A–D (♂) [2] (original description).</p><p>L. lucasi: Henriques et al. 2018: 5 [3] (in part; synonymy with L. lucasi; rejected here).</p><p>Type material. Holotype: male (HNHM Araneae-8869), MOROCCO: Khémisset Province: near Sidi Boukhalkhal, 04.XI.2013 (leg. J. Gál). Paratypes: two males (HNHM Araneae-9007), same data as for the holotype (examined).</p><p>Other examined material. One male (PCGJ), MOROCCO: Khémisset Province: near Sidi Boukhalkhal, 04.XI.2013 (leg. J. Gál), and one male (PCGJ), MOROCCO: Khémisset Province: near Sidi Boukhalkhal, XI.2021 (leg. J. Gál) .</p><p>Remark: For a closer examination, the right palp of the holotype was removed and illustrated. However, the retrolateral arm of the conductor was accidentally damaged by the first author (see Figure 12). One palp of one of the paratypes was removed for SEM, while the other one was also unintentionally damaged. These structures seemingly become fragile when deposited in 96% alcohol. Due to the relatively low number of specimens available, both the original (intact Figures 6E, 7E and 8E and 12A) and damaged states (Figures 6D, 7D, 8D and 12B,C) of the holotype’s palp were illustrated.</p><p>Diagnosis. The male palp of L. maroccana (Figures 3, 4E, 6E, 7E, 13 and 14A–N) is similar to that of L. lucasi (Figures 4D and 14O), as it has a relatively short stem of the conductor (Figure 4D,E) and the retrolateral arm of the conductor is longer than the prolateral arm (Figures 4D,E and 6E). It differs from it, as both arms of the conductor bear pointed tips (Figures 4E, 6D,E, 7D,E and 8D,E) vs. blunt (Figure 4D), there is a deeper concavity on the frontal margin of the conductor (Figures 3 and 4E), and there is an almost straight ectal margin (Figures 4E and 7D,E) at the stem of conductor (Figure 3A) vs. with a distinct invagination apically (Figure 4D). The basal margin of the conductor (Figure 3A) is also wider in L. maroccana, and the prolateral arm is wider and longer (Figures 4E and 7E) than that of L. lucasi (Figure 4D). The two species are also very similar in the male coloration pattern (Figure 2B,C) but differ due to the reddish posterior part of the carapace in L. maroccana (Figures 1C and 2B) vs. dark (Fig 2C, Henriques et al. [3]: Fig 1d). Moreover, the male of L. maroccana lacks minute white spots on the dorsal abdominal surface (Figure 1C) which are present in L. lucasi (Figure 2C).</p><p>Description. Male. Habitus as in Figures 1C, 2B and 10C–E. Total length: 8.77. Carapace: 4.39 long and 4.01 wide. Abdomen: 4.89 long and 3.97 wide. Eye sizes and inter-eye distances: AME 0.22, PME 0.19, ALE 0.12, PLE 0.20, AME–AME 0.39, and ALE–AME 1.08. The Carapace, sternum, labium, chelicerae, and maxillae dark brown with tones of red. Carapace mostly covered with long black and scarlet setae (these become orange (Figure 10C) when bleached in alcohol; see the specimen depicted in Gál et al. [2]: Fig 2B) and with very few scattered short white setae on the posterior part of pars cephalica. Pars cephalica well covered with scarlet red scales. Legs covered with thin black hairs, with distinct regions of white hairs at the joints, forming distinct white annulations. Abdomen with a compact longitudinal median red stripe with lateral projections with tiny white spots at their tips. The most anterior pair of the crimson red pattern quadrangle with three lobes. The lateral lobes with white tips. Leg measurements: I: 10.2 (3.21, 1.73, 1.95, 1.97, 1.33); II: 9.28 (3.05, 1.56, 1.72, 1.83, 1.10); III: 8.28 (2.78, 1.72, 1.55, 1.50, 0.71); IV: 10.4 (3.28, 1.66, 2.31, 2.15, 0.98).</p><p>Palp as in Figures 3, 4E, 6E, 7E, 8E, 12, 13 and 14. The stem of the conductor almost as long as wide (Figure 14). The mesal and ectal margins of the conductor with slight curvatures (Figures 3 and 14). The retrolateral arm of the conductor ca. 1.5 times longer than the prolateral arm (Figure 13A–C) and slightly curved centrally. Both arms have pointed tips (Figures 4E and 13A–C).</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Natural history. No information.</p><p>Phenology. The males are active during October–November.</p><p>Distribution. Morocco (Khémisset Province) (see Figure 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B55C7B1AED648D60FE10A080D2BCFE6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Szűts, Tamás;Szabó, Krisztián;Zamani, Alireza;Forman, Martin;Miller, Jeremy;Oger, Pierre;Fabregat, Magali;Kovács, Gábor;Gál, János	Szűts, Tamás, Szabó, Krisztián, Zamani, Alireza, Forman, Martin, Miller, Jeremy, Oger, Pierre, Fabregat, Magali, Kovács, Gábor, Gál, János (2023): A Study in Scarlet: Integrative Taxonomy of the Spider Genus Loureedia (Araneae: Eresidae). Diversity (238) 15 (2): 1-26, DOI: 10.3390/d15020238, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15020238
B55C7B1AED7A8D60FE10A06AD5ADF84F.text	B55C7B1AED7A8D60FE10A06AD5ADF84F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loureedia phoenixi Zamani and Marusik 2020	<div><p>Loureedia phoenixi Zamani and Marusik, 2020 .</p><p>Figures 1F, 2F, 6, 7 and 8A.</p><p>Loureedia sp.: Henriques et al. 2018: 7, Fig 2h (♂) [3].</p><p>Loureedia phoenixi Zamani and Marusik, 2020: 240, Figs 1a–f, 2a–d and 3a–f (♂) [6] (original description).</p><p>Loureedia phoenixi: Zamani et al. 2021: 282, Fig 2A–D (♂) [22].</p><p>Type material. Holotype: male (MHNG), IRAN: Alborz Province: Karaj, Chenarak, 8.XI.2019 (leg. A. Beigi) (examined) .</p><p>Other examined material. One male (ZMUT), IRAN: Tehran Province: Shemiranat County, Lavasan, 35 ◦ 49 Į N, 51 ◦ 37 Į E, 25.XI.2020 (leg. S. Bisadi).</p><p>Diagnosis. The male of L. phoenixi (Figures 4A, 6A, 7A and 8A) is similar to that of L. jerbae (Figures 4B, 6B, 7B and 8B), in the prolateral arm of the conductor being (almost) as long as the retrolateral arm. It can be readily distinguished from it by the shorter stem of the conductor (Figures 4A and 7A), and by the abdominal pattern, which is consisted of numerous large white spots on both the lateral and anterior margins of the median reddish band (Figures 1 and 2F).</p><p>Description. Male. Habitus as in Figures 1 and 2F. Total length: 5.55. Carapace: 2.72 long and 2.26 wide. Abdomen: 3.08 long and 2.12 wide. Eye sizes and inter-eye distances: AME 0.18, PME 0.15, ALE 0.03, PLE 0.04, AME–AME 0.28, and ALE–AME 0.57. Carapace, sternum, labium, chelicerae, and maxillae dark brown with tones of red. The carapace mostly covered with long black setae and scattered short white setae, with localized patches of short red setae, mostly in the pars thoracica or the center of the pars cephalica. Legs covered with thin black hairs, with distinct regions of white hairs at the joints of all segments, forming distinct white annulations. Abdomen with a compact longitudinal median red stripe with lateral projections with compact white spots at their tips. The most anterior pair of white spots either contiguous or very close to each other, sometimes merging and forming a distinct white spot above the pedicel. Measurements of legs: I: 6.70 (2.11, 1.02, 1.28, 1.40, 0.88); II: 5.94 (1.87, 0.98, 1.09, 1.24, 0.75); III: 4.89 (1.79, 0.68, 0.89, 0.96, 0.55); IV: 6.95 (2.19, 1.00, 1.61, 1.43, 0.69).</p><p>Palp as in Figures 4A, 6A, 7A and 8A. The stem of the conductor ca. 1.2 times longer than it wide. The mesal margin of the conductor with a slight curvature. The ectal margin with a distinct apical invagination. The prolateral and retrolateral arms of the conductor subequal in length, and both with pointed tips.</p><p>Female. Unknown.</p><p>Variation. The extent of the white abdominal patches is variable: the lateral patches may be connected to each other in a few specimens (Figure 1F), and the anterior patches are usually connected to each other and to the white plate above the pedicel (Fig 1a,d and f in Zamani and Marusik [6]), although exceptions have been recorded (Fig 1c,e in Zamani and Marusik [6]).</p><p>Natural history. Wandering males have primarily been collected in well-vegetated steppes but also in and around urban habitats (Figure 9C).</p><p>Phenology. The males are active during October–November.</p><p>Distribution. Iran (Alborz, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Fars, Kerman, Qom, Semnan, Tehran, and Yazd provinces) (see Figure 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B55C7B1AED7A8D60FE10A06AD5ADF84F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Szűts, Tamás;Szabó, Krisztián;Zamani, Alireza;Forman, Martin;Miller, Jeremy;Oger, Pierre;Fabregat, Magali;Kovács, Gábor;Gál, János	Szűts, Tamás, Szabó, Krisztián, Zamani, Alireza, Forman, Martin, Miller, Jeremy, Oger, Pierre, Fabregat, Magali, Kovács, Gábor, Gál, János (2023): A Study in Scarlet: Integrative Taxonomy of the Spider Genus Loureedia (Araneae: Eresidae). Diversity (238) 15 (2): 1-26, DOI: 10.3390/d15020238, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15020238
B55C7B1AED7A8D65FE10A5AAD24EFE4D.text	B55C7B1AED7A8D65FE10A5AAD24EFE4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loureedia lucasi (Simon 1873)	<div><p>Loureedia lucasi (Simon, 1873) .</p><p>Figures 2C, 4D, 5 and 13O.</p><p>Eresus lucasi Simon, 1873: 353, plate. 10, Figs 8 and 9 (♂♀) [8] (original description).</p><p>Loureedia lucasi: Henriques et al. 2018: 5, Fig 1a–h (♂♀) [3]; Zamani and Marusik 2020: 242, Fig 3h (♂) [6].</p><p>Type material. Syntypes: male and female (NMHN), ALGERIA: Oran (leg. H. Lucas) (not examined).</p><p>Diagnosis. The male palp of L. lucasi (Figure 4D) is similar to that of L. maroccana (Figure 4E) in that it has a relatively short stem of conductor and the retrolateral arm of the conductor is longer than the prolateral arm, but differs from it, as both arms of the conductor bear blunt tips (Figure 4D) vs. pointed (Figure 4E), it has shallower concavity on the frontal margin of the conductor (Figure 4D), and there is a distinct invagination apically on the ectal margin of the stem of the conductor (Figure 4E). The two species are also very similar in the male coloration pattern but differ due to the dark posterior part of the carapace in L. lucasi (Figure 2C) vs. crimson red in L. maroccana (Figure 2B). Moreover, the male of L. lucasi has more distinct white spots on the dorsal abdominal surface (Figure 2C).</p><p>Description. Henriques et al. [3] did not provide any description of the male, and the specimen was not available for us to examine.</p><p>Female. See Henriques et al. [3].</p><p>Variation. No information.</p><p>Phenology. No information.</p><p>Distribution. Algeria (Oran Province) (see Figure 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B55C7B1AED7A8D65FE10A5AAD24EFE4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Szűts, Tamás;Szabó, Krisztián;Zamani, Alireza;Forman, Martin;Miller, Jeremy;Oger, Pierre;Fabregat, Magali;Kovács, Gábor;Gál, János	Szűts, Tamás, Szabó, Krisztián, Zamani, Alireza, Forman, Martin, Miller, Jeremy, Oger, Pierre, Fabregat, Magali, Kovács, Gábor, Gál, János (2023): A Study in Scarlet: Integrative Taxonomy of the Spider Genus Loureedia (Araneae: Eresidae). Diversity (238) 15 (2): 1-26, DOI: 10.3390/d15020238, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15020238
