identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B4128A32FF92FFAEBCE9FD24FCAFFBD2.text	B4128A32FF92FFAEBCE9FD24FCAFFBD2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lafoea dumosa (Fleming 1820)	<div><p>LAFOEA DUMOSA (FLEMING, 1820)</p><p>(FIG. 2)</p><p>Lafoea dumosa: Cornelius, 1995: 261–263, fig. 60 (synonymy).</p><p>Type locality: Arbroath, Scotland .</p><p>Specimens examined: Ten infertile colonies from the Antarctic; see details in Supporting Information, Table S1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF92FFAEBCE9FD24FCAFFBD2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF9DFFA1BFADF976FBD5FC5D.text	B4128A32FF9DFFA1BFADF976FBD5FC5D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylacidae Quelch 1885	<div><p>FAMILY ZYGOPHYLACIDAE QUELCH, 1885</p><p>Diagnosis: Solitary hydrothecae arising from hydrorhiza directly, or erect, pinnate or flabellate colonies, with polysiphonic hydrocauli in most species, otherwise monosiphonic. Hydrocladia mostly arranged in one plane, alternate to subopposite. Hydrothecae mostly tubular, seldom campanulate or subuliform, with short to long pedicel, with one or two diaphragms, with or without indentation (intrathecal projections) at distal part of the hydrothecae, and with one to numerous nematothecae on hydrocauli, hydrocladia and/or apophyses of hydrocladia. Gonothecae congregate to form coppiniae on stem or its hydrocladia; coppiniae with or without defensive tubes, the latter occasionally provided with hydrothecae or nematothecae. Individual gonothecae solitary or adnate, generally elongate or ovoid, seldom flask- or carrot-shaped, apices either with a circular aperture or with one to three straight or curved short tubes.</p><p>Remarks: Molecular data contributed by the present study support the genetic distinction and validity of the family Zygophylacidae (Figs 21, 22). Based on specimens examined in this study and morphological diagnoses proposed by Rees &amp; Vervoort (1987), Vervoort (1987) and Cornelius (1995), both zygophylacids and lafoeids have similar tubular hydrothecae. However, they differ in the fact that nematothecae and hydrothecal diaphragms are commonly present in Zygophylacidae, but are absent in Lafoeidae (Bouillon et al. 2006; this study).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF9DFFA1BFADF976FBD5FC5D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF9DFFA1BC38FBF6FAEDF93B.text	B4128A32FF9DFFA1BC38FBF6FAEDF93B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax abyssicola (Stechow 1926)	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX ABYSSICOLA (STECHOW, 1926)</p><p>(FIGS 3, 4, 5A–F)</p><p>Lictorella abyssicola Stechow, 1926: 99; Ruthensteiner et al., 2008: 19.</p><p>Zygophylax abyssicola: Rees &amp; Vervoort, 1987: 76; Galea &amp; Schuchert, 2019: 59.</p><p>? Zygophylax bifurcata Billard, 1942: 34–35, figs 1–3.</p><p>Type locality: Somalia, near Mogadishu, north-west Indian Ocean; 1644 m.</p><p>Specimens examined: Eight syntypes from the Indian Ocean, four of them with gonothecae; see details in Supporting Information, Table S1.</p><p>Lectotype designation: Lectotype, a fertile, formalinfixed then ethanol-preserved colony, ZSM 20040197 (Fig. 3A, arrow); paralectotypes, the remaining colonies from sample ZSM 20040197 (Fig. 3A, the left colony, G), ZSM 20040726 (Fig. 3A, the right colony, D), formalinfixed then ethanol stored, ZSM 20043537–20043542 (Figs 3B, C, E, F, H, I, 5A–F), microslides .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF9DFFA1BC38FBF6FAEDF93B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF9FFFA2BFB5F937FB16FE6F.text	B4128A32FF9FFFA2BFB5F937FB16FE6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax africana Stechow 1923	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX AFRICANA STECHOW, 1923</p><p>(FIGS 5G, H, 6)</p><p>Zygophylax africana Stechow, 1923a: 106–107; 1925: 445–446, fig. 18; Millard, 1964: 15–18, fig. 4A–F; 1968: 263; 1973: 28, fig. 4B; 1975: 189–190, fig. 62A–E; 1977: 106; 1980: 131; Gravier-Bonnet, 1979: 29; Rees &amp; Vervoort, 1987: 75; Bouillon et al., 2006: 341; Ruthensteiner et al., 2008: 25; Altuna, 2012: 5–8, figs 2, 3; Campos et al., 2020: 540–543, pl. 2A–G.</p><p>? Zygophylax africana: Hirohito, 1983: 22–24, fig. 6; 1995: 136–138, fig. 40a–e.</p><p>Zygophylax africanus: Vervoort &amp; Watson, 2003: 69 [incorrect subsequent spelling]. hydrocladia (Fig. 6B, C), borne on short pedicels, tubular, distal part curved abaxially and forming angles of 15°–45° with the proximal part, diaphragm straight to oblique, margin slightly everted, with or without renovations (Fig. 6C). Nematothecae on hydrocladia, hydrocauli and apophyses of hydrocladia; tubular, with basal diaphragm (Fig. 6D).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF9FFFA2BFB5F937FB16FE6F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF9EFFA7BCC0FBEFFE5DFE22.text	B4128A32FF9EFFA7BCC0FBEFFE5DFE22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax biarmata Billard 1905	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX BIARMATA BILLARD, 1905</p><p>(FIG. 7)</p><p>Zygophylax biarmata: Ramil &amp; Vervoort, 1992: 59–65, figs 11e–h, 12a–i, 13e, f (synonymy).</p><p>Type locality: Bay of Biscay, north-east Atlantic; 411 m.</p><p>Specimens examined: Three colonies from the Gulf of Cadiz, one fertile; see details in Supporting Information, Table S1.</p><p>Molecular sequences: 16S rRNA gene (Moura et al., 2008, 2012); see sequence details in Supporting Information, Table S3.</p><p>Measurements: See Supporting Information, Table S2.</p><p>Description: Trophosome. Colonies upright, about 0.9 cm high (Fig. 7A). Hydrocaulus geniculate, polysiphonic, unsegmented, branching regularly (Fig. 7A, B). Hydrocladia coplanar, forming angles of 60°– 90° with the hydrocaulus (Fig. 7B), dichotomously branched, mono- or polysiphonic, with irregular nodes (Fig. 7B, C), axillary hydrothecae present at the branching sites (Fig. 7D). Hydrothecae alternating regularly in one plane, forming angles of 60°–90° with the longitudinal axes of the corresponding hydrocladia (Fig. 7C), short-pedicellate, tubular, the distal part straight or curved away from the internode and forming angles of about 30° with the proximal part; diaphragm oblique, margin slightly everted, with two to seven renovations (Fig. 7C, E, G). A tubular nematotheca present at apophyses of hydrocladia, with one to six renovations (Fig. 7C, E, F).</p><p>Gonosome: Gonothecae clustering into coppiniae on hydrocaulus (Fig. 7A, B); coppiniae with dichotomously branched defensive tubes and hydrothecae. The morphology of individual gonothecae could not be established properly without destructive methods, and the coppiniae in the present material are obscured by adhering particles, not allowing a detailed examination to be done.</p><p>Distribution: Gulf of Cadiz (Moura et al., 2012; this study); Bay of Biscay north-west of Spain; the Azores; Madeira; the Canary Islands; the east coast of South Africa; the Madagascar area; the Zanzibar area (See Ramil &amp; Vervoort, 1992).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF9EFFA7BCC0FBEFFE5DFE22	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF9BFFA7BE40FDC1FDA5FC3C.text	B4128A32FF9BFFA7BE40FDC1FDA5FC3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax brownei Billard 1924	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX BROWNEI BILLARD, 1924</p><p>(FIG. 8)</p><p>Zygophylax brownei: Ramil &amp; Vervoort, 1992: 65–70, figs 13a–d, 14a–c (synonymy).</p><p>Type locality: Bay of Biscay, north-east Atlantic; 186 m.</p><p>Specimens examined: Three colonies from the Gulf of Cadiz, one of them fertile; see details in Supporting Information, Table S1.</p><p>Molecular sequences: 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and COI genes (this study); see sequence details in Supporting Information, Table S3.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF9BFFA7BE40FDC1FDA5FC3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF9AFFA6BF93FEF0FD88FC99.text	B4128A32FF9AFFA6BF93FEF0FD88FC99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax curvitheca Stechow 1913	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX CURVITHECA STECHOW, 1913</p><p>(FIGS 5I–M, 9)</p><p>Zygophylax curvitheca Stechow, 1913a: 139–140; 1913b: 11, 116–117, fig. 89; 1923b: 10; Nutting, 1927: 212–213, pl. 41, fig. 3; Yamada, 1959: 47–48; Rees &amp; Thursfield, 1965:78, 201; Smaldon et al., 1976: 16; Rees &amp; Vervoort, 1987: 72; Hirohito, 1995: 142, fig.43a–d, pl. 9, fig. A; Ruthensteiner et al., 2008: 25.</p><p>Type locality: Sagami Bay, Japan; 600 m.</p><p>Specimens examined: Six infertile syntypes from Japan; see details in Supporting Information, Table S1 .</p><p>Lectotype designation: Lectotype, a fertile, formalinfixed then ethanol-preserved colony, ZSM 20040199 (Fig. 9A–C); paralectotypes, ZSM 20043570 – ZSM 20043574 (Figs 5I–M, 9D–F), microslides .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF9AFFA6BF93FEF0FD88FC99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF85FFB9BF81FE7EFDA4FCCC.text	B4128A32FF85FFB9BF81FE7EFDA4FCCC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax leloupi Ramil & Vervoort 1992	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX LELOUPI RAMIL &amp; VERVOORT, 1992</p><p>(FIG. 10)</p><p>Zygophylax leloupi: Vervoort, 2006: 239–240, fig. 15 (synonymy).</p><p>Type locality: off Rabat, Marocco ; 890 m.</p><p>Specimens examined: One infertile colony from Portugal; see details in Supporting Information, Table S1.</p><p>Molecular sequences: 16S rRNA (Moura et al., 2012) and 28S rRNA genes (this study); see sequence details in Supporting Information, Table S3.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF85FFB9BF81FE7EFDA4FCCC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF85FFB9BF8AF993FBDBFA59.text	B4128A32FF85FFB9BF8AF993FBDBFA59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax levinseni (Saemundsson 1911)	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX LEVINSENI (SAEMUNDSSON, 1911)</p><p>(FIG. 11)</p><p>Zygophylax levinseni: Vervoort, 2006: 240–242, fig. 16 (synonymy).</p><p>Type locality: Near the Vestmannaeyjar Archipelago, Iceland ; 510 m.</p><p>Specimens examined: Five colonies from the Gulf of Cadiz, two fertile; see details in Supporting Information, Table S1.</p><p>Molecular sequences: 16S rRNA (Moura et al., 2008, 2012); 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA genes (this study); see sequence details in Supporting Information, Table S3.</p><p>Measurements: See details in Supporting Information, Table S2.</p><p>Description: Trophosome. Colonies erect, up to 4.5 cm in height (Fig. 11A). Hydrocaulus straight, polysiphonic, unsegmented, branching. Hydrocladia coplanar, dichotomously branched, straight, monosiphonic (Figs 11A, B), with irregular nodes (Fig. 11E), forming angles of 30°–60° with the hydrocaulus (Fig. 11A), axillary hydrothecae present at branching points (Fig. 11E). Hydrothecae arranged alternately in two planes forming angles of 30°–60° (Fig. 11B); borne on moderately long pedicels, tubular, distal part straight or slightly curved, one or two oblique diaphragms basally (Fig. 11D), margin slightly everted, with one to three renovations (Fig. 11D–F). One nematotheca present on apophyses of hydrocladia (Fig. 11F, H).</p><p>Gonosome: Gonothecae clustering into coppiniae encircling the hydrocaulus (Fig. 11C), with abundant protective tubes, one nematotheca observed on the base of one protective tube (Fig. 11G, I). Gonothecae free from one another, elliptical, tapering basally, apices with two lateral, curved tubes (Fig. 11C, G).</p><p>Distribution: Gulf of Cadiz (Moura et al., 2008; this study); south of Iceland (Saemundsson, 1911); the Azores region (Leloup, 1940); near the coast of Rabat, Morocco (Ramil &amp; Vervoort, 1992); one tropical Atlantic locality, south of Cape Verde Islands (Vervoort, 2006); Madeira (Moura et al., 2012).</p><p>Remarks: Zygophylax tottoni Rees &amp; Vervoort, 1987 resembles Z. leviseni by the hydrothecal morphology, but Z. leviseni has comparatively more numerous and smaller nematothecae; see details in Supporting Information, Table S2.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF85FFB9BF8AF993FBDBFA59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF85FFBBBC38FA32FEEEF89B.text	B4128A32FF85FFBBBC38FA32FEEEF89B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax lighti Gu & Ruthensteiner & Moura & Liu & Zhang & Song 2022	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX LIGHTI GU &amp; SONG SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 12, 13A, B, 14A)</p><p>Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n: urn: lsid: zoobank. org:act: 536BAF1F-9924-41D1-AF33-6612D85F206A.</p><p>Type locality: South China Sea ; 921–1816 m.</p><p>Etymology: The specific name honours Professor Sol Felty Light (1886–1947) who served as the chairman of the Department of Zoology at Xiamen University from 1922 to 1924, and memorizes the centenary celebration of the biological disciplines in Xiamen University. Light’s systematic studies on marine invertebrates initiated the early development of marine science at the Xiamen University.</p><p>Type material: Holotype, XUMB7904, fertile; paratype, XUMB7905, fertile; see Supporting Information, Table S1.</p><p>Other material: Thirty-five infertile colonies deposited separately, each specimen containing one colony (XMUB7863, XMUB7869, XMUB7906– XMUB7938), also collected from South China Sea. See details in Supporting Information, Table S1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF85FFBBBC38FA32FEEEF89B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF81FFBCBCD2F959FE9AF9D3.text	B4128A32FF81FFBCBCD2F959FE9AF9D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax pacifica Stechow 1920	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX PACIFICA STECHOW, 1920</p><p>(FIGS 5N–Q, 15)</p><p>Zygophylax biarmata: Stechow, 1913b: 114–115, fig. 88.</p><p>Zygophylax pacifica Stechow, 1920: 11; 1923b: 10; 1923c: 141–142; Vervoort, 1941: 198–199; Yamada, 1959: 48; Hirohito, 1983: 29, fig. 10; 1995:142–144, fig. 43e, f,</p><p>pl. 9, fig. B; Rees &amp; Vervoort, 1987: 74; Ruthensteiner et al., 2008: 25.</p><p>? Zygophylax pacifica: Leloup, 1938: 10 .</p><p>Type locality: Sagami Bay, Japan; 250 m.</p><p>Specimens examined: Five syntypes and two colonies from Japan, all the specimens are infertile; see details in Supporting Information, Table S1 .</p><p>Lectotype designation: Lectotype, an infertile, formalin-fixed then ethanol-preserved colony ZSM 20040198 (Fig. 15A–D); paralectotypes, ZSM 20041554 – ZSM 20041556, ZSM 20043569 (Figs 5N–Q, 15E, F), microslides .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF81FFBCBCD2F959FE9AF9D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF8DFFB0BC22F969FE6DFADF.text	B4128A32FF8DFFB0BC22F969FE6DFADF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax sagamiensis Hirohito 1983	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX CF. SAGAMIENSIS HIROHITO, 1983</p><p>(FIG. 18)</p><p>Zygophylax sagamiensis Hirohito, 1983: 6, 30–31, fig. 11; Rees &amp; Vervoort, 1987: 85–86; Hirohito, 1995: 144, fig. 44a–e, pl. 9, fig. C; Vervoort &amp; Watson, 2003: 69;</p><p>Watson, 2003: 160–161, fig. 10A–F; 2006: 245–247,</p><p>fig. 20.</p><p>Type locality: Sagami Bay, Japan ; 250–300 m.</p><p>Specimens examined: Two fertile and 10 infertile colonies from South China Sea; see details in Supporting Information, Table S1.</p><p>Molecular sequences: 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA and COI genes (this study); see sequence details in Supporting Information, Table S3.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF8DFFB0BC22F969FE6DFADF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF8CFFB3BC04F9ECFDCAF8E1.text	B4128A32FF8CFFB3BC04F9ECFDCAF8E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax tankahkeei Gu & Ruthensteiner & Moura & Liu & Zhang & Song 2022	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX TANKAHKEEI GU &amp; SONG SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 13E, F, 14B, 19)</p><p>Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n: urn: lsid: zoobank. org:act: A5BD0B58-428E-473F-A080-206CCAC77CDE.</p><p>Type locality: South China Sea ; 2359 m.</p><p>Etymology: The specific name honours the founder of Xiamen University, Tan Kah Kee, as well as the research vessel Tan Kah Kee (served Xiamen University since 2016) that collected the type material of this species, and in memory of the University’s 100th and 101st Anniversary Celebration (1921–2022).</p><p>Type material: Holotype, XUMB6200-1, with one coppinia; paratype, XUMB6200-2, infertile; see Supporting Information, Table S1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF8CFFB3BC04F9ECFDCAF8E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
B4128A32FF8EFFB5BC38FDD0FD51FECB.text	B4128A32FF8EFFB5BC38FDD0FD51FECB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygophylax valdiviae Stechow 1923	<div><p>ZYGOPHYLAX VALDIVIAE STECHOW, 1923</p><p>(FIGS 5R–U, 20)</p><p>Zygophylax valdiviae Stechow, 1923d: 6–7; Stechow, 1925: 446–447, fig. 19; Rees &amp; Vervoort, 1987: 75; Ruthensteiner et al., 2008: 25.</p><p>Type locality: 7 km south of St. Paul Island, southern Indian Ocean; 672 m.</p><p>Specimens examined: Five infertile syntypes from the Indian Ocean; see details in Supporting Information, Table S1.</p><p>Lectotype designation: Lectotype, an infertile, formalin-fixed then ethanol-preserved colony ZSM 20040930 (Fig. 20A); paralectotypes, microslides ZSM 20041566 – ZSM 20041569 (Figs 5R–U, 20B–J) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF8EFFB5BC38FDD0FD51FECB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Gu, Zhangjie;Ruthensteiner, Bernhard;Moura, Carlos J.;Liu, Lihua;Zhang, Rui;Song, Xikun	Gu, Zhangjie, Ruthensteiner, Bernhard, Moura, Carlos J., Liu, Lihua, Zhang, Rui, Song, Xikun (2022): Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196: 52-87, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac036, URL: http://zoobank.org/22984f44-21e0-43ab-9d46-547c8306448a
