identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B410B94D0646FFF5B3F3FB8CFFC1A8C6.text	B410B94D0646FFF5B3F3FB8CFFC1A8C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza	<div><p>Key to Thailand species of Agromyza</p><p>1. Calypter with fringe yellow to ochreous.................................................................... 2</p><p>- Calypter with fringe dark brown to black.................................................................. 4</p><p>2. Costa terminating at R4+5; mesoscutum matt black, with only posteriormost dc distinct; tarsi black; distiphallus tubular (Spencer 1990: fig. 1361)(India, Thaialnd; host plant: Pennisetum typhoideum).......... Agromyza pennisetivora Spencer (1961)</p><p>- Costa extending to M1; mesoscutum shining black, more than one distinct dc; tarsi brownish yellow to brown; distiphallus tubular or globular..................................................................................... 3</p><p>3. Mesoscutum with second and third postsutural dc distinct, presutural and first postsutural dc extremely short; distiphallus tubular (Sasakawa 1961: fig. 10d)(Europe; India, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Taiwan; host plant: Phragmites communis)..................................................................................... A. phragmitidis Hendel (1922)</p><p>- Mesoscutum with 1+4 or 0+3 dc (presutural and first postsutural dc distinct); distiphallus globular (Taiwan, Thailand).................................................................................. A. flavisquama Malloch (1914)</p><p>4. Ocellar triangle with oc short; ori four (3–5); distiphallus tubular, spinulose distally (Sasakawa 1961: fig. 8A) (Japan; Taiwan, Thailand; host plants: Oryza sativa, Zizania latifolia).................................... A. oryzae (Munakata, 1910)</p><p>- oc long; ori 2–3....................................................................................... 5</p><p>5. Fore tibia with an external pd; distiphallus with tubules distally (Spencer 1962a: fig. 2b)(Myanmar, Thailand, Taiwan)...................................................................................... A. comosa Spencer (1962)</p><p>- Fore tibia without pd; distiphallus without tubules........................................................... 6</p><p>6. Distiphallus with basal part distinctly longer than distal part (Spencer 1986: figs 1, 2)(Indonesia, Thailand; host plant; Panicum palmifolium)...................................................................... A. panici Meijere (1934)</p><p>- Distiphallus with basal part subequal to distal subglobular lobe (Sasakawa 1972: fig.2)(Taiwan, Thailand; host plant: Digitaria spp.).......................................................................... A. latipennis Malloch (1914)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0646FFF5B3F3FB8CFFC1A8C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0646FFF5B3F3FD19F92DADC1.text	B410B94D0646FFF5B3F3FD19F92DADC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza Fallen	<div><p>Genus Agromyza Fallén</p><p>This genus is well represented in the Palaearctic region. Only four species, Agromyza latipennis Malloch, A. oryzae (Munakata), A. panici Meijere and A. phragmitidis Hendel, have hitherto been known to occur in Thailand (Sasakawa 1981; Spencer 1961a, 1986). The occurrence of three more species, A. comosa Spencer, A. flavisquama Malloch and A. pennisetivora Spencer, are recorded below for the first time.</p><p>Agromyza flavisquama, A. latipennis, A. oryzae, A. panici, A. pennisetivora and A. phragmitidis are known as leafminers of the Poaceae (Gramineae) . The male genitalia of A. comosa, figured in Sasakawa (1972: fig. 1) and Spencer (1962a: fig. 26), are characteristic of these grass-miners.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0646FFF5B3F3FD19F92DADC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0646FFF6B3F3F891F91EAF44.text	B410B94D0646FFF6B3F3F891F91EAF44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza comosa Spencer	<div><p>Agromyza comosa Spencer</p><p>Agromyza comosa Spencer, 1962a: 662 .</p><p>Material examined. ♂, Phitsanulo, Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, 16˚50.217´N, 101˚52.541´E, 580 m a.s.l., 11–18 viii 2006, Malaise trap, Pongpitak Pranee.</p><p>Remarks. This large (wing length 2.4–2.7 mm), black species was described from a male from Myanmar (Spencer 1962a), and was later recorded from Taiwan (Sasakawa?1972). The long pile on the first antennal flagellomere, an external bristle on the fore tibia and a pair of apically spinulose, membranous processes at the ventral midpoint of the basiphallic sclerites, are distinctive (see phallus, Sasakawa 1972: fig.1; Spencer 1962a: fig. 2b, membranous processes were not illustrated). Host plant is unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Myanmar, Thailand (new record), Taiwan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0646FFF6B3F3F891F91EAF44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0645FFF6B3F3FE00F894AA9E.text	B410B94D0645FFF6B3F3FE00F894AA9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza flavisquama Malloch	<div><p>Agromyza flavisquama Malloch</p><p>(Figs 1, 2)</p><p>Agromyza flavisquama Malloch, 1914: 318 .</p><p>Material examined. 1♂ 2♀, Loei, Phu Kradueng National Park, 16˚56.569´N, 101˚49.045´E, 274 m a.s.l., 18–25 ix 2006, Malaise trap, Sutin Glong-Iasae.</p><p>Remarks. This black species is similar to the Australian Agromyza mellita Spencer, 1977, in having the yellowish white fringe on the calypter, the brown-tinged tibiae and brown tarsi, and the typical form of the paraphallus as a grass-miner; wing length 1.9 mm in male. However, in A. flavisquama, the epistome is undeveloped and the distiphallus is short and globular, whereas in mellita, the epistome is distinctly broad and the distiphallus consists of long tubules distally. The dc are variable in number from 1+4 to 0+3, and also ori are two to four. Larva mines the leaf of Panicum repens Lamk. (Poaceae) in Taiwan (Sasakawa 1972).</p><p>The male genitalia are described for the first time: surstylus small, lobate, bearing nine or ten spines in two to three irregular rows and few setae along ventral margin; cercus slightly lower than epandrial height, slightly broadened ventrally, densely setose ventroapically; hypandrium 340 µm long, with sidearm curved and basal apodeme very short, pregonite minutely spinulose, postgonite with three or four sensillae apically; phallapodeme 650 µm long; phallus 300 µm long (figs 1, 2, showing typical form of grass-miner, but host plant unknown); ejaculatory apodeme 180 µm long, blade well-expanded, 150 µm wide. The distiphallus is similar structurally to that of A. latipennis, but its distal lobe is distinctly rounded in lateral side, and the basiphallus is lacked the spinulose, membranous processes.</p><p>Distribution. Taiwan, Thailand (new record).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0645FFF6B3F3FE00F894AA9E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0645FFF6B3F3FB79F86FA863.text	B410B94D0645FFF6B3F3FB79F86FA863.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza latipennis Malloch	<div><p>Agromyza latipennis Malloch</p><p>Agromyza latipennis Malloch, 1914: 321 .</p><p>Material examined. ♂, Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon National Park, 18˚35.361´N, 98˚29.157´E, 2500 m a.s.l., 27 ix– 5 x 2006, Malaise trap, Y. Areeluck.</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to A. comosa in having the distinctly pilose first flagellomere of antenna, dark fringe on the calypter, and membranous processes on ventral side of the basiphallus, but is recognized by its smaller size (wing length 1.9–2.1 mm), absence of the fore-tibial external bristle, and globular form of the distiphallus (Sasakawa 1972: fig. 2). Host plant: Digitaria spp. ( Poaceae).</p><p>Distribution. Taiwan, Thailand.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0645FFF6B3F3FB79F86FA863	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0645FFF7B3F3F92EF8ECAEFC.text	B410B94D0645FFF7B3F3F92EF8ECAEFC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza pennisetivora Spencer	<div><p>Agromyza pennisetivora Spencer</p><p>Agromyza pennisetivora Spencer, 1961a: 63 .</p><p>Material examined. ♀, Sakon Nakhon, Phu Phan National Park, 16˚54.630´N, 103˚54.266´E, 281 m a.s.l., 6–13 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Sailom Tongboonchai; ♀, Ubon Ratchat, Pha Taem National Park, 15˚27.435´N, 105˚34.838´E, 238 m, 11–18 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Sorawit &amp; Thongdee.</p><p>Remarks. This large, black species is characterized by the whitish yellow fringe on the calypter, the brownish tibiae and tarsi (paler on the fore leg), the narrow gena (1/8–1/10 as high as eye), the presence of a distinct epistome and only one or two long postsutural dc (anterior two or three dc before that as long as acr); wing length 2.5–2.7 mm in female. Host plant: Pennisetum typhoideum (Poaceae) (Spencer 1961a).</p><p>Distribution. India, Thailand (new record).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0645FFF7B3F3F92EF8ECAEFC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0644FFF7B3F3FED8FF4DABE7.text	B410B94D0644FFF7B3F3FED8FF4DABE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza Hendel	<div><p>Genus Melanagromyza Hendel</p><p>Although this is the largest genus with some 55 known species in the Oriental region, only 13 species: Melangromyza albisquama (Malloch), M. cleomae Spencer (= austriraphani Sasakawa, 1981), M. dolichostigma Meijere, M. erawanensis Spencer, M. gressitti Sasakawa, M. inthanonensis Spencer, M. metallica (Thomson), M. obtusa (Malloch), M. pasiae Spencer, M. pasiensis Spencer, M. provecta (Meijere), M. sojae (Zehntner), and M. yodai Sasakawa, have previously been recorded from Thailand (Sasakawa 1962, 1963a, 1977, 19181; Spencer 1961a, 1973, 1986).</p><p>In this paper, 12 species, excluding five known Oriental species, are recorded from Thailand for the first time, of which 10 are new to science. Most of the flies described and discussed below belong to a group of shining coppery-greenish, black species that occur throughout the Old World tropics. Only six species, M. ancyla sp. nov., M. gressitti Sasakawa, M. lunulata sp. nov., M. pandiculata sp. nov., M. provecta (Meijere), and M. yodai Sasakawa, lack the coppery-greenish sheen on the mesoscutum and abdomen. The color of the fringe on the calypter, which is either white to yellowish-white or brown to black, is an essential differentiating character among the species. The pale fringe is seen in most of the Thailand species, and only seven species have a dark fringe: M. ancyla sp. nov., M. catalexis sp. nov., M. gressitti, M. lunulata sp. nov., M. malayensis Sasakawa, M. pandiculata sp. nov., and M. provecta . The males of some species with a pale fringe can be further characterized by eyes that are whitish-pilose on the anterodorsal area.</p><p>This is the dominant genus in Thailand as well as in other Oriental countries. It is also notable that 16 species of 25 known species are treated here as endemic, although some of them will likely be found in other Oriental- Oceanian countries in due course.</p><p>Special attention should be drawn to both thoracic coloration and male genitalic features in the following species. Firstly, three of the new species, M. catalexis (Fig. 10), lunulata (Fig. 16) and pandiculata (Fig. 30), have a distinct phallus with a membranous swelling on ventral side. It indicates a close relationship with the following species: Palaearctic, Oriental, Afrotropical M. pubescens Hendel (1923; Sasakawa 1996: fig. 2), Australian M. anceps Spencer (1977b: figs 5, 6), M. avicenniae Spencer (1977b: figs 10, 11) and M. variegata Spencer (1977b: figs 68, 69), Neotropical M. flexuosa Sasakawa (1992: fig. 7), and Afrotropical M. pubescentis Spencer (1959; 1964: fig. 26) and M. luthulii Spencer (1964: fig. 23), and Afrotropical-Oriental M. provecta (Meijere, 1910; Spencer 1985: fig. 20). These species are easily recognized externally by the matt or shining black mesoscutum without a metallic-coppery or metallic-greenish luster, and the black fringe on the calypter. Secondarily, the basal apodeme of the hypandrium is flattened vertically (Sasakawa 1996: fig. 2; Spencer 1964: fig. 23). Thirdly, the basiphallus is divided distinctly into two forms: short tubiform in catalexis and luthulii, and U-shaped with sidearm variable in length and shape in other many species. These phallic characters are probably apomorphic.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0644FFF7B3F3FED8FF4DABE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0644FFF0B3F3F9A2FFC1A9ED.text	B410B94D0644FFF0B3F3F9A2FFC1A9ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza	<div><p>Key to Thailand species of Melanagromyza</p><p>1. Calypter with fringe white or yellowish.................................................................... 2</p><p>- Calypter with fringe brown to black...................................................................... 19</p><p>2. Mesoscutum and abdomen shining coppery-greenish or -bluish; surstylus not as follows............................. 3</p><p>- Mesoscutum without or with slightly metallic sheen, abdomen sometimes with detectable greenish tinge; surstylus projected narrowly, bearing about 25 spines........................................................................ 18</p><p>3. Ocellar triangle large, extending ventrally.................................................................. 4</p><p>- Ocellar triangle small, of normal size...................................................................... 7</p><p>4. Ocellar triangle with ventral tip extending to level of first ori; surstylus, phallapodeme and phallus not as follows........ 5</p><p>- Ocellar triangle with ventral tip extending obtusely to dorsal margin of lunule; surstylus with 15–17 spines; phallapodeme and phallus very long (widespread in Oriental region; host plants: Cajanus, Phaseolus spp. etc.)..... M. obtusa (Malloch, 1914)</p><p>5. Gena gradually inclined to postgena, broadened posteriorly; r-m almost at midpoint of discal cell; basiphallus with sclerites laterally............................................................................................ 6</p><p>- Gena rounded, forming ring below eye, deepest at middle (1/7 as high as eye); r-m slightly before midpoint of discal cell;</p><p>basiphallus subtriangular (widespread throughout Old World tropics; Japan; host plants: Cajanus, Glycine, Phaseolus, etc.)................................................................................. M. sojae (Zehntner, 1900) 6. Large species, wing length 2.5 mm; surstylus with about 20 spines on distal projection; basiphallus consists of quadrate sclerites, distiphallus with distal tube short and smooth...................................... M. cirrappendicula sp. nov.</p><p>- Smaller, wing length 1.9–2.2 mm; surstylus with 26 spines; basiphallus with lateral sclerites isolated and slightly joined at middle, distiphallus with distal tube densely striated........................................ M. multistriata sp. nov.</p><p>7. Mesoscutum bluish-black; gena narrow (1/13–1/16 as high as eye); arista distinctly pubescent; phallus with conical, membranous process between basiphallus and mesophallus (New Britain, Thailand)................ M. lividula Sasakawa (1963d)</p><p>- Mesoscutum predominantly greenish-black; arista microscopically pubescent; phallus not as above.....................8</p><p>8. Eye bare............................................................................................. 9</p><p>- Eye in male with a patch of hairs anterodorsally............................................................ 15</p><p>9. Large species, wing length 2.6 mm; body strongly shining reddish-coppery; frons 1.5 times as wide as eye; surstylus with many spines in arrangement of two groups................................................. M. sexseriata sp. nov.</p><p>- Smaller species, wing length less than 2.3 mm; frons almost as wide as eye; surstylus not as above.................... 10</p><p>10. Mesoscutum and abdomen multi-colored, greenish, bluish or purplish; surstylus with about 15 spines (Indonesia, Taiwan; Japan; host plants: Glycine, Phaseolus, Pueraria spp. etc.)........................... M. dolichostigma Meijere (1922)</p><p>- Mesoscutum and abdomen shining coppery or greenish; surstylus not as above................................... 11</p><p>11. Distiphallus with spinulose patches at middle of dorsolateral sides.............................................. 12</p><p>- Ditiphallus without spinulose patch...................................................................... 13</p><p>12. Surstylus with 11–14 spines dorsad of ventral setal cluster; basiphallus distinctly shorter than distiphallus................................................................................................... M. spinuliloba sp. nov.</p><p>- Surstylus with 26–30 spines along ventral margin; basiphallus with sclerites diverging distally, subequal to distiphallus in length................................................................................ M. turgida sp. nov.</p><p>13. Basiphallus subequal to distiphallus in length, distiphallus with short process near dorsal base (Spencer 1986, figs 3, 4); surstylus with 12 spines (widespread from Fiji to India, Africa)............................. M. albisquama (Malloch, 1927)</p><p>- Basiphallus distinctly shorter than distiphallus.............................................................. 14</p><p>14. Phallus: see Spencer 1986, figs 5, 6.............................................. M. erawanensis Spencer (1986)</p><p>- Phallus: see Spencer 1986: figs 13, 14............................................... M. pasiensis Spencer (1986)</p><p>15. Frons 1.5 times as wide as eye; gena 1/8 as high as eye; basiphallus with sclerites extending laterally and connecting at both ends; distiphallus: see Spencer 1986, figs 11, 12 (Thailand)................................ M. pasiae Spencer (1986)</p><p>- Frons almost as wide as eye; basiphallus and distiphallus not as above........................................... 16</p><p>16. Gena 1/5 as high as eye; surstylus with a row of several spines dorsad of two ventromarginal rows of about 20 spines; basiphallus with lateral sclerites connecting at end (see Sasakawa 1981, figs 1A–C) (Sri Lanka, Thailand)...................................................................................................... M. cleomae Spencer (1961)</p><p>- Gena 1/10–1/12 as high as eye; surstylus not as above........................................................ 17</p><p>17. Basiphallus with sclerites distally diverging ventroapically (distiphallus: see Spencer 1986, figs 9, 10)............................................................................................... M. metallica (Thomson, 1869)</p><p>- Basiphallus with sclerites connecting at ends (distiphallus: see Spencer 1986: figs 7, 8; Thailand).................................................................................................. M. inthanonensis Spencer (1986)</p><p>18. Mesoscutum weakly shining coppery when viewed from rear; hypandrium with basal apodeme long (1/2 as long as whole length); basiphallus U-shaped in ventral view; distiphallus simple, smooth on surface............... M. macilenta sp. nov.</p><p>- Mesoscutum shining, with (♂) or without (♀) trace of coppery coloration; hypandrium with apodeme short (less than 1/3 of whole length); basiphallus tubular, distiphallus spinulose on dorsolateral lobes (Thailand)........ M. yodai Sasakawa (1962)</p><p>19. Parafrontalia not projecting above eye margin in profile...................................................... 20</p><p>- Parafrontalia distinctly projecting above eye in profile....................................................... 23</p><p>20. Mesoscutum without metallic luster, abdomen shining metallic-coppery; frons almost as wide as eye; gena narrow (1/10 as high as eye); surstylus with 16 long spines; phallus with ventral membranous part extremely swollen.. .. M. catalexis sp. nov.</p><p>- Mesoscutum and abdomen without metallic luster; frons wider than eye; gena and surstylus not as above............... 21</p><p>21. Mid tibia with one or two pd; frons 1.3–1.4 times as wide as eye; gena 1/4–1/6 as high as eye........................ 22</p><p>- Mid tibia with one pd; frons as wide as eye; gena narrow, 1/14 as high as eye (male unknown) (Thailand)............................................................................................ .. M. gressitti Sasakawa (1963a)</p><p>22. Ultimate section of CuA1 1/2–3/4 as long as penultimate; surstylus with about 30 spines along ventral margin; distiphallus bifurcate distally, bearing numerous spinules and granules................................... M. pandiculata sp. nov.</p><p>- Ultimate section of CuA1 4/5 as long as penultimate; surstylus with 40 spines at anterior corner; distiphallus simple, U-shaped in dorsal view.......................................................................... M. ancyla sp. nov.</p><p>23. Mesoscutum faintly and abdomen distinctly coppery-shining; frons 1.3 times as wide as eye; gena 1/11 as high as eye; mid tibia without pd; surstylus with small anteroventral projection, bearing 7–9 spines basally; distiphallus folded twice at base (Malaysia, Thailand)........................................................ .. M. malayensis Sasakawa (1963a)</p><p>- Mesoscutum and abdomen greenish-lusterless; frons almost as wide as eye; gena 1/4–1/7 as high as eye; mid tibia with one to three short pd; phallus with membranous swelling ventrally................................................... 24</p><p>24. Wing length 2.3–2.6 mm; first antennal flagellomere with long pile; epiphallus and basiphallus very short (Indonesia, Taiwan, Thailand)..................................................................... .. M. provecta (Meijere, 1910)</p><p>- Wing length 1.7 mm; first antennal flagellomere minutely pilose; epiphallus long, basiphallus U-shaped in ventral view........................................................................................... M. lunulata sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0644FFF0B3F3F9A2FFC1A9ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0642FFF1B3F3FF03F887AD19.text	B410B94D0642FFF1B3F3FF03F887AD19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza albisquama (Malloch) Malloch	<div><p>Melanagromyza albisquama (Malloch)</p><p>Agromyza (Melanagromyza) albisquama Malloch, 1927: 425 . Melanagromyza leguminum Bezzi, 1928: 166 .</p><p>Melanagromyza minora Spencer, 1959: 279 .</p><p>Melanagromyza desmodii Spencer, 1960: 23 .</p><p>Melanagromyza compositarum Spencer, 1961a: 70 .</p><p>Material examined. 2♂ 2♀, Loei, Phu Ruea National Park, 17˚30.740´N, 101˚20.650´E, 1353 m a.s.l., 26 ix–2 x 2006, Malaise trap, Nukoonchai Jaroenchai; 2♂ 3♀, Phetchabun, Khao Kho National Park, 16˚32.539´N, 102˚02.483´E, 242 m, 26 xi–2 xii 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chachumnan &amp; Saink Singtong.</p><p>Remarks. This is a common, widespread species throughout the Old World tropics from Polynesia to Africa. This black fly has a shining coppery-greenish mesoscutum and abdomen, the short wing (1.6–2.0 mm in male), a whitish fringe on the calypter, a row of 12 spines on the dorsal part of the surstylus (Sasakawa 1963c), and a chitinized short process near dorsal base of the distiphallus (Spencer 1977b, figs 3, 4). Larva is a seed-feeder in the pods of Desmodium spp. (Leguminosae).</p><p>Distribution. Indonesia (Irian Jaya, Sumbawa), Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, Thailand, India, Sri Lanka; Australia, Papua New Guinea, Bismark Arch., New Britain, Palau, Solomon Is., Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Loyalty Is., Belau, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa; S. Africa, Mauritius.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0642FFF1B3F3FF03F887AD19	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0642FFF3B3F3FCFBFEE9AEFC.text	B410B94D0642FFF3B3F3FCFBFEE9AEFC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza ancyla	<div><p>Melanagromyza ancyla sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 3–8)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QBSG), Sakon Nakhon, Phu Phan National Park, 17˚03.488´N, 103˚58.497´E, 318 m a.s.l., 27 vii–2 viii 2006, Malaise trap, Sailom Tongboonchai.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black; mesoscutum and abdomen shining, but without metallic luster; wing 2.0 mm long, ultimate section of CuA1 slightly shorter than penultimate section,</p><p>calypter with brown fringe; surstylus with 40 long spines on inner anteroventral part; basiphallus and distiphallus each U-shaped in ventral view; ejaculatory apodeme cotyledonous in outline.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; frons and ocellar triangle matt; lunule sparsely grayish pruinose; arista brown; thorax very sparsely gray-dusted, mesoscutum shining, mesopleural suture brownish white; abdomen strongly shining. Wing hyaline; veins whitish brown at bases; calypter brownish white, with margin and fringe brown.</p><p>Frons 1.4 times as wide as eye, converging ventrally; parafrontalia slightly and parafacialia linearly projecting beyond eye margin in profile; ors and ori each two; oh reclinate, in row; ocellar triangle with ventral tip extending beyond level of second ors; lunule lower than semicircle; face with carina low, only distinct between antennal bases and shortly ventrad of bases; eye 1.6 times as high as wide, bare; gena 1/6 as high as eye; vi shorter than second ori; pm five or six, setula-like, a setula above vi. First antennal flagellomere round, slightly shorter than wide, minutely pilose; arista shorter that eye height, microscopically pubescent.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+ 2 dc, eight rows of acr anteriorly but six rows behind level of anterior dc; scutellum with apical sc slightly shorter than basal sc. Wing 2.0 mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 30: 10: 9; r-m beyond midpoint of discal cell (9: 5); M1 ratio 4.6; ultimate section of CuA1 4/5 as long as penultimate section (12: 15). Mid tibia with one or two pd.</p><p>S6 1.5 times as wide as long, with very shallow emargination posteriorly. Epandrium with surstylus (Fig. 3) incurved, almost as wide as epandrial length at base, slightly projecting anteroventrally, bearing 40 long spines in three irregular rows along inner-ventral margin and on anteroventral projection, and two rows extending dorsally along anteroventral margin; cercus 1/2 as high as epandrium; proctiger (Fig. 4) shield-like. Hypandrium (Fig. 5) 310 µm long, with basal apodeme nearly 1/3 as long as sidearm; pregonite with several sensillae. Phallapodeme 550 µm long; phallic hood 100 µm long, well-chitinized on lateroproximal 2/3. Phallus (Figs 6, 7) 310 µm long, basiphallus and distiphallus each U-shaped basally in ventral view, mesophallus with distal tube slightly swollen distally; ejaculatory apodeme (Fig. 8) 190 µm long, weakly chitinized, expanded alula-like (70 µm wide).</p><p>FEMALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species distinctly differs from Melanagromyza pandiculata sp. nov. in the characters stated in the key (couplet 22). The phallic structure of this species is similar to that of Melanagromyza pasiensis Spencer (1986: figs 13, 14), but this species is easily recognized by its black mesoscutum and abdomen without greenish sheen, and dark fringe on the calypter. The distal tube of the mesophallus is also distinctive in having a bend at middle and a swelling on the tip, whereas in pasiensis, it is almost straight and not swollen distally. Moreover, the coloration of pasiensis is more similar to that of M. albisquama described above.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the bend (Greek: ankyle) in the mesophallic tube.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0642FFF3B3F3FCFBFEE9AEFC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0640FFF3B3F3FED8FB36A835.text	B410B94D0640FFF3B3F3FED8FB36A835.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza catalexis	<div><p>Melanagromyza catalexis sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 9–11)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QBSG), Sakon Nakhon, Phu Phan National Park, 16˚54.713´N, 103˚54.294´E, 289 m a.s.l., 13–19 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Winlon Khongnara.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black; mesoscutum subshining, without metallic luster; abdomen shining coppery; wing length 1.9 mm, calypter with fringe pale brown; frons and gena narrow; acr in ten dense rows; S6 with deep incision posteromesally; surstylus with 16 long spines; phallus with membranous part extensively swollen ventrally.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle matt; lunule brown-tinged, grayish pruinose; arista brown; mesoscutum almost metallic-lusterless, abdomen strongly shining metallic-coppery. Wing hyaline, calypter brownish white, with margin dark brown, fringe pale brown.</p><p>Frons slightly wider than eye, converging ventrally; parafrontalia not projecting above eye in profile; ors and ori each two; oh reclinate, in row; ocellar triangle small, with ventral tip not extending beyond level of second ors; lunule semicircular; eye almost 1.3 times as high as wide, bare; gena narrow, about 1/10 as high as eye. First antennal flagellomere almost twice as wide as gena, rounded apically, minutely pilose; arista slightly longer than eye width, microscopically pubescent.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, ten rows of acr. Wing 1.9 mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 36: 10: 9; r-m beyond middle level of discal cell (14: 9); M1 ratio 4.0; ultimate section of CuA1 3/4 as long as penultimate section. Mid tibia with two pd.</p><p>S6 2.8 times as long as S5, 1.4 times as long as wide, with median incision on posterior 1/2. Epandrium with surstylus broadly projected (almost as wide as epandrium), incurved anteroventrally, bearing 16 long spines; cercus long, 3/4 as high as epandrium. Hypandrium 320 µm long, with basal apodeme about 1/3 as long as sidearm. Phallapodeme 520 µm long; phallus 320 µm long, with ventral membranous part distinctly expanded ventrally; basiphallus short, distal tube of mesophallus+dsistiphallus elongated, ending in small bulb, distiphallus with dorsoproximal lobe distinctly spinose; ejaculatory apodeme 230 µm long, blade narrow, only 60 µm wide distally.</p><p>Body length 2.1 mm.</p><p>FEMALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to Melanagromyza oculata Sasakawa (1963c), known from New Britain, in having a dark fringe on the calypter and a spinose distiphallus, but it is clearly distinguished by having a bare eye, a deeply incised S6, sparsely spinose surstylus, and a long distiphallic tube with small bulb apically. In M. oculata, the eye has a patch of white hairs anterodorsally, S6 is incised only on the posteromedian 1/5, the surstylus bears about 42 spines, and the distal tube of distiphallus is not swollen apically (Sasakawa 1963c: fig. 9).</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the characteristic distal end (Greek: katalexis) of the meso+distiphallus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0640FFF3B3F3FED8FB36A835	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0640FFFDB3F3F910FB76AAC9.text	B410B94D0640FFFDB3F3F910FB76AAC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza cirrappendicula	<div><p>Melanagromyza cirrappendicula sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 12–14)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QBSG), Loei, Phu Ruea National Park, 17˚30.735´N, 101˚20.601´E, 1352 m a.s.l., 19–26 ix 2006, Malaise trap, Nukoonchai Jaroenchai.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black; frontalia brownish ventrally; mesoscutum weakly and abdomen strongly shining coppery; calypter with margin and fringe yellow; ocellar triangle large, with ventral tip extending to level of first ori; gena narrow; surstylus with about 20 spines on projection; basiphallus quadrate in ventral view, mesophallus with membranous tube distally.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle shining; frontalia brownish ventrally, lunule brown; gena browntinged; mesoscutum weakly shining coppery, abdomen brilliantly metallic-coppery. Wing hyaline, calypter with margin and fringe yellow.</p><p>Frons nearly 1.5 times as wide as eye, slightly converging ventrally; parafrontalia linearly projecting above eye in profile; ors and ori each two; oh minute, reclinate, in row; ocellar triangle large, with ventral tip extending to level of first ori; lunule higher than semicircle; eye 1.3 times as high as wide, bare; gena narrow, about 1/12 as high as eye. First antennal flagellomere round, about twice as wide as genal height; arista as long as eye width, pubescent.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, eight rows of acr. Wing 2.5 mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 30: 10: 8.5; r-m almost at middle level of discal cell (11–12: 10); M1 ratio 3.0; ultimate section of CuA1 about 2/3 as long as penultimate section (13: 21). Mid tibia with two pd.</p><p>S6 four times as long as S5, about 4/5 as long as wide, with very shallow emargination posteriorly. Epandrium with surstylus projected posterodistally and incurved, bearing three spines at base and 20–22 spines in three to four rows on distal projection; cercus 2/3 as high as epandrium, slightly broadened at middle (about 1/3 as wide as epandrium). Hypandrium 350 µm long, with basal apodeme 1/3 as long as sidearm. Phallapodeme 560 µm long; phallus 380 µm long, basiphallic sclerites bent ventrally near distal end, forming a square in ventral view, mesophallus with membranous tube weakly curled, distiphallus slightly wider than mesophallus, with distal tube short; ejaculatory apodeme 280 µm long, blade expanded roundly, 220 µm wide.</p><p>Body length 2.6 mm.</p><p>FEMALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species is closely related to Melanagromyza multistriata sp. nov. in having similar coloration and large ocellar triangle, but it is smaller, and has a less shining mesoscutum and a characteristic phallus as described above.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the curly appendage (Latin: cirratus + appendicula) of the mesophallus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0640FFFDB3F3F910FB76AAC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D064EFFFEB3F3FAB4FB07AC1C.text	B410B94D064EFFFEB3F3FAB4FB07AC1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza dolichostigma Meijere	<div><p>Melanagromyza dolichostigma Meijere</p><p>Melanagromyza dolichostigma Meijere, 1922: 19 .</p><p>Melangromyza cordiophoeta Spencer, 1961a: 71 . syn. nov.</p><p>Material examined. ♀, Chaiyaphum, Tat Tone National Park, 15˚59.037´N, 102˚02.103´E, 250 m a.s.l., 21-28 vi 2006, Malaise traap, Lumyai Ittichan; 2♂, Nakhon Nayok, Khao Yai National Park, 14˚24.761´N, 101˚22.815´E, 770 m, 12–19 vii 2006 &amp; 14˚24.619´N, 101˚22.778´E, 770 m, 19–26 vii 2006, Malaise trap, Pong Sandao; ♂, Sakon Nakhon, Phu Phan National Park, 17˚03.543´N, 103˚58.452´E, 312 m, 21–27 vii 2006, Malaise trap, Winlon Kongnara; ♀, Sakon Nakhon, Phu Pha Yon National Park, 16˚55.655´N, 104˚10.658´E, 280 m, 5–11 vii 2006, Malaise trap, Manop Ngoyjansri &amp; Chatree Cheaukamjan; 2♀, Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon National Park, 18˚32.657´N, 98˚31.482´E 1200 m, 27 ix–5 x &amp; 19–26 x 2006, Malaise trap, Y. Areeluck; ♂, Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon National Park, 18˚35.361´N, 98˚29.157´E, 2500 m, 27 ix–5 x 2006, Malaise trap, Y. Areeluck; 6♂, Loei, Phu Ruea National Park, 17˚29.907´N, 101˚20.483´E, 1196 m, 5–12 viii 2006 &amp; 17˚30.740´N, 101˚20.650´E, 1353 m, 19–26 ix &amp; 26 ix–2 x 2006, Malaise trap, Nukoonchai Jarroenchai; 5♀, Phetchabun, Khao Kho Ntional Park, 16˚32.546´N, 101˚02.501˚E, 274 m, 5–12 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chachumnan &amp; Saink Singtong.</p><p>Remarks. This black species is characterized by having the mesoscutum and abdomen strongly shining, with coppery, greenish or bluish sheen, a white fringe on the calypter, a narrow frons (as wide as or slightly wider than eye) and gena (1/7–1/8 as high as eye), a bare eye in the male, a distinctly pubescent arista, and about 15 spines on the surstylus (arranged in one basal row and two rows along anteroventral margin of the projection), and a pair of chitinized processes at end of the distiphallus in addition to a long distal tube curved dorsally at end (phallus of dolichostigma: see Spencer 1973: figs 20, 21; that of cordiophoeta: Spencer 1961 a: fig. 43 and Sasakawa 1963c: fig. 6). The larva is known as an oligophagous stem-borer of Calopogonium, Glycine, Pueraria, Phaseolus and Crotalaria spp. (Leguminosae).</p><p>Spencer (1961a) described Melanagromyza cordiophoeta from males caught on the flowers of Cordia cylindristacha (Boraginaceae) in Singapore, and while noting strong similarities with M. dolichostigma, he hesitated to synonymize the two until additional evidence on the larval morphology and mining habits became available (Spencer 1973). However, I have no doubt of its synonymy on the basis of their similar size (wing length 2.2–2.5 mm, longer than 1.6 mm noted by Spencer), and unmistakable complex structures of the phallus.</p><p>Distribution. Indonesia (Java), Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan; Papua New Guinea, New Britain, New Ireland; Japan (Ryukyus).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D064EFFFEB3F3FAB4FB07AC1C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D064DFFFEB3F3FDF8F95CAA6B.text	B410B94D064DFFFEB3F3FDF8F95CAA6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza lividula Sasakawa	<div><p>Melanagromyza lividula Sasakawa</p><p>Melanagromyza lividula Sasakawa, 1963d: 811 .</p><p>Material examined. ♂,♀, Phetchabun, Khao Kho National Park, 16˚32.546´N, 101˚02.501´E, 274 m, a.s.l., 26 xi– 2 xii 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chachumnan &amp; Saink Singtong.</p><p>Remarks. This species is easily recognized by the strongly shining bluish-black mesoscutum, scutellum and abdomen, about 18 long spines on the surstylus, a ventral membranous process (spinulose on surface, weakly chitinized internally) distad of basiphallus, and a spinulose area on each dorsolateral side of the distiphallus (Sasakawa 1963d: fig. 8).</p><p>Description. The female is described here for the first time, differing from the male in the following points: parafrontalia slightly projecting above eye in profile; ocellar triangle matt; eye 1.2 times as high as wide, gena broader (1/6–1/7 as high as eye); thorax and abdomen more strongly shining than male, but without bluish sheen; wing length 2.5 mm (2.1–2.3 mm in male).</p><p>Distribution. New Britain, Thailand (new record).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D064DFFFEB3F3FDF8F95CAA6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D064DFFFFB3F3FB28F966ACF4.text	B410B94D064DFFFFB3F3FB28F966ACF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza lunulata	<div><p>Melanagromyza lunulata sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 15–18)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QBSG), Khonkaen, Phu Pha National Park, 16˚43.680´N, 101˚ 59.772´E, 268 m, a.s.l., 18–19 vi 2006, pan trap, Prayoon Chummag G.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black; mesoscutum and abdomrn greenish-lusterless; wing 1.7 mm long, calypter with fringe brown; frons narrow; parafrontalia distinctly projecting above eye in profile; lunule high; gena broad, rounded ventrally; surstylus with about 40 spines; phallus with ventral membranous part swollen, distiphallus simple.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle and dorsal parafrontalia scarcely shining; lunule sparsely grayish pruinose; gena brown-tinged; mesoscutum shining, slightly grayish-dusted, pleura more densely dusted; mesopleural suture and wing base brownish white; abdomen shining. Wing with veins pale brown but M1 and crossveins yellowish; calypter whitish-gray, with margin and fringe brown.</p><p>Frons almost as wide as eye, very slightly converging ventrally; parafrontalia distinctly and parafacialia slightly projecting beyond eye margin in profile; ors two, first ors longer than second ors; ori two, subequal to second ors in length; oh reclinate, in row; ocellar triangle with ventral tip extending slightly beyond level of first ors; lunule high, with dorsal margin situated at midway between levels of two ori; eye almost as high as wide, bare; gena rounded ventrally, about 1/4 as high as eye; pm four, two setulae above vi. First antennal flagellomere as long as wide, narrower than genal height, rounded apically, minutely pilose; arista as long as eye height, microscopically pubescent.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, six to seven irregular rows of acr but four rows behind level of first dc, ia 1/2 as long as second dc, ipa 1/3 as long as opa. Wing 1.7 mm long; costa extending to M1 but very weak between apices of R4+5 and M1, with three sections in proportion of 37: 10: 8; r-m distinctly beyond midpoint of discal cell (10: 5.5); M1 ratio 4.5; ultimate section of CuA1 1/2 as long as penultimate section. Mid tibia with three short pd.</p><p>S6 about four times as long as S5, slightly wider than long, with shallow emargination posteriorly. Epandrium with surstylus almost as wide as epandrium, incurved, bearing 37–42 spines and several setae; cercus 3/4 as high as epandrium. Hypandrium 800 µm long, curved ventrally, with basal apodeme nearly 1/3 as long as sidearm; pregonite with four sensillae. Phallapodeme 700 µm long; phallic hood long (240 µm). Phallus 360 µm long, with membranous swellings on ventral side; epiphallus rather long; basiphallus U-shaped, with ventral process on left sclerite, mesophallus and distiphallus ill-chitinized; ejaculatory apodeme 160 µm long, blade narrow, gradually expanded apically, 60 µm wide.</p><p>Body length 1.8 mm.</p><p>FEMALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to Melanagromyza catalexis sp. nov. in having a swollen membranous part on the ventral side of the phallus, but differs distinctly from that species in the composition of phallic sclerites and the spinous density on the surstylus. Also, this species closely resembles M. provecta (Meijere, 1910) in the body coloration, but the pilosity of the first antennal flagellomere and the phallic structures are quite different between them (Key couplet 24; phallus of provecta, Spencer 1961 b: fig.1, as Melanagromyza communis Spencer, 1959, syn.).</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the high lunule.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D064DFFFFB3F3FB28F966ACF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D064CFFF8B3F3FCD0FE41AEB4.text	B410B94D064CFFF8B3F3FCD0FE41AEB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza macilenta	<div><p>Melanagromyza macilenta sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 19–21)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QBSG), Loei, Phu Ruea National Park, 17˚30.735´N, 101˚20.601´E, 1352 m, a.s.l., 19–26 ix 2006, Malaise trap, Nukoonchai Jaroenchai. Paratype ♀, same data as holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black species with wing length 1.9–2.0 (1.9) mm; mesoscutum weakly shining coppery; calypter with fringe whitish; surstylus lobate, with about 23 spines in three rows, hypandrium with basal apodme slightly longer than sidearm, meso- and distiphallus thin.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle matt; lunule brown-tinged, slightly grayish pruinose; arista brown; mesoscutum weakly shining coppery when viewed from rear; abdomen brownish black, shining. Wing hyaline; calypter pale brownish yellow, with fringe yellowish white.</p><p>Frons 1.4 times as wide as eye, converging ventrally; parafrontalia slightly projecting above eye in profile; ors and ori each two; oh minute, reclinate, in row; ocellar triangle small, not extending ventrally to level of first ori; lunule higher than semicircle; eye 1.5 times as high as wide, bare; gena narrow, 1/9 as high as eye. First antennal flagellomere orbicular, wider than genal height; arista almost as long as eye width, microscopically pubescent.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, eight rows of acr. Wing 1.9 mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 37: 10: 9; r-m beyond midpoint of discal cell (12: 9); M1 ratio 3.6; ultimate section of CuA1 about 2/ 3 as long as penultimate section. Mid tibia with two pd.</p><p>S6 thrice as long as S5, with emargination on posterior 1/4. Epandrium with surstylus narrowly lobate, incurved, bearing 22–24 spines in three irregular rows marginally and several setae; cercus 2/3 as high as epandrium, bearing a row of six stout setae anteroventrally. Hypandrium 250 µm long, with basal apodeme long (130 m). Phallapodeme 450 µm long; phallus 300 µm long, thin and ill-chitinized, basiphallus U-shaped in ventral view, with long membranous lobe distally (very weakly chitinized along dorsal margin), meso- and distiphallus each simple; ejaculatory apodeme 190 µm long, 90 µm wide.</p><p>Body length 2.0 mm.</p><p>FEMALE. Similar to male, but mesoscutum more weakly shining, without coppery sheen; wing length 2.0 mm.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species somewhat resembles Melanagromyza alternata Spencer, 1961 a, known from Taiwan, and M. normalis Spencer, 1962 b, from New Ireland (both species were described from the females only), but is readily distinguishable by its mesoscutum with a trace of metallic coloration, and also by its smaller size from the former species (wing length 2.6 mm in M. alternata female) and by its higher lunule from the latter (semicircular in M. normalis). Also, M. macilenta is externally similar to M. yodai Sasakawa, but the male genitalia are quite different from each other (Key: couplet 18).</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the thin (Latin: macilentus) phallus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D064CFFF8B3F3FCD0FE41AEB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D064BFFF8B3F3FE90F939AD52.text	B410B94D064BFFF8B3F3FE90F939AD52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza malayensis Sasakawa	<div><p>Melanagromyza malayensis Sasakawa</p><p>Melanagromyza malayensis Sasakawa, 1963a:35 .</p><p>Material examined. 3♂, 1♀, Loei, Phu Ruea National park, 17˚29.907´N, 101˚20. 483´E, 1196 m a.s.l., 5–12 viii 2006, 17˚30.128´N, 101˚20.339´E, 1233 m, 19–26 viii 2006 &amp; 17˚30.740´N, 101˚20.650´E, 1353 m, 26 ix–2 x 2006, Malaise trap, Nukoonchai Jaroenchai.</p><p>Measurements: male genitalia—hypandrium 270–370 µm long, with basal apodeme 80–150 µm, slightly broadened vertically at base; phallapodeme 480–630 µm long, phallus 360–440 µm long (distiphallus 220-250 µm long); ejaculatory apodeme 240–260 µm long, 130–150 µm wide.</p><p>Remarks. The male genitalia of this species are extremely similar to that of M. dolichostigma, especially in the shape of the surstylus and distiphallus, but this species belongs to the different species-group characterized by a dark fringe on the calypter, not pale as in the dolichostigama -group. Also, in M. malayensis, the surstylus is provided with a row of seven to nine long spines at the base of the anteroventral projection, which is only setose, one stout spine is on the posteroventral corner of the epandrium, and a distiphallus is composed of a long process dorsad of a distal tube (Sasakawa 1963a: fig. 9b, c).</p><p>Distribution. Malaysia (Peninsula), Thailand (new record).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D064BFFF8B3F3FE90F939AD52	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D064BFFF8B3F3FC3DF93FA859.text	B410B94D064BFFF8B3F3FC3DF93FA859.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza metallica (Thomson) Thomson	<div><p>Melanagromyza metallica (Thomson)</p><p>Agromyza metallica Thomson, 1869: 609 . Melanagromyza metallica: Spencer, 1959: 278 . Agromyza similis Lamb, 1912: 346 .</p><p>Material examined. 2♀, Loei, Phu Ruea National Park, 17˚28.772´N, 101˚21.308´E, 860 m a.s.l., 19–26 vii 2006 &amp; 17˚30.502´N, 101˚20.868´E, 1343 m, 12–19 ix 2006, Malaise trap, Nukoonchai Jaroenchai; 4♂, 14♀, Phetchabun, Khao Kho National Park, 16˚39.120´N, 101˚07.810´E, 246 m, 5–12 ix 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chachumnan &amp; Saink Singtong; 16˚32.539´N, 102˚02.483´E, 242 m, 5–12 xi 2006 &amp; 16˚32.546´N, 101˚02.501´E, 274 m, 19–26 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chachumnan &amp; Saink Singtong; 53♂, 82♀, Chiyaphum, Pa Hin Ngam National Park, 15˚34.802´N, 101˚25.990´E, 430 m, 14–15 xi 2006, pan trap; 15˚34.913´N, 101˚25.658´E, 444 m, 22–28 xi 2006 &amp; 28 xi–4 xii 2006, Malaise trap, Katae Sa-nog &amp; Buakaw Adnafai.</p><p>Remarks. This is one of the commonest species in the Old World tropics from Micronesia and E. Melanesia to Africa. The fly is small (wing length 1.7–2.2 mm in male), black, shining greenish or coppery on the mesoscutum and abdomen, and the male has an anterodorsal patch of white hairs on the eye. The larvae are known as the stemborers of Ageratum, Bidens and Vernonia spp. ( Asteraceae).</p><p>Distribution. Taiwan, Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand (Sasakawa 1963 a), India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia (Irian Jaya), Flores, Papua New Guinea, Belau, Australia, New Ireland, New Britain, Solomons, New Caledonia, Micronesia, Vanuatu, Fiji; Africa, Seychelles; Japan (Ryukyus).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D064BFFF8B3F3FC3DF93FA859	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D064BFFFAB3F3F93BFF5BADD5.text	B410B94D064BFFFAB3F3F93BFF5BADD5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza multistriata	<div><p>Melanagromyza multistriata sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 22–24)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QBSG), Phetchabun, Khao Kho National Park, 16˚52.581´N, 101˚08.060´E, 520 m a.s.l., 19–26 x 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chatchumnan &amp; Saink Singtong. Paratypes: 3♂, 5♀, same locality and collectors as holotype, 12–19 &amp; 19–26 x 2006.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black, wing length 1.9–2.2 mm; ocellar triangle large; mesoscutum and abdomen shining coppery; calypter with fringe white; crossvein r-m only a little beyond midpoint of discal cell; surstylus with 26 spines in four rows; basiphallic sclerites separated in both ends, distiphallus densely striated longitudinally.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle shining; arista brown; mesoscutum, scutellum and abdomen shining coppery. Wing hyaline, calypter with margin yellow, fringe white.</p><p>Frons 1.3 times as wide as eye, slightly converging ventrally; parafrontalia not projecting above eye in profile; ors and ori each two; oh reclinate, in row; ocellar triangle large, with ventral tip extending to level of first ori; lunule semicircular; eye 1.5 times as high as wide, bare; gena 1/6–1/7 as high as eye. First antennal flagellomere rounded apically, wider than genal height; arista almost as long as eye width, pubescent.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, six rows of acr. Wing 1.9–2.2 (2.2) mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 32–33: 10: 8; r-m almost at or slightly beyond midpoint of discal cell (11–12: 10); M1 ratio 2.5–3.0; ultimate section of CuA1 about 3/5 as long as penultimate section. Mid tibia with two pd.</p><p>S6 about thrice as long as S5, deeply incised on posteromedian 2/5. Surstylus slightly projected in posteroventral corner of epandrium, bearing 26 spines in about four rows. Hypandrium 400 µm long, with basal apodeme slightly shorter than 1/3 length of sidearm. Phallapodeme 530 µm long; phallus 340 µm long, basiphallus with lateral sclerites isolated and each shortly projected inwardly at middle, mesophallus short but with membranous tube (weakly chitinized on ventral side) distally, distiphallus with dorsal process short, distal tube densely striated longitudinally on lateral side; ejaculatory apodeme 230 µm long, blade slightly expanded asymmetrically, 80 µm wide.</p><p>FEMALE. Similar to male externally, wing length 2.0– 2.3 mm.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species is distinctive in a peculiar structure of the phallus described above.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the densely striated (Latin: multus + striatus) distiphallus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D064BFFFAB3F3F93BFF5BADD5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0649FFFAB3F3FBB0FBFDA9B4.text	B410B94D0649FFFAB3F3FBB0FBFDA9B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza obtusa (Malloch) Malloch	<div><p>Melanagromyza obtusa (Malloch)</p><p>(Figs 25–27)</p><p>Agromyza obtusa Malloch, 1914: 323 .</p><p>Melanagromyza obtusa: Hennig, 1941: 174 . Melanagromyza weberi Meijere, 1922: 20 .</p><p>Material examined. 1♂,2♀, Loei, Phu Ruea National Park, 17˚29.907´N, 101˚20.483´E, 1195 m a.s.l., 5–12 viii 2006, Malaise trap, Nukoonchai Jaroenchai; 1♀, Phetchabun, Khao Kho National Park, 16˚32.546´N, 101˚02.501´E, 274 m, 5–12 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chachumnan &amp; Saink Singtong.</p><p>Remarks. This black species is characterized by the shining coppery-greenish mesoscutum and abdomen, a whitish fringe on the calypter, a large ocellar triangle with the ventral apex obtuse and extending almost to the dorsal margin of the lunule, and a long phallapodeme and phallus; wing length 2.2–2.7 mm in male. Larva is known as a seed-feeder in young pods of Cajanus, Phaseolus, Vigna spp., etc. (Leguminosae).</p><p>Description. The male genitalia are described below in detail: epandrium with a spine in inner posteroventral corner (as seen in M. cirrappendicula) and a long spine mesal to that; surstylus projected roundly on anteroventral part of epandrium, bearing 15–17 spines in two irregular rows along distal margin; cercus 2/3 as high as epandrium, with a row of five stout setae on anteroventral part; phallic hood 140 µm long, with serrations of minute spinules along lateral margins and a pair of distinct spines before lateral apices; hypandrium 440 µm long, with basal apodeme about 1/2 as long as sidearm; pregonite crescent-shaped, with several sensillae; postgonite as long as pregonite, shortly bifurcate at base; phallapodeme 740 µm long; phallus 530 µm long, basiphallic sclerites narrow and extremely long, ending a approximate midpoint of meso+distiphallus; mesophallus with ventral process extending posteriorly on lateral sides of distiphallus; distiphallus with long tube distally and surrounded by spinulose membrane laterally; ejaculatory apodeme 240 µm long, 190 µm wide.</p><p>Distribution. Taiwan, Malaysia (Peninsula), Thailand, Indonesia (Java, Irian Jaya), India, Sri Lanka, Papua New Guinea, Australia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0649FFFAB3F3FBB0FBFDA9B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0648FFFBB3F3FF03FE16A8C5.text	B410B94D0648FFFBB3F3FF03FE16A8C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza pandiculata	<div><p>Melanagromyza pandiculata sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 28–32)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QBSG), Chaiyaphum, Tat Tone National Park, 15˚59.037´N, 102˚02.103´E, 250 m a.s.l., 23–26 vi 2006, Litter sample, Bunjong Pakeaw. Paratype: ♂, same locality as holotype, 21–28 vi 2006, Malaise trap, Patikhom Thumtip.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black; ocellar triangle large, brilliantly shining; mesoscutum and abdomen without metallic luster; calypter with fringe black; gena broad; first antennal flagellomere distinctly whitish-pilose; epandrium with two long spines on inner anteroventral margin; surstylus broad, with about 30 spines in three irregular rows; phallus with distinct swellings on ventral and dorsal sides.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle strongly and parafrontalia scarcely shining; lunule slightly grayish pruinose; first antennal flagellomere faintly brown-tinged, arista brown to black; thorax shining, mesoscutum and pleuron very sparsely gray-pollinose, mesopleural suture and wing base brownish white, scutellum matt; abdomen strongly shining. Wing hyaline, base of veins brownish white or yellowish; calypter grayish white, with margin brown and fringe black.</p><p>Frons 1.3 times as wide as eye, parallel-sided; ocellar triangle distinctly narrowed ventrally, with tip extending to level of first ori; parafrontalia and parafacialia slightly projecting beyond eye in profile; ors two, first ors only a little longer than second ors, ori two, shorter than ors, first ori reclinate, second ori inclinate; oh minute, reclinate or erect, in row; lunule semicircular; face with carina narrow; eye 1.2 times as high as wide; gena 1/4–1/5 as high as eye; pm five. First antennal flagellomere small, slightly shorter than wide, as wide as genal height, rounded apically, with white pile distinct; arista shorter then eye height, appearing bare (microscopically pubescent).</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, eight to ten rows of acr before transverse suture but four to six rows behind level of anterior dc, ipa 1/3–1/4 as long as opa. Wing 1.7–2.2 (1.7) mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 36:10: 9; r-m beyond midpoint of discal cell (8–11: 5); M1 ratio 3.3–4.0; ultimate section of CuA1 1/ 2–3/4 as long as penultimate section. Mid tibia with two pd.</p><p>S6 1.5 times as long as S5, twice as wide as long, with shallow emargination posteriorly. Epandrium with two long spines on inner anteroventral margin; surstylus almost as wide as epandrium, bearing 28–30 spines in three to four irregular rows; cercus narrow, slightly shorter than epandrial height; proctiger trapezoidal, membranous except for narrowly chitinized lateral margins. Hyapandrium 390 µm long, with basal apodeme long (about 3/4 as long as sidearm); pregonite narrow, postgonite serrated on tip (Fig. 29). Phallapodeme 650 µm long; phallus 350 µm long, basiphallus V-shaped in ventral view and with membranous swelling which is spinulose on distal half, distiphallus narrowed basally but bifurcated distally and surrounded laterally by membranous lobes covered with many microscopic scales or granules; dorsal membranous swelling between basi- and distiphallus distinctive, containing weakly chitinized hypophallic sclerites; ejaculatory apodeme 220 µm long, 80 µm wide.</p><p>Body length 1.8–2.3 mm.</p><p>FEMALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species resembles the Australian Melanagromyza anceps Spencer and M. avicenniae Spencer in the body coloration and the characteristic form of the phallus, but its frons is narrower, the gena is broader, and acr are arranged in denser rows than those of both species. It is more closely related to the former species than the latter in size and chaetotaxy: in M. anceps, wing is 1.9 mm long, dc is two, and the distiphallus is distinctly bifurcated before end (Spencer 1977b: fig. 6), while in M. avicenniae, the wing is 3.2 mm long and there are three dc (distal part of distiphallus is illustrated indistinctly, fig. 11).</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the expanded (Latin: pandiculatus) phallus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0648FFFBB3F3FF03FE16A8C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0648FFE5B3F3F880FF53AA86.text	B410B94D0648FFE5B3F3F880FF53AA86.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza sexseriata	<div><p>Melanagromyza sexseriata sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 33–36)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QBSG), Phetchabun, Nam Nao National Park, 16˚44.999´N, 101˚27.804´E, 715 m a.s.l., 31 vii–7 viii 2006, Malaise trap, Noopean Hongyothi. Paratype: ♂, Chaiyaphum, Pa Hin Ngam National Park, 15˚34.802´N, 101˚25.990´E, 430 m a.s.l., 16–22 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Katae Sa-nog &amp; Buakaw Adnafai.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black; mesoscutum and abdomen strongly shining reddish-coppery; calypter with fringe whitish, halter with stalk brownish yellow, knob dark brown; acr in 10–12 dense rows; surstylus with about 15 spines in two basal rows and about 30 spines in four marginal rows; basiphallus short, distiphallus slender.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle shining; parafrontalia weakly shining; lunule gray pruinose; arista brownish black; thorax and abdomen strongly shining reddish-coppery (with greenish tinge at places under different angles). Wing with veins yellow at bases; calypter yellow, with fringe yellowish white; halter with knob dark brown but stalk brownish yellow.</p><p>Frons 1.5 times as wide as eye, slightly converging ventrally; parafrontalia slightly projecting above eye in profile; ors and ori each two; oh reclinate, in a row but two rows below level of first ori; ocellar triangle with ventral tip extending to level of second ors; lunule semicircular; eye 1.3 times as high as wide, bare; gena 1/7 as high as eye. First antennal flagellomere rounded apically, wider than long and wider than genal height, minutely pilose; arista slightly longer than eye height, minutely pubescent.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, 10–12 rows of acr. Wing 2.6 mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 31–34: 10: 9; r-m at middle level of discal cell (11: 10); M1 ratio 2.7–2.9; ultimate section of CuA1 about 2/3 (11–12: 18) as long as penultimate section. Mid tibia with two strong pd.</p><p>Epandrium with surstylus projected narrowly, bearing spines in two groups: 14 or 15 spines in two dorsobasal rows and 29–32 spines in four irregular rows along ventral margin of projection; cercus slightly shorter than epandrial height. Hypandrium 480 µm long, with sidearms fused broadly on basal 1/4, apodeme short (1/12 length of sidearm). Phallapodeme 680 µm long; phalluic hood 200 µm long, subquadrate, shorter than wide, with serration of three teeth on lateral side before distal corner. Phallus 440 µm long; basiphallus short, distiphallus narrow as figured, with distal tube almost membranous; ejaculatory apodeme 220 µm long, 90µm wide.</p><p>Body length 2.7 mm.</p><p>FEMALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to Melanagromyza dolichostigma in having a strongly shining-coppery body and a bare eye, but is distinguished from the latter by its larger size, paler stalk of halter, minutely pubescent arista, broader frons and gena, denser rows of acr, denser spines on the surstylus, and thin distiphallus. Also, this species has a characteristic arrangement of spines on the surstylus as seen in Papua New Guinean Melanagromyza bispinosa Sasakawa (1963c, fig. 7a), but in M. sexseriata, the body is reddish-black, the eye is bare, the rows of acr are denser, and structure of the distiphallus is more complicated.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the six rows (Latin: sex + series)of spines on the surstylus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0648FFE5B3F3F880FF53AA86	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0656FFE7B3F3FB41FF02AD11.text	B410B94D0656FFE7B3F3FB41FF02AD11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza spinuliloba	<div><p>Malanagromyza spinuliloba sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 37–39)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QBSG), Ubon Ratchathani, Pha Taem National Park, 15˚27.435´N, 105˚34.838´E, 238 m a.s.l., 11–18 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Sorawit &amp; Thongdee. Paratypes: 2♂, 3♀, Phetchabun, Khao Kho National Park, 16˚39.120´N, 101˚07.810´E, 246 m a.s.l., 12–19 ix 2006 &amp; 16˚32.539´N, 102˚02.483´E, 242 m, 26 xi–2 xii 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chachumnan &amp; Saink Singtong; 3♂, 5♀, Chaiyaphu, Pa Hin Ngam National Park, 15˚34.802´N, 101˚25.990´E, 430 m, 16–22 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Katae Sa-nog &amp; Buakaw Adnafai; 2♂, same locality and collectors as holotype, 15˚27.336´N, 105˚34.870´E, 232 m, 4–11 xi 2006, Malaise trap; 1♂, 2♀, same data as holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black; mesoscutum weakly and abdomen strongly shining coppery-greenish (abdomen sometimes bluish); calypter with fringe white; frons and gena narrow; surstylus with 11–14 spines on basal part of setose posteroventral projection; distiphallus with spinulose lobes at middle and membranous process dorsally before apex.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle and parafrontalia weakly shining; lunule brown-tinged, sparsely grayish pruinose; arista brown; mesoscutum slightly and abdomen strongly shining coppery. Wing with calypter white to pale yellow and fringe whitish.</p><p>Frons almost as wide as eye, slightly converging ventrally; parafrontalia not projecting above eye in profile; ors and ori each two; oh reclinate, in row; ocellar triangle with ventral tip extending beyond level of second ors or to first o r i; lunule slightly higher than semicircle; eye 1.5 times as high as wide, bare; gena 1/9 as high as eye; pm five. First antennal flagellomere small, rounded apically, rather distinctly pilose; arista slightly shorter than eye height, microscopically pubescent.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, eight rows of acr. Wing 1.6–1.9 (1.7) mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 30–35: 10: 8; r-m slightly beyond midpoint of discal cell (10–12: 8–10); M1 ratio 3.0– 3.9; ultimate section of CuA1 2/3–3/4 (rarely 1/2) as long as penultimate section (13–15: 20). Mid tibia with two pd.</p><p>S6 3.5 –5 times as long as S5, slightly wider than long, with median emargination on posterior 1/5. Epandrium with surstylus slightly projected posteroventrally, bearing 11–14 spines in two to three curved rows above a cluster of 15–20 setae on projection; cercus 1/2–2/3 as high as epandrium, with a row of two or three stout setae anteroventrally. Hypandrium 350–440 µm long, with sidearms broadly fused at base, apodeme 1/3–1/2 as long as sidearm. Phallapodeme 430-500 µm long; phallus 250–300 µm long, basiphallus variable in length, distiphallus with slender distal tube, a pair of small membranous lobes, which are densely covered with microscopic spinules, at middle of dorsolateral sides, and a long membranous process before dorsal apex; ejaculatory apodeme 150–170 µm long, blade slightly broadened asymmetrically, 5–100 µm wide.</p><p>Body length 1.8–1.9 (1.9) mm.</p><p>FEMALE. Similar to male, but mesoscutum and abdomen shining bluish, wing length 1.7–1.9 mm, body length 2.0– 2.2 mm.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species belongs to the albisquama -group externally, and has a rather simple structure of the phallus as seen in Melanagromyza erawanensis Spencer. However, this species is smaller (2.1 mm in male wing length of M. erawanensis), and its phallic structure is highly distinctive, as described above (phallus of erawanensis: Spencer 1986: figs 5, 6). The male genitalia of M. spinuliloba also differs distinctly from that of M. turgida sp. nov. (as shown in key, couplet 12).</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the spinulose lobe (Latin: spinulosus + lobus) on the distiphallus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0656FFE7B3F3FB41FF02AD11	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0654FFE0B3F3FCF3FE94AEB4.text	B410B94D0654FFE0B3F3FCF3FE94AEB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza turgida	<div><p>Melanagromyza turgida sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 40–42)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QBSG), Chaiyaphum, Tat Tone National Park, 15˚58.344´N, 102˚02.169´E, 257 m a.s.l., 26 viii–5 ix 2006, Malaise trap, Tawit Jaruphan &amp; Orawan Budsawong. Paratypes: 2♀, same data as holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black; mesoscutum and abdomen strongly shining coppery; calypter with fringe whitish; frons narrow; surstylus with about 28 spines in 3–4 rows; phallus with basal membranous part swollen by ventral extension of basiphallic sclerite, distiphallus with spinulose patch at middle of lateral side.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle shining; parafrontalia weakly shining; lunule and arista brown; mesoscutum moderately and abdomen strongly shining coppery. Wing hyaline; calypter white, with margin yellow, fringe yellowish white.</p><p>Frons almost as wide as eye, converging ventrally; parafrontalia slightly projecting above eye in profile, bearing two ors and two ori, second ori short; oh reclinate, in row; ocellar triangle with ventral tip extending beyond level of second ors; lunule semicircular; eye 1.3 times as high as wide, bare; gena 1/6–1/7 as high as eye; pm five or six. Antennae narrowly separated at base, first flagellomere orbicular, arista slightly shorter than eye height, pubescent.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, eight rows of acr before transverse suture but six rows behind that. Wing 2.0 mm long; costa extnding to M1, with three sections in proportion of 29:10: 7; r-m slightly beyond midpoint of discal cell; M1 ratio 3.4; ultimate section of CuA1 3/4 as long as penultimate section. Mid tibia with one or two pd.</p><p>S6 nearly twice as long as S5, 2/3 as long as wide, with shallow emagination posteriorly. Surstylus slightly projected ventrally, incurved, bearing 26–30 spines in 3–4 rows along ventral margin; cercus slightly longer than 2/ 3 of epandrial height. Hypandrium 250 µm long, with apodeme about 1/3 as long as sidearm. Phallapodeme 420 µm long; phallus 300 µm long, basiphallus with sclerites extremely expanded ventrally and distally, mesophallus almost as long as distiphallus and with distal tube curled, distiphallus with spinulose patch at middle of dorsolateral side and distal tube slightly broadened distally; ejaculatory apodeme 160 µm long, blade narrow, expanded asymmetrically, 75 µm wide.</p><p>FEMALE. Similar to male, but ovipositor sheath brown; frons 1.2 times as wide as eye; wing length 2.2 mm.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species also belongs to the albisquama -group, and its distiphallus is somewhat similar to that of Melanagromyza spinuliloba sp. nov. in having the spinulose patch on the distiphallus. But, the expanded basiphallic sclerites of this species are unique among the congenerous species.</p><p>Etymology. The specifc name refers to the swollen (Latin: turgidus) basiphallic membrane.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0654FFE0B3F3FCF3FE94AEB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0653FFE0B3F3FE90FB8FAA56.text	B410B94D0653FFE0B3F3FE90FB8FAA56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza yodai Sasakawa	<div><p>Melanagromyza yodai Sasakawa</p><p>(Figs 43–45)</p><p>Melanagromyza yodai Sasakawa, 1962: 135 .</p><p>Material examined. 1♂, 2♀, Phetchabun, Khao Kho National Park, 16˚52.573´N, 101˚08.077´E, 520 m a.s.l., 26 x–2 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chatchumnan.</p><p>This small, black species was described by a single female, with a slight metallic sheen on the faintly graydusted mesoscutum, collected at Doi Suthep, in December 1957.</p><p>Description. The male is described here for the first time, differing from the female in the following points: mesoscutum and abdomen brilliantly shining; frons slightly wider than eye; lunule semicircular; gena 1/8 as high as eye; acr arranged in eight rows; wing length 2.1 mm; S6 almost five times as long as S5, about 4/5 as long as wide, with shallow emargination posteriorly. Genitalia: epandrium with surstylus roundly projected on its anteroventral part, incurved, bearing 26 spines in three irregular rows, and few pale spines and setae on posterior corner of projection; cercus 1/2 as high as epandrium, with row of five or six stout setae anteroventrally; hypandrium 340 µm long, with basal apodeme about 1/3 as long as sidearm; pregonite with five to seven sensillae; phallapodeme 530 µm long; phallus 400 m long, basiphallus tubular, broadened distally; distiphallus with spinulose lobes near dorsolateral base; ejaculatory apodeme 190 µm long, blade almost symmetrically broadened distally, 110 µm wide.</p><p>Remarks. The coloration and structures of the male genitalia of this species show similarity to those of the Australian Melanagromyza trifilis Spencer, but this species has only two postsutural dc. The dense spines on the surstylus and spinules on the distiphallus in this species are distinctive (phallus of trifilis: Spencer 1977 b: figs 64, 65).</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0653FFE0B3F3FE90FB8FAA56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0653FFE0B3F3FB31F92CA84C.text	B410B94D0653FFE0B3F3FB31F92CA84C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia Brazhnikov	<div><p>Genus Ophiomyia Brazhnikov</p><p>This genus is widely distributed throughout the world. The 24 species have hitherto been recorded from the Oriental region, of which five species, Ophiomyia atralis (Spencer), O. conspicu a (Spencer), O. rotata (Spencer), and two bean flies: O. centrosematis (Meijere) and O. phaseoli (Tryon), have been known to occur in Thailand (Sasakawa 1977, 1981: Spencer 1986). Six further species are recorded below, three of which are new to science.</p><p>The males of three species, Ophiomyia cornuta Meijere, O. setituberosa Sasakawa, and O. striata sp. nov., have the vibrissal fasciculus, respectively, which is one of the generic characters. The distinctly raised facial carina as the other generic character is lacking in some species. All the species without these generic characters are clearly confirmed in their generic position by the characters of male genitalia such as surstylus, hypandrium and phallus, and larval posterior spiracles (shape, number of opening bulbs, etc). The larvae of this genus are known as the leafminers, external or internal stem-miners (rarely fruit-miners).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0653FFE0B3F3FB31F92CA84C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0653FFE1B3F3F908FFCBAD95.text	B410B94D0653FFE1B3F3F908FFCBAD95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia	<div><p>Key to Thailand species of Ophiomyia</p><p>1. Calypter with fringe white............................................................................... 2</p><p>- Calypter with fringe black...............................................................................4</p><p>2. Vibrissal fasciculus developed in male..................................................................... 3</p><p>- Vibrissal fasciculus lacking; frons as wide as eye; gena 1/10–1/20 as high as eye, with normal vibrissa on anterior angle; ultimate section of CuA1 2/3 as long as penultimate section (Orient, Pacific, Australia, South Africa; host plant: Vernomia cinerea)................................................................................ O. atralis (Spencer, 1961)</p><p>3. Facial carina narrow but distinct; frons subequal to width of eye; gena 1/4 as high as eye; ultimate section of CuA1 about 3/5 as long as penultimate section; distiphallus bulbous distally (Spencer 1977: figs 91, 92) (Orient, Pacific, Australia; Japan; host plants: Goodenia, Scaevola spp.)..................................................... O. cornuta Meijere (1910)</p><p>- Facial carina broad, spindle-shaped below antennal bases; frons 1.5 times as wide as eye, gena 1/5 as high as eye; ultimate sec- tion of CuA1 as long as penultimate; distiphallus striated distally.................................. O. striata sp. nov.</p><p>4. Small species, with wing length 1.3–1.5 mm; vibrissal fasciculus present in male; gena 1/5–1/7 as high as eye; ultimate section of CuA1 almost equal to penultimate section; surstylus with nine spines; distiphallus with a clavate processs on inner left side (Taiwan, Thailand).......................................................... O. setituberosa Sasakawa (1972)</p><p>- Larger, wing length 1.6–2.9 mm; vibrissal fasciculus absent in male............................................. 5</p><p>5. Wing less than 2.5 mm in length; gena narrow, 1/6–1/8 as high as eye............................................ 6</p><p>- Wing length 2.5–2.9 mm; gena 1/5 as high as eye; ultimate section of CuA1 1/2 as long as penultimate (Orient; Japan; fruit- feeder of Ricinus sp.)................................................................ O. ricini (Meijere, 1922)</p><p>6. First antennal flagellomere with long pile; surstylus with about 35 spines; hypandrium with basal apodeme long; distiphallus with more than 65 strong spines on one membranous side (Orient, Australia; Japan).......... O. conspicua (Spencer, 1961)</p><p>- First antennal flagellomere minutely pilose................................................................. 7</p><p>7. Basiphallus with lateral sclerites connected broadly at middle.................................................. 8</p><p>- Basiphallus with lateral sclerites largely isolated............................................................. 10</p><p>8. Fore tibia with an external bristle; surstylus with about 50 spines; distiphallus with spinulose lobes laterally (Thailand, Vanu- atu)......................................................................... O. phalloides Sasakawa (2004)</p><p>- Fore tibia without external bristle......................................................................... 9</p><p>9. Ocellar triangle with ventral tip extending to level of second ors; face with carina narrowly distinct, extending to oral margin; surstylus with about 28 spines; distiphallus with whip-like process on left lateral lobe.............. O. flagellata sp. nov.</p><p>- Ocellar triangle with ventral tip extending almost to level of first or i; face without distinct carina; distiphallus broadened dis- tally (Orient, Pacific, Australia, Africa; Japan; stem-miner on Glycine, Phaseolus spp. etc.)....... O. phaseoli (Tryon, 1892)</p><p>10. Surstylus with spines more than 30....................................................................... 11</p><p>- Surstylus with 15–17 spines; distiphallus with basal lobe surrounding as ring and spinulose on lateral side (Orient, Australia, Africa; Japan; stem-miner on Glycene, Phaseolus spp. etc.).......................... O. centrosematis (Meijere, 1940)</p><p>11. Distiphallus with lobe sparsely spinulose (Orient, Australia)................................ O. rotata (Spencer, 1965)</p><p>- Distiphallus with four lobes, dorsal lobe smaller than ventral lobe, spinulose internally.............. O. quadrifida sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0653FFE1B3F3F908FFCBAD95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0652FFE1B3F3FC75FB4EA80E.text	B410B94D0652FFE1B3F3FC75FB4EA80E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia centrosematis (Meijere) Meijere	<div><p>Ophiomyia centrosematis (Meijere)</p><p>Melanagromyza centrosematis Meijere, 1940: 128 . Ophiomyia centrosematis: Spencer, 1966a: 3 .</p><p>Material examined. ♂, Loei, Phu Ruea National Park, 17˚30.128´N, 101˚20.339´E, 1233 m a.s.l., 26 viii–2 ix 2006, Malaise trap, Nukoonchai Jarroenchai.</p><p>Remarks. This is a stem-miner on many genera of Leguminosae ( Papilionoideae), such as the cultivated Glycine, Phaseolus and Vigna, the cover crops Centrosema and Calopogonium spp., etc. Larva has three opening bulbs on a short stalk of the posterior spiracle. The male genitalia are characteristic in the asymmetric form of basiphallic sclerites and the presence of a spinulose patch on lateral side of the distiphallic basal lobe. Other genitalic characters are as follows: surstylus with 15–17 spines in two irregular rows along the anterior margin of the projection; pre- and postgonites each strongly chitinized, the latter with a blunt serration along the ventral margin; phallapodeme 460 µ m long and phallus 330 µm long; ejaculatory apodeme 180 µm long and 70 µm wide.</p><p>Distribution. Taiwan, Malaysia (Peninsula), Thailand, Indonesia (Java), India, Australia; E. Africa; Japan (Ryukyus).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0652FFE1B3F3FC75FB4EA80E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0652FFE2B3F3F9C7FEABAFA9.text	B410B94D0652FFE2B3F3F9C7FEABAFA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia conspicua (Spencer) Spencer	<div><p>Ophiomyia conspicua (Spencer)</p><p>Melanagromyza conspicua Spencer, 1961a: 71 . Ophiomyia conspicua: Spencer, 1977a:349 . Ophiomyia joycei Sasakawa, 1963 b: 417 .</p><p>Melanagromyza latifrons Garg, 1971: 191 .</p><p>Melanagromyza spiniphallata Garg, 1971: 198 .</p><p>Material examined. 2♂, Loei, Phu Ruea National Park, 17˚30.128´N, 101˚20.339´E, 1233 m a.s.l., 19–26 viii 2006, Malaise trap, Nukoonchai Jaroenchai; 2♂,1♀, same locality and collector as above, 17˚30.502´N, 101˚20.868´E, 1343 m, 12–19 ix 2006; 3♂,4♀, Chaiyaphum Pa Hin Ngam National Park, 15˚34.913´N, 101˚25.658´E, 444 m a.s.l., 22–28 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Katae Sa-nog &amp; Buakaw Adnafai.</p><p>Remarks. This black fly lacks a distinct facial carina and a vibrissal fasciculus in the male. The surstylus bears about 40 spines, the hypandrium has a long basal apodeme (2/3 as long as to subequal to length of sidearm) broadened vertically on the basal 1/3, and the distiphallus is covered laterally with the large, weakly chitinized lobes which are provided with about 65 strong spines or spinules on one side; the egg-guides bear a serration of about 30 teeth on each ventral margin (Sasakawa 1963b: fig. 10a–c). Larva is a stem-miner of Eclipta and Siegesbeckia spp. ( Asteraceae; Spencer 1990).</p><p>Distribution. Thailand, Singapore, Philippines, Taiwan, Indonesia (Irian Jaya), India, Sri Lanka; Papua New Guinea, Australia, Bismarck Archipelago, New Britain, Vanuatu, New Caledonia; Japan (Ryukyus).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0652FFE2B3F3F9C7FEABAFA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0651FFE2B3F3FE6BFE40ADFE.text	B410B94D0651FFE2B3F3FE6BFE40ADFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia cornuta Meijere	<div><p>Ophiomyia cornuta Meijere</p><p>Ophiomyia cornuta Meijere, 1910: 161 . Ophiomyia leucolepis Bezzi, 1928: 164 . Ophiomyia scaevolae Frick, 1953: 209 .</p><p>Ophiomyia goodeniae Spencer, 1963: 323 .</p><p>Material examined. Many females, Sakon Nakhon, Phu Pha Yon National Park, 16˚55.655´N, 104˚10.658´E, 280 m a.s.l., 17–23 vii 2006, Malaise trap, Manop Ngoyjansri &amp; Chatree Cheaukamjan; Chaiyaphum, Tat Tone National Park, 15˚58.538´N, 102˚02.153´E, 280 m, 26 vii–7 viii 2006, Malaise trap, T. Jaruphan &amp; O. Budsawong.</p><p>Remarks. The male of this species has a narrow facial carina and a curving fasciculus on the vibrissal angle (about 45˚); the fringe on the calypter is white. Larva is a leafminer on Goodenia and Scaevola spp. ( Goodeniaceae).</p><p>Distribution. Thailand (new record), Indonesia (Krakatau I.), Belau, Micronesia, Hawaii, Australia, New Zealand, Marshall Is., Kiribati, Tuvalu, Fiji, French Polynesia; Japan (Ryukyus).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0651FFE2B3F3FE6BFE40ADFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D0651FFECB3F3FBD9FF77AFA9.text	B410B94D0651FFECB3F3FBD9FF77AFA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia flagellata	<div><p>Ophiomyia flagellata sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 46–48)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QSBG), Phetchabun, Khao Kho National Park, 16˚52.573´N, 101˚08.077´E, 520 m a.s.l., 26 x–2 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chatchumnan &amp; Sa-ink Singtong. Paratypes: 2♂, same data as holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. Shining black; calypter with fringe black; facial carina narrow, extending ventrally to oral margin; vibrissal fasciculus lacking; sursrtylus with about 28 spines in anteroventral corner; basiphallus with lateral sclerites joined basally by a ventral bridge, distiphallus with a whip-like process on left side.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle and facial carina shining; lunule brown-tinged; mesoscutum and abdomen strongly shining. Wing hyaline; calypter brownish gray, with margin and fringe black.</p><p>Frons slightly wider than eye, converging ventrally; parafrontalia not projecting above eye in profile; ors and ori each two, oh rather long, reclinate; ocellar triangle with ventral tip pointed sharply, extending to level of second ors; lunule lower than semicircle; face with carina distinct, narrowly raised below bases of antennae, extending ventrally to oral margin; eye about 1.2 times as high as wide; gena 1/6–1/7 as high as eye; vi normal. First antennal flagellomere round, wider than genal height; arista almost as long as eye width, microscopically pubescent.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, eight rows of acr. Wing 1.8–2.2 (1.8) mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 29–31: 8: 7; r-m beyond midpoint of discal cell (8: 4–5); M1 ratio 4.5–6.0; ultimate section of CuA1 1/2–3/4 as long as penultimate section (10–15: 22).</p><p>Epandrium with surstylus slightly projected anteriorly, bearing 27 or 28 spines and many long setae in anteroventral corner; cercus narrow, 2/3 as high as epandrium, with a row of five to seven stout setae anteroventrally. Hypandrium 220 µm long, without basal apodeme. Phallapodeme 530 µm long; phallus 360–370 µm long, basiphallus with narrow lateral sclerites joined by a bridge extending from midpoint of the left sclerite towards base of the right, distiphallus with two lobes laterally and a whip-like process on left lobe. Ejaculatory apodeme 180 µm long, blade asymmetrically expanded, 90 µm wide.</p><p>Body length 1.8–2.0 mm.</p><p>FEMALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. The coloration, wing length and characteristic form of the basiphallus of this species are somewhat similar to those of Ophiomyia centrosematis, but in the new species the facial carina is distinct, and the distiphallus bears a whip-like process on the left lobe; in O. centrosematis, the facial carina is quite absent, the basiphallic sclerites are isolated except for their base, and the distiphallic lobes are spinulose.</p><p>Etymology. The specifc name refers to the whip-like (Latin: flagellatus) process on the distiphallus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D0651FFECB3F3FBD9FF77AFA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D065FFFECB3F3FE6BF88EADC6.text	B410B94D065FFFECB3F3FE6BF88EADC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia phalloides Sasakawa	<div><p>Ophiomyia phalloides Sasakawa</p><p>Ophiomyia phalloides Sasakawa, 2004: 87 .</p><p>Material examined. 16♂,3♀, loei, Phu Ruea National Park, 17˚30.502´N, 101˚20.868´E, 1343 m a.s.l., 5–12 &amp; 12–19 ix 2006 and 17˚30.740´N, 101˚20.650´E, 1353 m, 5–12 &amp; 19–26 ix 2006, Malaise trap, Nukoonchai Jaroenchai.</p><p>Remarks. This species lacks a distinct facial carina and a vibrissal fasciculus in the male, but the male and female genitalia are strikingly distinctive (Sasakawa 2004: figs 5–10). It has previously been known only from Vanuatu. Although few specimens collected in Thailand have a metallic sheen on the mesoscutum and abdomen, their male and female genitalia are quite identical with those of the type specimens from Vanuatu. New records of this species from Thailand indicates the unusually wide distribution at present.</p><p>Distribution. Vanuatu, Thailand (new record).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D065FFFECB3F3FE6BF88EADC6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D065FFFEDB3F3FB81FEA2AF8C.text	B410B94D065FFFEDB3F3FB81FEA2AF8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia quadrifida	<div><p>Ophiomyia quadrifida sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 49–53)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QSBG), Khonkaen, Phu Pha Man National Park, 16˚43.680´N, 101˚59.772´E, 268 m a.s.l., 18–19 vi 2006, pan trap, Prayoon C.G.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black; calypter with fringe black; face with carina narrowly raised; vibrissal fasciculus absent; ultimate section of CuA1 3/4 length of penultimate; surstylus with 32 or 33 spines; basiphallic sclerites asymmetric, right sclerite Y-shaped and left one almost straight, distiphallus quadrilobate.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; ocellar triangle shining, parafrontalia scarcely shining; lunule slightly grayish pruinose; arista brown; thorax shining, sparsely gray-dusted; abdomen strongly shining. Wing hyaline; calypter whitish-gray, with margin and fringe black.</p><p>Frons nearly 1.5 times as wide as eye, slightly converging ventrally; parafrontalia with ventral part and parafacialia slightly projecting beyond eye margin in profile; ocellar triangle with ventral tip extending to level of second ors; ors and ori each two; oh in rather dense row; lunule lower than semicircle; facial carina narrow but distinct; eye 1.3 times as high as wide; gena 1/8 as high as eye, without vibrissal fasciculus. First antennal flagellomere small, rounded apically, as long as wide, moderately pilose; arista as long as eye height, appearing bare (microscopically pubescent).</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, eight rows of acr anteriorly but four rows behind level of anterior dc. Wing 2.0 mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 38: 10: 9; r-m at distal 2/5 of discal cell (13: 5); M1 ratio 6.0; ultimate section of CuA1 3/4 as long as penultimate section.</p><p>S6 twice as long as S5, 1.5 times as wide as long, with shallow emargiantion posteriorly. Epandrium with surstylus slightly projected, bearing 32 or 33 spines in four to five irregular rows along margin; cercus 1/2 as high as epandrium. Hypandrium 380 µm long, with bsal apodeme nearly 1/4 as long as sidearm; pregonite with several sensillae, postgonite crescent-shaped. Phallapodeme 660 µm long, slighyly sinuate in basal 1/3. Phallus 470 µm long; epiphallus swollen distally; basiphallus with asymmetric sclerites narrow, of which right one Y-forked, with lateral fork joined with left sclerite; distiphallus quadrilobate dorsally and ventrally, with spinules internally in ventral lobes; ejaculatory apodeme 220 µm long, 100 µm wide.</p><p>FEMALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. This species is similar to Ophiomyia centrosematis and O. rotata (Spencer, 1965) in having the characteristic sclerites of basiphallus, but is easily distinguished from them by its densely spinose surstylus, crescent-shaped postgonite, and four-lobed distiphallus. The distiphallus of O. rotata (Spencer 1965: fig. 1, as Melanagromyza) has 12 strong spines on a bowl-shaped dorsal process and two distal processes.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the distiphallus split into four parts (Latin: quadrifidus).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D065FFFEDB3F3FB81FEA2AF8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D065EFFEDB3F3FE48FB07AD9F.text	B410B94D065EFFEDB3F3FE48FB07AD9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia ricini (Meijere) Meijere	<div><p>Ophiomyia ricini (Meijere)</p><p>Melanagromyza ricini Meijere 1922: 20 . Ophiomyia ricini: Spencer, 1990: 147 .</p><p>Material examined. 1♀, Phitsanulok, Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, 16˚50.641´N, 101˚52.894´E, 557 m a.s.l., 18–25 viii 2006, Malaise trap, Pongpitak Pranee; 1♀, Rhetchabun, Khao Kho National Park, 16˚39.257´N, 101˚07.945´E, 186 m, 19–26 ix 2006, Malaise trap, Somchai Chachumnan &amp; Sa-ink Singtong.</p><p>Remarks. This black species is large, with a wing length of 2.5–2.9 mm and a black fringe on the calypter, r-m is at the midpoint of discal cell, and the ultimate section of CuA1 is 1/2–3/4 as long as the penultimate section. The larva is known as a fruit-feeder of Ricinus sp. ( Euphorbiaceae).</p><p>Distribution. Indonesia (Java, Sumbawa, Flores), Myanmar, Thailand (new record), Philippines, Taiwan; Japan (Ryukyus).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D065EFFEDB3F3FE48FB07AD9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D065EFFEDB3F3FC7AF894A81B.text	B410B94D065EFFEDB3F3FC7AF894A81B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia setituberosa Sasakawa	<div><p>Ophiomyia setituberosa Sasakawa</p><p>Ophiomyia setituberosa Sasakawa, 1972: 57 .</p><p>Material examined. 3♂, Phetchabun, Khao Kho National Park, 16˚52.568´N, 101˚08.104´E, 520 m a.s.l., 12–19 x 2006, Malaise trap, Somachai Chatchumnan &amp; Sa-ink Sington; 1♂, Loei, Phu Kradueng National Park, 16˚49.099´N, 101˚47.624´E, 275 m, 20–26 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Daorueng Sinhpreecha; 3♂,1♀, Chaiyaphum, Pa Hin Ngam National Park, 15˚34.913´N, 101˚25.658´E, 444 m, 28 xi–4 xii 2006, Malaise trap, Katae Sa-nog &amp; Buakaw Adnafai.</p><p>Remarks. This species is very small (1.3–1.5 mm in wing length), entirely black, including the fringe on the calypter, and is further characterized by: the facial carina raised narrowly above and below level of the antennal scape, vibrissal fasciculus in male straight basally but curved upwrds on apical 1/3, ultimate section of CuA1 almost equal to penultimate section in length, surstylus with about nine spines (five anteromarginal spines minute), distiphallus with a setulose, claviform process on inner left side of the basal lobe, ejaculatory apodeme with blade broad and circular in outline (almost as long as broad, 170–203 µm).</p><p>Distribution. Taiwan, Thailand (new record).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D065EFFEDB3F3FC7AF894A81B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
B410B94D065EFFEEB3F3F9E6FE13AD45.text	B410B94D065EFFEEB3F3F9E6FE13AD45.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia striata	<div><p>Ophiomyia striata sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 54–56)</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (QSBG), Loei, Phu Kradueng National Park, 16˚49.099´N, 101˚47.624´E, 275 m a.s.l., 14–20 xi 2006, Malaise trap, Suthin Gong-lasae.</p><p>Diagnosis. Black; calypter with fringe white; lunule low; facial carina spindle-shaped; gena broad, vibrissal fasciculus distinct; ultimate section of CuA1 equal to penultimate section in length; surstylus with about eight spines; distiphallus striated distally on lateral side.</p><p>Description. MALE. Black; parafrontalia and lunule brown-tinged; ocellar triangle shining; mesoscutum and abdomen moderately shining; wing hyaline, calypter brownish-gray, with fringe whitish.</p><p>Frons 1.5 times as wide as eye, converging ventrally; parafrontalia slightly projecting above eye in profile; ors and ori each two; oh reclinate, in row; ocellar triangle with ventral tip blunt, extending beyond level of second ors; lunule narrow, distinctly lower than semicircle, with median furrow; face with carina distinctly raised, forming a spindle below base of antennae; eye 1.2 times as high as wide; gena 1/5 as high as eye, projecting forwards, forming angle of 70˚ in front; vibrissal fasciculus 3/5 as long as srista, with slight upward curvature at base, straight apically. First antennal flagellomere round, with minute pile; arista appearing bare.</p><p>Mesoscutum with 0+2 dc, ten rows of acr anteriorly but eight rows behind level of anterior dc. Wing 1.8 mm long; costa extending to M1, with three sections in proportion of 31:10: 7; r-m at distal 1/3 of discal cell (10: 5); M1 ratio 5.4; ultimate section of CuA1 equal to penultimate section in length.</p><p>S6 about four times as long as S5, 1.3 times as wide as long, with posterior emargination on median 1/3. Epandrium with surstylus slightly projected, incurved, bearing three apical spines and four or five spinules; cercus small, 2/3 as high as epandrium. Hypandrium 280 µm long, with basal apodeme short, about 1/5 as long as sidearm. Phallapodeme 560 µm long; phallus 330 µm long, distiphallus striated distally on lateral side and spinulose internally; ejaculatory apodeme 160 µm long, blade very narrow, 35 µm wide.</p><p>Body length 2.0 mm.</p><p>FEMALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Thailand.</p><p>Remarks. On external characters this species resembles Ophiomyia cornuta, but it is easily distinguished by its broader facial carina, longer ultimate section of CuA1, and striated distiphallus.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the striated (Latin: striatus) distiphallus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B410B94D065EFFEEB3F3F9E6FE13AD45	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro	Sasakawa, Mitsuhiro (2013): Thailand Agromyzidae (Diptera) — 2. Zootaxa 3746 (4): 501-528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3746.4.1
