identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
BA707837FFD95729FF47F31EE4AF7620.text	BA707837FFD95729FF47F31EE4AF7620.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scopaeus decipiens , Kraatz 1859	<div><p>1. The Scopaeus decipiens species group</p><p>The Scopaeus decipiens species group is diagnosed below, followed by a key and descriptions and redescriptions of the associated species. The species group characters are not repeated in the species descriptions. As the species cannot be distinguished by exoskeletal features, the descriptions are only based on the primary and secondary sexual characters.</p><p>1.1. Description of the Scopaeus decipiens group</p><p>Description: Macrophthalmous, macropterous species of uniform habitus capable of flight with palisade fringe of abdominal tergite VIII (Fig. 1).</p><p>Body color reddish light brown (teneral specimens?) to medium brown, usually with lighter reddish brown or orange brown pronotum; elytra gradually lighter brown lateroposteriorly; tip of abdomen, antennae, mouthparts, and legs light brown to medium brown in darker colored specimens.</p><p>Exoskeleton very finely microsculptured with subnitid, finely punctate forebody surface; head with indistinct or notable, flat microreticulation (Fig. 2); pronotum and elytra polished without microreticulation (Figs 3, 4); head with simple punctation with puncture interspaces usually about two times as wide as puncture diameters (Fig. 2); pronotal punctation moderately wider than cephalic punctation, slightly granular (Fig. 3); elytral punctation coarser and denser than cephalic and pronotal punctation, granular (Fig. 4); abdomen with dense, setiferous, posteriad extended, irregular granules (Fig. 5).</p><p>Head about 1.1 times as long as wide, widest across parallel or slightly posteriorly widened tempora; eyes about 0.8 times as long as tempora; pronotum about 1.2 times as long as wide; elytral sutural length about as long as pronotal length; submedial labral denticles pointed, longer than pointed sublateral labral denticles; penultimate antennal segments quadrate; mesotibia slender, about 6 times longer than wide.</p><p>Stridular file very finely notched, comprised of about 60–70 clear denticles, contiguous with submarginal ridge of metaventrite, occupying about anterior half of submarginal ridge and slightly curved dorsad at posterior end (Figs 6–8); cluster of feebly curved, subparallel plectral ridges situated in dorsal half of posterior surface of mesofemur; cluster made up of about three dorsal, clear plectral ridges followed ventrally by approximately three indistinct, shorter plectral ridges (Fig. 9).</p><p>Metakatepisternal processes about 2.0 times as long as wide, tapered towards thin, acute apices (Fig. 7).</p><p>Total body length 2.6–3.3 mm (Ø 2.9 mm); forebody length 1.4–1.8 mm (Ø 1.6 mm).</p><p>Male: Protarsomeres 1–4 dilated, about three times as wide as long.</p><p>Abdominal sternite VII (e.g. Fig. 10) with subtriangular emargination in about posterior third of sternite width with lateroposterior angles strongly, triangularly extended beyond posterior sternite margin; emargination narrowly truncate anteriorly and laterally bordered with conspicuous comb made up of long, black, medioposteriad pointing macrosetae; emargination anteriorly surrounded by semicircular crown of black macrosetae in median third of sternite width.</p><p>Abdominal stenite VIII (e.g. Fig. 11) with short, wide emargination occupying about posterior fifth of sternite length; posterior margin of emargination in about median third shortly, convexly extended posteriorly with extension slightly, concavely curved medially; sternite in median third or median half with large, medially divided field of black macrosetae occupying median third or posterior two-thirds of sternite length.</p><p>Aedeagus (Figs 27–53) with short apical lobes occupying about apical 0.15 of aedeagal length. Apical lobes in dorsal view triangular (e.g. Fig. 29), in lateral view (e.g. Fig. 27) evenly curved ventrad toward obtuse or extended, ventrolaterad curved, pointed apical ends; ventral margin of apical lobes divided into obtuse or acute, more or less ventrolaterad curved, subapical tooth, membranous median lobe, and long, proximal portion with ventral margin running more or less parallel to dorsal margin of apical lobes toward obtuse or subacutely projecting, ventroproximal end (e.g. Figs 27, 28). Dorsal lobe inconspicuous, triangular in dorsal view (e.g. Figs 29). Flagellum short, strongly curved ventrad, not projecting from ventral margin of apical lobes. Ventral lobe short, not much projecting ventrally, in lateral view obtuse or shortly pointed apically (e.g. Fig. 27), in ventral view wide with distal margin triangularly incised medially (e.g. Fig. 28). Lateral lobes shortly convex, not much projecting laterally (e.g. Figs 28, 29), bearing long brush of ventrodistad pointing setae (e.g. Fig. 27). Phallobase strongly enlarged proximally, about as long as apical portion of aedeagus, median foramen thus situated in about middle of aedeagal length (e.g. Fig. 28). Postforamen and circoforamen weakly sclerotized (e.g. Fig. 28). Length of aedeagus 0.54–0.67 mm.</p><p>Female: Protarsomeres 1–4 narrow, about twice as wide as long.</p><p>Laterotergites IX with strong, convex, subapical, lateral enlargement clearly set off from narrow, acute apical ends (Fig. 54, arrow).</p><p>Female primary genitals made up of strongly sclerotized bursa (Figs 54–56, 58–61), short bursal duct not much longer than bursa (Fig. 56), and two-piece sperm pump with slender apical ends (Figs 54, 56). Bursa with ends curved dorsad (Figs 55, 58–61); anterior end of bursa widened dorsoventrally (Figs 58, 59) or laterally (Figs 60, 61).</p><p>Differential diagnosis: The Scopaeus decipiens species group does not have a specific external appearance which defines it within the genus. For example, it strongly resembles the Scopaeus limbatus species group, that is distributed in the Oriental Region as well (Frisch 2005). The S. decipiens group can, however, easily be identified according to primary and secondary sexual features.</p><p>Males are clearly distinguished from all other species of Scopaeus by the characteristic shape and setation of the abdominal sternites VII and VIII (Figs 10–25) and the unique aedeagus (Figs 27–53) with a ventral, subapical tooth of the apical lobes followed proximally by a membranous lobe.</p><p>Females are unique within Scopaeus by the clear, lateral, subapical enlargement of laterotergite IX (Fig. 54). They are also distinguished from nearly all Scopaeus by the sclerotized bursa (Figs 58–61), while the bursa is usually membranous in Scopaeus . As far as is currently known, among the Oriental Scopaeus only the S. laevigatus group also has a sclerotized bursa which, in contrast to the narrow, highly sclerotized bursa of the S. decipiens group, is less sclerotized and broader, more or less pocket-shaped (e.g. Frisch 2003: Figs 137–145).</p><p>Distribution: The Scopaeus decipiens species group is an Oriental faunal element, which reaches the southeastern Palaearctic (Fig. 62). Northernmost records are known from northern Vietnam (Ninh Binh), central (Guizhou) and eastern (Jiangsu) China, and central Honshu (Chiba) in Japan. The species group is also recorded from southern China, Taiwan, and South Korea. Further to the south only scattered localities are known in Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Laos, the Malay Peninsula, and southeastern Borneo, but the species group is probably more widespread in South and Southeast Asia.</p><p>Bionomics: Even though I never collected specimens of the Scopaeus decipiens species group myself, I suspect that the associated species are no ecological exception within the genus and inhabit moist, sparsely vegetated, sandy or gravelly soils, preferably on the banks of running waters (cf. Frisch et al. 2002: 28). In fact, label data („under stones near stream“, „lake shore“, etc.) indicate riparian habitats. The species are good flyers, as a large proportion of the studied specimens was captured with light traps.</p><p>1.2. Species of the Scopaeus decipiens group</p><p>1.2.1. Key to the species of the Scopaeus decipiens group</p><p>The following key was created in the interest of a secure identification and does not reflect the phylogenetic relationships of the species included.</p><p>1 Male: Abdominal sternite VIII with medially divided field of black macrosetae long, occupying posterior two-thirds of sternite length (e.g. Fig. 13). Aedeagus with end of apical lobes truncate (e.g. Figs 31), and ventral lobe distally projected and pointed (e.g. Fig. 30). Female: Proximal end of bursa in lateral view subtruncate, in ventral view narrow and parallel (Figs 56, 59)…............................................................................................. .. complex</p><p>- Male: Abdominal sternite VIII with medially divided field of black macrosetae short, occupying only median third of sternite length (Figs 11, 23, 25), or seemingly absent, reduced to few, indistinct setae (Fig. 21). Aedeagus with end of apical lobes each extended into ventrolaterad pointing tooth (e.g. Figs 27, 28, 42, 43, 48, 49), and ventral lobe distally not projected (e.g. Figs 27, 42, 48). Female: Proximal end of bursa dorsally convexly widened (Fig. 58), in ventral view narrow and parallel (Fig. 58) or strongly dilated (Figs 60, 61)............................................................................ 2</p><p>2 Male: Abdominal sternite VIII with field of black macrosetae seemingly absent, reduced to few, indistinct setae (Fig. 21). Female: Bursa with ends curved dorsad with distinct, median angle, in distal half less dilated dorsad, in proximal portion less widened laterally (Fig. 60)........................................................................ saaberae</p><p>- Male: Abdominal sternite VIII with medially divided field of black macrosetae present, occupying median third of sternite length (Figs 11, 23, 25). Female: Bursa in ventral view with narrow or strongly dilated proximal end (Figs 58, 61)........ 3</p><p>3 Male: Apical lobes of aedeagus moderately narrowed and not extended apically (Figs 28, 29), with short ventrolaterad pointing apical teeth (Fig. 27), and truncate subapical teeth (Fig. 27) not projecting from apical lobes laterally (Fig. 28). Female: Proximal end of bursa dorsally convexly widened, but narrow and parallel in ventral view (Fig. 58).............. decipiens</p><p>- Male: Apical lobes of aedeagus strongly narrowed and extended apically, with long ventrolaterad pointing apical teeth (Figs 48–53), and pointed subapical teeth (Figs 49, 52) projecting from apical lobes laterally (Figs 50, 53). Female: Proximal end of bursa narrow, but strongly dilated in ventral view (Fig. 61)............................................... kritschi</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA707837FFD95729FF47F31EE4AF7620	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frisch, Johannes	Frisch, Johannes (2025): The Scopaeus decipiens species group from the East Palaearctic and the Oriental Regions, with redescription of S. velutinus Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae: Lathrobiini). Zootaxa 5693 (2): 179-200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3
BA707837FFDE572AFF47F4C5E5C17632.text	BA707837FFDE572AFF47F4C5E5C17632.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scopaeus decipiens , Kraatz 1859	<div><p>Scopaeus decipiens Kraatz</p><p>(Figs 9–11, 27–29, 58)</p><p>Scopaeus decipiens Kraatz, 1859: 131; synonymized with S. velutinus Motschulsky, 1858 by Fauvel (1904: 53); here revalidated.</p><p>Type specimens: Lectotype ♂, Sri Lanka (SDEI); labelled “ Ceylon ” (printed), “decipiens Krtz. ” (handwritten), “Syntypus” (printed, red label), “Coll. Kraatz ” (printed), “coll. DEI / Eberswalde”, “velutinus Mot. / ( = decipiens Kr.)” (handwritten), “Lectotype / Scopaeus decipiens / Kraatz, 1859 / des. J. Frisch, 2025”; here designated. Paralectotypes (3 ♂, 3 ♀), same labels as lectotype (except for handwritten identification labels), and “ Paralectotype / Scopaeus decipiens / Kraatz, 1859 / des. J. Frisch, 2025”. Two female paralectotypes do not represent S. decipiens but an unidentified species of the S. limbatus species group and are labeled accordingly.</p><p>In the original description of Scopaeus decipiens, Kraatz (1859: 131) neither stated the number of underlying specimens nor did he designate a holotype by original designation (ICZN 1999: Article 73.1.1.). In the Kraatz collection at SDEI (see Horn et al. 1990: 213) there is a series of seven specimens from Sri Lanka, which are labeled as syntypes of S. decipiens . This series is, however, not conspecific. Four males and one female agree with the characters of S. decipiens as described by Kraatz (1859: 131), but two females represent an unidentified species of the S. limbatus species group (see Frisch 2005). In order to stabilize the name S. decipiens Kraatz, 1859 according to ICZN 1999, Article 74.1, I herewith designate as the lectotype a male specimen that matches the original description as regards the characteristic shape of abdominal sternite VII of S. decipiens, and because it is the only one of the syntype series that bears a historical, handwritten identification label “decipiens Krtz. ”. This label does not perfectly match the examples of Kraatz′ handwritten labels in Horn et al. (1990: 482), but the characteristic abbreviation “Krtz” indicates that it is authentic.</p><p>New records: Sri Lanka: Galle: Kanneliya Forest, 13.–16.VIII.1972, 16.I.1975, leg. Krombein &amp; Karunaratne (FMNH, MFNB) ; Kanneliya Forest 11 mls E Udugama, 12.X.1973, leg. Krombein, Karunaratne, Fernando &amp; Ferdinando (FMNH) . North-Central: Polonnaruwa [Polonnaruioa], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=81.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=7.9166665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 81.0/lat 7.9166665)">Lake Parakrama Samudraya</a> (7°55′N, 81°00′E), 13.I.1983, leg. Dagby (NHML) . Sabaragamuwa: 21 mls N Ratnapura: Kitulgala, 17.III.1962, leg. Brinck, Andersson, Cederholm (MZLU) .</p><p>Redescription: Male: Abdominal sternite VII (Fig. 10) with black, lateral combs of posterior emargination occupying about 0.4 of maximum sternite length, slighly, convexly curved laterad at outermost, distal end; corona of black setae surrounding posterior emargination well developed.</p><p>Abdominal sternite VIII (Fig. 11) with medially divided field of black macrosetae short, occupying only median third of sternite length.</p><p>Aedeagus with apical lobes each extended into ventrolaterad pointing tooth (Figs 27, 28); subapical teeth truncate and somewhat bent laterad (Figs 27, 28), in dorsal view not projecting from apical lobes laterally (Figs 28, 29); membranous lobes somewhat projecting; ventroproximal ends of apical lobes convexly emarginate (Fig. 27). Ventral lobe of aedeagus barely protruding ventrally, in lateral view without pointed apical end (Fig. 27), in ventral view with median emargination of distal margin relatively wide with obtuse end (Fig. 28). Length of aedeagus: 0.53–0.56 mm.</p><p>Female: Bursa in lateral view with dorsally widened, round proximal end, in ventral view narrow and parallel (Fig. 58).</p><p>Distribution: Scopaeus decipiens is known from Sri Lanka only (Fig. 62).</p><p>Remarks: Scopaeus decipiens had erroneously been synonymized with S. velutinus Motschulsky, 1858 by Fauvel (1904: 53). Subsequent use of the name S. decipiens as a valid species is found in a species list in Blackwelder (1939: 105) and in Bernhauer (1922b: 149), who erroneously recorded the species from Cambodia, where S. decipiens is replaced by the closely related S. kritschi spec. nov, which is described below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA707837FFDE572AFF47F4C5E5C17632	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frisch, Johannes	Frisch, Johannes (2025): The Scopaeus decipiens species group from the East Palaearctic and the Oriental Regions, with redescription of S. velutinus Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae: Lathrobiini). Zootaxa 5693 (2): 179-200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3
BA707837FFD05726FF47F48DE3267311.text	BA707837FFD05726FF47F48DE3267311.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scopaeus complex Sharp 1874	<div><p>Scopaeus complex Sharp</p><p>(Figs 12–19, 30–41, 56, 59)</p><p>Scopaeus complex Sharp, 1874: 61, 62.</p><p>Scopaeus (subgen. Scopaeus) complex; Smetana (2004: 616).</p><p>Type specimens examined: Lectotype ♂, Japan, leg. Lewis (NHML); labelled “Type” (printed, red edged, round label), “Japan. / G Lewis.” (printed), “ Scopaeus / complex / type D.S.” (handwritten), “Sharp Coll. / 1905-313.” (printed), “ NHMUK015009822 ” (printed QR-code label), “Lectotype / Scopaeus complex / Sharp, 1874 / des. J. Frisch, 2025”; here designated . Paralectotype ♂, same labels (scanned copies) as lectotype, but “Paralectotype / Scopaeus complex / Sharp, 1874 / des. J. Frisch, 2025” .</p><p>Sharp (1874: 61, 62) did not communicate the number of specimens from which he described Scopaeus complex . Thus, to stabilize the name S. complex Sharp, 1874 according to ICZN 1999, Article 74.1, two male syntypes from the NHML collection, where Sharp′s collection of Staphylinidae including most types is stored (Smetana &amp; Herman 2001: 143, Horn et al. 1990: 363), are here designated as lectotype and paralectotype. Their syntype status is evidenced by the locality label according to which they were collected in Japan by Lewis as stated by Sharp (1874: 1), and by the handwritten identification label, which is signed with Sharp′s initials “D. S.”, bears the remark “type”, and corresponds quite well with the example of Sharp′s handwriting in Horn et al. (1990: 513). They also bear the subsequent, round type-label of the NHML Coleoptera collection. Furthermore, their characters clearly match Sharp′s description. For instance, Sharp (1974: 62) described the distinctive sternite VII of these male syntypes very precisely. Both specimens were originally mounted on the same card, but I mounted them on separate cards to avoid confusion, and labeled them with lectotype and paralectotype labels. The specimen I selected as the lectotype is given the original labels, while I attached scanned copies of all original labels to the paralectotype. Vladimir Gusarov, Oslo, had already attached lectotype and paralectotype labels in 1993, but they are invalid as he never published a lectotype designation.</p><p>Two females from the Sharp collection at NHML which were collected by Lewis in Japan and identified by Sharp as “? S. complex var.” are not syntypes, because Sharp (1874: 61, 62) did not mention a variation, and one of these specimens was collected in 1881 after the original description of 1874.</p><p>New records: China: Guangdong: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=113.75&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.034445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 113.75/lat 25.034445)">Danxia Shan NP</a> (25°02′4′′N, 113°45′0′′E), 100 m, 23.IV.2013, leg. Hájek &amp; Růžička (NMPC) . Guizhou: Guilin, Yoashan, 24.–25.IX.1980, leg. Hammond (NHML) . Hongkong: Ping Shan Chai, 8.–21.V.2016, leg. Barthelemy (PACH) ; Tai Po Kau, 10.VIII.1983, leg. Dudgeon (NHMW) ; Wang Tong ( Lantau Island), 1.–8.VI.2016, leg. Aston (PACH) . Jiangsu: Suzhou, Dongshanzhen, 24.VI.1998, leg. Li (SNUS) . Zhejiang: Anji, Longwangshan NR, 250 m, 26.IV.2006, leg. Yuanxin (SNUS) ; Lin′an, West Tianmu Mts, 11.VIII.2004, leg. Chen &amp; Zhu, 15.–28.VIII.2003, leg. Hu &amp; Tang (SNUS); Ningbo, Tiantong, 9.VII.1998, leg. Li (SNUS) ; Yuyao ( Siming Mts), 31.VII.2004, leg. Zhujingwen (SNUS) . Japan: Chiba: Yotsukaidô-Shi, Nariyama, 18.III.1996, leg. Maruyama (MFNB, YSCT) . Kanagawa: leg. Sauter (NHMW); Yokosuka, 27.IX.1987, leg. Tao (YSCT) ; Yokohama, leg. Lewis (NHML) ; Hiratsuka, Tsuchiya, 1.IV.1990, leg. Watanabe (TWCF) . Kyôto: 4.VII.1881, leg. Lewis (NHML); 7.–20.VIII.1980, leg. Besuchet (MHNG, MFNB) . Fukuoka: Nishi-Ku ( Nokonoshima Island), 16.VI.1998, leg. Fujimoto (YSCT) ; Amagi-Shi, Tenjinmori, XI.1992, leg. Nomura (YSCT) . Okayama: leg. Sauter (NHMW) . Saga: Imari, 26.VII.1977, 30.X.1979, leg. Ohishi (MFNB, YSCT) ; Mt Mifune ( Mt Mifuneyama ?), 15.III.1980, leg. Nomura (YSCT) . Shimane: Dougo ( Oki Island), 10.XI.2004, leg. Watanabe (TWCF) . Tochigi: Fujioka, Watarase-yusuichi, 25.IX.2002, leg. Watanabe (TWCF) . South Korea: Jeju-do: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheoneup, Seonheul-ri, SJ Park, 22.V.2006, leg. Kim (CNUIC, MFNB) . Taiwan: Akau (HNHM) . Kaohsiung: Liuqui [Liukuei], 4.VIII.1978, leg. Niizato (NHMC, MFNB) . Vietnam: Hà Nam: Ph ꞿ Lý, Tuong Linh, 24.–28.V.1966, leg. Topál (HNHM, MFNB) . Ninh Binh: Cuc Phuong, 3.–10.V.1966, leg. Topál (HNHM, MHNG) .</p><p>Redescription: Male: Abdominal sternite VII (Figs 12, 14, 16, 18) with black, lateral combs of posterior emargination relatively short, occupying about 0.3 of maximum sternite length, slightly, convexly curved laterad at distal end; corona of black setae surrounding posterior emargination well developed.</p><p>Abdominal sternite VIII (Figs 13, 15, 17, 19) with medially divided field of black macrosetae long, occupying posterior two-thirds of sternite length.</p><p>Aedeagus with truncate end of apical lobes, without apical tooth, in lateral view with subacute end (Figs 30, 33, 36, 39), in ventral and dorsal view with comparatively broad, truncate apices and subacute apicolateral angles (Figs 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38, 40, 41); subapical teeth pointing proximad, not or barely bent laterad (Figs 31, 34, 37, 40); membranous lobes more or less projecting ventrally (Figs 30, 33, 36, 39); ventroproximal ends of apical lobes shortly, feebly convex and ending in obtuse angle (Figs 30, 33, 36, 39). Ventral lobe clearly protruding ventrally, in lateral view ending in short, narrow, obtuse tip ((Figs 30, 33, 36, 39), in ventral view in middle gradually somewhat extended distad and with narrow, median incision (Figs 31, 34, 37, 40). Length of aedeagus: 0.6–0.63 mm.</p><p>Female: Bursa in lateral view with dorsally widened, subtruncate proximal end, in ventral view narrow and parallel with slightly dilated distal end (Fig. 59).</p><p>Distribution: Scopaeus complex is distributed in the very east of the Palaearctic and the adjacant northeastern Oriental region (Fig. 62) and recorded from central (Honshu) and southern (Kyūshū) Japan across South Korea, southwestern China, and Taiwan as far south as the north of Vietnam. Interestingly, no Japanese localities of S. complex seem to have been published to date. Sharp (1874: 61, 62) did not mention the type locality in Japan. Catalogs of the Staphylinidae of Japan (Adachi 1957: 14; Shibata 1977: 58; Shibata et al. 2013: 159) also contain no distribution data. Bernhauer′s (1922a: 230) record of S. velutinus for Taiwan (Anping), which was cited by Shibata (1973: 52), Smetana (2004: 619), and Schülke &amp; Smetana (2015: 997), refers to S. complex (see remarks under S. velutinus below), because Bernhauer, following Fauvel′s (1904: 53) synonymization, identified the species of the S. decipiens group as S. velutinus . Scopaeus complex was only recently published for South Korea (Jeon &amp; Ahn 2025: 327; cf. Ahn et al. 2017: 322). The species is here for the first time recorded for Mainland China (cf. Li et al. 2019: 388) and Vietnam.</p><p>Remark: Scopaeus complex is also redescribed by Jeon &amp; Ahn (2025: 327) in the framework of a recent contribution on Korean Scopaeus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA707837FFD05726FF47F48DE3267311	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frisch, Johannes	Frisch, Johannes (2025): The Scopaeus decipiens species group from the East Palaearctic and the Oriental Regions, with redescription of S. velutinus Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae: Lathrobiini). Zootaxa 5693 (2): 179-200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3
BA707837FFD25720FF47F6B2E2F576F6.text	BA707837FFD25720FF47F6B2E2F576F6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scopaeus saaberae Frisch 2025	<div><p>Scopaeus saaberae, spec. nov.</p><p>(Figs 20, 21, 42–47, 60)</p><p>Type specimens: Holotype ♂, Malaysia, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Sungei Buloh, 20.IX.1972, leg. Jaccoud (MHNG) . Paratypes (28 specimens), Indonesia: 1 ♂, Kalimantan Selatan, Pagatan [labeled: Pagate, Borneo], leg. Grabowsky (MFNB) ; 1 ♀, Kalimantan Selatan, Bunga Djannar (NHMW) ; 1 ♂, Kalimantan Tengah, Telang Baru [labeled: Telang, Borneo], XI.1881, leg. Grabowsky (ISNB) ; 1 ♂, 3 ♀, Kalimantan Tengah, Telang Baru [labeled: Telang, Borneo], XI.1881, leg. Grabowsky (NHMW) ; 1 ♂, Kalimantan Tengah, Telang Baru [labeled: Telang, Borneo], XI.1881, leg. Grabowsky (MFNB) ; 1 ♂, Kalimantan Tengah, Telang Baru [labeled: India or., Telang] (MFNB) ; 1 ♂, 16 ♀, Kalimantan Tengah, Telang Baru [labeled: Telang] (NHMW) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Kalimantan Tengah, Tameang Lajang (NHMW) .</p><p>I have chosen the single specimen from Sungei Buloh, a district of Kuala Lumpur, as holotype, because it is the only specimen of Scopaeus saaberae that was collected in recent times and provides unambiguous information about the locality. In contrast, the many specimens from Borneo collected in the early 1880s come from unclear localities. Most of these specimens were collected by Wilhelm Grabowsky, a German natural scientist and collector, in “Telang” in November 1881. Blasius (1883) described Grabowsky′s expedition route through south-eastern Borneo in detail in an article on the birds of Borneo. According to this, Grabowsky collected in November 1881 at a place then named Kampong Telang on the Barito River in the district of Duson Timor (Blasius 1883: 18). I assume that this place is identical with today′s Telang Baru in Barito Timur, Kalimantan Tengah. Today′s names of the Bornean localities Tameang Lajang and Bunga Djannar of S. saaberae I could not identify.</p><p>Description: Male: Abdominal sternite VII (Fig. 20) with black, lateral combs of posterior emargination relatively short, occupying only about 0.3 of maximum sternite length, and straight at distal end; corona of black setae surrounding posterior emargination weakly developed, barely perceptible and reduced to few, thin, scattered setae.</p><p>Abdominal sternite VIII (Fig. 21) with medially divided field of black macrosetae also barely perceptible, reduced to few, thin setae in about middle of sternite length.</p><p>Aedeagus with apical lobes in apical portion narrow, somewhat lengthened distad, each ending in strong, ventrolaterad curved apical tooth (Figs 42, 43, 45, 46); subapical teeth acute, pointing lateroproximad, not projecting from ventral margin of apical lobes (Figs 42, 45), but slightly projecting laterally (Figs 43, 46); membranous lobes projecting ventrally (Figs 42, 45); ventroproximal ends of apical lobes in lateral view elongated to triangular, subacute angles (Figs 42, 45), in ventral view running close to each other and pointing medioproximad (Fig. 46). Ventral lobe barely protruding ventrally, in lateral view without pointed apical end (Figs 42, 45), in ventral view in lateral sixths of width deeply, convexly emarginate, in median two-thirds of width dilated laterodistally with obtusely right-angled laterodistal angles and between them concave with short, median emargination (Fig. 46). Length of aedeagus: 0.56–0.57 mm.</p><p>Female: Bursa with ends curved dorsad with distinct, median angle; bursa in nearly distal half gradually dilated dorsad towards truncate end, in proximal portion narrow and subparallel in lateral view, but strongly, convexly widened laterally, thus clavate in ventral view (Fig. 60).</p><p>Distribution: Scopaeus saaberae was collected in the Malay Peninsula (Kuala Lumpur) and in the southeast of Borneo, but is certainly more widely distributed in the Greater Sunda Islands (Fig. 62).</p><p>Etymology: With choosing the epithet saaberae (Latinized noun, derived from the surname Saaber, genitive, singular) I warmly dedicate this new species to Friederike Saaber, Fulda.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA707837FFD25720FF47F6B2E2F576F6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frisch, Johannes	Frisch, Johannes (2025): The Scopaeus decipiens species group from the East Palaearctic and the Oriental Regions, with redescription of S. velutinus Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae: Lathrobiini). Zootaxa 5693 (2): 179-200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3
BA707837FFD55723FF47F48DE36873F5.text	BA707837FFD55723FF47F48DE36873F5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scopaeus kritschi Frisch 2025	<div><p>Scopaeus kritschi, spec. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1–8, 22–25, 48–53, 54, 55, 57, 61)</p><p>Type specimens: Holotype ♂, Cambodia, Siem Reap, Preah-Khan Temple, 21.V.2003, leg. Constant &amp; Smets (MFNB) . Paratypes (73 specimens): 27 ♂, 39 ♀, same data as holotype (ISNB, MFNB); 1 ♂, Siem Reap, town area (13°21′18′′N, 103°51′19′′E), 4.I.1998 (MFNB); 1 ♂, Pnom Penh, leg. Friederichs (SDEI) . 1 ♂, 4 ♀, Laos, Khammuan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=105.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.566668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 105.166664/lat 17.566668)">Nakai</a> (17°34′N, 105°10′E), 500 m, 14.–18.V.2017, leg. Hergovits (MZMB) .</p><p>Description: Male: Abdominal sternite VII (Figs 22, 24) with black, lateral combs of posterior emargination occupying almost 0.4 of maximum sternite length and straight at distal end; corona of black setae surrounding posterior emargination well developed.</p><p>Abdominal sternite VIII (Figs 23, 25) with medially divided field of black macrosetae short, occupying only median third of sternite length.</p><p>Aedeagus with apical lobes in apical portion narrow,strongly lengthened distad, each ending in long, ventrolaterad curved apical tooth (Figs 48, 49, 51, 52); subapical teeth acute, pointing lateroproximad, not projecting from ventral margin of apical lobes (Figs 48, 51), but strongly projecting laterally (Figs 49, 52); membranous lobes both projecting ventrally and laterally (Figs 48, 49, 51, 52); ventroproximal ends of apical lobes elongated to triangular, subacute angles (Figs 48, 51), in ventral view running close to each other and pointing medioproximad (Figs 49, 52). Ventral lobe barely protruding ventrally, in lateral view without pointed apical end (Figs 48, 51), in ventral view in lateral sixths of width deeply, convexly emarginate, in median two-thirds of width dilated laterodistally with obtusely right-angled laterodistal angles and between them concave with short, median emargination (Figs 49, 52). Length of aedeagus: 0.59–0.6 mm.</p><p>Female: Bursa with ends curved dorsad with even, concave curve; bursa in distal half strongly, gradually dilated dorsad towards subtruncate, convex end, in proximal portion narrow and subparallel in lateral view, but strongly, convexly widened laterally, thus clavate in ventral view (Fig. 61).</p><p>Distribution: Scopaeus kritschi is known only from northern Cambodia (Siem Reap) and central Laos (Fig. 62), but expected to be distributed in Thailand and southern Vietnam as well.</p><p>Etymology: I dedicate this new species to Daniel Kritsch, Fulda (epithet kritschi: Latinized noun, derived from the surname Kritsch, genitive, singular).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA707837FFD55723FF47F48DE36873F5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frisch, Johannes	Frisch, Johannes (2025): The Scopaeus decipiens species group from the East Palaearctic and the Oriental Regions, with redescription of S. velutinus Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae: Lathrobiini). Zootaxa 5693 (2): 179-200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3
BA707837FFC8573FFF47F7ECE07A74B1.text	BA707837FFC8573FFF47F7ECE07A74B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scopaeus velutinus Motschulsky 1858	<div><p>2. Scopaeus velutinus Motschulsky</p><p>(Figs 26, 63–70)</p><p>Scopaeus velutinus Motschulsky, 1858: 642, 643.</p><p>Scopaeus (s.str.) velutinus; Coiffait (1984: 183).</p><p>Type specimens examined: Lectotype ♂, “ Indes Orientales ”; labeled “ Zan or ” (?, handwritten), “ Scopaeus / velutinus / Motch / Ind. or.” (handwritten, yellow label); “Lectotype / Scopaeus velutinus / Motschulsky, 1858 / des. J. Frisch, 2025”; here designated.</p><p>A lectotype designation is necessary to stabilize the name Scopaeus velutinus Motschulsky, 1858 according to ICZN 1999, Article 74.1, because Motschulsky (1858: 642, 643) did not state the number of specimens on the basis of which he described S. velutinus . The possible number of syntypes is also unclear, as doublets from Motschulsky′s collection, which is stored at MZMC, were spread over different museum′s collections such as MFNB, SDEI, Riga, and St. Petersburg (Horn et al. 1990: 270). I hereby designate as the lectotype of S. velutinus a historical specimen from the Motschulsky collection at MZMC that is labeled “ Scopaeus velutinus Motch. Ind. or.”. Though this label does not clearly match the examples of Motschulsky′s handwritten labels in Horn et al. (1990: 497, 507) and could be a collection label added later, I consider this specimen a syntype as it is from the Motschulsky collection, as I could not locate other possible syntypes, and as it′s characters do not contradict the brief, insufficient original description of S. velutinus [“About the same size and shape as S. pumilus Heer, but with broader pronotum and elytra and an opaque, velvety hue over the entire body surface. Color brownish, with parts of the mouth, anterior part of pronotum, base and tip of elytra, edges of abdominal segments, legs, tarsi, palps, and last segment of antennae rust brown” (Motschulsky 1858: 642, 643)].</p><p>Redescription: Macrophthalmous, macropterous species with palisade fringe of abdominal tergite VIII (Fig. 63).</p><p>Body coloration multicolored, relatively rich in contrast; head except for reddish medium brown clypeus and antennal humps, pronotum except for reddish medium brown anterior and posterior margins, and a wide, transverse band in about posterior half of light, reddish medium brown elytra black brown; elytral band of each elytron directed obliquely posteriorly to suture, almost reaching posterior elytral margin; abdomen dark medium brown with posterior half of segment VIII gradually and genital segments light brown; antennae, mouthparts, and legs medium brown; femora moderately darker than tibiae.</p><p>Exoskeleton coarsely microsculptured, without clear microreticulation; head matt with dense, compressed, almost rugulose punctation with narrow, more or less carinate puncture interstices (Fig. 64); pronotum subnitid with punctation moderately finer than cephalic and elytral punctation, and with puncture interstices usually smaller than puncture diameters, but not carinate (Fig. 65); punctation of subnitid elytra umbilicate with puncture interstices usually smaller than puncture diameters (Fig. 66); abdomen with dense, setiferous, posteriad extended, irregular granules (Fig. 67).</p><p>Head 1.03 times as long as wide, widest across eyes, with parallel tempora and moderately concave posterior margin; eyes about 0.6 times as long as tempora; pronotum 1.06 times as long as wide and as wide as head, widest across unusually strongly pronounced anterior angles; elytral sutural length as long as pronotal length; labral denticulation not visible due to sticking dirt; penultimate antennal segments quadrate; mesotibia slender, 5.6 times as long as wide.</p><p>Stridulum and metakatepisternal processes of single type specimen not examined.</p><p>Total body length 3.3 mm, forebody length 1.66 mm.</p><p>Male: Protarsomeres 1–4 dilated, about three times as wide as long.</p><p>Abdominal sternite VII without diagnostic characters.</p><p>Abdominal sternite VIII with posterior margin shortly, triangularly emarginate in about 0.15 of sternite length.</p><p>Aedeagus (Figs 68–70) with stout phallobase; apical lobes occupying about apical third of aedeagal length. Apical lobes dorsally angular projecting from phallobase, then straight, but evenly curved ventrad toward narrow apical end; apical lobes ventrally strongly, convexly enlarged in proximal half, subapically almost semicircularly emarginate towards narrow end (Fig. 68); in dorsal and ventral view, apical lobes moderately convex in proximal third, after that moderately concave, then strongly widened to subtriangular, lateral extensions, and gradually tapered toward subacute apical ends (Figs 69, 70); in ventral view, ventral margins of apical lobes at about midlength close to each other, but proximally opening to form longitudinally aligned oval (Fig. 69). Dorsal lobe in lateral view subtriangular with moderately convex dorsal and ventral margins and round apical end, somewhat directed dorsad (Fig. 68), in dorsal view with broad, semicircular apical end seemingly divided by longitudinal suture (Fig. 70). Flagellum shorter than dorsal lobe (Fig. 69), not projecting from apical lobes ventrally (Fig. 68). Ventral lobe absent (Fig. 68). Lateral lobes shortly convex, not much projecting laterally, asetose (Figs 69, 70). Phallobase small, not much enlarged proximally, thus median foramen situated close to proximal end of aedeagus (Fig. 69). Postforamen and circoforamen weakly sclerotized (Fig. 69). Length of aedeagus 0.41 mm.</p><p>Female unknown.</p><p>Distribution: Neither type locality nor distribution of Scopaeus velutinus are known. Motschulsky (1858: 643) published the insufficient provenance East India, a term that was used at that time for entire South-East Asia. Scopaeus velutinus belongs to a clearly defined, as yet undescribed group of species, of which I have seven species from Bhutan, Laos, Nepal, and Thailand. One of these species from Chanthaburi, Thailand, strongly resembles the lectotype of S. velutinus . It has a slightly different aedeagus, but could nevertheless be conspecific.</p><p>Taxonomic history: Literature records of Scopaeus velutinus without exception refer to other species that are, however, impossible to identify without examination of the reference specimens and thus have to be rejected. In a publication on the Staphylinidae of northern India and Myanmar, Fauvel (1905: 53) erroneously placed S. decipiens in synonymy of the clearly different S. velutinus without justifying his decision. This synonymy was adopted by e.g. Bernhauer &amp; Schubert (1912: 252), Cameron (1931: 178), Coiffait (1984: 183), and Schülke &amp; Smetana (2015: 997). Since Kraatz (1859: 131) had described the characteristic diagnostic features of the abdominal sternites VII and VIII of S. decipiens, some subsequent authors published records of the four species of the S. decipiens group treated herein, two of which had not yet been described at that time, under the name S. decipiens . For this reason, one might think that records of S. velutinus could be assigned to the members of the S. decipiens group according to the allopatric distribution of these species. However, S. velutinus had also been confused with the speciose S. limbatus species group (see Frisch 2005: 77), the members of which strongly resemble the S. decipiens group in external morphology and are distributed throughout the Oriental Region as well. For example, Coiffait (1984: 183) misinterpreted S. limbatus Kraatz, 1859 as S. velutinus as clearly proven by the illustration of the aedeagus (Coiffait 1984: 157). Indeed, old identification labels prove that records under the name S. velutinus are usually based on members of both the S. decipiens and S. limbatus species groups, which is why some authors, e.g. Hammond (1984: 204), reported S. velutinus as widespread in the Oriental Region. The record of S. velutinus from the Seychelles (Bernhauer 1922b: 175; Scott 1922: 192) probably goes back to S. janaki Frisch, 2005, a representative of the S. limbatus group.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA707837FFC8573FFF47F7ECE07A74B1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Frisch, Johannes	Frisch, Johannes (2025): The Scopaeus decipiens species group from the East Palaearctic and the Oriental Regions, with redescription of S. velutinus Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae: Lathrobiini). Zootaxa 5693 (2): 179-200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5693.2.3
