identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
BF18F064FF8E7629FF1DA7D01D88FD34.text	BF18F064FF8E7629FF1DA7D01D88FD34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hyleina	<div><p>Hyleina new genus</p><p>Type species: Hyleina kaphetea new sp., designated here.</p><p>Etymology. Ancient Greek: Hyle (= forest, shrubbery), gender is feminine.</p><p>Description. Head: small; eyes large, nearly same width as frons; haustellum very short, weakly sclerotized and in all probability non-functional; labial palpi rather long, regularly bent upwards, third palpomere straight, tip reaching base of antenna, first and third palpomeres equal in length, second palpomere somewhat longer with smooth scaling, first and second palpomeres ventrally long tufted, tufts distally tapering; frons smooth; antennae about half as long as forewing, clavate, serrate, ciliate, serration and ciliae distally tapering.</p><p>Thorax: legs long and narrow, hind legs longer than abdomen; predominantly smoothly scaled, except for foreleg, which has tufted scales on femur ventrally and tibia laterally as well as mid- and hind leg which have raised scales on tibia dorsally and distally. Wings narrow; discal cell of forewing with narrow, longitudinal scale line indicating position of median vein; wing venation (Fig. 9): forewing with radial veins arising near cell apex, long common stalk of R4 and R5, origin of M1 and M2 approximated; hind wing with M2 arising from costal third of cross vein, short stalk of M3 and CuA1, reduced anal veins.</p><p>Abdomen: slender; basal segments slightly wasp-waisted, narrowest at segment two; anal tuft absent. Sternite 8 posteriorly with wide u-shaped emargination (Fig. 8 c).</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 7–8): tegumen and uncus very slender, membranous joined together; uncus bilobed; gnathos bipartite. Valva short and broad, without crista sacculi; inner surface except for sub-ventral part barely covered with short, hair-like setae; apically with area of strongly sclerotized, thorn-like setae; dorsally with high specialized, long, distally extremely broad, multifurcate setae. Saccus present. Juxta very shortly protruded; manica except for ventral part densely covered with sclerotized teeth. Phallus short; coecum penis present; vesica slightly enlarged proximally.</p><p>Diagnosis. Within Sesiini Hyleina can be defined by the unique combination of the following characters:</p><p>(1) antennae rather short (distinctly longer in most Sesiini genera);</p><p>(2) basal part of abdomen wasp-waisted (absent in most Sesiini);</p><p>(3) discal cell of forewing with distinct longitudinal scale line indicating position of median vein (lacking or short and distally in most Sesiini);</p><p>(4) venation of forewing with approximated origin of radial veins including the long common stalk of R4 and R5 as well as approximated origin of M1 and M2; hind wing with short stalk of M3 and CuA1, and reduced anal veins (Fig. 9);</p><p>(5) male genitalia with tegumen-uncus-complex long and slender with unique, extremely long, bipartite gnathos (tegumen-uncus-complex usually broader and more compact, gnathos shorter and more compact, often asymmetric, rarely bipartite in other Sesiini genera);</p><p>(6) uncus ventro-laterally without strong sclerotized setae (present in most Sesiini);</p><p>(7) valva pentagonal, inner surface dorsally with extremely broad, multifurcate setae (valva straight in most other Sesiini genera; medially angled in Sesia Clerck, 1759, setae of the valva simple or thorn-like in most Sesiini).</p><p>There may be a likelihood of confusion of Hyleina with Sphecosesia Hampson, 1910 from the Oriental region and one species of Cyanosesia Gorbunov &amp; Arita 1995 from the Australian region (see below). These three taxa have similar, extremely modified, multifurcate setae of the valva, which may be regarded as a synapomorphic character to show their relationship. This hypothesis needs further studies to be proved. Further common characters of Sphecosesia and Hyleina are the short, ciliate antennae and the wasp-like waist of the abdomen. However, Hyleina can be distinguished from Sphecosesia by the usually larger size, the reduced haustellum (developed in Sphecosesia) and the approximated origin of some forewing veins (more regular in Sphecosesia), in the male genitalia by the very different shapes of uncus (much larger and broader, laterally with multifurcate setae in Sphecosesia), gnathos (short and simple in Sphecosesia), and valva (longer and narrower, trapezoid with almost straight ventral margin in Sphecosesia) (see Kallies &amp; Arita 2004).</p><p>Cyanosesia leleji Gorbunov &amp; Arita, 2016 from Sulawesi shows some striking similarities with Hyleina: the long and bipartite gnathos and the shape of the phallus, which lacks sclerotized processes. Hyleina can be distinguished from this species by the reduced haustellum (well developed in C. leleji), the shape of the antenna (longer and narrower, not serrate in C. leleji), the wasp-like waist of the abdomen (absent in C. leleji), the absent anal tuft (present in C. leleji); in the male genitalia by the smaller uncus, the symmetric gnathos (asymmetric in C. leleji), and the very different shape of the valva with absent crista sacculi (longer and narrower, crista sacculi well developed in C. leleji).</p><p>The authors of C. leleji point out that this species differs from all congeners in several details (coloration of legs and abdomen, forewings, multifurcate scale-like not simple bristle-like setae of the valva in male, long and narrow signum of corpus bursae in female) and may represent a separate group within the genus (Gorbunov &amp; Arita 1995). It differs further, as well as most other Sesiini species, from typical species of Cyanosesia by the distinctly longer forewing discal cell, with almost vertical cross-vein, located in the distal half of the wing (crossvein conspicuously oblique, in the middle of the wing in typical Cyanosesia) and the normally proportioned hindwings (rather broad, apically shortened in typical Cyanosesia); in the male genitalia by the somewhat triangular shape of the valva (elongated, pentagonal to trapezoid in typical Cyanosesia), and the phallus with thorns or strong spines at tip of exo-phallus as well as at vesica (both without thorns or spines in typical Cyanosesia). On the basis of these characters the generic assignment of C. leleji appears questionable. The species may well be misplaced and represent a separate group within the Sesiini (see Gorbunov &amp; Arita 1995, 2016, Kallies &amp; Arita 2004).</p><p>Distribution. Southern parts of tropical Africa.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF18F064FF8E7629FF1DA7D01D88FD34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bartsch, Daniel	Bartsch, Daniel (2017): Hyleina kaphetea, a new genus and species of clearwing moths from tropical Africa (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae: Sesiini). Zootaxa 4286 (3): 425-430, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.3.9
BF18F064FF8D7628FF1DA4581B31FE9C.text	BF18F064FF8D7628FF1DA4581B31FE9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hyleina kaphetea	<div><p>Hyleina kaphetea new species</p><p>(Figs 1–3, 6, 7)</p><p>Holotype ♂ (Fig. 1): Zambia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.167221&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.2497225" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.167221/lat -14.2497225)">East Province</a>, Nyangombe, Savanna Biome, 14°14'59''S, 31°10'02''E, 1013m, 28.Dec.2010, A.J. Gardiner leg. (SAMC).</p><p>Paratypes: 1♂, Zambia, Northwest Province, vic. Ikelenge, Hillwood Farm, 01.Jan.2011, A.J. Gardiner leg. (CJB, later in SAMC) (Fig. 2) ; 1♂, same data as holotype ( Bartsch gen. prep. 2016–51) (SMNS) ; 1♂, Zambia, Northwest Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.191387&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-11.126111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.191387/lat -11.126111)">Zambezi Rapids</a>, 11°07'34''S 24°11'29''E, 1213 m, 01.Jan.2011, A.J. Gardiner leg. (Fig. 3) (SMNS) ; 3♂, Malawi, Lilongwe District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=33.65&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 33.65/lat -13.45)">Dzalanyama Forest</a>, 13°27'S, 33°39'E, 18.-21.Feb.2004, 1300 m (Fig. 4) (Bartsch gen. prep. 2017–08) (CDK) ; 1♂, Elisabethville [Congo, Katanga, Lubumbashi], Janvier 1937, Ch. Seydel (Fig. 5) (Bartsch gen. prep. 2006–02, Fig. 8) (ZSM) ; 1♂, Zambia, Western Province, street M 10 between <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.871666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-16.95" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.871666/lat -16.95)">Katima Mulilou</a> and Mongu Silumba, 990 m, 21.Dec.2012, at light 19–20 h, 16°57.0'S, 23°52.3'E (CJF) ; 2♂, Mukuyu, Kigoma T. T. [Tanzania, Kigoma Territory, Mukuyu Hills east of Kabogo], Dec.1963, Japanese Primate Expedition (Bartsch gen. prep. 2008–15, Fig. 7) ; 1♂, same locality, Oct.1962 (Fig. 6) (Bartsch gen. prep. 2016–50) (NMKN) .</p><p>Etymology. The name of this species derived from the ancient Greek word: kaphetēs = brownish.</p><p>Description. Head: Labial palpi pale grey with bright pearly gloss, tufted scales darker grey with light bluish gloss; frons smooth, pale grey with pearly gloss; scales of vertex short, slightly rough, pale grey; pericephalic scales pale grey, laterally white; antennae brown, distally blackish-grey, scape pale whitish-grey.</p><p>Thorax: pale brown-grey with pearly, ventrally more intensive bright purple gloss. Legs pale grey; fore leg with bright purple; mid and hind leg with whitish-pearly gloss; mid and hind femur dark grey, ventral edge whitish; spurs whitish. Wings with well developed transparent areas; veins, margins, discal spots and fringes as well as apical area of forewing brownish-grey; the latter consisting of longitudinal, wedge-shaped, basad pointing spots in venous interspaces; hindwing distally with similar but much smaller spots in venous interspaces.</p><p>Abdomen: pale brown-grey, tergites 1 and 2 somewhat darker, more brownish; anterior and posterior margin of tergite 1, as well as posterior margin of tergite 2 narrow black; anterior margin of tergite 2 indistinctly white.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 7–8): tegumen slightly bend ventrally; uncus about half as long as tegumen, lobes scarcely covered with hair-like setae; gnathos long, minutely bend distally. Valva with dorsal margin rather short and straight, distal margin long and straight, ventral margin long and arcuate, thus appearing pentagonal; apical area of thorn-like setae round-oval; area of multifurcate setae extend over dorsal half. Saccus narrow, relatively short. Phallus (Figs 7 b, 8b) straight, about as long as valva; coecum penis bilobed, lobes latero-distally with a small appendage; vesica covered with numerous fine spines.</p><p>Variation. The species varies considerably in size with wingspan 21–30 mm, forewing length 9.5–14.0 mm, antenna 4.0–7.0 mm, body 9–17 mm, but only minutely in coloration as well as in extension of the transparent areas. One specimen from Zambia, Northwest Province, vic. Ikelenge and one from Malawi, Dzalanyama Forest has the whitish markings of the first abdominal segments more prominent and sternite 2 completely white (Fig. 2). The smallest specimen from Malawi, Dzalanyama Forest has apical area of forewings and distal margin of hindwings somewhat broader. Individual differences in shape of valva and number and arrangement of its setae may represent intra-specific variation, e.g. the specimen from Elisabethville has the apical area of thorn-like setae of the valva smaller and the tooth-like protrusion of its dorsal margin less distinct (Fig. 8).</p><p>Distribution. The Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF18F064FF8D7628FF1DA4581B31FE9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bartsch, Daniel	Bartsch, Daniel (2017): Hyleina kaphetea, a new genus and species of clearwing moths from tropical Africa (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae: Sesiini). Zootaxa 4286 (3): 425-430, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.3.9
