taxonID	type	description	language	source
BE0092663907FFC3463E87C80957FDE3.taxon	description	(Fig. 2)	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663907FFC3463E87C80957FDE3.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. — East of Havana, Cuba, 23 ° 12 ’ 30 ’’ N, 82 ° 12 ’ W, 420 - 548 m.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663907FFC3463E87C80957FDE3.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Caribbean Sea and Western Atlantic, 1 - 27 ° N, 300 - 600 m.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663907FFC3463E87C80957FDE3.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 5 ♀♀ (CL 25 - 52 mm), 13 šš (CL 23 - 85 mm) (including paratypes). SPECIMENS FIGURED. — RV Miss Virginia, 329 - 366 m, 21. III. 1962, 1 ♀ CL 26 mm (USNM- 231310). — 26 ° 45 ’ N, 84 ° 55 ’ W, 466 - 732 m, XII. 1983, 1 ♀ CL 45.8 mm (USNM- 213542). — Amazon River Mouth, 411 m, XI. 1957, 1 ♀ CL 79.6 mm (USNM- 231312).	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663907FFC3463E87C80957FDE3.taxon	discussion	REMARKS In the original description of the 53.2 mm female holotype of Paralomis cubensis, Chace (1939) notes “ the dorsal carapace crowded with tubercles of different sizes, low and rounded on most surfaces, becoming more acute towards the margins ”. This description matches the figured specimen (Fig. 2 D, E) in the CL 30 - 50 mm size class. Substantial ontogenetic change is seen in P. cubensis, with later growth stages bearing progressively flattened tubercles (Fig. 2 G). Specimens smaller than CL 30 mm bore pedunculate tubercles or spines with a bulbous swelling at the apex (Fig. 2 B, C). Setae are not found on the apices of these tubercles at any growth stage, instead tubercles are covered evenly in short setae. Macpherson (1988 a) reports corroborating features in a CL 28 mm specimen, “ granules very acute, forming small spines ” but does not include a figure.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663901FFC34593868B091CF908.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. — Syntypes taken from Guinea Bissau and the Ivory Coast 251 - 900 m.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663901FFC34593868B091CF908.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — East coast of Africa, from Mauritania to the Ivory Coast, 251 - 1500 m.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663901FFC34593868B091CF908.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 9 ♀♀ (CL 44 - 66 mm); 8 šš (CL 61 - 83 mm). SPECIMENS FIGURED. — Guinea Bissau, 1 ♀ CL 44.87 mm (MNHN Pg- 2937). — Mauritania 14. XII. 2007, 1 ♀ CL 59 mm, 1 ♀ CL 83 mm (both specimens in collection of A. Ramos, Vigo, Spain).	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663901FFC34593868B091CF908.taxon	discussion	REMARKS In the original description of this species (Macpherson 1988 a), 9 adultspecimenswereexamined, CL 46 - 78 mm. Our examination slightly extends this range, doubling the specimen count, and examining newly identified individuals from CL 44 mm to 83 mm. Macpherson (1988 a: fig. 37 G) shows spines similar to those that we found on the smaller size classes (40 - 50 mm, Fig. 3 B). These are large conical spines, of uniform size, bearing small setae. Th e larger specimen, at CL 83 mm (Fig. 3 E, F) has spines which are wider, lower and blunter than those originally figured specimens. The macroscopic appearance of the larger adults is smoother than that of the spiny smaller adults, and might be a cause of misidentification. In P. erinacea, the lateral spines are similar in form to the dorsal spines.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663901FFC147DC84CF0ACFFB37.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Patagonia and the Falkland islands, 5 - 130 m.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663901FFC147DC84CF0ACFFB37.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 20 ♀♀ (CL 28 - 55 mm), 17 šš (CL 13 - 90 mm). SPECIMENS FIGURED. — Strait of Le Maire, Tierra del Fuego, 25. IV. 1971, 1 š CL 25.6 mm (USNM- 231429). — Tierra del Fuego, 10 m, 1 ♀ CL 45.6 mm, 1 š CL 65.7 mm (both specimens, BMNH 152710).	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663901FFC147DC84CF0ACFFB37.taxon	discussion	REMARKS	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663901FFC147DC84CF0ACFFB37.taxon	description	C E B D F	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE009266390CFFCF45D581D209E8FDE3.taxon	description	(Fig. 5)	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE009266390CFFCF45D581D209E8FDE3.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. — Pacific coast of Ecuador and Peru, 06 ° 31.5 ’ S, 81 ° 01.5 ’ W, 600 - 800 m. MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 6 ♀♀ (CL> 90 mm). Informa- tion about smaller size classes comes from the original description (Haig 1974). SPECIMEN FIGURED. — 7 ° 49 ’ 00 ’’ S, 80 ° 38 ’ 00 ’’ W, 705 - 735 m, 1 ♀ CL 96 mm (USNM- 259223).	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE009266390CFFCF45D581D209E8FDE3.taxon	discussion	REMARKS No specimen of Paralomis inca (Fig. 5) examined by us was smaller than CL 90 mm, and the smallest of the “ adult ” type collection (Haig 1974) was CL 80 mm. In the original description (Haig 1974: fig. 4), a figure of a juvenile (CL 69 mm) is double the normal minimum size of maturity for many species of the genus (Zaklan 2002). Haig (1974) does indicate a marked difference between juvenile and adult spines (Fig. 5). In large specimens, tubercles are low, regular mounds, with a circular patch of short setae at the apex. In the small paratype, the dorsal ornamentation is much more spiniform, with long setae emanating from the apex.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE009266390DFFCF45A3868B0A17F908.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. — Solomon Islands, 9 ° 06.9 ’ S, 159 ° 53.2 ’ E, 869 - 912 m	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE009266390DFFCF45A3868B0A17F908.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Solomon Islands, 400 - 1200 m.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE009266390DFFCF45A3868B0A17F908.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 6 ♀♀ (CL 7 - 49.9 mm), 6 šš (CL 11 - 59 mm). SPECIMENS FIGURED. — Solomon Islands, 896 - 1012 m, 25 - 26. IX. 2001, 3 šš CL 11, 36, 58.8 mm (MNHN Pg- 6408).	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE009266390DFFCF45A3868B0A17F908.taxon	discussion	REMARKS From an ovigerous female found 700 - 800 m in the Solomon Islands, this species is known to be reproductively mature by at least CL 50 mm. Paralomis mendagnai appears to be different from other South Pacific groups studied (Fig. 14) in the smoothly rounded tubercles of the adults, which have pits (possibly minute setae) on the apex (not in a circular pattern). Specimens in the CL 10 - 25 mm size class had conical, or spiniform tubercles, unlike anything found on specimens above CL 30 mm. The small paratype of P. mendagnai, (Fig. 6 A, B) has a spiniform enlargement (Fig. 6 B) of one of the conical tubercles of the mid-branchial region, whereas the surrounding tubercles are much smaller. In positions on the carapace where juveniles have such enlarged conical tubercles, specimens larger than CL 30 mm have only wide (> 3 mm diameter), flat or rounded tubercles (Fig. 4 D, F).	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE009266390DFFCF47E384CF0B00FA84.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — North Pacific, particularly around Japan, approximately 500 - 1100 m.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE009266390DFFCF47E384CF0B00FA84.taxon	materials_examined	MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 7 ♀♀ (CL 14 - 93 mm); 9 šš (CL 7 - 105 mm). SPECIMENS FIGURED. — Sea Lion rocks, WA, 1253 m, 1 ♀ CL 17 mm (USNM- 18591). — San Diego, CA, 1503 m, 1 ♀ CL 68 mm (USNM- 18589).	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE009266390DFFCF47E384CF0B00FA84.taxon	discussion	REMARKS In P. multispina, the spines in the larger size classes (CL> 50 mm) are stout, sharp-tipped, and conical, flattened at an oblique (posterior facing) angle, and with a circumference of short setae around that face (Fig. 7 E). Juveniles (CL 7 - 30 mm) of P. multispina have short, blunt, pedunculated tubercles, bearing a halo of short setae (Fig. 7 B, C). In specimens of around CL 30 mm, there is evidence for the tubercles becoming longer and developing an acute tip, as in larger adults. In all specimens, one spine in the mid-gastric region is larger than the other spines or tubercles, and which has no setae, nor does it have a flattened region posteriorly: this spine appears to be particularly large in relation to the lower tubercles on small specimens.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663909FFCB458284CF099CFC00.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. — Réunion Island, 350 - 937 m. MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 6 ♀♀ (CL 39 - 49 mm), 7 šš (CL 17 - 86 mm). SPECIMENS FIGURED. — Réunion Island, 350 - 750 m, 28. VIII. 1982, 1 šCL 24.5 mm (MNHN Pg- 4257). — Réunion Islands, 450 - 937 m, 24. VIII. 1982, 1 š CL 71.3 mm (MNHN Pg- 4255).	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
BE0092663909FFCB458284CF099CFC00.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Paralomis stella, from the south-eastern Indian Ocean, has a very similar adult spine morphotype, and a comparable ontogenetic progression to P. mendagnai. In both groups, the CL 10 - 25 mm size class have conical, spiniform tubercles, although in P. stella, none of the spines on the carapace are consistently enlarged in comparison to others on the same specimen. Adults larger than CL 30 mm have regular, rounded tubercles with pits (possibly minute setae) dispersed across the apex.	en	Hall, Sally, Thatje, Sven (2010): King crabs up-close: ontogenetic changes in ornamentation in the family Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura), with a focus on the genus Paralomis. Zoosystema 32 (3): 495-524, DOI: 10.5252/z2010n3a10, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n3a10
