taxonID	type	description	language	source
C346878AFFD6FFF3FED9FD6AE8FBFBB6.taxon	materials_examined	Type species Spongia oculata Pallas, 1766 (by original designation). Definition: Choanosomal skeleton consisting of a very regular, ladder-like reticulation of uni- to paucispicular primary lines, regularly connected by unispicular secondary lines. Ectosomal skeleton, if present, is a unispicular, tangential, isotropic reticulation; occasionally with the oxeas ‘ intercrossing’. Oxeas short, rather robust, fusiform or with acerated points. Spongin moderate to abundant. No microscleres (Weerdt 2002).	en	Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio, Carballo, José Luis (2006): A new species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) living in association with Geodia media Bowerbank (Mexican Pacific coast). Zootaxa 1343: 43-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.174434
C346878AFFD6FFF8FED9FB17EE04FD0E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype: MNCN 1.01 / 362, Punta Pinta la Choya (Puerto Peñasco, Sonora, México) 31 ° 18 ’ 05 ” N, 113 ° 59 ’ 11 ” W, 3 m depth, 03 / 04 / 2005, on sponge Geodia media. Paratypes: BMNH: 2005.4.21.4, Punta Pinta la Choya (Puerto Peñasco, Sonora, México) 31 ° 18 ’ 05 ” N, 113 ° 59 ’ 11 ” W, 5 m depth, 03 / 04 / 2005, on sponge Geodia media LEB-ICML-UNAM- 296, Punta Cazón (Bahía Kino, Sonora, México) 28 ° 52 ’ 20 ’’ N, 112 ° 02 ’ 01 ’’ W, 2 m depth, 11 / 08 / 2000, on sponge Geodia media. LEB-ICML-UNAM- 1224, Punta Pinta la Choya (Puerto Peñasco, Sonora, México) 31 ° 18 ’ 05 ” N, 113 ° 59 ’ 11 ” W, 5 m depth, 03 / 04 / 2005, on sponge Geodia media.	en	Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio, Carballo, José Luis (2006): A new species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) living in association with Geodia media Bowerbank (Mexican Pacific coast). Zootaxa 1343: 43-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.174434
C346878AFFD6FFF8FED9FB17EE04FD0E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Pinkish violet, thinly encrusting sponge. Surface smooth, with scarce slightly elevated oscules. Consistency soft and compressible, but fragile and crumbly. Ectosomal skeleton is a regular, tangential, isotropic reticulation. Choanosomal skeleton is a regular, uni- to paucispicular reticulation of ascending lines, interconnected by single oxeas. Spicules are only short and robust oxeas only (77 - (112) - 150 x 2 - (5.6) - 10 µm).	en	Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio, Carballo, José Luis (2006): A new species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) living in association with Geodia media Bowerbank (Mexican Pacific coast). Zootaxa 1343: 43-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.174434
C346878AFFD6FFF8FED9FB17EE04FD0E.taxon	description	Description Incrusting to semi-incrusting sponge (from 2 to 5 mm thick) covering the surface of Geodia media partly or completely (Fig. 2 AB). The species covers areas from 18 to 160 cm 2. The surface is even and smooth, with small orifices (from 25 to 75 µm in diameter) which might be ostia. Subectosomal spaces are present; they are regularly distributed along the body (from 250 to 500 µm in diameter). Oscules are scarce, with circular or oval shapes, about 0.5 to 1 mm in diameter (Fig. 2 AB). They are situated at the top of small summits of volcano-shaped elevations from 0.9 to 1.5 mm high, and distributed irregularly on the surface of the sponge. Ectosome is not easily detachable. Choanosomal canals measure from 150 to 300 µm in diameter. Consistency is soft, compressible, but fragile and easily friable. The color is pinkish violet when alive (Fig. 2 A) and dark or light brown in alcohol (Fig. 2 B). Skeleton. The ectosomal skeleton is formed by a regular, tangential, isotropic reticulation of single spicules joined by spongin, forming triangular, quadrangular or polygonal meshes from 50 to 120 µm in diameter (Fig. 3 B, 4 A). The choanosomal skeleton is a regular, ladder-like reticulation of uni-paucispicular ascending lines (with 1, 2 or 3 spicules) interconnected by single spicules, forming triangular (60 to 90 µm), quadrangular (100 to 150 µm) and sometimes polygonal meshes (Fig. 4 B, 5). In some places the skeleton is a somewhat confuse isotropic reticulation. In the choanosome the spongin is less abundant at the nodes of the spicules than at the ectosome. Spicules. The species presents short, slightly curved or fusiform oxeas with acerate ends (Fig 3 A, 4 C). Oxeas with blunt tips and style forms rarely occur (Fig. 4 C). Slender and slightly smaller oxeas are probably immature. The oxeas measure 100 - (127) - 145 µm long, and 5 - (8.4) - 10 µm wide. The immature oxeas measure 77 - (92.4) - 107 µm long and 2 - (2.8) - 4.5 µm wide (Table 1).	en	Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio, Carballo, José Luis (2006): A new species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) living in association with Geodia media Bowerbank (Mexican Pacific coast). Zootaxa 1343: 43-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.174434
C346878AFFD6FFF8FED9FB17EE04FD0E.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific epithet refers to the state (Sonora) where the species was found.	en	Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio, Carballo, José Luis (2006): A new species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) living in association with Geodia media Bowerbank (Mexican Pacific coast). Zootaxa 1343: 43-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.174434
C346878AFFD6FFF8FED9FB17EE04FD0E.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology The specimens were collected in rocky shallow water (1 – 4 m depth) in two localities from the northern Mar de Cortés (Fig. 1). The species is common in these localities, but it is always found growing on the surface of the sponge Geodia media covering it completely or in parts, except for the oscular areas. The specimens have been collected in two seasons (spring and summer), but no embryos or larvae were found.	en	Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio, Carballo, José Luis (2006): A new species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) living in association with Geodia media Bowerbank (Mexican Pacific coast). Zootaxa 1343: 43-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.174434
C346878AFFD6FFF8FED9FB17EE04FD0E.taxon	discussion	Remarks According to the most recent classification in Systema Porifera, the genus Haliclona is mainly defined by having a regular choanosomal skeleton, with a ladder-like reticulation of uni-pauci- or multispicular primary lines connected by unispicular secondary lines (Weerdt 2002). The genus includes six valid subgenera, which are differentiated principally by their skeletal architecture; Haliclona Grant, 1836; Rhizoniera Griessingger, 1971; Gellius Gray, 1867; Soestella Weerdt, 2000; Reniera Schmidt, 1862 and Halichoclona Laubenfels, 1832. According to this classification Haliclona (Haliclona) sonorensis sp. nov. shows characteristics of the subgenus Haliclona (Weerdt 2002). Only three similar species with an ectosomal tangential unispicular, isotropic reticulation are known from the East Pacific area (described originally as Adocia spp.). H. ambrosia (Dickinson, 1945), H. dubia (Ristau, 1978) and H. turquoisia (Laubenfels, 1954). H. ambrosia is a ramose sponge with a smooth surface and oscules up to 4 mm (color in life was not recorded), described from the Mar de Cortés (Dickinson, 1945). In contrast, H. (H.) sonorensis sp. nov. is encrusting with scarce and smaller oscules. Another important difference is the presence of two categories of oxeas; 130 by 3 µm and 240 by 14 µm in H. ambrosia (Dickinson, 1945). H. dubia from California (Ristau, 1978) is a white and hard, non-compressible sponge, with large oxeas (140 to 180 by 10 – 16 µm). A.	en	Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio, Carballo, José Luis (2006): A new species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) living in association with Geodia media Bowerbank (Mexican Pacific coast). Zootaxa 1343: 43-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.174434
C346878AFFD6FFF8FED9FB17EE04FD0E.taxon	description	However, the H. cinerea East Pacific specimens differ from the European specimens and they also differ from the new species. The Canada specimens are dull yellow in color, with oxeas of 98 – 111 µm long by 6 µm wide (the skeletal structure was not described) (Lambe 1893). The California specimens are encrusting (3 cm thick), lavender in color, with oxeas of 150 µm long by 6 – 8 µm wide, without ectosomal specialization and with an choanosomal isodyctial reticulation structure (Laubenfels 1932). The Panama specimens are slightly different to California because they have an ectosomal isodyctial reticulation of oxeas (Laubenfels 1936). Dickinson specimens are also encrusting, with oscules conspicuous from 4 mm in diameter, and a choanosomal irregular reticulation of oxeas of 115 to 190 µm long. Ectosomal skeletal was not described (Dickinson 1945). The closest species to Haliclona (Haliclona) sonorensis sp. nov. is H. (H.) epiphytica Zea & Weerdt 1999, described from the Caribbean (Colombia). The species are similar in consistency, form, choanosomal skeleton and ectosomal skeletal structure. However, they are different in color and spicule dimensions: H. (H.) epiphityca is a cream-color sponge with shorter and thinner oxeas (63 - 67 - 97 x 2.9 – 6.9 µm). Both species share the epibiotic habit, but H. (H.) epiphytica grows on red algae, whereas H. (H.) sonorensis sp. nov. has been only found living on Geodia media. In summary, the new species is well characterized by its skeletal structure, in addition to consistent external characteristics like an encrusting shape, pinkish violet color, scarce and slightly elevated oscules, and in general by living in association with another sponge. After the present study, the number of chalinids species along the Mexican Pacific coast has increased to 10 species.	en	Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio, Carballo, José Luis (2006): A new species of Haliclona (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) living in association with Geodia media Bowerbank (Mexican Pacific coast). Zootaxa 1343: 43-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.174434
