taxonID	type	description	language	source
F4A793C2179B541A9800902D18D19548.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Llanquihue, Carelmapu [41 ° 44 ′ S 73 ° 40 ′ W], Coast of Canal de Chacao, 18 - III- 1957, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], 10 / 12 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
F4A793C2179B541A9800902D18D19548.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after C. P. Alexander, the remarkable Tipulomorpha expert who described all the species of this subgenus, among many others.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
F4A793C2179B541A9800902D18D19548.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by a curved R 2 + 3, large markings only near R 2, r-m longer than basal deflection of R 5, and R 2 + 3 + 4 longer than R 2 + 3. Furthermore, the species has characteristic male terminalia with a trapezoidal-shaped spur and symmetrical tip of left mesal lobe.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
F4A793C2179B541A9800902D18D19548.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 5.68 mm, width 1.61 mm. - Coloration: General coloration dark brown. Rostrum and palpus dark brown. First segment of antenna yellowish-brown, remaining segments dark brown. Head dark brown. Abdomen brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 8 B, ventral view Fig. 8 A): terminal segments of antenna missing, as indicated by asterisks on Fig. 8 B. Rostrum bifurcated with short appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; scape shorter and thinner than pedicel. Thorax: Wing (Fig. 8 C) almost clear of markings, except strong marking covering R 2; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 8 D) faded; r-m similar in length to basal deflection of R 5; M 1 + 2 shorter than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 longer than R 2 + 3, more than twice length of R 5. - Male terminalia (Fig. 8 E): Male tergite IX slightly darkened at posterior margin, with wide V-shaped median notch; posterolateral lobes triangular. Ventral branch of gonocoxite with one side with a few long setae, while other side with many short setae. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite half-length of ventral branch. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, longer than half length of lobe of gonostylus, narrower than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch straight; medial branch wide club-shaped. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical; left mesal lobe with flat posterior margin; right mesal lobe elongated and curved. Sheath of aedeagus straight, darkened halfway of length; apex extended into narrowed tip and additional nearly rectangular preapical spur.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
00EBD367920759ADB2B79353EDA7FF52.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], 10 / 12 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 2 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chile, Caramavida [37 ° 40 ′ S 73 ° 20 ′ W], 1000 - 1300 m, 1 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM) *. - Additional material: CHILE. 3 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], 10 / 12 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM).	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
00EBD367920759ADB2B79353EDA7FF52.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Dalton de Souza Amorim, a remarkable Brazilian Diptera expert.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
00EBD367920759ADB2B79353EDA7FF52.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by only a marking near R 2 and R 2 + 3 + 4 as long as R 2 + 3. Furthermore, the species has characteristic male terminalia with a triangular spur and an atrophied tip of the left mesal lobe.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
00EBD367920759ADB2B79353EDA7FF52.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 5.60 mm, width 1.68 mm. - Coloration: General coloration dark brown. Thorax dark brown, pleura brown. Scutum without stripes. Halter dark brown with knob pale. Coxae light brown and legs brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 9 B, ventral view Fig. 9 A): Rostrum bifurcated with long appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; scape thinner than pedicel, terminal flagellomere longer than penultimate. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 9 E, dorsal view Fig. 9 F): Thorax with long setae, notably on coxae. Anatergite taller than katatergite. Halter with dilated knob. Wing (Fig. 9 D) almost clear of markings, except for strong marking covering R 2; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 9 C) faded; M 1 + 2 shorter than basal deflection of M 1, R 2 + 3 + 4 similar in length to R 2 + 3. - Male terminalia (Fig. 9 G): Male tergite IX slightly darkened at posterior margin, with wide V-shaped median notch; posterolateral lobes nearly triangular. Ventral branch of gonocoxite slender. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite shorter than half length of ventral branch, setose on distal tip. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, longer than half-length of lobe of gonostlyus, about as wide as stem. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch long and straight; medial branch curved, club-shaped. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical; left mesal lobe straight and narrow, with small bend at distal section; right mesal lobe curved, elongated. Sheath of aedeagus straight; apical half darkened, with short, curved triangular projection.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
4B6DCC4B12E451DD8560DA080729125A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Contulmo, Palo Botado [37 ° 39 ′ S 72 ° 54 ′ W], 12 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 ♂ and 1 [sex unknown], Chile, Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 2 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chile, Chiloe Is., Rio Coluco [42 ° 6 ′ S 73 ° 55 ′ W], 30 - I- 1952, Pena (USNM).	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
4B6DCC4B12E451DD8560DA080729125A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The word Amphineurus anchoralis is Latin for " of the anchor ". The term refers to the shape of the projection of the male 9 th tergite, which resembles an anchor.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
4B6DCC4B12E451DD8560DA080729125A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The species is distinguished by the absence of markings near R 1, and R 2 + 3 shorter than R 2. Furthermore, this species has a long vertical spur on the sheath of aedeagus, male tergite IX has a distinctive ridge projection, mesal lobes absent and the posterior margin of the male tergite IX is mostly unpigmented.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
4B6DCC4B12E451DD8560DA080729125A.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 6.15 mm, width 1.86 mm. - Coloration: General coloration yellowish brown. Rostrum and palpus dark brown. First segments of antenna pale, remaining segments dark yellow. Head brownish-black. Eyes black. Thorax yellowish-brown, pleura pale. Scutum without stripes. Halter pale with knobs light orange. Coxae and legs brownish. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 10 B, ventral view Fig. 10 A): Rostrum bifurcated with short appendices; first palpal segment as long as terminal segment, second palpal segment dilated; scape thinner than pedicel, terminal flagellomere dilated, antenna with several long setae. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 10 E, dorsal view Fig. 10 F): a few setae on prescutum. Division line of laterotergite almost vertical; anatergite as tall as katatergite. Halter with dilated knob. Wing (Fig. 10 D) almost clear of markings, except marking covering R 2; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 10 C) faded; M 1 + 2 longer than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 at least twice as long as R 2 + 3. - Male terminalia (Fig. 10 G): Male tergite IX with posterior margin with irregular ridges; median U-shaped notch with straight projection in middle; tip of projection also ridge shaped; projection and surrounding area darkened. Ventral branch of gonocoxite inclined laterally. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite half-length of ventral branch, atrophied and pointed medially; both branches setose. Lobe of gonostylus with pointed lobule, shaped similar to folded leaf. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch long, bent near middle; medial branch curved into stub. Mesal lobes absent. Sheath of aedeagus darkened on apical half, angulated, with long pointed projection perpendicular to remainder of sheath.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
FCAF71BEAE6952E3AD4DF6A3B2F9672F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Butamalal [37 ° 49 ′ S 73 ° 14 ′ W], 1100 - 1400 m, 23 / 31 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 [sex unknown], Chile, Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 5 / 10 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Chile, Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Butamalal [37 ° 49 ′ S 73 ° 14 ′ W], 1100 - 1400 m, 23 / 31 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
FCAF71BEAE6952E3AD4DF6A3B2F9672F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The word Amphineurus anfractus in Latin is for " winding ". The term refers to the winding or sinuous aspect of the anal vein and crossvein m-cu.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
FCAF71BEAE6952E3AD4DF6A3B2F9672F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by sinuose crossvein m-cu and anal vein. Furthermore, this species is characterized by the male terminalia with a folded medial branch of the clasper of gonostylus and a cylindrical left mesal lobe.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
FCAF71BEAE6952E3AD4DF6A3B2F9672F.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 7.84 mm, width 2.48 mm. - Coloration: General coloration dark brown. Thorax dark brown, pleura brown. Scutum with one black stripe. Halter pale with knobs ochreous. Coxae brownish yellow and legs dark brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 11 B, ventral view Fig. 11 A): Rostrum bifurcated with long appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; scape as thick as pedicel, pedicel constricted at base; terminal flagellomere shorter than penultimate, antenna with long setae. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 11 E, dorsal view Fig. 11 F). Division line of laterotergite very sinuous; anatergite shorter than katatergite. Halter with dilated knob. Wing (Fig. 11 D) with several marks, including faint markings on A 1 and near tip of R 3, marking highlighting m-cu, markings on Rs, R 2 + 3 + 4 and R 2 + 3, small, strong marking at tip of R 1 and large, strong marking covering R 2; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 11 C) faded; A 1 sinuose; M 1 + 2 longer than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 longer than R 2 + 3. - Male terminalia (Fig. 11 G): Male tergite IX darkened along posterior margin; posterior margin flat, with short median U-shaped notch; posterolateral lobes nearly rectangular with slightly visible shallow emarginations. Ventral branch of gonocoxite wide. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite long, almost as long as ventral branch, with long setae on distal tip. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule wider than long, shorter than half-length of lobe of gonostylus, twice as wide as stem. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch straight; medial branch curved, club-shaped. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical, both similarly shaped with flat posterior margins; left mesal lobe narrower. Sheath of aedeagus slightly curved on distal half, with tip narrowed, darkened almost along entire length.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
EB3DFCB94ED75A879F843CF9DD060C53.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Chaihuin [39 ° 56 ′ S 73 ° 34 ′ W], 810 m, 20 - III- 1955, Pena, Holotype 12206 (USNM) [part of specimen pinned and part on slide prepared by C. P. Alexander].	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
EB3DFCB94ED75A879F843CF9DD060C53.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by having vein bM forking into M 2 + 3 + 4 and M 1, absence of markings on R 2 and insertion of r-m desclerotized. Furthermore, the species has distinctive male terminalia with a curved sheath of aedeagus and both mesal lobes similar in length with vertically directed tiny tips.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
240520D9AEDC5871840C69B604B8E10A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Osorno, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 10 / 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM) *. Paratype: 1 [sex unknown], Chile, Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 14 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM).	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
240520D9AEDC5871840C69B604B8E10A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Zacariah D. Billingham, a great expert of Australian craneflies.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
240520D9AEDC5871840C69B604B8E10A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is characterized by crossvein m-cu uniformly inserted at the fork of bM. Furthermore, this species is characteristized by the male terminalia with a curved sheath of aedeagus, a small right mesal lobe and the most setose ventral branch of gonocoxite. The thorax is also distinguishable by a narrow knob of the halter and katepisternum longer than the meron.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
240520D9AEDC5871840C69B604B8E10A.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 6.45 mm, width 1.66 mm. - Coloration: General coloration dark brown. Rostrum and palpus dark brown. First segments of the antenna yellow, remainder dark yellow. Head dark brown. Eyes blackish gray. Thorax dark brown, pleura pale. Scutum without stripes. Halter pale with knob dark yellow. Coxae brownish yellow and legs yellowish-brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 13 B, ventral view Fig. 13 A): Rostrum bifurcated with short appendices; first palpal segment as long as terminal segment; scape thicker than pedicel, terminal flagellomere as long as penultimate. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 13 E, dorsal view Fig. 13 F): Thorax with long setae, particularly on scutum. Anatergite as tall as katatergite. Halter with narrow knob. Wing (Fig. 13 D) without clear markings; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 13 C) visible; m-cu inserted at fork of bM; M 1 + 2 longer than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 faded; R 2 + 3 + 4 shorter than R 2 + 3. - Male terminalia (Fig. 13 G): Male tergite IX with small V-shaped median notch; posterolateral lobes rounded. Ventral branch of gonocoxite expanded on distal tip. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite nearly half-length of ventral branch; both branches extremely setose. Lobe of gonostylus rounded, longer than wide; longer than half-length of lobe of gonostylus; lobule wider than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with similarly shaped branches; lateral branch rounded; medial branch oblong. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical, both pointed, with several setae on posterior margin; right mesal lobe shorter. Sheath of aedeagus claw-shaped, curved halfway, darkened only on tip. Remarks. Specimens of this new species were previously identified by C. P. Alexander as A. (R.) nullus Alexander. This species resembles A. (R.) theischingeri sp. nov. but differs mainly in attachment of m-cu, setae concentration in gonocoxite, shape of male tergite IX, and mesal lobe.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
9655B6D163715797A62CDD8544308542.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is. Ancud [41 ° 52 ′ S 73 ° 48 ′ W], 23 - I- 1932, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 ♀, Chile, Chiloe Is., Aucar [42 ° 9 ′ S 73 ° 30 ′ W], 6 / 15 - I- 1952, Pena (USNM); 2 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *. Additional material: CHILE. 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Aucar [42 ° 9 ′ S 73 ° 30 ′ W], 6 / 15 - I- 1952, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Chiloe Is. Ancud [41 ° 52 ′ S 73 ° 48 ′ W], 18 / 19 - XII- 1926, F. & M. Edwards (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Aucar [42 ° 9 ′ S 73 ° 30 ′ W], 6 / 15 - I- 1952, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 5 / 10 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM) [slide mounted specimen prepared by the authors].	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
9655B6D163715797A62CDD8544308542.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The word Amphineurus caleuchus refers to the Chilean myth of Caleuche, a sentient ghost ship of the Chiloe islands (Febles 2009). The species is named after this myth due to holotype and the majority of specimens being from the Chiloe islands.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
9655B6D163715797A62CDD8544308542.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The species is distinguished by a darkened distal quarter of the wing, R 2 + 3 + 4 similar to R 2 + 3, and M 1 + 2 shorter than the basal deflection of M 1. Furthermore, the species is characterized by the distinctive clasper of gonostylus with setae on medial branch, curved lateral branch and male tergite IX with a very shallow notch.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
9655B6D163715797A62CDD8544308542.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 6.50 mm, width 2.05 mm. - Coloration: General coloration dark brown. Rostrum and palpus dark brown. First segments of antenna yellow, remainding segments brownish-yellow. Head brown. Eyes black. Thorax yellowish-brown, pleura yellowish brown. Scutum with three dark brown stripes. Halter pale with knob ochreous. Coxae yellow and legs brown. Abdomen dark brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 14 B, ventral view Fig. 14 A): Rostrum bifurcated with short appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; scape as thick as pedicel; terminal flagellomere as long as penultimate; antenna with long setae. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 14 E, dorsal view Fig. 14 F): Thorax with short setae, some organized in rows on prescutum. Division line of laterotergite almost vertical; anatergite shorter than katatergite. Halter with dilated knob. Wing (Fig. 14 D) almost clear of markings, except for faint markings on R 2 and tip of R 1; distal quarter of wing darkened; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 14 C) faded; M 1 + 2 shorter than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 as long as R 2 + 3. - Female terminalia (Fig. 14 H): Female tergite IX longer and narrower than tergite X; cercus thin and bent at right angle. - Male terminalia (Fig. 14 G): Male tergite IX with sinuose posterior margin. Ventral branch of gonocoxite slightly inclined laterally, with long setae on lateral margin. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite reduced. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, shorter than half-length of lobe of gonostylus, and narrower than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch straightened, slightly bent towards tip; medial branch curved, club-shaped with concentration of setae. Mesal lobes symmetrical, rounded at posterior margin with bump on side. Sheath of aedeagus angulated with two bends; darkened almost along entire length.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
C873652987F35C4D8FE4D300BC9AEBD6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], 1 / 4 - IV- 1954, Pena, Holotype 12553 (USNM) [part of specimen pinned and part in slide prepared by C. P. Alexander]. Paratype: 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], 1 / 4 - IV- 1954, Pena (USNM). Additional material: CHILE. 1 [sex unknown], Chile, Chiloe Is. Ancud [41 ° 52 ′ S 73 ° 48 ′ W], 23 - 1 - 1952, L. Guzman (USNM); 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], 1 / 4 - IV- 1954, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
C873652987F35C4D8FE4D300BC9AEBD6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The species is distinguished by having m-cu strongly sinuous, straight anal vein and beginning of M 1 + 2 retains sclerotized section. Furthermore, this species has a characteristic sheath of aedeagus with a long basal spur, mesal lobe is very reduced and male tergite IX is remarkable by its rounded posterolateral lobes.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
CF9E8795B3005AE29E9A75BD5415CE7A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is. Ancud [41 ° 52 ′ S 73 ° 48 ′ W], 23 - I- 1952, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 ♂, Chile, Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Butamalal [37 ° 49 ′ S 73 ° 14 ′ W], 1100 - 1400 m, 23 / 31 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 ♀, Chile, Chiloe Is., Castro [42 ° 28 ′ S 73 ° 46 ′ W], 20 / 22 - XII- 1926, R. C. Shannon (USNM); 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *. - Additional material: CHILE. 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is. Ancud [41 ° 52 ′ S 73 ° 48 ′ W], 23 - I- 1952, L. P. Guzman (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Llanquihue, Hornohuinca [41 ° 25 ′ S 72 ° 37 ′ W], XII- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 4 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *;	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
CF9E8795B3005AE29E9A75BD5415CE7A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The word Amphineurus deceptus is Latin for " deceived ". The term refers to the fact that specimens of this new species were misidentified by Alexander as two different species.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
CF9E8795B3005AE29E9A75BD5415CE7A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by the darkened distal quarter of the wing, and bM is uniform. Furthermore, the species is characterized by the distinctive male terminalia with clasper of gonostylus with setae on medial branch and straightened base of sheath of aedeagus.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
CF9E8795B3005AE29E9A75BD5415CE7A.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 6.50 mm, width 2.06 mm. - Coloration: General coloration dark brown. Rostrum and palpus brownish-black. First segments of the antenna yellow, remainding segments dark yellow. Head dark brown. Eyes gray. Thorax dark brown, pleura yellowish brown. Scutum with three dark brown stripes. Halter brownish-yellow. Coxae brownish yellow and legs yellowish-brown. Abdomen dark brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 16 B, ventral view Fig. 16 A): Rostrum bifurcated with long appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; scape as thick as pedicel; terminal flagellomere as long as penultimate; antenna with long setae. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 16 E, dorsal view Fig. 16 F): Prescutum with short setae. Division line of laterotergite almost vertical; anatergite as tall as katatergite. Halter with dilated knob. Wing (Fig. 16 D) with several markings, including faint markings on A 1 and Rs, marking at tip of R 1, markings highlighting m-cu, R 2 + 3 + 4 and R 2 + 3, and strong marking covering R 2; distal quarter of wing darkened, veins near fork of bM (Fig. 16 C) faded; M 1 + 2 shorter than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 shorter than half-length of R 2 + 3. - Female terminalia (Fig. 16 H): Female tergite IX longer and as wide as tergite X; cercus slightly curved dorsad. - Male terminalia (Fig. 16 G): Male tergite IX with V-shaped median notch. Ventral branch of gonocoxite with long setae on lateral margin. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite half-length of ventral branch. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, shorter than half-length of lobe of gonostylus, narrower than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch long and straight, bent near tip; medial branch curved, club-shaped. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical; left mesal lobe with more rectangular posterior projection; right mesal lobe rounded with bump on side. Sheath of aedeagus straightened, bent towards tip, darkened almost along entire length.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
8EE447B1E25B5AE081CCB685361A8617.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Osorno, Bahia Mansa [40 ° 35 ′ S 73 ° 44 ′ W], South of Pucotrihue, 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 [sex unkown]: Chile, Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, L. P. Guzman (USNM); 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *; 1 [sex unkown]: Chile, Chiloe Is., Aulen, Duhatao [41 ° 58 ′ S 74 ° 02 ′ W], 6 / 8 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
8EE447B1E25B5AE081CCB685361A8617.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The word Amphineurus falcatus is Latin for " armed with scythes ". This name is in reference to the sheath of aedeagus, which resembles a scythe.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
8EE447B1E25B5AE081CCB685361A8617.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by absence of markings near R 2 and R 2 + 3 + 4 longer than R 2 + 3. Furthermore, this species has distinctive male terminalia with a curved sheath of aedeagus, only the right mesal lobe folded, and the longest lobule of the subgenus, as long as the remainder of the lobe of gonostylus.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
8EE447B1E25B5AE081CCB685361A8617.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 6.08 mm, width 1.86 mm. - Coloration: General coloration blackish brown. Thorax blackish brown, pleura gray. Scutum without stripes. Halter ochreous. Coxae brownish yellow and legs dark brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 17 B, ventral view Fig. 17 A): Rostrum bifurcated with short appendices; first palpal segment as long as terminal segment; scape as thick as pedicel; last flagellomere as long as penultimate. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 17 E, dorsal view Fig. 17 F): Division line of laterotergite sinuous and almost vertical; anatergite as tall as katatergite. Halter with long dilated knob; length of knob half-length of stem of halter. Wing (Fig. 17 D) without distinctive markings; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 17 C) visible; R 2 faded; r-m shorter than M 1 + 2 and basal deflection of M 1; M 1 + 2 shorter than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 at least 2.5 x longer than basal deflection of R 5; R 2 + 3 + 4 longer than R 2 + 3. - Male terminalia (Fig. 17 G): Male tergite IX darkened along posterior margin, with wide V-shaped median notch; posterolateral lobes nearly triangular, obtuse at apex. Ventral branch of gonocoxite expanded on distal tip. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite shorter than half-length of ventral branch. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, longer than half-length of lobe of gonostylus and wider than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with similarly shaped branches: lateral branch rounded; medial branch oblong. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical; left mesal lobe straightened and pointed; right mesal lobe bent at right angle. Sheath of aedeagus curved, darkened for most of length.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
405ADB46758C5F4A846D589C5B31D11B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This subgenus is distinguished by the rostrum at least as long as the remainder of the head. Cell M 2 open.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
405ADB46758C5F4A846D589C5B31D11B.taxon	description	Description. Habitus of representative species of the subgenus A. (Rhamphoneurus) is shown in Fig. 3. Head as long as wide in lateral view (Fig. 4 A). Two ventral cervical sclerites of same proportions, longer than wide, while sclerite in middle of neck nearly horizontal; sclerite near head more vertically orientated (Fig. 4 A). Neck approximately 2.5 x shorter than head. Rostrum as long as remainder of head. In some specimens, dorsal concentration of setae at end of rostrum. End of rostrum with sclerotized bifurcated tips (Fig. 4 B) of variable sizes and shapes. Antenna 16 - segmented, ca. twice length of head. Scape cylindrical, 2 x longer than wide. Pedicel rounded, as long as wide. Pedicel approximately as long as scape. First flagellomere ca. 1.2 x longer than pedicel. Pedicel ca. 1.5 x wider than first flagellomere. Flagellomeres ca. 2 x longer than wide. Flagellomeres vary in pilosity. Terminal flagellomere may be expanded. Palpus with 4 segments and large auxiliary segment at base (Fig. 4 A). Palpus ca. 1.4 x longer than rostrum. Length of palpal segments variable, but all cylindrical and similar in width. Wings 3 - 3.5 x longer than wide, bearing typical distinctive hairs. Wing veins run mostly in parallel (Fig. 5), especially in radial sector. Vein Sc complete. Crossvein sc-r near origin of Rs. R 2 complete or faded. Tip of R 1 complete or faded. Insertion of m-cu variable: proximal to fork of bM, in fork of bM, or M 3 + 4. Discal cell open. Wing markings in shades of brown important taxonomically. Thorax ca. 1.5 x longer than wide in lateral view. Tibial spurs absent. Empodium pulviliform. Two tarsal claws present. Abdomen ca. 2 x longer than thorax, 3 x longer than head. Male terminalia inverted. Male terminalia with posterior margin of tergite IX usually with median notch (Fig. 23 G); posterior margin may bear medial sclerotized projection (Fig. 28 G); darkened in most species (Fig. 20 F). Gonocoxite bifid (Fig. 6) with long ventral branch and short dorsal branch; additional branch of gonocoxite (= mesal lobe) present in majority of species (Fig. 6), very variable, including asymmetry. If asymmetrical, right and left mesal lobes drawn in corresponding position on plates. Gonostylus bifid (Fig. 6) with medial and lateral branches. Clasper of gonostylus very variable. Lobe of gonostylus ca. as long as clasper. Lobe of gonostylus bifid, smaller pigmented branch termed lobule (Fig. 6). Sheath of aedeagus variable, as in other Chioneinae, projecting ventrally to aedeagus and almost detached form aedeagus. Female terminalia with curved cercus. Hypogynial valve blade-shaped, variable in length. Genital fork (Fig. 7 B) without membranous area, posterior region concave similar to other Chioneinae such as Erioptera Meigen. Two oval-shaped spermathecae present, longer than wide (Fig. 7 A).	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
95E9BC0466DF589484695C2E8617C16F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Paratypes: 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Mechuque Is. [42 ° 18 ′ S 73 ° 16 ′ W], 23 - XII- 1926, F. & M. Edwards (USNM). 1 ♂, Chile, Peulla [41 ° 5 ′ S 72 ° 1 ′ W], 12 / 13 - XII- 1926, F. & M. Edwards (USNM); 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Mechuque Is. [42 ° 18 ′ S 73 ° 16 ′ W], 23 / 26 - XII- 1926, F. & M. Edwards (USNM) *. - Additional material: ARGENTINA. 1 ♀, Bariloche, Rio Negro [41 ° 7 ′ S 71 ° 24 ′ W], XI- 1926, R. & E. Shannon (USNM). CHILE. 1 ♂, 1 ♀ and 4 [sex unknown], Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Butamalal [37 ° 49 ′ S 73 ° 14 ′ W], 1100 - 1400 m, 23 / 31 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM); 2 ♀ and 1 ♂, Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 2 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM); 1 ♀ and 1 [sex unknown], Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 12 / 20 - II- 1958, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 4 / 6 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Butamalal [37 ° 49 ′ S 73 ° 14 ′ W], 1400 m, 23 / 31 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 ♀ and 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, L. P. Guzman (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 21 / 25 - II- 1958, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Malleco, Rio Blanco [38 ° 23 ′ S 71 ° 48 ′ W], 27 - II- 1951, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 120 - 1100 m., 9 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 ♀, Chiloe Is., Aucar [42 ° 9 ′ S 73 ° 30 ′ W], 15 - I- 1952, L. P. Guzman (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Osorno, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 10 / 12 - IV- 1948, Pena (USNM); 2 ♂ and 1 [sex unknown], Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Pichinahuel [37 ° 48 ′ S 73 ° 02 ′ W], 1400 - 1600 m, 21 / 25 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM) *; 2 ♂, Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Butamalal [37 ° 49 ′ S 73 ° 14 ′ W], 1100 - 1400 m, 23 / 31 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Nahuelbuta, Caramavida [37 ° 40 ′ S 73 ° 20 ′ W], 120 - 1100 m, 9 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM) (det. as A. (R.) nothofagetorum by Alexander) *; 1 ♂, Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Butamalal [37 ° 49 ′ S 73 ° 14 ′ W], 1400 m, 23 / 31 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Pichinahuel [37 ° 48 ′ S 73 ° 02 ′ W], 14 - 1600 m, 12 / 20 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 4 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Osorno, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 10 / 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Malleco, Rio Blanco [38 ° 23 ′ S 71 ° 48 ′ W], 1050 m, 27 - III- 1951, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
95E9BC0466DF589484695C2E8617C16F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by the sinuous anal vein and straight m-cu. Furthermore, this species has characteristic male terminalia with a folded medial branch of the clasper of gonostylus without setae, an unpigmented male tergite IX, sinuous sheath of aedeagus, and the right mesal lobe is longer than the left mesal lobe, with a cylindrical apical tip.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
1D18DDCCD18C5B3E8A2EEF56D702C345.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Osorno, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 W], 10 / 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 ♂, Chile, Osorno, Bahia Mansa [40 ° 35 ′ S 73 ° 44 ′ W], South of Pucotrihue, 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM); 2 ♂, Chile, Chaihuin [39 ° 56 ′ S 73 ° 34 ′ W], 810 m, 20 - III- 1955, Pena (USNM). - Additional material: CHILE. 2 ♀ and 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 1 / 3 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM); 2 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, L. P. Guzman (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Aucar [42 ° 9 ′ S 73 ° 30 ′ W], 15 - I- 1952, L. P. Guzman (USNM).	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
1D18DDCCD18C5B3E8A2EEF56D702C345.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The word Amphineurus immaculatus is Latin for " unstained ". The term refers to the fact that the wing has no pterostigma or markings.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
1D18DDCCD18C5B3E8A2EEF56D702C345.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is characterized by having sinuous cross-vein m-cu and no markings near R 2. Furthermore, the species is characterized by male terminalia with a curved sheath of aedeagus and right mesal lobe similar in shape, but longer than left one, and scutellum rounded in lateral view.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
1D18DDCCD18C5B3E8A2EEF56D702C345.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 6.22 mm, width 1.74 mm. - Coloration: General coloration brownish-yellow. Rostrum and palpus dark brown. First segments of antenna yellow, remainding segments dark yellow. Head dark brown. Eye black. Thorax brownish yellow, pleura pale. Scutum without stripes. Halter brownish-yellow. Coxae brownish yellow and legs brown. Abdomen blackish brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 19 B, ventral view Fig. 19 A): Rostrum bifurcated with short appendices; first palpal segment as long as terminal segment; scape as thick as pedicel; terminal flagellomere as long as penultimate. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 19 E, dorsal view Fig. 19 F): Short setae on prescutum. Division line of laterotergite almost vertical; anatergite taller than katatergite. Halter with dilated knob. Wing (Fig. 19 D) without markings; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 19 C) visible; M 1 + 2 as long as M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 longer than R 2 + 3; wing very light on pigmentation, almost translucent. - Female terminalia (Fig. 19 H): Female tergite IX shorter and as wide as tergite X; cercus slightly curved dorsad. - Male terminalia (Fig. 19 G): Male tergite IX slightly darkened along posterior margin, with deep V-shaped median notch; posterolateral lobes of triangular shape with rounded tips. Ventral branch of gonocoxite expanded in distal tip. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite half-length of ventral branch, curved ventrally. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, longer than half-length of lobe of gonostylus, wider than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with similarly shaped branches: lateral branch rounded, narrow; medial branch wider, oblong. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite symmetrical; both straight with slightly bent pointed tip. Sheath of aedeagus curved halfway and darkened only near tip.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
62753C7AB4FE559B930B712E0F7BB9AE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Malleco, Rio Blanco [38 ° 23 ′ S 71 ° 48 ′ W], 5 / 27 - III- 1951, Pena, Holotype 9362 (USNM) [part of specimen pinned and part on slide prepared by C. P. Alexander]. - Additional material: CHILE. 3 [sex unknown], Llanquihue, Carelmapu [41 ° 44 ′ S 73 ° 40 ′ W], Coast North of Canal de Chacao, 18 - III- 1957, Pena (USNM); 2 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 10 / 14 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Llanquihue, Carelmapu [41 ° 44 ′ S 73 ° 40 ′ W], Coast North of Canal de Chacao, 18 - III- 1957, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
62753C7AB4FE559B930B712E0F7BB9AE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by only a dark spot near R 2 and a curved m-cu. Furthermore, this species has a remarkable thorax which is as long as tall and characteristic male terminalia with the sheath of aedeagus with a rectangular spur and the tip of left mesal lobe curved.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
229C83CB948C50B684BCA5FF071C86F1.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], 1 / 4 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 ♂, Chile, Osorno, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 60 m, 10 - III- 1958, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], 10 / 12 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chile, Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Butamalal [37 ° 49 ′ S 73 ° 14 ′ W], 1100 - 1400 m, 23 / 31 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM) *. - Additional material: CHILE. 1 ♀ and 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], 1 / 4 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM).	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
229C83CB948C50B684BCA5FF071C86F1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Charles Morphy D. dos Santos, a Brazilian entomologist who studied the taxonomy and biogeography of South American Diptera.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
229C83CB948C50B684BCA5FF071C86F1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by only a marking near R 2, and basal deflection of R 5 shorter than half-length of R 2 + 3 + 4. Furthermore, the species is characterized by male terminalia with a triangular spur, tip of left mesal lobe bent, tip of right mesal lobe slightly curved and cercus thin and abruptly curved.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
229C83CB948C50B684BCA5FF071C86F1.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 5.63 mm, width 1.74 mm. - Coloration: General coloration yellowish brown. Rostrum and palpus dark brown. First segments of antenna yellow, remainding segments dark yellow. Head blackish brown. Eyes black. Thorax yellowish-brown, pleura yellow. Scutum with one reddish-brown stripe. Halter dark yellow with knob pale. Coxae and legs brownish yellow. Abdomen dark brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 21 B, ventral view Fig. 21 A): Rostrum bifurcated with long appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; scape thinner than pedicel; terminal flagellomere as long as penultimate. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 21 E, dorsal view Fig. 21 F): Anatergite shorter than katatergite. Halter with dilated knob. Wing (Fig. 21 D) almost clear of markings, except for marking highlighting R 2; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 21 C) visible; basal deflection of R 5 as long as r-m; M 1 + 2 half-length of basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 shorter than R 2 + 3. - Female terminalia (Fig. 21 H): Female tergite IX wider and as long as tergite X; cercus curved and abruptly dorsad. - Male terminalia (Fig. 21 G): Male tergite IX slightly darkened along dorsal margin, with wide V-shaped median notch. Ventral branch of gonocoxite long. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, longer than half-length of lobe of gonostylus, narrower than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch straight; medial branch curved. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical; left mesal lobe with posterior projection anvil-shaped; right mesal lobe curved. Sheath of aedeagus straightened with conical projection, darkened only at tip.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
AF9A65F292B7551DA2CC86D95B2D4D8A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Aucar [42 ° 9 ′ S 73 ° 30 ′ W], 6 / 15 - I- 1952, Pena, Holotype 9619 (USNM) [part of specimen pinned and part in slide prepared by C. P. Alexander]. - Additional material: CHILE. 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *; 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 1 / 3 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
AF9A65F292B7551DA2CC86D95B2D4D8A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by R 2 without a dark spot and the beginning of M 1 desclerotized. Furthermore, the species has a distinctive male terminalia with a curved sheath of aedeagus with the branches of the clasper of different sizes.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
4D00CB1DCD52500BBA33B4C2221D493B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Paratypes: 1 ♂, Argentina, Nahuel Huapi, Lago Correntoso [40 ° 42 ′ S 71 ° 39 ′ W], 2 - XI- 1926, R. C. Shannon (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chile, Puerto Varas [41 ° 19 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 16 - XII- 1926, F. & M. Edwards (USNM) *. - Additional material: CHILE. 1 ♂, 1 ♀ and 2 [sex unknown], Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 5 / 10 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM) *; 2 [sex unknown], Cautin, Villarica [39 ° 27 ′ S 71 ° 54 ′ W], 30 Km. NE, 1 / 30 - I- 1965, Pena (USNM) *; 2 ♂ and 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is. Ancud [41 ° 52 ′ S 73 ° 48 ′ W], 23 - I- 1952, L. P. Guzman (USNM) *; 1 ♀ and 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *; 1 [sex unknown], Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Butamalal [37 ° 49 ′ S 73 ° 14 ′ W], 1100 - 1400 m, 23 / 31 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM) *; 1 [sex unknown], Cordillera las Raices [38 ° 31 ′ S 71 ° 28 ′ W], West of Lonquimay, 1500 m, 28 - XII- 1967, Pena (USNM) *; 2 ♂, Chiloe Is. Ancud [41 ° 52 ′ S 73 ° 48 ′ W], 23 - I- 1952, Pena (USNM); 2 ♂, Casa Pangue [41 ° 03 ′ S 71 ° 51 ′ W], 6 / 10 - XII- 1926, F. & M. Edwards (USNM); 2 ♂, Cautin, Villarica [39 ° 27 ′ S 71 ° 54 ′ W], 30 Km. NE, 1 / 30 - I- 1965, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Llanquihue, Hornohuinca [41 ° 25 ′ S 72 ° 37 ′ W], South of Volcan Calbuco, III- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 4 / 6 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Osorno, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 60 m, 1 / 13 - III- 1955, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Caramavida [37 ° 40 ′ S 73 ° 20 ′ W], 1000 m, 5 / 10 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Cordillera las Raices [38 ° 31 ′ S 71 ° 28 ′ W], West of Lonquimay, 1500 m, 28 - XII- 1967, Pena (USNM).	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
4D00CB1DCD52500BBA33B4C2221D493B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The species is distinguished by the darkened distal quarter of the wings and M 1 + 2 longer than half the length of the basal deflection of M 1. Furthermore, the species has a distinctive clasper of gonostylus with setae on medial branch and straightened lateral branch.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
A1D800DFD9DB51439BFCD88AF0C6744B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Aulen, Duhatao [41 ° 58 ′ S 74 ° 02 ′ W], 6 / 8 - II- 1952, Pena, Holotype 9620 (USNM) [part of specimen pinned and part in slide prepared by C. P. Alexander]. Allotype: 1 ♀, Chile, Chiloe Is., Aulen, Duhatao [41 ° 58 ′ S 74 ° 02 ′ W], 6 / 8 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM). - Additional material: CHILE. 1 ♂ and 2 [sex unknown], Osorno, Bahia Mansa [40 ° 35 ′ S 73 ° 44 ′ W], South of Pucotrihue, 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 10 - 60 m, 12 - III- 1955, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Osorno, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 10 / 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Aucar [42 ° 9 ′ S 73 ° 30 ′ W], 15 - I- 1952, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, L. P. Guzman (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Pucotrihue [40 ° 35 ′ S 73 ° 44 ′ W], 10 - 60 m, 12 - III- 1955, Pena (USNM) *; 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 14 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *; 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 4 / 6 - IV- 1952, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Osorno, Bahia Mansa [40 ° 35 ′ S 73 ° 44 ′ W], South of Pucotrihue, 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
A1D800DFD9DB51439BFCD88AF0C6744B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The species is distinguished by absence of markings near R 2, cross-vein m-cu attached to M 3 + 4 and length of r-m twice length of basal deflection of R 5. Furthermore, the species has distinctive male terminalia with a curved sheath of aedeagus, both mesal lobes with folded tips and branches of clasper of gonostylus of similar sizes. The species further distinguished also by the combination of sheath of aedeagus with small markings and male tergite IX pigmented. Furthermore, females of this species have the thickest cercus of the subgenus.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
B4FA4FE9B5395C3E8FDE6D712B2E7F14.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chile, Llanquihue, Carelmapu [41 ° 44 ′ S 73 ° 40 ′ W], Coast of Canal de Chacao, 18 - III- 1957, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chile, Osorno, Bahia Mansa [40 ° 35 ′ S 73 ° 44 ′ W], South of Pucotrihue, 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
B4FA4FE9B5395C3E8FDE6D712B2E7F14.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Pjotr Oosterbroek, an important Tipulomorpha expert.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
B4FA4FE9B5395C3E8FDE6D712B2E7F14.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by only a dark spot on R 2, basal deflection of R 5 as long as r-m, and M 1 + 2 longer than basal deflection of M 1. Furthermore, this species is characterized by male terminalia with sheath of aedeagus with a triangular spur and the tip of sheath inclined.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
B4FA4FE9B5395C3E8FDE6D712B2E7F14.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 5.47 mm, width 1.68 mm. - Coloration: General coloration brown. Rostrum and palpus brown. First segments of antenna yellow, remainding segments yellowish brown. Head brown. Abdomen yellowish brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 25 B, ventral view Fig. 25 A): Rostrum bifurcated with long appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; scape narrower than pedicel; terminal flagellomere dilated. - Thorax: Wing (Fig. 25 D) almost clear of markings, except for marking on R 2; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 25 C) faded; M 1 + 2 2.5 x longer than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 longer than R 2 + 3. - Male terminalia (Fig. 25 E): Male tergite IX slightly darkened along posterior margin, with deep median U-shaped notch. Ventral branch of gonocoxite slender, very long, setose on distal tip. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, shorter than half of lobe of gonostylus, narrower than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch straight; medial branch curved. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical; left mesal lobe curved; right mesal lobe short with sharp turn. Sheath of aedeagus straightened, with wide rectangular projection; darkened only near tip.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
BF9DAAC3897C502AAE5F67318BCA82D9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype. ♂, Chile, Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Pichinahuel [37 ° 48 ′ S 73 ° 02 ′ W], 1400 - 1600 m, 12 / 20 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Rio Coluco [42 ° 6 ′ S 73 ° 55 ′ W], 30 - I- 1952, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chile, Llanquihue, Carelmapu [41 ° 44 ′ S 73 ° 40 ′ W], Coast North of Canal de Chacao, 18 - III- 1957, Pena (USNM) *. - Additional material: CHILE. 1 ♀ and 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], II- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, L. P. Guzman (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM).	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
BF9DAAC3897C502AAE5F67318BCA82D9.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Sigitas Podenas, a skilled Tipulomorpha expert.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
BF9DAAC3897C502AAE5F67318BCA82D9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by only a dark spot on R 2 and basal deflection of R 5 longer than r-m. Furthermore, this species is characterized by male terminalia with sheath of aedeagus with a spur, tip of right mesal lobe curved downwards and sheath of aedeagus with rounded spur.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
BF9DAAC3897C502AAE5F67318BCA82D9.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 5.73 mm, width 1.83 mm. - Coloration: General coloration brownish-yellow. Rostrum and palpus brown. First segment of antenna yellow, remainding segmens dark yellow. Head dark brown. Eyes black. Thorax brownish yellow, pleura pale. Contrasting golden setae on prescutum. Scutum without stripes. Halter brownish-yellow. Coxae and legs brownish yellow. Abdomen dark brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 26 B, ventral view Fig. 26 A): Rostrum bifurcated with long appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; scape thinner than pedicel; flagellomeres gradually reducing in length, resulting in shorter terminal flagellomeres. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 26 E, dorsal view Fig. 26 F): Thorax with several setae, including long setae on prescutum. Anatergite shorter than katatergite. Halter with dilated knob. Wing (Fig. 26 D) almost clear of markings, except for strong marking covering R 2; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 26 C) faded; M 1 + 2 longer than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 shorter than both R 2 + 3 and basal deflection of R 5. - Female terminalia (Fig. 26 H): Female tergite IX longer and wider than tergite X; cercus shorter than hypoginial valves, curved dorsad. Both cercus and hypogynial valve very slender. - Male terminalia (Fig. 26 G): Male tergite IX slightly darkened along posterior margin, with wide V-shaped median notch. Ventral branch of gonocoxite inclined medially in distal tip. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite nearly half-length of ventral branch. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, longer than half-length of lobe of gonostylus, narrower than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch straight; medial branch curved, club shaped. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical; left mesal lobe short with sideways projection; right mesal lobe curved. Sheath of aedeagus straightened, with rounded projection; darkened only on tip.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
717924D293895813885DD71129085763.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Valdivia, Enco [39 ° 53 ′ S 72 ° 8 ′ W], 1400 - 1600 m, 6 - III- 1955, Pena, Holotype 12226 (USNM) [part of specimen pinned and part in slide prepared by C. P. Alexander]. - Additional material: CHILE. 1 ♂ and 1 [sex unknown], Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 13 / 20 - II- 1958, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Caramavida [37 ° 40 ′ S 73 ° 20 ′ W], 1000 - 1300 m, 1 / 6 - I- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Lonquimay West, Cordillera las Raices [38 ° 31 ′ S 71 ° 28 ′ W], 1500 m, 25 - XII- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Lonquimay West, Cordillera las Raices [38 ° 31 ′ S 71 ° 28 ′ W], 1500 m, 25 - XII- 1968, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
717924D293895813885DD71129085763.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by a dark spot near R 2 and m-cu inserted at fork of bM. Furthermore this species is distinguished by the male terminalia with the lobule with two rounded margins forming heart shape, sheath of aedeagus is straight but without spurs and the mesal lobes are symmetrical, with slender, bare and slightly curved tips.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
F515B68D6E685EFE9BC465763ABBE6A9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Ancud [41 ° 52 ′ S 73 ° 48 ′ W], 1927, F. & M. Edwards (BMNH). - Additional material: CHILE. 2 [sex unknown], Osorno, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 10 / 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], II- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 4 / 6 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Osorno, Bahia Mansa [40 ° 35 ′ S 73 ° 44 ′ W], South of Pucotrihue, 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
F515B68D6E685EFE9BC465763ABBE6A9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by a subtle spot on R 2. Furthermore, this species has a remarkable sheath of aedeagus with a long horizontal spur, male tergite IX with a distinctive rectangular projection, mesal lobes absent and posterior margin of male tergite IX pigmented.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
7F2C69A46F8757C292D89BE6153CFB34.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Llanquihue, Hornohuinca [41 ° 25 ′ S 72 ° 37 ′ W], XII- 1968, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 ♀ and 1 [sex unknown], Chile, Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 5 / 10 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 4 / 6 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM) *. - Additional material: CHILE. 2 ♂, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 60 m, 10 - III- 1955, Pena (USNM); 1 male and 1 ♀, Chiloe Is. Ancud [41 ° 52 ′ S 73 ° 48 ′ W], 17 - XII- 1926, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, L. P. Guzman (USNM); 1 ♂ and 1 [sex unknown], Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 60 m, 1 / 13 - III- 1955, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Llanquihue, Hornohuinca [41 ° 25 ′ S 72 ° 37 ′ W], South of Volcan Calbuco, 30 / 31 - III- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 1 / 3 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM); 1 male and 1 [sex unknown], Arauco, Nahuelbuta [37 ° 46 ′ S 72 ° 59 ′ W], 5 / 10 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM); 1 ♀, Casa Pangue [41 ° 03 ′ S 71 ° 51 ′ W], 4 - XII- 1926, R. C. Shannon (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Aulen [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 4 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM); 1 ♀ and 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 4 / 6 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Arauco, Nahuelbuta, Caramavida [37 ° 40 ′ S 73 ° 20 ′ W], 1000 m, 5 / 10 - II- 1953, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Chaiten [42 ° 58 ′ S 72 ° 32 ′ W], 5 / 8 - II- 1954, Pena (USNM) *; 1 ♂, Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 1 / 3 - II- 1951, Pena (USNM) *.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
7F2C69A46F8757C292D89BE6153CFB34.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The word Amphineurus stigmaticus is Latin for " marked ". The term refers to the darkened mark near the tip of the wing of this new species.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
7F2C69A46F8757C292D89BE6153CFB34.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by the darkened distal quarter of the wings and basal deflection of M 1 shorter than M 1 + 2. Furthermore, the species is characterized by the male terminalia with setae on the medial branch of clasper of gonostylus and small marking on sheath of aedeagus.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
7F2C69A46F8757C292D89BE6153CFB34.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 7.48 mm, width 2.57 mm. - Coloration: General coloration dark brown. Rostrum and palpus dark brown. First segment of the antenna yellow, remainding segments dark yellow. Head dark brown. Eye gray. Thorax dark brown, pleura brown. Scutum with three brownish black stripes. Halter pale. Coxae and legs brownish yellow. Abdomen dark brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 29 B, ventral view Fig. 29 A): Rostrum bifurcated with short appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; palpus with several setae; scape thicker than pedicel; terminal flagellomere as long as penultimate. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 29 E, dorsal view Fig. 29 F): Scutum with two rows of short setae; anatergite shorter than katatergite. Halter with dilated knob. Wing (Fig. 29 D) with several markings including faint marking on A 1; markings highlighting m-cu, r-m, part of R 5, and R 2 + 3; marking on Rs, darkened distal quarter of wing and strong markings on R 2 and at tip of R 1; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 29 C) faded; M 1 + 2 longer than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 shorter than half-length of R 2 + 3. - Female terminalia (Fig. 29 H): Female tergite IX as wide and longer than tergite X; hypogynial valve slender; cercus bent at right angle, expanded in base; cercus shorter than hypogynial valve. - Male terminalia (Fig. 29 G): Male tergite IX with shallow median U-shaped notch. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite longer than half-length of ventral branch, well separated from ventral branch. Lobe of the gonostylus rounded; lobule longer than wide, shorter than half-length of lobe of gonostylus, narrower than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch straightened; medial branch curved, round club shaped, with concentration of setae. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite symmetrical; both rounded with bump on side. Sheath of aedeagus angulated, darkened only near tip.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
C0CCCDD0EEFB5051BBB5053FB109E6CD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Osorno, Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 10 / 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 2 ♂ and 1 ♀, Chile, Osorno, Bahia Mansa [40 ° 35 ′ S 73 ° 44 ′ W], South of Pucotrihue, 12 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM).	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
C0CCCDD0EEFB5051BBB5053FB109E6CD.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Gunther Theischinger, an expert on Tipulomorpha who revised the Australian Amphineurus.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
C0CCCDD0EEFB5051BBB5053FB109E6CD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by an absence of markings near R 2, r-m as long as basal deflection of R 5, and cross-vein m-cu straight and inserted at bM. Furthermore, this species is characterized by male terminalia with curved sheath of aedeagus, straight medial branch of clasper of gonostylus and mesal lobes with slender, vertical tips. The thorax is also distinguishable by narrow knob of halter and katepisternum as long as meron.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
C0CCCDD0EEFB5051BBB5053FB109E6CD.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 6.30 mm, width 1.77 mm. - Coloration: General coloration dark brown. Rostrum and palpus brownish black. First segment of antenna yellow, remainding segments dark yellow. Head brownish gray. Eye black. Thorax dark-brown, pleura light brown. Scutum without stripes. Halter brownish-yellow. Coxae brownish-yellow, legs dark brown. Abdomen brownish black. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 30 B, ventral view Fig. 30 A): Rostrum bifurcated with short appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; scape thinner than pedicel; terminal flagellomere longer than penultimate. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 30 E, dorsal view Fig. 30 F): Anatergite shorter than katatergite. Halter with narrow knob. Wing (Fig. 30 D) clear of distinctive markings; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 30 C) visible; M 1 + 2 longer than basal deflection of M 1; R 2 faded; R 2 + 3 + 4 longer than R 2 + 3. - Female terminalia (Fig. 30 H): Female tergite IX shorter and wider than tergite X; hypogynial valve very slender; cercus longer than hypogynial valve, thick, and slightly curved dorsad. - Male terminalia (Fig. 30 G): Male tergite IX with V-shaped median notch. Distal tip of ventral branch of gonocoxite expanded, setose, with slight curve ventrally. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite shorter than half-length of ventral branch. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, more than half as long as lobe of gonostylus, wider than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with similarly shaped branches: lateral branch rounded; medial branch conical. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical; both with long, narrow, straight distal projection; right mesal lobe wider. Sheath of the aedeagus curved halfway along length, darkened only on tip.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
72C07D55E408597BB1B4FA94365ECF99.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *. Paratypes: 1 ♀, Chile, Chiloe Is., Dalcahue [42 ° 22 ′ S 73 ° 39 ′ W], 1 / 4 - IV- 1968, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, Chile, Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 10 / 14 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM) *. - Additional material: CHILE. 2 ♂ and 1 [sex unknown], Pucotrihue [40 ° 32 ′ S 73 ° 42 ′ W], 60 m, 10 - III- 1955, Pena (USNM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ and 1 [sex unknown], Llanquihue, Carelmapu [41 ° 44 ′ S 73 ° 40 ′ W], Canal Chacao, 18 - III- 1957, Pena (USNM); 1 [sex unknown], Chiloe Is., Chepu [42 ° 2 ′ S 74 ° 1 ′ W], 8 - II- 1952, Pena (USNM).	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
72C07D55E408597BB1B4FA94365ECF99.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The word Amphineurus triangularis is Latin for " triangular ". This name references the triangular shape of the spur of sheath of aedeagus.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
72C07D55E408597BB1B4FA94365ECF99.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by only a dark spot near R 2 and M 1 + 2 as long as the basal deflection of M 1. Furthermore, this species is characterized by male terminalia with sheath of aedeagus with a triangular spur, tip of both mesal lobes bent horizontally, straightened lateral branch of clasper of gonostylus and cercus uniformly wide and abruptly angled dorsad.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
72C07D55E408597BB1B4FA94365ECF99.taxon	description	Description. Wing length 5.76 mm, width 1.74 mm. - Coloration: General coloration brownish yellow. Rostrum and palpus dark brown. First segment of antenna yellowish brown, remainding segments brown. Head brown. Eye black. Thorax brownish yellow, pleura pale. Scutum with one black stripe. Halter dark yellow with knob yellowish brown. Coxae yellow and legs brown. Abdomen yellowish brown. - Head (dorsal view Fig. 31 B, ventral view Fig. 31 A): Rostrum bifurcated with long appendices; first palpal segment shorter than terminal segment; scape thinner than pedicel; terminal flagellomere longer than penultimate. - Thorax (lateral view Fig. 31 E, dorsal view Fig. 31 F): Division line of laterotergite almost vertical, anatergite as tall as katatergite. Halter with dilated knob. Wing (Fig. 31 D) almost clear of markings, except marking on R 2; veins near fork of bM (Fig. 31 C) faded; M 1 + 2 as long as basal deflection of M 1; R 2 + 3 + 4 longer than R 2 + 3; basal deflection of R 5 shorter than R 2 + 3. - Female terminalia (Fig. 31 H): Female tergite IX shorter, wider than tergite X; cercus bent at right angle. Hypogynial valve slender and longer than cercus. - Male terminalia (Fig. 31 G): Male tergite IX slightly darkened along posterior margin, with wide V-shaped median notch. Ventral branch of gonocoxite slightly sinuous, with concentration of setae on distal tip. Dorsal branch of gonocoxite shorter than half-length of ventral branch, slightly inclined medially. Lobe of gonostylus with rounded lobule; lobule longer than wide, longer than half-length of lobe of gonostylus, narrower than stem. Clasper of gonostylus with differently shaped branches: lateral branch straight; medial branch curved. Mesal lobes of gonocoxite asymmetrical; left mesal lobe curved; right mesal lobe short with sideways projection. Sheath of aedeagus straight with triangular projection, darkened near tip.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
9AA3C8A3056751F0A754D36347DE9153.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Amphineurus can be diagnosed by the following combination of characters: gonocoxite bifid; wing with R 2 + 3 + 4 aligned with R 2 + 3. When there is an element R 4 + 5 (and therefore, no R 2 + 3), members of the genus are distinguished from other Chioneinae by the closed discal cell.	en	Santos, Daubian, Santos, Rodrigo dos Reis, Ribeiro, Guilherme Cunha (2022): Systematics of Amphineurus (Rhamphoneurus Alexander) (Diptera: Tipuloidea: Limoniidae). Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80: 439-494, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e83035
