identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
FA3806F9FD1553389FF1F27382D5F7B5.text	FA3806F9FD1553389FF1F27382D5F7B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Surirella brightwellii W. Smith. Both 1853	<div><p>Surirella brightwellii W. Smith 1853</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 3</p><p>Description.</p><p>LM (Fig. 1). Valve outlines ovate with broadly rounded headpole and cuneate footpole (Fig. 1). Valve dimensions (n = 102): length range 19–56 μm, width range 13–29 μm at its widest region. Costa-stria bundles (CSBs) distinct, alternating with over-fibula ribs (OFRs) from pole to pole (labelled in Fig. 1 F). CSBs parallel at the valve middle, radiate approaching two apices. Fibulae visible, short (judged by OFRs, labelled in Fig. 1 F), 5–7 in 10 μm.</p><p>SEM (Figs 2, 3). Externally, raphe canal located directly on the mantle, and wall of raphe canal hyaline (Fig. 2 A, B), distal raphe endings straight, interrupted at both headpole and footpole (Fig. 2 D, E). Surface costae mostly raised, some reaching valve midline (Fig. 2 C). Each CSB composed of ca. 2–4 costae and 3–5 striae (Fig. 2 F). Outside openings of areolae slit-like or rounded (Fig. 2 D, E). Striae multiseriate, composed of ca. 2–5 rows of areolae (Fig. 2 D, E), 19–22 in 10 μm (measured at the valve margin from SEM images, n = 4). Surface siliceous warts and reticulate thickenings produced on costae and between adjacent two costae, respectively (e. g., Fig. 2 D, E). Internally, wall of raphe canal not growing conspicuously into cell cavity, leaving portulae visible (Fig. 3 A, B). Fibulae slim, short, sometimes doubled (Fig. 3 B, arrows), spanning ca. 1 / 4 of valve width, not extending to valve midline except at two valve poles. Marginal trough-like depressions present around entire raphe canal (Fig. 3 A, black dotted lines). Raphe continuous at headpole (Fig. 3 C, arrow) whereas interrupted at footpole (Fig. 3 D, two arrows). 2–5 portulae produced between two adjacent fibulae (Fig. 3 F, arrows). Inner openings of areolae rounded, not rimmed. Each mantle sinking against a fibula (Fig. 3 E, arrows).</p><p>Ecology and distribution.</p><p>The type localities of Surirella brightwellii are the coasts of Norfolk and Lewes (United Kingdom), and Smith stated that it was a fresh or brackish water species (Smith 1853). According to Krammer and Lange-Bertalot (1987), the syntypes designated by Hoover (1976) originate from a locality in Sussex (a brackish habitat). In this study, Surirella brightwellii was found to be a dominant species in the benthic diatom community in Lake Qinghai. At the sampling point where it was collected near the lakeshore of Lake Qinghai (36°50'34"N, 99°42'39"E, 3210 m asl.) on July 19, 2019, the conductivity was 16.3 ± 0.1 mS · cm – 1, pH was 9.14 ± 0.01, and water temperature was 15.5 ± 0.3 ° C. These data support previous findings that S. brightwellii is a brackish diatom species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA3806F9FD1553389FF1F27382D5F7B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ma, Ya-Lun;Peng, Qiao-Mu;Rioual, Patrick;Liu, Bing;Long, Ji-Yan;Yang, Bin	Ma, Ya-Lun, Peng, Qiao-Mu, Rioual, Patrick, Liu, Bing, Long, Ji-Yan, Yang, Bin (2025): Ultrastructure of three species of Surirella (Bacillariophyta) from Lake Qinghai, China, with descriptions of two new species. PhytoKeys 263: 175-194, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.263.162632
8AFEF91A8EC35508B711C7BA141FE7FA.text	8AFEF91A8EC35508B711C7BA141FE7FA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Surirella ectorii Bing Liu & Rioual 2025	<div><p>Surirella ectorii Bing Liu &amp; Rioual sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 4, 5, 6</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>Specimen circled on slide DIA 2025001 (= Fig. 4 B), deposited in the Herbarium of Jishou University (JIU), China. Registration: http://phycobank.org/105636.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>China. Qinghai Province, Lake Qinghai, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.71083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.842777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.71083/lat 36.842777)">a sampling site near the lakeshore</a>, 36°50'34"N, 99°42'39"E, 3210 m asl., collected by Bing Liu, July 19 th, 2019.</p><p>Description.</p><p>LM (Fig. 4). Valve outlines nearly elliptical with almost isopolar headpole and footpole. Valve dimensions (n = 24): length range 44–69 μm, width range 34–45 μm at its widest region. Costa-stria bundles (CSBs) distinct, alternating with over-fibula ribs (OFRs) from pole to pole (labelled in Fig. 4 E). CSBs radiate throughout the valve surface. Fibulae visible, short (judged by OFRs, labelled in Fig. 4 E), 4–6 in 10 μm. A marginal row of costae produced on the wall of raphe canal (e. g., Fig. 4 B, arrows), 16–18 in 10 μm.</p><p>SEM (Figs 5, 6). Externally, raphe canal located directly on mantle (Fig. 5 A – C), and wall of raphe canal bearing a marginal row of costae (Fig. 5 C, arrows, Fig. 5 F, double-headed arrow). Distal raphe endings straight, interrupted at both headpole and footpole (Fig. 5 D, E). Surface costae mostly slightly raised, some reaching valve midline (Fig. 5 C). Each CSB often composed of ca. 2–5 costae and 3–6 striae (Fig. 5 F). Outside openings of areolae slit-like (Fig. 5 F). Striae multiseriate, composed of ca. 2–5 rows of areolae (Figs 5 F, 6), 15–19 in 10 μm (measured at the valve margin from SEM images, n = 3). Surface siliceous warts and reticulate thickenings produced on costae and between adjacent two costae, respectively (e. g., Fig. 5 D – F). Internally, wall of raphe canal slightly growing into cell cavity, whereas portulae visible (Fig. 6 A, B). Fibulae slim, short, sometimes doubled or tripled (Fig. 6 F, arrows), spanning ca. 1 / 4 of valve width, not extending to valve midline except at two poles. Marginal trough-like depressions present around entire raphe canal (Fig. 6 D, black dotted line). Raphe continuous at headpole (Fig. 6 C, arrow) whereas interrupted at footpole (Fig. 6 D, two arrows). 2–5 portulae produced between two adjacent fibulae (Fig. 6 F, arrows). Inner openings of areolae rounded, not rimmed.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Named after the late diatomist from Luxembourg, Luc Ector (1962–2022), for his dedication to diatom taxonomy and his help with our studies of diatoms in China.</p><p>Vernacular name.</p><p>The Chinese name is “ 埃氏双菱藻 ”.</p><p>Ecology and distribution.</p><p>Surirella ectorii was commonly found on the sediment at the surface of the stones collected in Lake Qinghai but not in large abundance. In the samples it is found in association with S. brightwellii . So far, S. ectorii has only been found in the type locality and may therefore be considered as a brackish diatom endemic to Lake Qinghai.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8AFEF91A8EC35508B711C7BA141FE7FA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ma, Ya-Lun;Peng, Qiao-Mu;Rioual, Patrick;Liu, Bing;Long, Ji-Yan;Yang, Bin	Ma, Ya-Lun, Peng, Qiao-Mu, Rioual, Patrick, Liu, Bing, Long, Ji-Yan, Yang, Bin (2025): Ultrastructure of three species of Surirella (Bacillariophyta) from Lake Qinghai, China, with descriptions of two new species. PhytoKeys 263: 175-194, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.263.162632
73E489B8D4F95F6B96B226FD71670FA7.text	73E489B8D4F95F6B96B226FD71670FA7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Surirella qinghainensis Bing Liu & Rioual 2025	<div><p>Surirella qinghainensis Bing Liu &amp; Rioual sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 7, 8, 9, 10, 11</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>Specimen circled on slide DIA 2025002 (= Fig. 7 B), deposited in the Herbarium of Jishou University (JIU), China. Registration: http://phycobank.org/105637.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>China. Qinghai Province, Lake Qinghai, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.71083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.842777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.71083/lat 36.842777)">a sampling site near the lakeshore</a>, 36°50'34"N, 99°42'39"E, 3210 m asl., collected by Bing Liu, July 19 th, 2019.</p><p>Description.</p><p>LM (Fig. 7). Valve outlines ovate with broadly rounded headpole and cuneate footpole. Valve dimensions (n = 34): length range 38–57 μm, width range 31–50 μm at its widest region. Costa-stria bundles (CSBs) distinct, alternating with over-fibula ribs (OFRs) from pole to pole (labelled in Fig. 7 E). CSBs radiate throughout valve surface. Fibulae visible, short (judged by OFRs, labelled in Fig. 7 E), 4–6 in 10 μm. A marginal row of costae produced on the wall of raphe canal (e. g., Fig. 7 B, arrows), 16–18 in 10 μm.</p><p>SEM (Figs 8 – 11). Externally, raphe canal located directly on mantle (Fig. 8 A, B), and wall of raphe canal bearing a marginal row of costae (Fig. 8 B, arrows; Fig. 8 E, double-headed arrows). Valve surface presents three differentiable areas (labelled A 1, A 2, and A 3 in Fig. 8 B). Distal raphe endings straight, interrupted at both headpole and footpole (Fig. 8 C, D). Surface costae mostly slightly raised, not reaching valve midline except at two poles (Fig. 8 A, B). Each CSB often composed of ca. 2–4 costae and 3–5 striae (Fig. 8 F). Outside openings of areolae slit-like (Fig. 8 D). Striae multiseriate (sometimes becoming uniseriate at valve middle, Fig. 9 A, D), composed of ca. 2–5 rows of areolae (Figs 8 D, 9, 10), 16–20 in 10 μm (measured at the valve margin from SEM images, n = 3). Surface siliceous warts and reticulate thickenings produced on costae and between adjacent two costae, respectively (Fig. 8 A-F). Each mantle sinking corresponding to each over-fibula rib (Fig. 9 C, arrows). Internally, wall of raphe canal not growing conspicuously into cell cavity, leaving portulae visible (Fig. 10). Fibulae slim, much shorter, spanning ca. 1 / 8 of valve width, far away from valve midline except at two poles. Marginal trough-like depressions present around entire raphe canal (Fig. 10). Raphe continuous at headpole (Fig. 10 C, arrow) whereas interrupted at footpole (Fig. 10 B, two arrows). 2–4 portulae produced between two adjacent fibulae (Fig. 10 E, F, arrows). Inner openings of areolae rounded, rimmed (Fig. 10 B – F).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Named after Lake Qinghai, where this species was found.</p><p>Vernacular name.</p><p>The Chinese name is “ 青海湖双菱藻 ”.</p><p>Ecology and distribution.</p><p>Surirella qinghainensis was commonly found in the surface sediment on the surface of the stones collected in Lake Qinghai with S. brightwellii and S. ectorii . It is more frequent than S. ectorii but less than S. brightwellii . So far, S. qinghainensis has only been found in the type locality and can be considered a brackish diatom species endemic to Lake Qinghai.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/73E489B8D4F95F6B96B226FD71670FA7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ma, Ya-Lun;Peng, Qiao-Mu;Rioual, Patrick;Liu, Bing;Long, Ji-Yan;Yang, Bin	Ma, Ya-Lun, Peng, Qiao-Mu, Rioual, Patrick, Liu, Bing, Long, Ji-Yan, Yang, Bin (2025): Ultrastructure of three species of Surirella (Bacillariophyta) from Lake Qinghai, China, with descriptions of two new species. PhytoKeys 263: 175-194, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.263.162632
