identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
C407CF27FFB06052E793FB1FFBE5FD00.text	C407CF27FFB06052E793FB1FFBE5FD00.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eperua cerradoensis E. A. Fortes, G. S. da Silva & Mansano 2023	<div><p>Eperua cerradoensis E.A. Fortes, G.S. da Silva &amp; Mansano sp. nov (Figs. 2–5)</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.06278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.5383334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.06278/lat -4.5383334)">Maranh</a> „o, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.06278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.5383334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.06278/lat -4.5383334)">Caxias</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.06278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.5383334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.06278/lat -4.5383334)">Povoado Morro Agudo</a>, Segundo Distrito, rio Itapecuru, área rural, 4°32’18”S 43°03’46”W, 24 March 2022, Gonçalves A . S . 02 (holotype RB [01458708]!, isotypes INPA!, UEC!, US!)</p><p>Diagnosis:— Eperua cerradoensis has short and erect inflorescences, non-tubular corollas, and exserted stamens. It differs from species with the same type of inflorescence, corolla and stamen by the combination (see Table 1): joined stipules, inconspicuous pellucidpunctate to epunctate leaflets, revolute margins, main vein depressed on the adaxial surface, larger and persistent bracteoles, short and erect inflorescences, stamens joined basally in a tube, glabrous sheath, tomentose ovary, tomentose fruits with alate dorsal margins.</p><p>Tree or treelet (1.6–) 3.5–11.5 m tall. Trunk 10.0– 15.7 cm in diameter, bark grayish to brownish, smooth to striate, lenticellate. Stipules 15.1–40.9 × 11.8–22.7 mm, joined, foliaceous, semiorbicular, persistent. Leaves (4–)5–7jugate, glabrous; petioles 2.0– 3.8 cm long; rachis 15.0–24.0 cm long; petiolules 5.3–8.4 mm long; blades 7.5–14.1 × 3.5–5.2 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, inconspicuous pellucid-punctate to epunctate, not discolorous, equilateral, lower pair ovate, middle pair ovate to elliptic, upper pair elliptic, apex attenuate to acuminate, mucronate, base asymmetrical, lower pair base rounded, middle pair base rounded to obtuse, upper pair base rounded to obtuse, margin revolute, secondary venation with two intramarginal veins, vein closer to the margin not continuous, main vein straight, depressed on the adaxial surface, tertiary veins slightly conspicuous. Inflorescences terminal, raceme, erect, tomentose, whitish, 10.0– 20.0 cm long; bracts 8.4 × 4.8 mm, ovate, cucullate, apex gland absent, tomentose, whitish, caducous; bracteoles 9.8– 12.7 × 6.5–9.8 mm, ovate, cucullate, apex gland absent, tomentose externally and within, whitish, persistent, attached to the lower portion of the pedicels; pedicel 18.0– 24.4 mm long, 3.0– 4.8 mm in diameter, not twisted, tomentose, whitish; buds 1.3–1.5 cm long, 1.0 cm in diameter, tomentose, whitish. Flowers: hypanthium 5.5–7.8 mm long, 7.7– 10.6 mm in diameter, cup-shaped, equilateral, tomentose, whitish; sepal 2.3–2.9 × 1.3–1.7 cm, elliptic, unequal, the outer ones larger, cucullate, apex gland absent, greenish-white, tomentose, inner sepals scarious marginally, whitish; adaxial petal 2.3–3.3 × 5.5–6.5 cm, oblate, non-tubular, apex rounded, base truncate, white, glabrous; petalodia 2.7–8.8 × 1.1–3.0 mm; stamens exserted, joined basally in a tube, longer filaments 6.0 cm long, shorter filaments 5.1 cm long, tube equilateral, 2.8–3.4 mm long, glabrous, anthers 10.8–12.4 × 2.6–2.9 mm, rectangular; ovary 9.6–13.0 × 3.3–3.7 mm, oblanceolate, tomentose, greenish, stipe 5.8–10.5 mm long, tomentose, style 2.7–4.9 cm long, glabrous, stigma capitate. Legumes 22.0 × 7.0 cm, stipe 2.6 cm long, elliptic-falcate, apex obtuse, apiculate, dorsal margin alate, yellowish-green, veins absent, tomentose, yellowish. Seeds 4 per fruit, 3.2 × 2.0 cm (immature), obovate, whitishbrown.</p><p>Phenology:— Flowers in March and September; fruits in September. Flowering probably starts in the rainy season (February-March) and end at the beginning of the dry season (September). The fruits collected in September were not completely mature and, thus, mature fruits are expected by the end of the dry season (October-November).</p><p>Distribution:—It has a disjoint distribution in the Eastern region of the state of Maranh„o (Brazil) in the Itapecuru and Munin Basins, which are separated from the Amazon Basin by many other basins.</p><p>Habitat:— It is the only species that does not occur in the Amazon Biome. Eperua cerradoensis was collected in the Cerrado Biome, in the phytofisiognomies of “ cerrad„o”, secondary forest, ombrophilous lowland forest with a predominance of palm trees, and in open ombrophilous forest, on stony clayey soil, from 57 to 91 m elev. Eperua cerradoensis is a common tree on its area of occurrence.</p><p>Occurrence in protected areas: —Unknown.</p><p>Etymology:— The specific epithet alludes to its occurrence in the Cerrado Biome.</p><p>Vernacular names:— Embira de sapo ( Almeida A.B. 134), imbira de sapo ( Almeida A.B. 152), pitu (Oliveira D. 66), pracateira (Marinho M.A.O. 606, 629, Santos R.S. 296).</p><p>Uses:— In the type locality, Povoado Morro Agudo, it is mainly used to make charcoal and fences, and eventually in house construction but this is not a common usage because the local population reported that the plant is very favorable to wood-dwelling termites.</p><p>Taxonomic notes:— Besides the collections in the type locality, other sterile collections were found at UB. They match the diagnostic characteristics of E. cerradoensis by the foliaceous and joined stipules, (4–)5-jugate leaves, and equilateral leaflets ranging from ovate (lower and middle pairs) to elliptic (middle and upper pairs) in shape with attenuate to acuminate apex and main vein depressed on the adaxial surface.</p><p>Eperua cerradoensis, E. duckeana and E. schomburgkiana Bentham (1870: 226) are a differentiated group in the genus, presenting short and erect inflorescences, non-tubular corollas, and exserted stamens. Besides that, E. cerradoensis shares white petals with the two species above and a tomentose ovary with E. duckena . Eperua cerradoensis differs from the two species by many vegetative and floral characteristics summarized in Table 1.</p><p>Specimens examined (Paratypes):— BRAZIL. Maranhão, Caxias, Povoado Morro Agudo, Segundo Distrito, área rural, 4°32’18.2”S 43°03’45.5”W, 18 September 2020, Gonçalves A.S. 01 (IAN [201061]!, HABIT [collection number 4283]!). Chapadinha, Cajazeiras, conglomerado MA-255, subunidade 1, subparcela 5, indivíduo 16, F6, 60 m elev., 3°46’48”S 43°33’36”W, 30 May 2018, Marinho M.A.O. 606 (UB [0120836] image!); Cajazeiras, conglomerado MA-255, subunidade 3, subparcela 10, indivíduo 11, F8, 60 m elev., 3°46’48”S 43°33’36”W, 30 May 2018, Marinho M.A.O. 629 (UB[0120833] image!). Nina Rodrigues, Mangueira, conglomerado MA-202, subunidade 1, subparcela 1, indivíduo 4, F6, 57 m elev., 3°25’12”S 43°44’24.1”W, 05 September 2018, Almeida A.B. 134 (UB[0120838] image!); Mangueira, conglomerado MA-202, subunidade 3, subparcela 10, indivíduo 13, F8, 57 m elev., 3°25’12”S 43°44’24”W, 05 September 2018, Almeida A.B. 152 (UB[0120837] image!). Timbiras, comunidade Morada Nova, conglomerado MA-305, subunidade 2, subparcela 1, indivíduo 10, F6, 94 m elev., 4°8’24”S 43°44’24”W, 02 May 2018, Oliveira D. 66 (UB[0120834] image!); Bacabalzinho, conglomerado MA-304, subunidade 3, subparcela 1, indivíduo 10, F8, 91 m elev., 4°08’24”S 43°55’12”W, 28 March 2017, Santos R.S. 296 (UB[0120835] image!).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C407CF27FFB06052E793FB1FFBE5FD00	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Fortes, Elenice A.;Da Silva, Guilherme S.;Mansano, Vidal F.	Fortes, Elenice A., Da Silva, Guilherme S., Mansano, Vidal F. (2023): Two new species of Eperua (Leguminosae, Detarioideae, Detarieae) from the Amazon and Cerrado Biomes discovered in a botanical garden and a backyard. Phytotaxa 591 (3): 196-208, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.591.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.591.3.2
C407CF27FFBB6051E793FCA8FEACFCB0.text	C407CF27FFBB6051E793FCA8FEACFCB0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eperua manausensis E. A. Fortes & Mansano 2023	<div><p>Eperua manausensis E.A. Fortes &amp; Mansano sp. nov. (Figs. 2, 6, 7)</p><p>Type:— BRAZIL. Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, trilha do Jardim Botânico MUSA , planta marcada JBN 634, 08 June 2017, Cabral F. N . et al. 1561 (holotype INPA [0284318]!, isotype RB [01459755]!) .</p><p>Diagnosis:— Eperua manausensis has short and erect inflorescences, tubular corollas, and inserted stamens. It differs from species with the same type of inflorescence, corolla, and stamen by the combination: 2–3-jugate leaves, cordate to subcordate leaflet base, two intramarginal veins, vein closer to the margin continuous, tomentose inflorescences, caducous bracteoles attached to the lower middle portion of the pedicels, tomentose stamen sheath, densely tomentose to villous ovary, and puberulous fruit.</p><p>Tree 20.0 m tall. Trunk 38.0 cm in diameter, bark brownish, lenticellate. Stipules 1.8–1.9 × 0.8–1.4 mm, free, nonfoliaceous, ovate to lanceolate, caducous. Leaves 2–3jugate, glabrous; petioles 0.6–2.9 cm long; rachis 3.5–14.6 cm long; petiolules 6.2–9.1 mm long; blades 5.3–12.8 × 3.5–6.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, inconspicuous pellucid-punctate to pellucid-punctate, discolorous, equilateral, lower pair ovate, middle pair elliptic, upper pair elliptic, apex attenuate to acuminate, base symmetrical, lower pair base subcordate to cordate, middle pair base subcordate to rounded, upper pair base subcordate, rounded to obtuse, margin revolute to flat at the apex, secondary venation with two intramarginal veins, vein closer to the margin continuous, main vein straight, prominent only near the base on the adaxial surface, tertiary veins conspicuous. Inflorescences axillary, panicle, erect, tomentose, brownish-yellow, 4.6–8.9 cm long, lateral racemes 2.1–3.4 cm long, alternate and distichous; bracts not seen, caducous; bracteoles 4.9–5.0 × 3.0– 3.2 mm, ovate, apex gland present, tomentose externally, pubescent to tomentose within, brownish-yellow, caducous, attached to the lower middle portion of the pedicel; pedicel 17.5–18.9 mm long, 1.0 mm in diameter, not twisted, tomentose, brownish-yellow; buds 0.7 cm long, 0.4 cm in diameter, tomentose, brownish-yellow. Flowers: hypanthium 3.8 mm long, 2.8 mm in diameter, cup-shaped, equilateral, tomentose, brownish-yellow; sepal 1.6 × 0.5 cm, oblong to elliptic, unequal, the dorsal one larger, cucullate, apex gland absent, pink, tomentose, scarious marginally, brownish-yellow; adaxial petal 3.8 × 4.7 cm, flabellate, tubular, apex rounded, base attenuate, pink to purple, glabrous; petalodia not seen; stamens inserted, joined basally in a diadelphous sheath, dorsal one free, longer filaments 3.1 cm long, shorter filaments 2.0 cm long, sheath inequilateral, shorter side 6.5 mm long, longer side 8.0 mm long, sheath tomentose, brownish-yellow, free filaments glabrous, anther 2.2 × 0.8 mm, rectangular; ovary 7.1 × 3.7 mm, obovate, densely tomentose to villous, brownish-yellow, stipe tomentose, style 4.0? cm long, glabrous, stigma capitate. Legumes 11.3– 15.9 × 7.7–8.3 cm, stipe 0.9–1.4 mm long, obovate to irregularly elliptic, apex obtuse, apiculate, dorsal margin slightly thickened, brownish-red, with inconspicuous transversal veins, puberulous to puberulent, brownish. Seeds 1–2 per fruit.</p><p>Phenology:— Flowers in June; fruits in January and June.</p><p>Distribution:— It is known from only one specimen collected twice (2017 and 2022) in Musa. This botanical garden has trails, museums, and exhibitions for educational and recreational purposes, but scientific research is also conducted in the area because the garden encompasses native “terra firme” forest vegetation (100 hectares) of the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve.</p><p>Habitat:— It was collected in “terra firme” forest at 114 m elev. The “terra firme” forest is located at the highest elevations of the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, in well-drained clayey, nutrient-poor soils (Ribeiro et al. 1999). Eperua manausensis is sympatric with E. duckeana and E. glabriflora, which are very common in the type locality.</p><p>Occurrence in protected areas:— It occurs in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve (Brazil, Amazonas).</p><p>Etymology:— The specific epithet alludes its discovery in Manaus (Brazil, Amazonas).</p><p>Vernacular names:— Unknown.</p><p>Uses:— Unknown.</p><p>Taxonomic notes:— Eperua manausensis is most similar to E. grandiflora (Aublet 1775: 757) Baillon (1870: 110) subsp. guyanensis R.S. Cowan (1975: 34), with which it shares the non-glabrous inflorescence, stamen sheath, and ovary; indeed, no other species with short and erect inflorescences share this combination (see Table 2). Eperua manausensis differs from E. grandiflora subsp. guyanensis mainly by the tomentose inflorescence (vs. pubescent, puberulous to glabrescent in E. grandiflora subsp. guyanensis), larger (4.9–5.0 × 3.0– 3.2 mm) and caducous bracteoles attached to the lower middle portion of the pedicel (vs. smaller (1.9–3.0 × 1.5–3.4 mm) and persistent, attached at the base of the hypanthium in E. grandiflora subsp. guyanensis), tomentose pedicel, hypanthium, and sheath (vs. pubescent, puberulous to glabrescent in E. grandiflora subsp. guyanensis), and densely tomentose to villous ovary (vs. sericeous in E. grandiflora subsp. guyanensis).</p><p>Specimens examined (Paratypes):— BRAZIL. Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-59.93964&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.006361" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -59.93964/lat -3.006361)">Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke</a>, MUSA, planta marcada JBN 634 ao lado direito da Casa-Oficina, à 20 m da trilha Branca, 114 m elev., 3°0’22.9”S 59°56’22.7”W, 27 January 2022, Fortes E.A. &amp; Viana G.P. 194b (HUEFS!, IAN!, INPA!, MG!, NY!, RB [01458706]!, UEC!, US!).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C407CF27FFBB6051E793FCA8FEACFCB0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Fortes, Elenice A.;Da Silva, Guilherme S.;Mansano, Vidal F.	Fortes, Elenice A., Da Silva, Guilherme S., Mansano, Vidal F. (2023): Two new species of Eperua (Leguminosae, Detarioideae, Detarieae) from the Amazon and Cerrado Biomes discovered in a botanical garden and a backyard. Phytotaxa 591 (3): 196-208, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.591.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.591.3.2
