taxonID	type	description	language	source
CB5887FAFFA9FFA4FF46AEF3FAF3B3A2.taxon	description	Propicimex tucmatiani was found in the well-known bat colony of Tadarida brasiliensis (I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1824) (Molossidae) colonizing the building of the Law Faculty of the National University of Rosario (Romano et al. 1999, 2013; Bolatti et al. 2020). This is the first record of Propicimex tucmatiani for the Argentinian Province of Santa Fe; it was previously known from Province of Salta (Santa Victoria Este), and for Province of Tucumán (El Chorrillo, Tacanas and Trancas) (Coscarón 2017). The bat colony in concern, currently a population of about 30,000 females and their pups (Montani et al. 2015), inhabits seasonally the attic of the building, which has a metal roof over a wooden framework (Fig. 1). The walls are mainly made of bricks. The bats formed two main groups (roosts) in different parts of the building. Young bats roost in specific nursery areas in which females and young bats occurred in separate clusters but close to each other (Montani, unpubl. data) (Fig. 2). Remarkably, the temperature under the roof can reach 50 – 55 ° C on hot summer days (Montani, personal observation). Cimicidae cannot tolerate such high ambient temperatures — an approach used in cimicid pest control (e. g., Rukke et al. 2015). This might explain that the only two specimens of P. tucmatiani were found close to openings in the roof with fresh air circulation. Within a 90 min of intensive search (45 min for each roost) and by checking spider webs we were unable to find additional individuals of bedbugs. Di Iorio (2012) visited the colony in 2012 without finding any Cimicidae. The population size of P. tucmatiani at this locality seems to be small. A second record of P. tucmatiani is from the INTA Delta Station (Campana, Buenos Aires) (Figs. 3 – 5). Here the species was recorded for the first time in 1979 under the roof, likely on T. brasiliensis (Di Iorio 2012). We found P. tucmatiani in a basement of a different building at the same site. We collected in total 12 specimens associated with a small bat colony of Eptesicus brasiliensis (Desmarest 1819, Vespertilionidae), (personal communication by INTA staff). Most of the bats (<30 individuals, including young ones) were hiding in broken ceiling bricks. During a search for one hour by two persons (SR & SH), nine individuals were found on old wood (e. g., pallets); additional three were captured on the walls but none of them close to the bat roosting places. Notably, Péricart (1972) assumed for Cimex lectularius a preference for woody over stony hiding places. The presence of nymphs in July (Di Iorio 2012) and in December (present study) indicates that reproduction may not be strictly seasonal. Di Benedetto et al. (2017) published a new record of P. tucmatiani from Province of Corrientes in Argentina. The images of a slide-mounted individual provided in the publication is a female whose species level identity is not easy to assess (uncertainty confirmed by experts: Klaus Reinhardt, Dresden, and Diego Carpintero, Buenos Aires); the shape of the pronotum is closer to Propicimex limai (Pinto 1927) but the abdominal tergites and the spermalege resemble more to the condition found in P. tucmatiani (see Usinger 1966). Since it cannot be excluded that it represents an undescribed species (Carpintero, personal communication), further investigations of this specimen and the colony would be desirable. Here we present DNA barcoding sequences of P. tucmatiani for the first time (Table 1), which could be used as a basis for species identification and limitation within the genus Propicimex (Usinger 1966) in further studies.	en	Roth, Steffen, Hahn, Steffen, Montani, María Eugenia, Coscarón, María Del Carmen (2023): Contribution to the Cimicidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) fauna from Argentina: biology and geographical distribution. Zootaxa 5323 (4): 587-594, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.9, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
CB5887FAFFACFFA4FF46A9E9FB8BB656.taxon	description	Four individuals (two nymphs of first instar, one nymph of second instar, and one of third instar) were collected in the living room of a flat in La Plata (Province of Buenos Aires) and delivered to the Museo de La Plata in 2017. According to the information given by the affected persons the bugs were attacking an inhabitant sitting on a chair near a window and sucked (or attempted to suck) blood. No information is available about possible hosts of the bugs or nearby nests of breeding birds. The nymphs were identified as A. furnarii based on the characters described and illustrated by Usinger (1966). Even if Di Iorio et al. (2010) claimed that the characters provided by Usinger (1966) are unsatisfactory to distinguish adults of the genera Acanthocrios and Ornithocoris, following Usinger’s key for nymphs the identification of our material was unequivocal. Unfortunately, a DNA barcode analysis failed to confirm our species identification. Cimicidae living on bats and birds have regularly been reported to attack humans in houses harbouring bat roosts or bird nests (Kolb et al., 2009). The first record of A. furnarii attacking humans confirms this and is no surprise considering the species ecology. A. furnarii, is a widespread species using different bird species as hosts, among them species commonly breeding in urban areas, such as the Argentine goldfinch (Sicalis flaveola pelzelni Sclater, 1872) (Thraupidae), the house wren (Troglodytes aedon Vieillot, 1809) (Troglodytidae), or the house sparrow (Passer domesticus Linnaeus, 1758) (Passeridae) (Di Iorio et al., 2013).	en	Roth, Steffen, Hahn, Steffen, Montani, María Eugenia, Coscarón, María Del Carmen (2023): Contribution to the Cimicidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) fauna from Argentina: biology and geographical distribution. Zootaxa 5323 (4): 587-594, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.9, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
CB5887FAFFACFFA4FF46ACBCFEC7B542.taxon	description	Bertilia valdiviana is one of the most puzzling cimicid species for several reasons (but see Coetzee & Segerman 1992 for a similar case). First, the latest record of the species is 72 years old (Wygodzinsky 1951). Second, its host is unknown (Usinger 1966). Third, its reported habitats are highly unusual for any other cimicid species. Usinger (1966: 305), referring to “ Philippi and Ross and Michelbacher ” and “ Wygodzinsky and Kuschel ”, reported that the species occurs “ under bark ” and “ under stones ”. In an attempt to find the species, we (SR & SH) visited the locality where Wygodzinsky collected material which served as the basis of the only comprehensive redescription of the species (Wygodzinsky 1951; Usinger 1966): the El Tre ́ bol Lagoon, west of San Carlos de Bariloche, Ri ́ o Negro (41.065 S, 71.495 ° W), in December 2018. A search under the bark of about 40 standing or laying trunks of Nothofagus sp. (Nothofagaceae) yielded no specimens. Wygodzinsky (1951) also reported specimens from under stones at the foot of a rock formation and assumed that the species is associated with a bat host, because bat fecal pellets were found. This information was not mentioned by Usinger (1966), or the occurrence under rocks was mistranslated (from Spanish “ roca ”, Wygodzinsky 1951: 193) into occurrence under stones. We were able to locate the very rock formation (Fig. 6), found bat fecal pellets and a dead bat, but a 4 man-hours search did not result in any cimicid specimen. Nevertheless, based on the information provided by Wygodzinsky (1951) and on our inspection, an association of B. valdiviana to bats is very likely, and it is in accordance with the host preference of most other related cimicid species (Usinger 1966; Roth et al. 2019). We think this information is useful for further studies on this rare species.	en	Roth, Steffen, Hahn, Steffen, Montani, María Eugenia, Coscarón, María Del Carmen (2023): Contribution to the Cimicidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) fauna from Argentina: biology and geographical distribution. Zootaxa 5323 (4): 587-594, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.9, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
CB5887FAFFADFFA5FF46A880FD62B656.taxon	description	The bedbug C. patagonicus was recognized as a separate species only a few years ago and is known as a parasite of the rock parakeets (Cyanoliseus patagonus (Vieillot, 1818), Psittacidae) (Di Iorio et al. 2010). In December 2018 we (SR and SH) visited the El Condor rock parakeet colony (Province of Río Negro), the largest parrot colony in the world (Masello et al. 2008), in search for C. patagonicus. An approximately 15 – 20 meter long strip of the rock face from the beach floor to a height of about 1.80 m was carefully examined at two different localities (Table 1), resulting in 167 specimens of bugs, including some dead ones (Table 1). The sex ratio (male / female) of adults was close to 1: 1 (0.49: 0.51), and about 15 % of the collected individuals were nymphs, including all instars (see Carpintero et al. 2011, for similar data for other Haematosiphoninae species). We found numerous dead and living bugs at the foot or on small rock ledges of the steep slope of the parakeet colony; most of them under a stone on a ledge at a height of about 1.20 m (locality 1, see Table 1). At locality 2 (Table 1) we recorded many ground beetles and spiders, the latter were observed hunting bedbugs. It was already suspected (but not directly observed) that bugs escape from the zone with predators upwards on the walls, try to hide under stones, or may only move at night (Bressa et al. 2021). Juan Masello (in litt.) refers to special hiding places for Cyanolicimex bugs at the El Condor colony. Bressa et al. (2021) reported that bedbugs burrow quickly in the sand, a very unusual behaviour, given that exposure to sand often elicits the alarm pheromone in C. lectularius (Levinson et al., 1974). In general, it is unclear whether the bedbugs stay in the breeding caves of parakeets after their bloodmeal. Di Iorio et al. (2010), Bressa et al. (2021) and Juan Masello (in litt.) reported that the bugs reside outside the breeding chambers in crevices in the rock. However, Masello (in litt.) also collected individual bugs in the parakeets’ breeding chambers, and pointed out that the birds tend to throw out the bugs during expanding and cleaning of their breeding chambers. Judging from experiences with both body volume and dark colour of the abdomen after blood sucking in Cimicidae (Hase 1917, Reinhardt et al. 2007, Reinhardt et al. 2010), many of the collected living individuals of C. patagonicus (62.5 % at locality 1 and 30 % at locality 2) appeared to have sucked blood (64.1 % of females, 19.0 % of males, 50 % of fifth instar, 73.8 % of third and fourth instar, and 80 % of first and second instar nymphs) (Table 1). It remains unclear to what extent their development is synchronized with the reproductive cycle of the parakeets, which had not yet started breeding in December 2018.	en	Roth, Steffen, Hahn, Steffen, Montani, María Eugenia, Coscarón, María Del Carmen (2023): Contribution to the Cimicidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) fauna from Argentina: biology and geographical distribution. Zootaxa 5323 (4): 587-594, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.9, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
