identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
07C02AD234665ECA8A73F5BFE91418D7.text	07C02AD234665ECA8A73F5BFE91418D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mallocybe pakistanica Saba & Khalid 2023	<div><p>Mallocybe pakistanica Saba &amp; Khalid sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2, 3</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Most similar to Mallocybe myriadophylla described from north-western Europe, but differs by the absence of a crowded lamellae, different pileal colouration and somewhat larger basidiospores. Phylogenetically separated from other species of Mallocybe due to unique ITS and LSU sequences.</p><p>Types</p><p>. Holotype: PAKISTAN, Prov. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mansehra, Chattar Plain, under Pinus wallichiana A. B. Jacks., 22 September 2013, leg. M. Saba &amp; A.N. Khalid; MSM#0061 (ISL-F002); GenBank accession nos. OK360951 (ITS), OK392118 (nrLSU). Paratype: Pakistan, Prov. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mansehra, Chattar Plain, under Pinus wallichiana, 2 September 2015, leg. M. Saba &amp; A.N. Khalid; MSM#00132 (ISL-F003); GenBank accession nos. OK360952 (ITS), OK392119 (nrLSU). Sep 2021, MSM#0201, (ISL-F004); GenBank accession nos. OK360953 (ITS), OK392120 (nrLSU).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Referring to the country where it was discovered.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Pileus 19-24 mm diam., plane; margin deflexed in mature basidiomata, not splitting; surface dull, scaly, floccose, light brown (7.5YR6/4) or pale yellowish-brown (10YR7/4). Lamellae adnexed, subdistant, margin entire, regular, concolorous, moderate brown (7.5YR3/4) or strong brown (5YR4/6), one to two tiers of lamellulae or variable. Stipe 31-35 mm, central, equal, floccose, pale yellowish-brown (5YR8/8) or pale yellow (2.5Y9/4), cortina zone not seen; annulus absent. Context pale brown, tough, up to 2 mm thick. Odour not distinctive, somewhat fungoid. Taste not recorded.</p><p>Basidiospores 7.4-13.2 × 5-6.6 µm [x = 10.8 × 5.9 µm, Q = 1.3-2.2], ellipsoid, ovoid, thin-walled, pale brown with yellowish contents in KOH. Basidia with yellowish necropigment, 25.7-36 × 6.8-10.3 µm, clavate, usually four-spored, thin-walled, hyaline in KOH; sterigmata 3.6-5.3 µm . Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia 14.8-31 × 9-15.8 µm, cylindrical, hyaline, in chains. Caulocystidia 38-43.6 × 5.5-7.0 µm, hyphal, yellowish-brown in KOH with clamp connections at base, thin-walled, abundant at the apex of stipe. Pileipellis hyphae cylindrical, pale brown in mass in KOH, 5-12 µm, thin-walled. Stipitipellis hyphae cylindrical, 6-10 µm, yellowish or olivaceous in KOH. All structures inamyloid. Clamp connections present.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Occurring in September, solitary, scattered on the forest floor in stands of Pinus wallichiana ( Pinaceae).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>Currently known from Western Himalayas, Pakistan.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Mallocybe pakistanica can be characterised by small to medium-sized basidiomata, pale yellowish-brown or light brown pileus, ellipsoid basidiospores and catenate cheilocystidia (in chains). Based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1), conducted using the combined dataset ITS+LSU, indicate that the closet taxon is Mallocybe sp. BK 6-June-97-24 (MN178541) which is not yet published (Personal communications with P. Brandon Matheny). Mallocybe myriadophylla (Vauras &amp; E. Larss.) Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav. is another closely related taxon which can be differentiated by different colouration of the pileus (when young pale brownish-grey, then grey brown, pale brown to brown, centre often darkest yellow-brown), presence of crowded lamellae and somewhat smaller phaseoliform basidiospores ((7.3-) 7.9-9.6 (-10.6) × (4.5-) 4.7-5.5 (-5.7) μm) (Vauras and Larsson 2011).</p><p>Another closely-related species in the adjacent clade is Mallocybe tomentosula Matheny &amp; Esteve-Rav., in Matheny, Hobbs &amp; Esteve-Raventós which morphologically can be differentiated by the presence of a superior cortinate ring-zone, slightly smaller size of basidiospores and by its occurrence in eastern North America. Both ML and MP phylogenetic analyses also clearly support the identity of this new taxon as independent monophyletic clade.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/07C02AD234665ECA8A73F5BFE91418D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Saba, Malka;Khalid, Abdul Nasir;Sarwar, Samina	Saba, Malka, Khalid, Abdul Nasir, Sarwar, Samina (2023): New species of Mallocybe (Agaricales, Inocybaceae) from Pakistan, based on morphological. MycoKeys 99: 171-186, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.99.86844, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.99.86844
2AF83078667354FD97B458064C616930.text	2AF83078667354FD97B458064C616930.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mallocybe pinicola Saba & Khalid 2023	<div><p>Mallocybe pinicola Saba &amp; Khalid sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2, 4</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Most similar to M. siciliana and M. subtomentosa, but differs by the combination of pileal colour, absence of umbo, size of basidiospores, pyriform to broadly clavate, catenate cheilocystidia and an ecological association with Pines. Phylogenetically separated from other species of Mallocybe due to unique ITS and LSU sequences.</p><p>Types.</p><p>Holotype: PAKISTAN, Prov. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mansehra, Chattar Plain, under Pinus wallichiana, 22 September 2013, leg. M. Saba &amp; A.N. Khalid; MSM#0060, (ISL-F005); GenBank accession nos. OK360954 (ITS), OK392121 (nrLSU). Paratype: Paratype: Pakistan, Prov. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mansehra, Chattar Plain, under Pinus wallichiana, 2 September 2015 leg. M. Saba &amp; A.N. Khalid; MSM#00131(ISL-F006); GenBank accession nos. OK360955 (ITS), OK392122 (nrLSU). Sep 2021, MSM#0200, (ISL-F007); GenBank accession nos. OK360956 (ITS), OK392123 (nrLSU).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Referring to its exclusive association with Pinus .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Pileus 24.9-27 mm diam., plan with slight depression in centre; margin straight or flaring, not splitting; surface dull, scaly, light orange (5YR8/8) or ochre-yellowish, central disc brownish-orange (5YR5/8). Lamellae adnexed, subdistant, margin eroded, strong brown (5YR4/6) or (5YR4/8). Stipe 31-35.6 mm, central, equal, floccose or pruinose near base, light orange (5YR8/8) or moderate orange (5YR7/8), cortina zone present; annulus absent. Context pale yellow to pale brown, tough, up to 3 mm thick. Odour faint not strong. Taste not recorded.</p><p>Basidiospores (6.8-) 7.5-11 × 5-7 µm [x = 9.5 × 6.0 µm, Q = 1.1-1.8], ovoid, ellipsoid or phaseoliform, thin-walled, pale brown or golden brown in KOH. Basidia with yellowish necropigment, 27-42.4 × (5.4-) 8-12 µm, clavate, attenuated below, two to four-spored, thin-walled, hyaline in KOH; sterigmata 2.8-5.6 µm . Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia 11.8-36.5 × 11-15 µm, hyaline, pyriform to broadly clavate, in chains. Caulocystidia 22-70 × (6.3-) 7.7-14 µm, hyphal, yellowish-brown in KOH with clamp connections at base, thin-walled. Pileipellis hyphae cylindrical, hyaline singly or pale brown in mass in KOH, 5-11.3 µm, thin-walled, pileal hyphal endings 23.6-70 × 7.7-13 µm . Stipitipellis hyphae cylindrical, 5-10 µm, yellowish or olivaceous in KOH. All structures inamyloid. Clamp connections present.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Occurring in September, solitary, scattered on the forest floor in stands of Pinus wallichiana ( Pinaceae).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>Currently known from Western Himalayas, Pakistan.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Mallocybe pinicola is characterised by light orange or ochre-yellowish, medium-sized pileus, absence of umbo, ovoid, ellipsoid or phaseoliform basidiospores, pyriform to broadly clavate, catenate cheilocystidia and its distribution in pine (conifer) forests. Based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1), constructed using the combined dataset of ITS and LSU, M. pinicola clustered with M. siciliana and M. subtomentosa . M. siciliana was originally described from Europe (Italy) by Brugaletta et al. (2017). It is similar to M. siciliana in having similar colour and size of pileus. However, it can be differentiated from M. siciliana by the entire absence of umbo and presence of larger basidiospores ((6.8-) 7.5-11 × 5-7 µm vs. 6.7-9 × 4.4-5.7 µm). Moreover, Mallocybe siciliana is described from forests having Salix species ( S. pedicellata and S. alba), Platunus orientalis, Tamarix gallica and Hypericum hircium, while M. pinnata has been described from pure pine ( Pinus wallichiana) forests.</p><p>Another closely-related taxa is Mallocybe subtomentosa which was originally described from the United States of America ( Rouse’s Point). It resembles M. pinicola in having the entire absence of umbo, nearly similar spore size and shape of basidiospores (8-10 × 5-6 μm and ellipsoid basidiospores in M. subtomentosa). However, the presence of dark brown and minutely hairy to tomentose pileus, absence of cystidia and gregarious or subcaespitose habit in M. subtomentosa make the present species distinct from latter (Massee 1904).</p><p>Moreover, phylogenetic analysis (ML and MP), conducted using combined dataset of ITS + LSU, showed the clear separation of our species from these two closely-related taxa and all the sequences of our species clustered together with strong statistical support (99%) forming a monophyletic clade.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2AF83078667354FD97B458064C616930	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Saba, Malka;Khalid, Abdul Nasir;Sarwar, Samina	Saba, Malka, Khalid, Abdul Nasir, Sarwar, Samina (2023): New species of Mallocybe (Agaricales, Inocybaceae) from Pakistan, based on morphological. MycoKeys 99: 171-186, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.99.86844, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.99.86844
