identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
CD3B87D6FFE1FF97D3BAFE3E78E3FF07.text	CD3B87D6FFE1FF97D3BAFE3E78E3FF07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Digitipes Attems 1930	<div><p>Digitipes Attems, 1930a: 167; 1930b: 291.</p><p>Type species. Digitipes verdascens Attems, 1930, by monotypy.</p><p>Composite description. 16–18 antennal articles, 2.5–3.5 articles glabrous dorsally. Cephalic plate with anterior median sulcus that may be posteriorly bifurcated. Forcipular coxosternite without median suture. Tooth-plate wider than long, with four teeth on each side separated into two groups of two lateral and two median teeth. Trochanteroprefemoral process bearing one apical tooth and two or three inner teeth. Tergite 1 overlapping cephalic plate, without transverse sulcus or suture. Tergites with or without keels; oblique suture starting from T4 or 5 to T19. Paramedian sutures complete from at least TT 7 to 20. Tergite margination usually starting at least from T5; exceptionally only tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment marginated. Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment with convex lateral margins. Sternites with small punctae, occasionally with median sulcus; depressionlike pits on posterior part of sternite. Paramedian sutures at least 10% length of sternite, nearly complete in a few species. Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment trapezoidal, with sides converging posteriorly. Coxopleural process short to moderately long, with two apical spines, one lateral spine or absent, dorsal spine absent. Pore-field on lateral part of coxopleuron extending to dorsal margin or terminating beneath that margin. Spine formula on ultimate leg prefemur: VL 1–4 or absent, VM 1–5 or absent, M 0–1 and DM 1–2 or absent. Locomotory legs usually with two tarsal spurs on at least legs 1–3, usually one tarsal spur on legs 4–20. Tibial and femoral spur on leg 1 or absent. Male with blunt conical distal process on ultimate leg femur; shallow longitudinal furrow along medial surface of femur terminating at the process. Spiracles rounded or oval, on segments 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20.</p><p>Remarks. Digitipes is similar to the widespread, mostly tropical genus Otostigmus in most respects, but three distinguishing characters were proposed (Attems 1930b). Most noteworthy is the distal process on the ultimate leg femur that is present in males of Digitipes but is absent in Otostigmus . Attems also considered the absence of a large spine on article 2 of the telopodite of the second maxilla and an absence of accessary spines on the second maxillary pretarsus as diagnostic of Digitipes . The lack of a spine on article 2 has proven to be unreliable because it is on the one hand present in all Indian species of Digitipes (Joshi and Edgecombe 2013) and on the other hand is likewise absent in various species of the related genus Otostigmus (Lewis 2004, Chagas-Júnior et al. 2007). In some species of Otostigmus it is even subject to geographic variability between conspecific populations (Schileyko 1995; Lewis 2004). In the case of pretarsal accessory spines on the second maxilla, an absence in at least two African species ( D. verdascens and D. reichardti (Kraepelin, 1903)) is not matched by Digitipes species from India, where they are demonstrably present (Joshi and Edgecombe 2013). The most reliable morphological autapomorphy of Digitipes remains the presence of the femoral process in the male, coupled with a longitudinal furrow that extends along the medial surface of the femur and terminates at the process in male. These characters remain unknown in D. periyarensis Joshi and Edgecombe, 2013 and D. krausi Dobroruka, 1968, for which males have not been documented. Immature and limited material of unsexed specimens may be subject to misidentification at both the genus and species levels.</p><p>Currently the genus comprises three species from central Africa and six species from western India (Attems 1930a, b; Jangi and Dass 1984; Joshi and Edgecombe 2013). Molecular distances (Table 2) and the composite data of morphological characters for all members (Table 3) suggest that the number of glabrous antennal articles, the posterior bifurcation of a median sulcus on the cephalic plate, the extent of paramedian sutures on the sternites, as well as the presence or absence of a lateral spine on the coxopleural process are taxonomically informative and useful for species discrimination. Our key has been constructed based on a combination of the taxonomic keys to species by Jangi and Dass (1984) and Joshi and Edgecombe (2013), together with additional taxonomic characters.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD3B87D6FFE1FF97D3BAFE3E78E3FF07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Siriwut, Warut;Edgecombe, Gregory D.;Sutcharit, Chirasak;Tongkerd, Piyoros;Panha, Somsak	Siriwut, Warut, Edgecombe, Gregory D., Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros, Panha, Somsak (2015): First record of the African-Indian centipede genus Digitipes Attems, 1930 (Scolopendromorpha: Otostigminae) from Myanmar, and the systematic position of a new species based on molecular phylogenetics. Zootaxa 3931 (1): 71-87, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3931.1.5
CD3B87D6FFE0FF97D3BAFEE97E1EFC61.text	CD3B87D6FFE0FF97D3BAFEE97E1EFC61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Digitipes	<div><p>Key to species of Digitipes</p><p>1a. Tergite surface with rugose ridges, keels and tubercles.............................................. D. barnabasi</p><p>1b. Tergite surface lacking rugose ridges, keels and tubercles...................................................... 2</p><p>2a. 2.5–2.7 basal articles of antenna glabrous dorsally............................................................ 3</p><p>2b. At least 3 basal articles of antenna glabrous dorsally.......................................................... 4</p><p>3a. Dorsal spine absent on coxopleural process........................................................ D. chhotanii</p><p>3b. Dorsal spine present on coxopleural process............................................... D. kalewaensis n. sp.</p><p>4a. Longitudinal median sulcus on cephalic plate with posterior bifurcation................................... D. pruthii</p><p>4b. Longitudinal median sulcus on cephalic plate without posterior bifurcation........................................ 5</p><p>5a. Paramedian sutures nearly complete or complete on most sternites............................................... 6</p><p>5b. Paramedian sutures only on anterior part of sternites.......................................................... 8</p><p>6a. Tergite margination starting at least from T5................................................................ 7</p><p>6b. Only tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment with margination......................................... D. reichardti</p><p>7a. All legs without femoral, tibial and tarsal spurs................................................... D. periyarensis</p><p>7b. At least leg 1 with femoral, tibial and tarsal spur................................................... D. verdascens</p><p>8a. Posterior part of cephalic plate with pair of short sulci................................................... D. jangii</p><p>8b. Posterior part of cephalic plate without pair of short sulci...................................................... 9</p><p>9a. All legs without tibial and tarsal spurs.............................................................. D. krausi</p><p>9a. At least 3 pairs of legs with tibial and tarsal spurs........................................................... 10</p><p>10a. Pore-field reaching to dorsal margin of coxopleuron.............................................. D. coonoorensis</p><p>10b. Pore-field terminating beneath dorsal margin of coxopleuron D. jonesii</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD3B87D6FFE0FF97D3BAFEE97E1EFC61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Siriwut, Warut;Edgecombe, Gregory D.;Sutcharit, Chirasak;Tongkerd, Piyoros;Panha, Somsak	Siriwut, Warut, Edgecombe, Gregory D., Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros, Panha, Somsak (2015): First record of the African-Indian centipede genus Digitipes Attems, 1930 (Scolopendromorpha: Otostigminae) from Myanmar, and the systematic position of a new species based on molecular phylogenetics. Zootaxa 3931 (1): 71-87, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3931.1.5
CD3B87D6FFE0FF99D3BAF9CB7C94F957.text	CD3B87D6FFE0FF99D3BAF9CB7C94F957.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Digitipes kalewaensis Siriwut, Edgecombe and Panha	<div><p>Digitipes kalewaensis Siriwut, Edgecombe and Panha n. sp.</p><p>Figs. 1–3</p><p>Type specimens. Holotype CUMZ 0 0 233 and GenBank ID for COI and 16S as KP204116 and KP204112, respectively; adult male from the type locality (length 43 mm, width 3.8 mm; Figs. 2 D, 2E–G, 2I, 3A, 3B, 3E, 3G and 3H). Paratypes CUMZ 0 0 234 (adult male), CUMZ 0 0 235 (adult male), CUMZ 0 0 236 (two females), CUMZ 0 0 237 (juvenile), CUMZ 00238.1–2 (two juveniles), CUMZ 0 0 240 (adult female), CUMZ 0 0 241 (adult male). All paratypes are from the type locality.</p><p>Etymology. The name “ kalewaensis ” refers to the northwestern Burmese town which is the type locality.</p><p>Type locality. Semi-arid dry-dipterocarp forest on the bank of the Chindwin River, Kalewa Township, Sagaing Division, northwestern Myanmar (23º12’52.2” N, 94º18’7.2” E). It is located at the tip of drainage between two river systems, the Mayittha and Chindwin Rivers.</p><p>Diagnosis. 17 antennal articles, basal 2.7 glabrous dorsally. Tooth-plate with four main teeth; suture at base of tooth-plate extending laterally subparallel to margin of coxosternite. Tergite surfaces smooth. Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment with weak depression on posterior part. Sternites with incomplete paramedian sutures occupying 15 to 25% of anterior part of sternite, posterior part with circular pit. Lateral and dorsal spines on coxopleural process absent. Ultimate legs lacking M and DM spines. Locomotory legs with accessory spurs; legs 1–5 with two tarsal spurs, legs 6–20 with one tarsal spur; ultimate legs without tarsal spurs.</p><p>Description. Body length ranges from 23–47 mm. Body colour of preserved material greenish-brown; only cephalic plate and anterior three trunk segments dark blue. Locomotory legs light blue. Sternites 4–21 light yellowish. Cephalic plate with small, fine setae. Anterior median part of cephalic plate with short, straight sulcus without bifurcation posteriorly.</p><p>Antenna with 17 articles, basal 2.5–2.7 articles glabrous dorsally; 2.5 articles glabrous ventrally. Antenna reaches only to T2 (Fig. 2 D). Process of forcipular trochanteroprefemur bearing one apical and one or two inner teeth. Coxosternal tooth-plate (Figs. 2 A, 3B–C) wider than long, with four main teeth, separated into two groups, two inner and two outer; basal part with a clear, fine seta on each side or without. Interior part of article 2 of telopodite of second maxilla with a fine pigmented spine (Fig. 3 D). Coxosternite (Figs. 2 A, 3B) without median suture, coxosternal median diastema reaching to base of tooth-plate, basal part of tooth-plate with curved sutures extending laterally subparallel to margin of coxosternite. Angulation of basal sutures ca 130º–135º.</p><p>T1 (Figs. 2 D, 3A) overlapping cephalic plate, without transverse suture. Tergites with paramedian sutures complete from TT7–8; margination starting on TT8–9. Tergite of ultimate leg-bearing segment (Fig. 2 M) usually without median furrow on posterior part (furrow present in one specimen). Sternites with short paramedian sutures on anterior part (Figs. 2 C, 3F), occupying 15–25% length of sternite. Surface of sternites with two discontinuous longitudinal median sulci (Fig. 3 F). Sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment with sides converging posteriorly, posterior margin slightly concave (Figs. 2 L, 3H).</p><p>Coxopleural process (Figs. 2 K–L, 3G) moderately long, with two apical spines; lateral and dorsal spines absent. Dense pore field covering whole area of coxopleuron except on ventro-distal part of coxopleural process (Figs. 2 L, 3H), pore-free area reaching to 10% the distance to margin of sternite of ultimate leg-bearing segment. On lateral side of coxopleura, dense pore area not covered by lateral margin of tergite of ultimate leg-bearing (Fig. 2 K) Ultimate legs (Fig. 2 H–I) long and slender with ratio of ultimate leg articles as follow; 1:1.9 between tarsus 1 and tarsus 2, 1.9:2.1 between tarsus 2 and tibia, 2.1:2.4 between tibia and femur and 2.4:2.7 between femur and prefemur. Prefemoral spines in two rows, arranged as VL-1 or 2, VM-1 to 2, without M and DM spines.</p><p>Locomotory legs with short setae on anterior segments; legs 1 to 5 usually with two tarsal spurs (occasionally, two tarsal spurs on only one side), subsequent legs to leg 20 with one tarsal spur. One tibial and femoral spur on leg 1. Two accessory spurs and pretarsal claw present on all legs. Ultimate leg femur with conical projection in male (Fig. 2 I). Pretarsus and tarsus 2 of ultimate legs with or without small setae (Fig. 3 H–I). Spiracles oval or rounded (Fig. 2 E–G), present on segments 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20. Spiracle of segment 3 (Fig. 2 E) oval shape and largest; spiracles on segments 5 and 8 rounded (Fig. 2 F, 2G).</p><p>Remarks. Digitipes kalewaensis n. sp. is the first record of Digitipes from outside central Africa and western India (Fig. 1). By comparing the species with the closely related Indian Digitipes species, D. kalewaensis n. sp. differs from D. chhotanii Jangi &amp; Dass, 1984 and D. pruthii Jangi &amp; Dass, 1984 by having 2.5–2.7 glabrous antennal articles, without a posterior bifurcated sulcus on the anterior-medial part of the cephalic plate, having femoral, tibial and tarsal spurs on leg 1, and a prefemoral spine arrangement on the ultimate legs as VL 1–2, VM 2(1), with M and DM absent.</p><p>The variability of some morphological characters such as the number of glabrous antennal articles, number of teeth on the coxosternal tooth-plates, margination of tergites, spinulation of the coxopleural process, and numbers of legs with tarsal spurs may cause problems for species delimitation. An inconsistency in several characters indicates the need to further clarify the extent of intraspecific variability within this group. For this reason, a summary of comparative diagnostic characters for each previously named species with D. kalewaensis n. sp. is given in Table 3.</p><p>First tergite with complete paramedian TT5–7 T7 TT6–8 TT5(4)</p><p>sutures</p><p>Type of longitudinal median sulcus on Anterior groove posteriorly straight; two</p><p>Posteriorly straight Posteriorly bifurcate Posteriorly straight</p><p>cephalic plate pairs of furrows on posterior part</p><p>First tergite with complete margination TT5–8 (T2) T7 TT7-9 TT8, 9 (7) –13 Longitudinal median ridges, keels Punctate with longitudinal</p><p>Tergite surface Smooth Smooth and tubercles median ridges</p><p>Surface of sternites? Punctate??</p><p>Shape and surface of tergite of ultimate Smooth and convex lateral Smooth and convex lateral</p><p>Longer than broad Smooth and convex lateral margin</p><p>LBS margin margin</p><p>Maximum percent completeness of 10–20%? 10–25% 20–35%</p><p>sternal PS</p><p>Shape and surface of sternite of ultimate Elongate trapezoidal, sides Trapezoidal, sides converging Sides converging posteriorly Sides converging posteriorly</p><p>LBS converging posteriorly posteriorly</p><p>AP-2 AP-2 AP-2 AP-2</p><p>Arrangement of spines on coxopleural SAP-0 SAP-0 SAP-0 SAP-0</p><p>process (AP, SAP, DP, LP) DP-0 DP-0 DP-0 DP-0 LP-1 LP-0 LP-1(0) LP-1 or 0</p><p>Length of coxopleural process Short Moderately long Moderately long Long and slender Strongly beneath to dorsal</p><p>Pore field on coxopleuron (CP) Reaching margin of CP Not reaching margin of CP Reaching close to margin of CP</p><p>margin of CP</p><p>VL-3(2) VL-3 VL-3(4) VL-3(1,2)</p><p>Prefemoral spine formula on ultimate VM-2 VM-2 VM-2(3) VM-2(1) M-0 M-0 M-0 M-0 No. with femoral spur 1 Absent 1 Usuallyabsent</p><p>Bluntly conical, extending to Bluntly conical, extending to Bluntly conical, extending to Bluntly conical, not extending to distal end</p><p>Projection on ultimate leg femur distal end of femur distal end of femur distal end of femur of femur Suranganar reserve, Tamil Nadu,</p><p>Type locality Maharashtra, India Tamil Nadu, India Karnataka, India India</p><p>……continued on the next page AP-2 AP-2 AP-2 field on coxopleuron (CP) Not reaching margin of CP Strongly beneath to dorsal margin of CP Not reaching margin of CP</p><p>VL-3(2) VL-3 VL-0 VM-2(1) VM-2(3) VM-5</p><p>Prefemoral spine formula on ultimate legs M-0 M-0 M-0 TABLE 3. (Continued)</p><p>Characters D. krausi 5 D.reichardti 1,7 D.verdascens 2,3 D.kalewarensis n. sp.</p><p>. of antennal articles 17/17 17/17 16/16 17/17</p><p>. of glabrous antennal articles 3 3 3 2.5–2.7 4+4</p><p>Teeth on tooth-plates 4+4 4+4 4+4 (rarely 5)</p><p>First tergite with complete paramedian T6 TT6 or 9 T6 TT7 or 8</p><p>sutures</p><p>Type of longitudinal median sulcus on ??? Posteriorlystraight</p><p>cephalic plate</p><p>First tergite with complete margination Only 21 Only 21 T5 TT8 or 9</p><p>Tergite surface Smooth Smooth Short streak with punctate Longitudinal median ridges Weak median oval and posterior Small setae, median furrow and</p><p>Surface of sternites Three furrows?</p><p>median depressions depression-like pit on posterior</p><p>Shape and surface of tergite of ultimate Smooth and convex lateral Smooth and convex lateral Convex lateral margin Convex lateral margin</p><p>LBS margin margin</p><p>Maximum percent completeness of? 45%-complete Complete 15-25%</p><p>sternal PS</p><p>Shape and surface of sternite of ultimate Trapezoidal, sides converging Sides converging posteriorly with small</p><p>Trapezoidal Sides converging posteriorly</p><p>LBS posteriorly setae AP-2 AP-2 AP-2 AP-2</p><p>Arrangement of spines on coxopleural SAP-0 SAP-0 SAP-0 SAP-0</p><p>process (AP, SAP, DP, LP) DP-0 DP-0 DP-0 DP-0 LP-0 LP-1 LP-0 LP-0</p><p>Length of coxopleural process? Short? Short or moderately long</p><p>Pore field on coxopleuron (CP) ??? Not reaching margin of CP</p><p>VL-3 VL-2 or 3 VL-2 VL-1 or 2</p><p>Prefemoral spine formula on ultimate VM-2 VM-1 to 3 VM-0 VM-2(1) M-0 M-0 M-1 M-0 DM-2 DM-0 DM-0 DM-0</p><p>Legs No. with two tarsal spurs Absent 1–2(3) 1–3 1–5 Note: Superscript refers to the following literature citations: 1= Kraepelin (1903); 2= Attems (1930a); 3= Attems (1930b); 4= Verhoeff (1938); 5= Dobroruka (1968); 6= Jangi and Dass (1984); 7= Lewis 2004); 8= Joshi and Edgecombe (2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD3B87D6FFE0FF99D3BAF9CB7C94F957	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Siriwut, Warut;Edgecombe, Gregory D.;Sutcharit, Chirasak;Tongkerd, Piyoros;Panha, Somsak	Siriwut, Warut, Edgecombe, Gregory D., Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros, Panha, Somsak (2015): First record of the African-Indian centipede genus Digitipes Attems, 1930 (Scolopendromorpha: Otostigminae) from Myanmar, and the systematic position of a new species based on molecular phylogenetics. Zootaxa 3931 (1): 71-87, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3931.1.5
