identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
CE19ECA5D74E5865913930C34E6E3278.text	CE19ECA5D74E5865913930C34E6E3278.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marphysa de Quatrefages 1866	<div><p>Genus Marphysa Quatrefages, 1866</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Nereis sanguinea Montagu, 1813 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>(after Molina-Acevedo and Carrera-Parra 2017). Prostomium slightly or completely bilobed; five prostomial appendages without articulations; eyes present or absent. Peristomium without peristomial cirri. Maxillary apparatus with four pairs of maxillae, an unpaired on the left side; MI with falcal arch developed, extended, with the outer edge of the base arched; MIII curved, forming part of distal arc, with attachment lamella of rectangular or irregular shape, situated at centre of posterior edge of maxilla; MIV with circular or rectangular attachment lamella. Branchiae distributed along entire body. Dorsal cirri without articulation; postchaetal lobe well developed in anterior region. Ventral cirri with swollen, oval, or circular base. All sub-aciculae dark. Supracicular chaetae include limbate, pectinate isodont chaetae with slender teeth, pectinate anodont chaetae with long teeth. Subacicular chaetae include compound falcigers or spinigers, or only limbate chaetae. Subacicular hook dark or translucent, bidentate or unidentate. Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri, without articulation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE19ECA5D74E5865913930C34E6E3278	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Che Engku Abdullah, Che Engku Siti Mariam;Idris, Izwandy;Fahmi, Afiq Durrani Mohd;Flaxman, Beth;Hutchings, Pat	Che Engku Abdullah, Che Engku Siti Mariam, Idris, Izwandy, Fahmi, Afiq Durrani Mohd, Flaxman, Beth, Hutchings, Pat (2024): Four new species of Marphysa (Annelida, Eunicida, Eunicidae) from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 1204: 65-103, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1204.117261
02B523B8A84257E99251CBE50DFBBA48.text	02B523B8A84257E99251CBE50DFBBA48.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marphysa ibaiensis Che Engku Abdullah & Idris & Fahmi & Flaxman & Hutchings 2024	<div><p>Marphysa ibaiensis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 14, 15, 16</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. UMTAnn 2179, complete, antero-ventrally dissected, some parapodia mounted for SEM . Paratypes. AM W. 54052, complete, some parapodia mounted for SEM. LACM-AHF 13500 to 13502, complete, some parapodia removed; ZRC. ANN. 1610 to 1612, complete, some parapodia removed; SAM-MB-A 096022, complete, some parapodia removed . All material was collected from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Terengganu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.16895&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.279667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.16895/lat 5.279667)">Kuala Ibai</a> lagoon (05 ° 17.198 ' N, 103 ° 10.194 ' E) and estuary (05 ° 16.780 ' N, 103 ° 10.137 ' E), October 2021.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Prostomium completely bilobed, five prostomial appendages without articulations; eyes absent. Peristomium without Peristomial cirri. Maxillary apparatus with four pairs of maxillae, an unpaired on the left side, MI with falcal arch extended at sub-right angle, basal outer edge arched, basal inner edge lacking curvature. MII with triangular teeth and without attachment lamella. MIII slightly curved, with equal-sized triangular teeth, without attachment lamella. MIV with curved attachment lamella. Branchiae distributed along entire body. Dorsal cirri without articulations; postchaetal lobe well developed in anterior regions. Ventral cirri with swollen, inflated base. Sub-aciculae black, blunt, and translucent at distal end, pale brown in posterior-most parapodia. Supra-acicular chaetae include limbate, pectinate, thin, narrow isodont with short and slender inner teeth, pectinate thin, narrow heterodont with short and slender inner teeth, pectinate thick, wide isodont with long or short and slender inner teeth, and pectinate thick, wide anodont with long and slender inner teeth. Subacicular chaetae include limbate and compound spinigers. Subacicular hook bidentate. Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri, without articulation.</p><p>Description</p><p>(based on holotype, with variation in parentheses for paratypes). Preserved specimens beige (Fig. 14 A), ~ 195 (66–401) chaetigers and 52 mm (20–91 mm) long, L 10: 4.5 mm (2.25–6.3 mm), W 10: 2.85 mm (1.2–3.75 mm), excluding parapodia. Anterior region of body cylindrical, with shallow groove until median chaetigers (Fig. 14 A); body depressed from chaetiger 30, elongated, and tapering at distal end. Live specimens red (Fig. 16 C).</p><p>Prostomium conically bilobed, with two dorsoventrally lobes separated by an anterior notch (Fig. 14 A, B). Prostomial appendages in a semicircle, median antennae separated by a gap. Palps, lateral and median antennae reaching first peristomium. Palpophores and ceratophores ring-shaped, short, and thin; palpostyles and ceratostyles tapering and slender. Prostomial appendage peduncles absent. Peristomium wider than prostomium; first ring 3 × longer than second ring, separation between rings distinct on all sides.</p><p>Maxillae pale brown (Fig. 14 C) and maxillary formula as follows: MF = 1 + 1, 6 (5–6) + 7 (6–7), 7 (7–8) + 0, 4 + 10 (9–10), 1 + 1. Maxillary carrier ~ 2.2 × shorter than MI, rectangular anteriorly, triangular posteriorly. MI forceps-like, without attachment lamellae, falcal arch extended at sub-right angle, basal outer edge arched, basal inner edge lacking a curvature. Closing system is ~ 5.5 × shorter than MI. Ligament between MI and MII pale brown. MII without attachment lamella, teeth triangular, present on &lt;1 / 2 of plate length. Ligament between MII and MIII pale brown. MIII single, longer than left MIV, slightly curved, with equal-sized triangular teeth, without attachment lamella. Left MIV short (&lt;1 / 2 the size of right MIV) with curved attachment lamellae. Right MIV long, with teeth triangular and curved attachment lamellae, decreasing in size and teeth curved posteriorly. MV paired. Mandibles whitish with pale brown core, longer than MI; cutting longer than MI; cutting plates whitish (Fig. 14 D).</p><p>First few parapodia inserted ventrolaterally, but then becoming lateral in anterior region and dorsolaterally in subsequent segments. Chaetal lobes rounded on all chaetigers (Fig. 14 F – H). Prechaetal lobe shorter than chaetal lobe along the entire body. Postchaetal lobe rounded and longer than chaetal lobe in anterior chaetigers and mid-body onwards (Fig. 14 F – H), becoming shorter and absent in the posterior-most chaetigers. Dorsal cirri digitiform and slender, longer than ventral cirri anteriorly, as long as or shorter from mid-body and shorter in posterior chaetigers (Fig. 14 F – H). Ventral cirri digitiform in first chaetigers, basally inflated with digitiform tip from chaetiger six onwards (Fig. 14 F – H). Branchiae pectinate, starting from chaetiger 20 (11–65) and continuing to near end (~ 13 last chaetigers without branchiae), branchial filament 3 × longer than dorsal cirri where best developed; number of filaments increasing from one anteriorly to eight in mid-body, decreasing to six in last several chaetigers. Pygidial cirri attached to ventral side of pygidium, dorsal pair ~ 4 × longer than ventral (Fig. 14 I).</p><p>Notoaciculae absent. Neuroaciculae black, blunt, and translucent at distal end along most of body, pale brown in posterior-most parapodia; ~ 3 or 4 per parapodium in anterior, one or two per parapodium in median and one per parapodium in posterior chaetigers (Fig. 14 F – H). Supra-acicular chaetae with limbate capillaries and pectinates. Five types of pectinate chaetae were identified (types 1, 3, 4, 5, 7) (see Fig. 2): type 1: thin, narrow isodont with 12–15 short and slender inner teeth, present in anterior and median region (Fig. 15 A); type 3: thin, narrow heterodont with 12 short and slender inner teeth, outer teeth longer on one side, present in the anterior body region (Fig. 15 B); type 4: thick, wide isodont with 18–29 short and slender teeth, outer teeth different length to inner teeth, only present in median and posterior region (Fig. 15 C – F): type 5: thick, wide isodont with 15–18 long and slender inner teeth, present only posteriorly (Fig. 15 E, F); type 7: thick, wide anodont with ~ 15 long and slender inner teeth, only present in posterior parapodia (Fig. 15 F). Subacicular chaetae with compound spinigers and limbate capillaries in median and posterior chaetigers. Some limbate chaetae with inconspicuous serrations and numerous projections (Fig. 15 G). Subacicular hooks pale brown, translucent at distal end, from chaetiger 22 (22–46), 1–3 per parapodium; subacicular hooks bidentate present throughout (Fig. 14 E). Pygidium with crenulated margin, with two pairs of tapering pygidial cirri attached to ventral side of pygidium, dorsal pair ~ 4 × longer than ventral one (Fig. 14 I).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to the type locality Kuala Ibai River.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>South China Sea, Malaysia, east coast of Peninsular, Terengganu, Kuala Ibai river estuary and lagoon (see Fig. 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known only from the type locality.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Slightly gravelly sand sediment (Table 4) associated with oyster clumps within Rhizophora spp. (Fig. 16 A), burrowing in sediment deposited inside driftwood bark (Fig. 16 B) with salinity 26 ‰ (estuary) and 18 ‰ (lagoon) during spring low tide.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>With the presence of subacicular limbate and compound spinigers in the median and posterior region, M. ibaiensis sp. nov. belongs to Group E (Gravelyi). There are four Marphysa species belonging to this group; M. borradailei Pillai, 1958 (type locality: Negombo Lagoon, Sri Lanka), M. fauchaldi Glasby &amp; Hutchings, 2010 (type locality: Ardatek Barrumundi farm, Darwin, Australia), M. gravelyi Southern, 1921 (type locality: Chilka Lake, India) and M. madrasi Hutchings, Lavesque, Priscilla, Daffe, Malathi &amp; Glasby, 2020 (type locality: Chennai, India). The morphological features of these species are given in Table 7.</p><p>Marphysa ibaiensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from M. borradailei by the number of branchial filaments, shape of the subacicular hooks, chaetiger where the branchiae and subacicular hook occur, and the shape of postchaetal lobe in the anterior region. Marphysa ibaiensis sp. nov. (TL: 52 (20–91) mm) has a maximum of eight branchial filaments whereas M. borradailei (TL: 1–8 mm) has up to 20 branchial filaments. The subacicular hook of M. ibaiensis sp. nov. is bidentate and occurs from chaetiger 22 (22–46) onwards while M. borradailei has a strongly hooded unidentate hook that occur from chaetiger 50 onwards. Marphysa ibaiensis sp. nov. has rounded postchaetal lobe in anterior region, while M. borradailei has sub-conical shaped postchaetal lobes in the anterior region. The original description of M. borradailei makes it challenging to undertake a detailed morphological comparison and additional material from the type locality (Sri Lanka) needs to be collected and redescribed.</p><p>The new species can also be differentiated from M. gravelyi and M. madrasi by the absence of eyes, number of types of pectinate chaetae, number of branchial filaments, chaetiger where subacicular hooks begin and the length of the pygidial cirri. Marphysa ibaiensis sp. nov. has no eyes, while both M. gravelyi and M. madrasi have a pair of eyes. Marphysa ibaiensis sp. nov. has five types of pectinate chaetae (types 1, 3, 4, 5, 7), whereas M. madrasi has only two (types 4, 5). While all these species have bidentate hooks, they begin on chaetiger 22 (22–46) in M. ibaiensis sp. nov. (L 10: 4.5 (2.25–6.3) mm), 26–35 in M. gravelyi and 33–72 in M. madrasi (L 10: 6 (4–9) mm). Marphysa ibaiensis sp. nov. has short and long pairs of pygidial cirri attached to the pygidium, whereas M. madrasi only has one pair of short pygidial cirri.</p><p>Marphysa ibaiensis sp. nov. differs from M. fauchaldi by the absence of peduncle in prostomial appendages, the chaetiger on which the branchiae and subacicular hook occur and the distribution of subacicular limbate chaetae. Subacicular hooks and branchiae of M. ibaiensis sp. nov. (TL: 52 (20–91) mm) have a wide range variation of chaetiger where they begin; from chaetiger 22 (22–46) and 20 (11–65), respectively compared to M. fauchaldi (TL: 190 (78–155) mm); they begin from chaetiger 40 (31–50) and 31 (22–32), respectively. The subacicular limbate chaetae in M. ibaiensis sp. nov. occur from mid-chaetigers onwards whereas in M. fauchaldi, they are restricted to posterior chaetigers.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/02B523B8A84257E99251CBE50DFBBA48	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Che Engku Abdullah, Che Engku Siti Mariam;Idris, Izwandy;Fahmi, Afiq Durrani Mohd;Flaxman, Beth;Hutchings, Pat	Che Engku Abdullah, Che Engku Siti Mariam, Idris, Izwandy, Fahmi, Afiq Durrani Mohd, Flaxman, Beth, Hutchings, Pat (2024): Four new species of Marphysa (Annelida, Eunicida, Eunicidae) from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 1204: 65-103, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1204.117261
BF9FE410DC1E56E49E0865806C6310C6.text	BF9FE410DC1E56E49E0865806C6310C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marphysa kertehensis Che Engku Abdullah & Idris & Fahmi & Flaxman & Hutchings 2024	<div><p>Marphysa kertehensis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 5, 6, 7</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. UMTAnn 2181, complete (regenerated posterior), antero-ventrally dissected, some parapodia removed and mounted for SEM . Paratypes. AM W. 54059, complete, some parapodia removed and mounted for SEM; LACM-AHF 13503 to 13505, complete, some parapodia removed; ZRC. ANN. 1614 to 1615, incomplete, some parapodia removed; SAM-MB-A 096023, incomplete, some parapodia removed . All material was collected from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Terengganu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.439384&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=4.5357" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.439384/lat 4.5357)">Kerteh</a> mangrove forest river (04 ° 32.142 ' N, 103 ° 26.363 ' E), March 2022.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Prostomium completely bilobed, five prostomial appendages without articulations; eyes absent. Peristomium without peristomial cirri. Maxillary apparatus with four pairs of maxillae, an unpaired one on the left side, MI with falcal arch extended at sub-right angle, basal outer edge arched, basal inner edge lacking curvature. MII with triangular teeth and without attachment lamella. MIII slightly curved, with equal-sized triangular teeth, without attachment lamella. MIV with dark and curved attachment lamella. Branchiae distributed along entire body. Dorsal cirri without articulations; postchaetal lobe well developed in anterior regions. Ventral cirri with swollen, inflated base. Sub-aciculae black, blunt and translucent at distal end, pale brown in posterior-most parapodia. Supra-acicular chaetae include limbate, pectinate thin, narrow and wide isodont with short and slender inner teeth, and pectinate thick, wide isodont with short and slender inner teeth. Subacicular chaetae include only limbate chaetae. Subacicular hook absent. Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri, without articulation.</p><p>Description</p><p>(based on holotype, with variation in parentheses for paratypes). Preserved specimens beige (Fig. 5 A), with 518 (135–578) chaetigers, ~ 413 mm (173–295) total length, 12 mm (6–10.8) in length to chaetiger 10 (L 10), 4.8 mm (3.15–5.1 mm) width at chaetiger 10 (W 10), excluding parapodia. Body with dorsum convex and flat ventrum (Fig. 5 A), without groove; body elongated, rounded in cross-section at anterior and median regions, and dorsoventrally flattened thereafter. Live specimens red (Fig. 7 D).</p><p>Prostomium bilobed, anteriorly rounded with two dorsoventrally flattened lobes separated by an anterior notch between (Fig. 5 B). Prostomial appendages in a semicircle, median antennae separated by a gap (Fig. 5 B). Palps reach to first ring of peristomium; lateral and median antennae to second ring of peristomium. Palpophores and ceratophores are ring-shaped, short, thin; palpostyles and ceratostyles tapering and slender. Prostomial peduncles absent. Peristomium larger and wider than prostomium; first ring 3 × longer than second ring, separation between rings distinct on all sides.</p><p>Maxillae dark (Fig. 5 C), and maxillary formula (MF) as follows: 1 + 1, 5 + 5 (4–5), 8 (7–8) + 0, 3 (3–4) + 9 (8–9), 1 + 1. Maxillary carrier ~ 2.8 × shorter than MI, rectangular anteriorly, triangular posteriorly. MI forceps-like, without attachment lamellae, falcal arch extended at sub-right angle, basal outer edge arched, basal inner edge lacking a curvature. Closing system ~ 4.2 × shorter than MI. Ligament between MI and MII dark. MII without attachment lamella, teeth triangular, distributed on &lt;1 / 2 of plate length. Ligament between MII and MIII dark. MIII single, longer than left MIV, slightly curved, with equal-sized triangular teeth, without attachment lamella. Left MIV short (&lt;1 / 2 the size of right MIV), attachment lamella dark, curved. Right MIV long, with teeth triangular, decreasing in size and teeth curved posteriorly; attachment lamella curved, dark. MV paired, longer than high. Mandible dark, longer than MI; cutting plates whitish (Fig. 5 D).</p><p>First and second parapodia located ventrolaterally but gradually positioned dorsolaterally on subsequent segments. Chaetal lobes conical and directed to ventral cirri in anterior chaetigers, conical in median and posterior chaetigers (Fig. 5 E – G). Prechaetal lobe shorter than chaetal lobe throughout body. Postchaetal lobe rounded and longer than chaetal lobe in anterior chaetigers, conical in mid-body onwards and absent in the posterior-most chaetigers. Dorsal cirri digitiform with slender and tapering tips longer than ventral cirri anteriorly, digitiform and slightly longer from mid-body, digitiform and approximately similar length in posterior-most chaetigers (Fig. 5 E – G). Ventral cirri digitiform in first chaetigers, basally inflated with digitiform tip from chaetiger 15 onwards (Fig. 5 E – G). Branchiae pectinate, from chaetiger 41 (27–58), branchial filaments 3 × longer than dorsal cirri where best developed; number of filaments increasing from five anteriorly to nine in mid-body, decreasing to three in last several chaetigers. Black dot present at the base of dorsal cirri from median chaetigers toward posterior chaetigers (Fig. 5 F – H).</p><p>Notoaciculae absent, neuroaciculae black, blunt, and translucent at distal end along most of body, pale brown in posterior-most parapodia; three or four per parapodium in anterior, one or two per parapodium in median and posterior chaetigers (Fig. 5 E – G). Supra-acicular chaetae with limbate capillaries and pectinates, subacicular chaetae with limbate capillaries, compound chaetae absent (Fig. 6 A, B). Three types of pectinate chaetae were identified (types 1, 2, 4; see Fig. 2): type 1: thin, narrow isodont with 28 short and slender inner teeth, outer teeth longer on one side, present only in the anterior body region (Fig. 6 C); type 2: thin, wide isodont with ~ 30–32 short and slender teeth, present only in median and posterior region (Fig. 6 C, D); type 4: thick, wide isodont with ~ 23 short and slender inner teeth, present only in posterior region (Fig. 6 E, F). Anodont pectinate chaetae and subacicular hooks (n = 30) completely absent. Pygidium with crenulated margin, with two pairs of pygidial cirri attached (Fig. 5 I).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The new name denotes the type locality (Kerteh River) where the specimens were collected.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>South China Sea, Malaysia, east coast of Peninsular, Terengganu, Kerteh River (see Fig. 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known only from the type locality.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Gravelly muddy sand (Table 4), burrowing inside driftwood, in mangroves, intertidal (Fig. 7 A – C) with salinity 3.18 ‰ during spring low tide.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>With the presence of only limbate chaetae in both supra- and subacicular chaetae bundles, Marphysa kertehensis sp. nov. belongs to Marphysa Group A (Mossambica). Comparing Marphysa Group A from Malaysia’s coastal water bodies, M. kertehensis sp. nov. is similar to M. moribidii (type locality: Morib, Malaysia) in lacking eyes. Table 5 lists the characteristics of Group A species, such as the presence or absence of peduncle in the prostomial appendages, the number of types of pectinate chaetae, chaetiger from where the branchiae commence and finish, number of branchial filaments and subacicular hooks and all differ from the new species. Marphysa kertehensis sp. nov. has three types of pectinate chaetae (types 1, 2, 4) but lacks any wide anodont chaetae (types 6, 7, 8), while M. moribidii has four types, including wide anodont (types 1, 4, 5, 8). Although they all have the same type of pectinate branchiae and the chaetiger where the branchiae emerge, M. moribidii (TL: 333 mm) has a wider range variation of chaetiger where the branchiae emerge; they occur from chaetiger 35 (4–63) whereas in M. kertehensis sp. nov. (TL: 413 (173–295) mm), the branchiae are present from chaetiger 41 (27–58). There are no subacicular hooks present in all specimens of M. kertehensis sp. nov., but there are a few subacicular hooks present in the paratype of M. moribidii AM W. 38690. Additionally, M. kertehensis sp. nov. has a black dot at the base of dorsal cirri in median and posterior chaetigers, possibly a reservoir of blood to irrigate the branchiae, which is absent in M. moribidii . It is worth mentioning that comparisons between the two species were based only on morphological features as there is no sequence data published for M. moribidii . Furthermore, each species lives in a different habitat. Marphysa kertehensis sp. nov. was found in the driftwood within the mangrove area dominated by Exoecaria agallocha, meanwhile M. moribidii inhabits mangrove forest with Rhizophora spp., Avicennia alba and Sonneratia caseolaris (Idris et al. 2014) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF9FE410DC1E56E49E0865806C6310C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Che Engku Abdullah, Che Engku Siti Mariam;Idris, Izwandy;Fahmi, Afiq Durrani Mohd;Flaxman, Beth;Hutchings, Pat	Che Engku Abdullah, Che Engku Siti Mariam, Idris, Izwandy, Fahmi, Afiq Durrani Mohd, Flaxman, Beth, Hutchings, Pat (2024): Four new species of Marphysa (Annelida, Eunicida, Eunicidae) from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 1204: 65-103, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1204.117261
37BB3E0577F650AD9CA20FA6E8FDE9F4.text	37BB3E0577F650AD9CA20FA6E8FDE9F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marphysa merchangensis Che Engku Abdullah & Idris & Fahmi & Flaxman & Hutchings 2024	<div><p>Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 8, 9, 10</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. UMTAnn 2149, complete, antero-ventrally dissected, some parapodia mounted for SEM . Paratypes. AM W. 54044, complete, some parapodia mounted for SEM. LACM-AHF 13494 to 13496, complete, some parapodia removed; ZRC. ANN. 1604 to 1606, complete, some parapodia removed; SAM-MB-A 096021, complete, some parapodia removed . All material was collected from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Terengganu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.2999&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.0232167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.2999/lat 5.0232167)">Merchang</a> mangrove estuary (05 ° 01.393 ' N, 103 ° 17.994 ' E), October 2021.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Prostomium completely bilobed, five prostomial appendages without articulations; eyes present. Peristomium without peristomial cirri. Maxillary apparatus with four pairs of maxillae, an unpaired on the left side, MI with falcal arch extended at sub-right angle, basal outer edge arched, basal inner edge lacking curvature. MII with triangular teeth and without attachment lamella. MIII slightly curved, with equal-sized triangular teeth, without attachment lamella. MIV with rectangular and curved attachment lamella. Branchiae distributed along entire body. Dorsal cirri without articulations; postchaetal lobe well developed in anterior regions. Ventral cirri with swollen, inflated base. Sub-aciculae black, blunt, and translucent at distal end, pale brown in posterior-most parapodia. Supra-acicular chaetae include limbate, pectinate thin, narrow isodont with short and slender inner teeth, pectinate thick, wide isodont with short or long and slender inner teeth, and pectinate thick, narrow and wide anodont with long and thick inner teeth. Subacicular chaetae include only compound spinigers. Subacicular hook unidentate throughout chaetigers. Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri, without articulation.</p><p>Description</p><p>(based on holotype, with variation in parentheses for paratypes). Preserved specimen beige (Fig. 8 A), 257 (165–294) chaetigers, 94 mm (37–144 mm) long, L 10 - 5.25 mm (3.45–5.85 mm), W 10 - 2.85 mm (1.95–3.15 mm), excluding parapodia. Anterior region of body with dorsum convex and flat ventrum, without groove (Fig. 8 A); body depressed from chaetiger 25, elongated and tapering at distal end. Live specimens pink with red branchiae (Fig. 10 D).</p><p>Prostomium bilobed, anteriorly rounded with two dorsoventrally flattened lobes with an anterior notch between them (Fig. 8 A, B). Prostomial appendages in a semicircle, median antenna isolated by a gap (Fig. 8 B). Palps reach middle of second peristomial ring; lateral antennae reaching chaetiger 2; median antenna reaching chaetiger 3. Palpophores and ceratophores ring-shaped, short, and thick; palpostyles and ceratostyles tapering, and slender. Prostomial appendage peduncles absent. A pair of faded brown eyes present at posterior base of prostomium, between palps and lateral antennae (Fig. 8 B). Peristomium larger and wider than prostomium; first ring is 2.5 × longer than second ring, separation between rings distinct on all sides.</p><p>Maxillae pale brown (Fig. 8 C), and maxillary formula as follows: MF = 1 + 1, 5 (4–5) + 5 (5–6), 7 (6–7) + 0, 4 (4–5) + 8 (5–8), 1 + 1. Maxillary carrier ~ 2.5 × shorter than MI, rectangular anteriorly, triangular posteriorly. MI forceps-like, without attachment lamellae, falcal arch extended at sub-right angle, basal outer edge arched, basal inner edge lacking a curvature. Closing system ~ 3 × shorter than MI. Ligament between MI and MII pale brown. MII without attachment lamella, teeth triangular, distributed on &lt;1 / 2 length of the plate. Ligament between MII and MIII pale brown. MIII single, longer than left MIV slightly curved, with equal-sized triangular teeth, without attachment lamella. Left MIV short (&lt;1 / 2 the size of right MIV) with rectangular attachment lamellae. Right MIV long with curved attachment lamellae, teeth triangular, decreasing in size and teeth curved posteriorly. MV paired. Mandible pale brown, with concentric stripes, longer than MI; cutting plates whitish (Fig. 8 D).</p><p>First few parapodia located ventrolaterally but gradually becoming dorsolateral in subsequent segments. Chaetal lobes rounded in anterior and posterior chaetigers, conical in median chaetigers (Fig. 8 E – G). Prechaetal lobe shorter than chaetal lobe throughout body. Postchaetal lobe digitiform in first three chaetigers then rounded thereafter; longer than chaetal lobe in median chaetigers onwards, become shorter and absent in the posterior-most chaetigers. Dorsal cirri digitiform and slender, longer than ventral cirri anteriorly, slightly longer or similar from mid-body towards posterior-most chaetigers (Fig. 8 E – G). Ventral cirri thumb-shaped with rounded wide tips in first few chaetigers, basally inflated with digitiform tip from chaetiger 15, and gradually becoming conical posteriorly (Fig. 8 E – G). Branchiae pectinate, from chaetiger 24 (16–27) and continuing to last ~ 10 chaetigers, branchial filaments 4 × longer than dorsal cirri where best developed; number of filaments increasing from three anteriorly to six in mid-body, decreasing to one in last several chaetigers.</p><p>Notoaciculae absent, neuroaciculae black, blunt, and translucent at distal end along most of body, pale brown in posterior-most parapodia; ~ 2 or 3 per parapodium in anterior, one per parapodium in median and posterior chaetigers (Fig. 8 E – G). Supra-acicular chaetae with limbate capillaries and pectinates. Five types of pectinate chaetae present (types 1, 4, 5, 6, 8) (see Fig. 2): type 1: thin, narrow isodont with 7–12 short and slender inner teeth, outer teeth longer, but with varying lengths, present in anterior and median body region (Fig. 9 A, B); type 4: thick, wide isodont with 12–15 short and slender inner teeth, present only in median and posterior region (Fig. 9 C); type 5: thick, wide isodont, with 15–18 long and slender inner teeth, only present in posterior region (Fig. 9 D); type 6: thick, narrow anodont with 11 or 12 long thick teeth, only present in posterior region (Fig. 9 E); type 8: thick, wide anodont, with five inner long and thick teeth, only present in the posterior region (Fig. 9 F). Subacicular chaetae with compound spinigers (Fig. 9 G). Subacicular hooks pale brown, translucent at distal end, emerge from chaetiger 37 (26–42) and then present on all chaetigers, one per parapodium; subacicular hooks unidentate throughout chaetigers (Fig. 9 H). Pygidium with crenulated margin, with two pairs of tapering pygidial cirri attached to ventral side of pygidium, dorsal pair ~ 4 × longer than ventral (Fig. 8 H).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The name denotes the type locality (Merchang estuary) where the specimens were collected.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>South China Sea, Malaysia, east coast of Peninsular, Terengganu, Merchang mangrove estuary (see Fig. 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known only from the type locality and Setiu Wetlands, Terengganu, Malaysia.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Gravelly and slightly gravelly sand (Table 4), burrowing in decayed roots of the mangrove E. agallocha (Malay: Bebuta) (Fig. 10 A – C), burrowing in the sediments within an area populated with Talipariti tiliaceum (Fig. 13 C) with salinity 26 ‰ during spring low tide.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>With the presence of only compound spinigers along the whole body and branchiae along most of the body, Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. belongs to the Marphysa Group B (Sanguinea). Other Marphysa species from Sanguinea-group occurring in the same water body (South China Sea) as M. merchangensis sp. nov. are M. setiuense sp. nov., M. hongkongensa Wang, Zhang &amp; Qiu, 2018 (type locality: Hong Kong), M. iloiloensis Glasby, Mandario, Burghardt, Kupriyanova, Gunton &amp; Hutchings, 2019 (type locality: Philippines), M. multipectinata Liu, Hutchings &amp; Sun, 2017 (type locality: Shimen, Taiwan of China), M. orientalis Treadwell, 1936 (type locality: Xiamen, China), M. tribranchiata Liu, Hutchings &amp; Sun, 2017 (type locality: Wanli, Taiwan of China), and M. tripectinata Liu, Hutchings &amp; Sun, 2017 (type locality: Beihai, China).</p><p>Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. is similar to M. setiuense sp. nov. in having a pair of eyes and the absence of peduncle on the prostomial appendages. However, they can be differentiated by the number of types of pectinate chaetae, maxillary formula, chaetiger on which the branchiae and subacicular hooks occur, shape of dorsal cirri, chaetal lobes and subacicular hooks. Number of types of pectinate chaetae in M. merchangensis sp. nov. is five (types 1, 4, 5, 6, 8), whereas in M. setiuense sp. nov. there are four (types 1, 2, 7, 8), and they lack the thick, wide isodont pectinate chaetae (types 4, 5). Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. (L 10: 5.25 (3.45–5.85) mm) has more denticles on MIII 7 (6–7) + 0 compared to M. setiuense sp. nov. (L 10: 2.7 (2.85–4.8) mm) which has MIII: 5 (4–6) + 0. Branchiae and subacicular hook of M. merchangensis sp. nov. occur later (chaetiger 24 (16–27) and 37 (26–42)), respectively) compared to M. setiuense sp. nov., where they occur from chaetiger 20 (15–25) and 25 (21–38), respectively. Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. has digitiform dorsal cirri along the whole body, while M. setiuense sp. nov. has both thumb-shaped and digitiform dorsal cirri. Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. has rounded shaped chaetal lobe in the anterior and posterior, and conical in the median region, whereas M. setiuense sp. nov. has rounded chaetal lobes on all parapodia. Finally, M. merchangensis sp. nov. has unidentate subacicular hook, whereas M. setiuense sp. nov. has unidentate and a few bidentate subacicular hooks present in posterior chaetigers.</p><p>Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. and M. hongkongensa can be differentiated by the presence or absence of eyes, number of types of pectinate chaetae, maximum number of branchial filaments, and the shape of subacicular hooks. Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. has a pair of eyes but they are absent in M. hongkongensa . Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. has five types of pectinate chaetae (types 1, 4, 5, 6, 8) compared to four types present in M. hongkongensa (types 1, 2, 7, 8). Marphysa hongkongensa lacks thick, wide isodont and thick, narrow anodont pectinate chaetae (types 4, 5, 6) which are present in the new species. The maximum number of branchial filaments in M. merchangensis sp. nov. (L 10: 5.25 (3.45–5.85) mm) is six and they begin from chaetiger 24 (16–27) whereas M. hongkongensa (L 10: 3.3–7 mm) has a maximum of ten branchial filaments, beginning from chaetiger 15–35. Finally, M. merchangensis sp. nov. only has unidentate subacicular hooks while both unidentate and bidentate subacicular hooks are present in M. hongkongensa .</p><p>Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. is similar to M. iloiloensis and M. multipectinata in having a pair of eyes. However, they can be distinguished by the number of types of pectinate chaetae present, the chaetiger on which branchiae and subacicular hooks occur, number of branchial filaments, shape of subacicular hooks and the maxillae formula. Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. has five types of pectinate chaetae (types 1, 4, 5, 6, 8) whereas M. iloiloensis and M. multipectinata have three (types 1, 4, 6) and four (types 1, 4, 7, 8) respectively. Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. and M. iloiloensis have the same type of pectinate branchiae (beginning on the same chaetiger with different range of variation) (chaetiger 24 (16–27) for the new species, and chaetiger 19 (16–20) for M. iloiloensis). The maximum number of branchial filaments in M. merchangensis sp. nov. (TL: 94 (37–144) mm) is six, while M. iloiloensis (TL: 99 (95–165 +) mm) has a maximum of seven branchial filaments. Marphysa multipectinata (L 10: 13.9 mm) has palmate branchiae with maximum of five branchial filaments from chaetiger 32. Finally, all these species have different formulae for MII, MIII and MIV (see Table 6).</p><p>The other species from the Sanguinea complex, M. tribranchiata and M. tripectinata differ from M. merchangensis sp. nov. by the absence of eyes. Both M. tribranchiata and M. tripectinata have three types of pectinate chaetae, whereas M. merchangensis sp. nov. has five types. Marphysa tribranchiata lacks thick, wide isodont and thick, narrow anodont pectinate chaetae (types 4, 6), while M. tripectinata lacks thin, narrow isodont pectinate chaetae (type 1) which are present in the new species (types 1, 4, 5, 6, 8). While M. merchangensis sp. nov. and M. tripectinata only have unidentate subacicular hooks, they begin much later (chaetiger 170) in the latter species. Marphysa tribranchiata has both unidentate and bidentate subacicular hooks whereas only unidentate hooks are present in M. merchangensis sp. nov. The maximum number of branchiae filaments present in M. tribranchiata (L 10: 8.7 mm) and M tripectinata (L 10: 12.7 mm) are three and eight respectively, differs from M. merchangensis sp. nov. (L 10: 5.25 (3.45–5.85) mm), which has a maximum of six.</p><p>Finally, M. merchangensis sp. nov. is similar to M. orientalis by having unidentate subacicular hooks. Marphysa merchangensis sp. nov. has a pair of eyes and two pairs of anal cirri, while M. orientalis has no eyes and only one pair of anal cirri. Also, branchiae in M. merchangensis sp. nov. begin earlier from chaetiger 24 (16–27) compared to M. orientalis (chaetiger 45). The maximum number of branchial filaments in M. merchangensis sp. nov. is six, while M. orientalis has a maximum of three branchial filaments. Nevertheless, the original description of M. orientalis is incomplete and does not include certain important features such as the number and type of pectinate chaetae. Fresh material of M. orientalis should be collected and redescribed from the type locality at Gulf of Mannar, Sri Lanka.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/37BB3E0577F650AD9CA20FA6E8FDE9F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Che Engku Abdullah, Che Engku Siti Mariam;Idris, Izwandy;Fahmi, Afiq Durrani Mohd;Flaxman, Beth;Hutchings, Pat	Che Engku Abdullah, Che Engku Siti Mariam, Idris, Izwandy, Fahmi, Afiq Durrani Mohd, Flaxman, Beth, Hutchings, Pat (2024): Four new species of Marphysa (Annelida, Eunicida, Eunicidae) from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 1204: 65-103, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1204.117261
01A9E8EEC19B5AB194C50570A564565C.text	01A9E8EEC19B5AB194C50570A564565C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marphysa setiuense Che Engku Abdullah & Idris & Fahmi & Flaxman & Hutchings 2024	<div><p>Marphysa setiuense sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 11, 12, 13</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype. UMTAnn 2177, complete, antero-ventrally dissected, some parapodia mounted for SEM . Paratypes. AM W. 54050, complete, some parapodia mounted for SEM. LACM-AHF 13497 to 13499, complete, some parapodia removed; ZRC. ANN. 1607 to 1609, complete, some parapodia removed . All material was collected from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Terengganu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.753235&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=5.65305" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.753235/lat 5.65305)">Setiu Wetlands</a> (05 ° 39.183 ' N, 102 ° 45.194 ' E), October 2021.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Prostomium completely bilobed, five prostomial appendages without articulations; eyes present. Peristomium without Peristomial cirri. Maxillary apparatus with four pairs of maxillae, an unpaired on the left side, MI with falcal arch extended at sub-right angle, basal outer edge arched, basal inner edge lacking curvature. MII with triangular teeth and without attachment lamella. MIII slightly curved, with equal-sized triangular teeth, without attachment lamella, MIV with curved attachment lamella. Branchiae distributed along entire body. Dorsal cirri without articulations; postchaetal lobe well developed in anterior regions. Ventral cirri with swollen, inflated base. Sub-aciculae black, blunt, and translucent at distal end, pale brown in posterior-most parapodia. Supra-acicular chaetae include limbate, pectinate thin, narrow and wide isodont with short and slender inner teeth, and pectinate thick, wide anodont with long and slender or thick inner teeth. Subacicular chaetae include only compound spinigers. Subacicular hook unidentate, and a few bidentate present in posterior chaetigers. Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri, without articulation.</p><p>Description</p><p>(based on holotype, with variation in parentheses for paratypes). Preserved specimens beige (Fig. 11 A), ~ 154 (141–259) chaetigers, ~ 51 mm (27–75 mm) long, L 10 - 2.7 mm (2.85–4.8 mm), W 10 - 1.8 mm (1.65–2.55 mm), excluding parapodia. Anterior region of the body with dorsum convex and flat ventrum, without groove; body depressed from chaetiger 11, elongated and tapering at the distal end. Live specimens pink (Fig. 13 B, D).</p><p>Prostomium bilobed, anteriorly rounded with two dorsoventrally flattened lobes separated by an anterior notch (Fig. 11 A, B). Prostomial appendages in a semicircle, median antenna isolated by a gap (Fig. 11 B). Palps reaching chaetiger 3; lateral antennae reaching chaetiger 4; median antenna reaching chaetiger 5. Palpophores and ceratophores ring-shaped, short, and thick; palpostyles and ceratostyles tapering and slender. Prostomial appendage peduncles absent. Pair of faded brown eyes at posterior base of prostomium, between palps and lateral antennae. Peristomium similar in size (width and length) to prostomium; the first ring is 1.5 × longer than second ring, and separation between rings distinct on all sides.</p><p>Maxillae dark brown (Fig. 11 C) and maxillary formula as follows: MF = 1 + 1, 5 (4–5) + 5 (4–6), 5 (4–6) + 0, 3 (3–4) + 6 (7–8), 1 + 1. Maxillary carrier ~ 2.4 × shorter than MI, rectangular anteriorly, triangular posteriorly. MI forceps-like, without attachment lamellae, falcal arch extended at sub-right angle, basal outer edge arched, basal inner edge lacking a curvature. Closing system ~ 5 × shorter than MI. Ligament between MI and MII pale brown. MII without attachment lamella, teeth triangular, distributed along half of plate length. Ligament between MII and MIII pale brown. MIII single, longer than left MIV, slightly curved, with equal-sized triangular teeth, without attachment lamella. Left MIV short (&lt;1 / 2 the size of right MIV) with curved attachment lamellae. Right MIV long, with teeth triangular with curved attachment lamellae, decreasing in size and teeth curved posteriorly. MV paired. Mandibles dark brown (Fig. 11 D), with concentric stripes; longer than MI; cutting plates whitish.</p><p>First parapodia occur ventrolaterally, gradually becoming dorsolateral in following segments. Chaetal lobes rounded in all chaetigers (Fig. 11 G – I). Prechaetal lobe shorter than chaetal lobe along whole body. Postchaetal lobe digitiform in first three chaetigers and rounded thereafter; conical and longer than chaetal lobe in median and posterior chaetigers, becoming shorter and absent in the posterior-most chaetigers. Dorsal cirri thumb-shaped with digitiform tips, shorter than ventral cirri in anterior, digitiform with slender and tapering tips; slightly longer or similar length from mid-body onwards and shorter in posterior-most chaetigers (Fig. 11 G – I). Ventral cirri thumb-shaped with digitiform tips in the first few chaetigers, basally inflated with digitiform tip from chaetiger 15 onwards, and gradually becoming conical posteriorly (Fig. 11 G – I). Branchiae pectinate, from chaetiger 20 (15–25) and continuing to near the end (~ 8 last chaetigers without branchiae), branchial filament 4 × longer than dorsal cirri where best developed; number of filaments increasing from two anteriorly to five in mid-body, decreasing to one in last several chaetigers.</p><p>Notoaciculae absent, neuroaciculae black, blunt, and translucent at distal end on most of body, pale brown in posterior-most parapodia; ~ 2 or 3 per parapodium in anterior, one per parapodium in median and posterior chaetigers (Fig. 11 G – I). Supra-acicular chaetae with limbate capillaries and pectinates. Four types of pectinate chaetae were identified (types 1, 2, 7, 8) (see Fig. 2): type 1: thin, narrow isodont with ~ 18–22 short and slender inner teeth, outer teeth longer, but of varying lengths, present in anterior and median body region (Fig. 12 A, B); type 2: thin, wide isodont with 14–21 short and slender teeth, outer teeth same length as inner teeth, present only in anterior and posterior region (Fig. 12 C, D); type 7: thick, wide anodont with 15–18 long and slender inner teeth, only present in posterior region (Fig. 12 E, F); type 8: thick, wide anodont, with seven inner long and thick teeth, only present in posterior region (Fig. 12 F). Subacicular chaetae with compound spinigers (Fig. 12 G). Subacicular hooks unidentate (Figs 11 E, 12 H), pale brown, translucent at distal end, commencing from chaetiger 25 (21–38) and then present on all subsequent chaetigers, one per parapodium and with a few bidentate hooks in posterior chaetigers (Fig. 11 F). Pygidium with crenulated margin, with two pairs of tapering pygidial cirri attached to ventral side of pygidium, dorsal pair ~ 4 × longer than ventral one (Fig. 11 J).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The name refers to the type locality Setiu Wetlands.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>South China Sea, Malaysia, east coast of Peninsular, Terengganu, Setiu Wetlands (see Fig. 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known only from the type locality.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Slightly gravelly sand sediment (Table 4), burrowing in decayed roots of mangrove trees ( Sonneratia spp.) and area within Talipariti tiliaceum (Fig. 13 A – C), with salinity 26 ‰ during spring low tide.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>With the presence of only compound spiniger along the whole body and branchiae along most of the body, Marphysa setiuense sp. nov. belongs to Group B (Sanguinea). As mentioned earlier, there are seven other Sanguinea-group Marphysa species described from the South China Sea; M. merchangensis sp. nov., M. hongkongensa, M. iloiloensis, M. multipectinata, M. orientalis, M. tribranchiata and M. tripectinata . The most morphologically-similar species to M. setiuense sp. nov. is M. hongkongensa . Both species have four types of pectinate chaetae (two isodont and two anodont; types 1, 2, 7, 8) and have both unidentate and bidentate subacicular hooks in posterior chaetigers. However, they differ in the number of branchial filaments and the distribution of branchiae. Marphysa setiuense sp. nov. (L 10: 2.7 (2.85–4.8) mm) has a maximum of five branchial filaments while M. hongkongensa (L 10: 3.3–7 mm) has up to ten. Also, the species have different maxillae formulae. Marphysa setiuense sp. nov. has fewer denticles on MIII (5 (4–6) + 0) compared to M. hongkongensa which has MIII (7 + 0) (see Table 6).</p><p>Marphysa setiuense sp. nov. is similar to M. iloiloensis and M. multipectinata in having a pair of eyes, but they can be distinguished by the number of types of pectinate chaetae, the chaetiger on which branchiae and subacicular hooks begin, number of branchial filaments, shape of subacicular hooks and maxillae formula. Marphysa setiuense sp. nov. has four types of pectinate chaetae (types 1, 2, 7, 8) compared to three types present in M. iloiloensis (types 1, 4, 6). Marphysa multipectinata also has four types of pectinate chaetae (types 1, 4, 7, 8), but they are only present on median and posterior chaetigers, whereas in M. setiuense sp. nov., the pectinate chaetae are present throughout the body. The maximum number of branchial filament in M. setiuense sp. nov. (L 10: 2.7 (2.85–4.8) mm) is five, and up to seven for M. iloiloensis . Marphysa multipectinata (L 10: 13.9 mm) has palmate branchiae with maximum five branchial filaments and begin from chaetiger 32 whereas Marphysa setiuense sp. nov. also has a maximum of five branchial filaments but they begin from chaetiger 20 (15–25). Marphysa setiuense sp. nov. and M. multipectinata have unidentate and bidentate subacicular hooks from chaetiger 25 (21–38) and chaetiger 20, whereas M. iloiloensis has unidentate subacicular hooks only from chaetiger 30–38. All these species have different formulae for MII, MIII, and MIV (see Table 6).</p><p>The other two Marphysa species of the Sanguinea complex occurring within the South China Sea, M. tribranchiata and M. tripectinata differ from M. setiuense sp. nov. by having no eyes. They also can be differentiated by the number of types of pectinate chaetae. Marphysa tribranchiata and M. tripectinata have three types of pectinate chaetae, while M. setiuense sp. nov. has four (types 1, 2, 7, 8). Marphysa tribranchiata lacks thin, wide isodont (type 2), while M. tripectinata lacks thin, narrow isodont pectinate chaetae (type 1). Also, M. tripectinata (L 10: 12.7 mm) only has unidentate subacicular hooks, whereas M. tribranchiata (L 10: 8.7 mm) and M. setiuense sp. nov. (L 10: 2.7 (2.85–4.8) mm) have both unidentate and bidentate subacicular hooks.</p><p>Marphysa setiuense sp. nov. and M. orientalis differ by the presence or absence of eyes, shape of subacicular hooks, pair of anal cirri, the chaetiger on which the branchiae begin and the maximum number of branchial filaments. Marphysa setiuense sp. nov. has a pair of eyes and two pairs of anal cirri, while M. orientalis has no eyes and only one pair of anal cirri. The new species has unidentate and bidentate subacicular hooks while M. orientalis has only unidentate subacicular hooks. Branchiae in M. setiuense sp. nov. begin from chaetiger 20 (15–25) whereas in M. orientalis they occur from chaetiger 45. The maximum number of branchial filaments in M. setiuense sp. nov. is five, while M. orientalis only has three branchial filaments.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/01A9E8EEC19B5AB194C50570A564565C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Che Engku Abdullah, Che Engku Siti Mariam;Idris, Izwandy;Fahmi, Afiq Durrani Mohd;Flaxman, Beth;Hutchings, Pat	Che Engku Abdullah, Che Engku Siti Mariam, Idris, Izwandy, Fahmi, Afiq Durrani Mohd, Flaxman, Beth, Hutchings, Pat (2024): Four new species of Marphysa (Annelida, Eunicida, Eunicidae) from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys 1204: 65-103, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1204.117261
