taxonID	type	description	language	source
DA16437F7B01FC31FED6FD61FAE95D01.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 - 7, Tab. I) ZooBank: http: // zoobank. org / 4447027 F- 0 ACE- 41 C 4 - BEE 4 - 717297 D 6 AB 7 C	en	Ythier, Eric, Lourenço, Wilson R. (2023): Two new scorpionspecies from Central SaudiArabia (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Faunitaxys (London, England) 11 (8): 1-8, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-11(8), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15365294
DA16437F7B01FC31FED6FD61FAE95D01.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype, ♂, Saudi Arabia, Central region, Mahazat as-Sayd Reserve (22.26931 ° N 41.83913 ° E), 250 km E of Taif, on the road between Djeddah and Ryadh, between 900 - 1100 m a. s. l., III-V / 1990 (C. Launay / National Wildlife Research Center), MNHN.	en	Ythier, Eric, Lourenço, Wilson R. (2023): Two new scorpionspecies from Central SaudiArabia (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Faunitaxys (London, England) 11 (8): 1-8, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-11(8), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15365294
DA16437F7B01FC31FED6FD61FAE95D01.taxon	etymology	Etymology. – The specific name is placed in apposition to the generic name and refers to the Reserve of Mahazat as-Sayd, Saudi Arabia, where the new species occurs.	en	Ythier, Eric, Lourenço, Wilson R. (2023): Two new scorpionspecies from Central SaudiArabia (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Faunitaxys (London, England) 11 (8): 1-8, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-11(8), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15365294
DA16437F7B01FC31FED6FD61FAE95D01.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. – Scorpion of medium size when compared to other known species of the genus in Saudi Arabia, reaching a total length of 24 mm. General coloration yellowish to pale yellow without any spots; eyes surrounded by black pigment. Carinae on carapace and tergites moderately to strongly developed; granulations moderately marked. Sternites smooth, without setae. Pectines with 19 - 19 teeth in male, female unknown. Metasomal segments I-V with 10 - 10 - 10 - 10 - 5 carinae; intermediate carinae complete on I-III, incomplete on IV. Telson weakly granular with ventral and latero-ventral carinae; aculeus shorter than vesicle; subaculear tubercle vestigial. Trichobothrial pattern orthobothriotaxic, type A-β (beta). Femur and patella with moderately to strongly marked carinae. Chela slender with fingers moderately elongated, straight (without proximal gap between pedipalp chela fingers when closed). Dentate margins on movable and fixed fingers composed of 10 - 11 almost linear rows of granules; inner accessory granules reduced; outer accessory granules absent (‘ acutecarinatus’ group).	en	Ythier, Eric, Lourenço, Wilson R. (2023): Two new scorpionspecies from Central SaudiArabia (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Faunitaxys (London, England) 11 (8): 1-8, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-11(8), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15365294
DA16437F7B01FC31FED6FD61FAE95D01.taxon	description	Description (based on male holotype, measurements in Table I). Coloration. – Generally yellowish to pale yellow without any spots. Prosoma: carapace yellowish; eyes surrounded by black pigment. Mesosoma yellowish. Metasomal segments yellowish; vesicle yellowish; aculeus yellowish at the base and reddish at the tip. Venter and legs pale yellow. Chelicerae pale yellow, with teeth pale red. Pedipalps pale yellow overall; rows of granules on the dentate margins of the fingers pale red. Morphology. – Prosoma: anterior margin of carapace weakly emarginate. Carapace carinae moderately developed; anterior median, central median, posterior median and central lateral moderately marked; posterior median carinae terminating distally in a small spinoid process that extends beyond the posterior margin of the carapace. Intercarinal spaces weakly granular; almost smoothcentrally. Median ocular tubercle anterior tothe centre of the carapace; median eyes separated by more than one ocular diameter. Three pairsof lateral eyes. Mesosoma: tergites I-VI tricarinate. Lateral carinae on I-VI strongly marked; each carina terminating distally with a spinoid process that extends stronglybeyond theposterior margin of tergite. Mediancarinae on I weak; onII- VI moderate to strong, crenulate; terminating distally on each segment with a spinoid process that extends slightly beyond the posterior margin of the tergite. Tergite VII pentacarinate, with lateral pairs of carinae moderate to strong; median carinae present on proximal one-half, moderate. Intercarinal spaces moderately granular. Sternites: lateral carinae absent from sternites III-IV, vestigial on V, weak on VI, moderate, finely crenulate on VII. Submedian carinae absent from sternites III-V, vestigial on VI, moderate, finely crenulate on VII. Intercarinal spaces smooth, without setae. Pectines: pectinal tooth count 19 - 19. Metasoma: segments I-IV with ten carinae, crenulate; intermediate carinae complete on I-III, incomplete on IV. Segment V with five carinae; ventromedian carinae moderate to weak. Dorsal furrows of all segments weakly developed; intercarinal spaces weakly granular. Telson weakly granular with ventral and latero-ventral carinae; aculeus shorter than the vesicle; subaculear tubercle vestigial, rhomboid. Chelicerae with two denticles at the base of the movable finger, partially fused (Vachon, 1963). Pedipalps: trichobothrial pattern orthobothriotaxic, type A (Vachon, 1974); dorsal trichobothria of femur in β (beta) configuration (Vachon, 1975). Femur pentacarinate; all carinae moderatelycrenulate. Patella witheightcarinae; all carinae moderately marked; dorsointernal carinae with one spinoid granule. Chela slender, with fingers moderately elongated, straight (without proximal gap between pedipalp chela fingers when closed); all carinae moderately marked. Dentate margins on movable and fixed fingers composed of 10 - 11 almost linear rows of granules; inner accessory granulesreduced; outer accessorygranules absent. Legs: ventral aspect of tarsi with two rows of setae. Tibial spurs present on legs III and IV, moderate. Pedal spurs present, moderate on all legs. Relationships. – Compsobuthus mahazat sp. n. can be distinguished from the other species of Compsobuthus occurring in Saudi Arabia, notably by the following characters: (i) dentate margins on pedipalp chela movable and fixed fingers composed of 10 - 11 rows of granules (7 - 9 in C. arabicus and 9 - 10 in C. khaybari and C. setosus), (ii) outer accessory granules absent on dentate margins of chela fingers (present in C. khaybari, C. longipalpis and C. manzonii), (iii) pectines with 19 - 19 teeth in male (13 - 16 in male C. arabicus), (iv) chela fingers straight in male, without proximal gap between pedipalp chela fingers when closed (fingers scalloped in males C. khaybari, C. manzonii and C. pallidus), (v) sternite VII and ventral surface of metasoma without setae (numerous setae in C. khaybari and C. setosus).	en	Ythier, Eric, Lourenço, Wilson R. (2023): Two new scorpionspecies from Central SaudiArabia (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Faunitaxys (London, England) 11 (8): 1-8, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-11(8), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15365294
DA16437F7B00FC32FED8FB23FAB25D19.taxon	description	ZooBank: http: // zoobank. org / BA 992 DE 2 - 58 CE- 474 F- 811 A- 641 FA 7 DAF 88 D	en	Ythier, Eric, Lourenço, Wilson R. (2023): Two new scorpionspecies from Central SaudiArabia (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Faunitaxys (London, England) 11 (8): 1-8, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-11(8), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15365294
DA16437F7B00FC32FED8FB23FAB25D19.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype, ♀, Saudi Arabia, Central region, Mahazat as-Sayd Reserve (22.26931 ° N 41.83913 ° E), 250 km E of Taif, on the road between Djeddah and Ryadh, between 900 - 1100 m a. s. l., III-V / 1990 (C. Launay / National Wildlife Research Center), MNHN.	en	Ythier, Eric, Lourenço, Wilson R. (2023): Two new scorpionspecies from Central SaudiArabia (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Faunitaxys (London, England) 11 (8): 1-8, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-11(8), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15365294
DA16437F7B00FC32FED8FB23FAB25D19.taxon	etymology	Etymology. – The specific name refers to SaudiArabia, where the new species occurs.	en	Ythier, Eric, Lourenço, Wilson R. (2023): Two new scorpionspecies from Central SaudiArabia (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Faunitaxys (London, England) 11 (8): 1-8, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-11(8), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15365294
DA16437F7B00FC32FED8FB23FAB25D19.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. – Scorpion of small size when compared to other known species of the genus, reaching a total length of 22 mm. General coloration yellowish brown with darker variegated pigmentation throughoutbody and appendages. Anterior margin of carapace almost straight. Metasomal segments I-II wider than long, III-V longer than wide; ventral aspect of segment V without any granulations. Fixed and movable fingers of pedipalps with 8 - 9 rows of granules; outer accessory granules present next to the seven distal rows. Pectines with 17 - 17 teeth in female, male unknown. Trichobothriotaxy: A-β (Beta) neobothriotaxy-minorante; trichobothrium d 2 absent on femur. Trichobothrium i 2 of femur reduced (Vachon, 1974). Chela manus with trichobotrium Esb proximal to Esb; fixed finger with trichobotrium dt and et on same level.	en	Ythier, Eric, Lourenço, Wilson R. (2023): Two new scorpionspecies from Central SaudiArabia (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Faunitaxys (London, England) 11 (8): 1-8, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-11(8), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15365294
DA16437F7B00FC32FED8FB23FAB25D19.taxon	description	Description (based on female holotype, measurements in Table I). Coloration. – Basically yellowish brown with darker variegated pigmentation throughout body and appendages. Prosoma: carapace yellowish brown with blackish pigmentation anteriorly; median and lateral eyes surrounded by black pigment. Mesosoma: yellowish brown with dark brown variegated pigmentation on carinae and granulations. Metasomal 3 - 4. Chela. 3. Dorso-external aspect. 4. Ventral aspect. 5. Femur, dorsal aspect. 6 - 7. Patella. 6. Dorsal aspect. 7. External aspect. segments yellowish brown to reddish brown with darker zones over the carinae; telson yellowish with brownish variegated pigmentation; aculeus yellowish at the base and reddish at the tip. Venter: sternites yellowish with greyish to brownish variegated pigmentation, darker on VI; genital operculum and pectines yellowish with greyish pigmentation. Chelicerae yellowish with blackish variegated spots covering the entire surface; fingers yellowish with reddish teeth. Pedipalp femur and patella yellowish brown almost entirely covered with blackish variegated pigmentation; chela yellowish brown with some brownish pigmentation on manus; fingers pale yellow; oblique rows of granules on fingers pale red. Legs yellowish brown with brownish variegated pigmentation, lighter on distal segments. Morphology. – Prosoma: carapace witha thingranulationon anterior and posterior zones; central zone around ocular tubercle almost smooth; anterior margin almost straight. Carinae and furrows weakly marked. Median ocular tubercle anterior to the centre of the carapace; median eyes separated by one and half ocular diameter. Three pairs of lateral eyes. Sternum subtriangular to subpentagonal, longer thanwide. Mesosoma: tergiteswitha thin granulation; median carina weak to vestigial in all tergites. Tergite VII pentacarinate with strong carinae. Venter: sternites almost smooth, slightly chagrined, with small slit-like spiracles; VII with four carinae weakly marked. Genital operculum divided longitudinally into two sub-oval plates. Pectines: pectinal tooth count 17 - 17; basal middle lamellae not dilated. Metasomal segments rounded; I-II wider than long, III-V longer than wide. Carinae moderately marked; granulations weakly marked, almost smooth; segments I-II with ten carinae; segment III with 8 carinae; segments IV-V with dorsal carinae and punctuations; intercarinal spaces smooth dorsally, weakly granular to almost smooth laterally and ventrally; ventral aspect of segment V smooth between punctuations, without granulations; the distal region along the anal arc slightly chagrined. Telson smooth, with some minor punctuations; aculeus shorter than the vesicle and moderately curved; subaculear tooth absent. Cheliceral dentition characteristic of the family Buthidae (Vachon, 1963); movable finger with weakly marked basal teeth; ventral aspect of both finger and manus with thin setae. Pedipalps: femur with five moderate to strong carinae, granular; patella with five weakly marked carinae; chela without carinae, smooth. Fixed and movable fingers with 8 - 9 rows of granules; outer accessory granules present next to the seven distal rows. Trichobothriotaxy: A-β; neobothriotaxy‘minorante’; absence of trichobothria d 2 and e 1 on femur (Vachon, 1974, 1975); chela manuswith trichobotrium Esb proximal to Est; fixed finger with trichobotrium dt and et on same level. Legs: tarsus with two rows of setae ventrally. Tibial and pedal spurs moderately marked. Relationships. – Orthochirus arabicus sp. n. can be distinguished from the other Middle Eastern species of Orthochirus, and in particular from O. negebensis (Fig. 18), which presents the closest geographic distribution (Israel, Jordan, Sinai), notably by the following characters: (i) a smaller size (25 - 40 mm in O. negebensis), (ii) a paler coloration (black to blackish olive in O. negebensis), (iii) anterior margin of carapace almost straight (convex in O. negebensis), (iv) female metasomal segments III-V longer than wide (wider than long in female O. negebensis), (v) chela manus with trichobotrium Esb proximal to Est (distal in O. negebensis), (vi) a totally allopatric geographic distribution. Most of these characters also distinguish the news species from O. innesi (Fig. 19 - 20), which also presents a totally allopatric geographic distribution (north of Egypt and possibly the north ranges of Libya, Tunisia and Algeria). It is probable that some of the Orthochirus populations occurring in Saudi Arabia, notably in the centre of the country, can be assigned to O. arabicus sp. n. NB: during the reviewing process of this manuscript, a new Orthochirus species was described from Saudi Arabia (Kovařík & Just, 2022), in the Hajrah District, 5 km NW of At-Tinah (20.1107947 ° N 40.8434278 ° E), 1400 m a. s. l. O. katerinae Kovařík & Just, 2022 was described on the basis of 14 males (12 adults and 2 juveniles) and considered to be related but separate species from O. negebensis. Orthochirus arabicus sp. n. can be distinguished from this species notably by the following characters:	en	Ythier, Eric, Lourenço, Wilson R. (2023): Two new scorpionspecies from Central SaudiArabia (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Faunitaxys (London, England) 11 (8): 1-8, DOI: 10.57800/faunitaxys-11(8), URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15365294
