taxonID	type	description	language	source
DF17786EFF9CFFEF53C329EEFB51D818.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype major, FIJI: Viti Levu, Mt. Tomanivi 3.4 km E Navai Village, 1. ii. 2005, 1320 m, - 17.61481 °, 178.01825 °, exposed mountain summit, nesting under stone, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1789, CASENT 0171113 (FNIC). Paratypes. From same nest series as holotype: 2 alate queens (CASENT 0174000, CASENT 0171114), 1 dealate queen (CASENT 0174003), 2 males (CASENT 0174008, CASENT 0171115), 4 majors (CASENT 0174001, CASENT 0174004, CASENT 0174006, CASENT 0174009), 5 minors (CASENT 0171017, CASENT 0174002, CASENT 0174005, CASENT 0174007, CASENT 0174010) (FNIC, NMNH, ANIC); additional specimens in alcohol (NMNH). MAJOR. TL 5.60 – 6.27, HL 2.06 – 2.14, HW 2.05 – 2.12, CI 0.93 – 0.99, FL 1.51 – 1.57, FI 0.69 – 0.71, SL 1.09 – 1.12, SI 0.49 – 0.52 (5 measured). Head distinctly broader behind eyes than in front of eyes. Median ocellus absent in type series. Mesonotal process produced as a thick lamellate plate overhanging propodeum, slightly upturned apically; in dorsal view attachment to mesonotum broad, posterior margin flat to weakly excised. Propodeal spines maintaining an evenly stout thickness for basal 4 / 5 length whereupon the anterior edge angles obliquely towards the posterior edge to form an acuminate tip. In posterior view, petiole node deeply excised. Postpetiole taller than long; as tall as petiole; steep anterior and posterior faces converging to form an obtusely angulate vertex; in dorsal view subpentagonal with modest lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with straight longitudinal carinae branching into reticulate network on vertex and full length of posterolateral lobes; intercarinular spaces smooth and shining to shallowly impressed. Eye surrounded by elevated rugoreticulum. Antennal scrobe smooth and shining in some specimens, overlain by short discontinuous rugae in others. Clypeus mostly smooth and shining; anterior margin with several short carinae in addition to those extending from frontal lobes, median carinae weak to absent. Lateral portions of posterolateral lobes with a smooth and shining patch surrounded by sculpture. Head venter densely rugoreticulate. Promesonotum rugoreticulate. Anepisternum weakly rugose. Katepisternum mostly smooth and shining, occasionally with weak carinae. Petiole with anterior and posterior faces smooth, laterally and ventrally rugose. Postpetiole dorsum smooth and shining, sides rugose. First tergite of gaster with basal sculpture short and weak to absent. First sternite of gaster lightly sculptured laterally. Gaster otherwise smooth and shining. Body dark reddish-brown with lighter appendages. MINOR. TL 3.60 – 3.92, HL 0.81 – 0.89, HW 0.70 – 0.78, CI 0.87 – 0.90, FL 1.08 – 1.23, FI 1.26 – 1.39, SL 0.97 – 1.08, SI 1.16 – 1.25, AE 0.27 – 0.31, DE 0.17 – 0.20, PSI 0.55 – 0.68 (8 measured). Head, in full face view, subquadrate, sides weakly convex, posterolateral corners rounded and weakly obtuse, posterior margin flat to convex expect where weakly excised medially; in profile, posterior margin dorsoventrally pinched where dorsum and venter join at an obtuse angle. Genal carinae strongly produced as elevated flanges on ventrolateral portion of head that weaken before joining together medially. Clypeus with anterior margin convex laterally, flat to weakly convex medially. Frontal carinae terminating near eye level. Mesonotal process produced as a short lamellate plate with upwardly deflected margins; in dorsal view, attachment to mesonotum broad, posterior margin convex to excised. Propodeal spines thickening apically into a bifurcation with a short blunt anterior point and a long acuminate posterior point that projects at an oblique angle; length of dorsal edge less than length of anterior edge. Head medially smooth and shining with discontinuous and occasionally branching carinae, laterally and ventrally rugoreticulate. Clypeus with a few weak carinae attached to anterior border. Promesonotum, in dorsal view, mostly smooth and shining with a few weak and discontinuous transverse rugae. Anepisternum rugose. Katepisternum mostly smooth and shining. Dark reddish-brown with slightly lighter appendages.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF9CFFEF53C329EEFB51D818.taxon	description	QUEEN. TL 5.85 – 6.36, HL 1.27 – 1.31, HW 1.28 – 1.29, CI 0.98 – 1.01, SL 1.00 – 1.01, SI 0.76 – 0.80, FL 1.02 – 1.04, FI 0.78 – 0.79, ML 0.71 – 0.76, MI 0.55 – 0.59 (3 measured). Head subquadrate with sides approximately as wide anteriorly as posteriorly. Mesoscutum, in profile, small, less than half height of pronotum; in dorsal view, not obscuring pronotum. Scutellum, in dorsal view, with posterior portion produced as a weakly elevated circular plate. Propodeal spines maintaining an evenly stout thickness for basal 4 / 5 length whereupon the anterior edge angles obliquely towards the posterior edge to form an acuminate tip. Petiole broadly cuneate; in posterior view, petiole node flat to weakly concave. Postpetiole, in dorsal view, subpentagonal with modest lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with irregular longitudinal carinae that occasionally branch; intercarinular spaces smooth and shining to shallowly impressed. Head with lateral and ventral regions rugoreticulate. Antennal scrobe smooth and shining, overlain by short discontinuous rugae. Clypeus mostly smooth and shining; anterior margin with short carinae laterally, median carinae absent. Pronotum rugoreticulate. Mesoscutum, in dorsal view, with discontinuous rugae medially and long arcuate rugae laterally that curve towards median as they approach posterior margin. Scutellum mostly smooth and shining. Anepisternum rugoreticulate. Katepisternum mostly smooth and shining with weak rugulae. Petiole sculptured laterally, ventrally and on posterior face. Postpetiole longitudinally rugulose. First tergite of gaster longitudinally striate basally. First sternite of gaster with dense mat of fine sculpture basally. Body dark reddish-brown with lighter appendages.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF9CFFEF53C329EEFB51D818.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Bula is the Fijian word for ‘ life’ and serves as the ubiquitous greeting among Fijians.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF9CFFEF53C329EEFB51D818.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis, distribution and biology. Pheidole bula is one of the smaller members of the P. roosevelti - group, and is endowed with modestly projecting spines and strong sculpturing. The species is most readily distinguished from its close relatives by the smooth and shining spaces between its facial rugae. While P. roosevelti and P. f u rc a t a both have facial rugoreticulum (majors) or rugae (minors) similar to P. b u l a, the interspaces between their rugae are filled with densely packed foveolae, giving them a duller appearance. The minor worker can be separated from all other minors of P. roosevelti- group by the strong sculpturing of the ventral surface of its head. While the rugoreticulate face of P. bula is similar to P. roosevelti, the small queen and morphometric measurements suggest closer relationship to P. furcata from Kadavu and P. colaensis, which also occurs on Mt. Tomanivi. Although P. colaensis was encountered with relative frequency throughout the higher elevations of Mt. Tomanivi (Fiji’s tallest mountain), P. b u l a was encountered only at the mountain’s summit. The population of P. b u l a may therefore be in a precarious situation. With perhaps its closest extant relative occupying the lower elevations, and with no higher elevation to retreat to, it is possible that the current trends in climate change will consign P. bula to extinction in the near future.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF9CFFEF53C329EEFB51D818.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. FIJI. Viti Levu: Mt. Tomanivi 3.4 km E Navai Village, 1. ii. 2005, 1320 m, - 17.61481 °, 178.01825 °, moss forest, from sifted leaf litter, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1791 - 5, 3 minors (CASENT 0174011 – CASENT 0174013); Mt. Tomanivi 3.4 km E Navai Village, 1. ii. 2005, 1320 m, - 17.61481 °, 178.01825 °, exposed mountain summit, ground foraging, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1787, 3 minors (CASENT 0174014 – CASENT 0174016); Mt. Tomanivi summit, 27. viii. 2006, 1320 m, - 17.61481 °, 178.01825 °, mossy rainforest and clearing, ground nest in moss mat, (P. S. Wa rd), PSW # 15754.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF87FFED53C328C3FC2CD8B8.taxon	description	Head with sides not distinctly broader posterior to eyes than anterior to eyes. Median ocellus present and well-developed in all specimens examined. Mesonotal posterior process produced as a thick slightly upturned lamellate plate overhanging propodeum; in dorsal view attachment to mesonotum broad, posterior margin flat to excised. Propodeal spines maintaining an evenly stout thickness for basal 4 / 5 length whereupon the anterior edge angles obliquely towards the posterior edge to form an acuminate tip. In posterior view, petiole node moderately excised. Postpetiole taller than long; as tall as petiole; steep anterior and posterior faces converging to form an obtusely angulate vertex; in dorsal view subpentagonal with modest lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with straight longitudinal carinae extending onto vertex and terminating before reaching entirely smooth and shining posterolateral lobes; intercarinular spaces smooth and shining. Elevated carinae between eye and antennal insertion, eye and mandible insertion, and ventrad of eye. Antennal scrobe smooth and shining. Clypeus smooth and shining; carinae extend from anterior margin to frontal lobes. Lateral and ventrolateral portions of posterolateral lobes entirely smooth and shining, posteriorly with shallow oblong impressions. Head venter rugose. Promesonotum with weak transverse rugae. Anepisternum weakly rugose. Katepisternum entirely smooth and shining. Petiole with apical and posterior faces smooth, laterally and ventrally rugose. Postpetiole dorsum mostly smooth and shining, sides rugose. First tergite of gaster with sculpture short and weak to absent. First sternite of gaster lightly sculptured laterally at base. Gaster otherwise smooth and shining. Body reddish-brown with lighter appendages. MINOR. TL 3.34 – 3.90, HL 0.78 – 0.88, HW 0.68 – 0.81, CI 0.88 – 0.93, FL 1.12 – 1.23, FI 1.37 – 1.48, SL 0.99 – 1.06, SI 1.18 – 1.28, AE 0.27 – 0.31, DE 0.08 – 0.22, PSI 0.29 – 0.77 (8 measured). Head, in full face view, subquadrate, sides convex, posterolateral corners rounded and obtuse, posterior margin flat to convex expect where weakly excised medially; in profile, posterior margin dorsoventrally pinched where dorsum and venter join at an obtuse angle. Genal carinae produced as an inconspicuous collar surrounding ventral foramen. Clypeus with anterior margin convex laterally, flat to weakly convex medially. Frontal carinae terminating near eye level. Mesonotal process produced as a lamellate plate with upwardly deflected margins; in dorsal view, attachment to mesonotum broad, posterior margin excised. Propodeal spines thickening apically into a weak bifurcation with a short anterior point or blunt angle, and a long acuminate posterior point that projects at an oblique angle; length of dorsal edge less than length of anterior edge. Head entirely smooth and shining except for weak longitudinal carinae below level of eyes. Clypeus with a few weak carinae attached to anterior border. Promesonotum, in dorsal view, smooth and shining. Anepisternum rugose. Katepisternum mostly smooth and shining. Reddish-brown with slightly lighter appendages. QUEEN. TL 6.44 – 6.77, HL 1.27 – 1.30, HW 1.29 – 1.35, CI 1.02 – 1.03, SL 0.99, SI 0.76 – 0.78, FL 1.34 – 1.35, FI 1.04 – 1.05, ML 0.55 – 0.57, MI 0.86 – 0.89 (2 measured). Head subquadrate with sides approximately as wide anteriorly as posteriorly. Mesoscutum, in profile, small, less than half height of pronotum; in dorsal view, not obscuring pronotum. Scutellum, in dorsal view, with posterior portion produced as a weakly elevated circular plate. Propodeal spines maintaining an evenly stout thickness for basal 4 / 5 length whereupon the anterior edge angles obliquely towards the posterior edge to form an acuminate tip. Petiole broadly cuneate; in posterior view, petiole node concave. Postpetiole, in dorsal view, subpentagonal with modest lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with straight unbranching longitudinal carinae terminating before obtaining posterior margin; intercarinular spaces smooth and shining. Region between eyes and antennal insertions with elevated arcuate carinae. Posterolateral corners of head smooth and shining. Head venter mostly smooth and shining, weak sculpture present medially. Antennal scrobe smooth and shining. Clypeus mostly smooth and shining; anterior margin with short carinae laterally, median carinae absent. Pronotum mostly smooth and shining, rugoreticulate posteriorly. Mesoscutum, in dorsal view, with discontinuous rugae medially and long arcuate rugae laterally that curve towards median as they approach posterior margin. Scutellum mostly smooth and shining. Anepisternum rugoreticulate. Katepisternum mostly smooth and shining with weak rugulae. Petiole sculptured laterally and ventrally, anterior and posterior faces smooth and shining. Postpetiole with anterior face transversely rugulose, dorsum and posterior face smooth and shining. First tergite of gaster longitudinally costulate basally, sculpture immediately posterior to postpetiole shorter than length of postpetiole. First sternite of gaster sculptured basally. Body reddish-brown with lighter appendages.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF87FFED53C328C3FC2CD8B8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis, distribution and biology. Pheidole colaensis is most readily distinguished from other P. roosevelti - group species by its shiny integument and reduced sculpture. Pheidole colaensis is the only species in which the posterolateral lobes of the major caste are entirely free of sculpture. While the minor workers of the Vanua Levu species P. pegasus and P. uncagena also lack facial sculpturing above eye level, the propodeal spines of P. colaensis bear a distinctly shorter dorsal edge. Although Mann (1921) uses the presence of the median ocellus to distinguish P. colaensis from P. roosevelti, a review of material subsequently collected proves the character to be relatively variable. While all majors of P. colaensis examined by the author bear a prominent, well-developed median ocellus, the feature ranges from completely absent to poorly developed in the examined majors of P. roosevelti, often varying even within nest series. An even greater range of variability is seen within the type series of P. pegasus. While P. colaensis appears to be restricted to the few high elevation ranges of Viti Levu, the species is locally abundant where it occurs. Pheidole colaensis is widely sympatric with P. roosevelti, with the former tending to occupy the higher elevations (800 m – 1,300 m) and the latter preferring a slightly lower range (300 m – 1,000 m). Although P. c o l a e n s i s majors are scarce and timid, the minors can be observed foraging about the leaf litter some distance from their nests. The nest entrance of P. colaensis typically consists of a single turret built of small soil pellets that rises 3 – 5 cm above the ground, and leads to chambers over one meter deep that contain many hundreds or thousands of workers. The multiple dealate queens recovered from nest excavations suggest that the species might be polygynous. The queens of P. colaensis, like those of P. bula and P. f u rc a t a, are small with reduced mesosomas.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF87FFED53C328C3FC2CD8B8.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. FIJI. Viti Levu: Koroyanitu National Heritage Park Mt. Batilamu near summit 3.2 km SE Abaca Village, 24. viii. 2006, 1125 m, - 17.56944 °, 177.97000 °, high elevation wet forest, from turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2332, 3 majors (CASENT 0174017, CASENT 0174020, CASENT 0174023), 6 minors (CASENT 0174018 – CASENT 0174022, CASENT 0174024, CASENT 0174025); Monasavu Rd. 1.75 km SE Waimoque Settlement, 28. viii. 2006, 850 m, - 17.67035 °, 177.99375 °, from turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2365, 2 dealate queens (CASENT 0174041, CASENT 0174044), 7 majors (CASENT 0174042, CASENT 0174045, CASENT 0174047, CASENT 0174050, CASENT 0174051, CASENT 0174053, CASENT 0174055), 7 minors (CASENT 0174043, CASENT 0174046, CASENT 0174048, CASENT 0174049, CASENT 0174052, CASENT 0174054, CASENT 0174056); 7 km S Monasavu Dam near powerstation headquarters, 2. ii. 2005, 800 m, - 17.81018 °, 178.03773 °, from sifted leaf litter, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1806, 3 minors (CASENT 0174036 – CASENT 0174038); 7 km S Monasavu Dam near powerstation headquarters, 2. ii. 2005, 800 m, - 17.81018 °, 178.03773 °, from sifted leaf litter, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1808, 1 minor (CASENT 0174039); Mt. Tomanivi 8 km ESE Navai Village, 3. ii. 2005, 1023 m, - 17.62415 °, 178.00558 °, mid-elevation rainforest, foraging, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1823, 4 majors (CASENT 0171103, CASENT 0174026 – CASENT 0174028), 5 majors (CASENT 0171020, CASENT 0174029, CASENT 0174057 – CASENT 0174059); 3 km E Navai Village trail to Mt. Tomanivi, 1. ii. 2005, 1105 m, - 17.51850 °, 178.00680 °, mid-elevation rainforest, from turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1784, 3 minors (CASENT 0174030 – CASENT 0174032); 3.2 km E Navai Village, trail to Mt. Tomanivi, 1. ii. 2005, 1294 m, - 17.61583 °, 178.01683 °, moss forest, ground foraging, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1785, 3 minors (CASENT 0174033 – CASENT 0174035).	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF85FFEB53C32963FE22DB58.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype major, FIJI: Kadavu, Mt. Washington 1.4 km SSW Lomaji Village, 5. ix. 2006, 760 m, - 19.11806 °, 177.98750 °, high elevation moss forest, turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2407, CASENT 0171111, (FNIC). Paratypes. From same nest series as holotype: 4 dealate queens (CASENT 0171112, CASENT 0174063, CASENT 0174069, CASENT 0174072), 11 majors (CASENT 0171111, CASENT 0174060, CASENT 0174061, CASENT 0174064, CASENT 0174066, CASENT 0174067, CASENT 0174070, CASENT 0174073, CASENT 0174075, CASENT 0174076, CASENT 0174078, CASENT 0174079), 8 minors (CASENT 0171025, CASENT 0174062, CASENT 0174065, CASENT 0174068, CASENT 0174071, CASENT 0174074, CASENT 0174077, CASENT 0174080), (FNIC, NMNH, ANIC, MCZ, LACM); additional specimens in alcohol (NMNH). MAJOR. TL 6.01 – 6.61, HL 1.95 – 2.04, HW 1.82 – 1.96, CI 0.92 – 0.96, FL 1.31 – 1.41, FI 0.64 – 0.72, SL 0.99 – 1.04, SI 0.49 – 0.53 (7 measured). Head with sides not distinctly broader posterior to eyes than anterior to eyes. Median ocellus absent in all specimens examined. Mesonotal process produced as a thick lamellate plate overhanging propodeum; in dorsal view attachment to mesonotum broad, posterior margin flat to excised. Propodeal spines maintaining an evenly stout thickness for basal 4 / 5 length whereupon the anterior edge angles obliquely towards the posterior edge to form a posteriorly projecting acuminate tip. Petiole node, in posterior view, moderately excised. Postpetiole taller than long; as tall as petiole; steep anterior and posterior faces converging to form an obtusely angulate vertex; in dorsal view subpentagonal with modest lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with straight longitudinal carinae that extend unto vertex before integrating with a finely produced rugoreticulum on the posterolateral lobes. Posterolateral lobes, in full face view, with rugoreticulum terminating before obtaining posterior margin. Intercarinular spaces smooth and shining between frontal carinae; moderately foveolate on vertex and posterolateral lobes. Eye surrounded by elevated carinae. Antennal scrobe foveolate and overlain by short carinae. Clypeus smooth and shining; anterior margin with several carinae laterally, some of which extend onto frontal lobes, median carina weak to absent. Lateral and ventrolateral portions of posterolateral lobes mostly smooth and shining, posteriorly with shallow oblong impressions. Head venter rugoreticulate. Promesonotum rugoreticulate. Anepisternum weakly rugoreticulate. Katepisternum weakly striate. Petiole with apical and posterior faces smooth, laterally and ventrally rugose. Postpetiole transversely rugose, sides rugose. Gaster costulate on basal quarter of first segment; sternite of first segment striate laterally; elsewhere smooth and shining. Body reddish-brown with lighter appendages. MINOR. TL 3.55 – 3.85, HL 0.79 – 0.83, HW 0.72 – 0.77, CI 0.90 – 0.92, FL 1.09 – 1.15, FI 1.37 – 1.41, SL 0.99 – 1.05, SI 1.21 – 1.29, AE 0.29 – 0.31, DE 0.18 – 0.23, PSI 0.59 – 0.78 (8 measured). Head, in full face view, subquadrate, sides weakly convex, posterolateral corners rounded and weakly obtuse, posterior margin flat to convex; in profile, posterior margin dorsoventrally pinched where dorsum and venter join at an obtuse angle. Genal carinae weakly produced on ventrolateral portion of head. Clypeus with anterior margin convex laterally, flat to weakly convex medially. Frontal carinae terminating near eye level or integrating with rugoreticulum. Mesonotal process produced as a short lamellate plate with upwardly deflected margins; in dorsal view, attachment to mesonotum broad, posterior margin flat to weakly concave. Propodeal spines thickening apically into a bifurcation with a short anterior point or angle and a long acuminate posterior point that projects at an oblique angle; length of dorsal edge less than length of anterior edge. Head dorsally rugoreticulate with weak foveolate ground sculpture, ventrally smooth and shining. Clypeus with a few weak carinae attached to anterior border. Promesonotum, in dorsal view, mostly smooth and shining with a few weak and discontinuous transverse rugae. Anepisternum rugose. Katepisternum mostly smooth and shining. Reddish-brown with slightly lighter appendages.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF85FFEB53C32963FE22DB58.taxon	description	QUEEN. TL 5.90 – 5.95, HL 1.14 – 1.17, HW 1.12 – 1.18, CI 0.98 – 1.01, SL 0.97 – 1.00, SI 0.84 – 0.85, FL 1.08 – 1.30, FI 0.94 – 1.11, ML 0.51 – 0.53, MI 0.94 – 1.01 (3 measured). Head subquadrate with sides approximately as wide anteriorly as posteriorly. Mesoscutum, in profile, small, less than half height of pronotum; in dorsal view, not obscuring pronotum. Scutellum, in dorsal view, with posterior portion produced as a weakly elevated circular plate. Propodeal spines maintaining an evenly stout thickness for basal 4 / 5 length whereupon the anterior edge angles obliquely towards the posterior edge to form an acuminate tip. Petiole broadly cuneate; in posterior view, petiole node flat to weakly concave. Postpetiole, in dorsal view, subpentagonal with modest lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with straight longitudinal carinae that become rugoreticulate near posterior margin. Region between eyes and antennal insertions with crenulated rugoreticulum that continues to posterolateral corners; intercarinular spaces densely packed with foveolae. Head venter mostly smooth and shining, weak sculpture present medially. Antennal scrobe smooth and shining. Clypeus mostly smooth and shining; anterior margin with short carinae laterally, median carinae absent. Pronotum with scattered rugulae. Mesoscutum, in dorsal view, smooth and shining anteriorly with arcuate rugae laterally that curve towards median as they approach posterior margin. Scutellum mostly smooth and shining. Anepisternum rugoreticulate. Katepisternum mostly smooth and shining with weak rugulae. Petiole sculptured laterally and ventrally, anterior and posterior faces smooth and shining. Postpetiole with anterior face and dorsum rugulose. First tergite of gaster longitudinally sculptured basally, sculpture immediately posterior to postpetiole longer than length of postpetiole. First sternite of gaster sculptured basally. Body reddish-brown with lighter appendages.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF85FFEB53C32963FE22DB58.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet furcata is a noun in apposition derived from furca, the Latin word for fork, to describe the bifurcate propodeal spines of the species.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF85FFEB53C32963FE22DB58.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis, distribution and biology. Pheidole furcata, owing to its strong facial sculpture, is most similar to P. bula and P. roosevelti in appearance. Whereas the facial sculpture of majors, in full face view, of P. bula and P. roosevelti reaches the posterior margin, that of P. f u rc a t a is conspicuously shorter, leaving the posterior margin smooth and shining. The minor of P. f u rc a t a is separated from these other two species by the completely smooth and shining ventral surface of its head. Known only from Mt. Washington, P. f u rc a t a is also the only species of the P. roosevelti - group known from the southern island of Kadavu. Whereas many of the P. roosevelti - group species are locally abundant where they occur, no foragers of P. furcata were observed at the type locality during the afternoon spent on the mountain. The collection was made by locating the signature earthen turret entrance of a nest rising several cm above the surrounding bare soil. Like P. bula and P. c o l a e n s i s, the queens of this species have strongly reduced mesosomas.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF83FFEA53C32B03FE0EDC58.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype major, FIJI: Vanua Levu, Mt. Delaikoro 4.3 km SE Dogoru Village, 31. vii. 2006, 910 m, - 16.59028 °, 179.31580 °, high elevation moss forest, from turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2370, CASENT 0171108, (FNIC). Paratypes. From same nest series as holotype: 1 dealate queen (CASENT 0171109), 2 majors (CASENT 0171108, CASENT 0174264, CASENT 0174267), 10 minors (CASENT 0171024, CASENT 0174265, CASENT 0174266, CASENT 0174268 – CASENT 0174275), (FNIC, NMNH, ANIC, LACM); additional specimens in alcohol (NMNH). MAJOR. TL 6.45 – 6.98, HL 2.18 – 2.37, HW 2.20 – 2.35, CI 0.98 – 0.99, FL 1.59 – 1.66, FI 0.70 – 0.73, SL 1.15 – 1.19, SI 0.50 – 0.53 (2 measured). Head with sides distinctly broader behind eyes than in front of eyes. Median ocellus present in two of the three specimens examined. Mesonotal posterior process produced as a thick, upturned plate overhanging propodeum, in dorsal view attachment to mesonotum broad, posterior margin flat to excised. Propodeal spines, in profile, with posteriorly projecting dorsal edge as long as or longer than anterior edge. Petiole node, in posterior view, with dorsum and sides deeply excised. Postpetiole taller than long; shorter than petiole; steep anterior and posterior faces converging to form an obtusely angulate vertex; in dorsal view subpentagonal with strong lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with straight longitudinal carinae that extend onto the posterolateral lobes; intercarinular spaces smooth and shining. Eye surrounded by elevated carinae. Antennal scrobe smooth and shining. Clypeus mostly smooth and shining; anterior margin with several carinae extending to frontal lobes; median carina weak to absent. Posterolateral portion of posterolateral lobes smooth and shining. Head venter rugose. Promesonotum transversely rugose. Anepisternum weakly rugose. Katepisternum mostly smooth and shining, occasionally with weak striae. Petiole with apical and posterior faces smooth, laterally and ventrally rugose. Postpetiole anterior face with weak transverse striae; dorsum and posterior face smooth with a few weak transverse carinae. Gaster striate-foveolate on basal fifth of first segment; sternite of first segment with arcuate striae; elsewhere smooth and shining. Body reddish-brown with lighter appendages. MINOR. TL 3.91 – 4.39, HL 0.90 – 0.97, HW 0.83 – 0.89, CI 0.92 – 0.96, FL 1.38 – 1.42, FI 1.45 – 1.56, SL 1.21 – 1.27, SI 1.29 – 1.39, AE 0.29 – 0.33, DE 0.46 – 0.50, PSI 1.46 – 1.71 (9 measured). Head, in full face view, subquadrate, sides convex, posterolateral corners rounded and obtuse, posterior margin flat laterally and concave medially; in profile, posterior margin strongly dorsoventrally pinched where dorsum and venter join at an acute angle. Genal carinae produced as a weakly elevated collar surrounding ventral foramen. Clypeus with anterior margin convex laterally and flat to weakly concave medially. Frontal carinae weak and terminating before eye level. Mesonotal process produced as a lamellate plate with upwardly deflected margins; in dorsal view, attachment to mesonotum broad, posterior margin moderately to strongly concave. Propodeal spines thickening apically into a bifurcation with a short anterior point or angle, and a long acuminate posterior point that projects at an oblique angle; length of dorsal edge approximately 1.5 times length of anterior edge. Head smooth and shining on all surfaces. Clypeus occasionally with a few weak carinae attached to anterior border. Promesonotum, in dorsal view, mostly smooth and shining with a few very weak transverse impressions. Anepisternum smooth and shining. Katepisternum smooth and shining. Metapleuron smooth and shining with single carinae bordering metapleural gland. Head and mesosoma reddish-brown; waist, gaster and legs paler.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF83FFEA53C32B03FE0EDC58.taxon	description	QUEEN. TL 8.77, HL 1.73, HW 1.95, CI 1.13, SL 1.24, SI 0.72, FL 1.67, FI 0.97, ML 0.73, MI 0.88 (1 measured). Head subcordate with sides conspicuously narrower anteriorly than posteriorly. Mesoscutum, in profile, massive, approximately equal height as pronotum; in dorsal view, obscuring pronotum. Scutellum, in dorsal view, with posterior portion produced as a weakly elevated subtriangular plate. Propodeal spines with strongly projecting dorsal edge subequal in length to anterior edge. Petiole broadly cuneate; in posterior view, petiole node broad with strongly concave dorsum and moderately concave sides. Postpetiole, in dorsal view, subpentagonal with strong lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with straight longitudinal carinae that reach posterior margin. Region between eyes and antennal insertions with elevated carinae that continue to posterolateral corners; intercarinular spaces smooth and shining. Head venter with arcuate carinae bending toward median. Antennal scrobe smooth and shining. Clypeus mostly smooth and shining; anterior margin with short carinae laterally, median carinae present. Pronotum rugose and rugoreticulate. Mesoscutum, in dorsal view, with straight carinae that run posteriorly towards median. Scutellum densely rugose. Anepisternum rugose dorsally. Katepisternum rugose anteriorly. Petiole rugulose. Postpetiole rugulose. First tergite of gaster longitudinally sculptured basally, sculpture immediately posterior to postpetiole longer than length of postpetiole. First sternite of gaster sculptured basally. Dark reddish-brown with lighter appendages.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF83FFEA53C32B03FE0EDC58.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet pegasus is a noun in apposition in reference to the horse beast of Greek mythology, whose wings bear resemblance to the extraordinary propodeal spines of this species.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF83FFEA53C32B03FE0EDC58.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis, distribution and biology. Pheidole pegasus, on account of its large size, long limbs, glassy integument, and extraordinarily long propodeal spines, is arguably the most distinctive species of the roosevelti group. The only species that it can be confused with is P. uncagena, with which it is sympatric. The major of P. pegasus can be distinguished from that of P. uncagena by the long dorsal edge of the propodeal spine and a broadly attached mesonotal process. The most distinctive differences between the minors of the two species, besides the longer spines and limbs of P. pegasus, are both found on the head. Whereas P. pegasus has a strongly ventrodorsally flattened subquadrate head and inconspicuous genal carinae, the head of P. uncagena is subovate, less flattened, and bears genal carinae that are produced conspicuously as elevated flanges. Although P. pegasus is known only from the summit of Mt. Delaikoro, the species may occur on other tall peaks of Vanua Levu that remain unexplored. Where it does occur, it is locally abundant. The single turret of the nest belonging to the type series had a 5 mm diameter entrance hole, and was also insulated by a tidy ring of vegetation debris apparently placed there by workers. The queens of the species are large, with strongly developed mesosomas.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF82FFE753C32C03FC91DDE0.taxon	description	Head with sides not distinctly broader behind eyes than in front of eyes. Median ocellus usually absent; when present small and poorly formed. In profile, posterior process modestly produced as a thick upturned lamellate plate; in dorsal view attachment to mesonotum broad to attenuated, posterior margin deeply excised. Propodeal spines maintaining an evenly stout thickness for basal 4 / 5 length whereupon the anterior edge angles obliquely towards the posterior edge to form an acuminate tip; variation in length of dorsal edge. In posterior view, petiole node dorsum deeply excised. Postpetiole taller than long; subequal height as petiole; steep anterior and posterior faces converging to form an obtusely angulate vertex; in dorsal view subpentagonal with moderate lateral projections. Region between frontal lobes with straight longitudinal carinae that integrate with a strong rugoreticulum upon reaching vertex; rugoreticulum extends to posterior margin of posterolateral lobes. Intercarinular spaces packed with a dense network of well-defined overlapping foveolae. Median strip of short transverse rugae bisects posterolateral lobes. Crenulate carinae between eyes and frontal carinae. Antennal scrobe foveolate; overlain by short rugae. Clypeus mostly smooth and shining; anterior margin with several carinae extending to frontal lobes; median carina weak to absent. Ventrolateral portion of posterolateral lobes smooth and shining. Head venter rugoreticulate. Promesonotum rugoreticulate. Anepisternum rugose. Katepisternum striate. Petiole with apical and posterior faces mostly smooth, laterally and ventrally rugose. Postpetiole anterior face with weak transverse striae; dorsum and posterior face rugulose with foveolate interspaces. First tergite of gaster with long and dense to short and sparse sculpturing basally. First sternite of gaster lightly sculptured laterally. Gaster otherwise smooth and shining. Body reddish-brown with lighter appendages; some individuals with head distinctly more red than body. MINOR. TL 3.48 – 4.25, HL 0.81 – 0.90, HW 0.75 – 0.84, CI 0.91 – 0.96, FL 1.09 – 1.27, FI 1.35 – 1.47, SL 1.04 – 1.13, SI 1.25 – 1.32, AE 0.29 – 0.35, DE 0.20 – 0.27, PSI 0.60 – 0.92 (10 measured). Head, in full face view, subquadrate, sides weakly convex, posterolateral corners rounded and weakly obtuse, posterior margin flat to convex laterally, moderately to strongly excised medially; in profile, posterolateral corners dorsoventrally pinched with carinate margins. Genal carinae moderately elevated on ventrolateral portion of head, terminate without joining together medially on head venter. Clypeus with anterior margin convex laterally, flat to weakly concave medially. Frontal carinae terminating near eye level or integrating with rugoreticulum posteriorly. Mesonotal process produced as a thin lamellate plate with upwardly deflected margins; in dorsal view, attachment to mesonotum broad, posterior margin moderately to strongly concave. Propodeal spines thickening apically into a bifurcation with a short anterior point or angle, and a long acuminate posterior point that projects at an oblique angle; length of dorsal edge less than length of anterior edge. Head dorsally rugoreticulate with densely packed foveolate ground sculpture, ventrally smooth and shining without rugae or ground sculpture. Clypeus with a few weak carinae attached to anterior border, weak median carina occasionally present. Promesonotum, in dorsal view, strongly rugoreticulate. Anepisternum rugose. Katepisternum mostly smooth and shining. Light reddish-brown with slightly lighter appendages. QUEEN. TL 7.43 – 8.01, HL 1.37 – 1.52, HW 1.55 – 1.70, CI 1.12 – 1.13, SL 1.00 – 1.05, SI 0.69 – 0.73, FL 1.38 – 1.48, FI 0.94 – 1.03, ML 0.77 – 0.80, MI 0.91 – 0.94 (6 measured). Head subquadrate with sides narrower anteriorly than posteriorly. Mesoscutum, in profile, massive, approximately equal height as pronotum; in dorsal view, obscuring pronotum. Scutellum, in dorsal view, with posterior portion produced as a weakly elevated subtriangular plate. Propodeal spines maintaining an evenly stout thickness for basal 4 / 5 length whereupon the anterior edge angles obliquely towards the posterior edge to form an acuminate tip. Petiole broadly cuneate; in posterior view, petiole node broad with dorsum strongly excised. Postpetiole, in dorsal view, subpentagonal with moderate lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with crenulated longitudinal occasionally branching carinae that become rugoreticulate near posterior margin. Region between eyes and antennal insertions with elevated crenulated carinae that become rugoreticulate at posterolateral corners; intercarinular spaces densely packed with overlapping foveolae. Head venter rugoreticulate. Antennal scrobe foveolate. Clypeus mostly smooth and shining; anterior margin with short carinae laterally, median carinae present. Pronotum rugoreticulate. Mesoscutum, in dorsal view, with straight parallel carinae that run posteriorly towards median. Scutellum rugulose medially, rugoreticulate laterally. Anepisternum rugose. Katepisternum rugose. Petiole rugose. Postpetiole rugoreticulate. First tergite of gaster longitudinally sculptured basally, sculpture immediately posterior to postpetiole approximately as long as length of postpetiole. First sternite of gaster sculptured basally. Reddish-brown with lighter appendages.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF82FFE753C32C03FC91DDE0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis, distribution and biology. Pheidole roosevelti is a large species, most recognizable by the heavy sculpturing present on its face and promesonotum. The two other species with rugoreticulate faces are P. f u rc a t a from Kadavu, and P. b u l a from Viti Levu. In addition to the differences elaborated within the discussions of these other species, the majors and minors of P. roosevelti can be separated by the strongly produced facial rugoreticulum overlying a densely foveolate ground sculpture and thickly rugoreticulate mesosoma. Unlike P. f u rc a t a and P. bula, in which the queen caste is characterized by its smaller size and much reduced mesosoma, the queens of P. ro o s e v e l t i, with their larger size and strongly developed mesosomas, bear closer resemblance to their northern relatives (P. pegasus, P. simplispinosa). With the possible exception of P. simplispinosa, P. roosevelti exhibits the most intraspecific variation of any P. roosevelti - group species. Features that vary with high frequency are observed most easily in the minor caste, and include the length, shape and thickness of the propodeal spines, the sculpture of the median face region, the shape of the posterior margin of the face, and the strength of the facial rugoreticulum. A large nest series from Koroyanitu in western Viti Levu reveals that there can be significant variation even within the same colony. The propodeal spines and shape of the posterior margin of the head are two features that vary strongly. The pattern of facial foveolae, in contrast, appears to remain more constant among nest mates. The observed variation in shape and sculpture may, in part, be due to the wide range claimed by the species. Unlike many of its close relatives, P. roosevelti does not appear to be restricted to the upper elevational limits of Fiji’s mountain ranges (Fig. 95), thus allowing its population to span significantly more suitable habitat. The type series collected by Mann appears to occupy a relatively extreme position in the phenotypic continuum of the species. The faces of the minor workers of the series are characterized by deeply excised posterior margins, coarser foveolae and a smoother median region. The material most closely resembling Mann’s Nadarivatu type series are two workers collected from Mt. Naqaranabuluti, which lies within the Nadarivatu area. The faces of workers collected to the south of the same central mountain range (Monasavu Dam area), however, differ markedly in their narrower nearly flat posterior margins and finer, more extensive foveolae. Despite Ovalau’s current isolation from Viti Levu, the morphological variation observed in material collected from the small island does not appear to be greater between series from Ovalau and Viti Levu than within the Ovalau series. If a characterization is to be made, however, it is that the Ovalau material is more similar to that of the southern and western Viti Levu than to the northern region of the type locality. Pheidole roosevelti is quite abundant where it occurs, and foragers can often be observed foraging on the ground and on vegetation. They nest in chambers deep underground in the soil, and the entrance to the nest is a turret approximately 2 cm tall and 0.5 cm wide that is composed of soil pellets. One nest found on the top of a mountain in Ovalau had three such turrets leading to the chambers below.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF82FFE753C32C03FC91DDE0.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. FIJI. Ovalau: 1.2 km NNW Draiba Village, 25. vi. 2003, 300 m, - 17.69028 °, 178.82483 °, lowland rainforest, from sifted leaf litter, (Rakabula), FJLA 316 _ K 03, 10 minors (CASENT 0174161 – CASENT 0174170); 1.3 km SE Levuka, 6. ii. 2007, 450 m, - 17.68728 °, 178.82527 °, rainforest, sifted litter, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2454, 2 workers (CASENT 0174188, CASENT 0174189); 1.6 km WSW Levuka, 6. ii. 2007, 400 m, - 17.68710 °, 178.82350 °, rainforest, turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2456, 1 dealate queen (CASENT 0174141), 6 majors (CASENT 0174137, CASENT 0174138, CASENT 0174142, CASENT 0174145, CASENT 0174148, CASENT 0174151), 13 minors (CASENT 0174124, CASENT 0174125, CASENT 0174139, CASENT 0174140, CASENT 0174143, CASENT 0174146, CASENT 0174147, CASENT 0174149, CASENT 0174150, CASENT 0174152 – CASENT 0174155); 1.6 km WSW Levuka, 6. ii. 2007, 400 m, - 17.68710 °, 178.82350 °, rainforest, turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2458, 1 dealate queen (CASENT 0174200), 2 males (CASENT 0174197, CASENT 0174203), 4 majors (CASENT 0174193, CASENT 0174195, CASENT 0174198, CASENT 0174201), six minors (CASENT 0174194, CASENT 0174196, CASENT 0174199, CASENT 0174202, CASENT 0174204, CASENT 0174205); 1.6 km WSW Levuka, 6. ii. 2007, 400 m, - 17.68710 °, 178.82350 °, rainforest, turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2459, 5 minors (CASENT 0174156 – CASENT 0174160); 2.4 km W Levuka, 7. ii. 2007, 500 m, - 17.68200 °, 178.81247 °, moss forest, turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2464, 1 dealate queen (CASENT 0174182), 5 majors (CASENT 0174171, CASENT 0174174, CASENT 0174177, CASENT 0174183, CASENT 0174185); 11 minors (CASENT 0174172, CASENT 0174173, CASENT 0174175, CASENT 0174176, CASENT 0174178 – CASENT 0174181, CASENT 0174184, CASENT 0174186, CASENT 0174187); Viti Levu: Koroyanitu EcoPark 1.8 km NE Abaca Village, 19. iii. 2003, 700 m, - 17.66667 °, 177.56333 °, from sifted leaf litter, (E / M / Sarnat), FJVL 300 _ K 01, 1 minor (CASENT 0174144); Koroyanitu National Heritage Park Mt. Batilamu 2 km SE Abaca Village, 24. viii. 2006, 840 m, - 17.67939 °, 177.54194 °, primary rainforest, on stone, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2331, 1 major (CASENT 0174099), 2 minors (CASENT 0174100, CASENT 0174101); Koroyanitu National Heritage Park Mt. Batilamu 2 km SE Abaca Village, 24. viii. 2006, 840 m, - 17.67939 °, 177.54194 °, primary rainforest, on stone, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2325, 7 minors (CASENT 0174102 – CASENT 0174105, CASENT 0174130 – CASENT 0174132); Koroyanitu National Heritage Park Mt. Batilamu 2 km SE Abaca Village, 24. viii. 2006, 840 m, - 17.67939 °, 177.54194 °, primary rainforest, on stone, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2333, 4 minors (CASENT 0174133 – CASENT 0174136); Koroyanitu National Heritage Park Savione Falls 2 km ESE Abaca Village, 25. viii. 2006, 650 m, - 17.67593 °, 177.55015 °, rainforest, from turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2343, 1 dealate queen (CASENT 0174090), 5 majors (CASENT 0174081, CASENT 0174087, CASENT 0174091, CASENT 0174093, CASENT 0174096); 14 minors (CASENT 0171023, CASENT 0174082 – CASENT 0174086, CASENT 0174088, CASENT 0174089, CASENT 0174092, CASENT 0174094, CASENT 0174095, CASENT 0174097, CASENT 014098, CASENT 0174126); Mt. Korobaba near Lami Town, 7. viii. 2003, 300 m, - 18.01667 °, 178.35000 °, lowland rainforest, from sifted lead litter, (M. Tokota’a), FJVL 303 _ K 05, 3 minors (CASENT 0174111 – CASENT 0174113); Mt. Korobaba near Lami Town, 15. viii. 2003, 300 m, - 18.01667 °, 178.35000 °, lowland rainforest, from sifted lead litter, (M. Tokota’a), FJVL 303 _ K 01, 1 minor (CASENT 0174114); Mt. Korobaba 5 km NW Lami Town, 5. vi. 2005, 304 m, - 18.08803 °, 178.37603 °, primary rainforest, nesting in soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1968, 3 minors (CASENT 0174127 – CASENT 0174129); 7 km S Monasavu Dam near powerstation headquarters, 2. ii. 2005, 800 m, - 17.81018 °, 178.03773 °, from sifted leaf litter, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1806, 3 minors (CASENT 0174106, CASENT 0174107, CASENT 0174108); 7 km S Monasavu Dam near powerstation headquarters, 2. ii. 2005, 800 m, - 17.81018 °, 178.03773 °, from sifted leaf litter, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1808, 1 minor (CASENT 0174109); Nadala, 1. xii. 1954, montane rainforest, (E. O. Wilson), 3 minors (CASENT 0174190 – CASENT 0174192); 2.7 km NE Naikorokoro Village, 27. v. 2003, 300 m, - 18.08722 °, 178.33139 °, lowland rainforest, from sifted leaf litter, (A. Rakabula), FJVL 319 _ K 01, 4 minors (CASENT 0174118 – CASENT 0174120, CASENT 0174207); 2.7 km NE Naikorokoro Village, 27. v. 2003, 300 m, - 18.08722 °, 178.33139 °, lowland rainforest, from sifted leaf litter, (A. Rakabula), FJVL 319 _ K 02, 3 minors (CASENT 0174121 – CASENT 0174123); Nakobalevu 1.5 km NE Colo-i-Suva Village, 12. ii. 2003, 340 m, - 18.05056 °, 178.41667 °, lowland rainforest, sifted leaf litter, (M. Tokota’a), FJVL 301 _ K 06, 1 major (CASENT 0174117); Nakobalevu 1.5 km NE Colo-i-Suva Village, 25. iv. 2003, 340 m, - 18.05056 °, 178.41667 °, lowland rainforest, sifted leaf litter, (M. Tokota’a), FJVL 301 _ K 06, 1 minor (CASENT 0174115); Nakobalevu 1.5 km NE Colo-i-Suva Village, 29. iv. 2003, 340 m, - 18.05056 °, 178.41667 °, lowland rainforest, sifted leaf litter, (M. Tokota’a), FJVL 301 _ K 11, 1 minor (CASENT 0174116); Nakobalevu 1.5 km NE Colo-i- Suva Village, 29. vii. 2003, 340 m, - 18.05056 °, 178.41667 °, lowland rainforest, sifted leaf litter, (M. Tokota’a), FJVL 301 _ K 10, 1 minor (CASENT 0174206); Mt. Naqarababuluti 1.1 km NE Emporer Gold Mine Rest House, 3. ii. 2005, 912 m, - 17.56973 °, 177.95987 °, mixed pine / native secondary forest, foraging on vegetation, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1832, 1 minor (CASENT 0174110).	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF8EFFE453C32ACBFC2BDC20.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype major, FIJI: Koro I., Mt. Kuitarua 3.7 km NW Nasau Village, 20. vi. 2005, 470 m, - 17.29083 °, 179.40183 °, primary rainforest, nesting in soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2084, CASENT 0171106 (FNIC). Paratypes. From same nest series as holotype: 1 dealate queen (CASENT 0171107), 4 majors (CASENT 0174208, CASENT 0174209, CASENT 0174211, CASENT 0174212), 3 minors (CASENT 0171022, CASENT 0174210, CASENT 0174213), (FNIC, NMNH, ANIC); additional specimens in alcohol (NMNH). MAJOR. TL 5.65 – 6.78, HL 1.78 – 1.96, HW 1.64 – 1.84, CI 0.89 – 0.93, FL 1.09 – 1.22, FI 0.60 – 0.64, SL 0.73 – 0.84, SI 0.39 – 0.44 (7 measured). Head with sides not distinctly broader posterior to eyes than anterior to eyes. Median ocellus occasionally present. Scapes short. Mesonotal process, in profile, truncated into a blunt process without lamellate posterior margin; in dorsal view posterior margin flat to convex. Propodeal spines simple, evenly tapering to a single straight acuminate point without becoming bifurcate or angulate apically. In posterior view, petiole node dorsum strongly excised, sides moderately excised. Postpetiole taller than long, as tall as petiole, steep anterior and posterior faces converging to form an obtusely angulate vertex; in dorsal view subpentagonal with strong lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with parallel longitudinal carinae extending posteriorly and arcing onto posterolateral corners. Posterolateral lobes, in full face view, with distinct transverse rugae extending from median cleft to posterolateral corners. Sculpture of vertex and posterolateral lobes varies from weakly to densely rugoreticulate. Intercarinular spaces vary from densely foveolate to smooth and shining. Rugoreticulum present between eye and antennal insertion. Antennal scrobe mostly smooth and shining to strongly foveolate. Clypeus smooth and shining; anterior margin without carinae. Lateral and ventrolateral portions of posterolateral lobes lightly sculptured to entirely smooth and shining; posteriorly with transverse striae, discontinuous rugae and shallow oblong impressions. Head venter rugose. Pronotal sculpture varies from dense foveolate ground sculpture overlain by transverse striae to weak foveolate ground sculpture overlain by weak transverse striae. Mesonotum, in dorsal view, varies from foveolate and striate to smooth and shining. Anepisternum weakly rugose. Katepisternum weakly striate. Petiole with apical and posterior faces smooth, laterally and ventrally rugose. Postpetiole dorsum mostly smooth and shining, sides rugose. Basigastral costulae weakly to moderate with interspaces smooth and shining to foveolate; sternite of first gaster segment lightly sculptured laterally. Gaster otherwise smooth and shining. Body reddish-brown with lighter appendages. MINOR. TL 2.96 – 3.41, HL 0.66 – 0.75, HW 0.65 – 0.74, CI 0.98 – 1.03, FL 0.80 – 0.91, FI 1.18 – 1.29, SL 0.77 – 0.85, SI 1.10 – 1.23, AE 0.25 – 0.32, DE 0.00, PSI 0.00 (10 measured). Head, in full face view, subcordate, sides convex, posterolateral corners rounded and obtuse, posterior margin concave; in profile, posterolateral corners not pinched. Genal carinae very short and weakly elevated on ventrolateral portion of head. Clypeus with anterior margin convex laterally, concave medially. Frontal carinae terminating before eye level. Mesonotal process truncated into a short process without lamellate or distinct margin; in dorsal view, attachment to mesonotum broad, posterior margin evenly convex. Propodeal spines simple, taper evenly to an acuminate point without distal angle or bifurcation. Head mostly smooth and shining to latitudinally rugulose with densely packed foveolate ground sculpture; ventrally smooth and shining. Clypeus with a few weak carinae attached to anterolateral border. Promesonotum, in dorsal view, transversely rugulose with lightly impressed to densely packed foveolate ground sculpture. Mesopleuron mostly smooth and shining to foveolate. Reddish-brown with paler appendages.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF8EFFE453C32ACBFC2BDC20.taxon	description	QUEEN. TL 6.82, HL 1.29, HW 1.37, CI 1.06, SL 0.87, SI 0.68, FL 1.18, FI 0.91, ML 0.83, MI 1.05 (1 measured). Head subquadrate with sides approximately as broad anteriorly as posteriorly. Mesoscutum, in profile, large, greater than half the height of pronotum; in dorsal view, mostly obscuring pronotum. Scutellum, in dorsal view, with posterior portion produced as a weakly elevated subtriangular plate. Propodeal spines simple, evenly tapering to a single straight acuminate point without becoming bifurcate or angulate apically. Petiole broadly cuneate; in posterior view, petiole node dorsum weakly concave. Postpetiole, in dorsal view, subpentagonal with moderate lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with crenulated longitudinal and occasionally branching carinae reach posterior margin. Region between eyes and antennal insertions with elevated crenulated carinae that reach posterolateral corners; intercarinular spaces densely packed with overlapping foveolae. Head venter rugoreticulate. Antennal scrobe foveolate. Clypeus mostly smooth and shining; anterior margin with short carinae laterally, median carinae present. Pronotum rugoreticulate. Mesoscutum, in dorsal view, with straight parallel carinae that run posteriorly towards median. Scutellum mostly smooth and shining. Anepisternum finely rugoreticulate. Katepisternum weakly striate. Petiole rugose. Postpetiole rugulose. First tergite of gaster longitudinally sculptured basally, sculpture immediately posterior to postpetiole longer than length of postpetiole. First sternite of gaster sculptured basally. Reddish-brown with lighter appendages.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF8EFFE453C32ACBFC2BDC20.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet simplispinosa is a noun in apposition derived from the combination of the Latin simplex, meaning simple, and spina, meaning spine.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF8EFFE453C32ACBFC2BDC20.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis, distribution and biology. Pheidole simplispinosa is the most distinctive of all P. roosevelti - group species. It is the only member of the group in which the spines are simple and evenly straight without becoming modified into distal angles or bifurcations. The mesonotal process so prominent in other all other P. roosevelti - group species is truncated into a blunt process such that the angle between the dorsal face of the mesonotum and the mesonotal declivity is obtuse (i. e.,> 90 °). Beyond the simplified spine and mesonotal process, P. simplispinosa is also the smallest of this group and has the shortest limbs relative to its size. The queens of P. simplispinosa, like those of P. roosevelti and P. p e g a s u s, are characterized by their well-developed mesosomas. Although single turret nests were observed, the species is also capable of constructing nests with multiple entrances. One such nest, from Mt. Delaikoro on Vanua Levu, was composed of irregular mounds of excavated soil. Pheidole simplispinosa has a range within the Fiji archipelago rivaled only by P. roosevelti. Like P. roosevelti, this species tolerance of lower elevation habitat (Fig. 95), may serve as some explanation for its wide range. The two species, however, are entirely allopatric. Whereas P. roosevelti claims the more southern islands of Viti Levu and Ovalau, P. simplispinosa occurs in the northern islands of Vanua Levu, Taveuni and Koro. A significant variation in sculpture is associated with the geography of P. simplispinosa. The Koro material, including the type series, exhibits the strongest rugulae on the face and body and the most dense, well defined foveolate ground sculpture. The Taveuni specimens, with only faint hints of facial foveolae and weak mesosomal rugulae, occupy the opposing end of the phenotypic spectrum. Were it not for the intermediate Vanua Levu material, these contrasting morphologies might argue for the designation of separate species. Fortunately, enough collections of P. simplispinosa have been made on Vanua Levu to study morphological variation on the longitudinal axis. When specimens are arranged according to longitude, it becomes apparent that the strength of sculpture diminishes eastwards as the collections approach Taveuni. If sculpture strength can be used as a surrogate for relationship, it suggests that more gene flow occurs between populations from western Vanua Levu and Koro, and eastern Vanua Levu and Taveuni, than between Koro and Taveuni. While further study of the population structure of P. simplispinosa may reveal illuminating patterns concerning phylogeographic patterns within the archipelago, perplexing questions surround the evolution of this species within the larger context of the P. roosevelti - group. Pheidole simplispinosa, with its simple propodeal spines, truncated mesonotal process, and divergent anatomical proportions (Fig. 94) does not immediately suggest itself as a close relative to any of the other P. roosevelti - group species. Several hypotheses can be proposed to explain the relationship of P. simplispinosa to the other members of the group. The first hypothesis submits that P. s i m p l i s p i n o s a is sister to all other members of the P. roosevelti - group. If this hypothesis is supported, it allows for the possibility that the P. roosevelti - group descended from a hypothetical ancestor that, with neither modified propodeal spines nor a mesonotal process, more closely resembled typical Pheidole species. The second hypothesis submits that P. simplispinosa is nested within the P. roosevelti - group. If P. simplispinosa is, in fact, nested within the group, it predicts that the species is derived from an ancestor that bore modified propodeal spines and an extended mesonotal process. In this scenario, the secondary reductions of propodeal spines and mesonotum render the similarities between P. simplispinosa and Pheidole species outside the P. roosevelti - group homoplasy. A thorough multi-gene phylogeny with appropriate outgroup taxa (including quadrispinosa - group, quadricuspis - group and cervicornis - group species) will help to resolve both population and species level relationships of this enigmatic ant, and serve as a tool for testing the proposed hypotheses.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF8EFFE453C32ACBFC2BDC20.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. FIJI. Koro: Mt. Kuitarua 3.1 km WNW Nasau Village, 20. vi. 2005, 440 m, - 17.29528 °, 179.40433 °, primary rainforest, nesting in dead tree fern, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2097, 3 majors (CASENT 0174223 – CASENT 0174225); Mt. Kuitarua 4 km WNW Nasau Village, 7. iii. 2003, 380 m, - 17.29528 °, 179.40433 °, lowland rainforest, from sifted leaf litter, (E. M. Sarnat), FJKR 312 _ K 01, 9 minors (CASENT 0174226 – CASENT 0174234); Mt. Nabukala 5.0 km WSW Nasau Village, 15. iii. 2005, 520 m, - 17.31250 °, 179.38617 °, primary rainforest, in soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1906, 6 majors (CASENT 0174214, CASENT 0174215, CASENT 0174217, CASENT 0174218, CASENT 0174220, CASENT 0174221), 3 minors (CASENT 0174216, CASENT 0174219, CASENT 0174222); Vanua Levu: 2 km NNW Kasavu Village, 28. viii. 2003, 300 m, - 16.62000 °, 179.83333 °, lowland rainforest, from sifted leaf litter, (A. Rakabula), FJVN 330 _ K 01, 1 minor (CASENT 0174251); 2 km NNW Kasavu Village, 29. viii. 2003, 300 m, - 16.71639 °, 179.66333 °, lowland rainforest, from sifted leaf litter, (A. Rakabula), FJVN 330 _ K 02, 1 minor (CASENT 0174252); Mt. Delaikoro 3.7 km SE Dogoru Village, 31. viii. 2006, 699 m, - 16.57525 °, 179.31638 °, mid-elevation rainforest, from sifted leaf litter, (E. P. Economo), EPE # 62, 1 minor (CASENT 0174253); Mt. Delaikoro 3.7 km SE Dogoru Village, 31. viii. 2006, 699 m, - 16.57525 °, 179.31638 °, mid-elevation rainforest, nesting in soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2375, 7 majors (CASENT 0174240, CASENT 0174241, CASENT 0174243, CASENT 0174244, CASENT 0174246, CASENT 0174248, CASENT 0174249), 4 minors (CASENT 0174242, CASENT 0174245, CASENT 0174247, CASENT 0174250); Mt. Vatudiri 3 km NW Waisali Village, 2. ix. 2006, 570 m, - 16.62905 °, 179.21103 °, mid-elevation rainforest, from turret nest in bare soil, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2396, 3 majors (CASENT 0174235, CASENT 0174236, CASENT 0174238), 2 minors (CASENT 0174237, CASENT 0174239); Mt. Vatudiri 3 km NW Waisali Village, 2. ix. 2006, 570 m, - 16.62905 °, 179.21103 °, mid-elevation rainforest, from sifted leaf litter, (E. P. Economo), EPE # 79, 1 minor (CASENT 0174254); Taveuni: Devo Peak 3.6 km SE Tavuki Village, 17. vi. 2005, 734 m, - 16.83056 °, - 179.97433 °, garden / primary rainforest edge, from sifted leaf litter, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 1949, 1 major (CASENT 0174255), 2 minors (CASENT 0174256, CASENT 0174257); Devo Peak 3.6 km SE Tavuki Village, 17. vi. 2005, 734 m, - 16.83056 °, - 179.97433 °, garden / primary rainforest edge, from sifted leaf litter, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2069, 3 minors (CASENT 0174258 – CASENT 0174260); Devo Peak 3.9 km SE Tavuki Village, 17. vi. 2005, 775 m, - 16.83278 °, - 179.97343 °, primary rainforest edge, from sifted leaf litter, (E. M. Sarnat), EMS # 2068, 3 minors (CASENT 0174261 – CASENT 0174263).	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF8CFFE153C32C8BFD96D988.taxon	description	Paratypes. From same nest series as holotype: 4 majors (CASENT 0174276, CASENT 0174277, CASENT 0174279, CASENT 0174280), 3 minors (CASENT 0171026, CASENT 0174278, CASENT 0174281), (FNIC, NMNH, ANIC); additional specimens in alcohol (NMNH). MAJOR. TL 6.62 – 7.21, HL 2.17 – 2.26, HW 2.05 – 2.12, CI 0.93 – 0.99, FL 1.51 – 1.57, FI 0.69 – 0.71, SL 1.09 – 1.12, SI 0.49 – 0.52 (5 measured). Head with sides not distinctly broader behind eyes than in front of eyes. Median ocellus absent in all specimens examined. Mesonotal process, in profile, produced as a thick, upturned lamellate plate overhanging propodeum; in dorsal view attachment to mesonotum attenuated, posterior margin and anterolateral margins excised. Propodeal spines maintaining an evenly stout thickness for basal 4 / 5 length whereupon the anterior edge angles obliquely towards the posterior edge to form an acuminate tip. In posterior view, petiole node dorsum and sides deeply excised. Postpetiole taller than long; shorter than petiole; steep anterior and posterior faces converging to form an obtusely angulate vertex; in dorsal view subpentagonal with strong lateral projections. Region between frontal carinae with straight longitudinal carinae that extend onto the posterolateral lobes where they become weaker and discontinuous; intercarinular spaces smooth and shining to lightly foveolate. Eye surrounded by elevated carinae. Antennal scrobe smooth and shining. Clypeus mostly smooth and shining with several weak carinae extending from frontal lobes that terminate before reaching anterior margin; median carina weak to absent. Posterolateral portion of posterolateral lobes mostly longitudinally striate. Head venter rugose. Promesonotum transversely rugose. Anepisternum rugose. Katepisternum mostly smooth and shining with several rugae. Petiole with apical face smooth; posterior face laterally and ventrally rugose. Postpetiole anterior and posterior face with dense transverse striae; dorsum with transverse carinae. Gaster costulate on basal quarter of first segment; sternite of first segment striate laterally; elsewhere smooth and shining. Body reddish-brown with lighter appendages. MINOR. TL 3.47 – 4.21, HL 0.75 – 0.89, HW 0.67 – 0.82, CI 0.88 – 0.93, FL 1. - 1.34, FI 1.50 – 1.58, SL 1.08 – 1.21, SI 1.31 – 1.45, AE 0.23 – 0.30, DE 0.22 – 0.31, PSI 0.87 – 1.13 (8 measured). Head, in full face view, ovate, sides strongly convex and joining together evenly to form the posterior margin; in profile, posterior margin weakly dorsoventrally pinched where dorsum and venter join at an obtuse angle. Genal carinae strongly elevated into ventrolateral flanges with a long gently sloped posterior edge and a short steeply sloped anterior edge. Clypeus with anterior margin convex laterally, flat to weakly concave medially. Frontal carinae weak and terminating near eye level. Mesonotal process produced as a thin plate; in dorsal view, attachment to mesonotum strongly attenuated giving the sides a concave appearance, posterior margin moderately to strongly excised. Propodeal spines thickening apically into a bifurcation with a short anterior point or angle, and a long acuminate posterior point that projects at an oblique angle; length of dorsal edge approximately equal to length of anterior edge. Head smooth and shining on all surfaces expect for arcuate carinae between eyes and antennal insertions. Clypeus occasionally with a few weak carinae attached to anterior border. Promesonotum, in dorsal view smooth and shining with a few very weak transverse impressions. Anepisternum rugose. Katepisternum smooth and shining. Metapleuron rugose. Head and mesosoma reddish-brown; waist, gaster and legs paler.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF8CFFE153C32C8BFD96D988.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet uncagena is a noun in apposition combining the Latin uncus, meaning hook, and gena, meaning cheek, in reference to the modification of the genal carina into a hook-like flange in this species.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF8CFFE153C32C8BFD96D988.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis, distribution and biology. Pheidole uncagena is most easily confused with P. pegasus. Both are sympatric on Vanua Levu, and are characterized by a smooth and shining integument, paler coloration, and long propodeal spines. The features that best separates P. uncagena, not only from P. pegasus but from all other P. roosevelti - group species, are the modified genal carina that appear almost hook-like in oblique lateral view, and the strongly attenuated mesonotal process, which is best seen in dorsal view. Some variation exists between the Vanua Levu type series and the minor workers collected in malaise traps from Taveuni. The propodeal spines of the type series are bifurcate, with a distinct anterior point in addition to the posterior point, whereas the anterior point of the Taveuni specimens are reduced to blunt angle, and the posterior points are longer than those exhibited by the Vanua Levu specimens. Additionally, the genal carinae of the type series come to a more definite point, whereas those of the Taveuni specimens are more blunt. Although no queen of P. uncagena has been collected, the similarities it shares with P. p e g a s u s predict that it will be a large queen with a well-developed mesonotum. The type series was taken from a nest in bare soil with multiple turret entrances. The recovery of this species from malaise traps suggest that the workers at least, occasionally, forage in the arboreal stratum.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
DF17786EFF8CFFE153C32C8BFD96D988.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. FIJI. Taveuni: 5.6 km SE Tavuki Village [Mt. Devo], 3. i – 10. i. 2003, 1187 m, - 16.84300 °, 179.95500 °, primary rainforest, malaise, (E. Schlinger, M. Tokota’a), FJTA 8 a _ M 01 _ 12, 3 minors (CASENT 0174282 – CASENT 0174284); Devo Peak Radio Tower, 13. xii – 20. xii. 2002, 1200 m, - 16.85000 °, 179.96667 °, rainforest, malaise, (M. Irwin, E. Schlinger, M. Tokota’a), 1 minor (CASENT 0174285). Two specimens, both minor workers, are labeled with the following locality: Vanua Levu: 6 km NW Kilaka Village Batiqere Range, 3. i. 2003, 113 m, - 16.73170 °, 178.99970 °, malaise, (E. Schlinger, M. Tokota’a), FJVN 58 c _ M 02 _ 06, (CASENT 0174286, CASENT 0174287). The record, if correct, would make this the lowest elevation occurrence of any P. roosevelti - group species. Remarkable, in itself, suspicion of erroneous data is further compounded by the observation that all other known records of the species are taken from the tallest peaks of Vanua Levu and Taveuni. It is with caution that the locality data is recorded here, and I refrain from including it in the presented figures.	en	Sarnat, Eli M. (2008): A taxonomic revision of the Pheidole roosevelti - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Fiji. Zootaxa 1767: 1-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.182030
