taxonID	type	description	language	source
DE7787EFFF9D8C47FF0EFB20E8C5FA1B.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Amboherpia heterotecta Handl & Salvini­Plawen, 2002	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
DE7787EFFF9D8C40FF0EFA5FEBC9FA6B.taxon	description	Types: Holotype and paratypes 1 – 6 (cut in serial sections) and paratypes 7 – 12 and 15 are deposited in the Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM Mol 20070743). Paratypes 13 and 14 were used to get the radula, therefore the specimens were destroyed.	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
DE7787EFFF9D8C40FF0EFA5FEBC9FA6B.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality: Abyssal Angola Basin (SW Africa) (station 350 – Me 48 / 1 DIVA 1; 16 ° 14 ' 18 '' S 05 ° 26 ' 48 '' E – 16 ° 14 ' 54 '' S 05 ° 26 ' 42 '' E; 5389 m depth). Other localities: Abyssal Angola Basin (SW Africa): Paratypes 1, 2 and 15 (station 340 – Me 48 / 1 DIVA 1; 18 ° 18 ' 18 '' S 04 ° 41 ' 18 '' E – 18 ° 19 ' 24 '' S 04 ° 41 ' 54 '' E; 5395 m depth); Paratypes 3 – 5 (station 344 – Me 48 / 1 DIVA 1; 17 ° 06 ' 12 '' S 04 ° 41 ' 42 '' E – 17 ° 07 ' 30 '' S 04 ° 42 ' 18 '' E; 5415 m depth); Paratypes 6 – 14 (station 348 – Me 48 / 1 DIVA 1; 16 ° 18 ' 6 '' S 05 ° 27 ' 12 '' E – 16 ° 19 ' 18 '' S 05 ° 27 ' 12 '' E; 5390 m depth).	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
DE7787EFFF9D8C40FF0EFA5FEBC9FA6B.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Greek: dolico, long; Greek: pharynx, throat; latin: – atus, provided with; with reference to its long pharynx.	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
DE7787EFFF9D8C40FF0EFA5FEBC9FA6B.taxon	description	Description: Habitus: 2.6 – 4.5 mm long and 0.3 – 0.8 mm thick specimens, posterior region 0.1 mm thinner. Round body in cross section, no lumps or keels. Sclerites present oblique insertion into the cuticle and protrude from it. Marked pedal groove. Specimens, observed after fixation and preserved in 70 º ethanol, are white (figure 1 A). Mantle: Thin cuticle (8 μm) without epidermal papillae. Different types of sclerites in one layer (figure 1 B): curved hollow acicular sclerites with elliptical section (60 ­ 220 μm x 4 ­ 5 μm); rectilinear hollow acicular sclerites (50 ­ 140 μm x 4 ­ 5 μm), in which the hollow represents a 28 ­ 45 % of the its length; unrimmed solid scale­shaped sclerites, with pointed distal end and wider proximal end (maximal width 75 ­ 95 μm x 12 ­ 15 μm); rimmed solid scale­shaped sclerites with a sharp distal end and a round and wider proximal end (maximal width 75 ­ 95 μm x 8 ­ 10 μm); blade­shaped sclerites (60 μm x 15 μm) present on both sides of the pedal groove. Pedal groove and pallial cavity: The pedal groove originates in a pedal pit (85 µm x 50 µm x 30 µm) with numerous long cilia and a large opening to the outside (figure 1 C, 1 D). The pedal groove has a small ciliated fold that does not get into the pallial cavity. It ends before a pouch (figure 1 E, 3 D) that contains prepallial spicules (there are at least 10). The anterior region of this pouch is unpaired, with musculature and glands. Its posterior region presents two lobes. The pallial cavity has a small size, lacks respiratory folds and opens in the ventral side (figure 1 E). Its epithelium is ciliate and presents glandular cells. The anus opens into the dorsoanterior region of the pallial cavity, whereas the spawning duct opens in the anteroventral side of this cavity (figure 1 E). Digestive system: The narrow mouth opens into the dorsoposterior region of the common atrio­buccal cavity. It continues by a long and protruding pharynx, provided with glandular epithelium. The pharynx presents two regions: one anterior narrow region (150 μm x 45 μm) and one posterior region, longer and wider (400 μm x 85 μm) (figure 1 C). The radular apparatus consists of a monoserial radula with 6 ­ 7 tooth rows, a radular support of very large and vacuolized cells and a short radular sheath, in which 1 or 2 teeth can be observed. Without a differentiated radular sac. Each tooth is 23 μm high and presents a rectangular base (15 μm wide, 11 μm high) without lateral protuberances and two dorsolateral denticles, whose distal ends are separated 20 μm. The denticles are hollow internally and their transversal section is circular. The hollow of each denticle originates from the tooth base, where it opens to the outside and continues along the denticle interior to its distal end (figure 2 D). The ventrolateral foregut glandular organs consist of two large ducts encircled by musculature and open into the pharynx at the radula level. At the posterior region of each duct there are bundles of glandular cells that pour their secretions into the ducts (figure 1 C, 2 A, 2 B). They are subepithelial (type A according to Salvini­Plawen 1978) or exoepithelial glandular organs with extraepithelial glandular cells (type Acanthomenia according to Handl & Todt 2005). The pharynx continues with a short oesophagus with glandular unicellular cells; this oesophagus begins in the dorsoposterior region of the pharynx, continues to the anterior region and opens into the midgut (figure 1 C). The midgut presents a dorsoanterior caecum situated above the posterior region of the pharynx. The epitelium of the midgut is thin, without folds or constrictions. Some nematocysts may be observed inside the midgut. The posterior region of the midgut becomes a narrow ciliated rectum. The anus is situated in the dorsoanterior region of the pallial cavity (figure 1 E). Nervous system and sense organs: The cerebral ganglion (80 μm x 100 μm x 60 μm) presents a trapezoidal transverse section and is situated above the anterior region of the pharynx. On each side of this ganglion, there are two small lateral ganglia. Each ventral ganglion (90 μm x 100 μm x 40 μm) is situated above the dorsal region of the pedal pit and they join by a commissure. A very developed supra­rectal commissure can be observed above the rectum. The atrial sense organ is ciliated in its back part and presents 7 – 10 simple papillae. There is a dorsoterminal sense organ in the dorsoposterior region of the body, above the pallial cavity (figure 1 C, 1 D, 1 E). Circulatory system: The pericardium (200 μm x 60 μm x 40 μm) contains a tubular heart in its interior, free in most of its length, which joins in its front and back ends to the dorsal wall of the pericardium. Blood cells (8 ­ 12 μm diameter) are round and nucleated. Reproductive system: Gonads are long, tubular and are placed above the dorsal region of the midgut. The spermatogonia can be observed in the anterior region of the gonads. Some ova (30 – 45 μm diameter) can be observed in the middle area of the gonad, the posterior region is full of large spermatozoids (8.5 μm long) with a thick flagellum. The gonads continue along a pair of short gonopericardioducts, whose end part is fused and full with spermatozoids. They open into the anterior region of the pericardium, which contains spermatozoids inside. The posterior region of the pericardium narrows and continues in a wide bag, from which each pericardioduct starts. Two large seminal vesicles, which are full of spermatozoids (figure 1 E, 3 B), come out into the proximal region of each pericardioduct. The anterior region of the the pericardioducts are narrow, but they widen in their posterior region, before they open into the spawning duct. The spawning duct epithelium presents many secretory cells with different contents. The anterior region of the spawning duct is paired in 1 / 5 of its total length (figure 3 A); its end region (1 / 4 of the posterior region of the duct) is separated from the rest of the duct by a very developed muscular sphincter (figure 3 C) and has no secretory cells. The spawning duct narrows and finishes through a unpaired opening into the anteroventral region of the pallial cavity. It presents no copulatory stylets.	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
DE7787EFFF9D8C40FF0EFA5FEBC9FA6B.taxon	discussion	Discussion:	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
DE7787EFFF9B8C4CFF0EFDD0EF9EF821.taxon	description	Types: Holotype and paratype 1 and 2 (cut in serial sections) are deposited in the Zoologische Staatssammlung Mnchen (ZSM Mol 20070750).	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
DE7787EFFF9B8C4CFF0EFDD0EF9EF821.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality: Abyssal Angola Basin (SW Africa) (station 344 – Me 48 / 1 DIVA 1; 17 ° 06 ' 12 '' S 04 ° 41 ' 42 '' E – 17 ° 07 ' 30 '' S 04 ° 42 ' 18 '' E; 5415 m depth). Other localities: Abyssal Angola Basin (SW Africa): Paratype 1 (station 348 – Me 48 / 1 DIVA 1; 16 ° 18 ' 6 '' S 05 ° 27 ' 12 '' E – 16 ° 19 ' 18 '' S 05 ° 27 ' 12 '' E 5390 m depth); Paratype 2 (station 340 – Me 48 / 1 DIVA 1; 18 ° 18 ' 18 '' S 04 ° 41 ' 18 '' E – 18 ° 19 ' 24 '' S 04 ° 41 ' 54 '' E; 5395 m depth).	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
DE7787EFFF9B8C4CFF0EFDD0EF9EF821.taxon	etymology	Etymology: Latin: singulus, simple, what makes reference to the simplicity of its internal anatomy.	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
DE7787EFFF9B8C4CFF0EFDD0EF9EF821.taxon	description	Description: Habitus: 2.3 – 3.5 mm long specimens, 0.75 mm thick in their anterior region and 0.4 – 0.55 mm in their posterior region. Elongated body with a circular transverse section, without lumps or keels. Marked pedal groove. White specimens after fixation and preserved in 70 º ethanol (figure 4 A). Mantle: Thin cuticle (8 μm), without epidermal papillae, with several types of sclerites in one layer, with oblique insertion and protruding from the cuticle (figure 4 B, 4 C, 4 D): curved hollow acicular sclerites, with pointed ends (320 μm x 7 ­ 8 μm) (the hollow represents 81 ­ 89 % of their length); scale­shaped sclerites with pointed distal and blunt proximal ends, with folded lateral rims forming a groove (maximal width 160 μm x 25 μm); rimmed solid scale­shaped sclerites, with pointed distal and blunt proximal ends (maximal width 70 μm x 15 μm); blade­shaped sclerites of scale­type (maximal width 80 ­ 85 μm x 25 μm) only in the ventral part of the specimen. Pedal groove and pallial cavity: Pedal pit (90 μm x 70 μm x 85 μm) with long cilia on all its surface; two large pedal glands that open into its anterior region and stretch from the anterior part of the body to the posterior part of the pedal pit (figure 5 A). The pedal groove presents no folds. The pallial cavity is small, its opening is posteroventral and has a high and ciliate epithelium. The anus opens into its dorsoanterior region, whereas the spawning duct opens into the ventroanterior region (figure 4 F). It lacks any respiratory folds. Digestive system: The mouth opens into the dorsal region of the common atrio­buccal cavity. It continues with a narrow pharynx, in which medioventral part the radular sac opens. There is no radula. The ventrolateral foregut glandular organs consist of a pair of 160 μm long tubes encircled by musculature, into whose terminal region a mass of glandular cells comes out (type A according to Salvini­Plawen 1978, or type Acanthomenia according to Handl & Todt 2005). These organs come out through a duct into the terminal region of the radular sac (figure 4 E, 5 A, 5 B). The pharynx continues in the midgut, it lacks oesophagus. The midgut lacks constriction and takes up most of the corporal space. The rectum is narrow and ciliate (figure 5 D). The anus opens in the dorsoanterior region of the pallial cavity. Nervous system and sense organs: The cerebral ganglion (350 μm x 250 μm x 70 μm) is situated above the atrial region. It is oval and bilobar in its ventroanterior region. The ventral ganglia (70 μm x 80 μm x 60 μm) are situated on both sides of the pedal pit. The atrial sense organ or atrium (125 μm x 200 μm x 180 μm) is completely ciliated and has numerous simple papillae (figure 4 E, 5 A). A dorsoterminal sense organ is present. Reproductive system: The gonads are tubular, long and are situated above the midgut (figure 4 F). In the front area, they contain precursor cells of the gametes. Ova and spermatozoids can be seen together in the middle area of the gonad. Spermatozoids can be observed also in the end part of the gonad. The ova (32 μm diameter) get together on the walls that separate the gonads. The spermatozoids are situated on the side walls of the gonads. The gonopericardioducts are two very narrow ducts that end to the pericardium. The pericardium is small and presents a tubular heart, whose ends join to the dorsal wall of the pericardium. Both pericardioducts come out in the posteroventral part of the pericardium, their diameter increases from their beginning to their end region. Each pericardioduct ends into the paired part of the spawning duct (figure 5 C), where a seminal receptacle also joins through a narrow tube (figure 4 F, 5 D). These receptacles are situated on both sides of the rectum. The spawning duct presents an epithelium of high ciliate cells (figure 4 F, 5 D). Its posterior region is narrower and presents a ventral pouch (figure 4 F, 5 D), into which a glandular mass comes out. The spawning duct opens in the middle anterior region of the pallial cavity through the unpaired opening.	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
DE7787EFFF9B8C4CFF0EFDD0EF9EF821.taxon	discussion	Discussion:	en	Gil-Mansilla, Esther, García-Álvarez, Óscar, Urgorri, Victoriano (2008): New Acanthomeniidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) from the abyssal Angola Basin *. Zootaxa 1866: 175-186, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274467
