taxonID	type	description	language	source
A0D3CEBD23345456B8AB18FB8080D35E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ dalaolingensis ” is a Latinized adjective derived from the name of Dalaoling Nature Reserve, Hubei Province, China, which is the type locality of this species. We propose the English common name “ Mt. Dalaoling Horned Toad ” and the Chinese common name “ Dà Lǎo Lǐng Jiǎo Chán (大老岭角蟾) ”.	en	Wang, Ruiqi, Chen, Lu, Chen, Jinliang, Huang, Haochen, Peng, Gangzhi, Peng, Honglin, Gao, Xinzhang, Chen, Bangqing, Liu, Naiyi (2025): A new horned toad of Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) was discovered in Hubei Province, China. ZooKeys 1253: 305-320, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1253.154757
A0D3CEBD23345456B8AB18FB8080D35E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis (Table 2, Figs 3, 4). The new species is recognized as a member of the B. omeimontis group based on molecular phylogenetic analyses and can be distinguished from its groups by a combination of the following characters: (1) medium-sized body, SVL 49.9 – 56.2 mm in seven males, SVL 50.3 – 60.0 mm in three females; (2) head width larger than head length, or nearly equal; (3) vomerine ridge without obvious V-shaped and vomerine teeth absent; (4) supratympanic fold prominent; (5) small nodules on the back, forming a weak V-shaped ridge; two discontinuous dorsolateral parallel ridges on each side of the V-shaped ridge; (6) margin of tongue smooth, with weakly notch behind; (7) maxillary teeth developed; (8) relative finger length III> II = I> IV; (9) tibio-tarsal articulation of adpressed limb reaching the posterior corner of eye; (10) iris reddish brown, black reticulations throughout, pupils vertical; (11) toes with more than 1 / 4 web; (12) lateral fringes of toes wide in males and not significant in females; and (13) males with gray nuptial pads at the base of the first and second fingers, covered thick and dense black nuptial spines.	en	Wang, Ruiqi, Chen, Lu, Chen, Jinliang, Huang, Haochen, Peng, Gangzhi, Peng, Honglin, Gao, Xinzhang, Chen, Bangqing, Liu, Naiyi (2025): A new horned toad of Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) was discovered in Hubei Province, China. ZooKeys 1253: 305-320, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1253.154757
A0D3CEBD23345456B8AB18FB8080D35E.taxon	description	Description of holotype (measurements in Table 2). NNUYC 240510, mature male, medium-sized body (SVL 49.9 mm); head width larger than head length (HWD / HDL 1.2); snout blunt and pointed, extending significantly beyond mandibular margin on ventral view; loreal region vertical and concave; top of head flat, viewed from the back; canthus rostralis angular; eyes large (ED / HDL 0.3); eye less than twice as long as maximum tympanum diameter (ED / TD 2.0) and shorter than snout length (SNT 3.6 mm, ED / SNT 1.4); tympanum distinct, circular in shape, relatively small (TD / HDL 0.2), with upper border concealed by supratympanic ridge; pupil vertical, near diamond-shaped; eye-tympanum distance (TYE 2.7 mm) longer than tympanum diameter (TD 2.5 mm); nostril rounded, laterally positioned, internarial distance greater than interorbital distance (IND / IOD 1.2); choanae oval; vomerine teeth absent; margin of tongue rounded, slightly notch posteriorly; pineal ocellus absent; maxillary teeth present; supratympanic fold distinct, from posterior corner of eye to above insertion of arm; male with an internal single subgular vocal sac. Forelimbs thick and robust, HND 22.2 mm, 44 % of SVL; relative finger length III> II = I> IV; fingertips round; hand lacking webbing, lateral dermal fringes absent; subarticular tubercles present at the base of each finger; two metacarpal tubercles, prominent, oval, the inner metacarpal tubercle larger than the outer one. Hindlimbs slender, TIB (25.9 mm) greater than FTL (22.8 mm); heels slightly overlapped when flexed hindlimbs held at right angles to body axis; tibio-tarsal articulation reaching to posterior conner of eye when hindlimb stretched along body; the tibia was longer than the thigh; relative toe length I <II <V <III <IV; tip of toe round, slightly enlarged; subarticular tubercles present at the base of each toe; supernumerary tubercles absent; toes with more than 1 / 4 web; lateral dermal fringes on toes distinct, wide; inner metatarsal tubercle oval; no outer metatarsal tubercle. Dorsal skin rough, numerous granules with black spines; several large warts scattered in the flank; small nodules on the back, forming a weak V-shaped ridge; two discontinuous V-shaped ridge present, its two sides extending posteriorly from above tympanum, terminating beyond level of axilla; an inverted triangle between the eyes; several small tubercles on the flank, thigh, and back of the tibia; supratympanic fold prominent; ventral surface smooth, covered with many white granules; pectoral glands indistinct; femoral glands in the posterior part of the femur and small white dermal asperities on the lateral part of the femur; the posterior end of the body clearly prominent, and an arc-shaped bulge formed by warts above the anus.	en	Wang, Ruiqi, Chen, Lu, Chen, Jinliang, Huang, Haochen, Peng, Gangzhi, Peng, Honglin, Gao, Xinzhang, Chen, Bangqing, Liu, Naiyi (2025): A new horned toad of Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) was discovered in Hubei Province, China. ZooKeys 1253: 305-320, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1253.154757
A0D3CEBD23345456B8AB18FB8080D35E.taxon	description	Secondary sex characteristics and variation. The male with an internal single subgular vocal sac and a gray nuptial pad with large and dense nuptial spines on it at the base of the first and second fingers. In three female specimens (NNUYC 240502, NNUYC 240504, NNUYC 240506), dorsal surface of body showed a remarkable reddish-brown color, with inverted triangular brick-red spots between the eyes and brick-red spots on the back; the crotch, inner thighs and upper tibia are bright rose red, which fades to light pink after immersion. All female specimens had narrower lateral dermal fringes of the toe compared with males.	en	Wang, Ruiqi, Chen, Lu, Chen, Jinliang, Huang, Haochen, Peng, Gangzhi, Peng, Honglin, Gao, Xinzhang, Chen, Bangqing, Liu, Naiyi (2025): A new horned toad of Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) was discovered in Hubei Province, China. ZooKeys 1253: 305-320, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1253.154757
A0D3CEBD23345456B8AB18FB8080D35E.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology. Currently, Boulenophrys dalaolingensis sp. nov. is known only from Dalaoling Nature Reserve, Hubei, China. The habitat is in a stream under a mixed montane subtropical coniferous and broadleaved forest at elevations between 1380 – 1650 m (Fig. 4). The stream is very cold, more than a meter wide, with a gritty bottom. This species is sympatrically distributed with Liua shihi, B. wushanensis, Nanorana quadranus, and Bufo gargarizans. During the field survey, males were heard in April and May with continuous calls around rocks and plants in streams, which could be heard both day and night. At night, females were observed crawling and swimming near the streams where males were active, but no mating behavior was observed. Tadpoles and eggs of this species were not found.	en	Wang, Ruiqi, Chen, Lu, Chen, Jinliang, Huang, Haochen, Peng, Gangzhi, Peng, Honglin, Gao, Xinzhang, Chen, Bangqing, Liu, Naiyi (2025): A new horned toad of Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) was discovered in Hubei Province, China. ZooKeys 1253: 305-320, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1253.154757
