taxonID	type	description	language	source
DC1E87EAFF94FF8E82F6F8EAFC412D88.taxon	discussion	Comments. In the couplet of the key to Neotropical Gabuniina that leads to Nesolinoceras Ashmead, Aguiar (2005) mentions “ fore wings hyaline or infuscate but never with dark bands ”. Although D. aurantium has a weak dark band on the apex of the fore wing, it could hardly be mistaken with the pattern of three dark bands exhibited by Nesolinoceras; in the following couplet, however, the distinction between D. aurantium (= Fenixia) and some species of Agonocryptus Cushman can be misleading, because of the features “ fore wing crossveins 2 r-m and 3 r-m distinctly convergent towards anterior margin of wing ” and “ hind wing vein 1 - Cu about twice as long as crossvein cu-a ”; in this case, the correct determination of Distictus must consider the generic redefinition provided above. Relationships. The relationships recovered here are basically similar to that proposed by Aguiar (2005), in which Distictus (Fenixia curta) appears most related to Lagarosoma assitum Gupta. Current results also show that Prosthoporus always formed a clade with both species of Lagarosoma, while Trypha atriceps frequently appears as the sister group, or close to Lagarosoma + Prosthoporus. All of these are Neotropical groups predominantly known from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest; only Prosthoporus is recorded from other parts of South America. These groups also appear to be rare or uncommon. The relationships of Prosthoporus were not discussed by Aguiar (op. cit.), but it is relevant to mention that for the present work five specimens of P. t e r a n i could be studied, allowing the codification of 20 characters which could not be examined by that author, as well as all the additional 14 characters used here to expand the original matrix. The relationships of Prostophorus and Lagarosoma will be further discussed elsewhere.	en	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2008): Phylogeny and reclassification of Distictus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 1934: 30-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184917
DC1E87EAFF92FF8C82F6FE64FED42ED9.taxon	materials_examined	New records. The original description of D. tibialis (as Mesostenus tibialis Brullé) recorded the species from Guaratuba, southern Paraná, Brazil. The description of Fenixia curta added new records to southern and southeastearn Brazil. This work adds new records to Espírito Santo, Brazil, as follows: Domingos Martins, Mata Pico do Eldorado (20 º 22 ' 17 '' S 40 º 39 ' 29 '' W) - 1 Ψ, 4 ď; Cariacica, Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, Pau Amarelo (Alto Alegre) 1 ď; Conceição do Castelo, Distrito Ribeirão do Meio, 1 Ψ, 1 ď. It adds also records for four localities at Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, with one female specimen each: Arroio Grande (29 º 39 ' 60 " S 52 º 40 ' 00 " W), Morro Redondo (31 º 40 ' 22 " S 52 º 35 ' 30 " W), Pelotas (31 º 44 ' 39 " S 52 º 13 ' 22 " W) and Capão do Leão (31 º 48 ' 16 " S 52 º 24 ' 13 " W). Records of single female specimens were also found from Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil (14 º 00 ' 20 " S 47 º 41 ' 04 " W); Coroico, Nor Yungas, Bolivia (16 º 11 ' 22 " S 67 º 43 ' 11 " W) and Dos de Mayo, Missiones, Argentina (27 º 02 ' 00 '' S 54 º 39 ' 00 '' W). Figure 6 shows two maps with all known distribution records for both species of Distictus. The records suggest that D. tibialis is more often found in highlands, and that it may also be more common than initially thought; Distictus was the third gabuniine genus in number of specimens among the examined material. They also indicate that the species is not endemic of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, althought it appears to be most common in this biome. FIGURES 7 – 12. Distictus aurantium, new species. Holotype &. 7, Habitus, left. 8, Head, frontal. 9. Head, mesosoma and base of petiole, dorsal. 10, Right fore wing, dorsal. 11, Right hind wing, dorsal. 12, Ovipositor apex, left side. FIGURE 13. Distictus aurantium, new species. Paratype ɗ from Conceição do Castelo (Brazil). Head, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal.	en	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2008): Phylogeny and reclassification of Distictus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 1934: 30-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184917
DC1E87EAFF90FF8282F6FCD4FC882DE0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. From the New Latin aurantium, meaning orange; in reference to the mostly orange mesopleuron and propodeum ..	en	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2008): Phylogeny and reclassification of Distictus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 1934: 30-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184917
DC1E87EAFF90FF8282F6FCD4FC882DE0.taxon	description	Description. Lenght of fore wing 7.6 – 9.2 mm. Head (Figs 7 – 9): Antennae with 24 – 25 flagellomeres; clypeus small, 1.8 as wide as high; supra-clypeal area, mandible, and malar space near mandible, densely pilose; mandible length 1.0 as long as basal width, teeth of equal length; supra-antennal area ventrally concave, near ocelli convex, densely microsculptured; a short median carina from near ocelli to almost full length of supra-clypeal area, getting lower and wider between antennae, narrowing again on supra-clypeal area. Mesosoma (Figs 7, 9): Pronotum strongly striate around collar and near intersection with mesopleuron; epomia very weak, sometimes indistinct from rugulosities near collar; mesoscutum scarcely pilose, punctulate, central lobe on posterior half longitudinally rugulose, some punctate; notauli moderately impressed, parallel, reaching 0.4 – 0.5 of mesoscutum; scutellum as wide as long, shiny, impunctate or with very few and fine punctures; mesopleuron shiny, glabrous to moderately pilose, densely punctate except speculum, with strong striation below subalar proeminence and weaker striation irregulary distributed on ventral portion; epicnemial carina complete, uniformely arched forward; sternaulus sinuous, very weakly impressed; mesopleural fovea a very deep pit; upper division of metapleuron impunctate, with very weak striation on borders, densely pilose; lateral division (below propodeum) densely punctate and rugulose, ventrally scarcely to moderately pilose. Propodeum (Fig. 9): in dorsal view, about as long as wide; moderately pilose; area anterior to anterior transverse carina with very strong rugulosity, changing from centrally concentric to laterally reticulate; behind anterior transverse carina, reticulate rugulosity becoming progressively transversal towards apex; spiracle weakly oval, about 1.3 as wide as long; anterior transverse carina centrally curved forward, placed aproximately on mid-length of propodeum; propodeal apodeme distinct only on lateral view, or entirely absent. Wings (Figs 10, 11): Fore wing vein 1 - Rs + M sligthly sinuous, bulla placed centrally; crossvein 1 m-cu nearly straight, limit between the two veins distinct; ramellus absent; crossvein 1 cu-a forming straight angle with vein M + Cu, ending basad of vein 1 M + Rs; crossvein 2 cu-a distinctly longer than vein 2 - Cu, the two veins angled; vein 4 - Rs straigth, somewhat irregular, apical portion upcurved; bulla of crossvein 2 m-cu placed centrally; cell 1 + 2 Rs (areolet) of moderate size, about 0.8 – 0.9 as high as maximum width of pterostigma, pentagonal, as wide as high, open, with crossvein 3 r-m not diferenciated; veins 3 - M and 4 - M weak, almost spectral, 4 - M distinctly longer than 4 - Rs. Hind wing (Fig. 11) vein 2 - 1 A weak, reaching 0.7 of the distance to posterior margin; vein 1 - Cu of same length as crossvein 1 cu-a; vein 2 - Rs entirely tubular; crossvein 1 r-m with bulla on ventral portion; apical part of vein M + Cu moderately convex; vein Cub straigth, ending close to wing margin. Metasoma (Figs 7, 9): first tergite stout, in dorsal view aproximately 1.75 as long as maximum width, triangular, apex 2.6 times the width of base, almost impunctate, shiny, without basal tooth; spiracle at the middle, not prominent; without longitudinal carinae except traces of dorsolateral carina; tergite 2 with coarse punctures, scarcely pilose, apex 2.1 as wide as base, thyridium as wide as long; tergites 3 – 4 finely microsculptured; then gradually changing from alutaceous on T 5 to almost polished smooth on T 8; tergites 5 – 6 aproximately the same size of tergites 7 – 8; ovipositor sheath dilated and spoon-shaped on its apical 0.3; ovipositor thick, straigth, its tip without nodus, with preapical notch, ventral valve with 8 apical teeth. Color (Figs 7 – 9): Head black; mesosoma and metasoma mostly reddish orange; scape and pedicel ventrally dark brown, with ventral apex dark ferruginous (168,115,045), dorsally black; flagellomeres 1 – 3, and basal 0.4 of 4 th, dark brown; apex of 4 th and 5 – 10 dorsally white, ventrally dark brown; 11 th dark brown with dorsal triangular white mark; 12 – 24 ventrally dark brown, dorsally black; center of clypeus, labrum, labial and maxilliary palpi except for ferruginous apical article, orbital band from inner top of the eye to near lower end of supra-clypeal area, and in about 0.6 of extension of temple pale yellow (208,223,168); supra-clypeal area black with yellow transverse marks extending from orbital band to center, covering 0.3 – 0.6 of its surface. Mesosoma and propodeum reddish orange (132,089,055); prothorax, mesoscutum, postscutellum, metanotum, upper 0.25 of anterior portion of mesopleuron and all mesopleuron anteriorly of epicnemial carina black, except yellow bands on collar, tegula, subalar proeminence and above fore coxa; scutellum, upper division of metapleuron and subtriangular spot at the area of propodeal apodemes yellow. Legs: fore and mid legs ferruginous (114,084,050), except fore coxa laterally and fore trochanters whitish, outer side of fore tibia darker; hind leg dark orange (156,100,051). Wings hyaline (Figs 10, 11), except fore wing with transverse, diffuse, subapical brown stripe (Fig. 10). Metasoma (Fig. 7): reddish orange (151,084,039), basal segments darker than apical ones, with very narrow yellow stripes at apex of T 1 – 3 and T 7 – 8, sternites lighter than tergites. Ovipositor dark brown, dorsal valve darker than ventral; sheaths dark brown, inner face light brown to yellowish. Variability. The only female paratype has body generaly more pilose than the holotype; fore wing crossvein 1 cu-a ending more basad of base of crossvein 1 M + Rs, about 0.3 of its own length; also generally with darker tones of reddish and yellow; ventral side of flagellum and fore tibia very lightly colored; yellow orbital band on temple much longer, extending to base of mandible. Male. General morphology and color similar to female (Fig. 13), except for having antenna with 26 flagellomeres, without white band; carina at supra-antennal area weak, not reaching supra-clypeal area; clypeus, face except black mark around lateral margin of clypeus, most or all gena and temple, prosternum and fore coxa pale yellow; basal 0.6 of mandible dark yellow to ferruginous; dorsal 0.4 of mesopleuron black; overall orange tones of mesosoma varying from bright (118,129,046) to dark (148,124,049); fore wing cell 1 + 2 Rs higher than wide, crossveins 2 r-m and 3 r-m distinctly convergent; first metasomal tergite with yellowish stripe at apical 0.25; T 2 - 4 black with pale yellow stripes at apical 0.3 - 0.4; T 5 - 6 basally black, apical 0.5 dark orange to dark brown; T 7 dark brown, apical 0.5 white. Host. Unknown.	en	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2008): Phylogeny and reclassification of Distictus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 1934: 30-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184917
DC1E87EAFF90FF8282F6FCD4FC882DE0.taxon	discussion	Comments. Female and male are readily differentiated from D. tibialis by having the mesosoma and propodeum mostly orange (vs. black with yellow marks); many characters of general morphology are also divergent (see description), particularly the absence of basolateral tooth at first metasomal segment (vs. present), and wing venation. Veins 2 r-m and 3 r-m of D. aurantium are less convergent than in D. tibialis, a difference which seems even more evident because cell 1 + 2 Rs (areolet) is wider in D. aurantium.	en	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2008): Phylogeny and reclassification of Distictus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 1934: 30-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184917
DC1E87EAFF90FF8282F6FCD4FC882DE0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Two females, eight males. Holotype female (UFES) BRASIL: Espírito Santo, Santa Maria de Jetibá: Fazenda Clarindo Kruger, 29. XI – 06. XII. 2002, Malaise trap, M. T. Tavares, C. O. Azevedo et al. Mounted on triangle point; hind left tarsomeres missing; left fore wing with a hole on cell 1 + 2 R 1, otherwise in good shape. Paratypes (UFES) 1 ď; same data as holotype except “ Faz. Paulo Seick-Área 1 ”; 1 Ψ; same data except “ Domingos Martins, Mata Pico do Eldorado, 03 - 10. XII. 2004, M. T. Tavares ”; 2 ď same data except “ Conceição do Castelo, Ribeirão do Meio, 17 - 24. III. 2007, A. P. Aguiar et al. ”; 2 ď same data except “ Santa Teresa, Estação Biológica Santa Lúcia, 09 - 13. V. 2006, M. T. Tavares, C. O. Azevedo et al. ”. URU- GUAY: 2 ď (AMNH) Depto Tacuarembó, 40 km NW Tacuarembó, 2 - 9. II. 1963, J. K. Bouseman.	en	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2008): Phylogeny and reclassification of Distictus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 1934: 30-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184917
DC1E87EAFF90FF8282F6FCD4FC882DE0.taxon	distribution	Distribution records. Known from five close localities in the highlands of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil, and one locality in northern Uruguay (Fig. 6).	en	Santos, Bernardo F., Aguiar, Alexandre P. (2008): Phylogeny and reclassification of Distictus Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 1934: 30-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184917
