taxonID	type	description	language	source
DC2F87A1FFBAF9780784F892FC030930.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 – 43)	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFBAF9780784F892FC030930.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: ♂, LAOS: Luang Prabang Province, 30 km SW Luang Prabang, 19 ° 44 ’ 58 ” N, 101 ° 59 ’ 22 ” E, elevation ca. 560 m, mining larva on Urticaceae, 7. ii. 2020, ex pupa ii. 2020, field card no. 5319, leg. A. Diškus & M. Jocius, genitalia slide no. AD 1055 ♂ (ZIN). Paratypes: 4 ♀, same label data as holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 1062 ♀ (ZIN); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, 30 km SW Luang Prabang, 19 ° 44 ’ 57 ” N, 101 ° 59 ’ 35 ” E, elevation ca. 460 m, mining larvae on Urticaceae, 7. ii. 2020, ex pupa ii. 2020, field card no. 5318, leg. A. Diškus & M. Jocius, genitalia slide nos. AD 1063 ♂, AD 1064 ♀ (ZIN); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Vientiane Province, Vang Vieng, 18 ° 56 ’ 03 ” N, 102 ° 25 ’ 32 ” E, elevation ca. 250 m, mining larvae on Boehmeria sp. (Urticaceae), 3. ii. 2020, ex pupa ii. 2020, field card no. 5309, leg. A. Diškus & M. Jocius, genitalia slide no. AD 1036 ♂ (ZIN); 1 ♂, same label data (NRC); 1 ♂, same label data (GNU).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFBAF9780784F892FC030930.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Paratischeria boehmerica sp. nov. belongs to the P. ferruginea group designated and described by Stonis et al. (2017 a). Externally, this new species differs from South American and African members of the group in the yellow-ochre colour of the forewing speckled with dark brown scales; from the most similar South East Asian P. grossa sp. nov. (described below) it differs in the smaller size and paler colour of the forewing. In the male genitalia, P. boehmerica differs from P. grossa in the unique, caudally rounded dorsal sclerite (Fig. 31), absence of lobe-like anterior processes of the tegumen, and the truncated basal lobe of the valva (Fig. 30); from the resembling African P. urticolella (Ghesquière), the new species differs in the presence of a basal lobe of the valva and significantly less deep apical bifurcation of the phallus. In the female genitalia, the smaller size (about 1045 – 1330 µm) and the short corpus bursae without distinctive coils distinguish P. boehmerica from P. grossa (female of P. urticolella is unknown). The new species is also distinctive because no other species in this genus is known to feed on Boehmeria Jacq. (Urticaceae) in Asia. Male (Figs. 22, 23). Forewing length 2.3 – 2.8 mm; wingspan 5.1 – 6.2 mm (n = 4). Head. Frons, palpus, and pecten cream to yellowish brown; frontal tuft and collar pale brownish grey to ochrebrown, sometimes with purple iridescence; antenna slightly longer than one half the length of forewing; flagellum grey-brown to ochre-brown; sensilla very fine, relatively short, inconspicuous. Thorax. Tegula blackish grey with some purple and blue iridescence, distally pale brown to ochre-brown. Thorax and forewing pale brownish yellow to pale ochre-yellow, occasionally ochre. Along costal margin and apically, forewing densely speckled with dark brown or blackish brown scales with purple and blue iridescence; dark brown scales also sparsely irrorate the rest of forewing and form a small, irregular spot on tornus; fringe dark grey on costal margin, yellow-ochre apically, pale grey on tornus; fringe line distinctive, comprised of dark brown scales or inconspicuous, incomplete; forewing underside dark brown, without spots or androconia. Hindwing grey to pale grey on upper side and underside, without androconia; fringe pale grey. Legs glossy brownish cream, dark grey-brown to blackish brown on upper side. Abdomen. Metallic glossy, grey to dark brown on upper side and underside, sometimes with purple iridescence and ochre or pale brown scales on underside; anal tufts short, indistinctive, grey to greyish cream; genital segments cream to grey or golden ochre. Genitalia (Figs. 27 – 39) with capsule 290 – 390 µm long (or 460 µm long if measured from valval tips to vinculum), 220 – 250 µm wide. Uncus (Figs. 28, 34) with two long and slender lobes. Valva (Figs. 30, 35) about 320 µm long, basally with a short lobe (Fig. 30). Anellus (Figs. 32, 38, 39) strongly thickened laterally and caudally. Dorsal sclerite well-developed (Fig. 34), rounded caudally (Fig. 33). Vinculum rounded (Fig. 30). Phallus 230 – 240 µm long, apically deeply bifurcated, weakly thickened, without spines, basally very wide (Figs. 30 – 32, 37). Female (Figs. 24 – 26). Forewing length 2.3 – 3.6 mm; wingspan 7.1 – 7.9 mm (n = 4) (also see Remarks). Similar to male. Genitalia (Figs. 40 – 43) 1045 – 1330 µm long. Ovipositor lobes large, rounded, densely clothed with short, modified setae (‘ peg setae’); area between ovipositor lobes wide, with tiny papillae and some short setae. Second pair of lobes, lateral and anterior to the ovipositor lobes, 3 – 4 times smaller than ovipositor lobes, but bearing very long, slender lamellar setae. Anterior and posterior apophyses almost equal in length; prela (Fig. 42) comprised of three pairs of projections. Corpus bursae long and slender, basally oval, without pectinations or signum. Accessory sac absent. Ductus spermathecae slender, relatively short, without distinctive coils but with an irregular, slender vesicle. Bionomics (Figs. 1 – 21). Host plants are Boehmeria Jacq. including B. clidemioides var. diffusa (Wedd.) Han- del-Mazzetti and plants from the species complex represented by Boehmeria japonica (L. f.) Miq. and B. zollingeriana Wedd. (Figs. 3 – 7, 9) (see also Remarks). Larvae mine leaves in February and produce irregular blotch-like leaf mines, with little or no frass (Figs. 10 – 21). Pupation in the leaf mine, in an inconspicuous nidus (Fig. 15). Adults occur in late February – March. Otherwise, the biology is unknown.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFBAF9780784F892FC030930.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Paratischeria boehmerica is known from three sites in Luang Prabang and Vientiane provinces of Laos, at an elevation of about 250 – 560 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFBAF9780784F892FC030930.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after the host plant, Boehmeria Jacq. (Urticaceae).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFBAF9780784F892FC030930.taxon	discussion	Remarks. One paratype female specimen seems to be aberrant, being unusually small, with forewing 1.9 mm long and wingspan 4.2 mm (it was reared indoors; deposited at NRC) (Fig. 25). P. boehmerica sp. nov. was found mining several species of Boehmeria (Figs. 2 – 9): sample no. 5309 was collected from Boehmeria clidemioides var. diffusa (Wedd.) Handel-Mazzetti; nos. 5318 and 5319 were collected from plants of the species complex comprising Boehmeria sp., similar with B. japonica (L. f.) Miq. and B. zollingeriana Wedd., and the leaf mines of each differed slightly in their shape (Figs. 10 – 21). Despite this, the dissected genitalia of insects feeding on different host plants did not display any variation. We therefore conclude that P. boehmerica is an oligophagous species feeding on different but related host plants.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFB2F97B0784FDD0FD550875.taxon	description	(Figs. 44 – 73)	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFB2F97B0784FDD0FD550875.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: ♂, LAOS: Luang Prabang Province, 30 km SW Luang Prabang, 19 ° 44 ’ 57 ” N, 101 ° 59 ’ 35 ” E, elevation ca. 460 m, mining larva on Dendrocnide sp. (Urticaceae), 16. ii. 2020, ex pupa ii – iii. 2020, field card no. 5335, leg. A. Diškus & M. Jocius, genitalia slide no. AD 1066 ♂ (ZIN). Paratypes: 2 ♀, same label data as holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 1059 ♀ (ZIN); 1 ♂, same label data as holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 1037 ♂ (from adult in pupal exuviae, no pinned moth preserved) (GNU); 2 ♂, same label data as holotype, genitalia slide nos. AD 1065 ♂, AD 1067 ♂ (from adult in pupal exuviae, no pinned moth preserved) (NRC).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFB2F97B0784FDD0FD550875.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Paratischeria grossa sp. nov. belongs to the P. ferruginea group (for a description of this group see Stonis et al. 2017 a). Externally, this new species differs from South American and African members of the group in the ochre colour of the forewing speckled with black-brown scales; from the most similar South East Asian P. boehmerica sp. nov. (described above) it differs in the larger size and darker, intense yellow-ochre or ochre colour of the forewing. In the male genitalia, P. grossa differs from P. boehmerica in the unique, caudally truncated dorsal sclerite (Figs. 58, 68), presence of a rounded, lobe-like anterior processes of the tegumen (Fig. 63), and the pointed, process-like lobe of the valva (Figs. 67, 69). In the female genitalia, the significantly larger size (about 1910 µm) and the longer corpus bursae with large coils distinguish P. grossa from P. boehmerica. Male (Figs. 54, 55). Forewing length about 4.0 mm; wingspan about 8.8 mm (n = 1) (also see Remarks). Head. Frons, palpus, and pecten pale yellowish ochre to dark ochre; frontal tuft and collar glossy brown-ochre to pale ochre, with some purple iridescence; antenna distinctly longer than one half the length of forewing; flagellum ochre to dark brown-ochre; sensilla long, distinctive, whitish cream. Thorax. Tegula and thorax dark ochre, pale ochre distally. Forewing intense yellow-ochre with strong blue iridescence, sometimes dark brown at base. Brown-black or black scales very sparse, except for a small, irregular, subapical patch along costa and a small, irregular tornal spot; fringe bright yellow-ochre, except for a black-grey area on costal margin of the forewing; fringe line distinctive, comprised of brown-black scales; forewing underside dark brown-grey to grey-black, with a black basal area along costa and slender area along fold; no androconia. Hindwing grey to dark grey on upper side and underside, without androconia; fringe pale brownish grey or ochreous grey. Legs glossy, pale ochreous yellow on underside, dark grey-black on upper side (also see Remarks). Abdomen. Metallic glossy, dark brown, with some purple iridescence on upper side; blackish brown with some ochre scales on underside; anal tufts short, indistinctive, yellowish ochre; genital segments golden ochre. Genitalia (Figs. 58 – 69) with capsule 670 – 685 µm long, 380 – 420 µm wide. Uncus with two long and slender lobes. Valva (Figs. 58, 61, 69) 465 – 480 µm long (excluding basal process), basally with a pointed, horn-like process (Figs. 61, 67). Anellus (Figs. 60, 69) only strongly thickened laterally and caudally. Dorsal sclerite strongly developed, truncated caudally (58, 62, 68). Vinculum large, widely rounded (Figs. 61, 69). Phallus 340 – 360 µm long, apically deeply bifurcated, without spines, basally very wide (Figs. 58, 66). Female (Figs. 53, 56, 57). Forewing length 4.1 – 4.2 mm; wingspan 9.1 – 9.3 mm (n = 2). Similar to male. Genitalia (Figs. 70 – 73) 1910 µm long. Ovipositor lobes large, rounded, densely clothed with short, modified setae (‘ peg setae’); area between ovipositor lobes wide, with some short setae, tiny papillae, and a larger papilla caudally. Second pair of lobes, lateral and anterior to the ovipositor lobes, 3 – 4 times smaller than ovipositor lobes, but bearing very long, slender lamellar setae. Anterior apophyses distinctly shorter than posterior apophyses; prela (Fig. 73) comprised of three pairs of projections; one of these pairs form a large, angular, plate-like thickening (Fig. 71). Corpus bursae long and slender, without pectinations or signum. Accessory sac absent. Ductus spermathecae slender, very short, with two large coils (Fig. 70). Bionomics (Figs. 44 – 52). The host plant is Dendrocnide sp., possibly D. sinuata (Blume) Chew (Figs. 45, 46) which, whilst not documented from Laos or Cambodia (Plants of the World Online), is known to occur in all the surrounding countries (China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia) and so is expected to occur there also. The larvae mine leaves in February and produce irregular blotch-like leaf mines, with little or no frass (Figs. 47 – 52). Pupation occurs in the leaf mine; a silken nidus is present but inconspicuous. Adults occur in late February and March. Otherwise, the biology is unknown.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFB2F97B0784FDD0FD550875.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species is known from a single site in Luang Prabang Province, Laos, at an elevation of about 460 m.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFB2F97B0784FDD0FD550875.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin grossus (thick, fat, large), referencing the large and robust male and female genitalia.	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
DC2F87A1FFB2F97B0784FDD0FD550875.taxon	discussion	Remarks. One male paratype seems to be aberrant, unusually small, with forewing 2.7 mm long and wingspan 5.8 mm; in comparison with the holotype or female paratypes, the forewing of this specimen is slightly paler and with an additional, oblique, postmedian patch of black scales; otherwise, as in the holotype. The genitalia are identical with the holotype but slightly shorter (with capsule 520 µm long). Unlike other specimens, this specimen was reared indoors; it was deposited at NRC (Fig. 55).	en	Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Monro, Alexandre K., Dai, Xiaohua, Xu, Jiasheng (2021): Most trumpet moths don’t feed on plants of the nettle family but Paratischeria does: the first discovery of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) on Urticaceae in Asia. Zootaxa 5040 (2): 247-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.5
