identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E32D87EF821AFE1AFE8AF99BFB8B0998.text	E32D87EF821AFE1AFE8AF99BFB8B0998.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eryma Meyer 1840	<div><p>Genus Eryma Meyer, 1840</p><p>(Fig. 1 A-C)</p><p>Eryma Meyer, 1840a: 587 . — Oppel 1862: 20. — Zittel 1885: 693. — Van Straelen 1925: 233. — Rathbun 1926: 127. — Secrétan 1964: 61. — Förster 1966: 88. — Glaessner 1969: 455. — Aguirre-Urreta &amp; Ramos 1981: 609. — Secrétan 1984: 516. — Aguirre-Urreta 1989: 513. — Crônier &amp; Courville 2004: 1004. — Feldmann &amp; Titus 2006: 63. — Feldmann &amp; Haggart 2007: 1792. — Hyžný et al. 2015: 375. — Feldmann et al. 2015: 1.</p><p>Klytia Meyer, 1840b: 19 .</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Macrourites modestiformis Schlotheim, 1822, by subsequent designation of Glaessner (1929).</p><p>EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. — Fusiform intercalated plate; deep cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; short gastro-orbital groove originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove; postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves subparallel; postcervical groove joined medially to branchiocardiac groove (with a short ventral extension); branchiocardiac groove strongly inclined, joined to hepatic groove; concavo-convex hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; inferior groove convex posteriorly, joined to hepatic groove; marked ω bulge; cephalic region with two divergent rows of tubercles: orbital row with strong distal spine and antennal row with strong distal antennal spine; chelate P1-P3; P1 chelipeds without prominent spines and with homogeneous ornamentation; P1 propodus dorso-ventrally compressed with narrow inner and outer margins; P1 with narrow dactylar bulge; fingers longer than P1 propodus, equal in length, narrowing gradually to distal extremity; index wider than dactylus.</p><p>COMMENTS</p><p>Some species show short P1 fingers such as Eryma modestiforme or E. punctatum Oppel, 1861, and other species show long P1 fingers such as E. bedeltum (Quenstedt, 1857) or E. ventrosum (Meyer, 1840) . Following Hyžný et al. (2015), we distinguish two forms chelae. Form I (Fig. 1B) has a short rectangular propodus with straight fingers slightly longer than the propodus; form II (Fig. 1C) has an elongate subrectangular or trapezoidal propodus with long fingers which are usually curved inward.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF821AFE1AFE8AF99BFB8B0998	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF821AFE1AFF44FC7CFCC90C7B.text	E32D87EF821AFE1AFF44FC7CFCC90C7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Erymidae Van Straelen 1925	<div><p>Family ERYMIDAE Van Straelen, 1925</p><p>PRELIMINARY REMARK</p><p>The phylogenetic position of Erymidae varies throughout the literature. For a long time the family has been included within the Astacidea Latreille, 1802 (Van Straelen 1925; Glaessner 1969; Aguirre-Urreta 1989; Schweigert et al. 2000; Garassino &amp; Krobicki 2002; Crônier &amp; Courville 2004; Feldmann &amp; Titus 2006; Garassino &amp; Schweigert 2006; Schweigert 2013; Charbonnier et al. 2013), whereas some more recent contributions recognised the family to belong to Glypheidea Zittel, 1885 (De Grave et al. 2009; Schweitzer et al. 2010; Wahle et al. 2012; Karasawa et al. 2013; Feldmann et al. 2015). Recent phylogenetic analysis byCharbonnier et al. (2015) questioned the assignment of Erymidae to Glypheidea. Following Hyžný et al. (2015), we consider the systematic position of the Erymidae as uncertain and do not list the taxonomic rank beyond the superfamily.Following Schram &amp; Dixon (2004), we only include the Erymidae in a separate clade named Erymida.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF821AFE1AFF44FC7CFCC90C7B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF821AFE1CFC44FBFCFC0E0D9A.text	E32D87EF821AFE1CFC44FBFCFC0E0D9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eryma vocontii Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016	<div><p>Eryma vocontii n. sp.</p><p>(Fig. 4 A-F)</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype MNHN.F.A57457 (carapace); paratype MNHN.F.A57458 (P1 chela) (Clément coll.).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Rosans, Hautes-Alpes department, Provence- Alpes-Côte d’Azur region, southeastern France.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Albian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the Voconces, a prealpine federation of Gaul people.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subcylindrical carapace (holotype: CL = 23 mm, CH = 10 mm); rostrum not preserved; subvertical cervical groove, dorsally wide and deep, strongly narrowing under gastroorbital groove, joined to antennal groove; cephalic region with oblique orbital row of tubercles (antennal row poorly preserved); narrow, curved antennal groove; short, wide gastro-orbital groove, originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove; straight, wide and deep postcervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and joined medially to branchiocardiac groove, extended with a short ventral extension; straight, strongly inclined branchiocardiac groove with narrow dorsal part, joined to dorsal margin and to hepatic groove; narrow and shallow hepatic groove, concavo-convex; strongly raised ω and χ bulges; sub-rectangular χ bulge dorsally limited by shallow depression running between hepatic and branchiocardiac grooves; rounded ω bulge; inferior groove poorly preserved; carapace uniformly covered with fine tubercles preceded by crescent-shaped pits (pits deeper in branchial region); P1 chela with compressed trapezoidal propodus; dorsal surface of P1 palm with median longitudinal bulge surrounded by two longitudinal depressions parallel to lateral margins; P1 palm with narrow dactylar bulge, posteriorly delimited by a shallow groove; long, straight fingers, gradually narrowing to distal extremity; index wider than dactylus; dactylus with small basal depression; occlusal margins slightly denticulate; propodus covered with fine tubercles; fingers covered with punctations. P1 belongs to claw form II.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>Paratype MNHN.F.A57458 (Fig. 4E, F) corresponds to an isolated right P1 chela collected in the same bed than the carapace MNHN.F.A57457 (Fig. 4 A-D). Based on this report, we suggest that the association carapace-chela comes from the same species and we include the chela in the specific description.</p><p>Eryma vocontii n. sp. is assigned to Eryma Meyer, 1840 based on its typical carapace groove pattern and its tuberculate orbital row in cephalic region. Eryma vocontii n. sp. differs from the three other Early Cretaceous species, Eryma glaessneri (Van Straelen, 1936), Eryma nippon Karasawa et al., 2008, and Eryma sulcatum Harbort, 1905 by its carapace groove pattern with: 1) subvertical cervical groove (strongly inclined in the three other species); 2) straight, deep postcervical groove, slightly inclined and joined to dorsal margin (sinuous and strongly inclined in E. glaessneri; shallow, slightly convex forward and not joined to dorsal margin in E. sulcatum); 3) straight, shallow and strongly inflected branchiocardiac groove (sinuous in E. glaessneri; slightly inflected in E. sulcatum); and (4) short gastro-orbital groove (long in E. glaessneri). Moreover, E. glaessneri exhibits a relatively massive carapace with inflated branchial region (not inflated in Eryma vocontii n. sp.) and a flat attatchment site of adductor testis muscle (inflated in Eryma vocontii n. sp.), and Eryma sulcatum exhibits a post-orbital area (absent in Eryma vocontii n. sp.). Eryma nippon has a circular χ bulge while it is sub-rectangular in Eryma vocontii n. sp. Eryma vocontii n. sp. has a carapace with uniform fine ornamentation whereas the carapaces of E. glaessneri and E. sulcatum show heterogeneous ornamentation (coarse tubercles in cardiac and cephalic regions in E. glaessneri; smaller and more dense ornamentation in branchial region with regard to the rest of carapace and row of coarse tubercles parallel to intercalated plate in E. sulcatum). Eryma nippon has a homogeneous ornamentation but it is made of coarse tubercles (small tubercles in Eryma vocontii n. sp.).</p><p>Other Cretaceous Eryma species were described from North America ( Eryma americanum Rathbun, 1923, Eryma flectum Rathbun, 1926, and Eryma stantoni Rathbun, 1935) and from Lebanon ( Eryma cretaceum Roger, 1946). After careful examination of the figures presented by Rathbun (1923, 1926, 1935) and according to Förster (1966: 125), we consider that the American species (largely based on fragmentary specimens) are not representatives of Erymidae . As for the Lebanese species, we follow Charbonnier et al. (in press) with the placement in Pustulina . In conclusion, Eryma vocontii n. sp. is the hitherto youngest occurrence of the genus Eryma .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF821AFE1CFC44FBFCFC0E0D9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF821FFE1FFF48FF11FEEA0D9A.text	E32D87EF821FFE1FFF48FF11FEEA0D9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eryma glaessneri (Van Straelen 1936)	<div><p>Eryma glaessneri (Van Straelen, 1936)</p><p>(Fig. 4G, H)</p><p>Enoploclytia glaessneri Van Straelen, 1936: 10, 11, pl. 3, fig. 1. — Secrétan 1964: 35, 94. — Schweitzer et al. 2010: 22.</p><p>Eryma glaessneri – Förster 1966: 123, fig. 22 (non pl. 17, fig. 3). — Feldmann &amp; Titus 2006: 63. — Karasawa et al. 2008: 104.</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype MNHG GEPI 28369 housed in MHNG (Van Straelen coll.) (cast MNHN.F.R10204).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Escragnolles, Alpes-Maritimes department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region, southeastern France.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Hauterivian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subcylindrical carapace (holotype: CL = 55 mm, CH = 36mm); rostrum not preserved; intercalated plate present but poorly preserved; wide cardiac region and inflated branchial region; deep cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove, straight and strongly inclined above gastro-orbital groove, straight and subvertical under gastroorbital groove; cephalic region with oblique orbital row of tubercles (antennal not preserved); deep antennal groove, as wide as cervical groove, strongly curved and delimiting raised antennal lobe, shallowest in its anterior end; long, wide gastro-orbital groove originating as deep and large inflexion of cervical groove; wide postcervical groove, dorsally deep, curved forward, strongly inclined, joined to dorsal margin and joined medially to branchiocardiac groove, extended with a long, shallow ventral extension; shallow branchiocardiac groove, shallowest at carapace mid-height, subparallel to postcervical groove, strongly inclined, joined to dorsal margin in posterior-most part of branchial region; narrow, deep hepatic groove, posteriorly concave, anteriorly slightly convex, joined to cervical groove; slightly inflated ω bulge, delimited ventrally by a narrow and shallow depression extending between antennal and hepatic grooves; flat attachment site of adductor testis muscle (χ bulge); deep inferior groove; carapace covered with shallow depressions between small tubercles; cardiac region with an oblique row of coarse tubercles; gastric region with two rows of coarse tubercles parallel to intercalated plate.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>This species was originally assigned to Enoploclytia M’Coy, 1849 by Van Straelen (1936). Later, Förster (1966) placed it in Eryma; this act was followed by all successive authors until the work by Schweitzer et al. (2010) who re-established Van Straelen’s opinion. The re-examination of the holotype leads us to concur with Förster’s proposition. Indeed, the carapace groove pattern (postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves joined medially) is diagnostic of Eryma .</p><p>We note that Förster (1966: pl. 17, fig. 3) figured a specimen which is clearly not Eryma glaessneri, because it exhibits carapace groove pattern (branchiocardiac groove interrupted in carapace mid-height; sinuous postcervical groove) typical of Enoploclytia .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF821FFE1FFF48FF11FEEA0D9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF821FFE1EFC7DF93BFA950847.text	E32D87EF821FFE1EFC7DF93BFA950847.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eryma sulcatum Harbort 1905	<div><p>Eryma sulcatum Harbort, 1905</p><p>(Fig. 4 I-L)</p><p>Eryma sulcata Harbort, 1905: 15, pl. 1, fig. 11, pl. 11, fig. 4. — Glaessner 1929: 159. — Woods 1930: 80, pl. 22, figs 5-7. — Van Straelen 1936: 9. — Förster 1966: 124, fig. 23, pl. 17, figs 2, 4. — Taylor 1979: 34. — Feldmann &amp; Titus 2006: 64.</p><p>Astacodes falcifer (pars) – Bell 1863: pl. 9, figs 7, 8.</p><p>Eryma cf. sulcata – Aguirre-Urreta &amp; Ramos 1981: 610, pl. 1, fig. a.</p><p>Eryma sulcatum – Schweitzer et al. 2010: 25. — Karasawa et al. 2013: 102.</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Neotype herein designated SM B11437, specimen figured by Woods (1930: pl. 22, fig. 5a, b). After Harbort (1905), the original type material was composed of at least three specimens from the Hauterivian of Stadthagen near Schaumburg (Lower Saxony, Germany). AfterFörster (1966: 124) and Morris (1980: 7), these specimens were destroyed during World War II and only poorly preserved casts are housed at the NHM, London (see Woods 1930: 80 and Förster 1966: 124). Förster (1966) designated a lectotype based on a cast corresponding to the carapace figured by Harbort (1905: pl. 1, fig. 11a, b). After examination, the quality of this cast is not good enough to be used and we consider important to select a neotype for Eryma sulcatum . We select the historical specimen SM B11437, which is three-dimensionally preserved and fits the original diagnosis according toWoods (1930), Förster (1966) and to our own observations (Fig. 4I, K). The new type locality is Speeton in northern England. After Woods (1930), the specimen was collected in the C4 bed of the Speeton Clay, which corresponds to the Hauterivian after Fletcher (1969).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Speeton, Yorkshire, United Kingdom.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Hauterivian, Early Cretaceous (Speeton Clay C Beds).</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subcylindrical carapace (neotype: CL = c. 32 mm, visible CH = c. 12 mm); short rostrum; fusiform, tuberculate intercalated plate limited by a row of coarse tubercles; almost smooth post-orbital area; cephalic region with oblique orbital row of tubercles ending by strong orbital spine (antennal row absent); deep cervical groove, intercepting dorsal margin at c. 66° angle, joined to antennal groove; short gastro-orbital groove originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove; postcervical groove slightly convex forward, interrupted before joining dorsal margin, joined medially to branchiocardiac groove; deep branchiocardiac groove, strongly inclined, interrupted before joining dorsal margin, joined to hepatic groove; concavo-convex hepatic groove; slightly inflated ω bulge, delimited ventrally by a narrow and shallow depression extending between antennal and hepatic grooves; slightly inflated χ bulge; inferior groove curved forward; carapace showing dense ornamentation of small tubercles and pits; branchial region with finer tubercles; pleon densely covered with small numerous tubercles and pits; s1-s3 pleura with pointed ventral margin; pleonal somites with terga densely covered by small pits; longitudinal bulge above pleura basis; subtriangular pleura with pointed ventral margin, wide and short in s2, narrower and longer in s3 and s4, densely covered with small pits; chelate P1; massive P1 propodus, longer than wide, relatively thick with rounded inner and outer margins; P1 palm densely covered with small tubercles and deep pits; fingers not preserved; short P1 carpus, showing coarser ornamentation than propodus, distal extremity of external margin bearing a strong spine; P1 merus with the same ornamentation than P1 carpus, with spines on the dorsal margin and a spine on the distal extremity of external margin; slender, P2-P5 with a small punctation.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>Eryma sulcatum shows a heterogeneous ornamentation (branchial region with fine tubercles, cardiac and cephalic regions with coarser tubercles). This observation is not common among most of the representatives of Eryma, which exhibits more homogeneous and fine ornamentation on the whole carapace. It is worth mentioning that several Early Cretaceous species of Eryma exhibit the same heterogeneous and/or coarse ornamentation such as E. glaessneri (cephalic and cardiac regions with dorsal rows of strong tubercles; branchial region with fine tubercles) or E. nippon (coarse ornamentation).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF821FFE1EFC7DF93BFA950847	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF821EFE10FC15FDBFFBBF0D9D.text	E32D87EF821EFE10FC15FDBFFBBF0D9D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenodactylina Beurlen 1928	<div><p>Genus Stenodactylina Beurlen, 1928</p><p>(Fig. 1 D-F)</p><p>Stenodactylina Beurlen, 1928: 175 . — Glaessner 1969: 456. — Schweigert 2013: 411.</p><p>Erymastacus Beurlen, 1928: 171 . — Secrétan 1964: 71. — Glaessner 1969: 456. — Hyžný et al. 2015: 375.</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Stenodactylina liasina Beurlen, 1928 by monotypy.</p><p>EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. — Fusiform intercalated plate; very wide, deep cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; short gastro-orbital groove originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove; postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves nearly parallel; narrow postcervical groove, not joined to branchiocardiac groove and interrupted in hepatic region; branchiocardiac groove strongly inclined, joined to hepatic groove; concavo-convex hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; inferior groove convex posteriorly, joined to hepatic groove; chelate P1; P1 propodus rectangular or trapezoidal, adorned with rows of spines and tubercles; P1 propodus with inner margin more compressed than outer margin; wide P1 dactylar bulge; P1 with extremely long and slender fingers, equal in length; P1 chela (form I; Fig. 1E) with strong, rectangular or trapezoidal propodus, with straight or sinuous fingers, strongly narrowing immediately after their basis; outer margin convex at the base of fixed finger; P1 chela (form II; Fig. 1F) with trapezoidal propodus, outer margin straight or convex, straight fingers, narrowing gradually to their distal extremity.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>Beurlen (1928) defined two genera based on fragments of chelipeds, namely Erymastacus and Stenodactylina . Later, Erymastacus, with Glyphea ornati Quenstedt, 1857 as type species (subsequent designation by Glaessner 1929) was regarded by many authors as a junior synonym of Eryma (Förster 1966; Glaessner 1969; Schweitzer et al. 2010) while other authors considered it as a distinct genus (Secrétan 1964; Schweigert et al. 2000; Schweigert &amp; Garassino 2003; Hyžný et al. 2015). Hyžný et al. (2015) provided arguments in favor of the resurrection of Erymastacus, once considered as junior subjective synonym of Eryma, and the synonymisation of Stenodactylina with Erymastacus . Their study was based on new material of Erymastacus lagardettei Hyžný et al., 2015 (Middle Jurassic of Belmont, France), which was considered to be the only record in which Stenodactylina - type chelipeds are associated with their carapaces.</p><p>Careful examination of the lectotype of Glyphea ornati Quenstedt, 1857, leads us to a different conclusion. Indeed, this species clearly exhibits Eryma -like chelae (near-isochelous) instead of Stenodactylina -like chelae (distinctly heterochelous). In conclusion, we agree with Förster (1966), Glaessner (1969), and Schweitzer et al. (2010), we maintained the synonymy between Erymastacus and Eryma, and the combination Eryma ornatum (Quenstedt, 1857) is reinstalled. Finally, the concept of “ Erymastacus ” based on carapace and chelipeds proposed by Hyžný et al. (2015) is correct and should be renamed as “ Stenodactylina ”.</p><p>SYSTEMATIC IMPLICATIONS</p><p>According to Hyžný et al. (2015), we consider that several species fit the concept of Stenodactylina (ex Erymastacus) such as:</p><p>1) Eryma insignis Oppel, 1862; this species shows P1 chela with length and shape close to that of Eryma anisodactyla Krause, 1891 . We consider that E. anisodactyla is a junior synonymous of E. insignis and we propose the new combination Stenodactylina insignis (Oppel, 1862), n. comb.;</p><p>2) Erymastacus australis Secrétan, 1964; this species shows P1 chela exhibiting a rectangular propodus, a wide inflated dactylar bulge and slender fingers. These features support the placement in Stenodactylina . We propose the new combination Stenodactylina australis (Secrétan, 1964), n. comb.;</p><p>3) Eryma falsani Dumortier, 1867; this species is known by a P1 chela showing a rectangular propodus, long and slender fingers and a row of coarse tubercles on dorsal surface of propodus. These characters support the assignment to Stenodactylina . Hence, we propose the new combination Stenodactylina falsani (Dumortier, 1867), n. comb.;</p><p>4) Stenodactylina lagardettei (Hyžný et al., 2015) n. comb. exhibits P1 chelae typical of Stenodactylina .</p><p>Contrary to Hyžný et al. (2015), we consider that several species do not fit the concept of Stenodactylina (ex Erymastacus) such as:</p><p>1) Eryma babeaui Étallon, 1861; this species possesses P1 chela typical of Eryma with trapezoidal propodus showing two longitudinal depressions and fingers curved inward and gradually narrowing distally;</p><p>2) Eryma major Oppel, 1861; this species was synonymized with Eryma modestiforme (Schlotheim, 1822) by Garassino &amp; Schweigert (2006). However, the holotype exhibits a dentition of the fingers different from that in E. modestiforme . Eryma punctatum Oppel, 1861 has the same dentition, so E. major is probably a large specimen of E. punctatum;</p><p>3) Erymastacus quenstedti Beurlen, 1928; this species exhibits P1 chela typical of Eryma with trapezoidal propodus and fingers curved inward and gradually narrowing distally. According to Schweitzer et al. (2010), we maintain the placement in Eryma;</p><p>4) Eryma aalensis (Quenstedt, 1857); this species exhibits P1 chela typical of Eryma with trapezoidal propodus showing two longitudinal depressions and fingers curved inward and gradually narrowing to distal extremity.</p><p>Hyžný et al. (2015) did not list several species, which we consider here to be representatives of Stenodactylina such as:</p><p>1) Enoploclytia armata Secrétan, 1964; this species shows P1 chela exhibiting a strong rectangular propodus, with inner margin more compressed than outer margin, rows of coarse tubercles in dorsal and ventral surfaces and on inner margin, and a wide inflated dactylar bulge. These features support the placement in Stenodactylina . We propose the new combination Stenodactylina armata (Secrétan, 1964) n. comb.;</p><p>2) Enoploclytia triglypta Stenzel, 1945; this species exhibits a carapace groove pattern with postcervical groove not joined to branchiocardiac groove and interrupted in hepatic region. These features support the placement in Stenodactylina . We propose the new combination Stenodactylina triglypta (Stenzel, 1945) n. comb.;</p><p>3) Eryma burgundiacum Crônier &amp; Courville, 2004; this species exhibits a carapace groove pattern with postcervical groove not joined to branchiocardiac groove and interrupted in hepatic region. These features support the placement in Stenodactylina . We propose the new combination Stenodactylina burgundiaca (Crônier &amp; Courville, 2004) n. comb.;</p><p>4) Eryma granuliferum Secrétan, 1964; this species exhibits a carapace groove pattern with postcervical groove not joined to branchiocardiac groove and interrupted in hepatic region (see Charbonnier et al. 2012a: fig. 10). These features support the placement in Stenodactylina . We propose the new combination Stenodactylina granulifera (Secrétan, 1964) n. comb.;</p><p>5) Eryma villersi Morière, 1883; the carapace groove pattern (postcervical groove not joined to branchiocardiac groove, interrupted in hepatic region) and the P1 chelae (elongate propodus, elongated, slender fingers) support the assignment to Stenodactylina . Hence, we proposed the new combination Stenodactylina villersi (Morière, 1883) n. comb.;</p><p>6) Erymastacus strambergensis Bachmayer, 1959; this species shows P1 chela exhibiting a propodus with inner margin more compressed than outer margin, a row of coarse tubercles on inner margin, an inflated dactylar bulge, and a slender index basis. These features support the placement in Stenodactylina . We proposed the new combination Stenodactylina strambergensis (Bachmayer, 1959) n. comb.;</p><p>7) Eryma walkerae Feldmann &amp; Haggart, 2007; this species exhibits a carapace groove pattern with postcervical groove not joined to branchiocardiac groove and interrupted in hepatic region. These features support the placement in Stenodactylina . We propose the new combination Stenodactylina walkerae (Feldmann &amp; Haggart, 2007) n. comb.;</p><p>8) Eryma deslongchampsi Van Straelen, 1925; this species exhibits a carapace groove pattern with postcervical groove not joined to branchiocardiac groove and interrupted in hepatic region associated with a P1 chela with an elongate propodus and elongated, slender fingers. These features support the placement in Stenodactylina . We propose the new combination Stenodactylina deslonchampsi (Van Straelen, 1924), n. comb.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF821EFE10FC15FDBFFBBF0D9D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF8213FE12FC72FA1AFE7E0BB4.text	E32D87EF8213FE12FC72FA1AFE7E0BB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaeastacus Bell 1850	<div><p>Genus Palaeastacus Bell, 1850</p><p>(Fig. 1G, H)</p><p>Palaeastacus Bell, 1850: 344 . — Zittel 1885: 695. — Beurlen 1928: 180. — Förster 1966: 126. — Taylor 1979: 26. — Aguirre-Urreta &amp; Ramos 1981: 606. — Aguirre-Urreta 1989: 509. — Schweitzer &amp; Feldmann 2001: 174. — Feldmann et al. 2015: 3. — Hyžný et al. 2015: 375.</p><p>Enoploclytia (Palaeastacus) – Mertin 1941: 161. — Glaessner 1969: 455.</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Astacus sussexiensis Mantell, 1824, by subsequent designation of Glaessner (1929).</p><p>EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. — Fusiform intercalated plate with tubercles; deep cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; short gastro-orbital groove originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove; postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves nearly parallel, both joined to hepatic groove; concavo-convex hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; inferior groove convex posteriorly, joined to hepatic groove; longitudinal rows of sub-spiny tubercles in gastric region, diagonal rows of tubercles on cardiac region; massive chelate P1; P1 propodus short, thick, slightly globose, inner margin more compressed than outer margin, longitudinal rows of spiny tubercles on dorsal and ventral surfaces, inner margin bearing strong spines; P1 palm with narrow dactylar bulge; wide fingers, slightly longer than propodus, gradually narrowing to distal extremity; index with basally curved occlusal margin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF8213FE12FC72FA1AFE7E0BB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF8213FE13FF15FC1DFA9B0FF8.text	E32D87EF8213FE13FF15FC1DFA9B0FF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stenodactylina delphinensis (Moret 1946) Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016	<div><p>Stenodactylina delphinensis (Moret, 1946) n. comb.</p><p>(Fig. 5A, B)</p><p>Eryma delphinensis Moret, 1946: 49-51, fig. 3. — Förster 1966: 122-123. — Schweitzer et al. 2010: 23.</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype OSUG.UJF-ID 11152 (Touchon coll.).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Noyarey, Isère department, Rhône-Alpes region, southeastern France.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Berriasian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subcylindrical carapace (holotype: CL = 36 mm; CH = 17 mm); short toothless rostrum; fusiform intercalated plate; slightly curved ocular incision; narrow tuberculate post-orbital area; wide cephalic region, extending at almost half of carapace length; wide, deep cervical groove, strongly inclined, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; narrow antennal groove; short gastro-orbital groove originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove; postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves subparallel; deep and narrow postcervical groove, strongly inclined and curved forward, intercepting dorsal margin, interrupted in hepatic region; shallow branchiocardiac groove, as wide as postcervical groove, deeper towards its junction to hepatic groove, not joined to dorsal margin, joined to hepatic groove; narrow, hepatic groove, shallow, concave posteriorly, slightly convex anteriorly, joined to cervical groove; flat attachment site of adductor testis muscle (χ bulge); wide and deep inferior groove, convex posteriorly, joined to hepatic groove; carapace ornamentation made of small tubercles delimited anteriorly by shallow depressions; ornamentation growing more dense towards branchial region.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>The examination of the holotype reveals the absence of a junction between postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves which remain subparallel until postcervical groove interrupts in hepatic region. This carapace groove pattern is typical of Stenodactylina . Stenodactylina delphinensis (Moret, 1946) n. comb. is the only representative of the genus for the Early Cretaceous. In addition, the holotype presents a carapace in butterfly-like position with a strong dorsoventral flattening along the dorsal midline (Fig. 5A). This layout is characteristic of a lobster molt (Glaessner 1969; Charbonnier et al. 2012b). A rupture of the dorsal midline is observed with a slight rotation of the two halves of carapace. This suggest a probable hinge-type opening during ecdysis (Charbonnier et al. 2012b).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF8213FE13FF15FC1DFA9B0FF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF8212FE14FF57FE3FFDA30D9A.text	E32D87EF8212FE14FF57FE3FFDA30D9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaeastacus sussexiensis (Mantell 1824)	<div><p>Palaeastacus sussexiensis (Mantell, 1824)</p><p>(Figs 6; 7 A-E)</p><p>Astacus sussexiensis Mantell, 1824: 11, pl. 29, fig. 15; 1833: 124, 373, 379, fig. 2; 1844: 238, fig.4. — Quenstedt 1852: 269; 1885: 411, fig. 129.</p><p>Enoploclytia imagei M’Coy, 1849: 331; 1854: 136. — Reuss 1854: 3. — Woodward 1877: 9. — Glaessner 1929: 146. — Schweitzer et al. 2010: 22.</p><p>Enoploclytia brevimana M’Coy, 1849: 332; 1854: 137. — Reuss 1854: 3. — Bronn 1852: 352. — Woodward 1877: 9. — Schweitzer et al. 2010: 22.</p><p>Palaeastacus dixoni Bell, 1850: 344, 345, pl. 38, figs 1-5. — Geinitz 1875: 292. — Schlüter 1879: 602. — Schweitzer et al. 2010: 25.</p><p>Hoploparia scabra Bell, 1863: 28, pl. 7, fig. 3-7. — Glaessner 1929: 221.</p><p>Phlyctisoma granulatum Bell, 1863: 36, pl. 11, fig. 9-10. — Glaessner 1929: 314. — Monaco &amp; Garassino 2000: 297.</p><p>Palaeastacus plauensis Geinitz, 1875: 291, pl. 64, fig. 9.</p><p>Astacus leachii (pars) – Mantell 1822: 223, pl. 30, fig. 3.</p><p>Glyphea sussexiensis – Roemer 1841: 105.</p><p>Enoploclytia sussexiensis – Morris 1854: 108. — Willet 1871: 42-43. — Woodward 1877: 10; 1878: 377, pl. 38, figs 1-4. — Schlüter 1879: 602. — Van Straelen 1936: 12.</p><p>Palaeastacus sussexiensis – Glaessner 1929: 200. — Rathbun 1935: 23. — Förster 1966: 133, fig.24, pl.17, fig.6.—Aguirre-Urreta&amp; Ramos 1981: 609, fig. 4c; 1989: 510, figs 8-10 — Morris 1987: 196, pl. 42, figs 4-5. — Wittler 1998: 18, fig. 5. — Garassino &amp; Schweigert 2006: 11. — Schweitzer et al. 2010: 26. — Karasawa et al. 2013: 79, 102.</p><p>Palaeastacus? plauensis – Glaessner 1929: 290.</p><p>Enoploclytia dixoni – Woods 1930: 83, pl. 23, figs 9-12, pl. 24, figs 1-3. — Van Straelen 1936: 11.</p><p>Enoploclytia (Palaeastacus) sussexiensis – Mertin 1941: 161, fig. 4a.</p><p>Enoploclytia (Palaeastacus) imagei – Roberts 1962: 164.</p><p>Palaeastacus scaber – Förster 1966: 132, fig. 26, pl. 17, fig. 7-9. — Schweitzer &amp; Feldmann 2001: 174. — Garassino &amp; Schweigert 2006: 11. — Schweitzer et al. 2010: 25. — Karasawa et al. 2013: 102.</p><p>Palaeastacus cf. sussexiensis – Taylor 1979: 30, fig. 10e, pl. 4 fig. d-f.</p><p>Palaeastacus? plavensis – Schweitzer et al. 2010: 25.</p><p>Pustulina granulata – Schweitzer et al. 2010: 26.</p><p>Pustulina scabra – Schweitzer et al. 2010: 26.</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — According to Morris (1980), Förster (1966: 134) selected as a lectotype of Palaeastacus sussexiensis one of the syntypes of Palaeastacus dixoni Bell, 1850; obviously the selection should have been made on the original type material of Mantell (1824). So the specimen NHMUK 5601, from the original type material of Mantell, is herein designated as lectotype. Thirteen paralectotypes are also considered: NHMUK 5024, 5584, 5586, 5589, 5600, 5602, 5608, 5613, 5618, 5624, 5626, 5629, 10760.</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Sussex, United Kingdom (precise type locality not indicated on the original labels).</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Cenomanian, Late Cretaceous.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Carapace sub-cylindrical (lectotype: CL = 82 mm, CH = 41 mm); long spiny rostrum; fusiform and tuberculate intercalated plate; ridge on dorsal margin of branchial region; deep cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; deep antennal groove; short gastroorbital groove originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove; postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves subparallel; dorsally deep, sinuous postcervical groove, shallowing ventrally, not joined to dorsal margin, joined to hepatic groove; narrow branchiocardiac groove, strongly inclined, shallower than postcervical groove, not joined to dorsal margin, joined to hepatic groove; concavo-convex, narrow hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; inflated ω bulge; flat χ area; deep inferior groove, joined to hepatic groove; carapace densely covered with rounded tubercles in branchial region and widely spaced coarse tubercles in gastric, hepatic and cephalic regions; row of coarse tubercles parallel to dorsal margin in cardiac and branchial regions; two oblique rows of coarse tubercles in cardiac region; two rows of tubercles parallel to the intercalated plate in gastric region; pleonal somites with terga ornamented by three pairs of strong dorsal spines and by rounded, coarse tubercles on the remaining surface; subtriangular pleura, with pointed ventral margin, ornamented with strong spines; telson with rounded extremity; telson with longitudinal median ridge flanked by two wide lateral ridges interrupted at telson mid-length; telson covered with coarse rounded tubercles; uropods as long as telson, covered by tubercles; uropodal endopod with longitudinal carina; uropodal exopod with diaeresis; chelate P1; short, trapezoidal, slightly globose P1 propodus, with two divergent rows of spines on ventral and dorsal surfaces; inner margin with strong spines; wide fingers, slightly longer than propodus; occlusal margins with short, spaced teeth; index wider than dactylus; dactylus adorned with spines; spiny P1 carpus and merus.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>The original type material of Astacus leachii Mantell, 1822 was heterogeneous and composed of a set of P1 chelae and fragments of carapaces. Among these chelae, Mantell (1824) distinguished Astacus sussexiensis (short, spiny chelae with short fingers) from A. leachii (chelae with long fingers). Later, numerous authors regarded A. sussexiensis as a representative of Enoploclytia (Morris 1854; Willet 1871; Woodward 1877, 1878; Van Straelen 1936; Mertin 1941). Bell (1850) described Palaeastacus dixoni which type material is composed of an isolated pair of P1 chelae, some P1 chelae connected with carapaces and a complete carapace preserved in connection with a complete pleon (Fig. 6F; Bell 1850: pl. 38, fig. 1). The latter specimen was designated by Woods (1930) as the lectotype of Enoploclytia dixoni (Bell, 1850) . Woods (1930) also considered A. sussexiensis, Enoploclytia brevimana M’Coy, 1849, Hoploparia scabra Bell, 1863 (Fig. 7B, C), and Phlyctisoma granulatum Bell, 1863 (Fig. 7D, E) as junior synonyms of E. dixoni . Förster (1966), recently followed by Karasawa et al. (2013), distinguished Palaeastacus sussexiensis (Mantell, 1824) (including as synonyms: A. sussexiensis, Enoploclytia imagei M’Coy, 1849, E. brevimana, P. dixoni and Palaeastacus plauensis Geinitz, 1875) and Palaeastacus scaber (Bell, 1863) (including as synonyms: H. scabra and P. granulatum). Lastly Schweitzer et al. (2010) re-established the distinction between E. brevimana, E. imagei, P. granulatum, P. plauensis, P. dixoni, P. scaber and P. sussexiensis .</p><p>Our re-examination of the type specimens reveals that the P1 chelae of P. sussexiensis and P. dixoni are similar (short, spiny P1 propodus with narrow dactylar bulge and bearing wide fingers). Moreover, the carapaces of P. dixoni, P. granulatum and H. scabra show the same groove pattern (nearly parallel postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves joined to hepatic groove and not joined to dorsal margin) and the same ornamentation (branchial region densely covered with tubercles; widely spaced tubercles in gastric, hepatic and cephalic regions; row of coarse tubercles parallel to dorsal margin in cardiac and branchial regions; oblique rows of coarse tubercles in cardiac region). Thus, we follow Woods (1930) and consider A. sussexiensis, P. dixoni, H. scabra and P. granulatum as a unique species: Palaeastacus sussexiensis (Mantell, 1824) . Enoploclytia brevimana (Fig. 6E) and E. imagei (Fig. 7A) have not been figured until now. Both have spiny P1 chelipeds; short P1 propodus with short and wide fingers as P. sussexiensis . Moreover, a syntype of E. imagei includes a carapace (Fig. 7A) with a long rostrum, a groove pattern and an ornamentation close to P. sussexiensis . The type material of P. plauensis is an incomplete P1 propodus and fragments of wide fingers coarsely ornamented close to those of P. sussexiensis . Finally our review leads us to recognise P. dixoni, E. imagei, E. brevimana, H. scabra, P. granulatum and P. plauensis as junior synonyms of P. sussexiensis .</p><p>In addition, Palaeastacus sussexiensis (Mantell, 1824) had a wide geographic distribution and a stratigraphic range from the Aptian to the Turonian. Indeed, this species has been reported: 1) from the Aptian of Alexander Island (Antarctic; Taylor 1979) and Patagonia (Argentina; Aguirre-Urreta 1989); 2) the Albian of England (Bell 1863; Woods 1930; Förster 1966); 3) the Cenomanian of England (Bell 1850; Förster 1966; Morris 1987), Germany (Mertin 1941) and France (Van Straelen 1936; Förster 1966); and 4) the Turonian of England (Mantell 1822, 1833, 1844; Morris 1987) and Germany (Wittler 1998).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF8212FE14FF57FE3FFDA30D9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF8214FE16FCDBFF1EFD3609B9.text	E32D87EF8214FE16FCDBFF1EFD3609B9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaeastacus loryi (Van Straelen 1923) Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016	<div><p>Palaeastacus loryi (Van Straelen, 1923) n. comb.</p><p>(Fig. 7F, G)</p><p>Eryma loryi Van Straelen, 1923: 93; 1936: 7, 8, pl. 1, fig. 6. — Glaessner 1929: 155. — Moret 1946: 50, fig. 1. — Roger 1946: 42. — Secrétan 1964: 69. — Förster 1966: 123. — Feldmann &amp; Titus 2006: 64. — Schweitzer et al. 2010: 24.</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype (OSUG, probably lost).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Malleval, Isère department, Rhône-Alpes region, southeastern France.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Valanginian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subcylindrical carapace (holotype:CL = 60 mm, CH = 30 mm); deep cervical, postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves; short gastro-orbital groove originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove; short antennal groove; postcervical groove parallel to branchiocardiac groove, not joined to dorsal margin, joined to hepatic groove; branchiocardiac groove, joined to dorsal margin, slightly sinuous dorsally, joined to hepatic groove; concavo-convex hepatic groove, poorly preserved; carapace homogeneously and densely covered with small tubercles following crescent-shaped pits.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>The holotype was not found in the palaeontological collections of OSUG at Grenoble, France. Our review of the species is based on the line drawing and the figure presented by Van Straelen (1923: fig. 93) and Van Straelen (1936: pl. 1, fig. 6) respectively. Firstly, the line drawing is misleading by exhibiting intercalated plate not visible on the figure. Indeed, the cephalic part clearly appears to be crushed. Moreover, the carapace grooves seem to be incompletely reported. The examination of the figures leads us to identify the postcervical groove parallel to the branchiocardiac groove and joined to the hepatic groove. This pattern is typical of Palaeastacus . Hence, the new combination Palaeastacus loryi (Van Straelen, 1923), n. comb. is proposed herein.</p><p>Other species of Palaeastacus are known from the Early Cretaceous such as Palaeastacus foersteri Taylor, 1979 (Barremian of Alexander Island, Antarctic; Fig. 3A, B), Palaeastacus tenuidigitatus (Woods, 1957), n. comb. (Aptian of Queensland, Australia; see comments about Enoploclytia), and Palaeastacus terraereginae (Etheridge Jr., 1914) (Barremian of Patagonia, Argentina; Aptian of Alexander Island, Antarctic; Aptian of Queensland, Australia).</p><p>A short, spiny P1 chela from the Albian of Texas was assigned tentatively to a new species Paramithrax H. Milne Edwards, 1834 by Whitfield (1883):? Paramithrax walkeri . Merill (1905) and Adkins (1928) followed Whitfield, but Rathbun (1935) emended his description and assigned this species to Palaeastacus . Rathbun (1935: pl. 3, figs 7-9) figured the holotype of P.walkeri (Whitfield, 1883) and included new material in this species (carapace, P1 chela, left P1 cheliped). Stenzel (1945) assigned P.walkeri to Enoploclytia and refigured the carapace added by Rathbun (1935). He also figured new material (complete right P1 cheliped, left P1 dactylus, two pleons). Following Stenzel (1945), Richardson Jr. (1955) figured a right P1 cheliped under the name Enoploclytia walkeri (Whitfield, 1883) but in a new variety: E. walkeri, var. schmidti . In his review, Förster (1966), later followed by Schweitzer et al. (2010), re-assigned the species to Palaeastacus .</p><p>Our review of all the figured specimens reveals that the holotype of P. walkeri fits the concept of Palaeastacus (short, rectangular propodus, strong spines on dorsal and ventral surfaces and on dactylus, narrow dactylar bulge). Furthermore, the P1 chelae figured byRathbun (1935: pl. 5, figs 1-3) and byStenzel (1945: pl. 38, fig.1), the P1 dactylus figured by Stenzel (1945: fig. 8), and the P1 chelipeds figured by Rathbun (1935: pl. 5, fig. 4) and Richardson Jr. (1955: fig. 108) are similar to the holotype of P. walkeri . The two pleons figured by Stenzel (1945: fig. 9, pl. 38, fig. 2) probably also belong to P. walkeri . However, the carapace figured by Rathbun (1935: pl. 4, figs 1-2) and by Stenzel (1945: pl. 39, fig.1)exhibits a long gastro-orbital groove, a sinuous postcervical groove joined to hepatic groove and a short branchiocardiac groove. This groove pattern is typical of Enoploclytia so this carapace cannot be regarded as P. walkeri but as a new species of Enoploclytia (see section Enoploclytia).</p><p>In conclusion, with six species, Palaeastacus is the erymid genus including the most species for the Early Cretaceous.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF8214FE16FCDBFF1EFD3609B9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF8216FE16FEACFBDDFB190F78.text	E32D87EF8216FE16FEACFBDDFB190F78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enoploclytia M'Coy 1849	<div><p>Genus Enoploclytia M’Coy, 1849</p><p>(Fig. 1I, J)</p><p>Enoploclytia M’Coy, 1849: 330; 1854: 137. — Zittel 1885: 694. — Fritsch &amp; Kafka 1887: 27. — Van Straelen 1925: 278. — Beurlen 1928: 164. — Rathbun 1926: 128. — Secrétan 1964: 81. — Förster 1966: 146. — Taylor 1979: 25. — Aguirre-Urreta 1989: 514. — Feldmann et al. 2015: 3.</p><p>Enoploclytia (Enoploclytia) – Mertin 1941: 160. — Glaessner 1969: 455.</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Astacus leachii Mantell, 1822, by original designation.</p><p>EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. — Fusiform intercalated plate; wide, deep cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; long, wide gastro-orbital groove originating as median inflexion of cervical groove, delimiting two gastro-orbital lobes; sinuous postcervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to hepatic groove, with ventral extension at carapace mid-height; short branchiocardiac groove, interrupted in upper part of carapace, joined to dorsal margin, not joined to postcervical groove; concavo-convex hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; prominent ω and χ bulges; inferior groove convex posteriorly, joined to hepatic groove; carapace with heterogeneous coarse ornamentation; massive globose P1 propodus, rounded in transversal section; long and thin P1 fingers (straight in dorsal view); occlusal margins armed with sharp and slender tooth.</p><p>PRELIMINARY REMARKS</p><p>Out of numerous species of Enoploclytia listed by Schweitzer et al. (2010), five are known from the Early Cretaceous.Among these species, two are from the Hauterivian of France: Enoploclytia glaessneri Van Straelen,1936, which belongs to Eryma (see comments about Eryma glaessneri), and Enoploclytia salviensis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1849) . The type material of E. salviensis is lost for a long time and the species is only known by the figures presented byRobineau-Desvoidy (1849): some fragments of P1 fingers and a carapace. The fragments of fingers are curved with numerous short and close teeth, while fingers of Enoploclytia are straight with long, slender and spaced teeth. Furthermore, the illustrations of the carapace is not clear enough to assign it to any genus of decapod crustaceans.</p><p>Two other species come from the Albian of Texas. Enoploclytia wintoni Stenzel, 1945 is known by a pair of chelae with globose and coarsely tuberculate propodus and slender denticulate fingers typical of Enoploclytia . Enoploclytia wenoensis Rathbun, 1935, is known by a single pleon with terga without relief, densely covered with small pits and rounded pleura. Usually species of Enoploclytia have a pleon with more relief (longitudinal bulges on pleura basis; coarse, widely spaced ornamentation) and triangular, sharp pleura. Then, following Stenzel (1945) and Förster (1966), we conclude that E. wenoensis is probably not a representative of Enoploclytia but maybe a representative of Astacodes Bell, 1863, Hoploparia M’Coy, 1849, or Homarus Weber, 1795 .</p><p>Enoploclytia tenuidigitata Woods, 1957 (Aptian of Queensland, Australia) is known by some fragments of carapace, P1 chelae and pleon. The carapace groove pattern with postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves joined to hepatic groove is typical of Palaeastacus . So E. tenuidigitata should be assigned to Palaeastacus; thus a new combination Palaeastacus tenuidigitatus (Woods, 1957), n. comb. is proposed herein.</p><p>Taylor (1979),Aguirre-Urreta(1982)andGarassino etal. (2009) reported fragments of chelae attributed to Enoploclytia sp. from the Aptian of Alexander Island (Antarctic), the Barremian of Patagonia (Argentina) and the Aptian of Catalonia (Spain), respectively. Finally, E. wintoni and the fragments of chelae discussed above have until now been the only reports of Enoploclytia from the Early Cretaceous.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF8216FE16FEACFBDDFB190F78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF8216FE09FC03FA9AFD780F58.text	E32D87EF8216FE09FC03FA9AFD780F58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enoploclytia augustobonae Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016	<div><p>Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp.</p><p>(Fig. 8 A-D)</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype MNHN.F.B14557.</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Amance, Aube department, Champagne-Ardenne region, East France.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Barremian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to Augustobona, the Latin name of Troyes, the regional capital near the type locality.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subcylindrical carapace (holotype:CL = 63 mm, CH = 33 mm); rostrum not preserved; intercalated plate not preserved but underlined by a slight deviation of dorsal margin in cephalic region; deep cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove, strongly inclined above gastro-orbital groove, subvertical under gastro-orbital groove; deep, narrow antennal groove, strongly curved; wide, shallow gastro-orbital groove originating as large median inflexion of cervical groove, with two divergent branches, delimiting two gastro-orbital lobes (flat upper lobe, slightly prominent lower lobe); sinuous postcervical groove, dorsally deep and ventrally shallow, joined to dorsal margin and to hepatic groove, with ventral extension at carapace midheight; short, shallow branchiocardiac groove, joined to dorsal margin and not to postcervical groove; concavo-convex hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; inflated ω bulge; slightly inflated χ bulge; shallow inferior groove; cephalic region without antennal row of tubercles; carapace covered with small, widely spaced tubercles; cardiac region with a dorsal row of coarse tubercles; gastric region with a row of coarse tubercles parallel to intercalated plate and an oblique row of coarse tubercles.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>The new species is assigned to Enoploclytia based on its typical carapace groove pattern: wide gastro-orbital groove, postcervical groove joined to hepatic groove, short branchiocardiac groove not joined to postcervical nor to hepatic grooves. It is also the oldest occurrence of Enoploclytia .</p><p>Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp. cannot be compared to Enoploclytia wintoni, which is only known by its P1 chelae.</p><p>Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp. differs from Enoploclytia gigantea n. sp. by its carapace groove pattern with: 1) a nonsinuous cervical groove; 2) a less incurved antennal groove; 3) a shorter and shallower gastro-orbital groove; and 4) a longer ventral extension of postcervical groove. Furthermore the ornamentation of these two species is different: Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp. exhibits fine tubercles on all the carapace surface and coarse tubercles along dorsal margin and in gastric region, while E. gigantea n. sp. has coarse tubercles in the upper half of carapace, fine tubercles in the lower half of carapace, and a row of strong spines along dorsal margin.</p><p>Our review leads us to consider the Hauterivian species E.glaessneri as a representative of Eryma and to exclude E. salviensis from the Erymidae .In conclusion Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp. is currently the oldest occurrence of the genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF8216FE09FC03FA9AFD780F58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF8209FE09FE8FFABAFA7E0E58.text	E32D87EF8209FE09FE8FFABAFA7E0E58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enoploclytia gigantea Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016	<div><p>Enoploclytia gigantea n. sp.</p><p>(Fig. 8 E-H)</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype n°201 stored in the collections of the Bureau of Economic Geology, Texas (after Rathbun 1935).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Fort Worth, Texas (United States of America).</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Albian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the Latin giganteus, - a, - um (= enormous) alluding to the exceptional size of the carapace.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Carapace subrectangular in lateral view (holotype:CL= 175 mm, CH = 110 mm); rostrum not preserved; deep, sinuous cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; deep antennal groove, strongly curved and delimiting a slightly raised antennal lobe; long gastro-orbital groove, originating as a deep median inflexion of cervical groove, with two divergent branches delimiting two gastro-orbital lobes (flat upper lobe, slightly prominent lower lobe); deep, sinuous postcervical groove (strong sinuosity at carapace mid-height), joined to dorsal margin and to hepatic groove, with short ventral extension; short, shallow branchiocardiac groove, strongly inclined, joined to dorsal margin and not to postcervical groove; sinuous hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; strongly inflated ω bulge; flat attachment site of adductor testis muscle (χ bulge); deep inferior groove; carapace covered with widely spaced tubercles; coarse tubercles in upper half of carapace and small tubercles in lower half of carapace; gastric region with a row of coarse tubercles parallel to intercalated plate; row of spines directed forward along dorsal margin.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>The present carapace was initially identified as Palaeastacus walkeri byRathbun (1935), who was followed by Stenzel (1945; see discussion about Palaeastacus). Our examination of the type material of P. walkeri leads us to a different conclusion. Indeed, this carapace shows groove pattern typical of Enoploclytia (long gastro-orbital groove, postcervical groove joined to hepatic groove, short branchiocardiac groove not joined to postcervical nor to hepatic grooves).</p><p>As for Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp., Enoploclytia gigantea n. sp. (known by its carapace) cannot be compared to Enoploclytia wintoni (only known by P1 chelae). For a comparison, see discussion on E. augustobonae n. sp.</p><p>In conclusion, Enoploclytia gigantea n. sp. possesses the biggest carapace currently known among all erymid lobsters.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF8209FE09FE8FFABAFA7E0E58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF8209FE09FC08FBBDFA4C0D9D.text	E32D87EF8209FE09FC08FBBDFA4C0D9D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pustulina MOTS CLES Crustacea, Quenstedt 1857	<div><p>Genus Pustulina Quenstedt, 1857</p><p>(Fig. 1K, L)</p><p>Pustulina Quenstedt, 1857: 807 . — Feldmann et al. 2015: 3.</p><p>Phlyctisoma Bell, 1863: 34 . — Zittel 1885: 695. — Secrétan 1964: 74. — Förster 1966: 135.</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Pustulina suevica Quenstedt, 1857, by monotypy.</p><p>EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. — Fusiform intercalated plate; inflated hepatic, cardiac and branchial regions; deep cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; deep, long gastro-orbital groove, originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove, with two divergent incurved branches, delimiting two gastro-orbital lobes; strongly inclined postcervical groove, inflected before joining hepatic groove, not joined to dorsal margin; short and shallow branchiocardiac groove, joined to dorsal margin and not joined to postcervical groove; concave hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; shallow cardiac groove, straight, inclined forward, rising from postcervical groove, joined to dorsal margin; cephalic region with strongly tuberculate antennal row and distal antennal spine; carapace with tuberculate ornamentation; chelate P1-P3; P1 with strongly tuberculate ornamentation; short P1 propodus with fingers barely longer; P1 dactylus longer than P1 index.</p><p>COMMENTS</p><p>Pustulina shares some features with Enoploclytia . Both have an inflated branchial region, a well-developed gastro-orbital groove, usually divided in two branches, a short branchiocardiac groove not joined to the postcervical groove, a tuberculate antennal row, and usually a heterogeneous coarse ornamentation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF8209FE09FC08FBBDFA4C0D9D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF8208FE08FE81FF1EFACA08C6.text	E32D87EF8208FE08FE81FF1EFACA08C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pustulina occitana Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016	<div><p>Pustulina occitana n. sp.</p><p>(Fig. 9 A-D)</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype MNHN.F.A57460 (Leroy coll.).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Laciterne-Boisset near Moulès-et-Baucels, Hérault department, Languedoc-Roussillon region, southern France.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Berriasian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to Occitània, the historical region in southern Europe where Occitan was the main language spoken.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subcylindrical carapace (holotype: CL = 28 mm, CH = 15 mm); dorsal line inclined downward in cephalic region; inflated cardiac, hepatic and branchial regions; deep cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; deep antennal groove, twice as narrow as cervical groove; long gastro-orbital groove, originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove, with two divergent branches, delimiting two tuberculate gastro-orbital lobes (flat upper lobe, prominent lower lobe); deep, straight postcervical groove, wider than cervical groove, strongly inclined, not joined to dorsal margin, forming a faint notch in upper hepatic region; shallow branchiocardiac groove, interrupted in upper third of carapace height, joined to dorsal margin and not joined to postcervical groove; concave hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; deep inferior groove, joined to hepatic groove; short cardiac groove, inclined forward, rising from postcervical groove, joined to dorsal margin; cephalic region with convex antennal row of strong tubercles; carapace with scabrous surface, entirely covered with rounded tubercles, coarse and widely spaced in antennal and gastric regions, becoming gradually smaller and nearby towards posterior and ventral parts of branchial region.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>The new species is assigned to Pustulina based on its typical carapace groove pattern: long gastro-orbital groove with two divergent branches, strongly inclined postcervical groove joined to hepatic groove, short and shallow branchiocardiac groove not joined to postcervical or to hepatic grooves, concave hepatic groove, and cardiac groove.</p><p>Pustulina occitana n. sp. differs from the other four Early Cretaceous species, mainly by its ornamentation and its carapace groove pattern. Compared to Pustulina victori (Van Straelen, 1936), nom. nov., the cardiac groove of P. occitana n. sp. is narrower, shallower and less inclined forward, the gastro-orbital groove is longer and the ornamentation is denser. Pustulina tuberculata (Bell, 1863) possesses a cephalic region with straight dorsal margin in lateral view, whereas in P. occitana n. sp., the dorsal margin is inclined downward. Moreover, the carapace ornamentation in P. tuberculata is composed of homogeneous evenly spaced tubercles, whereas it is heterogeneous in P. occitana n. sp. (cephalic region with coarse and more widely spaced tubercles; branchial region with nearby and smaller tubercles). Pustulina occitana n. sp. shows some differences from Pustulina colossea n. sp. in its carapace groove pattern: its cervical groove is not as sinuous as in P. colossea n. sp., its gastro-orbital groove is narrower, with a shorter upper branch, its postcervical groove is not gradually curved and its inferior groove is more strongly curved forward. Moreover P. occitana n. sp. is devoid of prominent upper gastro-orbital lobe and its ornamentation is denser than in P. colossea n. sp. Pustulina spinulata Secrétan, 1964 (Valanginian-Hauterivian, Madagascar) is the only extra- European Pustulina species for the Early Cretaceous. As P. tuberculata, also P. spinulata possesses a straight dorsal margin in cephalic region (inclined downward in Pustulina occitana n. sp.). In addition, P. spinulata differs from P. occitana n. sp. by its more inflated and spiny hepatic region and its homogeneous ornamentation in branchial region.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF8208FE08FE81FF1EFACA08C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF8208FE0AFCE1FD3CFDD70867.text	E32D87EF8208FE0AFCE1FD3CFDD70867.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pustulina victori (Van Straelen 1936) Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016	<div><p>Pustulina victori (Van Straelen, 1936), nom. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 9E, F)</p><p>Eryma tuberculata Van Straelen, 1936: 9, pl. 2, fig. 3. — Roger 1946: 42. — Secrétan 1964: 69.</p><p>Phlyctisoma sp. – Förster 1966: 144.</p><p>Eryma tuberculatum – Schweitzer et al. 2010: 25.</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype (MHNC collection, probably lost).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Leysse, Savoie department, Rhône-Alpes region, southeastern France.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Berriasian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet honors Victor Van Straelen, who identified the new species.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subcylindrical carapace (CL = c. 46 mm with incomplete cephalic region, CH = 24 mm); inflated cardiac, hepatic and branchial regions; wide, deep cervical groove, straight, narrowing ventrally, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; wide gastro-orbital groove; very wide, deep postcervical groove, straight, dorsally strongly inclined, narrowing under its inflexion, not joined to dorsal margin, joined to hepatic groove; wide, concave hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; deep inferior groove, joined to hepatic groove; wide, straight cardiac groove, strongly inclined forward, rising from postcervical groove, probably joined to dorsal margin; carapace ornamented with coarse, widely spaced, rounded tubercles.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>The holotype is probably lost and the present description is based on the figure proposed by Van Straelen (1936). Its low resolution does not allow to see the branchiocardiac groove. If this groove is present, it is too shallow and narrow to be distinguished.</p><p>Initially assigned to Eryma by Van Straelen (1936), the species was reassigned to Phlyctisoma sp. (now Pustulina sp.) by Förster (1966) based on its typical groove pattern (long gastroorbital groove, strongly inflected postcervical groove joined to hepatic groove, concave hepatic groove, cardiac groove). Our examination of the original figure leads us to confirm Förster’s placement.Moreover, the ornamentation and the welldeveloped cardiac groove are substantial enough to maintain the validity of the species described by Van Straelen (1936). Consequently, this situation leads to a case of secondary homonymy.To solve this problem and according to ICZN (1999: articles 53.3, 57.3), we propose herein the replacement name Pustulina victori nom. nov. pro P. tuberculata (Van Straelen, 1936) non P. tuberculata (Bell, 1863) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF8208FE0AFCE1FD3CFDD70867	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF820AFE0AFEFAFD9CFAD70867.text	E32D87EF820AFE0AFEFAFD9CFAD70867.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pustulina colossea Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016	<div><p>Pustulina colossea n. sp.</p><p>(Fig. 9G, H)</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype MNHN.F.A57459 (Leroy coll.).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Castellane, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region, southeastern France.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Hauterivian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the massive size and appearance of the carapace for a representative of Pustulina .</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subcylindrical carapace (holotype: CL = c. 50 mm with incomplete branchial region, CH = 29 mm); rostrum not preserved; cephalic region with dorsal line strongly inclined downward; strongly inflated cardiac, hepatic and branchial regions; wide, deep cervical groove, subvertical, slightly sinuous at level of gastro-orbital groove, narrowing above its junction to hepatic groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; narrow, shallow antennal groove, strongly curved towards anterior margin; wide, deep gastro-orbital groove, originating as a median inflexion of cervical groove, with two divergent branches delimiting two inflated gastro-orbital lobes; wide postcervical groove, strongly inclined in dorsal branchial region and arcuate before joining hepatic groove, forming a notch in upper hepatic region; deep, concave hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; inferior groove joined to hepatic groove; shallow, straight cardiac groove, rising from postcervical groove, slightly inclined forward, joined to dorsal margin; carapace entirely covered with rounded tubercles, coarser and more widely spaced forward postcervical groove, thinner and closer in branchial and pterygostomial regions; row of coarse tubercles parallel to intercalated plate; cephalic region with convex antennal row of tubercles and distal antennal spine.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>Pustulina colossea n. sp. is assigned to Pustulina based on its typical carapace groove pattern: long gastro-orbital groove with two branches, postcervical groove joined to hepatic groove, concave hepatic groove and cardiac groove.</p><p>Pustulina colossea n. sp. differs from Pustulina tuberculata and Pustulina spinulata by the cephalic region with dorsal margin strongly inclined downward (straight in the latter), its postcervical groove curved in dorsal branchial region (straight in the latter), its prominent upper gastro-orbital lobe (flat in the latter), and its heterogeneous ornamentation (homogeneous in the latter). The differences between P. colossea n. sp. and Pustulina occitana n. sp. are described in the discussion about P. occitana n. sp.</p><p>Among Pustulina species, P. colossea n. sp. is the only one showing a curved postcervical groove and a raised upper gastro-orbital lobe. Furthermore, some morphological characters of P. colossea n. sp., in particular the width of cervical and gastro-orbital grooves and the massive appearance of the carapace, are also encountered in Enoploclytia .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF820AFE0AFEFAFD9CFAD70867	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF820AFE0CFC0DFD9CFE440B07.text	E32D87EF820AFE0CFC0DFD9CFE440B07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pustulina tuberculata (Bell 1863)	<div><p>Pustulina tuberculata (Bell, 1863)</p><p>(Fig. 9 I-L)</p><p>Phlyctisoma tuberculatum Bell, 1863: 35, pl. 11, fig. 1-8.</p><p>Phlyctisoma tuberculata – Glaessner 1929: 314. — Förster 1966: 145, pl. 18, fig. 11-12.</p><p>Enoploclytia tuberculata – Woods 1931: 82, pl. 23, fig. 4-8.</p><p>Eryma tuberculata – Woods 1957: 156.</p><p>Pustulina tuberculata – Schweitzer et al. 2010: 26.</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype SMB22368 designated byFörster (1966); 7 paralectotypes SM B22364, B22365, B22366, B22367, B22369, B22370, B22371 (Carter coll.).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Albian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subcylindrical carapace (lectotype: CL = 52 mm, CH = 24 mm); fusiform, tuberculate intercalated plate; inflated cardiac, hepatic and branchial regions; deep, inclined cervical groove, joined to dorsal margin and to antennal groove; deep antennal groove, strongly curved; long gastro-orbital groove, originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove, with two divergent branches delimiting two gastro-orbital lobes (inflated lower lobe, flat upper lobe); wide postcervical groove, strongly inclined, inflected at carapace mid-height, not joined to dorsal margin, joined to hepatic groove; shallow, short branchiocardiac groove, joined to dorsal margin, not joined to postcervical groove; concave hepatic groove, narrow, joined to cervical groove; deep inferior groove; shallow, narrow cardiac groove, straight, rising from postcervical groove, slightly inclined forward, joined to dorsal margin; carapace uniformly covered with rounded tubercles, small tubercles are between coarse tubercles; cephalic region with a row of tubercles subparallel to intercalated plate, an oblique row of tubercles in gastric region, a convex antennal row of tubercles with antennal spine; pleonal somites poorly preserved; terga with two pairs of dorsal tubercles; pleura with rounded ventral margins, covered by small tubercles; telson and uropods poorly preserved; chelate P1; short P1 propodus, almost longer than wide, covered with rounded and coarse tubercles; P1 carpus with rounded and coarse tubercles; P1 merus poorly preserved.</p><p>REMARKS</p><p>Pustulina tuberculata is close to Pustulina spinulata from Madagascar. The latter is only distinguished by its more prominent lower gastro-orbital lobe, its more inflated hepatic region and its denser tuberculation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF820AFE0CFC0DFD9CFE440B07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF820CFE0CFE8CFE7EFE2E0E39.text	E32D87EF820CFE0CFE8CFE7EFE2E0E39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tethysastacus Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016	<div><p>Genus Tethysastacus n. gen.</p><p>(Fig. 1M)</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Eryma tithonia Van Straelen, 1936 by monotypy.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. — Fusiform intercalated plate; straight ocular incision; wide post-orbital area; wide and deep cervical groove; no gastroorbital groove; wide postcervical groove, straight, strongly inclined, joined to hepatic groove; concave hepatic groove, joined to cervical groove; dense heterogeneous ornamentation, branchial region with small tubercles and small depression, gastric region with pits, frontal region with strong tubercles and pits.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — A combination of Tethys, the vast Mesozoic ocean, and the Latin astacus (“marine crayfish” or “escrevisse” in Old French).</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>Tethysastacus n. gen. is assigned to the Erymidae based on the presence of the intercalated plate. It differs from all other genera of erymid lobsters by its extremely simple carapace groove pattern and the absence of branchiocardiac and gastroorbital grooves. The postcervical groove is straight, whereas it is inflected in all other genera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF820CFE0CFE8CFE7EFE2E0E39	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
E32D87EF820CFE0CFF1EFB5AFB9408A6.text	E32D87EF820CFE0CFF1EFB5AFB9408A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tethysastacus tithonius (Van Straelen 1936) Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016	<div><p>Tethysastacus tithonius (Van Straelen, 1936) n. comb.</p><p>(Fig. 10 A-D)</p><p>Eryma tithonia Van Straelen, 1936: 8-9, pl. 2, fig. 1-2. — Roger 1946: 42. — Secrétan 1964: 68. — Förster 1966: 123. — Feldmann &amp; Titus 2006: 64.</p><p>Eryma tithonium – Schweitzer et al. 2010: 25.</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype MNHN.F. J03351.</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Laciterne-Boisset near Moulès-et-Baucels, Hérault department, Languedoc-Roussillon region, South France.</p><p>TYPE AGE. — Valanginian, Early Cretaceous.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Subrectangular carapace in lateral view (holotype: CL = 21 mm; CH = 10 mm); long, toothless rostrum; intercalated plate present; short, oblique ridge near rostrum basis; straight ocular incision; wide tuberculate post-orbital area; wide, deep cervical groove, probably joined to dorsal margin, joined to antennal groove; antennal groove shallower than cervical groove, reaching post-orbital area; gastro-orbital groove absent; straight, oblique postcervical groove, as wide and deep as cervical groove, joined to hepatic groove; slightly concave hepatic groove, narrower than cervical and postcervical grooves, joined to cervical groove; curved inferior groove, joined to ventral margin behind its junction to hepatic groove, as wide and deep as hepatic groove; branchial, cardiac and hepatic regions with small tubercles intercalated with deep circular pits; similar ornamentation in pterygostomial region but with smaller and shallower pits; cephalic region with heterogeneous ornamentation: gastric region with circular pits, frontal region with strong tubercles and small pits; dense ornamentation on the whole carapace.</p><p>COMMENTS</p><p>The holotype presents a carapace in butterfly-like position with a strong dorsoventral flattening along the dorsal midline (Fig. 10A). This mode of preservation is characteristic of a lobster molt (Glaessner 1969; Charbonnier et al. 2012b). A pronounced rupture of the dorsal midline is observed with a strong rotation of the two halves of carapace. This suggest a probable hinge-type opening during the ecdysis (Charbonnier et al. 2012b).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E32D87EF820CFE0CFF1EFB5AFB9408A6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Devillez, Julien;Charbonnier, Sylvain;Hyžný, Matúš;Leroy, Lucien	Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4
