taxonID	type	description	language	source
E52787FBFFD25E32FF3BFEB7FEBBD875.taxon	description	(Figs 16, 33 – 34)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD25E32FF3BFEB7FEBBD875.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, six labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], “ TYPE ” [red, printed], “ Cephennium / ovatus Nietn. / determ. transcr. ex / coll. Mus. Stettin ” [white, handwritten and printed], “ Cephennodes / ovatus Nietn. / Cl. Besuchet / det. III 1970 ” [handwritten and printed ”], QR code label with collection number 8205, and newly added “ CEPHENNODES / (ACULEODES) / ovatus (Nietner, 1856) / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD25E32FF3BFEB7FEBBD875.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Pronotum and elytra with dense punctures separated by spaces subequal to their diameters, those on pronotum slightly finer than those on elytra, subhumeral line on each elytron slightly longer than 1 / 3 EL; male lacking secondary sexual characters; aedeagus in ventral view strongly elongate and asymmetrical, with right lateral margin more convex than left one and subtrapezoidal apical projections tilted towards right side, in lateral view apical projections forming elongate shaft directed distodorsad; parameres asymmetrical.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD25E32FF3BFEB7FEBBD875.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of male (Fig. 1) elongate oval, strongly convex, light brown; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.10 mm. Head broadest across moderately large, strongly convex and coarsely faceted eyes, HL 0.13 mm, HW 0.25 mm; frontal and vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex; supraantennal tubercles distinctly elevated. Punctures on frons and vertex fine but distinct, separated by spaces 2 – 3 times as wide as punctures; setae sparse, short and suberect. Antennae robust, with trimerous clubs, AnL 0.48 mm; antennomere 1 about as long as broad, 2 slightly elongate, 3 and 4 each distinctly transverse, 5 – 7 each about as long as broad, 8 – 10 each transverse, 11 distinctly broader than 10 and about as long as 9 – 10 combined, about 1.7 times as long as wide. Pronotum semioval, broadest at base; PL 0.35 mm, PW 0.53 mm; anterior margin strongly rounded and confluent with lateral margins, which are posteriorly barely noticeably sinuate; posterior corners sharp-angled and acute; posterior margins strongly bisinuate; base with one pair of small lateral pits, each situated closer to posterior than lateral margin; sublateral carinae lacking. Punctures on pronotal disc more distinct than those on frons and vertex, punctures small but sharply marked, separated by spaces on average subequal to their diameters, narrow strip along posterior margin impunctate; setae short, moderately dense and suberect. Elytra together oval, broadest near anterior fourth; EL 0.63 mm, EW 0.55 mm, EI 1.14; humeral denticles large and acute; subhumeral lines developed as sharp borders between impressed mesal region and elevated lateral region, distinctly diverging posterad, about as long as 1 / 3 EL; basal elytral fovea situated at middle between lateral scutellar margin and subhumeral line; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures about as dense as those on pronotum but slightly stronger; setae similar to those on pronotum. Legs moderately long and slender, unmodified. Aedeagus (Figs 33 – 34) strongly elongate; AeL 0.28 mm; median lobe in ventral view broadest near middle of basal capsule, asymmetrical, with right lateral margin more convex than left one and subtrapezoidal apical projections tilted towards right side, in lateral view apical projections forming elongate shaft directed distodorsad; parameres asymmetrical, each with one apical and two subapical setae. Female. Unknown.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD25E32FF3BFEB7FEBBD875.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD25E32FF3BFEB7FEBBD875.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Nietner (1856) stated that he collected C. ovatus from spider webs. Only one specimen is present in his collection, a male, which is here designated as lectotype, because Nietner (1856) did not specify the number of studied specimens. Csiki placed Cephennium breviusculum Motschulsky, 1858: 32 (currently in Cephennodes) as a junior synonym of C. ovatus. I was able to directly compare the female syntype of Cephennium breviusculum (see Jałoszyński 2021 a) with the newly designated lectotype of C. ovatus. These specimens are of a similar size, shape and pigmentation, but they clearly differ in punctures on the pronotal disc, those in Cephennodes breviusculus being larger and denser than those in C. ovatus. Cephennodes breviusculus (Motschulsky) is removed from synonymy with Cephennodes ovatus (Nietner).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD05E31FF6BFF06FD23DB71.taxon	synonymic_list	a secondary junior homonym of Cephennodes ovatus (Nietner), is here replaced with Cephennodes ovatides nom. n.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD05E31FF6BFF06FD23DB71.taxon	discussion	Although the subgenus Aculeodes Jałoszyński & Nomura (2009) was diagnosed based on female characters, the aedeagi of the type species of Aculeodes, C. ovatus, and C. vegrandis Stevanović, 2009 show similarities that suggest their close relationships. The parameres are free, as in Cephennodes s. str., and the apical group of dorsodistal projections is inserted on a common tubular shaft. These features are added to the diagnosis of Aculeodes, and C. ovatus and C. vegrandis are here placed in Cephennodes (Aculeodes). Species of the large genus Cephennodes are morphologically uniform, except for remarkable male dimorphic characters in some species groups, and in general, females are extremely difficult or even impossible to identify. The lectotype of C. ovatus is externally unremarkable, but the aedeagus is unique and not possible to confuse with copulatory organs of any other illustrated species.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD05E30FF3BFD22FE42DBC0.taxon	description	(Fig. 17)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD05E30FF3BFD22FE42DBC0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♀, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8195, and newly added “ SCYDMAENUS / (MASCARENSIA) / femoralis Nietner, 1856 / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD05E30FF3BFD22FE42DBC0.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Each elytral apex truncate and sinuate.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD05E30FF3BFD22FE42DBC0.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of female (Fig. 17) strongly elongate and weakly convex, yellowish brown (teneral specimen!); setae of similar color as cuticle; BL 1.20 mm. Head broadest across small and finely faceted eyes not projecting from head silhouette, HL 0.20 mm, HW 0.25 mm; frontal and vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertex with shallow posteromedian impression; supraantennal tubercles weakly elevated. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and recumbent. Antennae slender, with trimerous clubs, AnL 0.58 mm; antennomere 1 and 2 strongly elongate, 3 – 5 elongate, 6 – 8 each transverse, 9 and 10 each about as long as broad, 11 slightly broader than 10, much shorter than 9 – 10 combined, about 1.5 times as long as broad. Pronotum inversely subtrapezoidal, broadest near anterior third; PL 0.35 mm, PW 0.33 mm; anterior margin strongly rounded and confluent with lateral margins, which are anteriorly strongly rounded and posteriorly nearly straight; posterior corners obtuse-angled and blunt; posterior margin distinctly arcuate; base with two pairs of small and shallow pits. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex; setae short, moderately dense and suberect. Elytra together oval, broadest slightly anterior to middle; EL 0.65 mm, EW 0.43 mm, EI 1.53; humeral calli not elevated, basal impressions virtually absent; elytral apices truncate and each with sinuate posterior margin. Punctures and setae similar to those on pronotum. Legs long and slender, metafemur with distinct oblique dorsal impression proximad middle, distally delimited by blunt ridge. Male. Unknown.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD05E30FF3BFD22FE42DBC0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD05E30FF3BFD22FE42DBC0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Only one specimen (a female) is preserved in coll. Nietner. He stated that “ My S. femoralis I found under the soft, rotting bark of an Erythrina indica ”, but did not specify the number of specimens. Therefore, the available material must be treated as a syntype, and the single female illustrated in Fig. 17 is here designated as the lectotype. Characters of this specimen perfectly match the Nietner’s description, especially the elytra “ slightly truncated at the apex and with a slight sinuosity in the truncature on either side of the suture ”, and “ the femora are at the place of the juncture rather abruptly narrowed, bent and slightly compressed ”. The structure of the hind femora is characteristic of the subgenus Mascarensia. Franz (1982) ignored Nietner’s description and as S. femoralis misidentified a species belonging to the subgenus Cholerus, showing a set of remarkable impressions on the head dorsum in males. The body length of 2.0 ‒ 2.1 mm given by Franz also clearly indicates a misidentification — the lectotype female is only 1.25 mm long. The specimens examined by Franz and listed in his 1982 paper under the name S. femoralis belong to an undescribed species. The lectotype is a teneral female, but it shows a character not known in any other member of the subgenus Mascarensia — truncate and sinuate elytral apices. Franz (1982) recorded from Sri Lanka two species of Mascarensia, S. loebli Franz, 1982, and S. ovicollis (Schaufuss 1884). The description of S. loebli contains only the section “ Penis ”, which is explained by a high external similarity to S. dendrophilus Franz 1973 that occurs in Nepal. Not even the measurements are included. Scydmaenus dendrophilus does not have any unusual structures on the elytral apices, so if S. loebli is indeed externally difficult to distinguish from S. dendrophilus, S. femoralis is not conspecific with S. loebli. The identity of Sri Lankan specimens as S. ovicollis, a species that was described based on material collected in Singapore and later recorded from Sumatra, requires verification, especially that most illustrations of aedeagi for this genus published by Franz are not suitable for species identifications, because they show the genitalia in random positions, only rarely in a strictly dorsal or ventral views. If this species indeed occurs in Sri Lanka, it is not conspecific with S. femoralis, not only because of the lack of the elytral modification, but also because of a clearly larger body size.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD15E37FF3BFD6AFABADD14.taxon	description	(Figs 18, 35 – 36)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD15E37FF3BFD6AFABADD14.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8190, and newly added “ SCYDMAENUS / (i. s.) / alatus Nietner, 1856 / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ). Paralectotypes (2 exx.): 1 ♂, 1 ♀, with white printed copies of locality label and identification labels with “ PARALECTOTYPUS ” (MIZ). Revised diagnosis. Antennomere 9 only slightly enlarged, so that antennal club appears as dimerous; pronotum lacking antebasal pits; aedeagus in dorsal view elongate triangular, broadest shortly distad base, from the widest site narrowing distad with nearly straight lateral margins and narrowly rounded apex, dorsal ostium flanked by pair of high ridges visible in lateral view in distal half.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD15E37FF3BFD6AFABADD14.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of male (Fig. 18) strongly elongate and weakly convex, light brown; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.20 mm. Head broadest across small and finely faceted eyes weakly projecting from head silhouette, HL 0.20 mm, HW 0.23 mm; frontal and vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertex not impressed posteromedially; supraantennal tubercles weakly elevated. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and recumbent. Antennae slender, with trimerous clubs, but antennomere 9 only slightly enlarged, so that clubs appear as dimerous, AnL 0.60 mm; antennomere 1 and 2 strongly elongate, 3 – 6 elongate, 7 about as long as broad, 8 weakly transverse, 9 distinctly transverse, 10 about as long as broad, 11 indistinctly broader than 10, slightly longer than 9 – 10 combined, about 1.8 times as long as broad. Pronotum oval, broadest between middle and anterior third; PL 0.35 mm, PW 0.30 mm; anterior margin strongly rounded and confluent with lateral margins, which are anteriorly strongly rounded and posteriorly nearly straight; posterior corners obtuse-angled and blunt; posterior margin weakly arcuate; base lacking pits. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex; setae short, moderately dense and suberect. Elytra together oval, broadest slightly anterior to middle; EL 0.65 mm, EW 0.45 mm, EI 1.44; humeral calli not elevated, basal impressions virtually absent; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures and setae similar to those on pronotum. Legs long and slender, protarsi broadest proximally and distinctly narrowing distad. Metathoracic anapleural sulcus complete. Aedeagus (Figs 35 – 36) strongly elongate; AeL 0.28 mm; median lobe in dorsal view broadest near base and strongly narrowing distad, lateral margins in distal 2 / 3 very slightly sinuate, subapical region with long lateral setae; in lateral view a pair of longitudinal ridges flanking ostium strongly elevated and occupying entire distal half of aedeagus, apex both in dorsal and lateral view narrowly rounded. Female. Externally similar to male, but with indistinctly slenderer protarsi. BL 1.25 mm; HL 0.23 mm, HW 0.25 mm, AnL 0.60 mm; PL 0.33 mm, PW 0.31 mm; EL 0.70 mm, EW 0.45 mm, EI 1.56.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD15E37FF3BFD6AFABADD14.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD15E37FF3BFD6AFABADD14.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The type series of this species consisted of four specimens mounted on a single card. After remounting, two of them were found to be males, and two are females. Two males and one female belong to one species, characterized by a strongly enlarged antennomeres 10 and 11, but weakly enlarged antennomere 9, and therefore their clubs can be described as dimerous. One female is clearly not congeneric; its antennal clubs are trimerous. Nietner (1856) noticed this difference and explained that he included specimens with dimerous and trimerous antennal clubs in one species, because he believed this was a sexual dimorphism. The female with the trimerous club is here excluded from the type series of S. alatus, and one of the dimerous males (with a historical label) is designated as the lectotype. Franz (1982) ‘ redescribed’ this species based on specimens collected by Besuchet, Löbl and Mussard. Examination of the aedeagus of the Nietner’s type specimens demonstrates that it is clearly different from that of specimens identified as S. alatus by Franz. The specimens examined by Franz and listed in his 1982 paper under the name S. alatus belong to an undescribed species. The only Sri Lankan Scydmaenus whose aedeagus, illustrated in Franz (1982), is similar to that found in S. alatus, is S. alatus sensu Franz. As mentioned in the previous paragraph these aedeagi differ and the Franz’s species is not S. alatus. His illustration shows the aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views, and only the general shape (the median lobe tapering from base to apex) is somewhat similar, indicating that these two species may be related. This misidentified species was placed in Scydmaenus s. str. However, in the type species of Scydmaenus, there are two pairs of antebasal pronotal pits (see Jałoszyński (2016 )), and both the true S. alatus and the species misidentified by Franz are devoid of pronotal pits. The subgeneric system of Scydmaenus is highly unclear and requires profound changes. Even though I have examined (by SEM) type species of most Scydmaenus subgenera, I was unable to place S. alatus in an existing subgenus. It belongs to the group of species with the metaventrite fully demarcated from metanepisterna by the anapleural sulci, a character that also occurs in Scydmaenus s. str. (some subgenera have the metanepisterna fused with the metaventrite). The two terminal antennomeres much broader than antennomere 9 can be found in the Australian subgenera Heteromicrus Franz, 1975 and Kingius Franz (in Newton & Franz (1998 )), but they both have the metanepisterna fused with the metaventrite (illustrated for Kingius in Jałoszyński (2023 )).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD65E36FF3BFB5EFDD5DA50.taxon	description	(Figs 19 – 20)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD65E36FF3BFB5EFDD5DA50.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♀, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8196, and newly added “ SCYDMAENUS / (i. s.) / intermedius Nietner, 1856 / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD65E36FF3BFB5EFDD5DA50.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Head remarkably large, only slightly narrower than pronotum, tempora distinctly convex so that head is widest slightly behind eyes; elytra more strongly narrowing anterad than posterad.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD65E36FF3BFB5EFDD5DA50.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of female (Fig. 19) strongly elongate and strongly convex, dark brown; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.78 mm. Head broadest slightly behind large and finely faceted eyes not projecting from head silhouette, HL 0.38 mm, HW 0.40 mm; frontal and vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertex slightly impressed posteromedially; supraantennal tubercles weakly elevated. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and recumbent. Antennae slender, with trimerous clubs, AnL 0.88 mm; antennomere 1 and 2 strongly elongate, 3 – 5 elongate, 6 about as long as broad, 7 and 8 each transverse (9 more so) and asymmetrical, 9 indistinctly transverse, 10 about as long as broad, 11 indistinctly broader than 10, clearly shorter than 9 – 10 combined, about 1.7 times as long as broad. Pronotum oval, broadest between middle and anterior third; PL 0.50 mm, PW 0.45 mm; anterior margin strongly rounded and confluent with lateral margins, which are anteriorly strongly rounded and posteriorly nearly straight; posterior corners obtuse-angled and blunt; posterior margin nearly straight; base with two lateral pairs of small round pits. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex; setae short, moderately dense and suberect. Elytra together oval, broadest near middle; EL 0.90 mm, EW 0.68 mm, EI 1.33; humeral calli not elevated, basal impressions virtually absent; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures and setae similar to those on pronotum. Legs long and slender, protarsi broadest proximally and slightly narrowing distad. Metathoracic anapleural sulcus complete. Male. Unknown.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD65E36FF3BFB5EFDD5DA50.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD65E36FF3BFB5EFDD5DA50.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The type series consists of two females, originally mounted on separate cards and pins. They clearly belong to different species. The female illustrated in Fig. 19 is designated as the lectotype. There are no indications in the Nietner’s description which of the two specimens should be chosen as the lectotype of S. intermedius, both of them match the description, so the decision is arbitrary. The other female (collection number 8196), which most likely does not belong in the nominotypical subgenus (Fig. 20) and is somewhat similar to S. alatus is excluded from the type series of S. intermedius. Franz (1982) does not mention this species. The lectotype of this species has the metanepisterna demarcated from the metaventrite, two pairs of antebasal pronotal pits, and trimerous antennal clubs. These characters are typical of Scydmaenus (s. str.). Moreover, the general body form, strongly convex and robust, resembles that of the type species of the nominotypical subgenus (see Jałoszyński (2016 )). Among known Sri Lankan species, S. intermedius has a conspicuously large head, only slightly narrower than the pronotum.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD75E34FF3BFC1AFDF5DB70.taxon	description	(Figs 21, 37 – 38)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD75E34FF3BFC1AFDF5DB70.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8204, and newly added “ SCYDMAENUS / (s. str.) / pselaphoides Nietner, 1856 / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ). Paralectotypes (5 exx.): 5 ♀♀, three and two on two pins, each pin with original label “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection numbers 8198 and 8202, respectively, and identification labels with “ PARALECTOTYPUS ” {but see Remarks for uncertain identity} (MIZ). Revised diagnosis. Head conspicuously small, much narrower than pronotum; head and pronotum with fine, inconspicuous punctures, while those on elytra dense and distinct; aedeagus in dorsal view narrowing from base to subapical region and then strongly broadening to form rounded lateraloapical lobes clearly separated distomedially, in lateral view median lobe weakly and almost evenly curved.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD75E34FF3BFC1AFDF5DB70.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of male (Fig. 21) strongly elongate and strongly convex, moderately dark brown; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.93 mm. Head broadest across large and finely faceted eyes weakly projecting from head silhouette, HL 0.33 mm, HW 0.36 mm; frontal and vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertex not impressed posteromedially; supraantennal tubercles weakly elevated. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and weakly suberect. Antennae slender, with slender trimerous clubs, AnL 1.00 mm; antennomere 1 – 6 each strongly elongate, 7 about as long as broad and slightly asymmetrical, 8 distinctly transverse and asymmetrical, 9 and 10 each slightly elongate, 11 slightly broader than 10, indistinctly shorter than 9 – 10 combined, about twice as long as broad. Pronotum oval, broadest slightly behind anterior third; PL 0.58 mm, PW 0.53 mm; anterior margin strongly rounded and confluent with lateral margins, which are anteriorly strongly rounded and indistinctly angulate at widest site of pronotum and posteriorly nearly straight; posterior corners obtuse-angled and blunt; posterior margin weakly arcuate; base with two lateral pairs of small round pits. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex; setae moderately long, moderately dense and suberect to erect. Elytra together oval, broadest slightly anterior to middle; EL 1.03 mm, EW 0.80 mm, EI 1.28; humeral calli distinctly elevated, basal impressions shallow but distinct, adscutellar elytral margins elevated to form rounded ridges flanking scutellum and forming V-shaped structure; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures much larger, deeper and denser than those on pronotum, slightly unevenly distributed and separated by spaces subequal to their diameters; setae moderately long and dense, suberect to erect. Legs long and slender, protarsi broadest proximally and distinctly narrowing distad. Metathoracic anapleural sulcus complete. Aedeagus (Figs 37 – 38) strongly elongate; AeL 0.58 mm; median lobe in dorsal view narrowing from base to subapical region and then strongly broadening to form rounded lateraloapical lobes clearly separated distomedially, in lateral view median lobe weakly and almost evenly curved; ostium distally with pair of elongate hyaline lobes projecting distally; endophallus with long flagellum. Female. Identity of paralectotype females remains unclear, so their characters and measurements are not included in redescription.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD75E34FF3BFC1AFDF5DB70.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo; Singapore, Thailand.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD75E34FF3BFC1AFDF5DB70.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The type series of S. pselaphoides includes 13 specimens, of which 8 are males representing three different species. However, externally all 13 specimens look almost the same and the three species can only be distinguished by the male genitalia. Possibly a larger sample would make it possible to find also some morphometric features differing between these species, but with seven males at hand this is not possible. I designate the male illustrated in Fig 21 as the lectotype of S. pselaphoides. This is the only male of this species, and all remaining males are excluded from the type series. All females are treated as impossible to identify. They become paralectotypes of S. pselaphoides (some may belong to this species and become identifiable if a larger sample is available in future), but the newly added identification labels read “? Scydmaenus pselaphoides ” to indicate identity problems. The two remaining species represented by males in the original Nietner’s type series of S. pselaphoides are discussed below. The male specimen examined by Franz and listed in his 1982 paper under the name S. pselaphoides has a different aedeagus than any of the three species of the Nietner’s type series and has been misidentified. This species has an unremarkable external morphology, like many other members of Scydmaenus s. str. from various continents. However, its aedeagus is unique among SE Asian species in the general shape, and especially in apical structures in ventral view. Scydmaenus (s. str.) singaporanus Franz, 1985 a was described based on specimens collected in Singapore and Thailand, the aedeagus illustrated in the original description is indistinguishable from that shown in Fig. 37. I have in my collection a male specimen of S. singaporanus collected in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Its external morphology and aedeagus are indistinguishable from those of the lectotype of S. pselaphoides, so this is indeed one widely distributed species currently known to occur in Sri Lanka, Singapore and Thailand. Scydmaenus singaporanus Franz becomes a junior synonym of S. pselaphoides Nietner. The true identity of the remaining two species (Figs 22, 23, 39 – 42) is unclear and it will require examination of several other species described from other regions of SE Asia, and solving a long-standing problem related to three names: S. mantcioranus (Schaufuss, 1884), S. minangkabauensis Blattný, 1926, and S. hoabinhensis Lhoste, 1938. Lhoste (1938): fig. 4 illustrated (only in lateral view) the aedeagus of a specimen that he identified as S. mantcioranus. His drawing looks almost identical to the aedeagus shown in Fig. 40 of the present paper (isolated from the male illustrated in Fig. 22 and referred to as “ Scydmaenus sp. 1 ”). Franz (1984) stated that he has examined the specimen studied by Lhoste, and that it was in fact S. minangkabauensis. The latter name was placed by Franz (1984) as a senior synonym of S. hoabinhensis. A new species bearing the latter name was described based on specimens from Vietnam, China, Sumatra, Java, and Sri Lanka, but it remains unknown whether Lhoste examined aedeagi of all specimens, or only one (which one?), and the remaining ones he identified by external characters. The latter would mean that identity of all undissected specimens is unknown, because many species of Scydmaenus (s. str.) do not differ in external characters. The aedeagus of S. hoabinhensis was illustrated in the same paper in which that of S. mantcioranus sensu Lhoste was shown (Lhoste, 1938: figs 8 and 4, respectively), they both are depicted in lateral views, and are strikingly different. The aedeagus of S. hoabinhensis illustrated by Lhoste is very similar to the aedeagus of the second of two species originally placed by Nietner in the type series of S. pselaphoides, as shown in Fig. 42 of the present paper (isolated from the male illustrated in Fig. 23 and referred to as “ Scydmaenus sp. 2 ”). Also, the aedeagus of “ S. hoabinhensis ” illustrated in Franz (1982): fig. 1 and in Franz (1989): fig. 7 is highly similar to that of Lhoste’s illustration for S. hoabinhensis (and to Fig. 42), and strongly differs from that illustrated for S. mantcioranus sensu Lhoste (= S. minangkabauensis sensu Franz), which is similar to Fig. 40 of the present paper. The synonymy of S. hoabinhensis and S. minangkabauensis in Franz (1984) is therefore proven erroneous by illustrations in Lhoste (1938) and in Franz (1982), which clearly show two separate species. In Franz (1982) the pronotum of S. hoabinhensis is described as “ wenig länger als breit ” (a little longer than wide), but Blattný (1926): fig. 2 illustrated his S. minangkabauensis (= S. hoabinhensis according to Franz) with a strikingly elongate pronotum, much longer than wide. Lack of illustrations of the aedeagi in dorsal or ventral views for each of these species makes it impossible to clarify this problem, because different species may have aedeagi highly similar in lateral view, but otherwise strongly different. The status of these three names and identity of species must be clarified by studying the type specimens. However, if S. hoabinhensis is indeed a junior synonym of S. minangkabauensis, records of this species from China, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand, Taiwan, and Vietnam are not necessarily based on correctly identified specimens, so the distribution also requires verification. The same pertains to S. mantcioranus, which was recorded from Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand, also not necessarily based on correctly identified specimens.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD55E2AFF3BFD23FB64DB08.taxon	description	(Figs 24, 43 – 44)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD55E2AFF3BFD23FB64DB08.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8189, and newly added “ EUCONNUS / (s. str.) / advolans (Nietner, 1856) / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ). Paralectotypes (3 exx.): 3 ♀♀, each with white printed copies of original label, and with identification labels with “ PARALECTOTYPUS ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD55E2AFF3BFD23FB64DB08.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Vertex in lateral view weakly bulging posterodorsad and with dense thick bristles; eyes conspicuously large, in lateral view longer than tempora; antennal clubs distinctly tetramerous and longer than remaining flagellomeres combined; pronotum widest slightly behind middle, strongly narrowing anteriorly and weakly posteriorly, with five antebasal pits connected by shallow transverse groove; legs of male lacking any modifications; aedeagus in ventral view pear-shaped, broadest in sub-basal region, then narrowing distally but broadened in subapical region, apex subtrapezoidal with deep and narrow median notch; membranous area conspicuously small and circular, situated in sub-basal ventral region; endophallus asymmetrical, with subapical V-shaped structure; parameres not reaching apex of median lobe.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD55E2AFF3BFD23FB64DB08.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of male (Fig. 24) moderately slender, strongly convex, moderately dark brown; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.38 mm. Head broadest across large and coarsely faceted eyes strongly projecting from head silhouette, HL 0.25 mm, HW 0.28 mm; frontal and anterior vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertex weakly bulging posterodorsad; supraantennal tubercles weakly elevated. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and weakly suberect; tempora and vertex with dense and long bristles directed posteriorly. Antennae slender, with sharply delimited tetramerous clubs longer than remaining flagellomeres combined, AnL 0.65 mm; antennomere 1 – 2 each strongly elongate, 3 – 10 each weakly transverse, 11 as broad as 10, distinctly shorter than 9 – 10 combined, about 1.5 times as long as broad. Pronotum semielliptical, broadest slightly behind middle; PL 0.38 mm, PW 0.35 mm; anterior margin strongly rounded and confluent with lateral margins, which are rounded and anteriorly more strongly convergent than posteriorly; posterior corners obtuse-angled and blunt; posterior margin straight; base with two lateral pairs of small round pits and similarly small median pit, all connected by shallow transverse groove. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex, inconspicuous; setae moderately long, moderately dense and suberect, lateral margins with dense and long bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest slightly anterior to middle; EL 0.75 mm, EW 0.55 mm, EI 1.36; humeral calli distinctly elevated, basal impressions shallow but distinct; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures and setae similar to those on median region of pronotal disc. Legs moderately long, slender, lacking any peculiar modifications. Aedeagus (Figs 43 – 44) stout and in lateral view weakly curved; AeL 0.20 mm; median lobe in ventral view pear-shaped, broadest in sub-basal region, then narrowing distally but broadened in subapical region, apex subtrapezoidal with deep and narrow median notch; membranous area conspicuously small and circular, situated in sub-basal ventral region; endophallus asymmetrical, with subapical V-shaped structure; parameres slender and in ventral view strongly curved, not reaching apex of median lobe, each with two apical setae of unequal lengths. Female. Externally similar to male, except for slightly smaller eyes, in lateral view about as long as tempora. BL 1.35 – 1.48 mm; HL 0.25 mm, HW 0.28 – 0.30 mm, AnL 0.58 – 0.63 mm; PL 0.35 – 0.43 mm, PW 0.35 – 0.40 mm; EL 0.75 – 0.80 mm, EW 0.55 – 0.60 mm, EI 1.29 – 1.39.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD55E2AFF3BFD23FB64DB08.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFD55E2AFF3BFD23FB64DB08.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The type series of Scydmaenus advolans is composed of four specimens (originally mounted on one card), of which only one is a male. The three females seem to be conspecific with the male. All specimens agree with the original description, except for one important difference. Nietner stated that the pronotum is “ 4 - foveolatus ”, whereas the specimens have a distinct median antebasal pit and two pairs of lateral pits. Franz (1982) did not mention this name. Specimens from Nietner coll. belong in Euconnus (s. str.), and the aedeagus extracted from the only male is identical with that illustrated by Franz, 1982: figs 168 A, B for E. quinquefoveolatus (Motschulsky) (as the name implies, it has five antebasal pronotal foveae). However, it should be noted that Franz examined a female type specimen of E. quinquefoveolatus, and that his aedeagus drawing is based on a newly collected material, that has been compared with that female. Without re-examination of the type material (deposited in Moscow), the identity of males studied by Franz is not certain, so the present placing of E. quinquefoveolatus as a junior synonym of E. advolans will require verification. The only male from the Nietner coll. (Fig. 24) is designated here as the lectotype of Scydmaenus advolans. This species seems to differ from all SE Asian congeners in the structure of the aedeagus. However, aedeagi of some species have been inadequately illustrated, and most world species require revision.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCB5E29FF3BFD23FE89DA7C.taxon	description	(Figs 25, 45 – 46)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCB5E29FF3BFD23FE89DA7C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8183, and newly added “ EUCONNUS / (s. str.) / angusticeps (Nietner, 1856) / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCB5E29FF3BFD23FE89DA7C.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Vertex in lateral view weakly bulging posterodorsad and with dense thick bristles, in dorsal view vertexal region conspicuously long; eyes large but in lateral view much shorter than tempora; antennal clubs tetramerous but antennomere 7 also enlarged in relation to proximal flagellomeres, club longer than remaining flagellomeres combined; pronotum widest slightly behind middle, strongly narrowing anteriorly and weakly posteriorly, with two lateral pairs of antebasal pits connected by shallow transverse groove, and with distinct and sharply marked sublateral carinae; legs of male lacking any modifications; aedeagus in ventral view stout, broadest in subapical region, apical region subtriangular with broadly rounded distal margin and concave lateral margins; endophallus slightly asymmetrical, with large median subtriangular plate; parameres not reaching apex of median lobe.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCB5E29FF3BFD23FE89DA7C.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of male (Fig. 25) moderately slender, strongly convex, dark brown with slightly darker pronotum and head; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.93 mm. Head broadest across eyes, HL 0.43 mm, HW 0.35 mm; frontal and anterior vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertexal region weakly bulging posterodorsad, conspicuously long; supraantennal tubercles weakly elevated; eyes large but in lateral view much shorter than tempora. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and weakly suberect; tempora and vertex with dense and long bristles directed posteriorly. Antennae slender, with sharply delimited tetramerous clubs longer than remaining flagellomeres combined, AnL 0.83 mm; antennomere 1 – 2 each strongly elongate, 3 – 10 each weakly transverse, 11 as broad as 10, distinctly shorter than 9 – 10 combined, about 1.6 times as long as broad. Pronotum semielliptical, broadest slightly behind middle; PL 0.50 mm, PW 0.44 mm; anterior margin strongly rounded and confluent with lateral margins, which are rounded and anteriorly much more strongly convergent than posteriorly; posterior corners obtuse-angled and blunt; posterior margin straight; base with two lateral pairs of small round pits connected by shallow transverse groove, and with strongly developed sublateral carinae. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex, inconspicuous; setae moderately long, moderately dense and suberect, lateral margins with dense and long bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest near middle; EL 1.00 mm, EW 0.75 mm, EI 1.33; humeral calli distinctly elevated, basal impressions shallow but distinct; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures and setae similar to those on median region of pronotal disc. Legs moderately long, slender, lacking any peculiar modifications. Aedeagus (Figs 45 – 46) stout and in lateral view weakly curved; AeL 0.28 mm; median lobe in ventral view broadest in subapical region, apical region subtriangular with broadly rounded distal margin and concave lateral margins; endophallus slightly asymmetrical, with large median subtriangular plate laterally and proximally adjacent to large asymmetrical, approximately U-shaped sclerite; parameres slender, distally straight, not reaching apex of median lobe, each with two long apical setae. Female. Unknown.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCB5E29FF3BFD23FE89DA7C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCB5E29FF3BFD23FE89DA7C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Only one specimen is present in Nietner coll., a male, which matches the description except for the transverse antebasal groove connecting the inner pair of pits, which was not mentioned by Nietner. Because the number of studied specimens was not specified, this male must be treated as a syntype, and here it is designated as the lectotype. Euconnus latipennis (Motschulsky, 1858) was placed as a junior synonym of E. angusticeps by Csiki, 1919: 45, but later Franz, 1982: 164 treated E. latipennis as a separate species. He did not mention E. angusticeps, so it remains unclear whether his decision regarding E. latipennis was intentional or simply a result of overlooking the Csiki’s synonymy. Euconnus angusticeps has the aedeagus (including endophallus) most similar to that illustrated for E. alloceylonensis Franz, 1982. However, Franz described the latter species as having the head as wide as long and antennae gradually thickening distally, while the head of E. angusticeps is conspicuously elongate and the antennae have distinct clubs.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC85E28FF3BFCF7FD01DC64.taxon	description	(Figs 26 – 27, 47 – 50)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC85E28FF3BFCF7FD01DC64.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8191, and newly added “ EUCONNUS / (s. str.) / graminicola (Nietner, 1856) / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC85E28FF3BFCF7FD01DC64.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Vertex not bulging posterodorsad and with thick bristles mainly laterally; eyes large, in lateral view about as long as tempora; antennal clubs trimerous, not infuscate, slender, antennomeres 9 and 10 each about as long as broad; pronotum widest near base, with one lateral pair of antebasal pits connected by shallow transverse groove, and with distinct and sharply marked sublateral carinae; protibia of male distinctly curved inwards at apex; aedeagus in ventral view broadest in sub-basal region, with dorsal and ventral apical plates abruptly demarcated laterally from basal capsular portion of median lobe, dorsal plate in lateral view distinctly recurved; endophallus with symmetrical set of poorly defined subapical structures; parameres not reaching apex of median lobe.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC85E28FF3BFCF7FD01DC64.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of male (Figs 26 – 27) moderately slender, strongly convex, light to moderately dark brown; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.28 – 1.33 mm. Head broadest across eyes, HL 0.25 mm, HW 0.28 – 0.30 mm; frontal and anterior vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertexal region not bulging posterodorsad; supraantennal tubercles barely marked; eyes large, in lateral view about as long as tempora. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and weakly suberect; tempora and lateral regions of vertex with dense and long bristles directed posteriorly. Antennae slender, with sharply delimited trimerous clubs, AnL 0.68 mm; antennomere 1 – 2 each strongly elongate, 3 and 4 each distinctly elongate, 5 – 10 each about as long broad, 11 as broad as 10, much shorter than 9 – 10 combined, about 1.8 times as long as broad. Pronotum subtrapezoidal, broadest near base; PL 0.28 – 0.33 mm, PW 0.28 – 0.30 mm; anterior margin arcuate, anterior corners poorly marked, obtuse-angled and blunt; lateral margins weakly rounded; posterior corners obtuse-angled and blunt; posterior margin straight; base with two small round lateral pits connected by shallow transverse groove, and with strongly developed sublateral carinae. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex, inconspicuous; setae moderately long, moderately dense and suberect, lateral margins with dense and long bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest slightly anterior to middle; EL 0.75 mm, EW 0.53 – 0.55 mm, EI 1.36 – 1.43; humeral calli distinctly elevated, basal impressions shallow but distinct; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures and setae similar to those on median region of pronotal disc. Legs moderately long, slender, protibiae with apices distinctly curved inwards. Aedeagus (Figs 47 – 50) moderately stout; AeL 0.23 mm; median lobe in ventral view approximately drop-shaped, broadest in sub-basal region, narrowing distally and in subapical region abruptly narrowed so that subtriangular apical area is sharply delimited from basal capsule; ventral plate short and subtrapezoidal, dorsal plate much longer and with subtriangular apex; in lateral view dorsal plate distinctly recurved; endophallus symmetrical, with poorly defined subapical sclerites; parameres in ventral view slender, weakly curved and their apices not reaching apex of median lobe, each with two long apical setae. Female. Unknown.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC85E28FF3BFCF7FD01DC64.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC85E28FF3BFCF7FD01DC64.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Three specimens, all males, are present in Nietner coll., originally mounted on one card. Nietner (1856) stated that he collected them “ in the sweeping net on the lawns of my garden about sunset. ” External features of the specimens agree with the original description (especially the trimerous antennal club). The male bearing the original locality label is here designated as the lectotype of Scydmaenus graminicola Nietner. Moreover, one specimen found in a tray with a label “ glandulifer ” is a male that also belongs to E. graminicola (Nietner) (Figs 27, 49 – 50), but is very likely not a part of the type series of S. graminicola. Franz (1982) did not mention the name “ graminicola Nietner ”, but he described as new Euconnus graminicola, and the aedeagus of his species is clearly different from that of E. graminicola (Nietner). Placing Scydmaenus graminicola in Euconnus (ex Microscydmus) causes a secondary homonymy with Euconnus graminicola Franz, 1982: 157. The latter name is a junior homonym and is replaced here by Euconnus graminicolides nom. nov. Euconnus graminicola has the aedeagus almost identical with that of E. pyriformis (Figs 51 – 52), only the apical region in lateral view is more profoundly recurved (Fig. 48 vs. Fig. 52). Externally these species clearly differ in body size (E. graminicola is larger), size of the eye (distinctly larger in E. graminicola in relation to temple), in the structure and color of antennal clubs (in E. graminicola distinctly slenderer and not infuscate, with antennomeres 9 and 10 each as long as broad, vs. infuscate and transverse in E. pyriformis), and in bristles on the head (in E. graminicola distinct, dense and long on tempora and lateral areas of vertex, in E. pyriformis barely discernible, sparse and mainly in genal regions). These species are very similar to some other Asian species with trimerous antennal clubs, especially those that occur in East Palaearctic (Jałoszyński 2022 a, b). This group of species requires study based on a larger number of specimens than have been available so far in order to verify separate status of its members. See also Remarks for E. pyriformis below.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC95E2EFF3BFACFFE3EDA50.taxon	description	(Figs 28, 51 – 52)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC95E2EFF3BFACFFE3EDA50.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8192, and newly added “ EUCONNUS / (s. str.) / pyriformis (Nietner, 1856) / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ). Paralectotypes (4 exx.): 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, one male with original Locality label and collection number 8193, remaining specimens with white printed copies of Locality labels and identification labels with “ PARALECTOTYPE ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC95E2EFF3BFACFFE3EDA50.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Vertex not bulging posterodorsad and with sparse, barely discernible bristles; eyes moderately large, in lateral view slightly shorter than tempora; antennal clubs trimerous, infuscate, stout, antennomeres 9 and 10 each distinctly transverse; pronotum widest near base, with one lateral pair of antebasal pits connected by shallow transverse groove, and with short but distinct sublateral carinae; protibia of male distinctly curved inwards at apex; aedeagus in ventral view broadest in sub-basal region, with dorsal and ventral apical plates abruptly demarcated laterally from basal capsular portion of median lobe, dorsal plate in lateral view indistinctly recurved; endophallus with symmetrical set of poorly defined subapical structures; parameres not reaching apex of median lobe.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC95E2EFF3BFACFFE3EDA50.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of male (Fig. 28) moderately slender, strongly convex, moderately dark brown, antennal clubs distinctly infuscate; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.13 – 1.15 mm. Head broadest across eyes, HL 0.23 mm, HW 0.25 mm; frontal and anterior vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertexal region not bulging posterodorsad; supraantennal tubercles barely marked; eyes moderately large, in lateral view slightly shorter than tempora. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and weakly suberect; tempora and vertex with dense and long bristles directed posteriorly. Antennae slender, with sharply delimited trimerous clubs, AnL 0.45 – 0.48 mm; antennomere 1 – 2 each strongly elongate, 3 and 4 each about as long as broad, 5 slightly elongate, 6 and 7 each about as long as broad, 8 weakly transverse, 9 and 10 each distinctly transverse, 11 indistinctly broader than 10, much shorter than 9 – 10 combined, about 1.6 times as long as broad. Pronotum subtrapezoidal, broadest near base; PL 0.28 mm, PW 0.25 mm; anterior margin arcuate, anterior corners poorly marked, obtuse-angled and blunt; lateral margins weakly rounded; posterior corners obtuse-angled and blunt; posterior margin straight; base with two small round lateral pits connected by shallow transverse groove slightly deepened at middle, and with distinct but short sublateral carinae. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex, inconspicuous; setae moderately long, moderately dense and suberect, lateral margins with dense and long bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest slightly anterior to middle; EL 0.63 – 0.65 mm, EW 0.45 – 0.50 mm, EI 1.25 – 1.39; humeral calli distinctly elevated, basal impressions shallow but distinct; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures and setae similar to those on median region of pronotal disc. Legs moderately long, slender, protibiae with apices distinctly curved inwards. Aedeagus (Figs 51 – 52) moderately stout; AeL 0.20 mm; median lobe in ventral view approximately drop-shaped, broadest in sub-basal region, narrowing distally and in subapical region abruptly narrowed so that subtriangular apical area is sharply delimited from basal capsule; ventral plate short and subtrapezoidal, dorsal plate much longer and with subtriangular apex; in lateral view dorsal plate indistinctly recurved; endophallus symmetrical, with poorly defined subapical sclerites; parameres in ventral view slender, weakly curved and their apices not reaching apex of median lobe, each with two long apical setae. Female. Externally similar to male except for straight protibiae. BL 1.10 – 1.13 mm; HL 0.23 mm, HW 0.25 mm, AnL 0.43 mm; PL 0.28 mm, PW 0.26 – 0.28 mm; EL 0.60 – 0.63 mm, EW 0.48 – 0.50 mm, EI 1.20 – 1.32.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC95E2EFF3BFACFFE3EDA50.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC95E2EFF3BFACFFE3EDA50.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The type series of E. pyriformis consists of five specimens, of which three and two were mounted on two separate cards and pins. Nietner (1856) stated that he collected them “ in the sweeping net on the lawns of my garden about sunset. ” Three of these specimens are males, and females seem to be conspecific with them. The male that (after remounting on a separate card and pin) bears the historical locality label and the collection number 8192 is here designated as the lectotype. Because of the trimerous club, Euconnus pyriformis (and E. graminicola treated in previous paragraphs) would have been placed in the subgenus Psomophus Casey, 1897 at the time when Franz has been working on his Sri Lankan monograph. Psomophus is now merged with Euconnus s. str. (see Jałoszyński (2017) for morphology of the type species of Psomophus, and Jałoszyński (2022 b) for arguments supporting the synonymy). Species with trimerous antennal clubs, male protibiae bent mesad in apical regions and aedeagi similar to those illustrated here for E. pyriformis and E. graminicola belong in the Euconnus callidus group. They are difficult to identify, because both the external morphology and aedeagi are highly similar and only subtle differences exist to distinguish species. In Franz (1982) one species of this group is recorded from Sri Lanka (as a member of the subgenus Spanioconnus Ganglbauer, 1899, merged with Psomophus in Franz (1985 b )), and surprisingly identified as Euconnus intrusus (Schaum, 1844). Euconnus pyriformis is involved in a synonymy with E. intrusus, which requires clarification. Franz (1982) placed Scydmaenus brunnipennis Motschulsky, 1858: 30 as a junior synonym of E. intrusus (as “ brunneipennis ”, which is an unjustified emendation of brunnipennis in Csiki (1919): 57). Because earlier Csiki (1919): 56 placed S. brunnipennis as a junior synonym of E. pyriformis (Nietner), the Franz’s synonymy of S. brunnipennis (further treated as Euconnus) with E. intrusus automatically made E. pyriformis a junior synonym of E. intrusus (because Franz did not remove S. brunnipennis from synonymy with E. pyriformis). Euconnus intrusus is broadly distributed in Europe (Schülke & Smetana 2015), while E. brunnipennis was described based on material from Sri Lanka. Unfortunately, Franz (1982) illustrated the aedeagus of the type specimen of E. brunnipennis only in lateral view. This illustration is not sufficient to verify whether the European specimens of E. intrusus are identical with E. brunnipennis, and no evidence was provided that other specimens from Sri Lanka that Franz had examined were conspecific with E. brunnipennis. Motschulsky most likely described E. brunnipennis based on specimens obtained from Nietner, because in the introduction to his work, he stated that “ M. Nietner me gratifia d’un grand nombre de petites espèces ”, that is, “ Mr. Nietner gifted me with a large number of small species. ” The aedeagus of E. pyriformis (and that of E. graminicola) is very similar to that of European specimens of E. intrusus examined during the present study, but in ventral view they clearly differ. Moreover, European specimens of E. intrusus also externally differ from the Sri Lankan E. graminicola and E. pyriformis. Even though the aedeagi of E. graminicola and E. pyriformis are almost identical, these two species clearly differ from each other in external features. It is possible that one of the Nietner’s species with trimerous antennal clubs (E. graminicola or E. pyriformis) is identical with E. brunnipennis, but they are not identical with European specimens of E. intrusus. It was not possible to examine the type material of E. brunnipennis preserved in Moscow, so the relation of E. brunnipennis with E. graminicola and E. pyriformis remains unsolved. However, it seems highly unlikely that the Sri Lankan E. brunnipennis is identical with the European E. intrusus. Scydmaenus brunnipennis (as Euconnus (s. str.) brunnipennis (Motschulsky, 1863 )) and E. pyriformis are here reinstated as valid names of separate species, pending further study. Euconnus pyriformis has the aedeagus almost identical with that of E. graminicola, only the apical region in lateral view is less recurved (Fig. 52). However, externally these species clearly differ in several characters listed in Remarks for E. graminicola.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCF5E2DFF3BFC1BFED2DD30.taxon	description	(Figs 29, 53 – 54)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCF5E2DFF3BFC1BFED2DD30.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8186, and newly added “ EUCONNUS / (s. str.) / glanduliferus (Nietner, 1856) / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ). Paralectotype: ♀, with white printed copy of locality label and identification labels with “ PARALECTOTYPE ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCF5E2DFF3BFC1BFED2DD30.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Vertex weakly bulging posterodorsad and with dense bristles; eyes large, in lateral view slightly longer than tempora; antennal clubs tetramerous and longer than remaining flagellomeres combined; pronotum widest at base, and strongly narrowing anterad, with one lateral pair of antebasal pits connected by shallow transverse groove, which mesally reduces in depth and is obliterated at middle; aedeagus in ventral view broadest near middle, drop-shaped, with subtrapezoidal apical region, endophallus symmetrical and composed of complex set of sclerotized elements, parameres nearly reaching apex of median lobe.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCF5E2DFF3BFC1BFED2DD30.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of male (Fig. 29) stout, strongly convex, moderately dark brown; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.35 mm. Head broadest across eyes, HL 0.25 mm, HW 0.28 mm; frontal and anterior vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertexal region weakly bulging posterodorsad; supraantennal tubercles barely marked; eyes large, in lateral view slightly longer than tempora. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and weakly suberect; tempora and vertex with dense and long bristles directed posteriorly. Antennae slender, with sharply delimited tetramerous clubs, AnL 0.55 mm; antennomere 1 – 2 each weakly elongate, 3 – 5 each transverse, 6 about as long as broad, 7 transverse, 8 – 10 each strongly transverse, 11 indistinctly broader than 10, slightly shorter than 9 – 10 combined, about 1.2 times as long as broad. Pronotum subtrapezoidal, broadest at base; PL 0.35 mm, PW 0.38 mm; anterior margin weakly arcuate, anterior corners poorly marked, obtuse-angled and blunt; lateral margins only slightly rounded; posterior corners nearly right-angled and blunt; posterior margin shallowly bisinuate; base with two small lateral pits and with shallow transverse groove laterally connecting with pits but mesally becoming shallower and at middle obliterated. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex, inconspicuous; setae moderately long, moderately dense and suberect, lateral margins with bristles (but largely broken off in the lectotype). Elytra together oval, broadest between middle and anterior third; EL 0.75 mm, EW 0.65 mm, EI 1.15; humeral calli distinctly elevated, basal impressions shallow but distinct; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures and setae similar to those on median region of pronotal disc. Legs moderately long, slender, unmodified. Aedeagus (Figs 53 – 54) stout; AeL 0.28 mm; median lobe in ventral view approximately drop-shaped, broadest near middle, narrowing distally and with subtrapezoidal apical region strongly bent dorsad, endophallus symmetrical and composed of complex set of sclerotized elements situated in subapical region, parameres slender, in ventral view slightly recurved, nearly reaching apex of median lobe, each with 3 – 4 apical and subapical setae. Female. Externally indistinguishable from male. BL 1.35 mm; HL 0.23 mm, HW 0.28 mm, AnL 0.53 mm; PL 0.38 mm, PW 0.40 mm; EL 0.75 mm, EW 0.63 mm, EI 1.20.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCF5E2DFF3BFC1BFED2DD30.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCF5E2DFF3BFC1BFED2DD30.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Three specimens were found in a tray with the label “ glandulifer ”, two conspecific beetles, a male and a female, with tetramerous antennal clubs originally mounted on one card, and a male with trimerous clubs identified here as Euconnus graminicola (Nietner), mounted separately (Fig. 27). Nietner (1856) stated that he collected them “ in the sweeping net on the lawns of my garden about sunset. ” External features of the two specimens agree with the original description of S. glanduliferus. The male with the tetramerous club is here designated as the lectotype of Scydmaenus glanduliferus Nietner. Franz (1982) does not mention this name (neither E. glandulifer, which was used for this species in Csiki (1919 )). Euconnus glanduliferus belongs to the E. claviger group, which comprises species with subconical pronotum, sharply delimited tetramerous antennal clubs longer than the remaining flagellomeres combined and composed of loosely assembled antennomeres, of which 8 – 10 are usually transverse, and a drop-shaped aedeagus with strongly developed, and usually complex endophallic sclerites (similar to those in Euconnus claviger (Müller & Kunze, 1822); see Jałoszyński (2015, 2021 c )). Species in this group (especially tropical and subtropical ones) are difficult to identify by external characters and primary diagnostic features are those associated with the male genitalia. They all have been included in the subgenus Napochus Thomson, 1859, later merged with Euconnus s. str. (Jałoszyński 2021 c). Only two species were placed in Napochus in the Sri Lankan monograph by Franz, and their aedeagi were illustrated in dorsal or ventral views, allowing for comparisons. None of them seems to be similar to that of E. glanduliferus.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCC5E2CFF3BFB3BFF16DF38.taxon	description	(Figs 30, 55 – 56)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCC5E2CFF3BFB3BFF16DF38.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8187, and newly added “ EUCONNUS / (s. str.) / pubescens (Nietner, 1856) / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ). Paralectotype: ♀, with white printed copy of locality label and identification labels with “ PARALECTOTYPE ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCC5E2CFF3BFB3BFF16DF38.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Vertex weakly bulging posterodorsad and with dense bristles; eyes large, in lateral view slightly shorter than tempora; antennal clubs tetramerous and longer than remaining flagellomeres combined; pronotum widest slightly anterior to base, and strongly narrowing anterad, with two lateral pairs of pits and with additional shallow and small median pit; aedeagus in ventral view with deeply bifurcate apex and with large symmetrical endophallus with two basilateral sclerites forming together a U-shaped structure flanking darkly sclerotized median complex.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCC5E2CFF3BFB3BFF16DF38.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of male (Fig. 30) slender, strongly convex, moderately dark brown; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.18 mm. Head broadest across eyes, HL 0.20 mm, HW 0.21 mm; frontal and anterior vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertexal region weakly bulging posterodorsad; supraantennal tubercles barely marked; eyes large, in lateral view slightly shorter than tempora. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and weakly suberect; tempora and vertex with dense and long bristles directed posteriorly. Antennae slender, with sharply delimited tetramerous clubs, AnL 0.50 mm; antennomere 1 – 2 each strongly elongate, 3 – 6 each about as long as broad, 7 indistinctly elongate, 8 – 10 each weakly transverse, 11 as wide as 10, much shorter than 9 – 10 combined, about 1.3 times as long as broad. Pronotum subtrapezoidal, broadest slightly in front of base; PL 0.33 mm, PW 0.30 mm; anterior margin weakly arcuate, anterior corners poorly marked, obtuse-angled and blunt; lateral margins only slightly rounded; posterior corners nearly right-angled and blunt; posterior margin weakly arcuate; base with two pairs of small lateral pits, outer pair barely discernible, and with shallow and barely discernible median pit. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex, inconspicuous; setae moderately long, moderately dense and suberect, lateral margins with bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest slightly anterior to middle; EL 0.65 mm, EW 0.45 mm, EI 1.44; humeral calli distinctly elevated, basal impressions shallow but distinct; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures and setae similar to those on median region of pronotal disc. Legs moderately long, slender, unmodified. Aedeagus (Figs 55 – 56) was slightly damaged during preparation due to fragile condition of specimen (base is slightly distorted and parameres are missing); median lobe moderately elongate; AeL 0.18 mm; in ventral view oval with deeply bifurcate apex; endophallus large and symmetrical with two basilateral sclerites forming together a Ushaped structure flanking darkly sclerotized median complex, the latter composed of darkly sclerotized proximal element at middle and larger and less darkly sclerotized subapical structure. Female. Unknown.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCC5E2CFF3BFB3BFF16DF38.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCC5E2CFF3BFB3BFF16DF38.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The original description, although unusually short as for Nietner, agrees with the morphology of the single male. The number of type specimens was not specified, and the only available male must be treated as a syntype; it is here designated as the lectotype of Scydmaenus pubescens Nietner. Franz (1982) does not mention this name, but the aedeagus of his Euconnus nocturnus Franz, 1982 (nec E. nocturnus Franz 1958) is identical with that of the lectotype of S. pubescens. The preoccupied name Euconnus nocturnus Franz, 1982 was replaced by Euconnus nocturnilankanus Jałoszyński, 2011, which is here placed as a junior synonym of Euconnus pubescens Nietner. Euconnus nocturnus was placed by Franz (1982) in the E. campanipenis species group, outside any subgenus. However, after listing diagnostic characters of this group, Franz stated that other representatives of this group are common in SE Asia and have been described by him in older works as belonging to the subgenus Napochus (literary translation). In fact, E. pubescens = nocturnus = nocturnilankanus externally strongly resembles the type species of Napochus, it is only slenderer, which is not a great difference. Its aedeagus, however, has a deeply bifurcate apex. Species showing a more elongate habitus, with the pronotum widest not at but in front of base, but also strongly narrowing anteriorly, and with the aedeagus with a bifurcate apex where at that time mainly placed in the subgenus Euconophron Reitter, 1909, which, alike Napochus, is now merged with Euconnus s. str. (Jałoszyński 2021 b, 2022 b). Vít (2005) argued that the bifurcate median lobe is an important diagnostic character of Euconophron, but later studies that lead to merging of this subgenus with Euconnus s. str. demonstrated that there are intermediate forms between the previously recognized subgenera. That Franz (1982) did not place the E. campanipenis group in Euconophron or Napochus is one of many examples how unclear the subgeneric diagnoses were. External characters of E. pubescens are unremarkable and in tropical and subtropical regions all over the world very similar species can be found. The aedeagus, however, seems to be unique and allows for identification of this species.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCD5E23FF3BF933FF2ADD81.taxon	description	(Fig. 31)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCD5E23FF3BF933FF2ADD81.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8188, and newly added “ EUCONNUS / (s. str.) / pygmaeus (Nietner, 1856) / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ). Paralectotypes (2 exx.): 2 ♀♀, each with white printed copy of locality label and identification labels with “ PARALECTOTYPE ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCD5E23FF3BF933FF2ADD81.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Vertex weakly bulging posterodorsad and with dense bristles; eyes large, in lateral view about as long as tempora; antennal clubs tetramerous and longer than remaining flagellomeres combined; pronotum widest at base and strongly narrowing anterad, with one pair of inner antebasal pits and additional median pit.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCD5E23FF3BF933FF2ADD81.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of female (Fig. 31) moderately slender and moderately strongly convex, moderately dark brown; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 0.95 – 0.98 mm. Head broadest across eyes, HL 0.18 mm, HW 0.20 mm; frontal and anterior vertexal regions confluent, weakly convex, vertexal region weakly bulging posterodorsad; supraantennal tubercles barely marked; eyes large, in lateral view about as long as tempora. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and weakly suberect; tempora and vertex with dense and long bristles directed posteriorly. Antennae slender, with tetramerous clubs, AnL 0.45 mm; antennomere 1 – 2 each strongly elongate, 3 indistinctly transverse, 4 – 8 each about as long as broad, 9 – 10 each transverse, 11 as wide as 10, slightly shorter than 9 – 10 combined, about 1.3 times as long as broad. Pronotum subtrapezoidal, broadest at base; PL 0.25 mm, PW 0.24 – 0.25 mm; anterior margin weakly arcuate, anterior corners poorly marked, obtuse-angled and blunt; lateral margins only slightly rounded; posterior corners weakly obtuse-angled and blunt; posterior margin shallowly bisinuate; base with one (outer) lateral pair and one median pit. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex, inconspicuous; setae moderately long, moderately dense and suberect, lateral margins with bristles. Elytra together oval, broadest slightly anterior to middle; EL 0.53 – 0.55 mm, EW 0.43 mm, EI 1.24 – 1.29; humeral calli distinctly elevated, basal impressions shallow but distinct; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures and setae similar to those on median region of pronotal disc. Legs moderately long, slender, unmodified. Male. Unknown.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCD5E23FF3BF933FF2ADD81.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFCD5E23FF3BF933FF2ADD81.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Three females are included in the type series, originally mounted on one card, and remounted separately during the present study. The specimen illustrated in Fig. 31 and bearing the historical locality label is here designated as the lectotype. These females largely agree with the original description, but similarly as for Scydmaenus advolans, the number of antebasal pronotal pits is different — “ 4 - foveolatus ” in the description, whereas three pits can be seen in the specimens. The name pygmaeus was not mentioned by Franz (1982). Because the type specimens are all females, and the external morphology of this species is unremarkable and highly similar to many species previously placed in Napochus or not placed in any subgenus, matching a male will be a very difficult task.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC25E20FF3BFAABFBDADB98.taxon	description	(Figs 32, 57 – 58)	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC25E20FF3BFAABFBDADB98.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Lectotype (here designated): ♂, three labels: “ Ceylon / Nietner .. s ” (white, printed and handwritten, text in black frame], QR code label with collection number 8194, and newly added “ EUCONNUS / (s. str.) / ceylanicus (Nietner, 1856) / LECTOTYPUS / P. Jałoszyński, 2025 ” (MIZ).	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC25E20FF3BFAABFBDADB98.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Vertex not bulging posterodorsad and lacking bristles; eyes small, in lateral view half as long as tempora; antennal clubs tetramerous and longer than remaining flagellomeres combined, with antennomere 8 asymmetrical, projecting mesad; pronotum widest near middle, without antebasal pits; protarsomere 1 with elongate subtriangular anteromedian tooth on ventral surface; aedeagus in ventral view broadest slightly distad middle, with delimited apical region with rounded apical margin, endophallus with long median subtriangular sclerite flanked by groups of smaller asymmetrical sclerites, parameral apices not reaching apex of median lobe.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC25E20FF3BFAABFBDADB98.taxon	description	Redescription. Body of male (Fig. 32) strongly elongate, slender and strongly flattened, light brown; setae distinctly lighter than cuticle; BL 1.23 mm. Head broadest across eyes, HL 0.28 mm, HW 0.33 mm; frontal and anterior vertexal regions confluent, flat at middle, vertexal region not bulging posterodorsad; supraantennal tubercles barely marked; eyes small, in lateral view half as long as tempora. Punctures on frons and vertex fine and inconspicuous; setae sparse, short and weakly suberect; tempora and vertex without bristles. Antennae slender, with tetramerous clubs, AnL 0.55 mm; antennomere 1 – 2 each strongly elongate, 3 – 7 each about as long as broad, 8 slightly transverse and distinctly asymmetrical, projecting mesad, 9 and 10 each weakly transverse and symmetrical, 11 slightly wider than 10, nearly as long as 9 – 10 combined, about 1.6 times as long as broad. Pronotum oval, broadest near middle; PL 0.33 mm, PW 0.30 mm; anterior margin weakly arcuate, anterior corners poorly marked, obtuse-angled and blunt; lateral margins moderately strongly rounded; posterior corners weakly obtuse-angled and blunt; posterior margin weakly arcuate; base lacking pits and grooves. Punctures on pronotal disc similar to those on frons and vertex, inconspicuous; setae moderately long, moderately dense and suberect, lateral margins with bristles only near posterior corners. Elytra together oval, broadest near middle; EL 0.68 mm, EW 0.43 mm, EI 1.59; humeral calli weakly elevated, basal impressions shallow and small, developed only at humeral calli; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures and setae similar to those on median region of pronotal disc. Legs moderately long, slender; protarsomere 1 with elongate subtriangular anteromedian tooth on ventral surface. Aedeagus (Figs 57 – 58) stout; AeL 0.18 mm; in ventral view broadest slightly distad middle, with subtriangular distal region abruptly demarcated from basal capsule, apical margin rounded; dorsal plate straight, not bent or curved dorsad, endophallus with long median subtriangular sclerite flanked by groups of smaller asymmetrical sclerites, parameres slender, in ventral view largely straight, parameral apices not reaching apex of median lobe, each paramere with 4 apical setae of various lengths. Female. Unknown.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC25E20FF3BFAABFBDADB98.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Sri Lanka, near Colombo.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
E52787FBFFC25E20FF3BFAABFBDADB98.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Nietner (1856) stated that he collected S. ceylanicus from spider webs, and he did not specify the number of specimens. Therefore, the only available specimen (a male) must be treated as a syntype, and is here designated as the lectotype. Franz (1982) does not mention this species. The type specimen clearly belongs in Stenichnini, and can be placed in Euconnus. Franz (1982) placed many very similar species in the E. nietnerianus group, as incertae sedis within Euconnus. I have examined most species that belong in this potentially distinct group and compared them with the lectotype of E. ceylanicus, to make sure that it is different from all of the Franz’s species. They all show some characters similar to the subgenus Tetramelus, and this group is a candidate for a separate subgenus endemic to Sri Lanka. Eumicrus crassicornis Motschulsky was placed as a junior synonym of E. ceylanicus by Csiki (1919). However, Csiki did not examine any type specimens and this synonymy requires verification.	en	Jałoszyński, Paweł (2025): John Nietner collection of Sri Lankan Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zootaxa 5633 (1): 79-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5633.1.4
