identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
EF030A01E45DFFCE23A4FF2CFA404300.text	EF030A01E45DFFCE23A4FF2CFA404300.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa Hartig 1837	<div><p>Key to West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species (imagines)</p><p>Note: The male of cantoti is unknown. The male of brevis is extremely rare: we were unable to locate any specimens. Hoplocampa tadshikistanica is so far only known from the type series collected in Tadzhikistan, and is thus extra-limital, but is included because it might occur in the West Palaearctic. Hoplocampa sogdiana Zhelochovtsev, 1976 is not included, because no specimens were available for examination, and the original description is not very informative. It is also only known from the type series collected in Tadzhikistan, from Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC (= oxyacantha auct.) (Zhelochovtsev 1976).</p><p>1 a Base of metafemur clearly black on all surfaces; metacoxa completely black; metatrochanter mainly black (Figs 7–8).............................................................................. 2</p><p>- aa Metafemur completely pale, or at most with an indistinct fuscous spot on basal ventral face; metacoxa usually at least apically pale; metatrochanter usually mainly pale (Figs 13, 14, 10) [only exception: rare ♂ colour form of plagiata from Massif Central and Pyrenees]................................................. 3</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E45DFFCE23A4FF2CFA404300	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E450FFC323A4FF2FFAAF4649.text	EF030A01E450FFC323A4FF2FFAAF4649.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa alpina (Zetterstedt 1838)	<div><p>Hoplocampa alpina (Zetterstedt, 1838)</p><p>Selandria pallida Newman, 1837: 262 . Lectotype ♀, designated by Liston &amp; Prous (2014: 88, DEI-GISHym19995), examined, in OUMNH. Type locality: no data [United Kingdom?]. Secondary homonym of Tenthredo pallida Serville, 1823 (= Hoplocampa flava). Placed as a synonym of alpina by Liston &amp; Prous (2014).</p><p>Tenthredo alpina Zetterstedt, 1838: 339; Syntypes ♀ ♂, lectotype ♀ here designated (DEI-GISHym15883, images: https://doi. org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4755037), in MZLU. Type locality: Norway, Gamstenstind (see Greve 1986). Paralectotypes: 1 ♀ 2 ♂ same data as the lectotype, in MZLU (♂, DEI-GISHym15882, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4756771) .</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 3.5–5.5mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale colour milkywhite. Female: valvula 3 and valvifer 2 combined length ca 0.79–0.97 as long as metafemur without trochantellus. The following may be more or less fuscous, or black: upperside of antennal flagellum, anterior of median mesoscutal lobe, interior mesopostnotum, tarsi. Lancet: Fig. 77. Male: the following may be more or less fuscous, or black: anterior of median mesoscutal lobe, interior mesopostnotum, metapostnotum, narrow basal and apical margins of abdominal terga 1–3. Penis valve: Fig. 94.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 44.</p><p>Similar species. Most similar in coloration are Hoplocampa ariae and phantoma (see key). Very pale specimens of crataegi, from southern Europe, are also similar, but in crataegi the radius is darker than the other venation, whereas in alpina, ariae, and phantoma all venation is equally pale. The lancet of alpina (Fig. 77) is closely similar to that of ariae (Fig. 78) and crataegi (Fig. 79), but the ventralmost ctenidial tooth on the middle annuli is situated more ventrally in the former. The most reliable difference between the lancets of alpina and phantoma (Fig. 80) is the presence of ctenidial teeth on annular sutures 1–2 or 1–3 in the former, and on ca. 1–7 in the latter. Males of phantoma and alpina are only distinguishable by examination of the penis valve: phantoma without group of long setae at apex of valviceps (Figs 98–99), alpina with group of long setae (Fig. 94). The penis valves of alpina and crataegi (Fig. 95) are closely similar. Possibly the long setae are apically more strongly curved in crataegi, but it is likely that this apparently slight difference will not separate all specimens. The penis valves of alpina and ariae (Fig. 96) are also similar, but differ in that ariae has a more obtuse valviceps apex and larger group of apical setae, which are also longer.</p><p>Life history. Host plant: Sorbus aucuparia (Pschorn-Walcher &amp; Altenhofer 2000) .</p><p>Distribution. Central and northern Europe, including Britain and Ireland (Taeger et al. 2006).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: published records: “rare in Sweden, but seems more widespread in Lapland” (Thomson 1871). Material examined: Skåne, Blekinge, Småland, Gotland, Bohuslän, Uppland, Dalarna, Hälsingland, Jämtland, Lycksele Lappland, Torne Lappmark ( Torne Träsk Region and Karesuando) .</p><p>Specimens examined. Austria: 2♀ (DEI-GISHym83554) (SDEI) . Denmark: 1♀, Höruphav, 28.05.1899 [leg. Wüstnei], SDEI . France: 3♀, leg. H. Savina (priv. Coll. Savina) . Germany: 5♀ (DEI-GISHym83575, 83585) 1♂ (DEI-GISHym11130); Brandenburg; North Rhine-Westphalia; Saxony; Thuringia (SDEI) . Sweden: Skåne; 1♀, leg. Boheman (MZLU) . Bohuslän; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000003418), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=17.6944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=59.9939" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 17.6944/lat 59.9939)">Kungshamn</a>, + 59.99390°N + 17.69440°E, 18.06.1944, leg. Lundblad (NHRS) . Gotland; 1 ♀, Farö, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.25152&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=57.95564" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.25152/lat 57.95564)">Sudersand</a>, lok. 5, + 57.95564°N + 19.25152°E, 26.06.1964, leg. B.-O. Landin (MZLU) . Småland; 3♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006515–6517), leg. Boheman (NHRS) . Uppland; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006518), leg. Boheman (NHRS) . Dalarna; 1♂ (DEI-GISHym20575), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.582&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=61.261" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.582/lat 61.261)">Orsa</a> 15km N, + 61.26100°N + 14.58200°E, 11.06.2013, leg. Liston, Prous &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.5502&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=61.80858" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.5502/lat 61.80858)">Hälsingland</a>; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006520), Dels- bo, + 61.80858°N + 16.55020°E, August 1904 (NHRS) . 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006519), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=15.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=61.6667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 15.2/lat 61.6667)">Tensberget</a>, + 61.66670°N + 15.20000°E, 26.06.1942, leg. Lundblad (NHRS) . Jämtland; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006521), leg. Boheman (NHRS) . Ångermanland; 2♀, Mellerstan, 1.5km W Bodum, 26.06.1964, leg. Brinck-Cederholm (MZLU) . Lule Lappmark; 1♀, Skalka-forsen, Kuoikavarats, 2km S Björkholmen, Lok. 15, +66.37022 +22.82429°, 04.07.1966, leg. P. Brinck &amp; C. Gustafson (MZLU) . Torne Lappmark; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006522), 18.07.1903, leg. Roman (NHRS) . 8♀ 1♂, Björkliden, 500m asl, + 68.40900°N + 18.63900°E, 28.07.2017, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI) . Sweden or Nor- way: Lapponia meridionalis, 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006523), leg. Zetterstedt (NHRS) . No data: 1♀ 1♂ (SDEI) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E450FFC323A4FF2FFAAF4649	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E451FFC223A4FF2FFD9445DB.text	EF030A01E451FFC223A4FF2FFD9445DB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa ariae Benson 1933	<div><p>Hoplocampa ariae Benson, 1933</p><p>Hoplocampa (Hoplocampa) ariae Benson, 1933: 255–256 . Holotype ♀, not examined, in BMNH. Type locality: England, Sur- rey, Box Hill.</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 4.5–6.5mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale colour creamywhite to testaceous. Female: the following may be more or less fuscous, or black: antenna above, sunken parts of meso- and metapostnotum, tarsi, apex of metatibia, apex of valvula 3. Lancet: Fig. 78. Male: the following may be more or less fuscous, or black: anterior of median mesoscutal lobe, meso- and metapostnotum, tarsi, apex of metatibia, basal and apical margins of abdominal terga 1–3, sometimes also a spot in middle of these terga, and a small lateral spot each side. Penis valve: Fig. 96.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 10.</p><p>Similar species. Most similar are Hoplocampa alpina and phantoma (see key, and under alpina). Very pale specimens of crataegi, from southern Europe, are also similar, but in crataegi the radius is darker than the other venation, whereas in ariae and alpina all venation is equally pale. The lancet of ariae (Fig. 78) is closely similar to that of alpina (Fig. 77) and crataegi (Fig. 79), but the ventralmost ctenidial tooth on the middle annuli is situated more dorsally in ariae than in alpina . The most reliable difference between the lancets of ariae and phantoma is the presence of ctenidial teeth on annular sutures ca. 1–3 in the former, and on ca. 1–7 in the latter. The penis valves of ariae (Fig. 96) and phantoma (Figs 98–99) are clearly different in overall shape, and ariae has a group of long setae on the apex of the valviceps, which are absent in phantoma . The penis valves of ariae and alpina (Fig. 94) are also similar, but ariae has a more obtuse valviceps apex and larger group of apical setae, which are also longer.</p><p>Life history. Host plant: Sorbus aria (Pschorn-Walcher &amp; Altenhofer 2000) .</p><p>Distribution. Central Europe, England and Ireland (Taeger et al. 2006). Occurrence in Sweden: no records, but might occur on naturalised Sorbus aria, or potentially on the related, native S. intermedia, S. rupicola, or S. norvegica .</p><p>Specimens examined. Germany: Bavaria: 1♀ (DEI-GISHym19230), Trimbach, Trimburg, 14.05.2004, leg. Liston (SDEI) . 3♀ (including DEI-GISHym19229, 83551), NW Regensburg, Deuerling, 24.05.2004, leg. Lis- ton (SDEI) . Italy: 1♀ 3♂ (BC-ZSM-HYM06414–06415, 07203–07204), 26 km SW Cuneo, Lago della Rovina, 17.06.2009 (ZSM) . United Kingdom: 1♀ 1♂ (DEI-GISHym83574), England, Buckinghamshire, Aston Clinton, 06.06.1953, leg. R. B. Benson (SDEI) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E451FFC223A4FF2FFD9445DB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E451FFC523A4FAB8FC5F4449.text	EF030A01E451FFC523A4FAB8FC5F4449.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa brevis (Klug 1816)	<div><p>Hoplocampa brevis (Klug, 1816)</p><p>Tenthredo (Allantus) brevis Klug, 1816: 53–54 . Syntypes ♀, Berlin, lectotype ♀ here designated, in ZMHUB (GBIF- GISHym2434, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4724758). Type locality: Berlin (Germany). Paralectotype: 1 ♀ (GBIF-GISHym2435), same data as the lectotype, in ZMHUB.</p><p>Tenthredo fallax Serville, 1823: 50 . Lectotype ♀, designated by Lacourt (2000: 97), not examined, in MNHN. Type locality: Soissons (France). Synonymy with brevis by Lacourt (2000: 106).</p><p>Tenthredo fallax Lepeletier, 1823: 108 . Lectotype ♀, designated by Lacourt (2000: 97), not examined, in MNHN. Type locality: Soissons (France). Primary homonym of Tenthredo fallax Serville, 1823 .</p><p>Tenthredo pyri Vallot, 1848: 203 . Syntypes, larvae, by indication on Réaumur (1736: 476), lost. Type locality: France. Listed in synonymy of brevis by Taeger et al. (2010: 407).</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 5.0– 5.5mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour orange-brown. Antenna mainly pale, more or less blackened basally and above. Head capsule pale, except for suture between clypeus and supraclypeal area, dorsal tentorial macula, postocellar furrows, postoccipital groove, and more or less narrowly around each ocellus. Wing venation partly pale, particularly M+Cu. Costa and radius of fore wing fuscous, except for bases. Mesoscutum more or less black, with pale posterior parts of median lobe and interior of lateral lobe. Mesoscutellum and appendage more or less pale. Coxae basally black-edged. More northern specimens usually with longitudinal black stripe on metacoxa. Femora and tibiae entirely pale. Tarsi pale to slightly fuscous. Specimens from Denmark and Germany have the entire dorsum of the abdomen black, except more or less for terga 8 and 10. Specimens from further south may have only terga 1–5 medially black. Valvula 3 pale. Lancet: Fig. 81.</p><p>[Male not examined]</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 40.</p><p>Similar species. Most closely resembles Hoplocampa testudinea, with which it shares the same hosts. In direct comparison, imagines can be distinguished thus:</p><p>- Mesonotum completely black. Postocellar area black. Female valvula 3 black. Lancet (Fig. 87) with very large, horizontally orientated ventralmost ctenidial teeth, on middle annuli reaching back almost to base of adjacent sawtooth; middle and apical sawteeth without serrulae. Male relatively common................................................... testudinea</p><p>- Mesonotum partly pale (brown). Postocellar area pale. Female valvula 3 brown. Lancet (Fig. 81) with small, obliquely orientated ventralmost ctenidial teeth, on middle annuli not reaching near to base of adjacent sawtooth; middle and apical sawteeth with numerous serrulae. Male extremely rare........................................................... brevis</p><p>Larvae of these species were compared in detail by Velbinger (1939), who concluded that the only reliable character for separating them, is the presence in brevis of a small, triangular, dark marking on the middle of the upper labrum (often therefore obscured by the overlying clypeus). This marking is absent in testudinea . Roberti (1957) described and illustrated differences between these species in the setation and surface sculpture of abdominal tergum 10.</p><p>Life history. Host plants: Pyrus communis (Pschorn-Walcher &amp; Altenhofer 2000), occasionally Malus domestica (Velbinger 1939) . Biology: Velbinger (1939), Roberti (1946). Hoplocampa brevis is normally entirely parthenogenic, and the male is said to be very rare (Velbinger 1939, Masutti &amp; Covassi 1980). In fact, the only original report of the occurrence of males appears to be by Konow (1888: 189–190).</p><p>Distribution. Southern and Central Europe, England (Taeger et al. 2006), north to southern Sweden (Jensen 2013), North Africa (Tunisia) (Wafa &amp; Mars 2008), Caucasus (Zhelochovtsev &amp; Zinovjev 1995), Jordan (Al-Qura’n 2008), Iran (Davoudi 1987), introduced to North America (Lacourt 1999). In contrast to testudinea, brevis reaches higher levels of abundance in warmer, more southern regions (Velbinger 1939).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: published records: Småland (Thomson 1871). According to Jensen (2013): “not very abundant in zones III and IV” [refers to the classification of cultivation zones, of which these two are represented from southern Sweden north to about Sundsvall (Svensk Trädgård Riksförbundet 2017)]. Material examined: Småland, Östergötland.</p><p>Specimens examined. Bulgaria: Pazardzhik: 1♀ (DEI-GISHym88738), Vinogradets 3 km N, 300 m, 31.03.2018, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI) . Burgas: 1♀, Slanchev Bryag 1 km N, 01.04.2018, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI) . Cyprus: 20♀, 17.04–20.04 (SDEI, ZSM) . Germany: 6♀; 17.04–18.05, Baden-Wuerttemberg (SMNG); Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; North Rhine-Westphalia (SDEI) . Greece: 8♀, Crete (including DEI-GISHym83557), 24.03–25.04 (SDEI) . Poland: 1♀ (SDEI) . Sweden: 2♀ Östergötland (NHRS-HEVA000003423, -6526), latter leg. Haglund; Småland 2♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006524–6525) (NHRM) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E451FFC523A4FAB8FC5F4449	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E456FFC423A4FA37FDC643A9.text	EF030A01E456FFC423A4FA37FDC643A9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa cantoti Chevin 1986	<div><p>Hoplocampa cantoti Chevin, 1986</p><p>Hoplocampa cantoti Chevin, 1986: 21–23 . Holotype ♀, not examined, in CBGP. Type locality: France, Eure-et-Loir, forêt de Dreux.</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 3.5mm. Clypeus broadly and shallowly emarginate. Female: Scape and pedicel black, underside of flagellum reddish. More or less gena, malar space and supraclypeal area pale (whitish). Metacoxa black with ventro-apical edge pale. Trochanters and femora entirely reddish. Valvula 3 black. The Swiss and Bulgarian specimens have pronotum, tegulae, and abdomen entirely black, whereas in the French specimens [according to original description] tegulae and posterior angles of pronotum are reddish, and underside of abdomen slightly reddish. Lancet: Figs 92–93. Male: unknown.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 10.</p><p>Similar species. Based on external characters, could be confused with minuta, chrysorrhoea, or fulvicornis: see key. The lancet (Fig. 92) has a highly distinctive shape, among W. Palaearctic species resembling only chrysorrhoea (Fig. 90). As illustrated by Chevin (1986), we found differences between these two species in the gross morphology of the lancets: narrower in chrysorrhoea, and apex curved somewhat upwards in chrysorrhoea, but straight in cantoti .</p><p>Life history. Host plants: not known for certain. The Bulgarian specimens were mostly swept from Prunus spinosa, and sometimes from P. domestica growing among these. Chevin (1986) suggested that the host is Prunus mahaleb, which is a characteristic component of the woody vegetation of the two known French localities. Howev- er, Prunus mahaleb was not seen close to the Bulgarian localities, and is not recorded at the Swiss locality (infoflora 2017). Therefore, we suppose that the host is Prunus spinosa .</p><p>Distribution. Bulgaria (Varna Province), France (Départements Eure-et-Loire, Indre-et-Loire), Switzerland (Canton Jura).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: not recorded, and not expected.</p><p>Specimens examined. Bulgaria: Varna Province: 1♀ (DEI-GISHym84161), Tsonevo 5km S, 100m, N42.982° E27.451°, 02.iv.2018, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI) ; 1♀ (DEI-GISHym88748), Tsonevo 5km S, 100m, N42.982° E27.451°, 03.iv.2018, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI) ; 5♀ (DEI-GISHym88769), Dolni Chiflik 2km SE, 50m, N42.983° E27.743°, 05.iv.2018, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI) ; 1♀ (DEI-GISHym88854), Dolni Chiflik 2km SE, 50m, N42.983° E27.743°, 13.iv.2018, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI) ; 1♀, Tsonevo 5km S, 100m, N42.982° E27.451°, 06.iv.2018, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI) . * Switzerland: 1♀ (BC-ZSM-HYM10947), Canton Jura, Gemeinde Montmelon, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=7.16793&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.35172" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 7.16793/lat 47.35172)">Les</a> Oeu- ches, 440m asl, + 47.35172°N + 7.16793°E, 22.04.2009, leg. B. Peter (ZSM) [locality confirmed by the collector: differs slightly from that on label].</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E456FFC423A4FA37FDC643A9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E457FFC423A4FC96FC2D46EE.text	EF030A01E457FFC423A4FC96FC2D46EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa chamaemespili Masutti & Covassi 1980	<div><p>Hoplocampa chamaemespili Masutti &amp; Covassi, 1980</p><p>Hoplocampa chamaemespili Masutti &amp; Covassi, 1980: 222–225 . Holotype ♀, not examined, in MSNV. Type locality: Italy,Alpi Carniche, Sappada, Monte Lastroni SE.</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 5.5–6.0mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour orange-brown. Anterior of median mesoscutal lobes broadly black. Inner and outer areas of lateral mesoscutal lobes broadly black (Fig. 75). Mesoscutellum largely pale, appendage entirely black. Female: dorsum of abdominal terga 1–6 black. Valvula 3 in lateral view pale, dorso-apically more or less black. Lancet: Fig. 82. Male: penis valve: Fig. 97.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 9.</p><p>Similar species. Only Hoplocampa plagiata is likely to be confused with H. chamaemespili . In direct comparison, they can usually be distinguished as follows [but see notes under plagiata on a very dark colour form of that species, only known from France (Massif Central and Pyrenees)]:</p><p>- Lateral mesoscutal lobe with internal and external black areas (Fig. 75). Mesoscutellar appendage entirely black. ♀: Occiput entirely dark. Sawteeth of lancet small, rather flat (Fig. 82). ♂: penis valve distally with group of long setae; valviceps distally acute (Fig. 97)............................................................................. chamaemespili</p><p>- Lateral mesoscutal lobe nearly completely pale, except for sutures (Fig. 76). Mesoscutellar appendage at least pale in middle. ♀: Occiput largely pale, except around foramen magnum. Sawteeth of lancet large, strongly protruding (Fig. 88). ♂: penis valve distally without group of long setae; valviceps distally obtuse (Fig. 107).................................... plagiata</p><p>Life history. Host plant: Sorbus chamaemespilus (Masutti &amp; Covassi, 1980) . Biology: Masutti &amp; Covassi (1980).</p><p>Distribution. Northern Italy: Monte Baldo, Dolomites, Carnic pre-Alps, and Western Julian Alps (Provinces Trento e Verona, Bolzano, Belluno, Pordenone, and Udine): Masutti &amp; Covassi (1980) and records below. So far only found in the upper montane and subalpine zones, between approximately 1400–1900. Schedl (2017) published a record under the name chamaemespili of a female and male, illustrated with dorsal habitus images of both specimens, from Austria, Carinthia, Dobratsch, Schüttenwald, 700– 900m. These specimens are H. plagiata, based on his illustrations.</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: not recorded, and not expected.</p><p>Specimens examined. Italy: 6♀ (including DEI-GISHym11128, BC-ZSM-HYM11306) 3♂ (including BC- ZSM-HYM11307), Monte Baldo, ca. 1800 m, 24– 26.06.2004 (SDEI, ZSM) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E457FFC423A4FC96FC2D46EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E454FFC723A4FF2FFB724676.text	EF030A01E454FFC723A4FF2FFB724676.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa chrysorrhoea (Klug 1816)	<div><p>Hoplocampa chrysorrhoea (Klug, 1816)</p><p>Tenthredo (Allantus) chrysorrhoea Klug, 1816: 60–61 . Syntypes ♀ ♂, Gartz in Pommern, lectotype ♀ here designated (GBIF-GISHym2444, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4724812), in ZMHUB. Type locality: Gartz (Germany) . Paralectotypes 1♂ (GBIF-GISHym2441, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4724809) 2 ♀ (GBIF- GISHym2442 &amp; 2443) in ZMHUB.</p><p>Hoplocampa chrysorrhoea var. nigrita Enslin, 1914: 248 . Syntype (s) ♀, no data, lectotype ♀ here designated (GBIF- GISHym3142, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4724821). Type locality: Mecklenburg (Germany).</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 3.5–4.5mm. Clypeus broadly and shallowly emarginate. Female: malar space, clypeus and labrum more or less pale (whitish). Scape and pedicel black, flagellum ventrally more or less pale. Pronotum black except sometimes for narrow posterior angles. Mesepisternum entirely black. [Smith (1982) examined specimens from Israel with “the pronotum and much of the mesopleura pale orange”] Yellow are: all abdominal sterna, terga 9 and 10, as well as lateral, downturned margins of all other terga. Valvula 3 black. Lancet: Figs 90–91. Male: gena, malar space, supraclypeal area, clypeus and labrum pale (whitish). Scape pale, pedicel black, flagellum ventrally more or less pale. Approximately posterior half of pronotum pale. Mesepisternum mainly yellow. [Smith (1982) noted that males from Israel had the pronotum and entire mesopleura yellow] Terga 1–8 black, except for lateral, downturned parts. Rest of abdomen yellow, including the harpes. Penis valve: Fig. 101.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 138.</p><p>Similar species. On external characters, could be confused with minuta, cantoti, or fulvicornis: see key. The lancet of chrysorrhoea (Figs 90–91) is similar only to that of cantoti (Figs 92–93): see comments under that species. The penis valve (Fig. 101) somewhat resembles those of fulvicornis (Fig. 102) and minuta (Fig. 103), but the distal prolongation in chrysorrhoea is much shorter and wider.</p><p>Life history. Host plants: not known for certain. Benson (1958) stated that Prunus spinosa is the host. Numerous subsequent authors have followed this, but it is not clear on what evidence the original statement was based. Adults are indeed often swept from flowering Prunus spinosa, but also from flowers of other Rosaceae, and in several countries have been found on Crataegus, at localities where P. spinosa was absent (e.g. Miles (1936), Liston et al. (2015), and Moroccan records, below). In our opinion, Crataegus could be the (only) host, but if this is so, then oviposition must be into flowers which are at an early stage of development, many days before they open. This would be unusual among European Hoplocampa species. Lorenz &amp; Kraus (1957) cite Vallot (1848) as having found the larvae in the fruits of Ribes uva-crispa (Grossulariaceae), but this seems highly improbable, because all known Hoplocampa larvae feed on rosaceous hosts.</p><p>Distribution. Widespread in southern and central Europe, including the British mainland, North to Denmark (Taeger et al. 2006), East to Cyprus and Israel (Lacourt 1999), and also in North Africa (Morocco, Middle Atlas: see below); introduced to North America (Smith &amp; Fitzgerald 2018).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: no published records. Material examined: Skåne, Öland.</p><p>Specimens examined. Cyprus: 1♀, Mandria, 16.04.2011, leg. H.-J. Jacobs (SDEI). France: 1♀ (BC-ZSM- HYM03414), Bollenberg, 21km NNW Mulhouse, 06.04.1999 (ZSM). Germany: 26♀ 2♂, 10.04–27.05, Ba- den-Wuerttemberg; Bavaria; Brandenburg (DEI-GISHym31789, 83548, 83549); Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; Thuringia. Greece: Crete; 13♀, 28.03–21.04 (SDEI); mainland 1♀, 30.04.2005 (SDEI). * Morocco: Meknes-Ta- filalet Region [Middle Atlas Mts], all specimens swept from Crataegus ? monogyna that was not yet flowering: 5♀, Khenifra 18 km E., 1510m asl, + 32.94300°N - 5.47700°E, 18.04.2015, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI); 2♀, same as preceding, but 21.04.2015. 2♀, Ifrane 5 km SSW, 1660 m asl, + 33.48400°N - 5.15000°E, 19/ 20.04.2015, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI). Spain: 1♀ (SDEI). * Sweden: Skåne; 1♀, Lund, Botaniska Trädgaerden, + 55.70380°N + 13.20310°E, 03.05.1972, leg. R. Danielsson (MZLU). Öland; 72♀, Mörbylånga kommun, Gamla Skogsby (Kalkstad), „diversitetsängen“, + 56.61669°N + 16.50759°E, 25.04– 20.05.2005, leg. SMTP (NHRS); 3♀, same data except 20.05.– 01.06.2005 (NHRS); 6♀, same data except 20.05.– 28.06.2006 (NHRS).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E454FFC723A4FF2FFB724676	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E454FFD923A4F8E3FAA04305.text	EF030A01E454FFD923A4F8E3FAA04305.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa crataegi (Klug 1816)	<div><p>Hoplocampa crataegi (Klug, 1816)</p><p>Tenthredo (Allantus) crataegi Klug, 1816: 54 . Syntypes ♂ ♀, Berlin, lectotype ♀ here designated (GBIF-GISHym2447, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4724824), in ZMHUB. Type locality: Berlin (Germany) . Paralectotype ♂ (GBIF-GISHym2446, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4724827), in ZMHUB.</p><p>Tenthredo luteola Serville, 1823: 50–51 . Syntype (s) ♂, most likely lost. Type locality: Soissons (France). Primary homonym of Tenthredo luteola Klug, 1816 . Listed in synonymy of crataegi by Dalla Torre (1894).</p><p>Tenthredo luteola Lepeletier, 1823: 108 . Syntype (s) ♂, most likely lost. Type locality: Soissons (France). Primary homonym of Tenthredo luteola Klug, 1816 .</p><p>Tenthredo verticata Serville, 1823: 50 . Syntypes ♂ ♀, most likely lost. Type locality: Soissons (France). Synonymy with crataegi by Lacourt (2000: 106).</p><p>Tenthredo verticata Lepeletier, 1823: 108 . Syntypes ♂ ♀, most likely lost. Type locality: Soissons (France). Primary hom- onym of Tenthredo verticata Serville, 1823 .</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 3.5–5.5mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour yellowish. Fore wing costa and M+Cu similarly coloured, and paler than Sc+R. Female: antennal flagellum completely black. Pedicel and/or scape partly or wholly pale [except in Sicily]. In Central and North European specimens, mesonotum usually entirely black, except for yellow posterior edge of mesoscutellum [but in Sicily completely black], and sometimes minute spots on lateral mesoscutal lobes, and head capsule with ocellar area and upper occipital area black [in Sicily more extensively black]. Pronotum yellow, except for black anterior angle [in Sicily nearly entirely black]. Mesepisternum entirely yellow [in Sicily entirely black]. Specimens from southern Europe (e.g. Portugal, France, Cyprus) may have mesonotum and head capsule nearly entirely pale. Furthermore, whereas northern and central European specimens have apical 0.5–0.7 of metatibia blackish on all surfaces, contrasting with completely pale yellow base, the metatibia of some southern females (Portugal, Sicily, Cyprus) is completely pale. Valvulae 3 in dorsal view less than 2 × as long as basal width, tapering increasingly towards apex; yellow [except in Sicily; black]. Lancet: Fig. 79. Male: antenna completely yellow. Colour and variability of mesonotum and head as for female. All legs completely pale. Penis valve: Fig. 95.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 109.</p><p>Similar species. Because they both have Crataegus species as hosts, darker individuals of the highly variable crataegi might be confused with pectoralis . In direct comparison, they may be separated thus:</p><p>Females</p><p>- Valvulae 3 in dorsal view less than 2 × as long as basal width, tapering increasingly towards apex; longest setae arise near middle (Fig. 62). Lancet (Fig. 79): ventralmost ctenidial teeth well-developed on basal and middle annuli; middle sawteeth strongly hooked. [In Central and northern Europe: apical 0.5–0.7 of metatibia blackish on all surfaces, contrasting with completely pale yellow base; valvula 3 largely pale in lateral view; mesepisternum yellow; mesoscutellum at least partly yellow]..................................................................................................................................................................................... crataegi</p><p>- Valvulae 3 in dorsal view more than 2 × as long as basal width, evenly tapering; longest setae arise on apical 0.2–0.3 (Fig. 61) Lancet (Fig. 89): completely without ctenidial teeth; middle sawteeth weakly hooked. [Metatibia at most slightly fuscous on extreme apex; valvula 3 entirely black; mesepisternum yellow above, black below; mesoscutellum completely black].......................................................................................... .. pectoralis</p><p>Males</p><p>- mesoscutellum partly yellow, at least on posterior margin (Fig. 72); antenna completely pale; propleuron anteriorly edged with black (Fig. 34); penis valve: Fig. 95 ......................................................... crataegi</p><p>- mesoscutellum completely black (Fig. 27); basal flagellomeres fuscous above (Fig. 27); propleuron entirely pale (Fig. 28); penis valve: Fig. 105 ........................................................................ pectoralis</p><p>Life history. Host plants: Crataegus spp. (Pschorn-Walcher &amp; Altenhofer 2000). Liston (2007) thought that crataegi is mainly attached to C. monogyna, rather than C. laevigata, but this was based solely on observations on visits by adults to the respective inflorescences. Brischke (1883, caption to Plate IV) reared adults from C. laevigata (= oxyacantha). More recently, two larvae extracted from fruits of C. monogyna were identified by COI barcoding as crataegi .</p><p>Distribution. Southern and Central Europe, including Britain and Ireland; North to Denmark (Taeger et al. 2006) and southern Sweden; Turkey, Morocco (Lacourt 1999), and Caucasus (Zhelochovtsev &amp; Zinovjev 1995).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: published records: Skåne (Thomson 1871, Andersson 1962, Benander 1966), Småland, Gotland (Thomson 1871). Material examined: Skåne, Småland, Öland, Gotland, Hälsingland.</p><p>Specimens examined. France: Corsica; 1♀ (ZSM); mainland; 2♀ (DEI-GISHym11414) (SDEI) . Germany: 69♀ 25♂, 16.04–07.06; Bavaria; Berlin; Brandenburg (DEI-GISHym83583, 83584); Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; Rhineland-Pfalz; Saxony (SDEI, ZSM). Italy: Sicily; 1♀ (DEI-GISHym19238) (SDEI) . * Portugal: Leiria; 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.70976&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.71276" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.70976/lat 39.71276)">Leira</a> 6 km ESE, 175 m asl, + 39.71276°N - 8.70976°E, 01.05.2012, leg. Blank, Jacobs, Liston &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . Viséu; 2♂ (DEI-GISHym31784), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=7.82295&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5014" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 7.82295/lat 40.5014)">Nelas</a> 4 km SE, 180 m asl, + 40.50140°N - 7.82295°E, 03.05.2012, leg. Blank, Jacobs, Liston &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . Guarda; 1♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=7.76223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.47853" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 7.76223/lat 40.47853)">Seia</a> 9 km NNW, 350 m asl, + 40.47853°N - 7.76223°E, 06.05.2012, leg. Blank, Jacobs, Liston &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . Braga; 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.19114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.76297" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.19114/lat 41.76297)">Terras de Bouro</a> 10 km NE, 630 m asl, + 41.76297°N - 8.19114°E, 10.05.2012, leg. Blank, Jacobs, Liston &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . Sweden: Skåne; 1♀ (NHRS- HEVA000006528), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.81955&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=55.42873" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.81955/lat 55.42873)">Ystad</a>, + 55.42873°N + 13.81955°E, 13.06.1936 (NHRS) . 1♂, Esperöd (MZLU) . 1♀, Rings- jön, leg. Muchardt (NHRS) . 2♀ (NHRS-HEVA000003416, NHRS-HEVA000006529), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.69814&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=55.90919" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.69814/lat 55.90919)">Ven</a>, + 55.90919°N + 12.69814°E, 19.06.1946, leg. Lundblad (NHRS) . Småland; 1♂ (NHRS-HEVA000006530), leg. Boheman (NHRS) . 1♀, Hultsfred, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=15.871&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=57.497" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 15.871/lat 57.497)">Kloster Gård</a>, 100 m., + 57.49700°N + 15.87100°E, 31.05.2013, leg. Liston, Prous &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . Öland; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006531), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=17.01667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=57.16667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 17.01667/lat 57.16667)">Högby</a>, + 57.16667°N + 17.01667°E, 06.1907, leg. Wirén (NHRS) . Gotland; 3♂ (NHRS-HEVA000006532–6533, -6538), leg. Boheman (NHRS) . Hälsingland; 4♂ (NHRS- HEVA000006534–6537) , Kyrkbytjärn, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=15.16921&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=61.72488" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 15.16921/lat 61.72488)">Los</a>, + 61.72488°N + 15.16921°E, 27.06.1942, leg. Lundblad (NHRS) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E454FFD923A4F8E3FAA04305	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E44AFFD823A4FD03FBD34632.text	EF030A01E44AFFD823A4FD03FBD34632.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa flava (Linne 1760)	<div><p>Hoplocampa flava (Linné, 1760)</p><p>Tenthredo flava Linné, 1760: 395 . Syntypes ♂ ♀?, most likely lost. Type locality:? Sweden. Description refers also to Réau- mur 1740: Pl.10, fig. 6 &amp;7.</p><p>Tenthredo ruficapilla Gmelin, 1790: 2668 . Syntypes ♂ ♀?, most likely lost. Type locality: Europe. Description refers to Zschach (1788: 56, nr. 124). Listed in synonymy by Dalla Torre (1894: 188).</p><p>Tenthredo Glaucopis [sic!] Rossi, 1790: vol. 2, 31–32. Syntypes ♂ ♀?, most likely lost. Type locality: Etrusca (provinces Florentina and Pisana, Italy). Listed in synonymy by Dalla Torre (1894: 188).</p><p>Allantus ferrugineus Panzer, 1802: 90 /9. Syntypes ♂ ♀, Germany, lectotype ♂ here designated (ZMUC-GISHym1022, im- ages: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7837790.v1), in ZMUC. Type locality: Germany. Paralectotype ♀ (ZMUC- GISHym1023, images: https://doi.org/106084/m9.figshare.7837856.v1), in ZMUC. Synonymy with Tenthredo brunnea Klug, 1816 by Klug (1816: 53).</p><p>Hylotoma ferruginea Fabricius, 1804: 26 . Syntypes ♂ ♀, Germany, lectotype ♂ here designated (ZMUC-GISHym1022, im- ages: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7837790.v1), in ZMUC [this specimen is also the lectotype of Allantus ferrugineus: see there]. Paralectotype ♀ (ZMUC-GISHym1023, images: https://doi.org/106084/m9.figshare.7837856.v1), in ZMUC [this specimen is also the paralectotype of Allantus ferrugineus: see there]. Type locality: Germany. Synonymy with Tenthredo brunnea Klug, 1816 by Klug (1816: 53).</p><p>Hylotoma simplex Fallén, 1807: 207–208 . Holotype ♀, examined, in MZLU. Type locality: Sweden, Skåne [Esperöd: Fallén 1829]. Synonymy with Hoplocampa ferruginea by Thomson (1871: 201).</p><p>Tenthredo (Allantus) brunnea Klug, 1816: 53 . Replacement name for Hylotoma ferruginea Fabricius, 1804 . Synonymy with Tenthredo flava Linné, 1760 by Zaddach (1876: 51).</p><p>Tenthredo pallida Serville, 1823: 47 . Syntype (s) ♀, most likely lost. Type locality: Paris (France). Synonymy by Lacourt (2000: 103).</p><p>Tenthredo pallida Lepeletier, 1823: 105 . Syntype (s) ♀, most likely lost. Type locality: Paris (France). Synonymy by Lacourt (2000: 103). Primary homonym of Tenthredo pallida Serville, 1823 .</p><p>Hoplocampa flava var. dimidiata Costa, 1894: 149 . Holotype ♀, most likely lost. Type locality: Parma (Italy). Treated in legend (Costa 1894: [291] pl. II. 2) as Hoplocampa dimidiata .</p><p>Taxonomy. Allantus ferrugineus Panzer, Hylotoma ferruginea Fabricius, and Tenthredo (Allantus) brunnea Klug: Klug (1816) replaced the Fabricius’ name because of secondary homonymy:</p><p>“Die Benennung Panzers, von welchem Fabricius diese Art, die er nachher so undeutlich und mangelhaft beschreibt, erhielt, musste deshalb geändert werden, weil schon Schrank, (enum. p. 326 n. 656) eine Tenthredo ferruginea aufführt.“ He subsequently emphasised his reasoning (Klug 1819: 72): „Der Name T. ferruginea ist von mir in T. brunnea umgeändert worden weil Schrank schon früher als Fabricius eine T. ferrugineabeschrieben hat.“</p><p>Therefore, the specimens in Klug’s collection cannot be considered to be types. Furthermore, because Pan- zer’s description is obviously based on the same material as Fabricius’ species, all three names are objective synonyms.</p><p>Hylotoma simplex: Three specimens, two females and one male, are in the Fallén Collection (MZLU) under the name Phyllotoma simplex . Either of the females might be the holotype. One is without any label, the other has a label similar to that of the male. The male specimen, which was described later by Fallén (1829), belongs to crataegi . We consider the female specimen, until now without any labels, to be the holotype of simplex, because the female and male standing under the name are very similarly labelled, and therefore probably collected at nearly the same time (later than the holotype).</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 3.5–5.5mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour yellowish. Antenna completely pale. Base of procoxa and margins of propleuron black-edged. Legs entirely pale, apart from bases of coxae. Metanontum black, except for pale metascutellum. Venation entirely pale yellowish, except for darkened base of fore wing pterostigma. Female: Head capsule completely pale except for postoccipital groove, and more or less dorsal tentorial macula and anterior tentorial pit. Mesonotum completely pale. Valvula 3 pale. Lancet: Fig. 83. Male: Small black patch between ocelli, more or less extending anteriorly along edges of frontal field. Median and lateral mesocutal lobes partly black. Penis valve: Fig. 100. Note that the curvature of the filament is highly variable in prepared specimens.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 38.</p><p>Similar species. The wing colour should separate Hoplocampa flava from all other European species, but when this cannot be clearly seen (as often in old, faded specimens) it is most likely to be misidentified as crataegi . In direct comparison, they may be separated thus:</p><p>Females</p><p>- Antennal flagellum black (Figs 31–32); epicnemial groove pale (Fig. 32); fore wing costa paler than radius (Fig. 31). [In northern and central Europe, apical 0.5–0.7 of metatibia dark, contrasting with pale yellow base (Fig. 31)]. Lancet (Fig. 79): particularly the middle and apical sawteeth more hooked, with fewer serrulae............................. crataegi</p><p>- Antennal flagellum pale (Figs 41–42); epicnemial groove narrowly black (Fig. 42); fore wing costa and radius equally pale (Fig. 41). [Metatibia always completely pale (Fig. 42)]. Lancet (Fig. 83): particularly the middle and apical sawteeth less hooked, with more numerous serrulae............................................................... flava</p><p>Males</p><p>- Epicnemial groove pale (Fig. 34); valviceps of penis valve apically with group of long setae, but no filament (Fig. 95).... crataegi</p><p>- Epicnemial groove black (Fig. 44); valviceps of penis valve apically without group of large setae, but with extremely long filament (Fig. 100) [often conspicuously projecting from tip of abdomen, without preparation].................. flava</p><p>Life history. Host plants: Prunus spinosa and P. domestica are main hosts (Pschorn-Walcher &amp; Altenhofer 2000). In southern Europe Prunus armeniaca and P. salicina are also affected (Roberti 1947, Perju et al. 1995). Prunus avium is an infrequent, probably secondary host (Velbinger 1947). A possible association with P. cerasus, mentioned as a host in earlier literature, needs confirmation (Sprengel 1930a). Biology: Sprengel (1930b), Miles et al. (1933), Roberti (1947), Boevé et al. (1997).</p><p>Distribution. Southern, Central and Northern Europe, including the British Isles; North to Denmark, S. Sweden, Estonia (Taeger et al. 2006), and Finland (Paukkunen et al. 2009); Turkey, Israel, and Transcaucasus (Lacourt 1999).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: published records: Skåne, Småland (Thomson 1871), Halland (Andersson 1962).</p><p>Material examined: Blekinge, Småland, Öland, Östergötland, Uppland, Hälsingland.</p><p>Specimens examined. Bulgaria: 1♀ (DEI-GISHym84160), Pazardzhik Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.128&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.319" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.128/lat 42.319)">Vinogradets</a> 3km N, 300m, + 42.31900°N + 24.12800°E, 31.03.2018, leg. Liston &amp; Prous (SDEI) . Germany: 14♀ 3♂, 17.04–23.05, Baden- Wuerttemberg; Bavaria; Berlin; Brandenburg (including DEI-GISHym19235); Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; Rhineland-Pfalz; Saxony; Saxony-Anhalt; Thuringia (SDEI, ZSM) . Sweden: Skåne; 1♀, Esperöd (MZLU) . Blekinge; 1♀, Sjöarp, 16.05.1959, leg. T.-E. Leiler (NHRS) . Småland; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006539) 1?[abdo- men missing] (NHRS-HEVA000006540), leg. Boheman (NHRS) . Öland; 4♀ (DEI-GISHym83558) 3♂ (DEI- GISHym20595), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.507&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.617" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.507/lat 56.617)">Station Linné</a> 1km E, 40 m asl, + 56.61700°N + 16.50700°E, 28– 30.05.2013 (SDEI) . Öster- götland; 2♂ (NHRS-HEVA000006541–6542), leg. Haglund (NHRS) . Uppland; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000003420) 1♂ (NHRS-HEVA000006543), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=17.6139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=59.7095" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 17.6139/lat 59.7095)">Tursbo</a>, + 59.70950°N + 17.61390°E, 16.05.1939, leg. Lundblad (NHRS) . 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006544), Resarö, leg. Malaise (NHRS) . Hälsingland; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006545), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.07886&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=61.83094" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.07886/lat 61.83094)">Ljusdal</a>, + 61.83094°N + 16.07886°E, leg. Muchardt (NHRS) . No data ; 1♀ 1♂ (SDEI) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E44AFFD823A4FD03FBD34632	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E448FFDA23A4FF2FFDC04289.text	EF030A01E448FFDA23A4FF2FFDC04289.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa fulvicornis (Panzer 1801)	<div><p>Hoplocampa fulvicornis (Panzer, 1801)</p><p>Tenthredo fulvicornis Panzer, 1801: 82 /13. Syntype (s) ♂, most likely lost (the specimens sent as fulvicornis by Panzer to Fabricius [ZMUC] belong to minuta). Type locality: Germany.</p><p>Tenthredo (Allantus) rutilicornis Klug, 1816: 54–55 . Syntypes ♂ ♀, “verschiedene Gegenden Deutschlands”, lectotype ♀ here designated (GBIF-GISHym2457, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4769503), in ZMHUB. Type locality: Germany. Paralectotypes 1♂ (GBIF-GISHym2453, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4769506), and 2♂ 2♀ (GBIF-GISHym 2454–2456, 2548), all in ZMHUB. Described with Tenthredo fulvicornis Panzer, 1801 as its (unjustified) synonym.</p><p>Hoplocampa minuta forma dudai Gregor, in Gregor &amp; Bata, 1942: 288. Syntype (s) ♀, not examined, in NMPC. Type local- ity: Jindrichuv Hradec (Czech Republic). New synonym .</p><p>Hoplocampa rutilicornis var. pleuris Zirngiebl,1954:152 . Lectotype ♀, designated by Blank(1996:210) (GBIF-GISHym3143, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4769632), in ZSM. Type locality: Naturschutzgebiet Dannstadt (Germany).</p><p>Hoplocampa prunicola Benson, 1968: 201 . Holotype ♀, not examined, in BMNH. Type locality: Izmit (Turkey). Synonymy by Chevin (1986: 21).</p><p>Taxonomy. Hoplocampa fulvicornis (Panzer, 1801): Two male specimens in ZMUC, with handwritten labels “ fulvicornis ”, were apparently sent by Panzer to Fabricius. They are both H. minuta (Christ), and cannot be considered to be types of fulvicornis Panzer, because they disagree with the original description of that species in having black metafemora bases (“Pedes omnes flavi” in fulvicornis), and a black subgenital plate (“Abdomen [..] ano rufo”). Klug (1816) apparently intended to replace Panzer’s name. On p. 54, under his Tenthredo (Allantus) rutilicornis, Klug mentioned Panzer’s T. fulvicornis, and on p. 61 he used the younger name fulvicornis Fabricius as the valid name for what is now called H. minuta . However, an explicit statement that the name rutilicornis is a replacement name (as in brunnea: see under H. flava), is missing. Taeger &amp; Blank (1998) re-established Panzer’s name.</p><p>Hoplocampa minuta forma dudai: This was listed as a synonym of minuta by Taeger et al. (2010). However, the brief original description states [translated from Czech and Latin] that forma dudai is similar to rutilicornis, with a red clypeus, antenna, and legs (apart from the black metacoxa), but that the pronotum and tegulae are black. This character combination falls within the range of variability of fulvicornis, but disagrees with the darker colour pattern of minuta in that the clypeus and most of the legs are pale.</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 3.5–4.0mm. Clypeus broadly and shallowly emarginate. Tegulae and pronotum completely black, to completely pale. Legs completely pale, except more or less coxae. Female: scape and pedicel pale, flagellum pale to dark. Head capsule except for clypeus and labrum black, or extensively pale so that only an ocellar fleck remains. Mesoscutal lobes and mesoscutellum completely black, or partly pale. Mesepisternum completely black, to completely pale. Abdomen entirely black, including valvula 3, to extensively pale, including valvula 3, with only most of terga 1–3 black and medial spots on some following terga. The darkest examined specimens are from Öland, Sweden, and the palest from southern France and Bulgaria. Lancet: Fig. 84. Male: antenna usually completely pale, but basal flagellomeres sometimes fuscous above. Head apart from pale clypeus and labrum completely black, to extensively pale, with black reduced to more or less postocellar area, edges of frontal area, and occiput. Mesoscutal lobes and mesoscutellum completely black. Abdomen black, except for more or less pale subgenital plate (at least apically pale) and harpes. Penis valve: Fig. 102.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 243.</p><p>Similar species. Could be confused with minuta, cantoti, or chrysorrhoea: see key for distinguishing characters. The lancets of fulvicornis (Fig. 84) and minuta (Fig. 85) are closely similar, and do not seem to offer characters that will enable reliable identification. The lancet of brevis (Fig. 81) resembles these species in its hooked sawteeth, but brevis has rows of ctenidial teeth on ca. annuli 1–7, whereas only the ventralmost ctenidial tooth is developed in the other two species. The penis valve of fulvicornis (Fig. 102) is most similar to that of minuta (Fig. 103), but in fulvicornis the distal filament is much longer than the maximal height of the valviceps, whereas shorter than the maximum height in minuta . Also, the valviceps is distally tapered in fulvicornis, but not tapered in minuta .</p><p>Life history. Host plants: Prunus spinosa is a main larval host, although the association is based on the occurrence of adults, not larvae (e.g. Pschorn-Walcher &amp; Altenhofer 2000). Reports originating in the old literature, frequently repeated in more recent publications, of Hoplocampa fulvicornis feeding in cultivated Prunus species, may have partly arisen through misinterpretation of the species name, or misidentification of fulvicornis sensu Fabricius (= minuta) as what we now understand as fulvicornis (Panzer) . On the other hand, Roberti (1948a) convincingly showed that fulvicornis does attack some plum varieties ( P. domestica, P. salicina), at least in southern Italy. Biology: Roberti (1948a).</p><p>Distribution. Southern, Central and Northern Europe, including the British Isles; North to Denmark, Estonia (Taeger et al. 2006), and Finland (Paukkunen et al. 2009); Turkey (Benson 1968). Published information on “ fulvicornis ” as a pest of Prunus salicina in China refers to the two described Monocellicampa species (Liu et al. 2017).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: published records: Skåne (Thomson 1871, Benander 1966), Småland, Öland (Thomson 1871), Halland (Andersson 1962), Uppland (Thomson 1871).</p><p>Material examined: Skåne, Halland, Småland, Västergötland, Öland, Uppland.</p><p>Specimens examined. Bulgaria: 38♀, 27♂, 31.03–13.04, Burgas, Pazardzhik, and Varna Provinces (SDEI) . France: mainland; 5♀ (including DEI-GISHym21046), 06.03–06.04 (SDEI) . France: Corsica; 1♀ (SDEI) . Ger- many: 51♀ 41♂, 23.03–05.06, Baden-Wuerttemberg; Bavaria; Brandenburg (DEI-GISHym83782); Mecklen- burg-Vorpommern (DEI-GISHym31788, 11358, 11359); Rheinland-Pfalz (SDEI, ZSM) . Italy: 2♀ 1♂ (SDEI) . Sweden: Skåne; 1♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=12.69814&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=55.90919" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 12.69814/lat 55.90919)">Ven</a>, + 55.90919°N + 12.69814°E, 07.05.1972, R. Danielsson (MZLU) . Småland; 2♀ (NHRS- HEVA000006546–6547), leg. Boheman (NHRS) . Öland; 1♀ 1♂, Mörbylånga kommun, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.50759&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.61669" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.50759/lat 56.61669)">Gamla Skogsby</a> (Kalk- stad), “diversitetsängen”, + 56.61669°N + 16.50759°E, 30.03– 01.05.2004, leg. SMTP (NHRS) ; 11♀ 4♂, same data, but 01.05– 01.06.2004 (NHRS); 8♀ 14♂, same data, but 20.05– 01.06.2005 (NHRS); 6♀ 3♂, same data, but 20.05.– 28.06.2006 (NHRS); 12♀ 4♂, same data, but 25.04– 20.05.2004 (NHRS) . 2♀, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.499&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=56.619" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.499/lat 56.619)">Station Linné</a>, 50 m asl, + 56.61900°N + 16.49900°E, 28– 29.05.2015, leg. Liston (SDEI) . Västergötland; 1♂ (NHRS-HEVA000006548), leg. Boheman (NHRS) . Uppland; 1♂ (NHRS-HEVA000003419), Resarö, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.32726&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=59.43006" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.32726/lat 59.43006)">Vaxholm</a>, + 59.43006°N + 18.32726°E, leg. Malaise (NHRS) . 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006551) 2♂ (NHRS-HEVA000006549–6550), Stockholm [Holmi- ae], the ♀ leg. Boheman (NHRS) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E448FFDA23A4FF2FFDC04289	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E449FFDD23A4FBF7FAB84239.text	EF030A01E449FFDD23A4FBF7FAB84239.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa minuta (Christ 1791)	<div><p>Hoplocampa minuta (Christ, 1791)</p><p>Tenthredo minuta Christ, 1791: 438, Tab. 50, fig. 7. Syntypes ♂ ♀?, no data, lost.</p><p>Tenthredo hylotomoides Serville, 1823: 49 . Holotype (assumed by Blank &amp; Taeger 1998) ♀, not examined, in MRSN. Type locality: Soissons (France). Synonymy by Blank &amp; Taeger 1998: 163).</p><p>Tenthredo hylotomoides Lepeletier, 1823: 107 . Holotype (assumed by Blank &amp; Taeger 1998) ♀, not examined, in MRSN. Type locality: Soissons (France). Synonymy by Blank &amp; Taeger 1998: 163). Primary homonym of Tenthredo hylotomoides Serville, 1823 .</p><p>Tenthredo parvula Serville, 1823: 49 . Lectotype ♂, designated by Lacourt (2000: 103) not examined, in MNHN. Type lo- cality: Soissons (France). Primary homonym of Tenthredo parvula Klug, 1816 . Listed in synonymy with Hoplocampa fulvicornis auct. by Dalla Torre (1894: 189).</p><p>Tenthredo parvula Lepeletier, 1823: 107 . Lectotype ♂, designated by Lacourt (2000: 103) not examined, in MNHN. Type locality: Soissons (France). Primary homonym of Tenthredo parvula Klug, 1816 . Listed in synonymy with Hoplocampa fulvicornis auct. by Dalla Torre (1894: 189).</p><p>Tenthredo turcarum Vallot, 1848: 206 . Syntypes ♂ ♀?, no data, most likely lost.</p><p>Hoplocampa fabricii W.F. Kirby, 1882: 167 . Name for Hoplocampa fulvicornis Fabricius 1804, nec Panzer. Syntypes, sex not stated, “Habitat in Germania Dr. Panzer”, lectotype ♂ here designated (ZMUC00240962, images: https://doi. org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7837949), ZMUC. Type locality: Germany. Paralectotype 1♂ (ZMUC00240961, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7842122.v1), ZMUC. Listed as synonym of minuta by Taeger et al. (2010).</p><p>Hoplocampa fulvicornis auct., nec Panzer</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 4.0–5.0mm. Clypeus broadly and shallowly emarginate. Thorax black, including pronotum and tegula. Pro- and mesofemur basally black or entirely pale. Apex of metatibia pale, to indistinctly fuscous. Metatarsus more or less fuscous. Female: antenna black, with flagellum indistinctly reddish ventro-apically. Lancet: Fig. 85. Male: scape and pedicel black, flagellum nearly completely red. Harpes from completely black, to ventrally and dorsoapically partly pale. Penis valve: Fig. 103.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 73.</p><p>Similar species. On external characters could be confused with fulvicornis, cantoti, or chrysorrhoea: see key. Whereas the lancets of cantoti (Fig. 92) and chrysorrhoea (Fig. 90) have a very different total shape compared to minuta (Fig. 85), the lancet of minuta does not appear to be reliably distinguishable from that of fulvicornis (Fig. 84). The penis valve of minuta (Fig. 103) is most similar to that of fulvicornis (Fig. 102), but in minuta the distal filament is shorter than the maximum height of the valviceps, whereas in fulvicornis it is much longer than the maximal height. Also, the valviceps is distally tapered in fulvicornis, but not tapered in minuta .</p><p>Life history. Host plants: Cultivated Prunus spp., particularly P. domestica (Pschorn-Walcher &amp; Altenhofer 2000) and P. salicina (Roberti 1952), less often P. avium (Velbinger 1947) . In southern Europe P. armeniaca is affected (Fintzescov 1921, Perju et al. 1995). Records of H. minuta on Pyrus in Japan refer to H. pyricola Rohwer, 1924 (Velbinger 1944) . Biology: Sprengel (1930b), Miles et al. (1933), Ahlberg (1940), Roberti (1952), Bernard (1952).</p><p>Distribution. Southern, central and northern Europe, excluding the British Isles, and north to Denmark, Estonia (Taeger et al. 2006) and Norway (Jaastad et al. 2007); Caucasus, and Uzbekistan (Zhelochovtsev &amp; Zinovjev 1995).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: published records: Skåne (Thomson 1871, Benander 1966), Blekinge, Halland, Småland, Östergötland (Ahlberg 1940), Västergötland, Bohuslän, Närke, Södermanland, Uppland (Lindblom 1936), Västmanland (Ahlberg 1940), Värmland (Lindblom 1936): Material examined: Skåne, Småland.</p><p>Specimens examined. Bulgaria: Burgas: 1♂, Mrezhichko 1 km W, 07.04.2018 (SDEI) . Germany: 30♀ 10♂, 02.04–30.05; Baden-Wuerttemberg (DEI-GISHym83545); Bavaria; Berlin; Brandenburg (DEI-GISHym31782, 83546); Rhineland-Palatinate; Thuringia (SDEI, ZSM) . Greece: 21♀ 4♂ (SDEI) . Sweden: Skåne; 1♀, Lund (MZLU) . 2♂ (NHRS-HEVA000003417, -6555), Arkelstorp, + 56.17327°N + 14.28841°E, 11.05.1935 (NHRS) . Småland; 2♀ (NHRS-HEVA000006556–6557), Lessebo, + 56.76138°N + 15.26619°E, 22.05.1935 (NHRS) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E449FFDD23A4FBF7FAB84239	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E44EFFDC23A4FC07FF2D4091.text	EF030A01E44EFFDC23A4FC07FF2D4091.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa pectoralis Thomson 1871	<div><p>Hoplocampa pectoralis Thomson, 1871</p><p>Hoplocampa pectoralis Thomson, 1871: 202–203 . Syntypes ♀, Gottland (sic!) , lectotype ♀ here designated (DEI- GISHym17569, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4763851), in MZLU. Type locality: Gotland (Sweden) . Paralectotype ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000003421, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4764835), in NHRS.</p><p>Hoplocampa Oertzeni [sic!] Konow, 1888: 188, 190. Syntypes ♂ ♀, Karpathos, lectotype ♀ here designated (GBIF- GISHym3804, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4772125), in SDEI. Type locality: Karpathos (Greece). Paralectotype ♀ (GBIF-GISHym3805), in SDEI. Synonymy by Enslin (1914: 247).</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 3.0–5.0mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour yellowish. Fore wing costa and Sc+R similarly coloured, and darker than M+Cu. Female: Antennal flagellum entirely black (most northern and central European specimens), or more or less pale below (most southern European specimens); scape and pedicel more or less fuscous above, pale below. Upper head mainly black, usually with a pair of pale flecks anterior of ocelli, and outer orbits more or less pale. Whole occiput dark. Tegula and pronotum except extreme anterior yellow. Coxae usually completely yellow, rarely black-flecked. Abdominal terga and sterna from completely yellow except for black base of tergum 1, to extensively black on terga 1–4(–5). Sterna usually completely yellow, but rarely extensively fuscous. Even in darkest specimens, downturned edges of all terga remain pale. Valvulae 3 in dorsal view more than 2 × as long as basal width, gradually tapering; black. Lancet: Fig. 89. Male: Antennal flagellum largely pale, basal flagellomeres more or less fuscous above; scape and pedicel entirely pale. Head capsule entirely pale except for a contiguous patch around ocelli, postocellar area, and area of occiput directly behind this. Legs completely yellow. Medial area of only tergum 1 black, or a distally tapering black vitta reaching maximally to tergum 7. Penis valve: Fig. 105.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 37.</p><p>Similar species. See under crataegi, above.</p><p>Life history. Host plants: Crataegus spp. (Pschorn-Walcher &amp; Altenhofer 2000). Liston (2007) thought that pectoralis is attached to C. laevigata, rather than C. monogyna, but this was based only on observations on visits by adults to the respective inflorescences.</p><p>Distribution. Southern and Central Europe, including the British Isles; North to Denmark, and S. Sweden (Taeger et al. 2006); Caucasus (Zhelochovtsev &amp; Zinovjev 1995), Transcaucasus, N. Iran, Siberia (Lacourt 1999). A record from Sicily (Liston et al. 2013) resulted from the misidentification of an unusually coloured female of crataegi (see key, and under treatment of H. crataegi).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: published records: Skåne (Benander 1966), Gotland (Thomson 1871)</p><p>Material examined: Öland, Gotland.</p><p>Specimens examined. Germany: 18♀ 9♂, 28.04–16.06; Baden-Wuerttemberg; Bavaria; Berlin; Branden- burg; Hesse; Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; Rhineland-Palatinate; Saxony; Thuringia (DEI-GISHym83550) (SDEI) (SDEI, ZSM) . Greece: 1♀ 1♂ (DEI-GISHym80337) (SDEI) . * Portugal: Viséu; 3♂, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=7.82295&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.5014" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 7.82295/lat 40.5014)">Nelas</a> 4 km SE, 180 m asl, + 40.50140°N - 7.82295°E, 03.05.2012, leg. Blank, Jacobs, Liston &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . Coimbra; 1♂, Coimbra 10 NE, + 40.25000°N - 8.34997°E, 01.05.2012, leg. Blank, Jacobs, Liston &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . Sweden: Öland; 1♀, Res- mo N, 28.05.2013, leg. Liston, Prous &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . Gotland; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000003421), leg. Boheman (NHRS) . Switzerland: 1♀ (ZSM) . UK: Scotland: 1♂, Gorebridge, Edgehead, 18.06.2010 (DEI-GISHym19234) (SDEI) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E44EFFDC23A4FC07FF2D4091	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E44FFFDC23A4FD93FF2D44DE.text	EF030A01E44FFFDC23A4FD93FF2D44DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa phantoma Zinovjev 1993	<div><p>Hoplocampa phantoma Zinovjev, 1993</p><p>Hoplocampa phantoma Zinovjev, 1993: 31–33 . Holotype ♀, not examined, in ZISP. Type locality: Russia [Far East], Khabarovsk Terr., Khekhtsir, 24 km S Khabarovsk.</p><p>Note. The characters in the key, and our illustrations, are from specimens collected in the Russian Far East. According to Zinovjev (1993), the specimens from Sverdlovsk oblast [W. Palaearctic] differ from Far Eastern ones, in having a shorter ovipositor (the lower end of the range given below), and slight [unspecified] differences in the male genitalia.</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 3.3–3.8mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour yellowish. Female: Valvula 3 and valvifer 2 combined length in lateral view 1.03–1.31 as long as metafemur without trochantellus. Lancet: Fig. 80. Male: penis valve: Figs 98–99.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 9.</p><p>Similar species. Superficially similar to alpina, especially in coloration, from which it is externally distinguishable only in the female sex: see key. The lancet of phantoma (Fig. 80) is narrower in relation to its length than that of alpina (Fig. 77), and phantoma has rows of ctenidial teeth on annuli ca. 1–7 ( alpina: rows of teeth only on basal 2–3 annuli). The penis valve of phantoma (Figs 97–98) differs markedly in the profile of the valviceps and some details, such as the gap in the dorsal sclerotised strut just anterior of the valviceps apex, from all other West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species.</p><p>Life history. Host plants: unknown, but Zinovjev (1993) considered that these could be Sorbus species; perhaps S. sibirica in the Urals, and S. amurensis in the Far East.</p><p>Distribution. Russia. Northern Urals (Sverdlovsk oblast), and the Far East (Zinovjev 1993).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: not recorded, and not expected.</p><p>Specimens examined. Russia: Primorskiy Kray; 8♀ (DEI-GISHym83552) 1♂ (DEI-GISHym83553), Sa- marka 70 km N, Chuguyevka, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=134.21667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.76667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 134.21667/lat 44.76667)">Gordeyevskaya Mt.</a>, + 44.76667°N + 134.21667°E, 29.05.1993, leg. A. Taeger (SDEI) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E44FFFDC23A4FD93FF2D44DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E44FFFDF23A4F9BCFCF445A1.text	EF030A01E44FFFDF23A4F9BCFCF445A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa plagiata (Klug 1816)	<div><p>Hoplocampa plagiata (Klug, 1816)</p><p>Tenthredo (Allantus) plagiata Klug, 1816: 56 . Syntypes ♀ ♂, Wien, lectotype ♀ here designated (DEI-GISHym2448, im- ages: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7837937.v1), in ZMHUB. Type locality: Vienna (Austria) . Paralectotypes: 4♀ (DEI-GISHym 2449–2452), in ZMHUB.</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 4.5–5.5mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Lancet: Fig. 88. Penis valve: Fig. 107. Normal colour pattern [all specimens except some from France]: Pale body colour orangebrown. Mesoscutellar appendage at least pale in middle. Metatibia largely pale with obscurely fuscous apex, to extensively fuscous. Tarsi pale, to more or less fuscous. Fore wing pterostigma unicolorous pale. Female: Antenna mainly black, more or less pale apically and ventrally. Occiput largely pale, except around foramen magnum. Abdominal sterna and all downturned lateral areas of terga pale, with a broad black vitta on dorsum of terga 1–4(–6). Valvula 3 basally pale, apically black. Male: Antenna largely pale, basal antennomeres sometimes slightly fuscous above. Dorsum of terga 1–4(–8) with black vitta, progressively interrupted distally. Colour pat- tern of dark form [only known from France: Massif Central and Pyrenees]: Female. The darkest specimen examined has head black, except for pale labrum, clypeus and genae, and obscurely brown orbits and temples. Thorax entirely black; all legs nearly completely suffused with black. At least terga 9 and 10 pale. Male. The darkest specimen examined is markedly paler than the darkest female. Head with large dark fleck from post-ocellar area to around toruli, contiguous with dark occiput. Mesoscutal lobes partly pale, and posterior of mesoscutellum; mesepisternum largely black, with ventral part pale. Femora entirely pale; tibiae largely pale. Abdomen mainly black, with apical terga and sterna more or less pale.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 35.</p><p>Similar species. Normal, paler coloured plagiata are only likely to be mistaken for chamaemespili: see under the latter, above. The dark form of plagiata (only known from the Massif Central and Pyrenees) might be mistaken for minuta . In cases of doubt, plagiata females can be easily distinguished from all other European Hoplocampa species by the very large and strongly projecting sawteeth (Fig. 88), and the male by the outline of the penis valve (Fig. 107), which resembles only slightly that of the very differently coloured (pale) phantoma .</p><p>Life history. Host plant: Amelanchier ovalis (Masutti &amp; Covassi 1980, Pschorn-Walcher &amp; Altenhofer 2000). Mentions in the earlier literature of Crataegus as a host (e.g. Enslin 1914) arose through misidentification of crataegi . Aronia, also mentioned by Enslin (1914), probably refers to a synonym, Aronia amelanchier, of Amelanchier ovalis . Biology: Masutti &amp; Covassi (1978).</p><p>Distribution. Central Europe (Taeger et al. 2006), the Iberian Peninsula (see below), and Caucasus (Zhelochovtsev &amp; Zinovjev 1995), from lowland altitudes (e.g. Vienna Basin) to around the tree-line in the Alps; not in the British Isles.</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: not recorded, and not expected.</p><p>Specimens examined. Austria: 1♂ (DEI-GISHym18918), Hernstein, Piesting, 31.05.1996, leg. S. M. Blank (SDEI) . France: 12♀, 5♂, including dark form 7♀ (DEI-GISHym31957, DEI-GISHym31958), 1♂ (DEI- GISHym31959) from Midi-Pyrénées, Dept. Ariège, Sinsat /Ornolac-Ussat-les-Bains, 18/ 21.04.2018, leg. H. Savina (SDEI) [collected together with 4♀, 4♂ pale form]. Germany: 5♀, 06.05–10.06; Baden-Wuerttemberg; Bavaria (DEI-GISHym19411); North Rhine-Westphalia (DEI-GISHym83556); Rhineland-Palatinate (SDEI, ZSM) . * Spain: Aragón; 2♀ (including DEI-GISHym83555), Camarena de la Sierra 7 km SSW, 1470 m asl, + 40.12173°N - 1.05021°E, 05.05.2014, leg. Liston, Prous &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . Valencia; 1♀, Parque Natural Puebla de San Miguel, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=1.17838&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.06434" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 1.17838/lat 40.06434)">Mas del Olmo</a>, 980 m asl, + 40.06434°N - 1.17838°E, 05.05.2014, leg. Liston, Prous &amp; Taeger (SDEI) . Switzerland: 1♂ (BC-ZSM-HYM10950) (ZSM) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E44FFFDF23A4F9BCFCF445A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E44CFFDE23A4FAAFFC8840ED.text	EF030A01E44CFFDE23A4FAAFFC8840ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa tadshikistanica Muche 1986	<div><p>Hoplocampa tadshikistanica Muche, 1986</p><p>Hoplocampa tadshikistanica Muche, 1986: 195–196 . Holotype ♂, examined, GBIF-GISHym2445, in ZMHUB. Type local- ity: Tadshik SSR, Hissar Mountains, Romit Gorge.</p><p>Note. A slide preparation of two lancets and a lance, with the handwritten inscription by Muche “ Hoplocampa tadshikistanica Muche Holotypus ♀ ” and a printed label “GBIF-GISHym2445” obviously does not belong to the male holotype.</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 2.3–3.0mm (after Muche 1986). Clypeus widely and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour orange-brown. Head largely pale. Dorsum of thorax and abdomen largely black (terga 1–8); sides and underside pale except for dark anepimeron. Legs pale except for clearly blackened metatarsi and apices of metatibiae; in female other legs more or less similarly dark. Venation pale, except for slightly darkened base of pterostigma. Female: somewhat darker than the male. Black on head are small patch around ocelli, the postocellar area, and antenna more or less dorsally and apically. Dorsum of thorax entirely dark, except for yellow tegulae and nearly entire pronotum. Apex of valvula 3 darkened. Valvulae 3 in dorsal view less than 2 × as long as basal width. Lancet: Fig. 86. Male: Head entirely pale except for small ocellar fleck. Mesoscutal lobes laterally slightly pale; posterior edge of mesoscutellum somewhat pale. Penis valve: Fig. 104.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 3.</p><p>Similar species. Externally, the most similar species is crataegi . Males of tadshikistanica are easily distinguished by their darkened metatarsi and apices of metatibiae from crataegi, with completely pale legs. Lancets of these two species are quite similar, but the sawteeth of crataegi (Fig. 79) are more acutely hooked, with a larger number of serrulae. We have not examined tadshikistanica penis valves, but if the drawing by Muche (1986, fig. 1) (reproduced here as Fig. 104) is accurate, then they are clearly different from those of any of the other species which we treat.</p><p>Life history. Host plant: perhaps Cotoneaster, from which the type series was collected.</p><p>Distribution. Tadshikistan (only known from the type series).</p><p>Specimens examined. Tadshikistan: 1♀ (DEI-GISHym31786) 1♂ (DEI-GISHym31787), Hissar Mts, Romit Gorge, 1600m asl, 14.05.1985, leg. W. H. Muche (ZMHUB) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E44CFFDE23A4FAAFFC8840ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
EF030A01E44DFFDE23A4FE6BFB1B4766.text	EF030A01E44DFFDE23A4FE6BFB1B4766.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hoplocampa testudinea (Klug 1816)	<div><p>Hoplocampa testudinea (Klug, 1816)</p><p>Tenthredo (Allantus) testudinea Klug, 1816: 60 . Holotype “ ♀ ” (recte ♂, GBIF-GISHym2459 https://doi.org/10.6084/ m9.figshare.4772152), in ZMHUB. Type locality: Gartz (Germany).</p><p>Additional description. Body length: 6.0–8.0mm. Clypeus narrowly and deeply emarginate. Pale body colour orange-brown. Wing venation black, except for extreme bases of wings, and pale pterostigma apex. Legs entirely pale. Female: Valvula 3 black. Lancet: Fig. 87. Male: penis valve: Fig. 106.</p><p>Total number of specimens examined: 21.</p><p>Similar species. Most closely resembles Hoplocampa brevis, with which it shares the same hosts. See under brevis, above.</p><p>Life history. Host plants: Malus spp., particularly cultivated M. domestica (e.g. Boevé et al. 1996), but also M. sylvestris in semi-natural vegetation types (e.g. Liston, personal observations in southern Scotland). Mentions of M. pumila as a host (e.g. Burgart et al. 2016) seem to involve cultivated varieties more usually referred to as M. domestica . Pyrus communis is apparently a rarely used, secondary host (Stritt 1943). Biology: Miles (1932), Velbinger (1939), Roberti (1948b), Boevé et al. (1997), Lennartsson (2012).</p><p>Distribution. Southern, Central and Northern Europe, including the British Isles; North to Denmark, Sweden, and Finland (Taeger et al. 2006), with a single Norwegian record from Oslo (Velbinger 1939); Caucasus (Zhelochovtsev &amp; Zinovjev 1995), Turkey, Transcaucasus, introduced to North America (Lacourt 1999). In contrast to brevis, testudinea reaches higher levels of abundance in cooler, more northern regions (Velbinger 1939).</p><p>Occurrence in Sweden: published records: Skåne (Thomson 1871, Neupane 2013), Småland (Velbinger 1939), Västmanland (Thomsen 1929), Gästrikland (Gävle, ca. 60.7°N) (Lindblom 1938). In recent years, testudinea has caused serious damage to organically-grown apple crops in many countries, including Sweden (Sjöberg et al. 2015).</p><p>Material examined: Skåne, Östergötland, Uppland.</p><p>Specimens examined. Germany: 9♀ 7♂, 01.05–16.06; Baden-Wuerttemberg; Bavaria; Brandenburg (DEI-GISHym11132, 31790); Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; Saxony (SDEI, ZSM) . * Greece: 1♀ 1♂ (DEI-GIS- Hym 83547), Platania, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.16&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.16/lat 39.8)">Volos</a>, 350 m asl, + 39.80000°N + 23.16000°E, 21.04.2010 and 17.04.2010, leg. K. Stand- fuss (SDEI) . Sweden: Uppland; 1♀ (NHRS-HEVA000003422), Stockholm, Experimentalfältet, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.0551&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=59.3682" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.0551/lat 59.3682)">Norra</a> Djurgår- den, + 59.36820°N + 18.05510°E, 20.05.1917, leg. Tullgren (NHRS) . Switzerland: 1♀ (ZSM) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF030A01E44DFFDE23A4FE6BFB1B4766	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liston, Andrew;Prous, Marko;Vårdal, Hege	Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege (2019): A review of West Palaearctic Hoplocampa species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Zootaxa 4615 (1): 1-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4615.1.1
