taxonID	type	description	language	source
44F77C3A85785D3F860B64ECFF1C7095.taxon	description	Figs 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
44F77C3A85785D3F860B64ECFF1C7095.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species, C. chilensis, can be readily distinguished from C. rostrata by its much shorter ocular process. Furthermore, it possesses a notch on tarsus I and six tarsomeres on leg II (males), whereas C. rostrata exhibits seven tarsomeres on the same leg.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
44F77C3A85785D3F860B64ECFF1C7095.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina: Provinces of Neuquén and Río Negro. Chile, Metropolitan Region of Santiago, O’Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Bío-Bío, Araucanía, Los Ríos, and Los Lagos (Fig. 4 C).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
4AB2C1DCFD5E5048966BFC9B952A2480.taxon	description	Figs 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
4AB2C1DCFD5E5048966BFC9B952A2480.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. It is distinguished from all other South American Triaenonychidae by the unique morphology of the male genitalia, characterized by a capsula externa that covers nearly the entire capsula interna, with a small apical cleft. The external morphology, particularly the presence of a small curved apophysis in the ocularium, allows for differentiation from other South American triaenonychid genera, although it bears resemblance to the Australian genus Calliuncus, which forms part of Clade C.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
4AB2C1DCFD5E5048966BFC9B952A2480.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina: Neuquén, Río Negro. Chile, Metropolitan Region of Santiago, O’Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Bío-Bío, Araucanía, Los Ríos, Los Lagos, and Aysén Regions (Fig. 4 C).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
053E6B73585055FC9197B03F9BDD990D.taxon	description	Figs 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
053E6B73585055FC9197B03F9BDD990D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be readily distinguished from C. chilensis by the prominent interocular apophysis, which is notably longer in C. rostrata. Additionally, C. rostrata possesses seven tarsomeres on leg II (males), whereas C. chilensis has six. These characteristics serve as key distinguishing features between the two species.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
053E6B73585055FC9197B03F9BDD990D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Los Lagos and Aysén Regions (Fig. 4 C).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F4E975D9DD0C5C9FA57E5B46ADB439DE.taxon	description	Figs 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F4E975D9DD0C5C9FA57E5B46ADB439DE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The term “ conica ” refers to the shape of the ocularium, which is conical and lacks an apophysis. The specific epithet was also a name “ in schedula ” by the late Dr. Emilio Maury that labeled the specimens. Maury early recognized this species as a new but never published. We keep the Maury’s specific name to maintain the name preference of the researcher who first recognized this species as new.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F4E975D9DD0C5C9FA57E5B46ADB439DE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The conical ocularium, without acute apophysis, clearly distinguishes this species from others in the genus. There is only one row of tubercles on the anterior region of the dorsal scutum. The apical section of the tubular capsula interna is subtriangular.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F4E975D9DD0C5C9FA57E5B46ADB439DE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Coquimbo Region (Fig. 4 A).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F4E975D9DD0C5C9FA57E5B46ADB439DE.taxon	description	Description of male. Measurements: Total length 2.01, carapace length 0.78, dorsal scutum length 1.30, carapace max. width 1.05, mesotergum max. length 1.50. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Length of trochanter 0.13, length of femora 0.80, length of patella 0.46, length of tibia 0.53, length of tarsus 0.62. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.16, femora (fe) 0.16, patella (pa) 0.74, tibia (ti) 0.38, metatarsus (mt) 0.51, tarsus (ta) 0.62. II: tr 0.46, fe 0.22, pa 1.03, ti 0.41, mt 0.80, ta 0.98. III: tr 0.93, fe 0.19, pa 0.68, ti 0.36, mt 0.60, ta 0.67. IV: tr 0.62, fe 0.26, pa 1.04, ti 0.46, mt 0.80, ta 1.11. Dorsum (Fig. 5, 6). Eta (η) or hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum (Kury and Medrano 2016). Ocularium conical with a group of ~ 20 setiferous tubercles. Eyes located on the middle of the ocularium. Dorsal scutum microgranulate with a row of setiferous tubercles on each side of the ocularium, without clear delimitation of the mesotergal areas. Areas I – IV and posterior margin with seta, I with two, II and III with four, and IV and posterior margin with six. All free tergites bear a row of small, setiferous, rounded granules. Chelicerae (Fig. 7 A, B). Segment I with few sparse setae. Segment II with three small frontal tubercles and sparse setae. Pedipalps (Fig. 7 C, D). Trochanter with long ventral and dorsal spines. Femora bearing a remarkable ventral-proximal subtriangular spine with long subdistal setae; a row of four ventral spines, with subdistal setae and six dorsal small spines with setae. Patella bearing a notable mesal spine with long setae. There are two rows of small setiferous tubercles on the dorsal patella-tarsus. Tibia shows a ventral row of four long spines. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal setiferous spines. Legs (Fig. 8). Coxa I with two rows of setiferous tubercles, the distal one with a subdistal setae. II – IV are microgranulate, with four bridges between the legs II and III, 6 – 8 bridges between the legs III and IV, seven between the leg IV and the opisthosoma. Spiracles not covered by bridges. The smooth surface represents <¼ of coxa and leg III. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs I – IV covered in setae, tarsal area and calcaneus are also setose. Trochanter I with small ventral granules. Femora I with a row of nine dorsal and ventral setiferous tubercles. Calcaneus is shorter than astragalus (7 × shorter in leg I, 8 × in II, 13 × in III, 15 × in IV). Tarsal count 3 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 9, 10). Pars distalis has a large ventral plate with a cleft separating the plate into two lamellae. Each one bears three acute macrosetae on the ventral surface and one acute macroseta on the dorsal surface. Capsula externa is cleft and covers the dorsal and lateral surfaces. The Capsula interna is tubular with an apical subtriangular portion. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 1.91, length of carapace 0.76, length of dorsal scutum 1.29, max. width of carapace 1.04, max. width of mesotergum 1.47. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Length of trochanter 0.20, length of femora 0.76, length of patella 0.43, length of tibia 0.63, length of tarsus 0.56. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.26, femora (fe) 0.88, patella (pa) 0.38, tibia (ti) 0.56, metatarsus (mt) 0.64, tarsus (ta) 0.384. II: tr 0.23, fe 1.14, pa 0.53, ti 0.84, mt 0.90, ta 0.73. III: tr 0.22, fe 0.88, pa 0.36, ti 0.69, mt 0.88, ta 0.43. iv: tr 0.23, fe 1.07, pa 0.49, ti 0.95, mt 1.26, ta 0.61.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
0FDE685782E9547BAFDCF6658E7A65CB.taxon	description	Figs 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
0FDE685782E9547BAFDCF6658E7A65CB.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet fray, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality of the species, Bosque Fray Jorge National Park.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
0FDE685782E9547BAFDCF6658E7A65CB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from the other species of the genus by its small size (<2 mm long), conical ocularium, with an apophysis at an angle of 45 °.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
0FDE685782E9547BAFDCF6658E7A65CB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile, Coquimbo Region (Fig. 4 A).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
0FDE685782E9547BAFDCF6658E7A65CB.taxon	description	Description of male. Measurements: Total length 1.81, carapace length 0.69, dorsal scutum length 1.47, carapace max. width 1.14, mesotergum max. length 1.49. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Length of trochanter 0.13, length of femora 0.80, length of patella 0.46, length of tibia 0.53, length of tarsus 0.62. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.16, femora (fe) 0.74, patella (pa) 0.38, tibia (ti) 0.51, metatarsus (mt) 0.62, tarsus (ta) 0.46. II: tr 0.22, fe 1.03, pa 0.41, ti 0.80, mt 0.98, ta 0.93. III: tr 0.19, fe 0.68, pa 0.36, ti 0.60, mt 0.67, ta 0.62. IV: tr 0.26, fe 1.04, pa 0.46, ti 0.80, mt 1.11, ta 0.57. Dorsum (Fig. 11, 12). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium conical, with a small, forward-pointing apical spine and small setae. Eyes located on the distal region of the ocularium. Dorsal scutum microgranulate with no clear area delimitation. Areas I – III with two small setiferous granules, IV with three, posterior margin with a row of small setiferous granules. All free tergites with a row of small setiferous granules. Chelicerae (Fig. 13 A, B). Segment I characterized by a smooth surface without any prominent tubercles or setae. In contrast, segment II with a small frontal tubercle and covered in setae. Segment II with more pronounced texture and setal coverage compared to the smooth surface of segment I. Pedipalps (Fig. 13 C, D). Trochanter with a dorsal and a ventral spine, both with setae. Femora with a row of four dorsal spines with subdistal setae, a row of five ventral spines with setae, the proximal one with a subtriangular shape; two dorsal and distal tubercles with setae, a row of five small mesal tubercles with setae, and three small distal tubercles with setae. Patella with two rows of three tubercles with setae, two small mesal tubercles with setae, and few ventral granules. Tibia with four ectal and mesal spines with subdistal setae; three ventral tubercles with setae and two rows of 4 – 5 granules with setae on the dorsal surface. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines with subdistal setae, as well as few setae and granules. Legs (Fig. 14). Coxa I bearing small setiferous tubercles and a row of three long tubercles with subdistal setae; II – IV with microgranulation, bearing 4 – 6 bridges between legs II and III, five or six between III and IV, six or seven between leg IV and the opisthosoma. Spiracles not visible. Smooth area occupies 1 / 3 of the leg II, almost ½ of III, and only a small proximal portion of the leg IV. Smooth area of leg II with five small setiferous tubercles, III with a row of four and an anterior process directed to the sternum. Sternum arrow-shaped, with a triangular posterior area. Leg I trochanter with three small ventral setiferous tubercles and one dorsal tubercle. Femora of leg I with a row of seven setiferous tubercles and a dorsal row of small setiferous tubercles. Tibia of leg I with 3 – 4 ventral tubercles with setae. Legs II – IV covered in setae, with the tarsus and calcaneus area densely covered in setae. Calcaneus smaller than astragalus, ≥ 4 × smaller in leg I, 5 × smaller in leg II, 8 × smaller in leg III, and 7 × smaller in leg IV. These differences in size ratios between the calcaneus and astragalus serve as distinguishing characteristics among the legs of this species. Tarsal count 3 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 15, 16). Pars distalis with a ventral plate and a prominent cleft that divides the plate into two lamellae. Each lamella is equipped with three macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface. Capsula externa nearly as long as the capsula interna, having a notch that divides the capsula externa into two halves. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 1.54, length of carapace 0.61, length of dorsal scutum 1.31, max. width of carapace 0.96, max. width of mesotergum 1.35. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Length of trochanter 0.11. Length of femora 0.58, length of patella 0.37, length of tibia 0.45, length of tarsus 0.46. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.18, femora (fe) 0.62, patella (pa) 0.33, tibia (ti) 0.46, metatarsus (mt) 0.53, tarsus (ta) 0.42. II: tr 0.18, fe 0.88, pa 0.34, ti 0.71, mt 0.84, ta 0.86. III: tr 0.18, fe 0.62, pa 0.26, ti 0.53, mt 0.68, ta 0.49. IV: tr 0.21, fe 0.80, pa 0.37, ti 0.73, mt 0.98, ta 0.57.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F531F20A176D5008A940D44A8E7FEE3B.taxon	description	Figs 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F531F20A176D5008A940D44A8E7FEE3B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Patronym after the late Argentine arachnologist Emilio Maury, in honor of his contributions to the study of the Triaenonychidae (and Opiliones in general) of South America’s Southern Cone.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F531F20A176D5008A940D44A8E7FEE3B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The prominent interocular apophysis, the carapace densely covered with rounded tubercles, the long tubercles of the mesotergum, the long drop-shaped genital operculum, the ectal-distal process of cheliceral segment II, and the hypertelic genitalia distinguish this species from all its congeners.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F531F20A176D5008A940D44A8E7FEE3B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Araucanía Region (Fig. 4 A).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F531F20A176D5008A940D44A8E7FEE3B.taxon	description	Description of male. Measurements: Total length 2.93, carapace length 0.97, dorsal scutum length 1.99, carapace max. width 1.40, mesotergum max. width 1.81. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.14, femora length 0.87, patella length 0.61, tibia length 0.66, tarsus length 0.56. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.25, femora (fe) 0.97, patella (pa) 0.42, tibia (ti) 0.73, metatarsus (mt) 0.90, tarsus (ta) 0.55. II: tr 0.29, fe 1.36, pa 0.43, ti 0.94, mt 1.55, ta 1.00. III: tr 0.28, fe 1.00, pa 0.41, ti 0.82, mt 1.24, ta 0.60. IV: tr 0.26, fe 1.33, pa 0.49, ti 1.11, mt 1.85, ta 0.72. Dorsum (Fig. 17, 18). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium raised, with a long backward-bending apophysis between the eyes, covered with rounded tubercles and with few setae on the apophysis. Carapace densely covered in rounded tubercles, mesotergum with areas delimited by strong tubercles. Areas I and II with straight rows of four and five setiferous tubercles, respectively, and III and IV with a row of eight setiferous tubercles (the two central ones are stronger than others). Posterior margin with a row of 12 – 14 setiferous tubercles. Free tergites with a row of setiferous tubercles similar to the posterior margin of the dorsal scutum. Chelicerae (Fig. 19 A, B). Segment I with a small, granulated area on the dorso-distal surface and two ventral granules. Segment II with an ectal-distal process that bears a few setae. Pedipalps (Fig. 19 C, D). Trochanter with three small dorsal granules, and two ventral and a small dorsal tubercle. Granules cover the femora, patella, tibia, and tarsus. Femora with a row of five spines with one subdistal seta, the proximal one bifurcated. Patella with three mesal spines and one ectal spine with subdistal setae. Tibia with four ectal and mesal spines with subdistal setae. Tarsus with three ectal and mesal spines with subdistal setae. Legs (Fig. 20). Coxae I – IV bearing small setiferous tubercles, leg I with three long subdistal setiferous tubercles, the distal one forked at its terminal end. Spiracles visible. A smooth area occupies ¼ of legs II (which has a tubercle with subdistal seta) and III. The drop-shaped genital operculum is larger than all species of the genus. Opisthosomal sternites with a row of small setiferous tubercles. Sternum reduced due to the large size of the genital operculum. Legs I – IV covered in setae; tarsal area and calcaneus densely covered in setae. Trochanter I with a small ventral tubercle. Tibia I with three proximal tubercles with setae, II – IV with sparse ventral granules. Calcaneus smaller than astragalus, ≥ 7 × smaller in legs I, 9 × (II), 8 × (III), and 11 × (IV). Tarsal count: 3 – 7 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 21, 22). Pars distalis has a ventral plate with a notch that divides the plate into two halves, each with six long ventral macrosetae and one dorsal macroseta, a capsula externa shorter than the capsula interna, divided into two halves, and a finger-like apical region. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora and reduced genital operculum. Female measurements. Total length 2.67, carapace length 0.80, dorsal scutum length 1.65, carapace max. width 1.25, mesotergum max. width 1.74. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.13, femora length 0.78, patella length 0.45, tibia length 0.56, tarsus length 0.53. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.19, femora (fe) 0.83, patella (pa) 0.35, tibia (ti) 0.66, metatarsus (mt) 0.80, tarsus (ta) 0.48. II: tr 0.27, fe 1.26, pa 0.43, ti 1.03, mt 1.45, ta 0.86. III: tr 0.23, fe 0.96, pa 0.38, ti 0.82, mt 1.15, ta 0.52. IV: tr 0.24, fe 1.29, pa 0.42, ti 1.04, mt 1.56, ta 0.64.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B49E9E1934905323AF1007D1C6B622A0.taxon	description	Figs 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B49E9E1934905323AF1007D1C6B622A0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name derives from the species' distribution locality, Pichicuy, located in the commune of La Ligua, Petorca province, Chile. Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B49E9E1934905323AF1007D1C6B622A0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from the other species in the genus by its conical forward-facing ocularium, with a 45 ° angled process. Dorsal scutum only covered in small granules. Capsula interna with digitiform structures on the apical portion. Genitalia similar to that of F. fray, slightly longer and with variations in the surface of the ventral plate and apex of the capsula interna with longer projections.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B49E9E1934905323AF1007D1C6B622A0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Valparaíso Region, Petorca Province (Fig. 4 A).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B49E9E1934905323AF1007D1C6B622A0.taxon	description	Description of male. Measurements: Total length 2.01, carapace length 0.64, dorsal scutum length 1.37, carapace max. width 1.03, mesotergum max. width 1.42. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.17, femora length 0.76, patella length 0.44, tibia length 0.67, tarsus length 0.54. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.16, femora (fe) 0.75, patella (pa) 0.36, tibia (ti) 0.51, metatarsus (mt) 0.54, tarsus (ta) 0.55. II: tr 0.19, fe 0.94, pa 0.39, ti 0.79, mt 0.87, ta 1.11. III: tr 0.24, fe 0.72, pa 0.26, ti 0.34, mt 0.65, ta 0.62. IV: tr 0.18, fe 0.99, pa 0.43, ti 0.82, mt 1.03, ta 0.71. Dorsum (Fig. 23, 24). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Conical ocularium, forward-looking, with a small forward-pointing apical spine and two dorsal rows of small setiferous tubercles. Eyes located high. Dorsal scutum microgranulate, without clear delimitation of areas. Areas I – IV with four, six, eight, and ~ 17 small rounded setiferous tubercles with setae, respectively. Posterior border and free tergites with a row of small rounded setiferous tubercles. All free tergites with a row of small setiferous granules. Chelicerae (Fig. 25 A, B). Segment I smooth; segment II with setae and sparse granules. Pedipalps (Fig. 25 C, D). Trochanter smooth. Femora with a row of six dorsal spines with subdistal setae, a row of four ventral spines with setae interspersed by small tubercles with subdistal setae, the proximal one subtriangular in shape, a row of four small mesal granules with setae, and a small distal tubercle with mushroom-shaped tubercles. Patella covered in small tubercles with setae on the dorsal surface, with two small mesal setiferous tubercles. Tibia with four ectal and mesal spines with subdistal setae, nine ventral granules with setae, and dorsal surface covered in small tubercles with setae. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines, as well as a few setae and granules. Legs (Fig. 26). Coxa I with small setiferous tubercles and a row of three long tubercles with subdistal setae, coxae II – IV microgranulate, bearing five or six bridges between legs II and III, eight between III and IV, 6 – 8 between leg IV and opisthosoma. Spiracles not visible. Smooth area occupies 1 / 3 of leg II, almost ½ of III, and only a small proximal portion of IV. Smooth area II with five small setiferous tubercles, III with eight small setiferous tubercles. Opisthosomal sternites III with four small setiferous tubercles on each side, IV with three small setiferous tubercles on each side, and V with an anterior row of small setiferous tubercles and a posterior row of rounded setiferous tubercles. Anal plate covered in small setiferous tubercles. Trochanter I with three small ventral and one dorsal setiferous tubercle; tibia I with a row of five tubercles with setae and a dorsal row of small setiferous tubercles; femora III with ~ 20 small setiferous tubercles. Legs II – IV covered in setae, tarsal area, and calcaneus densely setose. Calcaneus smaller than astragalus, ≥ 5 × smaller in legs I, 6 × (II), 7 × (III) and 10 × (IV). Tarsal count 3 – 9 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 27, 28). Pars distalis with a ventral plate bearing a cleft dividing the plate into two halves. Ventral surface of each half with three macrosetae and dorsal surface with one macroseta; ventral plate covered in scale-like structures. Capsula externa shorter than capsula interna, having a notch that divides the capsula externa into two halves. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 1.93, carapace length 0.60, dorsal scutum length 1.34, carapace max. width 1.07, mesotergum max. width 1.45. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.15. Femora length 0.65, patella length 0.34, tibia length 0.53, tarsus length 0.49. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.15, femora (fe) 0.62, patella (pa) 0.34, tibia (ti) 0.51, metatarsus (mt) 0.53, tarsus (ta) 0.50. II: tr 0.18, fe 0.79, pa 0.37, ti 0.70, mt 0.81, ta 1.03. III: tr 0.18, fe 0.68, pa 0.31, ti 0.57, mt 0.67, ta 0.49. IV: tr 0.20, fe 0.94, pa 0.36, ti 0.72, mt 0.87, ta 0.62.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
BF683A71A2C058C68A36B56B81A4031A.taxon	description	Figs 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
BF683A71A2C058C68A36B56B81A4031A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The genus name Fresiax is a combination of “ Fresia, ” the name of the wife of Mapuche’s military leader Caupolicán, and the Greek word ὄνυξ (onyx = nail, claw), which is part of the generic name Triaenonyx, the type genus of the family Triaenonychidae. The genus name Fresiax is feminine.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
BF683A71A2C058C68A36B56B81A4031A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The male genitalia of Fresiax exhibits a pars distalis considerably reduced (as in F. mauryi sp. nov.), a ventral plate longer than the capsula externa (as in F. conica sp. nov.), and a capsula externa divided into two lamellae, a character that distinguishes it from any other triaenonychid genus. Additionally, the pedipalp femora possesses at least three dorsal and four ventral spines.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
BF683A71A2C058C68A36B56B81A4031A.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Nuncia spinulosa Maury, 1990	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
BF683A71A2C058C68A36B56B81A4031A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina: Río Negro Province. Chile: Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Araucanía, Los Ríos, Los Lagos (Fig. 4 A).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B6DE539A13465A82BAE978A91E1F89FD.taxon	description	Figs 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B6DE539A13465A82BAE978A91E1F89FD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from the other species in the genus by its long interocular apophysis (not as long as in F. mauryi), the long mesotergal tubercles, and the penis with longer ventral plate than other species in the genus.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B6DE539A13465A82BAE978A91E1F89FD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina: Provinces of Neuquén and Río Negro. Chile: Regions of Araucanía, Los Ríos, and Los Lagos (Fig. 4 A).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B6DE539A13465A82BAE978A91E1F89FD.taxon	description	Description of male. Measurements: Total length 3.29, carapace length 0.77, dorsal scutum 2.22 length. max. width of the carapace 1.72. max. width of the mesotergum 2.01. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.28, femora length 1.27, patella length 0.64, tibia length 1.05, tarsus length 0.95. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.30, femora (fe) 1.13, patella (pa) 0.58, tibia (ti) 0.92, metatarsus (mt) 1.03, tarsus (ta) 0.76. II: tr 0.34, fe 1.71, pa 0.63, ti 1.47, mt 1.75, ta 1.55. III: tr 0.36, fe 1.17, pa 0.51, ti 1.13, mt 1.44, ta 0.97. IV: tr 0.41, fe 1.56, pa 0.71, ti 1.47, mt 1.98, ta 1.10. Dorsum (Fig. 29, 30). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium elevated, accompanied by a long apophysis located between the eyes. Additionally, there are two dorsal rows of setae present in the ocularium. Carapace with fine microgranulation, small tubercles located on each side of the ocular region. A group of five small tubercles can be observed near leg I. Mesotergum with fine microgranulation and features areas that are delineated by prominent tubercles. These tubercles create triangular patterns on the dorsal surface of the mesotergum. Areas I – IV with rows of three, nine, ten, and 12 setiferous tubercles, respectively. The two central tubercles of rows II and III more robust than the others. Posterior margin of the mesotergum with a row of 16 setiferous tubercles. Free tergites, similarly to the posterior margin of the dorsal scutum, display a row of setiferous tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 31 A, B). Segment I with two ventral granules and a tiny granule on the dorso-distal surface. Segment two with small granules. Pedipalps (Fig. 31 C, D). The pedipalps exhibit several distinctive features. Trochanter of the pedipalp possesses one ventral and three small dorsal setiferous tubercles. Femora and tibia covered with granules, visible in both dorsal and ectal views. Femora of the pedipalp particularly notable, with a series of six ventral spines with subdistal setae. Proximal process subtriangular in shape, while the fourth and sixth spines are smaller compared to the others. On the mesal surface of the femora, a row of small tubercles of varying sizes can be observed. Additionally, three small distal tubercles with setae and 6 – 8 granules are present. Dorsal surface of the femora with a row of six spines with subdistal setae. Patella with two mesal and one ectal small spines, each adorned with subdistal setae. In ventral view, tibia displays four ectal and mesal spines with subdistal setae, with a row of setiferous granules. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal tubercles, all covered in subdistal setae. Legs (Fig. 32). Legs I to IV characterized by short setiferous tubercles. Leg I with three long tubercles with subdistal setae. Legs II and III are connected by four or five bridges, while leg IV is connected to the opisthosoma by 6 – 8 bridges. Spiracles not covered by these bridges. The smooth surface occupies <¼ of leg IV, indicating the presence of microgranulation or other textural variations. Legs II and III each with ~ 1 / 3 of their surfaces covered in a row of four small tubercles. Leg II with seven small tubercles. On the opisthosomal sternites, a row of tiny setiferous tubercles can be observed. Sternum arrow-shaped, with a triangular-shaped posterior. Femora I – IV bearing small setiferous tubercles, metatarsus I with a distal notch. Penis (Figs 33, 34). Pars distalis with a ventral plate that bears a groove dividing it into two long lamellae. Each lamella has three small macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface, and the ventral plate is composed of scale-like structures. Capsula externa shorter than capsula interna, with a groove dividing the dorsal fold into two halves. Capsula interna with apical projections on the ventral view. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 3.10, carapace length 0.94, dorsal scutum length 2.00, carapace max. width 1.48, mesotergum max. width 1.95. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.21, femora length 1.00, patella length 0.61, tibia length 0.74, tarsus length 0.80. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.28, femora (fe) 1.02, patella (pa) 0.48, tibia (ti) 0.84, metatarsus (mt) 0.95, tarsus (ta) 0.68. II: tr 0.34, fe 1.55, pa 0.59, ti 1.37, mt 1.54, ta 1.34. III: tr 0.31, fe 1.16, pa 0.48, ti 0.93, mt 1.26, ta 0.78. IV: tr 0.38, fe 1.42, pa 0.61, ti 1.31, mt 1.79, ta 1.02.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
166B4133778F59B693CA84E45B606F49.taxon	description	Figs 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
166B4133778F59B693CA84E45B606F49.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet derives from Laftrache (which in Mapudungun, Mapuche Language, means “ little people ”) also known as Caftranche, a mythical being present in Mapuche mythology. Feminine grammatical gender.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
166B4133778F59B693CA84E45B606F49.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This monotypic genus is characterized by its small size, yellow-orange coloration, a prominent ectal-distal process on the pedipalp femora, a low ocularium, and distinct male genital morphology. The male genitalia exhibits an arc-shaped ventral plate and a pair of parallel projections within the capsula interna. These distinguishing features differentiate it from other genera within the family Triaenonychidae.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
166B4133778F59B693CA84E45B606F49.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Laftrachia robin sp. nov.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
166B4133778F59B693CA84E45B606F49.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Bío-Bío Region (Fig. 4 D).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
92AB55C3DB385504948BE79606D4AB65.taxon	description	Figs 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
92AB55C3DB385504948BE79606D4AB65.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name, a noun in apposition, is a reference to the DC comics character “ Robin ” (https: // www. dccomics. com / characters / robin). The black pigmentation in the eye region of the species is similar to the mask used by the character in his appearances.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
92AB55C3DB385504948BE79606D4AB65.taxon	description	Description of male. Measurements: Total length 1.65, carapace length 0.66, dorsal scutum length 1.28, max. carapace width 0.87, max. dorsal scutum width 1.14. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.18, femora length 0.88, patella length 0.30, tibia length 0.51, tarsus length 0.50. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.16, femora (fe) 0.56, patella (pa) 0.29, tibia (ti) 0.42, metatarsus (mt) 0.37, tarsus (ta) 0.46. II: tr 0.17, fe 0.75, pa 0.32, ti 0.53, mt 0.82, ta 0.57. III: tr 0.18, fe 0.51, pa 0.21, ti 0.27, mt 0.44, ta 0.50. IV: tr 0.22, fe 0.69, pa 0.39, ti 0.57, mt 0.67, ta 0.73. Dorsum (Fig. 56, 57). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low, lacking a medial spine. Carapace covering ~ ½ of the dorsal scutum, displaying furrows on the posterior area and distinct lateral edges. Free tergites with a smooth surface. Chelicerae (Fig. 58 A, B). Segment I characterized by the presence of five ventral tubercles and three dorsal tubercles, all adorned with subdistal setae. Segment II with a total of 11 ectal tubercles, five mesal tubercles, and approximately seven frontal tubercles. Pedipalps (Fig. 58 C, D). Trochanter with a dorsal tubercle. Femora with a row of four ventral tubercles, a row of dorsal tubercles adorned with subdistal setae, and a long distal ectal apophysis. Patella with a pair of small ventral tubercles with setae. Tibia with two ventral rows of tubercles, with three small tubercles and two setiferous tubercles on the mesal side, and a row of six small setiferous tubercles on the ectal side. Tarsus equipped with three tubercles featuring ectal and mesal subdistal setae. Legs (Fig. 59). Coxa I with four small proximal tubercles, one medial tubercle with subdistal setae, and three distal tubercles (two small and one with subdistal seta). Coxa II with scattered small tubercles with setae. Coxae III and IV smooth, while the cerotegument covers the distal portion of leg III and almost the entire leg IV. Bridge is present. Spiracles visible. Sternum arrow-shaped. Trochanter of leg I and femora of legs I and II covered in small tubercles with setae. Tibia of leg IV covered with small tubercles with setae. Metatarsus-tarsus of all legs densely setose. Tarsus occupies almost the entire length of metatarsus. Tarsal count: 3 – 4 – 3 – 4. Penis (Figs 60, 61). Pars distalis with an arcuate ventral plate without a cleft, characterized by three ventral and one dorsal macrosetae each side. Capsula externa shorter than capsula interna and with a dorsal cleft that divides it into two dorsal halves. Additionally, there are lateral folds present on each side, and a dorsolateral plate surrounds the capsula externa. Capsula interna trifid, with two lateral processes running parallel to stylus. Stylus membranous and shaped like an inflatable bag. Female. Similar to male, but with certain differences: pedipalps are shorter, lacks ectal-distal apophysis present on pedipalp femora of male. Female measurements. Total length 1.75, carapace length 0.71, dorsal scutum length 1.46, carapace max. width 0.84, mesotergum max. width 1.23. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.17, femora length 0.63, patella length 0.34, tibia length 0.46, tarsus length 0.45. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.12, femora (fe) 0.57, patella (pa) 0.31, tibia (ti) 0.38, metatarsus (mt) 0.48, tarsus (ta) 0.44. II: tr 0.17, fe 0.80, pa 0.35, ti 0.51, mt 0.77, ta 0.80. III: tr 0.18, fe 0.47, pa 0.25, ti 0.32, mt 0.44, ta 0.50. IV: tr 0.22, fe 0.72, pa 0.38, ti 0.53, mt 0.66, ta 0.60.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
22326C2D3A435539A90BA62AF2AE2269.taxon	description	Figs 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
22326C2D3A435539A90BA62AF2AE2269.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ ceachei ” is derived from the chanted cry “ ceacheí, ” commonly used during sporting events to cheer on Chilean representatives. This Chileanism is created by combining the initial letters of the word “ Chile. ” The epithet serves as noun in apposition, highlighting the connection to Chilean representation and support.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
22326C2D3A435539A90BA62AF2AE2269.taxon	description	Description of male. Measurements: Total length 2.49. Carapace length 1.14, dorsal scutum length 2.20, carapace max. width 1.63, mesotergum max. width 2.45. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.30, femora length 0.90, patella length 0.60, tibia length 0.71, tarsus length 0.70. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.27, femora (fe) 0.95, patella (pa) 0.54, tibia (ti) 0.83, metatarsus (mt) 1.08, tarsus (ta) 0.61 II: tr 0.32, fe 1.42, pa 0.61, ti 1.10, mt 1.36, ta 0.61. III: tr 0.38, fe 0.95, pa 0.54, ti 0.81, mt 1.02, ta 0.73. IV: tr 0.39, fe 1.41, pa 0.73, ti 1.16, mt 1.49, ta 0.87. Dorsum (Fig. 62, 63). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum, characterized by its distinctive form. Ocularium low and rounded, with an acute small apophysis. Both the dorsal scutum and free tergites covered with microgranulation, providing a textured surface. Mesotergal areas without clear separation but with small setiferous tubercles, with a stronger presence in the mesotergum and free tergites. Chelicerae (Fig. 64 A, B). Segment I of with a sharp spine on the dorso-distal surface, with three small ventral-proximal tubercles. Segment II with scattered setae in both ectal and ventral views, and in front view, with a triangular tubercle that stands out from the others. Pedipalps (Fig. 64 C, D). Trochanter with a small dorsal and a ventral tubercle. Femora with two parallel rows of dorso-mesal tubercles, with three ventral spines and a few setiferous tubercles. Patella with a mesal tubercle. Tibia with three ventral-ectal spines, two ventral-mesal spines, and small scattered ventral tubercles. Legs (Fig. 65). Coxa I characterized by having 9 – 10 setiferous tubercles, the two apical ones being stronger and more prominent than the others. Coxa II with a higher number of setiferous tubercles, ranging from 20 to 25. Coxa III with 12 – 14 tubercles, while coxa IV has five or six small tubercles. Spiracles not obstructed. A smooth surface covers ~ 1 / 3 of leg II, ¾ of leg III, and <1 / 3 of leg IV. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs covered in small tubercles. Astragalus longer than the calcaneus on all legs. Tarsal count: 3 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 66, 67). Pars distalis with a ventral plate and a small cleft, dividing it into two lamellae. Each lamella with three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface. Capsula externa lower than the capsula interna, with a notch in the apical part, dividing into two lateral apical “ wings ”. With an additional dorsolateral plate. Capsula interna thin and laterally flattened, with a sharp apical area. Female. Similar to male but with shorter pedipalpal femora and a reduced interocular process. Female measurements: Total length 2.98. Carapace length 1.11, dorsal scutum length 2.39, carapace max. width 1.66, mesotergum max. width 2.46. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.33, femora length 1.09, patella length 0.53, tibia length 0.81, tarsus length 1.05. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.22, femora (fe) 1.09, patella (pa) 0.50, tibia (ti) 0.86, metatarsus (mt) 1.06, tarsus (ta) 0.63 II: tr 0.24, fe 1.42, pa 0.60, ti 1.12, mt 1.35, ta 1.17. III: tr 0.27, fe 1.06, pa 0.47, ti 0.86, mt 1.01, ta 0.62. IV: tr 0.37, fe 1.43, pa 0.72, ti 1.16, mt 1.42, ta 0.85.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
2CA5E4F6978B5D74A27638E0B8F72064.taxon	description	Figs 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
2CA5E4F6978B5D74A27638E0B8F72064.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The genus name honors Lautaro (Leftraru), a renowned toqui (Mapuche military leader) who played a significant role in the Arauco War during the early stages of the Spanish conquest of what is now Chile. The name is derived from Mapudungun, with “ lef ” meaning “ fast ” and “ traru ” or “ bald traro. ” The feminine grammatical gender is used for the generic epithet.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
2CA5E4F6978B5D74A27638E0B8F72064.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Lautaria can be distinguished from all other genera of Triaenonychidae by the unique male genital morphology (Fig. 66, 67). This includes a capsula externa with an apical region divided into two halves, forming a 90 ° angle in relation to the axis of the pars basalis. The external morphology exhibits striking similarities to the genus Chilenuncia, and other members of clade C.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
2CA5E4F6978B5D74A27638E0B8F72064.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Lautaria ceachei sp. nov.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
2CA5E4F6978B5D74A27638E0B8F72064.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Ñuble Region (Fig. 4 E).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
21C9A3A00B9D56C69A6B006ED064C10E.taxon	description	Figs 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
21C9A3A00B9D56C69A6B006ED064C10E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The generic epithet is a reference to the Chilean poet, diplomat, and educator Gabriela Mistral (1889 – 1957). Feminine grammatical gender.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
21C9A3A00B9D56C69A6B006ED064C10E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. It differs from all other genera in Triaenonychidae by the morphology of the male genitalia, where the capsula interna features a lateral plate formed by a projection of the pars basalis onto the pars distalis. The dorsal scutum is covered in sharp tubercles (M. ramirezi sp. nov.) or wart-shaped (M. verrucosa). Ocularium with an apical apophysis.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
21C9A3A00B9D56C69A6B006ED064C10E.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Nuncia verrucosa Maury, 1990	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
21C9A3A00B9D56C69A6B006ED064C10E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina: Neuquén, Río Negro. Chile, Regions: Bío-Bío, Los Lagos (Fig. 4 B).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
46F123B6812A5B26801AA17577DDFB0A.taxon	description	Figs 35, 36, 37	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
46F123B6812A5B26801AA17577DDFB0A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Patronym in honor to Argentine arachnologist, Martín Ramírez, esteemed colleague and friend, for his contributions to the field of spider taxonomy and systematics.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
46F123B6812A5B26801AA17577DDFB0A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from the other species in the genus by having sharp tubercles on the surface of the dorsal scute and by its unique genitalia, with a U-shaped capsula externa in dorsal view.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
46F123B6812A5B26801AA17577DDFB0A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Bío-Bío Region (Fig. 4 B).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
46F123B6812A5B26801AA17577DDFB0A.taxon	description	Description of male. Measurements: Total length 3.29, carapace length 0.77, dorsal scutum length 2.22, carapace max. width 1.72. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.28, femora length 1.27, patella length 0.64, tibia length 1.05, tarsus length 0.95. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.37, femora (fe) 0.30, patella (pa) 1.13, tibia (ti) 0.58, metatarsus (mt) 0.92, tarsus (ta) 1.03. II: tr 0.76, fe 0.34, pa 1.71, ti 0.63, mt 1.47, ta 1.75. III: tr 1.55, fe 0.36, pa 1.17, ti 0.51, mt 1.13, ta 1.44. IV: tr 0.97, fe 0.41, pa 1.56, ti 0.71, mt 1.47, ta 1.98. Dorsum (Fig. 35). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium elevated, with apophysis between eyes. Carapace smooth; mesotergum with areas delimited by tubercles. Areas I – IV characterized by two setiferous tubercles: posterior margin with a row of ca. 10 setiferous tubercles. Free tergites bear a row of setiferous tubercles, similar to those found on the posterior margin of the dorsal scutum. Chelicerae. Segment II with two prominent tubercles and few granules. Pedipalps. Femora and tibia covered with granules when viewed from dorsal and ectal perspectives. Femora with a row of three distinct ventral and dorsal spines. Patella with two mesal tubercles and one ectal tubercle, each accompanied by subdistal setae. In ventral view, tibia with four ectal and mesal spines with subdistal setae, as well as with a row of setiferous granules. Tarsus characterized by three mesal and ectal spines covered with subdistal setae. Legs (Fig. 35 D). Ventral surface: I – IV with small setiferous tubercles. Sternum arrow-shaped. Penis (Figs 36, 37). Pars distalis with a ventral plate divided into two lamellae by a small cleft. Each lamella on the ventral surface bears three tiny macrosetae, while the dorsal surface has one macroseta. Capsula externa with a U-shaped slit, shorter in length compared to the capsula interna, which is tubular in shape. Female. Unknown.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7AC2EBF5070D5DAAA45C249FB2FE7B9A.taxon	description	Figs 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7AC2EBF5070D5DAAA45C249FB2FE7B9A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be readily distinguished from other species within the genus by its distinctive ocularium with a prominent elongated process. The tubercles on the dorsal scutum are wart-like. The dorsal plate of the penis is divided into two elongated structures with small apical projections.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7AC2EBF5070D5DAAA45C249FB2FE7B9A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina: Provinces of Neuquén and Río Negro. Chile: Los Lagos Region (Fig. 4 B).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B030A9B5FD055DF9BB95EAE01433EE2D.taxon	description	Figs 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B030A9B5FD055DF9BB95EAE01433EE2D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species stands out from the others in the genus due to its sturdy capsula externa and distinctive “ T ” - shaped dorsal fold. The capsula externa apex is extremely delicate. It can also be differentiated from almost all species of the genus using somatic characters (except from N. cautin sp. nov. and N. jaimei sp. nov.) by having the dorsal scutum with a low, broad-based tubercles.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
B030A9B5FD055DF9BB95EAE01433EE2D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Los Lagos Region (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7B845AFCA114518DB53CDE8C09CA8986.taxon	description	Figs 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7B845AFCA114518DB53CDE8C09CA8986.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet cachai refers to a popular expression in Chile that is roughly translated to “ you know what I mean? ” “ am I right? ”, or “ get it? ”. It is derived from the English term “ to catch, ” which refers to catching but is also used to mean “ understanding or understanding something. ” Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7B845AFCA114518DB53CDE8C09CA8986.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from other species of the genus by its male genitalia, which exhibits a highly reduced ventral plate, with a stylus that is formed by a thin and slender tube.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7B845AFCA114518DB53CDE8C09CA8986.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Bío-Bío Region.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7B845AFCA114518DB53CDE8C09CA8986.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 2.26, carapace length 0.92, dorsal scutum length 1.84, carapace max. width 1.23, mesotergum max. width 1.70. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.23, femora length 0.91, patella length 0.44, tibia length 0.68, tarsus length 0.59. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.22, femora (fe) 1.10, patella (pa) 0.51, tibia (ti) 0.79, metatarsus (mt) 0.92, tarsus (ta) 0.92. II: tr 0.27, fe 1.33, pa 0.57, ti 1.00, mt 1.22, ta 1.45. III: tr 0.21, fe 0.91, pa 0.31, ti 0.73, mt 0.75, ta 0.74. IV: tr 0.32, fe 1.29, pa 0.59, ti 1.04, mt 1.30, ta 0.86. Dorsum (Fig. 74, 75). Eta (η) dorsal scutum in the shape of an hourglass. Ocularium low. Dorsal scutum microgranulate, with no clear delimitation of distinct areas. Areas III and IV with irregular rows of small rounded setiferous tubercles; posterior margin with a similar irregular row of small rounded setiferous tubercles. All free tergites covered in small setae and with a row of small rounded setiferous tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 76 A, B). Segment I with a small tubercle on its dorso-distal surface. Segment II with a small frontal tubercle and scattered setae. Pedipalps (Fig. 76 C, D). Trochanter characterized by the presence of two small dorsal tubercles and one ventral tubercle. In dorsal view, femora with three spines with subdistal setae; in ventral view, with five tubercles with subdistal setae, with four mesal setiferous tubercles and one ectal setiferous tubercle positioned beneath. Patella with both mesal and ectal setiferous tubercles. Tibia with three ectal and two mesal spines with subdistal setae. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines, accompanied by scattered setae. Legs (Fig. 77). Segments I and II with two rows of setiferous tubercles; segments III and IV microgranulate but without setiferous tubercles. With three bridges connecting legs II and III, six bridges between III and IV, and four bridges between leg IV and the opisthosoma. Distal bridge longer than the others. The bridges do not obstruct the spiracles. The smooth area occupies ~ ¼ of leg II, ¾ of leg III, and <1 / 3 of leg IV. Sternum arrow-shaped, with a triangular-shaped posterior margin. Legs I – IV covered with setae, the area of the tarsus and calcaneus are densely setose. Femora I – IV with a ventral row of setiferous granules. Calcaneus smaller than astragalus, ≥ 3 × smaller (legs I, III) of the same size (II) and 4 × smaller (leg IV). Tarsal count: 3 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 78, 79). Pars distalis with a small ventral plate divided into two distinct small lamellae by a central cleft. Each lamella adorned with three pointed macrosetae on its ventral surface, with a single macroseta on its dorsal surface. Additionally, there is a capsula externa, characterized by its square shape, which covers the dorsal and lateral surfaces. Attached to the pars basalis is a dorsolateral plate. The capsula interna, longer in length compared to the capsula externa, partially overlays the ventral plate. Apex of the capsula interna with a tubular stylus. Female. Pedipalp femora noticeably smaller than those of males. Female measurements. Total length 2.30, carapace length 0.87, dorsal scutum length 1.85, carapace max. width 1.24, mesotergum max. width 1.75. Appendage Measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.17, femora length 0.72, patella length 0.35, tibia length 0.54, tarsus length 0.57. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.22, femora (fe) 0.73, patella (pa) 0.43, tibia (ti) 0.53, metatarsus (mt) 0.65, tarsus (ta) 0.60. II: tr 0.28, fe 0.97, pa 0.49, ti 0.75, mt 0.82, ta 1.02. III: tr 0.22, fe 0.61, pa 0.38, ti 0.53, mt 0.57, ta 0.56. IV: tr 0.34, fe 0.90, pa 0.55, ti 0.76, mt 0.91, ta 0.75.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F8C8242EC12E5790AD4270EBFC0EC275.taxon	description	Figs 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F8C8242EC12E5790AD4270EBFC0EC275.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ caramavida ” is derived from the type locality of the species, Quebrada Caramávida, located on the western slope of the Cordillera de Nahuelbuta in the Bío-Bío Region. The choice of this name, a noun in apposition, is based on the geographic location where the species was originally discovered.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F8C8242EC12E5790AD4270EBFC0EC275.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from its congeners by the capsula interna of the male genitalia, which has two long lateral processes.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F8C8242EC12E5790AD4270EBFC0EC275.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Bío-Bío Region (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
F8C8242EC12E5790AD4270EBFC0EC275.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 2.74, carapace length 1.1, dorsal scutum length 2.05, carapace max. width 1.37, mesotergum max. width 1.96. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.20, femora length 0.92, patella length 0.40, tibia length 0.62, tarsus length 0.83. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.20, femora (fe) 0.85, patella (pa) 0.46, tibia (ti) 0.62, metatarsus (mt) 0.78, tarsus (ta) 0.65. II: tr 0.25, fe 1.84, pa 0.57, ti 0.90, mt 1.31, ta 1.29. III: tr 0.31, fe 0.79, pa 0.38, ti 0.64, mt 0.66, ta 0.60. IV: tr 0.31, fe 1.08, pa 0.63, ti 0.88, mt 1.04, ta 0.82. Dorsum (Fig. 80, 81). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low and rounded, pointing a bit forward. Dorsal scutum microgranulate. Mesotergal areas of dorsal scutum not well delimited; with small setiferous tubercles. Free tergites with two rows of small setiferous tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 82 A, B). Segment I with an acute tubercle on the dorso-distal surface. Segment II with two mesal setiferous tubercles and 7 – 8 small setiferous tubercles, with one triangular tubercle more prominent than others in frontal view. Pedipalps (Fig. 82 C, D). Trochanter with tiny dorsal and ventral tubercles. Femora with two robust ventral-proximal tubercles and four minor ventral-distal tubercles. Additionally, with a row of setiferous tubercles along dorsal surface of femora, with the three largest tubercles located in the proximal section. Patella with two small ventral-ectal tubercles and two small ventral-mesal tubercles. Tibia with two rows of weaker apical tubercles and two rows of minor ventral tubercles. Tarsus characterized by three mesal and ectal spines; Also, with a few setae and subdistal setae in this region. Legs (Fig. 83). Segment I with nine or ten setiferous tubercles; segment II with 18 – 20 setiferous tubercles; segment IV with five or six small tubercles connected to the opisthosoma. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth areas with ~ 1 / 3 of leg II smooth, with two or three small tubercles on each side featuring subdistal setae. The smooth portion extends to ¾ of leg III and <1 / 3 of leg IV. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs smooth, with notch in tarsus I. Tarsal count: 3 – 6 / 7 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 84, 85). Pars distalis with a large ventral plate bearing a cleft that divides the plate into two halves. Each half with three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface. Capsula externa covering dorsal and lateral surface, its apical region U-shaped. With a dorsolateral plate attached to the pars basalis. Capsula interna longer than the capsula externa, which has a long lateral process, perpendicular to the axis of the genitalia, with a visible stylus in its apical portion. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 2.6, carapace length 1.13, dorsal scutum length 2.1, carapace max. width 1.39, mesotergum max. width 1.98. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.26, femora length 0.99, patella length 0.46, tibia length 0.70, tarsus length 0.87. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.24, femora (fe) 1.04, patella (pa) 0.54, tibia (ti) 0.79, metatarsus (mt) 0.94, tarsus (ta) 0.78. II: tr 0.26, fe 1.51, pa 0.64, ti 1.08, mt 1.26, ta 1.44. III: tr 0.31, fe 0.93, pa 0.41, ti 0.69, mt 0.78, ta 0.78. IV: tr 0.32, fe 1.26, pa 0.61, ti 1.09, mt 1.28, ta 0.97.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
E16A1BE45AAD5ABB980F3F5845157001.taxon	description	Figs 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
E16A1BE45AAD5ABB980F3F5845157001.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the species, the province of Cautín, located in the southern zone of Chile. Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
E16A1BE45AAD5ABB980F3F5845157001.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The sharp tubercles on the dorsal scutum surface distinguish this species from others its congeners, particularly when observed from a dorsal view. The genitalia shows a unique U-shaped capsula externa (Fig. 91 D).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
E16A1BE45AAD5ABB980F3F5845157001.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Bío-Bío, Araucanía, Los Ríos, and Los Lagos Regions (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
E16A1BE45AAD5ABB980F3F5845157001.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Total length 4.17, carapace length 1.26, dorsal scutum length 2.64, carapace max. width 1.51, mesotergum max. width 2.06. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.35, femora length 1.05, patella length 0.58, tibia length 0.79, tarsus length 0.73. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.22, femora (fe) 0.83, patella (pa) 0.48, tibia (ti) 0.67, metatarsus (mt) 0.80, tarsus (ta) 0.71. II: tr 0.23, fe 1.17, pa 0.64, ti 0.89, mt 1.03, ta 1.33. III: NA. IV: tr 0.35, fe 1.15, pa 0.64, ti 0.96, mt 1.22, ta 0.98. Dorsum (Fig. 86, 87). Dorsal scutum microgranulate, without clear delimitation of areas. Area I characterized by a row of three setae, while areas II – III display a row of six low, broad, arch-shaped setiferous tubercles. Area IV and posterior margin with a row of low, broad setiferous tubercles. Free tergites with a row of low, broad setiferous tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 88 A, B). Segment I with a small tubercle on the dorso-distal surface. Segment II with a mesal tubercle and bearing few setae. Pedipalps (Fig. 88 C, D). Trochanter with a small dorsal and ectal tubercle. Femora with two ventroproximal tubercles with subdistal setae, four distal setiferous granules, and three dorsoproximal tubercles with subdistal setae. Mesal surface of the femora with two rows of setiferous granules. Patella with ventral setiferous granules. Tibia with three ectal and two mesal spines with subdistal setae, the ventral surface adorned with small setiferous granules. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines with subdistal setae, with a few setae and granules. Legs (Fig. 89). Coxae I – II with setiferous tubercles, with the longest distal tubercle bearing a subdistal seta. Coxae III and IV with microgranulation only, lacking setiferous tubercles. With four bridges between legs II and III, five or six bridges between III and IV, and four bridges between leg IV and the opisthosoma, the distal bridge longer than the others. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. The smooth surface occupies ~ 1 / 3 of leg II, with two small tubercles and two rounded tubercles present. In leg III, the smooth area covers ~ ¾ of the surface, while in leg IV, it occupies <1 / 3 of the surface. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs smooth, with sparse setae. Tarsal count: 4 – 7 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 90, 91). Pars distalis with large ventral plate bearing a cleft dividing the plate into two lamellae. Each lamella with three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface. Capsula externa covering dorsal and lateral surfaces, with a long cleft dividing capsula externa into two parts; with a dorsolateral plate attached to the pars basalis. Capsula interna longer than capsula externa, partially covering the ventral plate, the apical region of the capsula interna thin and sharp, the stylus not visible in its apical portion. Female. Similar to males, but with a noticeable shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 2.2, carapace length 1.00, dorsal scutum length 2.1, carapace max. width 1.3, mesotergum max. width 2.0. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.21, femora length 0.85, patella length 0.50, tibia length 0.50, tarsus length 0.63. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.22, femora (fe) 0.87, patella (pa) 0.47, tibia (ti) 0.66, metatarsus (mt) 0.76, tarsus (ta) 0.65. II: tr 0.25, fe 1.10, pa 0.60, ti 0.89, mt 0.99, ta 1.21. III: tr 0.25, fe 0.75, pa 0.36, ti 0.58, mt 0.61, ta 0.67, IV: tr 0.33, fe 1.05, pa 0.66, ti 0.89, mt 1.09, ta 0.78. Tarsal count 3 – 6 – 4 – 4.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
C8C7BFC96D8A5F7DA7589234D3632D32.taxon	description	Figs 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
C8C7BFC96D8A5F7DA7589234D3632D32.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ choapa ” is derived from one of the locality where the species was collected, the Choapa province in the Coquimbo region of Chile. It is used as noun in apposition to indicate the association of the species with this specific geographic location.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
C8C7BFC96D8A5F7DA7589234D3632D32.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from its congeners by several key characteristics. Firstly, its dorsal surface and pedipalps are densely setose. Additionally, the femora and tibia of the pedipalp are covered with small tubercles. The unique male genitalia has a capsula externa that covers the dorsal and lateral surfaces. The apical region of the capsula externa is bent at a 90 - degree angle in relation to the axis of the genitalia, and there are two small parallel apical structures present. This species shares similarities with Nerudiella zapallar sp. nov., particularly in the apical region of the capsula externa, although it is relatively shorter in comparison in the latter species.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
C8C7BFC96D8A5F7DA7589234D3632D32.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Coquimbo and Valparaíso Regions (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
C8C7BFC96D8A5F7DA7589234D3632D32.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 2.19, carapace length 0.94, dorsal scutum length 1.77, carapace max. width 1.33, dorsal scutum max. width 1.77. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.21, femora length 0.90, patella length 0.49, tibia length 0.70, tarsus length 0.86. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.21, femora (fe) 0.86, patella (pa) 0.45, tibia (ti) 0.67, metatarsus (mt) 0.82, tarsus (ta) 0.61. II: tr 0.20, fe 1.21, pa 0.53, ti 0.97, mt 1.07, ta 1.23. III: tr 0.24, fe 0.83, pa 0.39, ti 0.68, mt 0.77, tr 0.64. IV: tr 0.24, fe 1.19, pa 0.57, ti 0.96, mt 1.13, ta 0.75. Dorsum (Fig. 92, 93). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low and rounded, with small tubercles. Dorsal scutum and free tergites with microgranulation. Mesotergal areas lack clear separation but are covered with small setiferous tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 94 A, B). Segment I with a sharp tubercle on the dorso-distal surface, with two proximal tubercles. In segment II, there are scattered setae visible in both the ectal and ventral views. In the front view, there is a prominent triangular tubercle that stands out from the others. Pedipalps (Fig. 94 C, D). Trochanter with two small dorsal tubercles and one ventral tubercle. Femora with a dorso-mesal area with setiferous tubercles, including two stronger ones in the proximal region. In the ventral view, there are three prominent proximal spines and a row of small tubercles. Patella with a mesal setiferous tubercle. Tibia with three ventral-ectal spines and two ventral-mesal spines, with the lateral and dorsal areas with small setiferous tubercles. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines with subdistal setae, as well as additional setae and a few setae. Legs (Fig. 95). Coxa I with 11 – 13 setiferous tubercles, the two apical ones being stronger and more prominent than the others. Coxa II with 18 – 20 setiferous tubercles, while coxa IV has 5 – 6 small tubercles. Bridges between legs do not obstruct the spiracles. The smooth surface occupies ~ 1 / 3 of leg II, ¾ of leg III, and <1 / 3 of leg IV. Within smooth area of leg II, there are two small tubercles with subdistal setae on each side. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs covered in small tubercles, and the astragalus is longer than the calcaneus on all legs (Fig. 95). Tarsal count: 3 – 5 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 96, 97). Genitalia: Pars distalis with a ventral plate bearing a cleft that divides the plate into two lamellae. Each lamella has three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface; capsula externa covering the dorsal and lateral surface, having the apical region bent at an angle of 90 ° in relation to the axis of the genitalia. It includes a pair of small apical processes in the form of small “ wings ”. The capsula interna also has a pair of lateral processes, which are long and ventrally sloping. Capsula interna longer than capsula externa, with its apical portion thinner. Female. Similar to males, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 2.63, carapace length 1.0, dorsal scutum length 2.11, carapace max. width 1.47, mesotergum max. width 2.07. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.27, femora length 0.84, patella length 0.52, tibia length 0.61, tarsus length 0.92. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.28, femora (fe) 0.88, patella (pa) 0.48, tibia (ti) 0.68, metatarsus (mt) 0.84, tarsus (ta) 0.63. II: tr 0.29, fe 1.16, pa 0.56, ti 0.89, mt 1.05, ta 1.20. III: tr 0.28, fe 0.81, pa 0.38, ti 0.64, mt 0.84, ta 0.67, IV: tr 0.29, fe 1.18, pa 0.61, ti 0.98, mt 1.25, ta 0.75. Tarsal count 3 – 6 – 4 – 4.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
EAF1DB243B20535D8E45803F91FCD9F3.taxon	description	Figs 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
EAF1DB243B20535D8E45803F91FCD9F3.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is a variation of the spelling of “ kuri ” or “ kurü, ” which is a word in the Mapuche language used to define the color black, which is present in spots on the dorsal surface of individuals of the group. Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
EAF1DB243B20535D8E45803F91FCD9F3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be readily distinguished from other species in the genus by several characteristics. Firstly, it exhibits a wider genital operculum compared to other species. Additionally, the male genitalia display a distinct morphology, featuring a capsula externa consisting of three lamellae. Furthermore, the ventral plate of the male genitalia is characterized by a row of aligned macrosetae.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
EAF1DB243B20535D8E45803F91FCD9F3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Maule Region, Curicó Province (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
EAF1DB243B20535D8E45803F91FCD9F3.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 2.59, carapace length 0.91, dorsal scutum length 2.03, carapace max. width 1.30, max. mesotergum width 1.77. Appendage measurements. Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.22, femora length 0.69, patella length 0.37, tibia length 0.52, tarsus length 0.49. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.24, femora (fe) 0.89, patella (pa) 0.43, tibia (ti) 0.70, metatarsus (mt) 0.73, tarsus (ta) 0.70. II: tr 0.29, fe 1.11, pa 0.50, ti 0.96, mt 1.05, ta 1.20. III: tr 0.27, fe 0.75, pa 0.36, ti 0.66, mt 0.78, ta 0.63. IV: tr 0.32, fe 1.19, pa 0.63, ti 0.98, mt 1.26, ta 0.77. Dorsum (Fig. 98, 99). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low on the body. Dorsal scutum microgranulate, without clear delimitation of distinct areas. In the anterior region, specifically areas I and II, there are two small setiferous tubercles. In the area III, there is a row of four small setiferous tubercles, while area IV is adorned with a row of eight small setiferous tubercles. Posterior margin of dorsal scutum with a row of eight small setiferous tubercles. Free tergites with a row of small setiferous tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 100 A, B). Segment I with a small tubercle on the dorso-distal surface. Segment II with a small frontal tubercle and scattered setae. Pedipalps (Fig. 100 C, D). Trochanter with two small dorsal tubercles and one ventral. Femora with a row of three tubercles with subdistal setae on dorsal view, one long and one small spines with subdistal setae on ventral view, six low setiferous tubercles in mesal view, and one in ectal view. Patella with a small mesal and ectal setiferous tubercle. Tibia with a mesal row of five small ectal setiferous tubercles, three ventral ectal spines, and two ventral mesal spines with subdistal setae. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines with subdistal setae. Legs (Fig. 101). Coxa I with two rows of setiferous tubercles and two distal setiferous tubercles with subdistal setae, coxa II with two rows of setiferous tubercles, III and IV only with microgranulation, three bridges between coxa legs II and III, six between coxa legs III and IV, four between leg IV and opisthosoma. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth surface that occupies 1 / 3 of leg II, ¾ of III and 1 / 3 of IV. Genital operculum larger than other species of the genus. Smooth area of leg II with a setiferous tubercle on each side. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs I – IV covered in setae, tarsal area, and calcaneus densely setose. Calcaneus smaller than astragalus, ≥ 3 × smaller (legs I – III) and 4 × (leg IV). Tarsal count: 4 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 102, 103). Pars distalis with a ventral plate bearing a cleft dividing the plate into two lamellae. Each lamella has a row of three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface. Capsula externa covering the dorsal and lateral surface, divided into three folds, one pair covering the dorsolateral surface and the last one covering the dorsal surface, there is a dorsolateral plate attached to the pars basalis. Capsula interna divided into three parts, two lateral processes and a central process in which it bears an apical stylus. The ventral plate bears a cleft that divides the plate into two halves, each with three ventral and one dorsal macrosetae. Ventral macrosetae arranged in a row. Female. Similar to males, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 2.40, carapace length 0.85, dorsal scutum length 1.89, carapace max. width 1.23, mesotergum max. width 1.67. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.22, femora length 0.69, patella length 0.37, tibia length 0.52, tarsus length 0.49. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.14, femora (fe) 0.24, patella (pa) 0.89, tibia (ti) 0.43, metatarsus (mt) 0.70, tarsus (ta) 0.73. II: tr 0.70, fe 0.29, pa 1.11, ti 0.50, mt 0.96, ta 1.05. III: tr 1.20, fe 0.27, pa 0.75, ti 0.36, mt 0.66, ta 0.78. IV: tr 0.63, fe 0.32, pa 1.19, ti 0.63, mt 0.98, ta 1.26, tr 0.77.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
9525F6CA3D9D51DA91B1D870BF986208.taxon	description	Figs 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
9525F6CA3D9D51DA91B1D870BF986208.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is bestowed upon the Chilean entomologist Raúl Briones Parra, widely recognized by his nickname “ Goro ”, in recognition to his significant contributions to the field of entomology and his unwavering dedication to the conservation of the Chilean forests. A noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
9525F6CA3D9D51DA91B1D870BF986208.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from the other species in the genus by having two sharp tubercles on the ventral-proximal region of the pedipalp femora. The male genitalia has a pair of ventrally curved capsula externa processes.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
9525F6CA3D9D51DA91B1D870BF986208.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Regions of Bío-Bío, Araucanía, Los Ríos, Los Lagos.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
9525F6CA3D9D51DA91B1D870BF986208.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Total length 3.9. Carapace length 1.1, dorsal scutum length 2.5, carapace max. width 1.4, mesotergum max. width 1.6. Appendage measurements. Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.25, femora length 0.94, patella length 0.60, tibia length 0.70, tarsus length 0.68. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.27, femora (fe) 1.37, patella (pa) 0.59, tibia (ti) 0.90, metatarsus (mt) 1.13, tarsus (ta) 0.83. II: tr 0.28, fe 1.75, pa 0.79, ti 1.30, mt 1.50, ta 1.73. III: tr 0.32, fe 1.12, pa 0.50, ti 0.71, mt 0.99, ta 0.86. IV: tr 0.41, fe 1.53, pa 0.84, ti 1.26, mt 1.69, ta 1.04. Dorsum (Fig. 104, 105). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low and rounded. Dorsal scutum microgranulate, with mesotergal areas that lack distinct demarcation but with small setiferous tubercles. Additionally, the mesotergal areas, posterior edge, and free tergites feature a row of small setiferous tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 106 A, B). Segment I with an acute tubercle on the dorso-distal surface. Segment II bearing scattered setae in ectal and ventral views, with one triangular tubercle prominent from the others in front view. Pedipalps (Fig. 106 C, D). Trochanter with a small dorsal and ventral tubercle. Femora bearing three dorsoproximal setiferous tubercles; 4 – 6 small ventral-distal tubercles and two ventral-proximal spines. Patella with 2 – 3 small ventral tubercles. Tibia possesses two prominent ventral-mesal spines, in addition to small sparse setiferous tubercles. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines in addition to setae and sparse setae. Legs (Fig. 107). Coxa I with 10 setiferous tubercles, II with 18 – 20 setiferous tubercles, III with three. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth surface occupying 1 / 3 of leg II, ¾ of III and <1 / 3 of IV. Smooth area of leg II with 3 tubercles with subdistal setae on each side. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs covered in small tubercles, astragalus longer than calcaneus on all legs. Tarsal count: 4 – 8 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 108, 109). Pars distalis characterized by a ventral plate divided into two halves by a small cleft. Each half of the plate bears three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one small macroseta on the dorsal surface. The dorsal surface is covered by a capsula externa, with the upper portion of the plate featuring a wide notch that forms a pair of sharp pointed processes at the base of the genitalia. The capsula externa also exhibits a pair of broad lateral processes. It is slightly lower than the capsula interna, which is laterally flattened and compressed between the lateral processes of the capsula externa. The capsula interna does not have a visible stylus. Additionally, there is a dorsolateral plate connected to the pars basalis. Female. Similar to males, with a shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Measurements: Total length 2.50, carapace length 1.1, dorsal scutum length 2.17, carapace max. width 1.55, mesotergum max. width. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.26, femora length 0.90, patella length 0.55, tibia length 0.57, tarsus length 0.67. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.25, femora (fe) 0.96, patella (pa) 0.53, tibia (ti) 0.71, metatarsus (mt) 0.84, tarsus (ta) 0.64. II: tr 0.24, fe 1.27, pa 0.65, ti 0.98, mt 1.12, ta 1.27. III: tr 0.27, fe 0.82, pa 0.41, ti 0.61, mt 0.71, ta 0.69. IV: tr 0.31, fe 1.19, pa 0.74, ti 1.03, mt 1.26, ta 0.79. Tarsal count: 4 – 8 – 4 – 4.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
0FD906E4908E5BC4A17E760F8E39D414.taxon	description	Figs 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
0FD906E4908E5BC4A17E760F8E39D414.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet is bestowed upon the Chilean entomologist Jaime Pizarro Araya, in recognition to his significant contributions to the field of entomology and his unwavering dedication to the conservation of the Chilean forests. A noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
0FD906E4908E5BC4A17E760F8E39D414.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the morphology of the male genitalia, which includes the capsula externa with a robust process, which forms a dorsally curved plate.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
0FD906E4908E5BC4A17E760F8E39D414.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Araucanía Region (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
0FD906E4908E5BC4A17E760F8E39D414.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 4.0, carapace length 1.0, dorsal scutum length 2.5, carapace max. width 1.2, mesotergum max. width 1.7. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.26, femora length 0.96, patella length 0.59, tibia length 0.74, tarsus length 0.69. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.19, femora (fe) 0.70, patella (pa) 0.40, tibia (ti) 0.52, metatarsus (mt) 0.63, tarsus (ta) 0.55. II: tr 0.23, fe 0.91, pa 0.50, ti 0.78, mt 0.80, ta 0.92. III: tr 0.22, fe 0.58, pa 0.34, ti 0.47, mt 0.50, ta 0.53. IV: tr 0.26, fe 0.89, pa 0.51, ti 0.75, mt 0.94, ta 0.63. Dorsum (Fig. 110, 111). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low and rounded in shape. The dorsal scutum microgranulate, and both the opisthosoma and free tergites display rows of small setiferous tubercles. It is worth noting that the tubercle bases of these setiferous tubercles increase in length posteriorly. Chelicerae (Fig. 112 A, B). Segment I with a small tubercle on the dorso-distal surface. Segment II bearing sparse small setiferous tubercles, with one triangular tubercle prominent from the others in frontal view. Pedipalps (Fig. 112 C, D). Trochanter with two small dorsal and ventral tubercles. Femora bearing three dorsal spines with setae, five ventral-distal and two ventral-proximal. Patella with 2 – 3 small ventral setiferous tubercles. Tibia covered in small ventral tubercles, with two spines in the ventral-mesal area and three in the ventral-ectal areas. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines with subdistal setae in addition to setae and few granules. Legs (Fig. 113). Coxa I with 9 – 10 setiferous tubercles (two distal tubercles stronger than the others), II with 12 – 13, III with six or seven, IV with four or five tubercles connected to the opisthosoma. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth surface occupying 1 / 3 of leg II, ¾ of III and <1 / 3 of IV. Leg zone II smooth with two or three small tubercles with subdistal setae on each side. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs covered with small tubercles, astragalus longer than calcaneus in all legs, in leg II the calcaneus is slightly shorter than the astragalus. Tarsal count: 3 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 114, 115). Pars distalis with a ventral plate bearing a thin cleft dividing the plate into two lamellae. Each lamella has three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one short macroseta on the dorsal surface; capsula externa covering dorsal surface, with apical part folded dorsally, with a pair of long lateral processes; there is a dorsolateral plate attached to the pars basalis. Capsula externa shorter in length compared to the capsula interna. The capsula interna, on the other hand, is wide in shape, and it features a sharp apical area. Female. Similar to males, with a shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 2.39, carapace length 1.1, dorsal scutum length 2.2, carapace max. width 1.57, mesotergum max. width 2.15. Appendage Measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.23, femora length 0.77, patella length 0.50, tibia length 0.52, tarsus length 0.65. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.18, femora (fe) 0.72, patella (pa) 0.39, tibia (ti) 0.50, metatarsus (mt) 0.57, tarsus (ta) 0.47. II: tr 0.24, fe 0.90, pa 0.48, ti 0.71, mt 0.79, ta 0.87. III: tr 0.22, fe 0.56, pa 0.32, ti 0, 39, mt 0.49, ta 0.47. IV: tr 0.27, fe 0.81, pa 0.51, ti 0.70, mt 0.92, ta 0.59.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
5668F87CE7FA5BA195FFE2A82F4A008E.taxon	description	Figs 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
5668F87CE7FA5BA195FFE2A82F4A008E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the species, the Malleco province, located in the Araucanía region of Chile. Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
5668F87CE7FA5BA195FFE2A82F4A008E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be differentiated from other species within the genus by the distinct morphology of the male genitalia. Specifically, the male genitalia feature a robust and V-shaped process on the capsula externa when observed from a dorsal view.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
5668F87CE7FA5BA195FFE2A82F4A008E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Bío-Bío and Araucanía Regions (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
5668F87CE7FA5BA195FFE2A82F4A008E.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 4.1. Carapace length 1.1, Dorsal scutum length 2.3, Carapace max. width 1.21, Dorsal scutum max. width 1.6. Appendage measurements. Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.26, femora length 0.98, patella length 0.47, tibia length 0.73, tarsus length 0.71. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.21, femora (fe) 0.82, patella (pa) 0.45, tibia (ti) 0.61, metatarsus (mt) 0.67, tarsus (ta) 0.61. II: tr 0.22, fe 1.05, pa 0.53, ti 0.73, mt 0.87, ta 1.03. III: tr 0.22, fe 0.74, pa 0.33, ti 0.55, mt 0.83, ta 0.67. IV: tr 0.25, fe 1.08, pa 0.61, ti 0.83, mt 1.12, ta 0.76. Dorsum (Fig. 116, 117). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low and rounded. The dorsal scutum microgranulate. Mesotergal areas on the dorsal scutum do not have a clear separation but are covered in small setiferous tubercles. Additionally, the free tergites of the species bear a row of small setiferous tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 118 A, B). Segment I with an acute tubercle on the dorso-distal surface. Segment II bearing scattered setae in ectal and ventral views, with one triangular tubercle being more prominent than the others in front view. Pedipalps (Fig. 118 C, D). Trochanter with a small dorsal and ventral tubercle. Femora with three dorsoproximal setiferous spines, four small ventral-distal tubercles, and two ventral-proximal spines. Tibia with three ventral-ectal and two ventral-mesal spines. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines, accompanied by subdistal setae. Legs (Fig. 119). Coxa I with nine or ten setiferous tubercles, II with 18 – 20 setiferous tubercles, IV with seven or eight small tubercles connected to the opisthosoma. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth surface occupying 1 / 3 of leg II, ¾ of III and <1 / 3 of IV. Smooth area of leg II with two small tubercles with subdistal setae on each side. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs covered with small tubercles, astragalus longer than calcaneus on all legs. Tarsal count: 3 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 120, 121). Pars distalis with a ventral plate bearing a fine cleft dividing the plate into two lamellae. Each lamella has three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one small macroseta on the dorsal surface; capsula externa covering dorsal surface, apical area of capsula externa with a V-shaped notch and a pair of lateral processes; there is a dorsolateral plate connected to the pars basalis; dorsolateral plate present. Capsula interna short, with two slits in ventral view, without visible stylus. Female. Females similar to males, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 4.07, carapace length 1.16, dorsal scutum length 2.71, carapace max. width 1.41, mesotergum max. width 1.96. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.26, length of the femora 0.95, length of the patella 0.47, length of the tibia 0.73, length of the tarsus 0.74. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.28, femora (fe) 0.98, patella (pa) 0.55, tibia (ti) 0.77, metatarsus (mt) 0.85, tarsus (ta) 0.77. II: tr 0.31, fe 1.27, pa 0.68, ti 1.06, mt 1.17, ta 1.34. III: tr 0.30, fe 0.90, pa 0.41, ti 0.61, mt 0.72, ta 0.76. IV: tr 0.37, fe 1.28, pa 0.70, ti 0.99, mt 1.22, ta 0.92.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
6C688D8183825D829C4D0B48E94CCC7F.taxon	description	Figs 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
6C688D8183825D829C4D0B48E94CCC7F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the species, the commune of Penco, located in the province of Concepción, Chile. Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
6C688D8183825D829C4D0B48E94CCC7F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other species in the genus by having the dorsal scutum without tubercles. The male genitalia has longer macrosetae than other species of the genus, capsula externa divided into two halves that touch in the apical portion, leaving a gap between the two halves.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
6C688D8183825D829C4D0B48E94CCC7F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Bío-Bío Region (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
6C688D8183825D829C4D0B48E94CCC7F.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 3.67. Carapace length 0.97, dorsal scutum length 1.90, carapace max. width 1.26, mesotergum max. width 1.55. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.24, femora length 0.98, patella length 0.53, tibia length 0.70, tarsus length 0.71. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.19, femora (fe) 0.85, patella (pa) 0.46, tibia (ti) 0.60, metatarsus (mt) 0.70, tarsus (ta) 0.63. II: tr 0.25, fe 1.17, pa 0.56, ti 0.83, mt 0.99, ta 1.27. III: tr 0.26, fe 0.77, pa 0.32, ti 0.55, mt 0.57, ta 0.71. IV: tr 0.30, fe 1.07, pa 0.55, ti 0.85, mt 1.04, ta 0.89. Dorsum (Fig. 122, 123). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low. Dorsal scutum microgranulate, without clear delimitation of areas. Areas III – IV smooth, with few setae; posterior margin with a row of setae. Free tergites have a row of setae. Chelicerae (Fig. 124 A, B). Segment I with a small tubercle on the dorsal-distal surface. Segment II with a mesal tubercle and bearing few setae. Pedipalps (Fig. 124 C, D). Trochanter with a small dorsal and ectal tubercle. Femora with a row of three spines and one setiferous granule on the ventral surface, three small dorsal spines with subdistal setae, and three meso-distal setiferous granules. Patella with 1 – 2 ventral setiferous granules. Tibia with three ectal and mesal spines with subdistal setae; presence of scant granules in ventral view. Tarsus with an ectal row of two subdistal setiferous spines and 6 – 8 small setiferous tubercles, there are three spines with subdistal setae on the mesal surface. Legs (Fig. 125). Coxae I and II covered in setiferous tubercles, III and IV only with the microgranulation, bearing three bridges between legs II and III, five or six between III and IV, four between leg IV and the opisthosoma (the longest being the most distal). Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth area occupying 1 / 3 of leg II (with two small tubercles and two rounded tubercles), 2 / 3 of III and <1 / 3 of IV. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs covered in small tubercles, astragalus longer than calcaneus on all legs. Tarsal count: 3 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 126, 127). Pars distalis with a large ventral plate bearing a cleft that divides the plate into two lamellae. Each lamella has three long pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface; capsula externa covering dorsal and lateral surfaces, having a cleft dividing the capsula externa into two halves; there is a dorsolateral plate attached to the pars basalis. Capsula interna longer than the capsula externa, partially covering the ventral plate, with a visible stylus in its apical portion. Female. Similar to males, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 4.06, carapace length 1.12, dorsal scutum length 2.16, carapace max. width 1.46, mesotergum max. width 2.04. Appendage Measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.27, femora length 0.97, patella length 0.51, tibia length 0.68, tarsus length 0.82. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.27, femora (fe) 0.99, patella (pa) 0.50, tibia (ti) 0.73, metatarsus (mt) 0.81, tarsus (ta) 0.73. II: tr 0.30, fe 1.15, pa 0.65, ti 0.82, mt 1.00, ta 1.00. III: tr 0.24, fe 0.81, pa 0.45, ti 0.60, mt 0.68, ta 0.77. IV: tr 0.36, fe 1.24, pa 0.69, ti 1.04, mt 1.26, ta 1.20.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
C40285C4CFEE5739B347AB8F0C277BE4.taxon	description	Figs 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
C40285C4CFEE5739B347AB8F0C277BE4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to “ Pichí ” which comes from Mapudungun, the language of the Mapuche (original people of the region), meaning small. Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
C40285C4CFEE5739B347AB8F0C277BE4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by having the dorsal microgranulate; Femora and tibia of the pedipalp with small tubercles. The male genitalia have a reduced ventral plate, a very long capsula interna and capsula externa, as well as a long fine structure at the apex of the capsula interna.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
C40285C4CFEE5739B347AB8F0C277BE4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Valparaíso Region.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
C40285C4CFEE5739B347AB8F0C277BE4.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 2.65, carapace length 1.12, dorsal scutum length 2.21, carapace max. width 1.64, mesotergum max. width 2.02. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.28, femora length 1.12, patella length 0.73, tibia length 0.77, tarsus length 0.80. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.20, femora (fe) 1.00, patella (pa) 0.52, tibia (ti) 0.73, metatarsus (mt) 0.90, tarsus (ta) 0.77. II: tr 0.27, fe 1.37, pa 0.63, ti 1.03, mt 1.14, ta 1.36. III: tr 0.27, fe 0.87, pa 0.40, ti 0.71, mt 0.90, ta 0.76. IV: tr 0.35, fe 1.29, pa 0.65, ti 1.05, mt 1.32, ta 0.86. Dorsum (Fig. 128, 129). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Low ocularium. Dorsal scutum microgranulate, without clear delimitation of areas. The microgranulation and the setiferous tubercles are almost the same size, so it is difficult to delimit the rows of tubercles that are present in the dorsal scute and free tergites. Chelicerae (Fig. 130 A, B). Segment I with a small tubercle on the dorso-distal surface. Segment II bearing scant setae. Pedipalps (Fig. 130 C, D). Trochanter with a small dorsal and ectal tubercle. Femora bearing an ectal row of setiferous tubercles; dorsal surface with a row of spines and a parallel row of setiferous granules on each side. Patella with a ventral setiferous tubercle, dorsal surface covered with setae. Tibia covered in setiferous granules, with three ectal and mesal spines with subdistal setae on each side. Tarsus with three mesal and four ectal spines with subdistal setae and setae and scant granules. Legs (Fig. 131). Coxa I with setiferous tubercles, the large one with subdistal setae, II with setiferous tubercles, III and IV only with the microgranulation, three bridges between legs II and III, three between III and IV, five between leg IV and opisthosoma. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth surface occupying 1 / 3 of leg II, ¾ of leg III and <1 / 3 of leg IV. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs covered in small tubercles, astragalus longer than calcaneus on all legs. Tarsal count: 3 – 5 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 132, 133). Pars distalis with a ventral plate reduced in its apical portion bearing a cleft that divides the plate into two halves. Each half has three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface; capsula externa covering dorsal and lateral surfaces, having a very long cleft dividing the capsula interna into two halves, including two rounded, microsculpted processes; there is a dorsolateral plate attached to the pars basalis. Capsula interna longer than the capsula externa, the apical portion is long and thin. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 2.49, carapace length 1.00, dorsal scutum length 2.15, carapace max. width 1.54, mesotergum max. width 2.10. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.25, femora length 0.89, patella length 0.53, tibia length 0.56, tarsus length 0.67. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.24, femora (fe) 0.89, patella (pa) 0.48, tibia (ti) 0.62, metatarsus (mt) 0.82, tarsus (ta) 0.57. II: tr 0.28, fe 1.17, pa 0.45, ti 0.90, mt 1.06, ta 1.14. III: tr 0.30, fe 0.80, pa 0.38, ti 0.63, mt 0.80, ta 0.67. IV: tr 0.33, fe 1.17, pa 0.55, ti 0.96, mt 1.11, ta 0.80.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
6ECE74A19D0C5B3CB4B7929BA41A192C.taxon	description	Figs 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
6ECE74A19D0C5B3CB4B7929BA41A192C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Patronym in honor of Argentine arachnologist, acarologist, and mathematician Andrés Porta.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
6ECE74A19D0C5B3CB4B7929BA41A192C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other species in the genus by the morphology of the male genitalia, which includes the robust capsula externa with a U-shaped slit in the middle of the capsula externa; and wide capsula interna with an apical constriction.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
6ECE74A19D0C5B3CB4B7929BA41A192C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Valparaíso Region (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
6ECE74A19D0C5B3CB4B7929BA41A192C.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 4.00, carapace length 1.05, dorsal scutum length 2.1, carapace max. width 1.34, mesotergum max. width 1.91. Appendage measurements. Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.18, femora length 0.93, patella length 0.52, tibia length 0.68, tarsus length 0.65. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.21, femora (fe) 0.95, patella (pa) 0.52, tibia (ti) 0.70, metatarsus (mt) 0.82, tarsus (ta) 0.69. II: tr 0.20, fe 1.29, pa 0.61, ti 0.88, mt 1.14, ta 1.38. III: tr 0.30, fe 0.75, pa 0.41, ti 0.57, mt 0.68, ta 0.82. IV: tr 0.36, fe 1.18, pa 0.55, ti 1.00, mt 1.025, ta 0.90. Dorsum (Fig. 134, 135). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low, rounded. Dorsal scutum microgranulate, without prominent tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 136 A, B). Segment I with a small tubercle on the dorso-distal surface. Segment II bearing sparse small setiferous tubercles, with one triangular tubercle prominent from the others in frontal view. Pedipalps (Fig. 136 C, D). Trochanter with a small dorsal and ventral tubercle. Femora bearing two parallel dorsal rows of setiferous spines, the ectal row has stronger spines than the mesal, it also has two proximal spines. Patella with a ventral-ectal setiferous tubercle and two ventral-ectal spines. Tibia covered in small ventral tubercles and two mesal spines. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines with subdistal setae in addition to setae and few granules. Legs (Fig. 137). Coxa I with nine or ten setiferous tubercles, IV with six or seven tubercles connected to opisthosoma. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth surface occupying 1 / 3 of leg II, ¾ of III and <1 / 3 of IV. Leg II smooth with two or three small tubercles with subdistal setae on each side. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs covered in small tubercles, astragalus longer than calcaneus on all legs. Tarsal count: 3 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 138, 139). Pars distalis with a ventral plate bearing a cleft dividing the plate into two halves. Each half has three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface; capsula externa covering dorsal surface, bearing a U-shaped slit halfway up plate; there is a dorsolateral plate attached to the pars basalis. Capsula interna slightly longer than the capsula externa, without rigid structures. The apical area of the structure is irregularly shaped and does not have a visible stylus. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 4.11, carapace length 1.02, dorsal scutum length 2.15, carapace max. width 1.33, mesotergum max. width 1.99. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.30. Femora length 0.87, patella length 0.41, tibia length 0.64, tarsus length 0.66. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.24, femora (fe) 0.95, patella (pa) 0.54, tibia (ti) 0.59, metatarsus (mt) 0.78, tarsus (ta) 0.71. II: tr 0.27, fe 1.23, pa 0.54, ti 0.93, mt 1.09, ta 1.25. III: tr 0.28, fe 0.75, pa 0.38, ti 0.55, mt 0.71, ta 0.69. IV: tr 0.28, fe 1.28, pa 0.69, ti 0.93, mt 1.25, ta 0.87.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
3F5E932578045E1F8341CBED0832F411.taxon	description	Figs 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
3F5E932578045E1F8341CBED0832F411.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The generic epithet Nerudiella honors renowned Chilean poet and politician Pablo Neruda (1904 – 1973). Feminine grammatical gender.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
3F5E932578045E1F8341CBED0832F411.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Nerudiella species can be easily distinguished from other genera of Triaenonychidae by several notable characteristics. These include a relatively low to medium ocularium, which lacks an interocular apophysis or possesses a reduced apophysis (similar to that of the New Zealand Nuncia); a pedipalpal femora typically slightly curved; and presence of a subtle sexual dimorphism. The most salient feature is the male genitalia with a distinctive dorsolateral plate that originates from the genitalia’s pars basalis and extends onto the pars distalis. This plate appears wide in its lateral portion but small in dorsal view. These unique genital structures serve as reliable markers for the identification of Nerudiella species.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
3F5E932578045E1F8341CBED0832F411.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Nuncia americana Roewer, 1961	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
3F5E932578045E1F8341CBED0832F411.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: From Coquimbo to Los Lagos Region (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
DB05928D09F156578CC912537A214598.taxon	description	Figs 140, 141	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
DB05928D09F156578CC912537A214598.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the species, the department of Los Queñes, located in the commune of Romeral, province of Curicó, Chile. Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
DB05928D09F156578CC912537A214598.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other species in the genus by the morphology of the male genitalia, which includes the robust capsula externa with a “ V ” - shaped slit and long capsula interna with a triangular apical portion.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
DB05928D09F156578CC912537A214598.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Maule Region (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
DB05928D09F156578CC912537A214598.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 2.0, carapace length 0.84, dorsal scutum length 1.7, carapace max. width 12, mesotergum max. width 1.6. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.22, femora length 0.79, patella length 0.43, tibia length 0.56, tarsus length 0.66. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.21, femora (fe) 0.87, patella (pa) 0.47, tibia (ti) 0.69, metatarsus (mt) 0.77, tarsus (ta) 0.66. II: tr 0.20, fe 1.1, pa 0.55, ti 0.86, mt 0.96, ta 1.2. III: tr 0.28, fe 0.75, pa 0.34, ti 0.58, mt 0.70, ta 0.60. IV: tr 0.30, fe 1.1, pa 0.53, ti 0.85, mt 1.1, ta 0.66. Dorsum (Fig. 140). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Low ocularium. Dorsal scutum microgranulate, without clear delineation of areas. Chelicerae. Segment I with a small tubercle on the dorso-distal surface. Segment II with a frontal tubercle and bearing few setae. Pedipalps. Trochanter with a small ectal and dorsal tubercles. Femora with two prominent ventroproximal spines and three prominent dorsal spines. Patella with two ventral setiferous granules. Tibia with three ectal and two mesal spines with subdistal setae, with scant granules in ventral view. Tarsus with four ectal and three mesal spines with subdistal setae. Legs. Coxa II with ~ 8 rounded setiferous tubercles. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs I – IV covered in setae, tarsal area, and calcaneus densely setose. Tibiae I – III with a ventral and dorsal row of small setiferous tubercles, IV with a row of four distal-ventral tubercles with setae. Calcaneus smaller than astragalus, ≥ 3 × smaller (leg I), 4 × (II, III), and 5 × (leg IV). Tarsal count: 3 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Fig. 141). Pars distalis with a large ventral plate bearing a cleft that divides the plate into two lamellae. Each lamella has three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface; capsula externa covering dorsal and lateral surfaces, having a cleft dividing dorsal fold into two halves; there is a dorsolateral plate attached to the pars basalis. Capsula interna longer than the capsula externa, with a visible stylus in its apical portion. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 2.07, carapace length 0.89, dorsal scutum length 1.72, carapace max. width 1.24, mesotergum max. width 1.77. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.19, femora length 0.76, patella length 0.47, tibia length 0.50, tarsus length 0.68. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.22, femora (fe) 0.84, patella (pa) 0.44, tibia (ti) 0.65, metatarsus (mt) 0.71, tarsus (ta) 0.64. II: tr 0.24, fe 1.09, pa 0.51, ti 0.87, mt 0.95, ta 1.3. III: tr 0.23, fe 0.75, pa 0.35, ti 0.60, mt 0.72, ta 0.61. IV: tr 0.31, fe 1.08, pa 0.57, ti 0.93, mt 1.16, ta 0.68.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
ABD8C78B7FEB5C9796012327FBEB1F2C.taxon	description	Figs 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
ABD8C78B7FEB5C9796012327FBEB1F2C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the species, Vilches, located in the commune of San Clemente, province of Talca, Chile. Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
ABD8C78B7FEB5C9796012327FBEB1F2C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from the other species in the genus by having a projecting process on the ventral femoral region of the pedipalp. The capsula externa of the genitalia does not have dorsal slits but bears a pair of lateral processes.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
ABD8C78B7FEB5C9796012327FBEB1F2C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Maule Region (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
ABD8C78B7FEB5C9796012327FBEB1F2C.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 4.12, carapace length 1.05, dorsal scutum length 2.42, carapace max. width 1.33, mesotergum max. width 1.83. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.24, femora length 0.94, patella length 0.47, tibia length 0.80, tarsus length 0.71. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.30, femora (fe) 0.20, patella (pa) 0.87, tibia (ti) 0.41, metatarsus (mt) 0.69, tarsus (ta) 0.76. II: tr 0.64, fe 0.30, pa 1.13, ti 0.52, mt 0.86, ta 0.94. III: tr 1.24, fe 0.29, pa 0.79, ti 0.32, mt 0.60, ta 0.62. IV: tr 0.68, fe 0.30, pa 1.16, ti 0.55, mt 0.92, ta 1.12, ta 0.74. Dorsum (Fig. 142, 143). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Low ocularium; dorsal scutum microgranulate, without clear delimitation of areas. Areas III – IV with a row of 6 – 7 small setiferous tubercles; posterior margin with a row of 12 small rounded setiferous tubercles. All free tergites have two rows of small setiferous tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 144 A, B). Segment I with a small tubercle on the dorso-distal surface. Segment II with a frontal tubercle and bearing few setae. Pedipalps (Fig. 144 C, D). Trochanter with a small ectal and dorsal tubercle. Femora bearing a forward-curved proximal ventral spine, a ventral row of three small setiferous granules, a dorsal tubercle with subdistal setae, and three distal setiferous granules. Patella with two ventral setiferous granules. Tibia with three ectal and two mesal spines with subdistal setae, with scant granules in ventral view. Tarsus with four ectal and three mesal spines with subdistal setae. Legs (Fig. 145). Coxa I – II covered with rounded setiferous tubercles, the distal one is acute and has a subdistal seta, III and IV only with microgranulation. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth area occupying 1 / 3 of leg II (with three tubercles), ¾ of III and 1 / 3 of IV. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs I – IV covered in setae. Tibiae I – III with a ventral and dorsal row of small setiferous tubercles, IV with a row of four distoventral tubercles with setae. Calcaneus smaller than the astragalus, ≥ 3 × smaller (leg I), 4 × (II, III), and 5 × (leg IV). Tarsal count: 3 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 146, 147). Pars distalis with a ventral plate bearing a cleft dividing the plate into two lamellae. Each lamellae has three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface; capsula externa covering dorsal and lateral surfaces, without cleft; it has a pair of lateral processes that are projected ventrally. The capsula interna bears a pair of laminar processes; the apical region has a small dorsal opening and a fine process. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Total length 3.67, carapace length 0.93, dorsal scutum length 1.90, carapace max. width 1.16, mesotergum max. width 1.77. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.22, femora length 0.85, patella length 0.47, tibia length 0.68, tarsus length 0.59. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.19, femora (fe) 0.84, patella (pa) 0.46, tibia (ti) 0.63, metatarsus (mt) 0.77, tarsus (ta) 0.67. II: tr 0.27, fe 1.12, pa 0.51, ti 0.86, mt 0.97, ta 1.30. III: tr 0.27, fe 0.82, pa 0.35, ti 0.55, mt 0.65, ta 0.66. IV: tr 0.33, fe 1.20, pa 0.56, ti 0.91, mt 1.07, ta 0.82.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
E6609E94F30459EDB6CA97A2163EC6A6.taxon	description	Figs 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
E6609E94F30459EDB6CA97A2163EC6A6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the “ Wekufe ”, a spirit and / or harmful force (energy) from Mapuche belief and mythology. Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
E6609E94F30459EDB6CA97A2163EC6A6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other species in the genus by the presence of an apophysis in the anterior portion of the ocularium. Additionally, in males, the genitalia exhibit a longer capsula externa compared to the capsula interna, providing a distinguishing characteristic.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
E6609E94F30459EDB6CA97A2163EC6A6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Bío-Bío Region (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
E6609E94F30459EDB6CA97A2163EC6A6.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 2.4, carapace length 1.0, dorsal scutum length 1.9, carapace max. width 1.4, mesotergum max. width 1.8. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.22, femora length 0.8, patella length 0.47, tibia length 0.57, tarsus length 0.76. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.25, femora (fe) 0.81, patella (pa) 0.40, tibia (ti) 0.62, metatarsus (mt) 0.73, tarsus (ta) 0.61. II: tr 0.26, fe 1.00, pa 0.54, ti 0.82, mt 0.89, ta 1.2. III: tr 0.28, fe 0.71, pa 0.37, ti 0.56, mt 0.69, ta 0.63. IV: tr 0.29, fe 0.98, pa 0.55, ti 0.85, mt 1.1, ta 0.68. Dorsum (Fig. 148, 149). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low and rounded, with an anterior apophysis. Dorsal scutum and free tergites microgranulate. Although the areas of the dorsal scutum do not exhibit clear separation, they are covered with small setiferous tubercles, which are more prominent on the dorsal scutum and free tergites. Chelicerae (Fig. 150 A, B). Segment I with a sharp tubercle on the dorso-distal surface and three small ventral-proximal tubercles. Segment II with scattered setae in ectal and ventral views, with one triangular tubercle prominent from the others in front view. Pedipalps (Fig. 150 C, D). Trochanter with two small dorsal tubercles and a ventral one. Femora with two parallel rows of dorsal and spines. Patella with a mesal tubercle and small sparse tubercles. Tibia with three ventral-ectal and two ventral-mesal spines, lateral and dorsal areas with small setiferous tubercles. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines with subdistal setae in addition to setae and few setae. Legs (Fig. 151). Coxa I with 12 or 13 setiferous tubercles the two apical ones are stronger than the others, II with 25 – 30 setiferous tubercles, III with seven or eight tubercles, IV with five or six small tubercles. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth surface occupying 1 / 3 of leg II, ¾ of III and <1 / 3 of IV. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs covered in small tubercles, astragalus longer than calcaneus on all legs. Tarsal count: 4 – 6 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 152, 153). Pars distalis with a ventral plate that is divided into two halves by a fine cleft. Each half of the ventral plate with three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface. Capsula externa remarkably long, covering the dorsal surface. It is further divided into two halves by a long cleft and possesses a pair of long processes that curve ventrally. Additionally, with a dorsolateral plate attached to the pars basalis. Capsula externa longer than the capsula interna. Capsula interna thin and laterally flattened, with a sharp apical area. Female. Similar to male, with shorter pedipalpal femora. Female measurements. Measurements: Total length 2.7, carapace length 1.1, dorsal scutum length 2.1, carapace max. width 1.5, mesotergum max. width 2.0. Appendage measurements: Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.23, femora length 0.7, patella length 0.47, tibia length 0.58, tarsus length 0.66, leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.25, femora (fe) 0.82, patella (pa) 0.41, tibia (ti) 0.54, metatarsus (mt) 0.74, tarsus (ta) 0.57. II: tr 0.23, fe 1.0, pa 148, ti 0.78, mt 0.83, ta 1.1. III: tr 0.28, fe 0.74, pa 0.37, ti 0.57, mt 0.73, ta 0.65. IV: tr 0.30, fe 0.97, pa 0.54, ti 0.85, mt 1.1, ta 0.7. Tarsal count: 3 – 6 – 4 – 4.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7FFF130CA5495095B6405302BA364ED4.taxon	description	Figs 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7FFF130CA5495095B6405302BA364ED4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the species, the commune of Zapallar, located in the province of Petorca, Region of Valparaíso, Chile. Noun in apposition.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7FFF130CA5495095B6405302BA364ED4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other species in the genus by a unique combination of features. The dorsal surface and pedipalps exhibit a dense population of setae. Additionally, the femoras and tibiae of the pedipalps are covered with small tubercles. In terms of male genitalia, it features a capsula externa that envelops the dorsal and lateral surfaces. A notable characteristic is the apical region of the capsula externa, which bends at a 90 - degree angle in relation to the genitalia’s axis. Moreover, two small parallel apical structures are also present. It is worth noting that this species shares some similarities with Nerudiella choapa sp. nov., especially in the apical region of the capsula externa. However, it is relatively larger in comparison.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7FFF130CA5495095B6405302BA364ED4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile: Valparaíso Region (Fig. 4 F).	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
7FFF130CA5495095B6405302BA364ED4.taxon	description	Description of male holotype. Measurements: Total length 2.39. Carapace length 0.94, Dorsal scutum length 1.88, Carapace max. width 1.2, Dorsal scutum max. width 1.8. Appendage measurements. Pedipalps. Trochanter length 0.26, femora length 0.82, patella length 0.43, tibia length 0.65, tarsus length 0.76. Leg I: trochanter (tr) 0.24, femora (fe) 0.85, patella (pa) 0.44, tibia (ti) 0.62, metatarsus (mt) 0.73, tarsus (ta) 0.55. II: tr 0.25, fe 1.27, pa 0.52, ti 0.85, mt 0.85, ta 0.95. III: tr 0.25, fe 0.72, pa 0.35, ti 0.64, mt 0.72, ta 0.57. IV: tr 0.24, fe 1.08, pa 0.52, ti 0.93, mt 1.09, ta 0.68. Dorsum. (Fig. 154, 155). Eta (η) hourglass-shaped dorsal scutum. Ocularium low, rounded, with small tubercles. Dorsal scutum and free tergites microgranulate, mesotergal areas without clear separation but covered with small setiferous tubercles. Chelicerae (Fig. 156 A, B). Segment I with a sharp tubercle on the dorso-distal surface and three small proximal tubercles. Segment II bearing scattered setae in ectal and ventral views, with one triangular tubercle prominent from the others in front view. Pedipalps (Fig. 156 C, D). Trochanter with a small dorsal tubercle. Femora bearing the dorso-mesal area with setiferous spines, there are three proximal ones that are stronger than the others; in ventral view there are three strong proximal spines, and a row of small tubercles. Patella with a row of setiferous tubercles. Tibia with three ventral-ectal and two ventral-mesal spines, lateral and dorsal areas with small setiferous tubercles. Tarsus with three mesal and ectal spines with subdistal setae. Legs (Fig. 157). Coxa I with 11 – 13 setiferous tubercles the two apical ones are stronger than the others, II with 25 – 30 setiferous tubercles, III with nine or ten tubercles, IV with six or seven small tubercles. Spiracles not obstructed by bridges. Smooth surface occupying 1 / 3 of leg II, ¾ of III, and <1 / 3 of IV. Smooth area of leg II with two small tubercles with subdistal setae on each side. Sternum arrow-shaped. Legs covered in small tubercles, astragalus longer than calcaneus on all legs. Tarsal count: 3 – 4 / 5 – 4 – 4. Penis (Figs 158, 159). Pars distalis with a ventral plate bearing a fine cleft dividing the plate into two halves. Each half with three pointed macrosetae on the ventral surface and one macroseta on the dorsal surface; capsula externa covering the dorsal surface, with the apical part bent at an angle of 90 ° to the axis of the pars basalis of the genitalia, with a pair of long apical processes and a pair of long lateral processes; there is a dorsolateral plate attached to the pars basalis. Capsula externa taller than capsula interna. Capsula interna thin, with a sharp apical area. Female. Unknown.	en	Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo, Pérez-González, Abel (2024): Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae). ZooKeys 1207: 1-149, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1207.120068
