taxonID	type	description	language	source
EE398790FFBDFFFC59DDFDF3D177D796.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Cassida oblonga Sturm in Thon (1827) by monotypy (= E. peltoides (Boheman) in this study, see Remarks section of E. peltoides).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBDFFFC59DDFDF3D177D796.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eurypedus (Figs 1 – 12) is distinguished from the other six genera of Ischyrosonychini by its oblong and laterally parallel-sided body, elytral lamella narrower than elytral submesal interval, and prosternal process between procoxae narrower than trochanter (Borowiec & Świętojańska 2014). It can also be distinguished by newly found diagnostic characters: presence of notches on the ventral surface of antennomeres V – XI (Figs 24 – 27), and projections on each anterolateral region of the prosternum on the ventral surface of the pronotum (Figs 29 – 30, marked by black arrow). The detailed morphological features of the stridulatory files on the head can be also used to distinguish Eurypedus from the other six genera of Ischyrosonychini, including the sexual dimorphism with respect to the stridulatory file (Fig. 20 – 23, see Discussion), the number of ridges on the stridulatory file (48 – 59, Fig. 21), and the absence of a microtrichial patch on anterior portion of stridulatory file (Fig. 20).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBDFFFC59DDFDF3D177D796.taxon	description	Description. Color (Figs 1 – 12) mainly red to yellowish brown, occasionally tan, with black marks; pronotal and elytral bases with black spots or marked differently depending on individual; antennae black with brown setae; venter and legs generally shiny, black or blackish red, with basal half of each ventrite often brown to reddish brown; setae on tarsus reddish brown to tan. Body (Figs 1 – 12) oblong with anterior margin of pronotum rounded or weakly sinuate, broadest between posterior 1 / 3 region of pronotum and middle of elytra in dorsal view; profile ovoid with pronotal anterior margin slightly lifted. Head (Figs 13 – 15) completely concealed by pronotum in dorsal view; shape roundly quadrate, broadest at middle, slightly broader than long in dorsal view, with stridulatory file in posteromedial region of vertex. Frons triangular with upper margin slightly projected, sparsely punctuate, medially depressed by medial frontal line; lateral region of anterior margin of frons fitted with depression above condylic projection; clypeus narrow with anterior margin slightly arched; frontoclypeal sulcus indistinct; interantennal region slightly broader than antennal socket. Eyes large, oval, bulging, located on upper anterolateral region of head; interocular area about 1.8 times as broad as eye diameter at broadest point in anterior view, slightly depressed with deep medial sulcus. Antennae (Figs 24 – 27) reaching elytral base under pronotum; antennomere I oval, with length about 2 times width and about 2 times length of antennomere II; antennomere II length subequal to width; antennomeres III – IV slender, slightly expanded apically; antennomere III shiny, sparsely setose; antennomere IV often more pubescent than antennomere III and less than antennomeres V – XI; antennomeres V – XI each pubescent, with notch on ventral surface; antennomere VII length equal to width; antennomeres VIII – X each with length shorter than width; antennomere XI length 2 times length of antennomere X. Mouth fossa (Fig. 13) rounded, subquadrate, with upper half broader and more sclerotized than lower half. Labrum (Fig. 16) with basal half withdrawn under frontoclypeus, sparsely punctate and setose, broadest at middle, with anterior edge well-sclerotized; anterior margin emarginate medially with paired projections. Mandible as in Fig. 17, well-sclerotized, fist-shaped, with 4 teeth; apical half oriented toward mouth fossa; middle region projected, sparsely punctate and setose. Maxilla (Fig. 18) long and slender; cardo distinctly narrower at middle than at base and apex; stipes slightly longer than cardo, narrower at apex than at base; lacinia membranous, oval, greater in length than galea, densely setose; galea 2 - segmented with basal segment slightly greater in length than apical segment; apical segment of galea oval, with long setae; palpus 4 - segmented with palpifer laterally connected to middle of stipes; palpomere I triangular, slightly shorter in length than palpomere II; palpomere II slightly curved, with length greater than width, slightly expanded apically; palpomere III equal in length to palpomere II, expanded apically, with long setae near apex; palpomere IV elongate oval, with length about 1.5 times that of palpomere III, with sensillae on apex. Labium (Figs 8, 11, 19) with mentum withdrawn into prosternum in ventral view; ligula oval with long setae on apical region; palpus 3 - segmented; palpomere I quadrate, slightly expanded apically; palpomere II irregularly quadrate, expanded apically, with outer length about 1.8 times inner length, with long setae in apical region; palpomere III elongate oval, slight curved, sparsely setose, with sensillae on apex. Pronotum (Figs 1 – 12) hemispherical in dorsal view, widest near base or occasionally between posterior 1 / 3 and base; posterior and lateral margins of pronotum forming distinct angle; profile irregularly trapezoidal with rounded dorsum, highest at base; pronotal disc convex, smooth, finely punctate, often with shallow furrow medially and depression in posteromedial region; pronotal lamella separated from disc by depression, except in anterior region; posterolateral region of pronotal base and posterior margin of pronotal hypomeron emarginate; posterior margin of pronotum extended posteriorly. Prosternum (Figs 29 – 30) convex medially, with distinct short collar; anterolateral margin projected onto ventral surface of pronotum (Figs 29 – 30, marked by black arrow); projections forming upper-lateral part of cervical cavity; tergosternal sulcus distinct; prosternal process smooth with arrow-shaped apex; apex distinctly depressed laterally. Mesonotum (Fig. 31) pentagonal with anterior apodemes well-developed; mesoscutellum well-sclerotized, triangular, convex with anterior half withdrawn into pronotal base. Mesoventrite (Fig. 32) deeply notched in middle; mesepisternal ridge well defined; process of mesoventrite extended beyond middle of mesocoxal cavity, rigidly connected to metaventrite. Metanotum (Fig. 33) over 2 times wider than long; scutellar groove and scutoscutellar sulcus distinct. Metaventrite (Fig. 32) flat or slightly convex medially, with distinct longitudinal sulcus medially, slightly broader posteriorly; anterolateral region convex, extended anteriorly, forming mesocoxal cavity. Elytra (Figs 1 – 12, 34) oblong, slightly convex, broadest near base, with base of each elytron rounded; anterior margin crenulate; surface shiny, finely punctate; punctures similarly sized; punctures forming striae, occasionally arranged irregularly in lateral region; elytral lamella narrow, distinct from elytral disc, with thickened edge continuous to posterior end; brace (Fig. 34) distinct, with posterior end weakly connected to longitudinal carina, forming an angle. Legs (Figs 29 – 30, 32) slender, shiny, extending beyond elytral margin when extended; trochanters elongate, triangular; femoral width subequal to length of trochanter or slightly narrower, broadest at middle, with base much narrower than distal end; mesotibia shorter than mesofemur (protibia and metatibia as long as each respective femur); tibiae coarsely setose apicolaterally, broadened apically, with apicodorsal end notched medially and projected laterally; tarsus dorsally convex, sparsely setose; ventral surface of tarsus densely setose; tarsomere I small, hemispherical; tarsomere II weakly bilobed with apices of lobes pointed, length about 2 times length of tarsomere I; tarsomere III deeply bilobed, with length 3 times length of tarsomere I; tarsomere V as long as tarsomere III, slender, slightly expanded apically, hiding base of pretarsal claws; pretarsal claws robust, evenly curved, tapered. Abdomen (Figs 8, 11) with outline subparallel, rounded apically; venter slightly convex medially, with surface finely setose; each ventrite well-sclerotized with depressions laterad of meson; ventrite I with greatest length; ventrites II – IV subsequently shorter and narrower; ventrite V with length equal to that of ventrite IV, with more distinct lateral depressions. Aedeagus (Figs 35 – 38) curved in lateral view, slightly broader medially, with aedeagal basal piece oval; apical end pointed; tegmen well-sclerotized, Y-shaped; gastrale speculum (Fig. 35, marked by arrow) U-shaped, with anterior end slightly extended; ejaculatory duct longer than base piece; seminal vesicle thin, slightly shorter than aedeagal base piece, with sclerotized bead (Fig. 37; marked by arrow) between ejaculatory duct and seminal vesicle. Spermatheca (Figs 39 – 40) falcate, short; basal part longer than apical part; receptacle fused to pump, with one opening; spermathecal duct long and coiled.	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBDFFFC59DDFDF3D177D796.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Antennal notches on the ventral surface of antennomeres V – XI (Figs 24 – 27) are also found in 10 species of Cistudinella — C. apiata (Boheman), C. foveolata Champion, C. inanis (Boheman), C. lata Spaeth, C. lateripunctata Spaeth, C. notata (Boheman), C. obducta (Boheman), C. parva (Wagener), C. peruana Spaeth, and C. punctipennis (Boheman) (personal observation). Similar antennal notches were also observed in other tortoise beetles (Chaboo 2007; Simões & Monné 2014). However, the number of antennomeres with antennal notches varied: seven notched antennomeres (from V to XI) or five notched antennomeres (from VII to XI) (see Chaboo 2007). The projection on each anterolateral portion of the prosternum is found as a unique diagnostic character of Eurypedus (Figs 29 – 30, marked by black arrow). These projections are weakly connected to the ventral surface of the pronotum.	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBBFFF259DDFC6ED095D5C6.taxon	description	Eurypedus oblongus (Sturm in Thon): Borowiec 1996: 186 [faunistic record, new combination].	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBBFFF259DDFC6ED095D5C6.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens. Lectotype of E. peltoides: Mhm NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20267. (Fig. 2, examined and measured) in NHRS. Holotype of C. oblonga Sturm in Thon: Sturm, NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20269 (Fig. 1, examined and measured) in NHRS. Type locality. Brazil (E. peltoides). Brazil (C. oblonga Sturm in Thon).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBBFFF259DDFC6ED095D5C6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eurypedus peltoides is easily distinguished from E. nigrosignatus by the shape of the prothorax and leg. In E. peltoides, pronotal width at the broadest point is 1.5 – 1.6 times the length; in E. nigrosignatus, pronotal width is 1.3 – 1.4 times the length. In E. peltoides, the posterior margin of the pronotal hypomeron is less emarginate than in E. nigrosignatus (Fig. 29). In E. peltoides, the protibial length is equal to or greater than 3 times the width of the distal end of the protibia; in E. nigrosignatus, protibial length is less than or equal to 2.5 times the width of the distal end (Fig. 29).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBBFFF259DDFC6ED095D5C6.taxon	description	Description. Adult (n = 106) length 7.5 – 13.5 mm, width 4.5 – 7.0 mm (lectotype of E. peltoides: length 11.5 mm, width 6.7 mm). Pronotum (Figs 1 – 2, 6, 7) hemispherical, with width 1.5 – 1.6 times length at broadest point; pronotal disc convex with medial longitudinal furrow; posteromedial region of pronotum flattened with shallow depression on each side; posterior margin of pronotal hypomeron slightly emarginate, with depth less than 0.35 times width of hypomeron at posterior margin. Elytra (Figs 1 – 2, 6) with length about 1.55 times width, or slightly shorter; submesal interval distinct on each elytron, marked by black coloration and depressed line of punctures; punctures on elytral disc uniform in size, forming striae, occasionally scattered; medial region of each elytral base slightly swollen; swollen region often located between two black marks when present. Tibiae (Fig. 29) elongate, triangular in lateral view; length equal to or slightly greater than 3 times width of distal end. Aedeagus (Figs 35 – 36) curved, slightly narrower apically; phallobase with length about 0.4 times length of aedeagus; apex of medial lobe pointed, with angle less than 90 ˚.	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBBFFF259DDFC6ED095D5C6.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Argentina: Provincia de La Rioja, Guayapa, Patquía, 2439.47 (MCZ: 1); Provincia de La Rioja, Manantiales, xi. 1946, T de Apostol (MCZ: 2); Provincia de Corrientes, Isla Apipé, xi. 1945, Martinez, ex F Monrós collection (USNM: 3); Provincia de Corrientes, Santo Tome, xi. 1945, Martinez, ex F Monrós collection (USNM: 3); xi. 1963 MJ Viana (FSCA: 4); Provincia de Misiones, Santa Maria, xi. 1958, MJ Viana (MNRJ: 2; FSCA: 8); Provincia de Misiones, Eldorado, 20. x. 1983, A Kovacs (HNHM: 1); Provincia de Misiones, San Pedro, 1,000 m, i. 1956, ca. 630, DZUP, 148967 (DZUP: 1, head examined); Provincia de Misiones, San Pedro, i. 1956, ca. 658, DZUP, 148968 (DZUP: 1); Provincia de Salta Güemes, K 15, 800 m, 22. i. 1984, Bordon, DZUP, 148969 (DZUP: 1); Provincia de Tucumán, Tucumán, Colalao, i. 1949, ca. 114, DZUP, 148970 (DZUP: 1); Bolivia: Departamento de Santa Cruz, 5 km ESE, Warnes, Hotel Rio Selva, 20 – 21. x. 2000, Morris / Wappes (BYU: 4); Departamento de Santa Cruz, 5 km ESE Warnes, Hotel Rio Selva, 3 – 4. xi. 2001, 17 ° 33 ’ 695 S, 63 ° 11 ’ 981 W, 375 m, MC Thomas (EGRC: 1); MM Reed, no detailed data (FSCA: 1); Brazil: Estado de Bahia (USNM: 1); Bahia, vii. 1944 (AMNH: 1); Estado de Bahia, Barra-ES, Conc. DA, 5. v. 1968, CT Elias and C Elias, DZUP, 148986 (DZUP: 1); Estado de Bahia, Cachoeira, 15. iii. 1981, O Roppa (MNRJ: 1); Estado de Bahia, Cêrro Largo, x. 1945, P Buck (MNRJ: 3); Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares, 21. i. 1977, J Becker (MNRJ: 1); Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares, x. 1970, B Silva (MNRJ: 1); Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares, xi. 1965, A Maller, DZUP, 148978, 148984 (DZUP: 2); Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares, 18. i. 1971, Alvarenga, DZUP, 148995 (DZUP: 3); Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares, 11. xi. 1970, Alvarenga, DZUP 148994 (DZUP: 7); Estado de Espírito Santo, Linhares, 21. xi. 1971, JM Lima, DZUP 148985 (DZUP: 1); Estado de Espírito Santo, Pinheiro, 8. xi. 1971, JM Lima, DZUP, 148982 (DZUP: 1); Estado de Espírito Santo, Pinheiro ES, 6. xi. 1971, JM Lima, DZUP 148983 (DZUP: 2); Estado de Espírito Santo, Sooretama ES, Parque, 27. xi. 1967, F Oliveira, DZUP, 148977, 148979, 148981, 148981 (DZUP: 4); Estado de Paraná, Maria Preta, O Monte-Minas (MNRJ: 1); Estado de Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre xii. 2008, Rames, BCM (SEMC: 3 + 1 male 1 female, dissected and examined); F Monrós collection, no detailed data (USNM: 1, Fig. 12 D); no data (EGRC: 1; HNHM: 1; MNRJ: 1).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBBFFF259DDFC6ED095D5C6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina: Provincia de Corrientes (new record); Provincia de Jujuy (new record); Provincia de Misiones (Borowiec 1996); Provincia de La Rioja (new record); Provincia de Salta (Borowiec 2009); Provincia de Tucumán (new record). Bolivia: Departamento de Santa Cruz (Borowiec & Świętojańska 2014). Brazil: Estado de Bahia (new record); Estado de Espírito Santo (new record); Estado de Minas Gerais (Boheman 1854); Estado de Paraná (new record); Estado de Rio de Janeiro (Flinte et al. 2009); Estado de Rio Grande do Sul (Borowiec 2009); Estado de Sao Paulo (Boheman 1854). Paraguay: Departamento de Concepción (Borowiec 1999).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBBFFF259DDFC6ED095D5C6.taxon	biology_ecology	Host plant. Boraginaceae: Cordia ecalyculata Vell. (Silva et al. 1968; Sekerka 2004).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFBBFFF259DDFC6ED095D5C6.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Species should not be distinguished based solely on body coloration, because color is variable among individuals in species of Eurypedus (see Spaeth 1915). Even so, Boheman (1854) distinguished two species based on their elytral coloration. Numerous black spots or marks were observed on the elytra of the holotype of C. oblonga Sturm in Thon (= E. thoni, Figs 1, 12 A), while the lectotype of E. peltoides exhibited only three spots on the anterior half of each elytron (Figs 2, 12 D). However, the specimens of E. thoni examined in the present study exhibited various elytral colorations ranging from only two spots on umbones (Fig. 12 E) to multiple spots connected and forming large irregular bands and spots on the elytra (Figs 12 A, 12 B). Only two specimens previously identified as E. peltoides (Figs 12 C – 12 D) were examined, including the lectotype (Fig. 12 D). The coloration of the non-type specimen of E. peltoides (Fig. 12 C) showed a faint black mark on the posterior region, in addition to the three black spots on the anterior half of each elytron, which was supposed not to exist in E. peltoides (Boheman 1854). These additional spots were observed in most specimens of E. thoni in this study, though they were more distinct. Variation observed in pronotal shape, elytral depression around the mesoscutellum, and elytral discal shape between the holotype of C. oblonga Sturm in Thon (= E. thoni, Figs 1, 12 A) and the lectotype of E. peltoides (Figs 2, 12 D) were considered to be non-significant, because the specimens of E. thoni examined in this study showed continuous variation in these features (Figs 12 A – 12 E). In addition, the distribution of E. peltoides is limited only to Saõ Paulo (Brazil), which is a part of the known distribution of E. thoni. Accordingly in this study, E. thoni (= C. oblonga Sturm in Thon) syn. nov. is here synonymized with E. peltoides, because of the continuous color variation. Although E. peltoides is the younger name, it should be used, due to homonymy associated with E. thoni.	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFB5FFF459DDFA39D4E7D4C2.taxon	materials_examined	Type specimens. Lectotype of I. nigrosignata: Type, Dupont, “ Columbia ”, NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20273, des. L. Borowiec (Fig. 3, examined and measured). Three paralectotypes of I. nigrosignata: Dupont, “ Columbia ”, NHRS- JLKB 0 0 0 0 20277, des. L. Borowiec (examined and measured); “ Columbia ”, Guèrin, NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20278, des. L. Borowiec (examined and measured); “ Columbia ”, Guèrin, NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20279, des. L. Borowiec (examined and measured) in NHRS. Lectotype of I. discipennis: Type, Dupont, “ Columbia ”, NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20272, des. L. Borowiec (Fig. 4, examined and measured). Three paralectoytpes of I. discipennis: “ Columbia ”, Guèrin, NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20274, des. L. Borowiec (examined and measured); Dupont ,, “ Columbia ”, NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20275, des. L. Borowiec (examined and measured); Dupont, “ Columbia ”, NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20276, des. L. Borowiec in NHRS. Lectotype of I. marginicollis: Type, Dupont, “ Columbia ”, NHRS-JLKB 0 0 0 0 20271. des. L. Borowiec (Fig. 5, examined and measured) in NHRS. Type locality. Colombia (I. nigrosignata). Colombia (I. discipennis). Colombia (I. marginicollis).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFB5FFF459DDFA39D4E7D4C2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eurypedus nigrosignatus is easily distinguished from E. peltoides by the shape of the prothorax and leg. In E. nigrosignatus, pronotal width at the broadest point is 1.3 – 1.4 times the length; in E. peltoides, width is 1.5 – 1.6 times the length. The posterior margin of the pronotal hypomeron is more emarginate than in E. peltoides (Fig. 30). Protibial length in E. nigrosignatus is less than or equal to 2.5 times the width of the distal end; in E. peltoides, length is equal to or greater than 3 times the width of the distal end.	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFB5FFF459DDFA39D4E7D4C2.taxon	description	Description. Adult (n = 114) length 6.0 – 9.5 mm, width 3.0 – 5.0 mm (lectotype: length 7.5 mm, width 3.7 mm). Pronotum (Figs 3 – 5, 9, 10) hemispherical, width at broadest point 1.3 – 1.4 times length; pronotal disc convex, with or without medial longitudinal furrow; posteromedial region of pronotum convex or flattened with shallow depression on each side; posterior margin of pronotal hypomeron concave, with depth about 0.5 times width of hypomeron at posterior margin. Elytra (Figs 3 – 5, 9) with length about 1.4 times width, or shorter; submesal interval distinct on each elytron, marked by punctures and occasionally with black coloration; punctures on elytral disc with uniform size, forming striae; medial region of each elytral base convex with surface smooth, occasionally flattened. Tibiae (Fig. 30) elongate, triangular in lateral view; length less than or equal to 2.5 times width of distal end. Aedeagus (Figs 37 – 38) curved, slightly narrower apically; phallobase with length equal to or shorter than 0.3 times length of aedeagus; apex of median lobe broadly pointed, with angle over 90 ˚.	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFB5FFF459DDFA39D4E7D4C2.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. Brazil: (Estado de Amazonas or Estado de Minas Gerais) Capella, ex FC Bowditch collection (MCZ: 16, see Discussion). Colombia: Puerto Colombia, 1986, J Bequaert (MCZ: 1); Departamento del Rio Magdalena, xi. 1958, ca. 686, DZUP, 148973 (DZUP: 1). Guatemala: Departamento de El Progreso, 94 km road to Puerto Barrios, 14 ° 55 ’ 17 N, 89 ° 56 ’ 11 W, 19. vi. 2002, WB Warner (EGRC: 5; TAMU: 2); Departamento de El Progreso, 103 km Coban road, 2. vi. 1991, R Anderson, thorn scrub 91 - 43 (TAMU: 1); Departamento de Retalhuleu, Champerico, 3. viii. 1905 (USNM: 2); Departamento de Zacapa, 7 km West Teculutan, 25. vi. 1993, 340 m, R Brooks and J Ashe (SEMC: 2, 2 males 2 females, dissected for SEM and genitalia observation); intercepted in plane at Miami Florida, Byrd K Dozier, 31. vii. 1969, in epiphytic Bromel ADS (EGRC: 2; FSCA: 3). Honduras: Department de Choluteca, 19.5 km East Choluteca, Villa Guadelupe, 5. vi. 1993, FW Skillman Jr, Beating roadside vegetation (EGRC: 1; FSCA: 1). Mexico: Estado de Yucatán, 12 km North of Quintana Roo Highway 295, 20. v. 1987, DA Rider, EG Riley and TJ Riley (EGRC: 1). Nicaragua: Departamento de Esteli, Espinol, 21. i. 1986, E Chavez, on Tectona grandis (USNM: 2); Departamento de León, Nagarote, 15. vii. 1983, host plant Melanthera aspera (= M. nivea) (FSCA: 1); Departamento de León, x. 1989, B Garcete (TAMU: 1; EGRC: 1); Departamento de Matagalpa, Carmen, 1. vii. 1983, host plant Cordia inermis (FSCA: 4). Panama: Provincia de Chiriquí, Chiriqui (MCZ: 7, mislabeled as Costa Rica); Provincia de Colón, Coco solo Canal Zone, 30. v. 1959, S Breeland (FSCA: 11); Provincia de Panama, Cerro Campana, 17. v. 1993, F Andrews and A Gilbert (EGRC: 1); Provincia de Panama, Chepo, 3. vi. 1993, F Andrews and A Gilbert (EGRC: 1); Provincia de Panama, 1 km East of Chepo, 18. v. 1993, EG Riley (EGRC: 3); Provincia de Panama, 21 km SW of Chepo, 4. vii. 1974, CWL O’Brien and Marshall (EGRC: 1); Provincia de Panama, Chepo, 25. v. 1996, DM Windsor (SEMC: 4); no detailed data, ex FC Bowditch collection (MCZ: 12). Venezuela: Estado Merida, San Juan, 25. vi. 1983, Clark and Clark (BYU: 3; EGRC: 1); no detailed locality data, 11. v. 1972, Zulia Urdaneta (USNM: 1); no detailed locality data, ex FC Bowditch collection (MCZ: 5); no detailed locality data, ex FC Bowditch collection (MCZ: 4).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFB5FFF459DDFA39D4E7D4C2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil: Estado de Amazonas or Estado de Minas Gerais, Capella (unclear for Estado level, see discussion). Colombia: Departamento del Magdalena (Borowiec 1996). Guatemala: Departamento de El Progreso (new record); Departamento de Retalhuleu (new record); Departamento de Zacapa (Borowiec 1996). Honduras (new record): Departamento de Choluteca (new record). Mexico: Estado de Yucatán (new record). Nicaragua: Departamento de Chontales (Champion 1894); Departamento de Esteli (new record); Departamento de Leon (new record); Departamento de Matagalpa (new record). Panama: Provincia de Chiriquí (new record); Provincia de Colón (new record); Provincia de Panamá (Windsor et al. 1992). Venezuela: Estado Mérida (Borowiec 2002).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
EE398790FFB5FFF459DDFA39D4E7D4C2.taxon	biology_ecology	Host plants. Asteraceae: Melanthera nivea (L.) Small (new record). Boraginaceae: Cordia spinescens L. (Windsor et al. 1992), Cordia currasavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Shult. (Gómez et al. 1999; Gómez 2004); Cordia inermis (Mill.) I. M. Johnst. (new record). Verbenaceae: Tectona grandis L. (see Discussion).	en	Shin, Chulwoo (2016): A revision of the Neotropical tortoise beetle genus Eurypedus Gistel 1834 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa 4161 (3): 329-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.2
