identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
ED3E5E1F457DFFBBFE45FE12FB086E2E.text	ED3E5E1F457DFFBBFE45FE12FB086E2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyepoecus Santschi 1926	<div><p>Key for the identification of Oxyepoecus workers</p> <p>1. Cephalic dorsum mostly smooth and shining; sculpture, if present, confined to anterior portions of genae and between the frontal carinae, where the costulae may prolong caudad into two patches always separated by a smooth median frontal stripe (Vezenyii Species-Group).................................................2</p> <p>1’. Cephalic dorsum either entirely sculptured, or if partially smooth, at least the median frontal stripe is covered by microsculpture (Rastratus Species-Group)........................................................................11</p> <p>2. Mesosoma with irregular reticulate sculpture (better seen over 80X magnifications); head clearly longer than wide, (c.i. 70)........................................................................................................ O. longicephalus</p> <p>2’. Mesosoma lacking irregular reticulate sculpture; head clearly wider than long, (c.i.&gt; 70)........................3</p> <p>3. Compound eye with more than 7 ommatidia across greatest diameter, total number of ommatidia more than 30................................................................................................................................................4</p> <p>3’. Compound eye with less than 7 ommatidia across greatest diameter, total number of ommatidia less than 30........................................................................................................................................................5</p> <p>4. Petiole antero-posteriorly compressed in a scale-like fashion, pronotum convex and rounded above, whole propodeum and metapleura with well marked costulae........................................................................6</p> <p>4’. Petiole not antero-posteriorly compressed but club shaped, integument almost entirely smooth and shinning........................................................................................................................... O. punctifrons</p> <p>5. Propodeum saddle shaped; posterior margin of katepisternum and posterior face of the postpetiole smooth and shinning.................................................................................................................... O. ephippiatus</p> <p>5’. Propodeum dorsum at the same level of mesonotum, as in other species in the genus; posterior end of katepisternum and posterior face of postpetiole longitudinally costulate............................ O. inquilinus</p> <p>6. Antero-lateral margin of the pronotum in dorsal view rounded...............................................................7</p> <p>6’. Antero-lateral margin of the pronotum in dorsal view angulated.............................................................8</p> <p>7. Metanotal groove not impressed (p.v.), overall size minute, the smallest of the Vezenyii species-group (1.7 mm)................................................................................................................................ O. kempfi</p> <p>7’. Metanotal groove impressed (p.v.), overall size median in comparison with others species to the Vezenyii species-group (2.7 mm)..................................................................................................... O. crassinodus</p> <p>8. Antero-lateral margin of the pronotum in dorsal view rounded, not forming an angle............. O. vezenyii</p> <p>8’. Antero-lateral margin of the pronotum in dorsal view forming an angle.................................................9</p> <p>9. Pronotal disk without costulae; subpostpetiolar process very much ventrally projecting, surpassing the level of the postpetiolar socket................................................................................................. O. bruchi</p> <p>9’. Pronotal disk with costulae; subpostpetiolar process not much ventrally projecting, attaining at most the level of the postpetiolar socket............................................................................................................10</p> <p>10. Dorsal margin of the petiole in lateral view rounded; length of the declivous margin of the propodeum less than half of the basal margin length....................................................................................... O. browni</p> <p>10’. Dorsal margin of the petiole subquadrate; length of the declivous margin of the propodeum more than half the basal length........................................................................................................... O. quadratus</p> <p>11. At least the posterior third of the pronotal lateral face covered by sculpture; katepisternum and metapleuron mostly covered by reticulations..........................................................................................................12</p> <p>11’. Posterior third of pronotal lateral face mostly smooth (faint rugae covering at most the mesothoraxic spiracle in O. rastratus); katepisternum and metapleuron mostly covered by longitudinal costulae.............................................................................................................................. 14</p> <p>12. Mesosoma and petiole dorsum entirely reticulate (Fig. 1b). Tiny compound eye with three ommatidia r.g.d. and circa five in all (Fig. 1a)................................................................................... O. myops n. sp.</p> <p>12’. Mesosoma and petiole node dorsum either smooth or covered by different sculpturing. Compound eye with more than 6 ommatidia.............................................................................................................13</p> <p>13. Head dorsum laterally and at vertex mostly smooth, costulae confined to median cephalic dorsum (Fig. 5a), sculpture on lateral pronotal face mostly effaced; katepisternum and metapleuron covered by reticulations only (Fig. 5b)............................................................................................... O. rosai n. sp.</p> <p>13’. Head dorsum and vertex completely sculptured (Fig. 4a); lateral face of pronotum longitudinally costulate (sometimes reticulate), katepisternum and metapleuron irregularly reticulate and punctate, coarser on metapleuron....................................................................................................................... O. reticulatus</p> <p>14. Costulae on head dorsum prolonged caudad but not attaining posteriorly the vertex margin (Fig. 2a).............................................................................................................................................. O. plaumanni</p> <p>14’. Costulae on head dorsum prolonged caudad and attaining posteriorly the vertex margin......................15</p> <p>15. Costulae on head dorsum prolonged laterally and do not reaching posterad of compound eye... O. daguerrei</p> <p>15’. Costulae on head dorsum prolonged laterally and reaching posterad of compound eye (Fig. 3a)........................................................................................................................................................... O. rastratus</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED3E5E1F457DFFBBFE45FE12FB086E2E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de;Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de, Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira (2009): A revision of the Neotropical Solenopsidini ant genus OXYEPOECUS Santschi, 1926 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). 2. Final. Key for species and revision of the Rastratus species-group. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (23): 289-309, DOI: 10.1590/s0031-10492009002300001
ED3E5E1F457BFFBAFF75FF52FD3F6931.text	ED3E5E1F457BFFBAFF75FF52FD3F6931.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyepoecus daguerrei (Santschi 1933)	<div><p>Oxyepoecus daguerrei (Santschi, 1933)</p> <p>(Fig. 6)</p> <p>Martia daguerrei Santschi, 1933:111 (S from Argentina, Buenos Aires: Rosas F.C. Sur); Kusnezov, 1952:717-8, 720 (biology; key to Argentine species).</p> <p>Oxyepoecus daguerrei: Ettershank, 1966:146 (transfer to Oxyepoecus); Kempf, 1972:173 (catalogue); Kempf, 1974:486; Figs. 05, 16 and 22 (worker redescription and lectotype designation); Bolton, 1995:301 (catalogue).</p> <p>Worker (Lectotype): t.l. = 2.60; h.l. = 0.63; h.w. = 0.52; s.l. = 0.40; m.l.e. = 0.12; m.w.pr. = 0.36; a.l. = 0.72; h.f.l. = 0.45; m.w.p. = 0.17; m.w.pp. = 0.23; c.i. 83. Body color fuscous brown, mandibles and legs reddish brown. Integument smooth and shining, except frontal carinae with longitudinal costulae, prolonged caudad to vertexal margin, laterally not reaching posterad of compound eye; genae with short longitudinal rugae that reach anterior margin of clypeus close to mandibular insertion; postero-lateral corner of the pronotum dorsum longitudinally costulate that do not reach the anterior margin; side of pronotum smooth and shining; katepisternum, anepisternum, side of propodeum and metapleuron longitudinally costulate; posterior face of postpetiole with some superficial and irregular rugae. Hairs moderately abundant, short, subdecumbent and decumbent on head dorsum; most hairs on cephalic dorsum inclined mesad, anteriorly curved on the sides, decumbent on the mandibles; mesosoma dorsal hairs suberect and erect, a little longer than head hairs, with some anterior oriented; petiolar node with some suberect and posterior oriented hairs, postpetiole with very scarce hairs; numerous decumbent hairs present on gaster.</p> <p>Mandible with basal border approximately equal chewing border, with broad and gently deep excision between basal and subbasal tooth. Anterior tooth of clypeus with lateral, almost indistinct, blunt denticle. Frontal carinae diverging posterad, maximum width between their outer edges about one fourth of head width. Compound eye small, with about 6-7 facets r.g.d., maximum diameter of compound eye smaller than oculomalar distance: total number of ommatidia less than 25, circa 20. Antennal scape fails to reach vertexal margin by not more than maximum scape width. Funnicular segment I as long as II-IV combined, segments II-VII distinctly broader than long, VIII as long as broad. Head with vertexal margin sligthly convex (f.f.v.).</p> <p>Mesosoma (p.v.) not forming an angle between dorsal and lateral surfaces of pronotum. Metanotal groove shallow to absent (p.v.), perceptible by difference in level of propodeum relative to promesonotal dorsum level. Basal face of propodeum round on side posteriorly with two small, obliquely oriented teeth. Declivous face laterally carinate.</p> <p>Petiole pedunculate, node antero-posteriorly not much compressed, nearly 2/3 as broad as postpetiole (d.v.); subpetiolar process mostly straight, anteriorly ending as a blunt and relatively small denticle (p.v.). Subpostpetiolar process subparallel to the ventrally projecting posterior socket.</p> <p>Examined material: ARGENTINA: Rosas, F.C. Sur, Buenos Aires Province, Juan B. Daguerre # 1904 [35°57’S, 58°56’W] (1 S lectotype, originally mounted on same pin with Solenopsis metanotalis var. picturata Santschi).</p> <p>Comments: The exclusive character of O. daguerrei workers in relation to all other species in the genus is the straight costulae on the frontal carinae that prolong caudad, attaining the vertexal margin but failing to laterally reach the compound eye, also the postpetiole (d.v.) is relatively narrower than of others species of the genus (Kempf, 1974: Figs. 05, 16 and 22).</p> <p>Only three specimens of O. daguerrei are known, all collected in the same locality in Argentina (Fig. 6), by Juan B. Daguerre. Sanstchi received them already mounted on the same pin with a worker of Solenopsis metanotalis var. picturata Santschi (# 1904, lectotype) and with a worker of Solenopsis tetracantha Emery (# 666). This association led Sanstchi to infer a close relationship between the mentioned species and Solenopsis. Note: we were not able to ascertain to which collection the code number in the types label refers to.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED3E5E1F457BFFBAFF75FF52FD3F6931	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de;Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de, Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira (2009): A revision of the Neotropical Solenopsidini ant genus OXYEPOECUS Santschi, 1926 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). 2. Final. Key for species and revision of the Rastratus species-group. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (23): 289-309, DOI: 10.1590/s0031-10492009002300001
ED3E5E1F457BFFB9FD3AFA12FDBD6A4E.text	ED3E5E1F457BFFB9FD3AFA12FDBD6A4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyepoecus mandibularis (Emery 1913)	<div><p>Oxyepoecus mandibularis (Emery, 1913)</p> <p>Monomorium (Martia) mandibulare Emery, 1913:261-262 Fig. 12 (S from Bolivia: Songo); Emery, 1922:183. Borgmeier, 1928:65 (key).</p> <p>Martia mandibularis: Kusnezov, 1952:722.</p> <p>Oxyepoecus mandibularis: Ettershank, 1966:146 (transfer to Oxyepoecus); Kempf, 1972:173 (catalogue); Kempf, 1974:491-492 (revision). Bolton, 1995:309 (catalogue).</p> <p>This species is known only from the worker holotype, probably deposited in Emery’s collection in Genoa. This specimen was not examined by us, but several characters mentioned in the original description distinguish O. mandibularis from all other species in the genus and species group. We thus reproduce Emery’s original description.</p> <p>“Ouvrière. Brun ferrugineux, membres plus clairs, tête, excepté les mandibules, et segment basal du gastre brun noirâtre. Tête mate, très finement réticulée, sur le front, le réticule se résout en fines stries et, sur les joues, le fond se montre luisant; épistome et mandibules luisants; corselet strié, les promésonotum en long, mais assez irregulièrement, l’épinotum transversalement et régulièrement. Poils longs et fins, pubescence presque nulle.</p> <p>La tête est de peu plus longue que large, si on ne compte pas la saillie que forme l’épistome avec ses dents; mais si on en tient compte, la tête est alors presque une fois et demie aussi longue que large. Les mandibules sont longues et armées de 4 grandes dents dont le basal est épaissé et séparée des autres. L’épistome est bicaréné et armé, comme dans M. vezenyii et M. rastratum. Le scape atteint presque le bord occipital; massue de 3 articles, le dernier plus long que les deux autres, ceux-ci presque égaux. Pas de suture promésonotale, le profil du corselet n’est presque pas impressioné dans la suture mésoépinotale; l’épinotum a la face descendante beaucoup plus courte que la face basale; cette dernière est droite, presque verticale, bordée d’une arrête sur les côtés, qui se termine en haut par une petite saillie mousse. Vu par-dessus, le pétiole paraît claviforme; de profil il est pédonculé et surmonté d’un noeud près de deux fois aussi haut que long; par-dessus, le noeud est un peu plus large que long; postpétiole ovale, à peine de moitié plus large que le noeud du pétiole – L. 3 mill”.</p> <p>Comments: The characters that better distinguish O. mandibularis from other species in the genus are the workers’ relatively large overall size (3 mm) and the sculpture pattern on the head dorsum, promesonotum, and propodeum. However this species runs with O. rastratus in the identification key, but can be distinguished from it by the longer median tooth and the shorter lateral tooth in O. mandibularis.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED3E5E1F457BFFB9FD3AFA12FDBD6A4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de;Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de, Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira (2009): A revision of the Neotropical Solenopsidini ant genus OXYEPOECUS Santschi, 1926 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). 2. Final. Key for species and revision of the Rastratus species-group. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (23): 289-309, DOI: 10.1590/s0031-10492009002300001
ED3E5E1F4578FFB7FEC4F9F2FBB76E8E.text	ED3E5E1F4578FFB7FEC4F9F2FBB76E8E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyepoecus myops De Albuquerque & Brandão 2009	<div><p>Oxyepoecus myops n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs. 1 a-c, 6)</p> <p>Oxyepoecus myops n. sp. Albuquerque &amp; Brandão. Holotype: worker. Brazil: São Paulo: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.883335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.883335/lat -23.65)">Salesópolis</a> [23°39’S, 45°53’W], 05-07.vii.1997, C.I. Yamamoto col., extracted from the leaf litter using Winkler extractor; deposited in MZSP.</p> <p>Paratypes (all from Brazil): São Paulo: thirty workers and three gynes from Salesópolis (same locality of the Holotype, but collected in different dates and by different collectors), deposited in MZSP, one worker deposited in AMNH, one worker deposited in CASC, one worker deposited in CECL, one worker deposited in CPDC, one worker deposited in ICNC, one worker deposited in LACM, one worker deposited in MIZA, one worker deposited in USNM.</p> <p>Etymology: The specific name refers to the relatively minute size of the compound eyes that characterize workers of this species.</p> <p>Worker (Holotype and paratypes (N = 30), variation within brackets): t.l. = 2.08 (1.95-2,15); h.l. = 0.53 (0.50-0.53); h.w. = 0.40 (0.38-0.43); s.l. = 0.30 (0.28-0.31); m.l.e. = 0.06 (0.05-0.08); m.w.pr. = 0.25 (0.23-0.28); a.l. = 0.60 (0.58-0.60); h.f.l. = 0.33 (0.28-0.33); m.w.p. = 0.15 (0.13-0.18); m.w.pp. = 0.20 (0.18-0.20); c.i. 75 (76-81). Color chestnut brown, legs and antennae slightly lighter. Integument with irregularly reticulate sculpture covering almost all head dorsum, except close to clypeus, and around antennal insertions; almost all mesosoma, petiole dorsum and postpetiole with irregulary reticulate sculpture; gaster smooth and shining. Hairs relatively abundant, short, subdecumbent and curved mesad on head dorsum, and anteriorly curved on the head sides; long and suberect on dorsum of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole; hairs on gaster decumbent and shorter.</p> <p>Mandible with basal border approximately equal chewing border, basal tooth separated from subbasal tooth by shallow diastema. Anterior tooth of clypeus with lateral, blunt denticle. Frontal carinae short, subparallel, with posterior end at level of anterior margin of compound eye, maximum width between their outer edges less than one fourth of head width. Compound eye very small, with 3-4 facets r.g.d.; total number of ommatidia not exceeding 7. Antennal scape fails to reach vertexal margin by distance greater than maximum scape width. Funnicular segment I longer than either VIII or IX, as long as II-V combined, segments II-VII distinctly broader than long, VIII and IX as long as broad. Head with vertexal margin straight (f.f.v.).</p> <p>Mesosoma with lateral and dorsal surfaces of pronotum not forming a well marked angle, slightly rounded. Metanotal groove weakly impressed (p.v.). Basal face of propodeum immarginate on sides, posteriorly with a small and obliquely directed tooth (p.v.). Declivous face laterally weakly carinate.</p> <p>Petiole pedunculate, node scarcely compressed antero-posteriorly (d.v.); subpetiolar process with anterior end as a small and obliquely oriented denticle. Postpetiole strongly compressed antero-posteriorly, not as high as petiolar node; subpostpetiolar process shaped as small, transversal crest, parallel to ventrally produced posterior socket of postpetiole.</p> <p>Gyne (variation of three paratype gynes): t.l. = (2.53-2.58); h.l. = (0.55-0.56); h.w. = (0.45-0.48); s.l. = (0.33-0.35); m.l.e. = (0.20-0.25); m.w.pr. = (0.43-0.45); a.l. = (0.70-0.73); h.f.l. = (0.38-0.40); m.w.p. = (0.18-0.20); m.w.pp. = (0.28-0.30); c.i. (81-86). Characters almost the same as workers, with the differences of the caste: the three ocelli with same diameter, approximately equal to minimum scape width, compound eye with 10 facets r.g.d., about 30 in all, scutellum not marginate.</p> <p>Male: unknown.</p> <p>Examined material: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Conceição do Mato Dentro, Serra da Serpentina, 18-28. iii.2009, Silva R.R. 067589/7894569 WGS 84 (1 S); Paraná: Tunas, Parque das Lauráceas, 21-29. ii.2001, [R.R.] Silva and [F.] Eberhardt cols., transecto 1 Winkler 16 [24°51’S, 48°43’W] (1 S); Rio de Janeiro: Santa Maria Madalena, P[arque] E[stadual] do Desengano, x.2002, Mayhé, A. &amp; Veiga-Ferreira, S. cols., # 48 and # 17 [21°58’S, 41°57’W] (2 S); Nova Iguaçú, Re[serva] Bio[lógica] do Tinguá, ii.2002, Mayhé, A. &amp; Veiga-Ferreira, S. cols., # 48 A10 [22°34’S, 43°24’W] (1 S); Teresópolis, P[arque] N[acional] da S[erra] dos O[rgãos], 23-27.xi.1999, Rocha [R.P.], Dietz [B.H.], Silva [R.R.] cols., # 03 [22°27’S, 42°59’W] (1 S); Santa Catarina: Blumenau, P[arque] E[stadual] das Nascentes, 20-27.x.2000, Silva, R.R. and Eberhardt, F. cols., [27°06’S, 49°09’W] (1 S); São Bonifácio, P[arque] E[stadual] Serra do Tabuleiro, 08-13.iii.2004, Silva, R.R.; Dietz, B.H. and Albuquerque, N.L. cols., [27°49’S, 48°54’W] (7 S, 1 T); Seara, v-xii.1998, Rogério R. Silva col. 24°07’S, 52°18’W (1 S); same locality, vi-vii.1999, same collector (7 S); São Paulo: Botucatu, 07.x.1987, Forti, L.C. and Rinaldi, I.M.P. cols [22°53’S, 48°26’W] (5 S – soil trap collected); Campos do Jordão, xi.1985, C.G. Froelich col. [22°44’S, 45°34’W] (2 S); Juquitiba, 30.x.1960, W.W. Kempf col. [23°56’S, 47°02’W] (1 S); São Paulo, P[arque] E[stadual] da Cantareira – Núcleo Engordador, 12-22.v.2003, R. Feitosa &amp; A. Soliva cols. 23°21’S, 46°29’W (2 S); Salesópolis, 03-05.v.1996, Brandão [,C.R.F]; Agosti [,D.]; Diniz [,J.]; Silvestre, [,R.]; Yamamoto [,C.I.] [cols.] [23°39’S, 45°53’W] (4 S and 2 T); same locality, 02-06.v.1997, D. Agosti; C.R.F. Brandão; &amp; C.I. Yamamoto cols (15 S); same locality, 05-07.vii.1997, C.I. Yamamoto col. (5 S); same locality, 05-07. ix.1997, C.I.Yamamoto, col. (4 S); Tapiraí, 08-14. i.2001, Silva, R.R. and Eberhardt, F. cols., [24°01’S, 47°27’W] (1 S) Cunha, P[arque] E[stadual] Serra do Mar (23°15’03”S, 45°00’26”W), 21-22.iv.2001, A. Tavares &amp; R.R. Silva (samples # 5, 15, 28, 36, 38, 48, 50).(3 T and 8 S).</p> <p>Comments: The exclusive character of Oxyepoecus myops n. sp. workers in relation to the other species of the Rastratus group is the irregularly reticulate sculpture fully covering the head dorsum and almost all the mesosoma dorsum. Their compound eyes are the smallest in the genus.</p> <p>The distribution of O. myops n. sp. includes several Southern Brazil localities, and in Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro States. Workers of this species have been recently extracted from litter samples taken in localities at sea level and up to more than 1000 m high in the Serra do Mar Range. Most localities are covered by dense evergreen tropical forests, but in some cases, samples come from drier forests as well, as in Seara, SC and Teresópolis, RJ. In Serra da Cantareira, SP, workers were attracted to sardine baits set on the forest floor during the day.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED3E5E1F4578FFB7FEC4F9F2FBB76E8E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de;Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de, Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira (2009): A revision of the Neotropical Solenopsidini ant genus OXYEPOECUS Santschi, 1926 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). 2. Final. Key for species and revision of the Rastratus species-group. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (23): 289-309, DOI: 10.1590/s0031-10492009002300001
ED3E5E1F4576FFB5FCFDFCB2FCEC69EE.text	ED3E5E1F4576FFB5FCFDFCB2FCEC69EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyepoecus plaumanni Kempf 1974	<div><p>Oxyepoecus plaumanni Kempf, 1974</p> <p>(Figs. 2 a-c, 7)</p> <p>Oxyepoecus plaumanni Kempf, 1974:492 (worker and gyne descriptions); Bolton, 1995:301 (catalogue).</p> <p>Worker (Holotype and individuals from several localidites, N = 30): t.l. = 2.10 (1.90-2.20); h.l. = 0.53 (0.48-0.55); h.w. = 0.43 (0.39-0.43); s.l. = 0.33 (0.31-0.33); m.l.e. = 0.07 (0.06-0.08); m.w.pr. = 0.31 (0.27-0.31); a.l. = 0.61 (0.55-0.61); h.f.l. = 0.36 (0.35-0.37); m.w.p. = 0.14 (0.12-0.14); m.w.pp. = 0.18 (0.16-0.18); c.i. 80 (77-81). Color chestnut brown. Integument smooth and shining, except longitudinal costulae between frontal carinae extending posteriorly almost to vertex, and laterally almost to eye; genae with few longitudinal rugae, none reaching the anterior eye margin, nor mandibular insertion; posterior third of pronotum disc and all mesonotum longitudinally costulate; mesopleuron longitudinally costulate, varying in degree of distinctness from well formed to almost effaced; basal face of the propodeum with transversal and shallow costulae barely attaining the spiracle laterally. Hairs moderately abundant, some long and erect; numerous subdecumbent or decumbent, curving mesad on cephalic dorsum, directed anteriorly on genae; erect and suberect on mesosomal dorsum; gastral hairs pointing posteriorly.</p> <p>Head in Fig. 2a (f.f.v.): Mandible with basal border approximately equal chewing border, lacking broad diastema nor deep cleft between basal and subbasal teeth. Anterior apron of clypeus with prominent and laterally pointed denticle. Frontal carinae subparallel, extending to level of posterior margin of compound eye; maximum width between their outer edges approximately one fourth head width. Compound eye length almost equal to ocularmalar distance, with about 5-6 facets r.g.d.: less than 20 ommatidia. Scape fails to reach vertexal corner by distance greater than maximum scape width. Funnicular segment I as long as II-V combined, segments II-VII distinctly broader than long, VIII and IX as long as broad. Vertexal margin slightly concave.</p> <p>Mesosoma in Fig. 2b (p.v.). Antero-dorsal corner of pronotum not carinate, transition between dorsal and lateral faces of the pronotum rounded. Metanotal groove not impressed (p.v.); dorsal profile of mesosoma continuous. Propodeum with basal face laterally immarginate; at meeting of basal and declivous faces one obliquely oriented (almost upward) tooth, which length subequal the half distance between its apex and the propodeal spiracle. Declivous face laterally weakly carinate.</p> <p>Petiole in Figs. 2 b-c, node twice higher than long profile round, not compressed anteroposteriorly, nor laterally expanded, approximately half the width of the postpetiole (d.v.); subpetiolar process shaped as anterior blunt plate (p.v.); postpetiole very broad, antero-posteriorly compressed, subpostpetiolar process ventrally projects as posterior socket of the postpetiole.</p> <p>Gyne: t.l. = 2.60-2.70; h.l. = 0.56-0.60; h.w. = 0.45-0.47; s.l. = 0.35-0.37; m.l.e. = 0.12; m.w.pr. = 0.40-0.41; a.l. = 0.75-0.78; h.f.l. = 0.40-0.43; c.i. 79-83. Color and pilosity as in worker. Sculpture on head as in worker. Pronotal dorsum with few very fine longitudinal costulae, which become more prominent laterally. Scutum smooth; scutellum longitudinally costulate; mesopleuron with very weak, almost indistinct, slightly oblique costulae; sides of metapleuron and propodeum costulate; costulae longitudinal ventrally, posteriorly oblique and curving dorsally. Sides of petiolar peduncle punctate posteriorly, otherwise smooth and shining. Three ocelli equal in size, diameter equal to minimum scape width. Fore wing with open radial cell (Rs not attaining the anterior margin), very small discoidal cell; free abscissa of M entirely lacking at apical field. Remaining characters as in worker.</p> <p>Male: unknown.</p> <p>Examined material: BRAZIL: Paraná: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-51.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.166666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -51.2/lat -26.166666)">Porto Vitória</a> (26°10’S, 51°12’W), x. 1959, 700 m, Plaumann, F. col., W.W.K. # 3209 (1 T paratype); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.683334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.683334/lat -25.766666)">Rio Azul</a> [25°46’S, 50°41’W], x.1959, 1000 m, Plaumann, F. col., W.W.K. # 3189 (3 S paratypes); Tunas, Parque das Lauráceas (24°51’S, 48°43’W), 21-29.ii.2001, [R.R.] Silva and [F.] Eberhardt cols., transecto 1 Winklers 05, 10 and 19 (4 S); Rio Grande do Sul: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.25&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.633333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.25/lat -27.633333)">Barão de Cotegipe</a> [27°38’S, 52°15’W], vii.1960, Plaumann, F. col., W.W.K. # 3765 (1 S paratype); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-53.866665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-29.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -53.866665/lat -29.5)">Boqueirão</a> [29°30’S, 53°52’W], ix.1960, Plaumann col., W.W.K. # 3611 (1 S paratype); Erexim [27°38’S, 52°16’W], vii.1960, Plaumann, F. col., W.W.K. # 8097 (1 S holotype and 11 S paratypes); São Francisco de Paula, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.416668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-29.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.416668/lat -29.383333)">Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula</a> (29°23’S, 50°25’W), 03.vii.2002, Schmidt, F.A. col. (1 S); Santa Catarina: Blumenau [27°06’S, 49°09’W], P[arque] E[stadual] das Nascentes, 20-27.x.2000, Silva, R.R. and Eberhardt, F. cols., (2 S); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.616665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.616665/lat -27.1)">Chapecó</a> [27°06’S, 52°37’W], viii.1960, Plaumann, F. col., W.W.K. # 8331, 9883, (2 S paratypes); same locality, vii.1960, same collector (1 S paratype); same locality, vi, 1960 (1 S paratype); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-51.383335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -51.383335/lat -27.1)">Ibicaré</a> [27°06’S, 51°23’W], ix.1960, Plaumann, F. col., W.W.K. # 3247 (2 T paratypes); Linha Facão, v.1957, Plaumann, F. col., W.W.K. # 8178 (3 S paratypes); Palhoça, P[arque] E[stadual] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.683334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.733334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.683334/lat -27.733334)">Serra do Tabuleiro</a> [27°44’S, 48°41’W], 02-10.vi.2003, Silva, R.R. and Dietz, B.H. cols., (1 S); P. Bormann, xii.1957, Plaumann, F. col., (1 T paratype); [Seara] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.3/lat -27.15)">Nova Teutônia</a> [27°09’S, 52°18’W], vi.1960, Plaumann, F. col., W.W.K. # 8091 (1 S paratype); same locality, xii.1972, same collector, W.W.K. # 8557 (1 T paratype); same locality, xii.1972, same collector, W.W.K. # 8383 (1 T paratype); São Paulo: Botucatu [22°53’S, 48°26’W], 08.ix.1986, Forti, L.C. col. (1 S – soil trap); same locality, 07.xii.1987, Forti, L.C. and Rinaldi, I.M.P. cols (1 S); Cunha, P [arque] E[stadual] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.0/lat -23.25)">Serra do Mar</a> (23°15’S, 45°00’W), 21-22.iv.2001, A.A. Tavares &amp; R.R. Silva cols (4 S).</p> <p>Comments: In relation to the Oxyepoecus Rastratus species-group, O. plaumanni workers present exclusively the costulate sculpture between the frontal carinae, which do not reach the vertexal margin or laterally the compound eyes (Kempf, 1974: Figs. 27, 28, 29 and 30).</p> <p>In the original description, Kempf (1974) cited a paratype from Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul state, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-29.266666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.3/lat -29.266666)">Tainhas</a> [29°16’S, 50°18’W], collected in April. 1959, by F. Plaumann, (W.W.K. # 3247). However, although the pin and label are preserved in the MZSP collection, the specimen is missing from the triangle. We were not able to locate coordinates for Linha Facão, SC.</p> <p>The distribution of O. plaumanni includes only localities at South and São Paulo State at Southeastern Brazil (Fig. 7), both in dense evergreen and drier forests.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED3E5E1F4576FFB5FCFDFCB2FCEC69EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de;Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de, Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira (2009): A revision of the Neotropical Solenopsidini ant genus OXYEPOECUS Santschi, 1926 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). 2. Final. Key for species and revision of the Rastratus species-group. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (23): 289-309, DOI: 10.1590/s0031-10492009002300001
ED3E5E1F4574FFB1FCF1FA52FDCB6831.text	ED3E5E1F4574FFB1FCF1FA52FDCB6831.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyepoecus rastratus (Mayr 1887)	<div><p>Oxyepoecus rastratus (Mayr, 1887)</p> <p>(Figs. 3 a-c, 7)</p> <p>Monomorium rastratum Mayr, 1887:615-6 (s Brazil).</p> <p>Monomorium (Martia) rastratum: Forel, 1912: 3 (s Brazil); Borgmeier, 1928:65 (key).</p> <p>Martia rastrata: Kusnezov, 1952: 722.</p> <p>Oxyepoecus rastratus: Ettershank, 1966: 146 (transfer to Oxyepoecus); Kempf, 1972:173 (catalogue); Kempf, 1974:498 (description of gyne and male); Bolton, 1995:302 (catalogue).</p> <p>Monomorium (Martia) rastratum var. luederwaldti: Forel, 1913:219 (s Brazil); Luederwaldt, 1918:43; Luederwaldt, 1926:275 (biology); Kempf, 1974:498 (synonymy).</p> <p>Martia rastrata var. luederwaldti: Kusnezov, 1952:722.</p> <p>Oxyepoecus rastratus var. luederwaldti: Ettershank, 1966:146 (transfer to Oxyepoecus); Kempf, 1972:173; Kempf, 1974: 498. Bolton, 1995:301 (catalogue).</p> <p>Worker: t.l. = (2.20-2.80); h.l. = (0.52-0.65); h.w. = (0.43-0.55); s.l. = (0.30-0.40); m.l.e. = (0.09-0.13); m.w.pr. = (0.32-0.40); a.l. = (0.60-0.80); h.f.l. = (0.36-0.48); m.w.p. = (0.18-0.25); m.w.pp. = (0.21-0.32); c.i. 76-84. Reddish yellow to chestnut brown. Dorsum of head densely costulate, costulae attain laterally compound eye and posteriorly the vertexal margin; the median apron of clypeus smooth and shining; dorsum of pronotum and mesonotum regularly costulate; mesopleuron, metapleuron and side of propodeum densely and longitudinally costulate; basal and declivous faces of propodeum equally densely but transversally costulate (approximately 20 costulae on basal face); peduncle of petiole finely and weakly punctate dorsally and on sides. Abundant, long (subequal to last antennal club segment), suberect hairs on head, dorsum of mesosoma, petiolar and postpetiolar nodes, and gaster; shorter decumbent hairs on head, inclined mesad and dorsad on head sides.</p> <p>Head in Fig. 3a (f.f.v.): Mandible with basal border shorter than chewing border, and with deep and broad triangular cleft between basal and the subbasal teeth; clypeus anterior tooth laterally with blunt denticle. Frontal carina short, posteriorly expanded laterad, ending posteriorly before level of anterior orbit of eye; maximum width between outer edges of carinae more than one fourth head width. Compound eye with 5-7 facets r.g.d., total number of ommatidia close to 15. Scape relatively long, but fails to reach vertexal corner when laid back over head, by circa twice apical scape width. Funicular segment I longer than VIII, segments II-VII distinctly broader than long, VIII and IX as long as broad. Vertexal margin straight</p> <p>Mesosoma in Fig. 3b (p.v.). Promesonotum evenly convex. Shoulders somewhat rounded, gently angulate at anterolateral corner. Metanotal groove shallow to absent (p.v.), metanotal suture indistinct. Basal face of propodeum posteriorly with vertical or oblique tooth. Declivous face laterally carinate.</p> <p>Petiolar node, scalelike, compressed antero-posteriorly, rounded above; ventrally acute subpetiolar process with prominent blunt tooth points anterad, reaching one fifth of petiolar length; ventral margin of subpetiolar process slightly sinuous, when seen from side. Postpetiolar node broad, shorter than petiolar node (p.v.); subpostpetiolar process shaped as transverse crest, triangular in side view.</p> <p>Gyne:t.l. = 2.2-2.8; h.l. = 0.52-0.65; h.w. = 0.43-0.55; s.l. = 0.30-0.40; m.l.e. = 0.09-0.13; m.w.pr. = 0.32-0.40; a.l. = 0.60-0.80; h.f.l. = 0.36-0.48; m.w.p. = 0.18-0.25; m.w.pp. = 0.21-0.32; c.i. 76-84. Similar to worker with usual caste differences. Scutum and scutellum finely, densely and regularly longitudinally costulate. Basal face of propodeum transversely costulate, with circa 16 costulae. Posterior third of mesopleuron, the metapleuron and sides of propodeum horizontally to obliquely very finely costulate. Eye width 11-13 facets (r.g.d.), exceeding oculomalar distance, and total number of ommatidia from 60 to 100. Ocelli of similar size, their diameter equal to minimum scape width; pronotal shoulder distinct; propodeal tooth stout and prominent. Wings slightly infuscated, venation as usual in genus. The only winged specimen seen has small discoidal cell, and an extra-vein arising from junction of r-m with Rs and extending apicad between Rs and M.</p> <p>Male: t.l. = 2.9; h.l. = 0.51; h.w. (eyes included) = 0.60; s.l. = 0.12; m.l.e. = 0.24; m.w.pr. = 0.60; a.l. = 0.93; h.f.l. = 0.58; m.w.p. = 0.19; m.w.pp. = 0.24. Color fuscous brown; mandible, antenna, apical half of tibiae, tarsomeres, tip of gaster testaceous. Head finely yet sharply reticulate-punctate, opaque. Sides of pronotum and mesopleuron smooth and shining, the latter vestigially costulate on posterior margin. Metapleuron and propodeal lateral face horizontally costulate. Scutum nearly smooth and shining, indistinctly sculptured. Scutellum superficially, finely, longitudinally costulate-striate. Basal face of propodeum weakly reticulate-rugose. Declivous face weakly reticulate-rugose, shining. Petiole, postpetiole and gaster smooth and shining, except punctate petiolar peduncle. Legs, especially tibiae and tarsomeres, as well as antennae sharply punctatepunctate and opaque. Mandible with 4 well developed and regularly spaced teeth. Frontal carinae absent. Clypeus transversely strongly convex, little protruding anteriorly. Propodeum bluntly tuberculate, not dentate.</p> <p>Examined material: BRAZIL: Espírito Santo: Santa Teresa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.533333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.966667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.533333/lat -19.966667)">Estação Biológica Santa Lúcia</a> (19°58’S, 40°32’W), 20-24.i.2002, Shoereder, J.H. and Ribas, C.R. cols, Winkler # 17 and 39 (3 S); Minas Gerais: Serra do Caraça [20°04’S, 43°24’W], 1380 m, xi.1961, Martins &amp; Silva col., K. Lenko leg. # 2390 (5 S, 2 T, 1 U); Itabirito, mina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.066668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.4/lat -20.066668)">Várzea do Lopes</a>, 18-25.iv.2007, Andrade, R. col. (1 S); Paraná: Tunas, Parque das Lauráceas (24°51’S, 48°43’W), 21-29.ii.2001, [R.R.] Silva and [F.] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.883335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.566668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.883335/lat -25.566668)">Eberhardt</a> cols., transecto 1 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.883335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.566668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.883335/lat -25.566668)">Winkler</a> 07, 30 and 44 (5 S); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.883335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.566668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.883335/lat -25.566668)">Morretes</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.883335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.566668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.883335/lat -25.566668)">Parque Estadual</a> do <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.883335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.566668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.883335/lat -25.566668)">Pau-Ôco</a> (25°34’S, 48°53’W), 06-11.v.2002, [R.R.] Silva and [F.] Eberhardt cols. Winkler 03, 16, 17, 21, 26 and 53 (5 S) (1 S CASC, 1 S AMNH); Rio de Janeiro: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.066666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.416666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.066666/lat -22.416666)">Itatiaia</a>, i.1956, Borgmeier col. [22°23’S, 44°37’W] (1 S); Santa Maria Madalena, P [arque] E[stadual] do Desengano (21°58’S, 41°57’W), x.2002, Mayhé, A. &amp; Veiga-Ferreira, S. cols, Winkler # 29 and 43 (2 S); Teresópolis, P [arque] N[acional] S[erra] dos Órgãos (22°25’S, 43°04’W), 23-27.xi.1999, Rocha [R.P.], Dietz [B.H.], Silva [R.R.] [8 S (one covered with gold for SEM), 1 t]; Santa Catarina: Abelardo Luz (26°33’53”S, 52°19’42”W), 20.ix.1999, Silva, [R]ogério [R]osa col. (1 S); Blumenau, P[arque] E[stadual] das <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-49.15389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.104168" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -49.15389/lat -27.104168)">Nascentes</a> (27°06’15”S, 49°09’14”W), 20-27.x.2000, Silva, R.R. and Eberhardt, F. cols (1 S); Seara (27°09’S, 52°18’W), v-xii.1998, Rogério R. Silva col. (1 S); Nova Teutônia [27°11’S, 52°23’W], iv.1954, F. Plaumann leg. # 8111 (1 S); same locality, vi.1960, same collector, # 8081 (6 S); same locality, vi.1960, same collector, # 8327, (1 S); same locality, vi.1960, same collector, 300 m- 500 m Kempf det. in [19]74 (1 S); same locality, vii.1960, same collector, # 3543 (4 S and 2 T); same locality, vi.1972, same collector, # 8081 [27°11’S, 52°23’W] (3 S); São Bento do Sul, A [rea] [de] P[roteção] A[mbiental] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.911392&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.818335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.911392/lat -27.818335)">Rio Vermelho</a>, 30.iii-04.iv.2001, Silva, R.R. and Eberhardt, F. cols., [26°21’51”S, 49°16’16”W] (2 S); São Bonifácio, P [arque] E[stadual] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.911392&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.818335" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.911392/lat -27.818335)">Serra do Tabuleiro</a>, 08-13.iii.2004, Silva, R.R.; Dietz, B.H. and Albuquerque, N.L. cols., Winkler # 06, 13, 21 and 23 [27°49’06”S, 48°54’41”W] (5 T and 4 S) (1 S CECL, 1 S CPDC, 1 S MIZA); São Paulo: Botucatu, 01.ix.1986 / 13.vii.1987 / 07.xii.1987, Forti, L.C. and Rinaldi, I.M.P. cols. [22°53’S, 48°26’W] (4 S /1 S / 1 S); Cunha, P [arque] E[stadual] Serra do Mar, 21-22.iv.2001, A.A. Tavares &amp; R.R. Silva cols <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.966667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.883333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.966667/lat -23.883333)">Winkler</a> # 48 [23°15’03”S, 45°00’26”W] (1 S); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.966667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.883333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.966667/lat -23.883333)">Estr.</a> [ada] S. Paulo-Curitiba km 40, v.1960, W.W. Kempf col. [23°53’S, 46°58’W] (2 S); São Paulo, [Serra da] Cantareira, 01.iii.1959, [W.W.] Kempf &amp; [Vitor dos] Santos leg. # 2990 [23°56’S, 47°02’W] (5 S); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-55.833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -55.833332/lat -25.383333)">Salesópolis</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-55.833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -55.833332/lat -25.383333)">Est</a> [ação] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-55.833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -55.833332/lat -25.383333)">Biol</a> [ógica] [de] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-55.833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -55.833332/lat -25.383333)">Boracéia</a>, 02.vi.1961, Lenko, K. col. # 1791 [23°31’S, 45°50’W] (8 S); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-55.833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -55.833332/lat -25.383333)">Salesópolis</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-55.833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -55.833332/lat -25.383333)">Est</a> [ação] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-55.833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -55.833332/lat -25.383333)">Biol</a> [ógica] [de] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-55.833332&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -55.833332/lat -25.383333)">Boracéia</a>, ii.1967, Brown, W.L. Jr. [col.], wet forest 850 m [23°31’S, 45°50’W] (4 S); same locality, v.1971, same collector [col.] # 6352 [23°31’S, 45°50’W] (5 S); Salesópolis, Est [ação] Biol [ógica] [de] Boracéia, 03-05.i.1996, Brandão [C.R. F.], Agosti [D.], Diniz [J.], Silvestre [R.] and Yamamoto [C.I.] col. (2 S) (1 S ICNC, 1 S LACM, 1 S USNM); S[ão] J[osé] do Barreiro, S [erra] da Bocaina, 01.v.1995, B[odo] H[asso] Dietz. [col.] [22°39’S, 44°33’W] (2 S); Salto Grande, xi.1911, H. Luederwaldt leg. # TB 2687 [22°56’S, 49°58’W] (3 S syntypes of Martia rastratus var. luederwaldti For.); Tapiraí, 08-14.i.2001, Silva, R.R. and Eberhardt, F. cols., Winkler # 02, 10 and 33 [24°01’55”S, 47°27’56”W] (5 S). Paraguay: Canindeyù; Res [erva] Nat [atural] Bosque Mbaracayù, Jejuimi, 02.v.1996, A. Wild com (# 0129) (24°06’S, 55°30’W) (5 S); Pastoreo, 03.x.1974, P. Duelli [col.] # 399 [25°23’S, 55°50’W] (3 S).</p> <p>Comments: The exclusive character of the workers of O. rastratus in relation to other species in the group is the costulate sculpture between the frontal carinae, which reaches posteriorly the vertexal margin and laterally the compound eyes (Kempf, 1974: Figs. 01, 10, 13, 19, 40, 41 and 42).</p> <p>Oxyepoecus rastratus is one of the more abundant species in the MZSP collection, being the unique to have male known. Its distribution includes localities throughout the South (Paraná and Santa Catarina states) and Southeastern Brazil (Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo states), and two localities in Eastern Paraguay, as in Fig. 7.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED3E5E1F4574FFB1FCF1FA52FDCB6831	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de;Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de, Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira (2009): A revision of the Neotropical Solenopsidini ant genus OXYEPOECUS Santschi, 1926 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). 2. Final. Key for species and revision of the Rastratus species-group. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (23): 289-309, DOI: 10.1590/s0031-10492009002300001
ED3E5E1F4570FFB0FF04FB12FBF56DCE.text	ED3E5E1F4570FFB0FF04FB12FBF56DCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyepoecus reticulatus Kempf 1974	<div><p>Oxyepoecus reticulatus Kempf, 1974</p> <p>(Figs. 4 a-c, 8)</p> <p>Oxyepoecus reticulatus Kempf, 1974:502 (description of worker and gyne); Bolton, 1995:302 (catalogue).</p> <p>Worker (Holotype): t.l. = 1.90 (1.90-2.30); h.l. = 0.51 (0.48-0.56); h.w. = 0.41 (0.38-0.44); s.l. = 0.31 (0.29-0.35); m.l.e. = 0.07 (0.05-0.07); m.w.pr. = 0.31 (0.27-0.32); a.l. = 0.57 (0.51-0.62); h.f.l. = 0.33 (0.29-0.37); m.w.p. = 0.15 (0.13-0.15); m.w.pp. = 0.23 (0.16-0.23); c.i. 82 (77-84). Color chestnut brown. Mandible, antennae, ventral face of head, declivous face of propodeum, legs, petiolar node, postpetiole and gaster shining, smooth to very superficially and indistinctly sculptured. Remaining parts opaque with following sculpture: head dorsum and vertex irregularly costulate, except for smooth and shining strip between frontal carinae. Pronotum longitudinally costulate dorsally and laterally; strongly punctute on dorsum, weakly to imperceptible on side, mesonotum and remaining mesosomal side irregularly reticulate and punctate, coarser on metapleuron; basal face of propodeum with anterior half transversely costulate, posterior half with weak and almost imperceptible transverse costulae; declivous face shining. Short hairs relatively abundant on head; curved mesad on head dorsum, anteriorly curved on sides; subdecumbent to decumbent on antennae and legs; suberect and moderately abundant on dorsum of mesosoma, waist and gaster, the latter also with some shorter, recurved hairs.</p> <p>Head in Fig. 4a (f.f.v.): Mandible with basal border slightly longer than chewing border, with basal tooth separated from subbasal tooth by shallow diastema. Anterior tooth of clypeus with lateral denticle. Frontal carinae short, subparallel, little expanded laterad, ending at level of anterior orbit of eye, maximum width between their outer edges less than one third of head width. Compound eye very small, with some 4 facets r.g.d., total number of ommatidia circa 12. Scape fails to reach vertexal corner by distance exceeding maximum scape width. Funnicular segment I longer than VIII and IX taken individually, as long as II-IV combined; segments VIII and IX about as long as broad. Vertexal margin straight.</p> <p>Mesosoma (p.v.) in Fig. 4b. Promesonotum gently convex, transition between the dorsal and lateral surfaces of pronotum continuous, almost rounded. Metanotal groove not impressed in lateral view, metanotal suture indistinct. Basal face of propodeum posteriorly with a very small but pointed tooth. Declivous face laterally subcarinate.</p> <p>Petiole strongly pedunculate (d.v.), node high and dorsally rounded, somewhat compressed antero-posteriorly, but not much expanded laterad; subpetiolar process anteriorly shaped as small tooth, obliquely and forward oriented. Postpetiole much broader than petiole, expanded laterad; subpospetiolar process with anterior margin projecting as crest.</p> <p>Gyne (Paratype): t.l. = 2.50; h.l. = 0.55; h.w. = 0.45; s.l. = 0.33; m.l.e. = 0.11; m.w.pr. = 0.40; a.l. = 0.71; h.f.l. = 0.37; m.w.p. = 0.17; m.w.pp. = 0.27; c.i. 83. Resembling worker, with distinctive characters of caste. Cephalic dorsum finely, longitudinally costulate, with conspicuous interstitial punctures, sculpture attaining both vertex and eyes, as in worker. Eye with some 10 facets r.g.d. Laterotergite of pronotum, katepisternum and rest of mesosomal sides with horizontal costulae, the interstitial microsculpture almost imperceptible. Pronotum dorsolaterally finely and obliquely costulate. Scutum and scutellum longitudinally costulate, opaque. Basal face of propodeum with about 10 transverse rugulae. Propodeal teeth short but pointed, distance between their tips subequal to width of petiole. Posterior surface of postpetiole with several transverse costae. The available gyne specimen had no wings.</p> <p>Male: unknown.</p> <p>Examined material: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-42.866665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -42.866665/lat -20.75)">Viçosa</a>, 06.v.1988, M.V.B. Queiroz col., cafezal [coffee plantantion] [20°45’S, 42°52’W] (1 S); Paraná: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.233334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.266666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.233334/lat -25.266666)">Guaragi</a>, v.1964, F. Plaumann leg. # 4008, [25°16’S, 50°14’W] (1 S paratype); same locality, v.1964, F. Plaumann leg. # 4580, collected 1000 m 25°16’S, 50°14’W (1 S paratype); Mariópolis, without date, F. Plaumann leg. [26°21’S, 52°33’W] (1 T paratype); Tunas, Parque das Lauráceas, 21-29.ii.2001, [R.R.] Silva and [F.] Eberhardt cols., transecto 1 Winkler 43 [24°51’16”S, 48°43’00,4”W] (3 S); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-50.783333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.733334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -50.783333/lat -25.733334)">Rio Azul</a>, x.1959, F. Plaumann [col.] # 3188, 1000 m [25°44’S, 50°47’W] (1 S paratype); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-51.366665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -51.366665/lat -23.3)">Rolândia</a>, 06.iv.1955, W. Kempf [col.] # 1414 [23°18’S, 51°22’W] (2 S paratypes); Santa Catarina: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.616665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.616665/lat -27.1)">Chapecó</a>, v.1957, F. Plaumann leg. [27°06’S, 52°37’W] (5 S paratypes); same locality, vi.1960, same collector, (4 S paratypes); same locality, vii.1960, same collector, (3 S paratypes); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.016666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.216667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.016666/lat -27.216667)">Concórdia</a>, vii.1958, F. Plaumann leg. [27°13’S, 52°01’W] (1 S paratype); Linha Facão, v.1957, F. Plaumann [col.] (6 S paratypes); P. Bormann, xii.1957, F. Plaumann [col.], (1 S paratype); Seara (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.3/lat -27.15)">Nova Teutônia</a>), viii.1952, F. Plaumann [col.], Borg [meier] collection # 5954 [27°09’S, 52°18’W] (12 S holotype and paratypes); same locality, viii.1952, F. Plaumann [col.] 27°11’S, 52°23’W (6 S paratypes); Seara, v-xii.1998, Rogério R. Silva col. 27°09’S, 52°18’W, transecto 1 <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-52.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -52.3/lat -27.15)">Winkler</a> (2 S); São Paulo: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-49.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -49.0/lat -22.45)">Agudos</a>, 25.iii.1955, W. Kempf [col.], # 1405 [22°27’S, 49°00’W] (8 S paratypes); same locality, 4.i.1956, W. Kempf [col.], # 1552, (1 S paratype); same locality, 08.i.1956, W. Kempf [col.], # 1560, (2 S paratypes); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.566666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.733334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.566666/lat -22.733334)">Campos do Jordão</a>, 16.x.1956, W. Kempf [col.], # 1601 [22°44’S, 45°34’W] (1 S paratype); Itatinga, 19.x.1991, B.H. Dietz col. mata litter [23°07’S, 48°35’W] (5 S); Jacupiranga, xi.1963, F. Plaumann [col.], # 4089 [24°42’S, 48°00’W] (1 S); [São Bernardo do Campo] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.7" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.0/lat -24.7)">Estrada Velha</a> São Paulo – Santos [Old São Paulo – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.466667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.816668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.466667/lat -23.816668)">Santos Highway</a>], 08.viii.1960, W. Kempf [col.] [23°49’S, 46°28’W] (6 S paratypes).</p> <p>Comments: In the Rastratus species-group, O. reticulatus workers present exclusively the integument almost entirely covered by irregular somewhat undulate costulae on the head disc, mesosoma and dorsal petiolar peduncle (Kempf, 1974: Figs. 23, 24, 25 and 26).</p> <p>Oxyepoecus reticulatus has been registered in several localities in South and Southeastern Brazil from Minas Gerais to Santa Catarina states (Fig. 8), more commonly in relatively dry forests.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED3E5E1F4570FFB0FF04FB12FBF56DCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de;Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de, Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira (2009): A revision of the Neotropical Solenopsidini ant genus OXYEPOECUS Santschi, 1926 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). 2. Final. Key for species and revision of the Rastratus species-group. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (23): 289-309, DOI: 10.1590/s0031-10492009002300001
ED3E5E1F4571FFACFC99FE72FF056E6E.text	ED3E5E1F4571FFACFC99FE72FF056E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyepoecus rosai De Albuquerque & Brandão 2009	<div><p>Oxyepoecus rosai n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs. 5 a-c, 8)</p> <p>Oxyepoecus rosai n. sp. Albuquerque &amp; Brandão. Holotype: worker. Brazil: São Paulo: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.883335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.883335/lat -23.65)">Salesópolis</a> [23°39’S, 45°53’W], 20-26.x.1997, C. Klingenberg &amp; C.I. Yamamoto col., attracted to sardine baits; deposited in MZSP.</p> <p>Paratypes (all from Brazil): São Paulo: forty one workers and two gynes from Salesópolis (Same locality of the Holotype, but collected in different dates and by different collectors); 33 workers and 2 gynes deposited in MZSP, one worker deposited in AMNH, one worker deposited in CASC, one worker deposited in CECL, one worker deposited in CPDC, one worker deposited in ICNC, one worker deposited in LACM, one worker deposited in MIZA, one worker deposited in USNM.</p> <p>Etymology: we are pleased to dedicate this species to our friend and colleague, Rogério Rosa da Silva, the most efficient collector in our team.</p> <p>Worker (Holotype and paratypes (N = 33) variation within brackets): t.l. = 2.33 (2.30-2,40); h.l. = 0.60 (0.60-0.63); h.w. = 0.45 (0.43-0.48); s.l. = 0.35 (0.35-0.38); m.l.e. = 0.10 (0.10-0.13); m.w.pr. = 0.33 (0.30-0.35); a.l. = 0.65 (0.65-0.68); h.f.l. = 0.35 (0.35-0.38); m.w.p. = 0.20 (0.20-0.23); m.w.pp. = 0.25 (0.25-0.28); c.i. 75 (72-76). Color chestnut brown, gaster fuscous. Irregularly costulae and rugulate sculpture covering almost all head dorsum integument, except by clypeus, around antennal insertions and vertex; almost all mesosoma irregularly reticulate, except antero-lateral portion of pronotum, area around propodeal spiracle, petiolar peduncle dorsum, node of petiole and postpetiole smooth and shining. Hairs moderately abundant, short and subdecumbent, on head dorsum mesad oriented, anteriorly curved on head sides; dorsum of mesosoma with suberect hairs, backwards oriented on petiolar and postpetiole nodes; gaster without interspersed shorter and decumbent hairs.</p> <p>Head as in Fig. 5a (f.f.v.): Mandible with basal border slightly shorter than chewing border, basal tooth separated from subbasal tooth by shallow diastema. Anterior tooth of clypeus mesially directed with smaller lateral denticle. Frontal carinae gently convex and subparallel over antennal sockets, maximum width between outer edges always less than one fourth head width. Compound eye with 4-5 facets r.g.d., height less than oculomalar; total number of ommatidia not exceeding 13. Antennal scape fails to reach vertexal corner by distance approximately equal to maximum scape width. Funnicular segment I longer than II-V combined, segments II-VII distinctly broader than long, VIII and IX as long as broad. Vertexal margin straight.</p> <p>Mesosoma with promesonotum gently rounded on shoulders. Metanotal groove almost indistinct (p.v.). Basal face of propodeum immarginate on sides, posteriorly with a small tooth. Declivous face laterally weakly carinate.</p> <p>Petiole pedunculate, node scarcely compressed antero-posteriorly (d.v.) club shaped; subpetiolar process with a small, blunt and obliquely oriented denticle anteriorly. Postpetiole very broad, not as high as petiolar node; subpostpetiolar process shaped as small, transversal crest.</p> <p>Gyne (variation of gynes paratypes, N = 2): t.l. = (2.80-2.93); h.l. = (0.60-0.63); h.w. = (0.50-0.53); s.l. = (0.40-0.43); m.l.e. = (0.25-0.30); m.w.pr. = (0.43-0.45); a.l. = (0.70-0.73); h.f.l. = (0.38-0.40); m.w.p. = (0.18-0.20); m.w.pp. = (0.33-0.35); c.i. (83-85). Almost same workers character states, with caste differences of: three ocelli very small, with same diameter, approximately half minimum thickness of antennal scape, compound eye with 8 facets r.g.d., and circa 40 in whole eye.</p> <p>Male: Unknown.</p> <p>Comments: In the Rastratus species-group, O. rosai workers present the integument of mesopleuron and lateral pronotum irregularly sculptured, as in O. myops, but differs from the later by the larger compound eyes, and by the smooth integument on the head vertex and lateral portions of the pronotum, petiolar node, and postpetiole.</p> <p>The distribution of O. rosai includes only localities at South and Southeastern Brazil, between São Paulo and Santa Catarina States (Fig. 8). The specimens were attracted to sardine baits or recovered from the leaf-litter using Winkler extractors.</p> <p>Examined material: BRAZIL: Paraná: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.716667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.716667/lat -24.85)">Tunas</a>, Parque das Lauráceas, 21-29.ii.2001, [R.R.] Silva and [F.] Eberhardt cols., transecto 1 Winkler 44 [24°51’S, 48°43’W] (1 S); Rio de Janeiro: Teresópolis, P [arque] N[acional] da S[erra] dos O[rgãos], 23-27.xi.1999, Rocha [R.P.], Dietz [B.H.], Silva [R.R.] cols., Winkler # 07 and 17 [22°27’S, 42°59’W] (3 S); Santa Catarina: Blumenau, P [arque] E[stadual] das Nascentes, 20-27. x.2000, Silva, R.R. and Eberhardt, F. cols., Winkler # 18 [27°06’S, 49°09’W] (2 S); Palhoça, P [arque] E[stadual] Serra do Tabuleiro, 02-10.vi.2003, Silva, R.R. and Dietz, B.H. cols., [27°44’S, 48°41’W] (1 S); São Bonifácio, P [arque] E[stadual] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.9&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.816668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.9/lat -27.816668)">Serra do Tabuleiro</a>, 08-13.iii.2004, Silva, R.R.; Dietz, B.H. and Albuquerque, N.L. cols., Winkler # 02, 08, 12, 13 and 14 [27°49’S, 48°54’W] (10 S); Seara, vi-vii.1999, Rogério R. Silva col. 27°09’S, 52°18’W (5 S); São Paulo: Botucatu, 08.ix.1986, Forti, L.C. col [22°53’S, 48°26’W] (5 S); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.883335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.883335/lat -23.65)">Salesópolis</a>, 02-06.v.1997, D. Agosti, C.R.F. Brandão and C.I.Yamamoto col., [23°39’S, 45°53’W] (16 S paratypes and 1 T paratype); same locality, 12-17.vi.1997, C.I.Yamamoto col, same coordinates (1 S paratypes); same locality, 05-07.vii.1997, C.I.Yamamoto col, same coordinates (9 S paratypes); same locality, 05-07.ix.1997, C.I.Yamamoto col, same coordinates (2 S and 1 T paratypes); same locality, 20-26.x.1997, C. Klingenberg &amp; C.I. Yamamoto col., attracted to sardine baits (Sardinha) (1 S holotype and 1 S paratype); São Paulo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-46.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.583334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -46.6/lat -23.583334)">Parque da Independência</a>, 12.x.1998, C.I.Yamamoto col., [23°35’S, 46°36’W] (1 S Paratypes).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED3E5E1F4571FFACFC99FE72FF056E6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de;Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira	Albuquerque, Nicolas Lavour de, Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira (2009): A revision of the Neotropical Solenopsidini ant genus OXYEPOECUS Santschi, 1926 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). 2. Final. Key for species and revision of the Rastratus species-group. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (23): 289-309, DOI: 10.1590/s0031-10492009002300001
