taxonID	type	description	language	source
540D8D35BE38E50BE6177A53954B15EB.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 3 genera with 3 species: Genus Desmodus Wied-Neuwied 1826 (1 species) Genus Diaemus Miller 1906 (1 species) Genus Diphylla Spix 1823 (1 species)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
540D8D35BE38E50BE6177A53954B15EB.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Formerly treated as a separate family; see Jones and Carter (1976). See Emmons (1997) for distribution maps.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7AFCCD90A722B2A1C44BDE2B7DB940B5.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Paraguay, Asunción (restricted by Cabrera, 1958).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7AFCCD90A722B2A1C44BDE2B7DB940B5.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Uruguay, N Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, and N Chile north to Sonora, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas (Mexico); Margarita Isl (Venezuela); Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7AFCCD90A722B2A1C44BDE2B7DB940B5.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7AFCCD90A722B2A1C44BDE2B7DB940B5.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Greenhall et al. (1983).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
70D428A9FC1A8772A74CE3B3E443F432.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Desmodus rufus Wied-Neuwied 1824	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
70D428A9FC1A8772A74CE3B3E443F432.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Desmodus rotundus (E. Geoffroy 1810)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9618166D8768033D149106743C55E060.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Desmodus youngi Jentink 1893	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9618166D8768033D149106743C55E060.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Diaemus youngi (Jentink 1893)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9618166D8768033D149106743C55E060.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Included in Desmodus by Handley (1976) and Anderson (1997), but more often treated as a distinct genus; see Greenhall and Schutt (1996).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
992FCACA7CD91F4AF68C4507CA3B62D9.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guyana, Berbice River, upper Canje Creek.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
992FCACA7CD91F4AF68C4507CA3B62D9.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tamaulipas (Mexico) south to N Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, and E Brazil; Trinidad; Margarita Isl (Venezuela).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
992FCACA7CD91F4AF68C4507CA3B62D9.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
992FCACA7CD91F4AF68C4507CA3B62D9.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Greenhall and Schutt (1996). Sometimes spelled youngii, but youngi is the original spelling.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
333C95AC0737C6E7023C2591DC411076.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 55 genera with 160 species in 7 subfamilies and 4 tribes: Subfamily Desmodontinae Bonaparte 1845 Genus Desmodus Wied-Neuwied 1826 (1 species) Genus Diaemus Miller 1906 (1 species) Genus Diphylla Spix 1823 (1 species) Subfamily Brachyphyllinae Gray 1866 Genus Brachyphylla Gray 1833 (2 species with 3 subspecies) Subfamily Phyllonycterinae Miller 1907 Genus Erophylla Miller 1906 (2 species with 6 subspecies) Genus Phyllonycteris Gundlach 1860 (3 species with 2 subspecies) Subfamily Glossophaginae Bonaparte 1845 Tribe Glossophagini Bonaparte 1845 Genus Anoura Gray 1838 (5 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Choeroniscus Thomas 1928 (3 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Choeronycteris Tschudi 1844 (1 species) Genus Glossophaga E. Geoffroy 1818 (5 species with 18 subspecies) Genus Hylonycteris Thomas 1903 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Leptonycteris Lydekker 1891 (3 species) Genus Lichonycteris Thomas 1895 (1 species) Genus Monophyllus Leach 1821 (2 species with 6 subspecies) Genus Musonycteris Schaldach and McLaughlin 1960 (1 species) Genus Scleronycteris Thomas 1912 (1 species) Tribe Lonchophyllini Griffiths 1982 Genus Lionycteris Thomas 1913 (1 species) Genus Lonchophylla Thomas 1903 (7 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Platalina Thomas 1928 (1 species) Subfamily Phyllostominae Gray 1825 Genus Chrotopterus Peters 1865 (1 species) Genus Glyphonycteris Thomas 1896 (3 species) Genus Lampronycteris Sanborn 1949 (1 species) Genus Lonchorhina Tomes 1863 (5 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Lophostoma d'Orbigny 1836 (5 species with 4 subspecies) Genus Macrophyllum Gray 1838 (1 species) Genus Macrotus Gray 1843 (2 species with 6 subspecies) Genus Micronycteris Gray 1866 (9 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Mimon Gray 1847 (4 species with 4 subspecies) Genus Neonycteris Sanborn 1949 (1 species) Genus Phylloderma Peters 1865 (1 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Phyllostomus Lacépède 1799 (4 species with 4 subspecies) Genus Tonatia Gray 1827 (2 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Trachops Gray 1847 (1 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Trinycteris Sanborn 1949 (1 species) Genus Vampyrum Rafinesque 1815 (1 species) Subfamily Carolliinae Miller 1924 Genus Carollia Gray 1838 (6 species) Genus Rhinophylla Peters 1865 (3 species) Subfamily Stenodermatinae Gervais 1856 Tribe Sturnirini Miller 1907 Genus Sturnira Gray 1842 (14 species with 11 subspecies) Tribe Stenodermatini Gervais 1856 Genus Ametrida Gray 1847 (1 species) Genus Ardops Miller 1906 (1 species with 5 subspecies) Genus Ariteus Gray 1838 (1 species) Genus Artibeus Leach 1821 (18 species with 25 subspecies) Genus Centurio Gray 1842 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Chiroderma Peters 1860 (5 species with 4 subspecies) Genus Ectophylla H. Allen 1892 (1 species) Genus Enchisthenes K. Andersen 1906 (1 species) Genus Mesophylla Thomas 1901 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Phyllops Peters 1865 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Platyrrhinus Saussure 1860 (10 species with 7 subspecies) Genus Pygoderma Peters 1863 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Sphaeronycteris Peters 1882 (1 species) Genus Stenoderma E. Geoffroy 1818 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Uroderma Peters 1865 (2 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Vampyressa Thomas 1900 (6 species) Genus Vampyrodes Thomas 1900 (1 species with 2 subspecies)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
333C95AC0737C6E7023C2591DC411076.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes Desmodontidae; see Jones and Carter (1976). For use of Phyllostomidae rather than Phyllostomatidae, see Handley (1980). The classification used here generally follows that of Wetterer et al. (2000), which was based on a phylogenetic analysis of morphological data, restriction sites, and sex chromosomes; all genera, tribes, and subfamilies appear to be monophyletic unless otherwise noted. See Baker et al. (2000) for an alternative phylogeny based on mtDNA sequence data; also see Baker et al. (1989). Carstens et al. (2002) provided a updated phylogeny of the nectar-feeding subfamilies (Brachyphyllinae, Phyllonycterinae, and Glossophaginae) based on combined analysis of morphological and molecular data.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6EAFB2F37FD66FB419200936FDD80CDF.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: St. Vincent (Lesser Antilles, UK).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6EAFB2F37FD66FB419200936FDD80CDF.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Brachyphylla cavernarum subsp. cavernarum Gray 1833 Subspecies Brachyphylla cavernarum subsp. intermedia Swanepoel and Genoways 1978 Subspecies Brachyphylla cavernarum subsp. minor Miller 1913	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6EAFB2F37FD66FB419200936FDD80CDF.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Puerto Rico, Virgin Isls and throughout Lesser Antilles south to St. Vincent and Barbados.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6EAFB2F37FD66FB419200936FDD80CDF.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6EAFB2F37FD66FB419200936FDD80CDF.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes minor; see Swanepoel and Genoways (1978) and Varona (1974). Reviewed by Swanepoel and Genoways (1983 a) and Timm and Genoways (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E6B994629FD0DB5C2B6D5989D9349781.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: St. Vincent (Lesser Antilles, UK).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
90696E3088B6AE86B5746EE14588594A.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Brachyphylla cavernarum Gray 1834	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
90696E3088B6AE86B5746EE14588594A.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 2 species with 3 subspecies: Species Brachyphylla cavernarum Gray 1833 Subspecies Brachyphylla cavernarum subsp. cavernarum Gray 1833 Subspecies Brachyphylla cavernarum subsp. intermedia Swanepoel and Genoways 1978 Subspecies Brachyphylla cavernarum subsp. minor Miller 1913 Species Brachyphylla nana Miller 1902	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
90696E3088B6AE86B5746EE14588594A.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Revised by Swanepoel and Genoways (1978). A key to this genus was presented by Swanepoel and Genoways (1983 a).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
66693B2E2DE6C4CFD436B0FB73070CDE.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Cuba, Pinar del Río, El Guama.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
66693B2E2DE6C4CFD436B0FB73070CDE.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica (extinct, known only from fossils), Grand Cayman (Cayman Isls, UK), Middle Caicos (SE Bahamas).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
66693B2E2DE6C4CFD436B0FB73070CDE.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
66693B2E2DE6C4CFD436B0FB73070CDE.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes pumila; see Jones and Carter (1976) and Swanepoel and Genoways (1978). Considered a subspecies of cavernarum by Buden (1977) and Hall (1981). Reviewed by Swanepoel and Genoways (1983 b) and Timm and Genoways (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
DFF4FD920C54766D53C9E893B4343029.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 1 genus with 2 species: Genus Brachyphylla Gray 1833 (2 species with 3 subspecies)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
DFF4FD920C54766D53C9E893B4343029.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Treated as tribe within Glossophaginae by McKenna and Bell (1997).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
151D469BB8056310BABF461E2395CAC6.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia, San Francisco River.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
151D469BB8056310BABF461E2395CAC6.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Tamaulipas (Mexico) to Venezuela, Peru, Bolivia, and E Brazil; a single vagrant individual has also been reported from S Texas (USA).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
151D469BB8056310BABF461E2395CAC6.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
151D469BB8056310BABF461E2395CAC6.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Greenhall et al. (1984).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9551481DAAF963F3E96EB791D2480434.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Diphylla ecaudata Spix 1823	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9551481DAAF963F3E96EB791D2480434.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Diphylla ecaudata Spix 1823	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E4225AA91D05219CEADD9CB2C390C909.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Puerto Rico, cave near Bayamón.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E4225AA91D05219CEADD9CB2C390C909.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Erophylla bombifrons subsp. bombifrons Miller 1899 Subspecies Erophylla bombifrons subsp. santacristobalensis Elliot 1905	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E4225AA91D05219CEADD9CB2C390C909.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Hispaniola and Puerto Rico.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E4225AA91D05219CEADD9CB2C390C909.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E4225AA91D05219CEADD9CB2C390C909.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Included in sezekorni by Buden (1976), but see Varona (1974), Hall (1981), and Koopman (1993). Reviewed by Timm and Genoways (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D8C605AF20DA3B3176CD263FB179011F.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Puerto Rico, cave near Bayamón.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6ECE5A1D52E8556D1133AC972DC0B643.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phyllonycteris bombifrons Miller 1899	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6ECE5A1D52E8556D1133AC972DC0B643.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 2 species with 6 subspecies: Species Erophylla bombifrons (Miller 1899) Subspecies Erophylla bombifrons subsp. bombifrons Miller 1899 Subspecies Erophylla bombifrons subsp. santacristobalensis Elliot 1905 Species Erophylla sezekorni (Gundlach 1860) Subspecies Erophylla sezekorni subsp. sezekorni Gundlach 1860 Subspecies Erophylla sezekorni subsp. mariguanensis Shamel 1931 Subspecies Erophylla sezekorni subsp. planifrons Miller 1899 Subspecies Erophylla sezekorni subsp. syops G. M. Allen 1917	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6ECE5A1D52E8556D1133AC972DC0B643.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Revised by Buden (1976). Included as a subgenus of Phyllonycteris by Varona (1974).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0023A95F1C02724D12096FE4730D4644.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 2 genera with 5 species: Genus Erophylla Miller 1906 (2 species with 6 subspecies) Genus Phyllonycteris Gundlach 1860 (3 species with 2 subspecies)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0023A95F1C02724D12096FE4730D4644.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Treated as tribe within Glossophaginae by McKenna and Bell (1997).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBFE1705E91EA68DA96582F31BE5337E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Cuba, Pinar del Río, Santa Cruz de los Pinos, Rangel.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBFE1705E91EA68DA96582F31BE5337E.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Erophylla sezekorni subsp. sezekorni Gundlach 1860 Subspecies Erophylla sezekorni subsp. mariguanensis Shamel 1931 Subspecies Erophylla sezekorni subsp. planifrons Miller 1899 Subspecies Erophylla sezekorni subsp. syops G. M. Allen 1917	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBFE1705E91EA68DA96582F31BE5337E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Cuba, Jamaica, Bahamas, and Cayman Isls.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBFE1705E91EA68DA96582F31BE5337E.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBFE1705E91EA68DA96582F31BE5337E.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Does not include bombifrons; see Varona (1974), Hall (1981), and Koopman (1993). Reviewed by Baker et al. (1978), but note that they included bombifrons in this taxon. Reviewed by Timm and Genoways (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4877F80066E7CB382FC5517E5FBECF7D.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Cuba, Pinar del Río, Santa Cruz de los Pinos, Rangel.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
234FC4780131A4702E7865E0B4C3A043.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 13 genera with 32 species in 2 tribes: Tribe Glossophagini Bonaparte 1845 Genus Anoura Gray 1838 (5 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Choeroniscus Thomas 1928 (3 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Choeronycteris Tschudi 1844 (1 species) Genus Glossophaga E. Geoffroy 1818 (5 species with 18 subspecies) Genus Hylonycteris Thomas 1903 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Leptonycteris Lydekker 1891 (3 species) Genus Lichonycteris Thomas 1895 (1 species) Genus Monophyllus Leach 1821 (2 species with 6 subspecies) Genus Musonycteris Schaldach and McLaughlin 1960 (1 species) Genus Scleronycteris Thomas 1912 (1 species) Tribe Lonchophyllini Griffiths 1982 Genus Lionycteris Thomas 1913 (1 species) Genus Lonchophylla Thomas 1903 (7 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Platalina Thomas 1928 (1 species)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
234FC4780131A4702E7865E0B4C3A043.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes two tribes, Glossophagini and Lonchophillini, which are recognized as separate subfamilies by some authors. Baker et al. (2000) suggested that this subfamily may not be monophyletic, but see Carstens et al. (2002), who recovered a monophyletic Glossophaginae in a combined analysis of molecular and morphological data. Morphology, biology, and evolution reviewed by Solmsen (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6DCF89B01004DDB53F24533A7AA9310E.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 10 genera with 23 species: Genus Anoura Gray 1838 (5 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Choeroniscus Thomas 1928 (3 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Choeronycteris Tschudi 1844 (1 species) Genus Glossophaga E. Geoffroy 1818 (5 species with 18 subspecies) Genus Hylonycteris Thomas 1903 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Leptonycteris Lydekker 1891 (3 species) Genus Lichonycteris Thomas 1895 (1 species) Genus Monophyllus Leach 1821 (2 species with 6 subspecies) Genus Musonycteris Schaldach and McLaughlin 1960 (1 species) Genus Scleronycteris Thomas 1912 (1 species)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6DCF89B01004DDB53F24533A7AA9310E.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Equivalent to Glossophaginae as used by Griffiths (1982). See discussion in Wetterer et al. (2000); also see Carstens et al. (2002). Informally divided into to two groups by Carstens et al. (2002); " choeronycterines " (Anoura, Choeronycteris, Choeroniscus, Hylonycteris, Lichonycteris, Musonycteris, and Scleronycteris), and " glossophagines " (Glossophaga, Leptonycteris, and Monophyllus).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
38C0A3007E6FF940EC61A941CDCF6FFD.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) poeyi Gundlach 1861	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8E1EE9F777B220A0159C8A4A7F47DD98.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Puerto Rico, Cueva Catedral near Morovis.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8E1EE9F777B220A0159C8A4A7F47DD98.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Puerto Rico.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8E1EE9F777B220A0159C8A4A7F47DD98.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Extinct.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8E1EE9F777B220A0159C8A4A7F47DD98.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Phyllonycteris. Known only from subfossil skeletal material from the type locality; see Hall (1981).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F8A1757FF8D03D15291DF8C86F479BF4.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Cuba, Matanzas, Canimar (cafetal " San Antonio el Fundador ").	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F8A1757FF8D03D15291DF8C86F479BF4.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) poeyi subsp. poeyi Gundlach 1860 Subspecies Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) poeyi subsp. obtusa Miller 1929	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F8A1757FF8D03D15291DF8C86F479BF4.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Cuba, Isle of Pines, Hispaniola.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F8A1757FF8D03D15291DF8C86F479BF4.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F8A1757FF8D03D15291DF8C86F479BF4.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Phyllonycteris. Includes obtusa; see Jones and Carter (1976) and Klingener et al. (1978). Also see Hall (1981), but note that he was unaware that obtusa was not extinct. Reviewed by Timm and Genoways (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B29E7681698170C61563A9EAA6B9DB05.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Cuba, Matanzas, Canimar (cafetal " San Antonio el Fundador ").	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
68FAD4B33D9F415814520217A4E80B31.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Jamaica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
68FAD4B33D9F415814520217A4E80B31.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Jamaica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
68FAD4B33D9F415814520217A4E80B31.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Endangered.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
68FAD4B33D9F415814520217A4E80B31.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Reithronycteris.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F2922DA37B8BE631ECAB54C3E7828907.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 3 species with 2 subspecies: Species Phyllonycteris (Reithronycteris) aphylla Miller 1898 Species Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) major Anthony 1917 Species Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) poeyi Gundlach 1860 Subspecies Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) poeyi subsp. poeyi Gundlach 1860 Subspecies Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) poeyi subsp. obtusa Miller 1929	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
384A2E04013995C94CB2F9F2053C4DE1.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phyllonycteris poeyi Gundlach 1861	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
384A2E04013995C94CB2F9F2053C4DE1.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 3 species with 2 subspecies in 2 subgenera: Subgenus Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) Gundlach 1860 Subgenus Phyllonycteris (Reithronycteris) Miller 1898 Species Phyllonycteris (Reithronycteris) aphylla Miller 1898 Species Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) major Anthony 1917 Species Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) poeyi Gundlach 1860 Subspecies Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) poeyi subsp. poeyi Gundlach 1860 Subspecies Phyllonycteris (Phyllonycteris) poeyi subsp. obtusa Miller 1929	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
384A2E04013995C94CB2F9F2053C4DE1.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Two subgenera are recognized, Phyllonycteris and Reithronycteris.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
EC3650FB6C761E47534199C763F130E6.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
EC3650FB6C761E47534199C763F130E6.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, NW Argentina.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
EC3650FB6C761E47534199C763F130E6.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as Anoura caudifera.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
EC3650FB6C761E47534199C763F130E6.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Some specimens previously referred to caudifer may represent luismanueli; see Molinari (1994); also see Cadena et al. (1998). Often spelled " caudifera " (see Handley, 1984), but the correct spelling is caudifer according to Article 31.2.2 of the Code of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2A2D42A4CC5485BC5992F6A6166E6EDF.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Panama, Darién, Río Pucro, Tacarcuna Village, 3,200 ft. (1,033 m); 08 ° 10 ' N, 77 ° 18 ' W.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2A2D42A4CC5485BC5992F6A6166E6EDF.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2A2D42A4CC5485BC5992F6A6166E6EDF.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2A2D42A4CC5485BC5992F6A6166E6EDF.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes brevirostrum and werckleae; see Nagorsen and Tamsitt (1981) and Molinari (1994). See Tamsitt and Nagorsen (1982).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
29A4FB435815E4E85CCC38D96E5453E3.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
29A4FB435815E4E85CCC38D96E5453E3.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Anoura geoffroyi subsp. geoffroyi Gray 1838 Subspecies Anoura geoffroyi subsp. lasiopyga Peters 1868 Subspecies Anoura geoffroyi subsp. peruana Tschudi 1844	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
29A4FB435815E4E85CCC38D96E5453E3.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Peru, Bolivia, SE Brazil, the Guianas and Ecuador to Tamaulipas and Sinaloa (Mexico); Trinidad; Grenada (Lesser Antilles).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
29A4FB435815E4E85CCC38D96E5453E3.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
29A4FB435815E4E85CCC38D96E5453E3.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subspecies reviewed by Sanborn (1933); also see Arroyo-Cabrales and Gardner (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9536A0D897B23D0BC22EF2FD23342976.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
86956D14E54C0924DDBB486C9DAA2858.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Anoura geoffroyi Gray 1838	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
86956D14E54C0924DDBB486C9DAA2858.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 5 species with 3 subspecies: Species Anoura caudifer (E. Geoffroy 1818) Species Anoura cultrata Handley 1960 Species Anoura geoffroyi Gray 1838 Subspecies Anoura geoffroyi subsp. geoffroyi Gray 1838 Subspecies Anoura geoffroyi subsp. lasiopyga Peters 1868 Subspecies Anoura geoffroyi subsp. peruana Tschudi 1844 Species Anoura latidens Handley 1984 Species Anoura luismanueli Molinari 1994	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
86956D14E54C0924DDBB486C9DAA2858.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes Lonchoglossa; see Cabrera (1958). Keys to species of Anoura were provided by Tamsitt and Nagorsen (1982) and Handley (1984), but usefulness of these keys has been reduced by subsequent descriptions of new species (i. e., by Handley [1984] and Molinari [1994]) and suggestions that other undescribed species exist (Emmons, 1997).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8BA6CFACA23A2B557FE20601F63AC538.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Distrito Federal, Pico Avila.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8BA6CFACA23A2B557FE20601F63AC538.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Venezuela, Guyana, Colombia, Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8BA6CFACA23A2B557FE20601F63AC538.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8BA6CFACA23A2B557FE20601F63AC538.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Clearly distinct from geoffroyi; see Solari et al. (1999).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2935DD0843A9368DD4B0A6B50EE9C40B.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Estado Mérida, 4 km E Bailadores, inside the Cueva del Salado, 2,000 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2935DD0843A9368DD4B0A6B50EE9C40B.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Andes of Venezuela.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2935DD0843A9368DD4B0A6B50EE9C40B.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Data deficient.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2935DD0843A9368DD4B0A6B50EE9C40B.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Distinct from caudifer; see Molinari (1994), Cadena et al. (1998), and Lim and Engstrom (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B41C7C6FC05D6DA225A1C866D1EF0B7C.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Choeronycteris minor Peters 1868	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B41C7C6FC05D6DA225A1C866D1EF0B7C.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 3 species with 2 subspecies: Species Choeroniscus godmani (Thomas 1903) Species Choeroniscus minor (Peters 1868) Species Choeroniscus periosus Handley 1966 Subspecies Choeroniscus periosus subsp. periosus Handley 1966 Subspecies Choeroniscus periosus subsp. ponsi Pirlot 1967	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B6EA7CA7E0CDE5A2F63AFFADB6C7D87A.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guatemala.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B6EA7CA7E0CDE5A2F63AFFADB6C7D87A.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Sinaloa (Mexico) to Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, and Surinam.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B6EA7CA7E0CDE5A2F63AFFADB6C7D87A.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0B0A31C91D39F3CB7A8E7C08EE7B72D5.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Surinam.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0B0A31C91D39F3CB7A8E7C08EE7B72D5.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guianas, Venezuela, Trinidad, Amazonian Brazil, C Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0B0A31C91D39F3CB7A8E7C08EE7B72D5.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt) as C. intermedius; Lower Risk (lc) as C. minor.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0B0A31C91D39F3CB7A8E7C08EE7B72D5.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes intermedius; see Simmons and Voss (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D2A91E6487176D33F7CA007AFBA520C6.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Valle, 27 km S Buenaventura, Río Raposo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D2A91E6487176D33F7CA007AFBA520C6.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Choeroniscus periosus subsp. periosus Handley 1966 Subspecies Choeroniscus periosus subsp. ponsi Pirlot 1967	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D2A91E6487176D33F7CA007AFBA520C6.taxon	distribution	Distribution: NW Venezuela, W Colombia, W Ecuador.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D2A91E6487176D33F7CA007AFBA520C6.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D2A91E6487176D33F7CA007AFBA520C6.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes ponsi; see Koopman (1994).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0984236C1DAC95AE7066E94558C66AC6.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Valle, 27 km S Buenaventura, Río Raposo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F32CA25B4B821848F825E920ABAE8443.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F32CA25B4B821848F825E920ABAE8443.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Honduras and El Salvador to S California, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico (USA); a single record from S Texas; perhaps Venezuela (Koopman, 1993).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F32CA25B4B821848F825E920ABAE8443.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F32CA25B4B821848F825E920ABAE8443.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Does not include ponsi, which is now recognized as a subspecies of Choeroniscus periosus; see Koopman (1994). See Arroyo-Cabrales et al. (1987).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
62C2628BB8B092D2A8269A10AD3C13B7.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Choeronycteris mexicana Tschudi 1844	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
62C2628BB8B092D2A8269A10AD3C13B7.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Choeronycteris mexicana Tschudi 1844	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
803A6DF17A600374FA391937F2A7F2FE.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Chiapas, 10 km SE Tonala.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
803A6DF17A600374FA391937F2A7F2FE.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Glossophaga commissarisi subsp. commissarisi Gardner 1962 Subspecies Glossophaga commissarisi subsp. bakeri Webster and Jones 1987 Subspecies Glossophaga commissarisi subsp. hespera Webster and Jones 1982	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
803A6DF17A600374FA391937F2A7F2FE.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Sinaloa (Mexico) to Panama; SE Colombia; E Ecuador; E Peru; NW Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
803A6DF17A600374FA391937F2A7F2FE.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
803A6DF17A600374FA391937F2A7F2FE.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Webster and Jones (1993).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F4D1414920F84A6DD37D2F888CE3E458.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Chiapas, 10 km SE Tonala.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
34B33EE0EEE52242DB710C1144B04DEA.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Vespertilio soricinus Pallas 1766	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
34B33EE0EEE52242DB710C1144B04DEA.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 5 species with 18 subspecies: Species Glossophaga commissarisi Gardner 1962 Subspecies Glossophaga commissarisi subsp. commissarisi Gardner 1962 Subspecies Glossophaga commissarisi subsp. bakeri Webster and Jones 1987 Subspecies Glossophaga commissarisi subsp. hespera Webster and Jones 1982 Species Glossophaga leachii Gray 1844 Species Glossophaga longirostris Miller 1898 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. longirostris Miller 1898 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. campestris Webster and Handley 1986 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. elongata Miller 1900 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. major Goodwin 1958 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. maricelae Soriano, Fariñas, and Naranjo 2000 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. reclusa Webster and Handley 1986 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. rostrata Miller 1913 Species Glossophaga morenoi Martínez and Villa-R. 1938 Subspecies Glossophaga morenoi subsp. morenoi Martínez and Villa-R. 1938 Subspecies Glossophaga morenoi subsp. brevirostris Webster and Jones 1984 Subspecies Glossophaga morenoi subsp. mexicana Webster and Jones 1980 Species Glossophaga soricina (Pallas 1766) Subspecies Glossophaga soricina subsp. soricina Pallas 1766 Subspecies Glossophaga soricina subsp. antillarum Rehn 1902 Subspecies Glossophaga soricina subsp. handleyi Webster and Jones 1980 Subspecies Glossophaga soricina subsp. mutica Merriam 1898 Subspecies Glossophaga soricina subsp. valens Miller 1913	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
34B33EE0EEE52242DB710C1144B04DEA.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Revised by Webster (1993); see Hoffmann and Baker (2001) for a phylogeny of the genus.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E6D5F41FFB89A1AC571C51709885C5C1.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Nicaragua, Chinandega, Realejo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E6D5F41FFB89A1AC571C51709885C5C1.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Costa Rica north to Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Tlaxcala, and Colima (Mexico).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E6D5F41FFB89A1AC571C51709885C5C1.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E6D5F41FFB89A1AC571C51709885C5C1.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Originally considered a subspecies of soricina; see Jones and Carter (1976). Includes alticola; see Webster and Jones (1980). See Webster and Jones (1984). Solmsen (1998) treated morenoi as a synonym of leachii with no comment.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2433A8BC0D3490BB079DA6A40120BB46.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Magdalena, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2433A8BC0D3490BB079DA6A40120BB46.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. longirostris Miller 1898 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. campestris Webster and Handley 1986 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. elongata Miller 1900 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. major Goodwin 1958 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. maricelae Soriano, Fariñas, and Naranjo 2000 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. reclusa Webster and Handley 1986 Subspecies Glossophaga longirostris subsp. rostrata Miller 1913	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2433A8BC0D3490BB079DA6A40120BB46.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia; Venezuela (including Margarita Isl); N Brazil; Guyana; Trinidad and Tobago; Grenada, St Vincent, Curaçao, Bonaire, and Aruba (Lesser Antilles). The records from Dominica and Ecuador are erroneous.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2433A8BC0D3490BB079DA6A40120BB46.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2433A8BC0D3490BB079DA6A40120BB46.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes elongata; see Jones and Carter (1976) and Koopman (1958). Revised by Webster and Handley (1986); also see Handley and Webster (1987), Webster et al. (1998), Soriano et al. (2000), and Timm and Genoways (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D989B864A9C263249B83677398298B17.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Magdalena, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
59B7176F49FE713FF5BFF279C69BEAC3.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Oaxaca, Río Guamol, 34 mi. (55 km) S (by Hwy. 190) La Ventosa Jct.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
59B7176F49FE713FF5BFF279C69BEAC3.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Glossophaga morenoi subsp. morenoi Martínez and Villa-R. 1938 Subspecies Glossophaga morenoi subsp. brevirostris Webster and Jones 1984 Subspecies Glossophaga morenoi subsp. mexicana Webster and Jones 1980	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
59B7176F49FE713FF5BFF279C69BEAC3.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Chiapas to Michoacan and Tlaxcala (Mexico).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
59B7176F49FE713FF5BFF279C69BEAC3.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
59B7176F49FE713FF5BFF279C69BEAC3.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes mexicana; see Gardner (1986) and Webster (1993). See Webster and Jones (1985). Solmsen (1998) treated morenoi as a synonym of leachii, and brevirostris as a subspecies of mexicana (listed as a distinct species) with no comment.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
408098AC8A368FE73EABBF6BCE370F7E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Oaxaca, Río Guamol, 34 mi. (55 km) S (by Hwy. 190) La Ventosa Jct.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9F010ED13D9CF8AA2E87E43722307276.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Surinam.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9F010ED13D9CF8AA2E87E43722307276.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Glossophaga soricina subsp. soricina Pallas 1766 Subspecies Glossophaga soricina subsp. antillarum Rehn 1902 Subspecies Glossophaga soricina subsp. handleyi Webster and Jones 1980 Subspecies Glossophaga soricina subsp. mutica Merriam 1898 Subspecies Glossophaga soricina subsp. valens Miller 1913	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9F010ED13D9CF8AA2E87E43722307276.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tamaulipas, Sonora and Trés Marías Isls (Mexico) south to the Guianas, SE Brazil, N Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Peru; Margarita Isl (Venezuela); Trinidad; Grenada (Lesser Antilles); Jamaica; perhaps Bahama Isls.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9F010ED13D9CF8AA2E87E43722307276.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9F010ED13D9CF8AA2E87E43722307276.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Reviewed by Alvarez et al. (1991); also see Timm and Genoways (2003). Phylogeography discussed by Ditchfield (2000) and Hoffmann and Baker (2001). May contain more than one species, see Hoffmann and Baker (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
64E5478F89F84180A12B6529C63F23BF.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Surinam.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
912D5D15F98CCAE39B4E91B212975098.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Hylonycteris underwoodi Thomas 1903	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
912D5D15F98CCAE39B4E91B212975098.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species with 2 subspecies: Species Hylonycteris underwoodi Thomas 1903 Subspecies Hylonycteris underwoodi subsp. underwoodi Thomas 1903 Subspecies Hylonycteris underwoodi subsp. minor Phillips and Jones 1971	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5BA8FBF8AE865139E737885F5A73CFFA.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Costa Rica, San José, Rancho Redondo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2D74F4DD9E084E9683E4964DCD81C454.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Costa Rica, San José, Rancho Redondo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2D74F4DD9E084E9683E4964DCD81C454.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Hylonycteris underwoodi subsp. underwoodi Thomas 1903 Subspecies Hylonycteris underwoodi subsp. minor Phillips and Jones 1971	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2D74F4DD9E084E9683E4964DCD81C454.taxon	distribution	Distribution: W Panama to Nayarit and Veracruz (Mexico).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2D74F4DD9E084E9683E4964DCD81C454.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2D74F4DD9E084E9683E4964DCD81C454.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes minor, but see Alvarez and Alvarez-Castañeda (1991). See Jones and Homan (1974). See Reid (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FF4A820D1356AA4286C65FCC3C3C03A2.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Curaçao, Willemstad (Netherlands).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FF4A820D1356AA4286C65FCC3C3C03A2.taxon	distribution	Distribution: NE Colombia, N Venezuela, Margarita Isl, Curaçao, Bonaire and Aruba (Netherlands Antilles).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FF4A820D1356AA4286C65FCC3C3C03A2.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FF4A820D1356AA4286C65FCC3C3C03A2.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Does not include yerbabuenae (= sanborni); see Watkins et al. (1972), Hall (1981), Koopman (1994), and Simmons and Wetterer (2002).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
31BF391015531AA577684A36D4298117.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Ischnoglossa nivalis Saussure 1860	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
31BF391015531AA577684A36D4298117.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 3 species: Species Leptonycteris curasoae Miller 1900 Species Leptonycteris nivalis (Saussure 1860) Species Leptonycteris yerbabuenae Martínez and Villa-R 1940	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
31BF391015531AA577684A36D4298117.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Revised by Arita and Humphrey (1988). A key for the genus was presented by Hensley and Wilkins (1988).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
00C0F0B72A6EFBC6FDD1EECE264D6C5C.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Veracruz, Mt. Orizaba.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
00C0F0B72A6EFBC6FDD1EECE264D6C5C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: SE Arizona, S New Mexico, and W Texas (USA) to S Mexico and Guatemala.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
00C0F0B72A6EFBC6FDD1EECE264D6C5C.taxon	conservation	Conservation: U. S. ESA – Endangered; IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Endangered.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
00C0F0B72A6EFBC6FDD1EECE264D6C5C.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Does not include yerbabuenae; see Watkins et al. (1972) and Hall (1981). See Hensley and Wilkins (1988).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
21F92A85F95D6C5B267E20CCF1E88BD4.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Guerrero, Yerbabuena.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
21F92A85F95D6C5B267E20CCF1E88BD4.taxon	distribution	Distribution: C California, S Arizona, and New Mexico (USA) to Honduras and El Salvador.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
21F92A85F95D6C5B267E20CCF1E88BD4.taxon	conservation	Conservation: U. S. ESA – Endangered as L. curasoae yerbabuenae. IUCN 2003 – Not listed; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
21F92A85F95D6C5B267E20CCF1E88BD4.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Included in curasoae by Koopman (1993), but see Watkins et al. (1972), Hall (1981), Koopman (1994), and Simmons and Wetterer (2002). The name sanborni has been used widely in the literature for this species, but is a junior synonym. A neotype for yerbabuenae was designated by Arita and Humphrey (1988).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
050B83B57933D6E002EE3FAF913BCBF1.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Nicaragua, Managua, Managua.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
050B83B57933D6E002EE3FAF913BCBF1.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guatemala and Belize south to Bolivia and SE Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
050B83B57933D6E002EE3FAF913BCBF1.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
050B83B57933D6E002EE3FAF913BCBF1.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes degener; see Hill (1985).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
911076A7EA824463DEB11048CACDF785.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Lichonycteris obscura Thomas 1895	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
911076A7EA824463DEB11048CACDF785.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Lichonycteris obscura Thomas 1895	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7D2F84A253ECBBA9F86373CC26CFBB83.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Monophyllus redmani Leach 1821	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7D2F84A253ECBBA9F86373CC26CFBB83.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 2 species with 6 subspecies: Species Monophyllus plethodon Miller 1900 Subspecies Monophyllus plethodon subsp. plethodon Miller 1900 Subspecies Monophyllus plethodon subsp. frater Anthony 1917 Subspecies Monophyllus plethodon subsp. luciae Miller 1902 Species Monophyllus redmani Leach 1821 Subspecies Monophyllus redmani subsp. redmani Leach 1821 Subspecies Monophyllus redmani subsp. clinedaphus Miller 1900 Subspecies Monophyllus redmani subsp. portoricensis Miller 1900	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7D2F84A253ECBBA9F86373CC26CFBB83.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Reviewed by Schwartz and Jones (1967). A key to the genus was published by Homan and Jones (1975 a).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
763706C3731667C4077B4E3817D68384.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Barbados (Lesser Antilles), St. Michael Parish.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
763706C3731667C4077B4E3817D68384.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Monophyllus plethodon subsp. plethodon Miller 1900 Subspecies Monophyllus plethodon subsp. frater Anthony 1917 Subspecies Monophyllus plethodon subsp. luciae Miller 1902	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
763706C3731667C4077B4E3817D68384.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Lesser Antilles from Anguilla to St. Vincent and Barbados. Fossils known from Puerto Rico.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
763706C3731667C4077B4E3817D68384.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
763706C3731667C4077B4E3817D68384.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes luciae and frater; see Schwartz and Jones (1967), Hall (1981), and Timm and Genoways (2003). See Homan and Jones (1975 b).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
561B41554B29B6480EBC2B2AA145FEF8.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Barbados (Lesser Antilles), St. Michael Parish.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
830E4F89EEACEBB69A9931D0C07A11CF.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Jamaica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
830E4F89EEACEBB69A9931D0C07A11CF.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Monophyllus redmani subsp. redmani Leach 1821 Subspecies Monophyllus redmani subsp. clinedaphus Miller 1900 Subspecies Monophyllus redmani subsp. portoricensis Miller 1900	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
830E4F89EEACEBB69A9931D0C07A11CF.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, S Bahama Isls.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
830E4F89EEACEBB69A9931D0C07A11CF.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
830E4F89EEACEBB69A9931D0C07A11CF.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Reviewed by Schwartz and Jones (1967), Hall (1981), and Timm and Genoways (2003). See Homan and Jones (1975 a).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7ECB9A8CB730727884BA9D008CBFAF25.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Jamaica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C82ECCC423BBF815668F8102BC4DDE22.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Chocó, Condoto.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C82ECCC423BBF815668F8102BC4DDE22.taxon	distribution	Distribution: E Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Amazonian Peru and Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C82ECCC423BBF815668F8102BC4DDE22.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C82ECCC423BBF815668F8102BC4DDE22.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C8C61D4D248A40AB09483227244FB3F5.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Lionycteris spurrelli Thomas 1913	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C8C61D4D248A40AB09483227244FB3F5.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Lionycteris spurrelli Thomas 1913	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8AB36E17C832943455A4381D23DD47DA.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Minas Gerais, Jaboticatubas, Serra do Cipo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8AB36E17C832943455A4381D23DD47DA.taxon	distribution	Distribution: SE Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8AB36E17C832943455A4381D23DD47DA.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
65A5B10EECBFA6627C2358AA7F22CA18.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, D. F., 8 km N Brasilia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
65A5B10EECBFA6627C2358AA7F22CA18.taxon	distribution	Distribution: E Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
65A5B10EECBFA6627C2358AA7F22CA18.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E7A9D9727D82F17ABF9C782C3B5AC32A.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Lonchophylla mordax Thomas 1903	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E7A9D9727D82F17ABF9C782C3B5AC32A.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 7 species with 2 subspecies: Species Lonchophylla bokermanni Sazima, Vizotto, and Taddei 1978 Species Lonchophylla dekeyseri Taddei, Vizotto, and Sazima 1983 Species Lonchophylla handleyi Hill 1980 Species Lonchophylla hesperia G. M. Allen 1908 Species Lonchophylla mordax Thomas 1903 Subspecies Lonchophylla mordax subsp. mordax Thomas 1903 Subspecies Lonchophylla mordax subsp. concava Goldman 1914 Species Lonchophylla robusta Miller 1912 Species Lonchophylla thomasi J. A. Allen 1904	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E7A9D9727D82F17ABF9C782C3B5AC32A.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Taddei et al. (1983) gave a key to the species. Includes at least one undescribed species from northern South America (L. Davalos, pers. comm.).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
70A667F99FF44BAF36C3D2CA74CEFE48.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 3 genera with 9 species: Genus Lionycteris Thomas 1913 (1 species) Genus Lonchophylla Thomas 1903 (7 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Platalina Thomas 1928 (1 species)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
70A667F99FF44BAF36C3D2CA74CEFE48.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Used at the tribal level for the first time by McKenna and Bell (1997); see also Wetterer et al. (2000) and Carstens et al. (2002).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4B98518E230BB6DA16B51042E999AAC6.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Colima, 2 km SE Pueblo Juarez.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4B98518E230BB6DA16B51042E999AAC6.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Jalisco, Colima, Michoacan and Guerrero (Mexico).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4B98518E230BB6DA16B51042E999AAC6.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4B98518E230BB6DA16B51042E999AAC6.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Tellez and Ortega (1999).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9FF8F21ABE45E7BAEC78590D57E7B793.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Musonycteris harrisoni Schaldach and McLaughlin 1960	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9FF8F21ABE45E7BAEC78590D57E7B793.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Musonycteris harrisoni Schaldach and McLaughlin 1960	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9FF8F21ABE45E7BAEC78590D57E7B793.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Included in Choeronycteris by Handley (1966 b) and Hall (1981), but see Phillips (1971) and Webster et al. (1982). Wetterer et al. (2000) found that Musonycteris is more closely related to Choeroniscus than to Choeronycteris.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4121770D454CA1412E32C18E880ED4AD.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Amazonas, Ega.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4121770D454CA1412E32C18E880ED4AD.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Amazonian Brazil, S Venezuela.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4121770D454CA1412E32C18E880ED4AD.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4121770D454CA1412E32C18E880ED4AD.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C690F07BC66224D738ABF890A40D732D.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Scleronycteris ega Thomas 1912	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C690F07BC66224D738ABF890A40D732D.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Scleronycteris ega Thomas 1912	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F5833C2FB2D5D31E3BDAC3D0DE32EC32.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico. The type locality was incorrectly changed to Brazil, Santa Catarina, by Carter and Dolan (1978), see remarks in Medellin (1989).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F5833C2FB2D5D31E3BDAC3D0DE32EC32.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Veracruz (Mexico) south to the Guianas, S Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, and N Argentina.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F5833C2FB2D5D31E3BDAC3D0DE32EC32.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F5833C2FB2D5D31E3BDAC3D0DE32EC32.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Simmons and Voss (1998) discussed problems with previously recognized subspecies. See Medellín (1989). See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A469E6AE7B5EEA93B8EF932FEB8AC57F.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Vampyrus auritus Peters 1856	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A469E6AE7B5EEA93B8EF932FEB8AC57F.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Chrotopterus auritus (Peters 1856)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7EF60794F82FF17394F30BFAF238470F.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Ecuador, Morona, Santiago, Los Tayos (03 ° 07 ' S, 18 ° 12 ' W).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7EF60794F82FF17394F30BFAF238470F.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Ecuador, Peru, possibly SW Colombia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7EF60794F82FF17394F30BFAF238470F.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7EF60794F82FF17394F30BFAF238470F.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Formerly confused with robusta; see Hill (1980 a). Colombian record may represent robusta; see Cadena et al. (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
1FB21099BF6DF260191F70D81913CA0B.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Tumbes, Zorritos.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
1FB21099BF6DF260191F70D81913CA0B.taxon	distribution	Distribution: N Peru, Ecuador.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
1FB21099BF6DF260191F70D81913CA0B.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
1FB21099BF6DF260191F70D81913CA0B.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Known from only five specimens; see Gardner (1976).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
779F351E944E0262E3599D08B3B8A27E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia, Lamarao.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5DFC56198F7643D7C2B2728735CFFAC8.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia, Lamarao.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5DFC56198F7643D7C2B2728735CFFAC8.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Lonchophylla mordax subsp. mordax Thomas 1903 Subspecies Lonchophylla mordax subsp. concava Goldman 1914	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5DFC56198F7643D7C2B2728735CFFAC8.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Costa Rica south to Ecuador, Peru, and perhaps Bolivia; E Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5DFC56198F7643D7C2B2728735CFFAC8.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5DFC56198F7643D7C2B2728735CFFAC8.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes concava; see Handley (1966 a); but also see Jones and Carter (1976), who provisionally recognized it as a distinct species.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AB5CBBE0A22B421663FB04F81973312C.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Panama, Canal Zone, Río Chilibrillo, near Alajuela.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AB5CBBE0A22B421663FB04F81973312C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Nicaragua to Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AB5CBBE0A22B421663FB04F81973312C.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AB5CBBE0A22B421663FB04F81973312C.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Solari et al. (1999) for discussion of southern range.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
60C5FE1DE64A135FBA0969AFCA279C1A.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Bolivar, Ciudad Bolivar.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
60C5FE1DE64A135FBA0969AFCA279C1A.taxon	distribution	Distribution: E Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Amazonian Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
60C5FE1DE64A135FBA0969AFCA279C1A.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
60C5FE1DE64A135FBA0969AFCA279C1A.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Specimens of this species have frequently been confused with concava, mordax, and Lionycteris spurrelli; see Taddei et al. (1978) and Koopman (1978 b).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
BAB86726DB3A79F69E2C2874542B636B.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 16 genera with 42 species: Genus Chrotopterus Peters 1865 (1 species) Genus Glyphonycteris Thomas 1896 (3 species) Genus Lampronycteris Sanborn 1949 (1 species) Genus Lonchorhina Tomes 1863 (5 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Lophostoma d'Orbigny 1836 (5 species with 4 subspecies) Genus Macrophyllum Gray 1838 (1 species) Genus Macrotus Gray 1843 (2 species with 6 subspecies) Genus Micronycteris Gray 1866 (9 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Mimon Gray 1847 (4 species with 4 subspecies) Genus Neonycteris Sanborn 1949 (1 species) Genus Phylloderma Peters 1865 (1 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Phyllostomus Lacépède 1799 (4 species with 4 subspecies) Genus Tonatia Gray 1827 (2 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Trachops Gray 1847 (1 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Trinycteris Sanborn 1949 (1 species) Genus Vampyrum Rafinesque 1815 (1 species)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
BAB86726DB3A79F69E2C2874542B636B.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Possibly monophyletic as defined here; see Wetterer et al. (2000), though see also Baker et al. (2000). Wetterer et al. (2000) recognized four tribes within Phyllostominae (Lonchorhinini, Micronycterini, Phyllostomini, and Vampyrini), but monophyly of these groups is uncertain (see Baker et al., 2000). Accordingly, I do not recognize tribes within Phyllostominae at the present time.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
507ADFBF44F971106B0994332A805640.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, near Lima.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
507ADFBF44F971106B0994332A805640.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Peru, N Chile.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
507ADFBF44F971106B0994332A805640.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
507ADFBF44F971106B0994332A805640.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Reviewed by Galaz et al. (1999).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
38C42E080C29EC4DCB8122B0D2A12DC0.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Platalina genovensium Thomas 1928	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
38C42E080C29EC4DCB8122B0D2A12DC0.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Platalina genovensium Thomas 1928	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
556D492DEFDAF58ACD1E260D1D20328C.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Cuiaba (= Cuyaba).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
556D492DEFDAF58ACD1E260D1D20328C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Known only from the holotype.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
556D492DEFDAF58ACD1E260D1D20328C.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable as Micronycteris behnii.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
556D492DEFDAF58ACD1E260D1D20328C.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Restricted to include only the holotype by Simmons (1996). This taxon may be a senior synonym of sylvestis, but the relationship of these taxa cannot be resolved without reexamination of the holotype of behnii in the context of what is now known about variation in sylvestris; see discussion in Simmons (1996).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D0E4EF92489D3C54948B0B72C79B2191.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guyana, Essequibo Prov., Potaro road, 24 mi. (39 km) from Bartica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D0E4EF92489D3C54948B0B72C79B2191.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Honduras south to Peru, the Guianas, Brazil, and Bolivia; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D0E4EF92489D3C54948B0B72C79B2191.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt) as Micronycteris daviesi.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D0E4EF92489D3C54948B0B72C79B2191.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Formerly included in the monotypic genus Barticonycteris; see Koopman (1978 b) and Simmons (1996). Reviewed by Pine et al. (1996).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2F6A49CDF813F965874F92666B0B326D.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Hda. Miravalles, between 1,400 and 2,000 ft. (427 - 610 m).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2F6A49CDF813F965874F92666B0B326D.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Peru and SE Brazil north to Nayarit and Veracruz (Mexico); Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2F6A49CDF813F965874F92666B0B326D.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt) as Micronycteris sylvestris.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2F6A49CDF813F965874F92666B0B326D.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Probably a junior synonym of behnii; see Simmons (1996).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A85B74D7EEF242E59CBA1F4C1A88B32E.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Glyphonycteris sylvestris Thomas 1896	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A85B74D7EEF242E59CBA1F4C1A88B32E.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 3 species: Species Glyphonycteris behnii (Peters 1865) Species Glyphonycteris daviesi Hill 1964 Species Glyphonycteris sylvestris Thomas 1896	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A85B74D7EEF242E59CBA1F4C1A88B32E.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Recognized as a subgenus of Micronycteris by Sanborn (1949) and Simmons (1996); raised to genus rank by Simmons and Voss (1998) following information later published in Wetterer et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
43E7654E1A20EFB34E9CDB1DDFA117AB.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: French Guiana, Cayenne.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
43E7654E1A20EFB34E9CDB1DDFA117AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Oaxaca (Mexico) to Guyana, French Guiana and Brazil; Peru; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
43E7654E1A20EFB34E9CDB1DDFA117AB.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as Micronycteris brachyotis.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
43E7654E1A20EFB34E9CDB1DDFA117AB.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes platyceps; see Jones and Carter (1976). See Medellín et al. (1985).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4AF6344121B65C88151F93D2D48E71C9.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Micronycteris brachyotis Dobson 1879	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4AF6344121B65C88151F93D2D48E71C9.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Lampronycteris brachyotis (Dobson 1878)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4AF6344121B65C88151F93D2D48E71C9.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Recognized as a subgenus of Micronycteris by Sanborn (1949) and Simmons (1996); raised to genus rank by Wetterer et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
DE1329CF0F5E6FF8C2CF48C43B90342D.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
DE1329CF0F5E6FF8C2CF48C43B90342D.taxon	discussion	Discussion: aurita species group.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A02897AC64F6A8AB1C85C99872863E3F.taxon	discussion	Discussion: aurita species group.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
776EF0543F8226AF0ADDA35053DAF5E4.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
776EF0543F8226AF0ADDA35053DAF5E4.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Lonchorhina aurita subsp. aurita Tomes 1863 Subspecies Lonchorhina aurita subsp. occidentalis Anthony 1923	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
776EF0543F8226AF0ADDA35053DAF5E4.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Oaxaca (Mexico) south to SE Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and Ecuador; Trinidad; perhaps New Providence Isl (Bahama Isls), see Jones and Carter (1976).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
776EF0543F8226AF0ADDA35053DAF5E4.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
776EF0543F8226AF0ADDA35053DAF5E4.taxon	discussion	Discussion: aurita species group. Includes occidentalis; see Jones and Carter (1976). See Lassieur and Wilson (1989) and Handley and Ochoa (1997). Some specimens previously referred to this species actually represent inusitata; see Handley and Ochoa (1997).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FF98E63A48E1182F6CF9AB5679661747.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Amazonas, 40 - 50 km (by road) NE Puerto Ayacucho.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FF98E63A48E1182F6CF9AB5679661747.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Venezuela.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FF98E63A48E1182F6CF9AB5679661747.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FF98E63A48E1182F6CF9AB5679661747.taxon	discussion	Discussion: orinocensis species group. Known only from the type locality. Some specimens previously referred to this species actually represent inusitata; see Handley and Ochoa (1997).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4250EBDA68739D78FD956645382D9BCD.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Amazonas, 84 km SSE Esmeralda, Boca Mavaca, 2 ° 30 ' N, 56 ° 13 ' W.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4250EBDA68739D78FD956645382D9BCD.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, W Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4250EBDA68739D78FD956645382D9BCD.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Data Deficient.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4250EBDA68739D78FD956645382D9BCD.taxon	discussion	Discussion: aurita species group. Specimens referred to this species were previously identified as aurita, marinkellei, or fernandezi; see Handley and Ochoa (1997) and Simmons et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0C9E5AC36A899224AE65AB8473FB795F.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Vaupes, near Mitu, Durania.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0C9E5AC36A899224AE65AB8473FB795F.taxon	distribution	Distribution: SE Colombia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0C9E5AC36A899224AE65AB8473FB795F.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0C9E5AC36A899224AE65AB8473FB795F.taxon	discussion	Discussion: aurita species group. Some specimens previously referred to this species actually represent inusitata; see Handley and Ochoa (1997).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
699347757ADC181B430068A43E68FFAB.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Bolivar, 50 km NE Puerto Paez, Boca de Villacoa.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
699347757ADC181B430068A43E68FFAB.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Venezuela, SE Colombia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
699347757ADC181B430068A43E68FFAB.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
699347757ADC181B430068A43E68FFAB.taxon	discussion	Discussion: orinocensis species group. See Handley and Ochoa (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
04B23BA2C27FB3DDECD0D1EF20BEEAB0.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Lonchorhina aurita Tomes 1863	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
04B23BA2C27FB3DDECD0D1EF20BEEAB0.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 5 species with 2 subspecies: Species Lonchorhina aurita Tomes 1863 Subspecies Lonchorhina aurita subsp. aurita Tomes 1863 Subspecies Lonchorhina aurita subsp. occidentalis Anthony 1923 Species Lonchorhina fernandezi Ochoa and Ibáñez 1982 Species Lonchorhina inusitata Handley and Ochoa 1997 Species Lonchorhina marinkellei Hernández-Camacho and Cadena-G. 1978 Species Lonchorhina orinocensis Linares and Ojasti 1971	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
04B23BA2C27FB3DDECD0D1EF20BEEAB0.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Reviewed by Hernandez-Camacho and Cadena-G. (1978). A key to the genus was presented by Lassieur and Wilson (1989) and subsequently modified by Handley and Ochoa (1997). Species groups follow Handley and Ochoa (1997).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A108718F81AC2DEB6E714D593D0339D2.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Lophostoma silvicolum d'Orbigny 1836	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A108718F81AC2DEB6E714D593D0339D2.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 5 species with 4 subspecies: Species Lophostoma brasiliense Peters 1866 Species Lophostoma carrikeri J. A. Allen 1910 Species Lophostoma evotis Davis and Carter 1978 Species Lophostoma schulzi Genoways and Williams 1980 Species Lophostoma silvicolum d'Orbigny 1836 Subspecies Lophostoma silvicolum subsp. silvicolum d'Orbigny 1836 Subspecies Lophostoma silvicolum subsp. centralis Davis and Carter 1978 Subspecies Lophostoma silvicolum subsp. laephotis Thomas 1910 Subspecies Lophostoma silvicolum subsp. occidentalis Davis and Carter 1978	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A108718F81AC2DEB6E714D593D0339D2.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Formerly included Tonatia, but see Lee et al. (2002), who demonstrated that Tonatia as traditionally defined is not monophyletic. Those authors proposed restricting Tonatia to the type species and its close relative (bidens and saurophila), and using the next available generic name (Lophostoma) for the remaining species, which together form a clade that is not closely related to Tonatia. That recommendation is followed here. Keys to species now included in Lophostoma were provided by Genoways and Williams (1984) and Medellín and Arita (1989).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6B24E8512C5EEEC346C68D8C6203DADD.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6B24E8512C5EEEC346C68D8C6203DADD.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Veracruz (Mexico) south to Peru, Bolivia, NE Brazil; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6B24E8512C5EEEC346C68D8C6203DADD.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as Tonata brasiliense.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6B24E8512C5EEEC346C68D8C6203DADD.taxon	discussion	Discussion: For synonyms see Jones and Carter (1979); but also see Gardner (1976). Hall (1981) listed nicaraguae (including minuta) as a distinct species.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5690F00EA20A76CFA94C52E731AD30EA.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Bolivar, Río Mocho.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5690F00EA20A76CFA94C52E731AD30EA.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, N Brazil, Bolivia, Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5690F00EA20A76CFA94C52E731AD30EA.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable as Tonata carrikeri.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5690F00EA20A76CFA94C52E731AD30EA.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See McCarthy et al. (1992).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3B4B7C9355B130186DC06ACE682F4288.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guatemala, Izabál, 25 km S. S. W. Puerto Barrios.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3B4B7C9355B130186DC06ACE682F4288.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3B4B7C9355B130186DC06ACE682F4288.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt) as Tonatia evotis.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3B4B7C9355B130186DC06ACE682F4288.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Formerly included in silvicola. See Medellín and Arita (1989).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
02A8D86DBA891EC58836A5261A6EE07C.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Surinam, Brokopondo, 3 km SW Rudi Koppelvliegveld.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
02A8D86DBA891EC58836A5261A6EE07C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guianas, N Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
02A8D86DBA891EC58836A5261A6EE07C.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable as Tonata schulzi.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CFA8C9A9F563303AAE0DDDE91DE7F644.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Bolivia, Yungas between Secure and Isiboro rivers.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CFA8C9A9F563303AAE0DDDE91DE7F644.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Lophostoma silvicolum subsp. silvicolum d'Orbigny 1836 Subspecies Lophostoma silvicolum subsp. centralis Davis and Carter 1978 Subspecies Lophostoma silvicolum subsp. laephotis Thomas 1910 Subspecies Lophostoma silvicolum subsp. occidentalis Davis and Carter 1978	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CFA8C9A9F563303AAE0DDDE91DE7F644.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Honduras to Bolivia, NE Argentina, Guianas, and E Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CFA8C9A9F563303AAE0DDDE91DE7F644.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as Tonatia silvicola.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CFA8C9A9F563303AAE0DDDE91DE7F644.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes laephotis and amblyotis; see Davis and Carter (1978). See Medellín and Arita (1989). The species name for this taxon was formerly spelled silvicola when used in Tonatia, but must be spelled silvicolum when combined with Lophostoma, which is a Greek neuter noun. These names have sometimes been spelled sylvicola and sylvicolum, but I retain the original spelling here.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CF1EC881680BA702E53744EA7AE30F97.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Bolivia, Yungas between Secure and Isiboro rivers.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CC95B69B5E8BFCDDCE38FEB6305391D1.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Macrophyllum nieuwiedii Gray 1838	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CC95B69B5E8BFCDDCE38FEB6305391D1.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Macrophyllum macrophyllum (Schinz 1821)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AEDD65B8F1B827767394C7D8B9F06523.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia, Río Mucuri.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AEDD65B8F1B827767394C7D8B9F06523.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tabasco (Mexico) south to Peru, Bolivia, SE Brazil, Paraguay, and NE Argentina.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AEDD65B8F1B827767394C7D8B9F06523.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AEDD65B8F1B827767394C7D8B9F06523.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Harrison (1975). See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
34B949098D59F390AFE814A30B607DB6.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: USA, California, Imperial Co., Old Fort Yuma.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
34B949098D59F390AFE814A30B607DB6.taxon	distribution	Distribution: N Sinaloa and SW Chihuahua (Mexico) north to S Nevada and S California (USA); Baja California and Tamaulipas (Mexico).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
34B949098D59F390AFE814A30B607DB6.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
34B949098D59F390AFE814A30B607DB6.taxon	discussion	Discussion: For a comparison with waterhousii, see Davis and Baker (1974) and Greenbaum and Baker (1976). Considered to be a subspecies of waterhousii by Anderson (1969 a) and Hall (1981).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D28469CD264EC8929F445943A12CD051.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Macrotus waterhousii Gray 1843	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D28469CD264EC8929F445943A12CD051.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 2 species with 6 subspecies: Species Macrotus californicus Baird 1858 Species Macrotus waterhousii Gray 1843 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. waterhousii Gray 1843 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. bulleri H. Allen 1890 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. compressus Rehn 1904 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. jamaicensis Rehn 1904 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. mexicanus Saussure 1860 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. minor Gundlach 1864	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D28469CD264EC8929F445943A12CD051.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Revised by Anderson and Nelson (1965).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
89126FE79AE5D1E2DCF0CD52D9CEFF4B.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Haiti.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
89126FE79AE5D1E2DCF0CD52D9CEFF4B.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. waterhousii Gray 1843 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. bulleri H. Allen 1890 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. compressus Rehn 1904 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. jamaicensis Rehn 1904 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. mexicanus Saussure 1860 Subspecies Macrotus waterhousii subsp. minor Gundlach 1864	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
89126FE79AE5D1E2DCF0CD52D9CEFF4B.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Sonora and Hidalgo (Mexico) south to Guatemala; Bahama Isls; Jamaica; Cuba; Cayman Isls (NW of Jamaica); Hispaniola and Beata Isls.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
89126FE79AE5D1E2DCF0CD52D9CEFF4B.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
89126FE79AE5D1E2DCF0CD52D9CEFF4B.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes mexicanus; see Anderson and Nelson (1965). See Anderson (1969 a). Caribbean forms reviewed by Timm and Genoways (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
938990B85FF84B4C533DD6140769F467.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Haiti.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
28020F55A3158F77D3DCB771B800F80B.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: French Guiana, Paracou near Sinnamary.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
28020F55A3158F77D3DCB771B800F80B.taxon	distribution	Distribution: E Peru, Guyana, French Guiana, SE Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
28020F55A3158F77D3DCB771B800F80B.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Data Deficient.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6BEFEB24E4EBE68DAED5871E9016AC02.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phyllophora megalotis Gray 1842	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6BEFEB24E4EBE68DAED5871E9016AC02.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 9 species with 2 subspecies: Species Micronycteris brosseti Simmons and Voss 1998 Species Micronycteris hirsuta Peters 1869 Species Micronycteris homezi Pirlot 1967 Species Micronycteris matses Simmons, Voss, and Fleck 2002 Species Micronycteris megalotis (Gray 1842) Species Micronycteris microtis Miller 1898 Subspecies Micronycteris microtis subsp. microtis Miller 1898 Subspecies Micronycteris microtis subsp. mexicana Miller 1898 Species Micronycteris minuta (Gervais 1856) Species Micronycteris sanborni Simmons 1996 Species Micronycteris schmidtorum Sanborn 1935	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6BEFEB24E4EBE68DAED5871E9016AC02.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes Xenoctenes; see Simmons (1996). Does not include Barticonycteris, Glyphonycteris, Lampronycteris, Neonycteris, or Trinycteris; see Simmons and Voss (1998) and Wetterer et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
40C43AAEDFDB9BA241490A05DCB2026E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Pozo Azul.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
40C43AAEDFDB9BA241490A05DCB2026E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Honduras to French Guiana, Trinidad, Amazonian Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
40C43AAEDFDB9BA241490A05DCB2026E.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
40C43AAEDFDB9BA241490A05DCB2026E.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Placed in subgenus Xenoctenes by Sanborn (1949), but see Simmons (1996).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E7BA877473B1F00FDDF9F4974A30CE56.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Zulia, Maracaibo Basis, Río Palmar, Hacienda El Cerro.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E7BA877473B1F00FDDF9F4974A30CE56.taxon	distribution	Distribution: NW Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E7BA877473B1F00FDDF9F4974A30CE56.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E7BA877473B1F00FDDF9F4974A30CE56.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Described by Pirlot (1967) as a subspecies of megalotis, but clearly a distinct species; see Simmons and Voss (1998). Also see Bernard (2001) and Lim and Engstrom (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
46CB2A224AA48A8042BB1AD155ED31C5.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Departmento Loreto, SE bank of Río Gálvez, village of Nuevo San Juan, 5 ° 17 ' 30 " S, 73 ° 9 ' 50 " W, 150 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
46CB2A224AA48A8042BB1AD155ED31C5.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Known only from the type locality.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
46CB2A224AA48A8042BB1AD155ED31C5.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Not evaluated (new species).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3A808A265EEA70D448F41BC5EE2633F3.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Pereque.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3A808A265EEA70D448F41BC5EE2633F3.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia to Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil; Venezuela and the Guianas; Trinidad and Tobago; Margarita Isl (Venezuela); Grenada; St. Vincent.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3A808A265EEA70D448F41BC5EE2633F3.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3A808A265EEA70D448F41BC5EE2633F3.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Does not include microtis; see Brosset and Charles-Dominique (1990), Simmons (1996), and Simmons and Voss (1998). Does not include mexicana; see Simmons (1996). Does not include homezi; see Simmons and Voss (1998). See Alonso-Mejia and Medellín (1991), but note that these authors included microtis, mexicana, and homezi in megalotis.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
798E82C634F6C65FA17B2C8CD6FF011F.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Nicaragua, San Juan del Norte, Graytown.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
798E82C634F6C65FA17B2C8CD6FF011F.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Micronycteris microtis subsp. microtis Miller 1898 Subspecies Micronycteris microtis subsp. mexicana Miller 1898	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
798E82C634F6C65FA17B2C8CD6FF011F.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Tamaulipas and Jalisco (Mexico) to northern Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, northern Brazil, and Bolivia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
798E82C634F6C65FA17B2C8CD6FF011F.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
798E82C634F6C65FA17B2C8CD6FF011F.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Formerly included in megalotis, but see Brosset and Charles-Dominique (1990), Simmons (1996), and Simmons and Voss (1998). Simmons (1996) included mexicana as a subspecies of microtis, but noted that it may be a distinct species.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F68EBA21AFB052F2FDC1728EEB4125D7.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Nicaragua, San Juan del Norte, Graytown.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBFCA409B8E6C917740EFC6AE4D56E77.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia, Capela Nova.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBFCA409B8E6C917740EFC6AE4D56E77.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Honduras to S Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru; Guianas; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBFCA409B8E6C917740EFC6AE4D56E77.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBFCA409B8E6C917740EFC6AE4D56E77.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Simmons (1996), Simmons and Voss (1998), and López-González (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
220291AB32996C421385639D9B5569A2.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Ceará, Itaitera, Sitio Luanda, 4 mi. (6 km) S of Crato.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
220291AB32996C421385639D9B5569A2.taxon	distribution	Distribution: NE Brazil, Bolivia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
220291AB32996C421385639D9B5569A2.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Data Deficient.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CE1C5CC42F5A7395E03DA2951ED35478.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guatemala, Izabal, Bobos.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CE1C5CC42F5A7395E03DA2951ED35478.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Mexico to Guianas; NE Peru; Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CE1C5CC42F5A7395E03DA2951ED35478.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CE1C5CC42F5A7395E03DA2951ED35478.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Ascorra et al. (1991) reviewed schmidtorum but referred some specimens to this species that were subsequently reidentified as either sanborni (Simmons, 1996) or brosseti (Simmons and Voss, 1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
205A328AD5E304A6D7C66D4C93AB82B9.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Ipanema (restricted by Hershkovitz, 1951).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
205A328AD5E304A6D7C66D4C93AB82B9.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guianas; SE Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
205A328AD5E304A6D7C66D4C93AB82B9.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
205A328AD5E304A6D7C66D4C93AB82B9.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Does not include cozumelae; see McCarthy (1987), McCarthy et al. (1993), and Simmons and Voss (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FC9FAC3E47D0FF3245BD3A539DA8AA6E.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phyllostoma bennettii Gray 1838	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FC9FAC3E47D0FF3245BD3A539DA8AA6E.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 4 species with 4 subspecies: Species Mimon bennettii (Gray 1838) Species Mimon cozumelae Goldman 1914 Species Mimon crenulatum (E. Geoffroy 1803) Subspecies Mimon crenulatum subsp. crenulatum E. Geoffroy 1803 Subspecies Mimon crenulatum subsp. keenani Handley 1960 Subspecies Mimon crenulatum subsp. longifolium Wagner 1843 Subspecies Mimon crenulatum subsp. picatum Thomas 1903 Species Mimon koepckeae Gardner and Patton 1972	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FC9FAC3E47D0FF3245BD3A539DA8AA6E.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Does not include Anthorhina, a name that is actually a junior synonym of Tonatia (see Gardner and Ferrell [1990] and Article 67.8 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature [International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999]) despite its frequent use as a subgenus of Mimon following Handley (1960). The nominate subgenus of Mimon includes bennettii and cozumelae; the other subgenus (formerly called Anthorhina) includes crenulatum and koepckeae, but there is presently no valid name for this subgenus.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
101F932C7C253FED03F9679D0C758E44.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Quintana Roo, Cozumel Isl.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
101F932C7C253FED03F9679D0C758E44.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Mexico to Colombia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
101F932C7C253FED03F9679D0C758E44.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
101F932C7C253FED03F9679D0C758E44.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Formerly included in bennettii (see Hall, 1981; Schaldach, 1965; Villa-R., 1967), but recognized as a distinct species by McCarthy (1987), McCarthy et al. (1993), and Simmons and Voss (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
377EBE6B926A404CF36C6A6614B29734.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia; see Handley (1960).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
377EBE6B926A404CF36C6A6614B29734.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Mimon crenulatum subsp. crenulatum E. Geoffroy 1803 Subspecies Mimon crenulatum subsp. keenani Handley 1960 Subspecies Mimon crenulatum subsp. longifolium Wagner 1843 Subspecies Mimon crenulatum subsp. picatum Thomas 1903	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
377EBE6B926A404CF36C6A6614B29734.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Chiapas and Campeche (Mexico) to Guianas, E Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador and E Peru; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
377EBE6B926A404CF36C6A6614B29734.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
377EBE6B926A404CF36C6A6614B29734.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Does not include koepckeae; see Gardner and Patton (1972). Reviewed by Handley (1960), Jones and Carter (1979), and Koopman (1978 b). Because Wilson and Reeder (1993) did not treat names established in E. Geoffroy (1803) as available, Koopman (1993) attributed authorship of crenulatum to a later work by E. Geoffroy, but this name was actually published in the 1803 volume, which is now accepted (Grubb, 2001 a; Opinion 2005 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 2002 b).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
59284FF1825D638AD7AF8210C0E04300.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia; see Handley (1960).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBF4B4B0A7E9D7420764CC96F22975B8.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Departamento de Ayacucho, Huanhuachayo (12 ° 44 ' S, 73 ° 47 ' w), 1,660 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBF4B4B0A7E9D7420764CC96F22975B8.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Highlands of central Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBF4B4B0A7E9D7420764CC96F22975B8.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CBF4B4B0A7E9D7420764CC96F22975B8.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Koopman (1993, 1994) treated koepckeae as a subspecies of crenulatum, but this does not appear justified given the data presented by Gardner and Patton (1972).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D021E285A3307F276C2E8F666EB56D19.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Amazonas, Tahuapunta (Vaupes River).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D021E285A3307F276C2E8F666EB56D19.taxon	distribution	Distribution: NW Brazil, E Colombia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D021E285A3307F276C2E8F666EB56D19.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable as Micronycteris pusilla.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D021E285A3307F276C2E8F666EB56D19.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Known only from the type series.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E95F622A0E050DB67C81247566155290.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Micronycteris pusilla Sanborn 1949	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E95F622A0E050DB67C81247566155290.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Neonycteris pusilla Sanborn 1949	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E95F622A0E050DB67C81247566155290.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Recognized as a subgenus of Micronycteris by Sanborn (1949) and Simmons (1996); raised to genus rank by Wetterer et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
87FBABD78DE362B4B34CEC9DA3F625C8.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phylloderma stenops Peters 1865	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
87FBABD78DE362B4B34CEC9DA3F625C8.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species with 3 subspecies: Species Phylloderma stenops Peters 1865 Subspecies Phylloderma stenops subsp. stenops Peters 1865 Subspecies Phylloderma stenops subsp. boliviensis Barquez and Ojeda 1979 Subspecies Phylloderma stenops subsp. septentrionalis Goodwin 1940	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
87FBABD78DE362B4B34CEC9DA3F625C8.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Included in Phyllostomus by Baker et al. (1988 b) and Van Den Bussche and Baker (1993), but see Simmons and Voss (1998) and Wetterer et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D88C7467DDC1238DCB5B8F18BEAC8ABC.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: French Guiana, Cayenne.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D88C7467DDC1238DCB5B8F18BEAC8ABC.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Phylloderma stenops subsp. stenops Peters 1865 Subspecies Phylloderma stenops subsp. boliviensis Barquez and Ojeda 1979 Subspecies Phylloderma stenops subsp. septentrionalis Goodwin 1940	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D88C7467DDC1238DCB5B8F18BEAC8ABC.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Mexico to SE Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D88C7467DDC1238DCB5B8F18BEAC8ABC.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D88C7467DDC1238DCB5B8F18BEAC8ABC.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes septentrionalis; see Jones and Carter (1976). Bolivian form reviewed by Bárquez and Ojeda (1979). See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B5CC333F395A48B13714F074C075F45B.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: French Guiana, Cayenne.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E5F036BA6597CEA3BBC899CAFCDAEFD1.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Cuiaba (= Cuyaba).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
31D78A721BF03D4E1EAA5E461E81AE5B.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Cuiaba (= Cuyaba).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
31D78A721BF03D4E1EAA5E461E81AE5B.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Phyllostomus discolor subsp. discolor Wagner 1843 Subspecies Phyllostomus discolor subsp. verrucosus Elliot 1905	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
31D78A721BF03D4E1EAA5E461E81AE5B.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Oaxaca and Veracruz (Mexico) to Guianas, SE Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, N Argentina and Peru; Trinidad; Margarita Isl (Venezeula).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
31D78A721BF03D4E1EAA5E461E81AE5B.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C0941CCFF84F76982DB2CD4D91A90C8C.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Rio Branco.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C0941CCFF84F76982DB2CD4D91A90C8C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Bolivia, E Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia to Guianas and E Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C0941CCFF84F76982DB2CD4D91A90C8C.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B2826F4216C2022C61CDA32CD053A4FC.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Surinam.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B2826F4216C2022C61CDA32CD053A4FC.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Phyllostomus hastatus subsp. hastatus Pallas 1767 Subspecies Phyllostomus hastatus subsp. panamensis J. A. Allen 1904	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B2826F4216C2022C61CDA32CD053A4FC.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guatemala and Belize to the Guianas, Brazil, Paraguay, N Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru; Trinidad and Tobago; Margarita Isl (Venezuela).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B2826F4216C2022C61CDA32CD053A4FC.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
73C5D2EF27D9709031D9E90E84DB1C6F.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Surinam.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9079212F9C2200C4B58A1226BB1E749D.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: V (espertilio) hastatus Pallas 1767	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9079212F9C2200C4B58A1226BB1E749D.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 4 species with 4 subspecies: Species Phyllostomus discolor Wagner 1843 Subspecies Phyllostomus discolor subsp. discolor Wagner 1843 Subspecies Phyllostomus discolor subsp. verrucosus Elliot 1905 Species Phyllostomus elongatus E. Geoffroy 1810 Species Phyllostomus hastatus (Pallas 1767) Subspecies Phyllostomus hastatus subsp. hastatus Pallas 1767 Subspecies Phyllostomus hastatus subsp. panamensis J. A. Allen 1904 Species Phyllostomus latifolius Thomas 1901	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9079212F9C2200C4B58A1226BB1E749D.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Does not include Phylloderma, but see Baker et al. (1988 b) and Van Den Bussche and Baker (1993). Phylogenetic relationships among species discussed by Baker et al. (1988 b) and Van Den Bussche and Baker (1993).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D2606B70652218838E65BCCB4A97B3BA.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guyana, Essequibo Prov., Mt. Kanuku.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D2606B70652218838E65BCCB4A97B3BA.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guianas, SE Colombia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D2606B70652218838E65BCCB4A97B3BA.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D2606B70652218838E65BCCB4A97B3BA.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Clearly distinct from elongatus.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7302BF356576A0F3275205DF11BBCD28.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia, Rio Sao Francisco.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7302BF356576A0F3275205DF11BBCD28.taxon	distribution	Distribution: NE Brazil to N Argentina and Paraguay.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7302BF356576A0F3275205DF11BBCD28.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7302BF356576A0F3275205DF11BBCD28.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Most material previously referred to bidens from Central America and northern South America is now recognized as saurophila; see Williams et al. (1995).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2059739157940AAF82BCF84BD3258036.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Vampyrus bidens Spix 1823	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2059739157940AAF82BCF84BD3258036.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 2 species with 3 subspecies: Species Tonatia bidens (Spix 1823) Species Tonatia saurophila Koopman and Williams 1951 Subspecies Tonatia saurophila subsp. saurophila Koopman and Williams 1951 Subspecies Tonatia saurophila subsp. bakeri Williams, Willig, and Reid 1995 Subspecies Tonatia saurophila subsp. maresi Williams, Willig, and Reid 1995	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2059739157940AAF82BCF84BD3258036.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Tonatia as traditionally defined was recently shown to be non-monophyletic (see Lee et al., 2002), and so has been restricted to include only the type species (bidens) and its close relative (saurophila). The remaining species, which together form a clade that is not closely related to Tonatia, are here transferred to Lophostoma following the recommendation of Lee et al. (2002). Keys to Tonatia have been published by several authors, but only one publication – Williams et al. (1995) – describes distinctions between the species now included in the genus.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
20EADB0F08EBA89CAA886B8CDF0E1C54.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Jamaica, St. Elizabeth Parish, Balaclava, Wallingford Roadside Cave.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
20EADB0F08EBA89CAA886B8CDF0E1C54.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Tonatia saurophila subsp. saurophila Koopman and Williams 1951 Subspecies Tonatia saurophila subsp. bakeri Williams, Willig, and Reid 1995 Subspecies Tonatia saurophila subsp. maresi Williams, Willig, and Reid 1995	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
20EADB0F08EBA89CAA886B8CDF0E1C54.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Chiapas (Mexico) and Belize to Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela, the Guianas, and NE Brazil; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
20EADB0F08EBA89CAA886B8CDF0E1C54.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Lower Risk (lc); not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
20EADB0F08EBA89CAA886B8CDF0E1C54.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Originally described from fossils from Jamaica. Reviewed by Williams et al. (1995).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2BD539DB283725D85ECF7EED4746B937.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Jamaica, St. Elizabeth Parish, Balaclava, Wallingford Roadside Cave.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D7B4713D8BD18F1701A22FCF9F3FB29C.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Pará (restricted by Husson, 1962).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D7B4713D8BD18F1701A22FCF9F3FB29C.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Trachops cirrhosus subsp. cirrhosus Spix 1823 Subspecies Trachops cirrhosus subsp. coffini Goldman 1925 Subspecies Trachops cirrhosus subsp. ehrhardti Felten 1956	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D7B4713D8BD18F1701A22FCF9F3FB29C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Oaxaca (Mexico) to Guianas, SE Brazil, Bolivia and Ecuador; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D7B4713D8BD18F1701A22FCF9F3FB29C.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D7B4713D8BD18F1701A22FCF9F3FB29C.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Reviewed by Cramer et al. (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
114700B82F1AAD0E81F4BC287F3B018A.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Pará (restricted by Husson, 1962).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
39F6BED0183B24CF7D6A3DCF4C49B8AC.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Trachops fuliginosus Gray 1865	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
39F6BED0183B24CF7D6A3DCF4C49B8AC.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species with 3 subspecies: Species Trachops cirrhosus (Spix 1823) Subspecies Trachops cirrhosus subsp. cirrhosus Spix 1823 Subspecies Trachops cirrhosus subsp. coffini Goldman 1925 Subspecies Trachops cirrhosus subsp. ehrhardti Felten 1956	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
56BE62B6C50E7E4548E9C6604C078356.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Norte de Santander, Cucuta.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
56BE62B6C50E7E4548E9C6604C078356.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Belize to N Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Amazonian Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru; Bolivia; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
56BE62B6C50E7E4548E9C6604C078356.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as Micronycteris nicefori.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
56BE62B6C50E7E4548E9C6604C078356.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Simmons and Voss (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
075EB180353088EF07CB644BD54B64D9.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Micronycteris nicefori Sanborn 1949	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
075EB180353088EF07CB644BD54B64D9.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Trinycteris nicefori Sanborn 1949	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
075EB180353088EF07CB644BD54B64D9.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Recognized as a subgenus of Micronycteris by Sanborn (1949) and Simmons (1996); raised to genus rank by Simmons and Voss (1998) following information later published in Wetterer et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C88312E592E7572BA86A26BFEB1FAB00.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Vespertilio spectrum Linnaeus 1758	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C88312E592E7572BA86A26BFEB1FAB00.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Vampyrum spectrum (Linnaeus 1758)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
ECB8773954CBAA772CEDA84252FE5122.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Surinam.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
ECB8773954CBAA772CEDA84252FE5122.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Veracruz (Mexico) to Ecuador and Peru, Bolivia, N and SW Brazil, and Guianas; Trinidad; perhaps Jamaica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
ECB8773954CBAA772CEDA84252FE5122.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
ECB8773954CBAA772CEDA84252FE5122.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Navarro and Wilson (1982). See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A2C556F9367B298A060CD25BF41D1AFB.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Espirito Santo, Jucu River, Fazenda de Coroaba.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A2C556F9367B298A060CD25BF41D1AFB.taxon	distribution	Distribution: E Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and N & E Brazil; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A2C556F9367B298A060CD25BF41D1AFB.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A2C556F9367B298A060CD25BF41D1AFB.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Long confused with perspicillata or subrufa; see Pine (1972). Range restricted to N South America and E Panama by Baker et al. (2002), who referred all Central American records (from W Panama north through Mexico) to sowelli. It is possible that these taxa occur in sympatry in Panama, but this has not yet been demonstrated.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D7BD52EF14440B6D095242D8A43D8783.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Costa Rica, Angostura.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D7BD52EF14440B6D095242D8A43D8783.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Honduras to Peru, Bolivia, W Brazil and Venezuela.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D7BD52EF14440B6D095242D8A43D8783.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D7BD52EF14440B6D095242D8A43D8783.taxon	discussion	Discussion: This complex probably includes more than one species; see Hoffman and Baker (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5E87E91265595433EA304A450B240A29.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Antioquia, Municipality of Barbosa, La Cejita road, 6 ° 25 ' N, 75 ° 15 ' W.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5E87E91265595433EA304A450B240A29.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Cordillera Central of N Colombia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5E87E91265595433EA304A450B240A29.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Not evaluated (new species).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5E87E91265595433EA304A450B240A29.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Known only from the type locality.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A3C6D7928354ACD95F3679EC7AE1346D.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Carollia braziliensis Gray 1838	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A3C6D7928354ACD95F3679EC7AE1346D.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 6 species: Species Carollia brevicauda (Schinz 1821) Species Carollia castanea H. Allen 1890 Species Carollia colombiana Cuartas, Muñoz, and González 2001 Species Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus 1758) Species Carollia sowelli Baker, Solari, and Hoffmann 2002 Species Carollia subrufa Hahn 1905	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A3C6D7928354ACD95F3679EC7AE1346D.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Revised by Pine (1972); phylogeny and geographic patterns discussed by Lim and Engstrom (1998), Wright et al. (1999), Baker et al. (2002), and Hoffman and Baker (2003). Also see Cloutier and Thomas (1992) and Cuartas et al. (2001). Keys were provided by many of these authors, but none included all of the species recognized here.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F03EEA02057A530D0E9D838782B2F26E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Surinam.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F03EEA02057A530D0E9D838782B2F26E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Oaxaca, Veracruz and Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico) to Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, SE Brazil and Guianas; Trinidad and Tobago; perhaps Jamaica, N Lesser Antilles. A record from Grenada (Lesser Antilles) is probably erroneous; see Genoways et al. (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F03EEA02057A530D0E9D838782B2F26E.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F03EEA02057A530D0E9D838782B2F26E.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes tricolor; see Pine (1972). Some authors have recognized subspecies, but see Pine (1972), McLellan (1984), and Koopman (1994). See also Cloutier and Thomas (1992). Phylogeography discussed by Ditchfield (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5FB0D27FD17035858035C80F961C8A0B.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 2 genera with 9 species: Genus Carollia Gray 1838 (6 species) Genus Rhinophylla Peters 1865 (3 species)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5FB0D27FD17035858035C80F961C8A0B.taxon	discussion	Discussion: May not be monophyletic; see Lim and Engstrom (1998), Wright et al. (1999), and Baker et al. (2000). Treated as a tribe within Stenodermatinae by McKenna and Bell (1997), but see Wetterer et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2F53C90E0CA32B48FD24C6B556B0FB13.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Honduras, Comayagua, Cueva de Taulabe, 14 ° 41 ' 42 " N, 87 ° 57 ' 07 " W.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2F53C90E0CA32B48FD24C6B556B0FB13.taxon	distribution	Distribution: San Luis Potosi (Mexico) south to W Panama.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2F53C90E0CA32B48FD24C6B556B0FB13.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Not evaluated (new species).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2F53C90E0CA32B48FD24C6B556B0FB13.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Specimens of this species were previously referred to brevicauda, which is now thought to be restricted to E Panama and South America; see Wright et al. (1999), Baker et al. (2002), and Hoffman and Baker (2003). It is possible that these taxa occur in sympatry in Panama, but this has not yet been demonstrated.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6EAEEB33E981240AB1232AC0FF6B7A06.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, NW coast of Oaxaca, 8 mi (12 km) NW Tapanatepec, Sta. Efigenia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6EAEEB33E981240AB1232AC0FF6B7A06.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Jalisco (Mexico) to NW Nicaragua. A report of this species from Guyana (Koopman, 1993) appears to be in error (B. Lim, pers. comm.).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6EAEEB33E981240AB1232AC0FF6B7A06.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6EAEEB33E981240AB1232AC0FF6B7A06.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Not a subspecies of castanea; see Pine (1972).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4B609236878FAACB24F80101A71EBEC8.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Valle, 27 km S Buenaventura, Raposo River.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4B609236878FAACB24F80101A71EBEC8.taxon	distribution	Distribution: W Colombia, W Ecuador.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4B609236878FAACB24F80101A71EBEC8.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
77437C1E3B73BF80ADE8E1C555DEC1CC.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Loreto, 61 mi. (98 km) SE Pucallpa.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
77437C1E3B73BF80ADE8E1C555DEC1CC.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Peru, Ecuador, SE Colombia, S Venezuela, Amazonian Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
77437C1E3B73BF80ADE8E1C555DEC1CC.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4A64C9F65E98C6B3CA20F46BABAEB463.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Rhinophylla pumilio Peters 1865	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4A64C9F65E98C6B3CA20F46BABAEB463.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 3 species: Species Rhinophylla alethina Handley 1966 Species Rhinophylla fischerae Carter 1966 Species Rhinophylla pumilio Peters 1865	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4A64C9F65E98C6B3CA20F46BABAEB463.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Phylogeny and geographic patterns discussed by Lim and Engstrom (1998) and Wright et al. (1999).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8C697CD953DC17E7F107998EB3833E67.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8C697CD953DC17E7F107998EB3833E67.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia to Guianas and E Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8C697CD953DC17E7F107998EB3833E67.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
62E2412D8A861E4C09FEDCE7C121B740.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 18 genera with 67 species in 2 tribes: Tribe Sturnirini Miller 1907 Genus Sturnira Gray 1842 (14 species with 11 subspecies) Tribe Stenodermatini Gervais 1856 Genus Ametrida Gray 1847 (1 species) Genus Ardops Miller 1906 (1 species with 5 subspecies) Genus Ariteus Gray 1838 (1 species) Genus Artibeus Leach 1821 (18 species with 25 subspecies) Genus Centurio Gray 1842 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Chiroderma Peters 1860 (5 species with 4 subspecies) Genus Ectophylla H. Allen 1892 (1 species) Genus Enchisthenes K. Andersen 1906 (1 species) Genus Mesophylla Thomas 1901 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Phyllops Peters 1865 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Platyrrhinus Saussure 1860 (10 species with 7 subspecies) Genus Pygoderma Peters 1863 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Sphaeronycteris Peters 1882 (1 species) Genus Stenoderma E. Geoffroy 1818 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Uroderma Peters 1865 (2 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Vampyressa Thomas 1900 (6 species) Genus Vampyrodes Thomas 1900 (1 species with 2 subspecies)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
62E2412D8A861E4C09FEDCE7C121B740.taxon	discussion	Discussion: McKenna and Bell (1997) included Carolliinae as a tribe (Carolliini) within Stenodermatinae, but the traditional usage of these group names is retained here; see discussion in Wetterer et al. (2000). Phylogenetic relationships have been discussed by Owen (1987, 1991), Lim (1993), Van Den Bussche et al. (1993 a), Wetterer et al. (2000), and Baker et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A7519DD5E5AE6B67E993D011D4A61AE8.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 1 genus with 14 species: Genus Sturnira Gray 1842 (14 species with 11 subspecies)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A7519DD5E5AE6B67E993D011D4A61AE8.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Monogeneric; equivalent to subtribe Sturnirina of McKenna and Bell (1997). See discussion in Wetterer et al. (2000). Relationships and biogeography reviewed by Pacheco and Patterson (1992).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
229AB512E8432A7314C6C9E063340C2B.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Ecuador, Napo, Baeza, Upper Coca River, 6,500 ft. (1,981 m).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
229AB512E8432A7314C6C9E063340C2B.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, perhaps Amazonian Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
229AB512E8432A7314C6C9E063340C2B.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
229AB512E8432A7314C6C9E063340C2B.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Corvira. Formerly placed in a distinct genus (Corvira); see Gardner and O'Neill (1969) and Jones and Carter (1976). See Molinari and Soriano (1987).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
1648E58BAA2FF31D0643ADEECCD11C63.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 14 species with 11 subspecies: Species Sturnira (Sturnira) aratathomasi Peterson and Tamsitt 1968 Species Sturnira (Corvira) bidens Thomas 1915 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) bogotensis Shamel 1927 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) erythromos Tschudi 1844 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium (E. Geoffroy 1810) Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. lilium E. Geoffroy 1810 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. angeli de la Torre 1966 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. luciae Jones and Phillips 1976 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. parvidens Goldman 1917 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. paulsoni de la Torre 1966 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. serotinus Genoways 1998 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. vulcanensis Genoways 1998 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. zygomaticus Jones and Phillips 1976 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici Anthony 1924 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici subsp. ludovici Anthony 1924 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici subsp. hondurensis Goodwin 1940 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici subsp. occidentalis Jones and Phillips 1964 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) luisi Davis 1980 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) magna de la Torre 1966 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) mistratensis Vega and Cadena 2000 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) mordax Goodwin 1938 Species Sturnira (Corvira) nana Gardner and O'Neill 1971 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) oporaphilum Tschudi 1844 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) thomasi de la Torre and Schwartz 1966 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) tildae de la Torre 1959	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A392EB22E5215C4CAF5D48A041E62D3D.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Valle, 2 km S Pance (ca. 20 km SW Cali), 1,650 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A392EB22E5215C4CAF5D48A041E62D3D.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia, Ecuador, NW Venezuela, Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A392EB22E5215C4CAF5D48A041E62D3D.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A392EB22E5215C4CAF5D48A041E62D3D.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. See Soriano and Molinari (1987).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
23E86FFE19BACC474413F76C599FAC7C.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Cundinamarca, Bogota.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
23E86FFE19BACC474413F76C599FAC7C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Records from Venezuela, Bolivia, and Argentina are erroneous (see Pacheco and Patterson, 1992).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
23E86FFE19BACC474413F76C599FAC7C.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
23E86FFE19BACC474413F76C599FAC7C.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. Often confused with erythromos, ludovici, and oporaphilum, but see Handley (1976) and Pacheco and Patterson (1992).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AF19D8A8ED7552A02AB70D145A13C5BD.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AF19D8A8ED7552A02AB70D145A13C5BD.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Venezuela to Peru, Bolivia, and NW Argentina.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AF19D8A8ED7552A02AB70D145A13C5BD.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AF19D8A8ED7552A02AB70D145A13C5BD.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. Reviewed by Pacheco and Patterson (1992); also see Giannini and Barquez (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
94A2FE29BF99A7888F217E9586966F2E.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Sturnira (Sturnira) spectrum Gray 1842	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A08804210F0D4F0CFD09E4A32FAB0FCF.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Paraguay, Asunción (restricted by Cabrera [1958]).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A08804210F0D4F0CFD09E4A32FAB0FCF.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. lilium E. Geoffroy 1810 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. angeli de la Torre 1966 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. luciae Jones and Phillips 1976 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. parvidens Goldman 1917 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. paulsoni de la Torre 1966 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. serotinus Genoways 1998 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. vulcanensis Genoways 1998 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. zygomaticus Jones and Phillips 1976	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A08804210F0D4F0CFD09E4A32FAB0FCF.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Lesser Antilles; Sonora and Tamaulipas (Mexico) south to Bolivia, Paraguay, N Argentina, Uruguay, and E Brazil; Trinidad and Tobago; Grenada; perhaps Jamaica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A08804210F0D4F0CFD09E4A32FAB0FCF.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A08804210F0D4F0CFD09E4A32FAB0FCF.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. Includes angeli and paulsoni; see Jones and Phillips (1976). Reviewed in part by Jones and Phillips (1976), Genoways (1998), and Timm and Genoways (2003); also see Jones (1989) and Gannon et al. (1989). Phylogeography discussed by Ditchfield (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3F125D111E407B9B0644F8E47CC1F891.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Paraguay, Asunción (restricted by Cabrera [1958]).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4064BE1F962928D471F1DA9CC95DA6CF.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Ecuador, Pichincha, near Gualea, ca. 4,000 ft (1,333 m).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4064BE1F962928D471F1DA9CC95DA6CF.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici subsp. ludovici Anthony 1924 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici subsp. hondurensis Goodwin 1940 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici subsp. occidentalis Jones and Phillips 1964	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4064BE1F962928D471F1DA9CC95DA6CF.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Ecuador and Guyana north to Sonora and Tamaulipas (Mexico).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4064BE1F962928D471F1DA9CC95DA6CF.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4064BE1F962928D471F1DA9CC95DA6CF.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. Includes hondurensis; see Jones and Carter (1976). Bolivian records probably pertain to oporaphilum; Peruvian ones definitely do; see Anderson et al. (1982) and Pacheco and Patterson (1992).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
08158F9DAAA4A19699A1E71C7416A12D.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Ecuador, Pichincha, near Gualea, ca. 4,000 ft (1,333 m).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
57210464142D8C45D25E6FC8F667B7EC.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Sturnira spectrum Gray 1842	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
57210464142D8C45D25E6FC8F667B7EC.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 14 species with 11 subspecies in 2 subgenera: Subgenus Sturnira (Sturnira) Gray 1842 Subgenus Sturnira (Corvira) Thomas 1915 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) aratathomasi Peterson and Tamsitt 1968 Species Sturnira (Corvira) bidens Thomas 1915 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) bogotensis Shamel 1927 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) erythromos Tschudi 1844 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium (E. Geoffroy 1810) Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. lilium E. Geoffroy 1810 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. angeli de la Torre 1966 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. luciae Jones and Phillips 1976 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. parvidens Goldman 1917 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. paulsoni de la Torre 1966 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. serotinus Genoways 1998 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. vulcanensis Genoways 1998 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium subsp. zygomaticus Jones and Phillips 1976 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici Anthony 1924 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici subsp. ludovici Anthony 1924 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici subsp. hondurensis Goodwin 1940 Subspecies Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici subsp. occidentalis Jones and Phillips 1964 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) luisi Davis 1980 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) magna de la Torre 1966 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) mistratensis Vega and Cadena 2000 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) mordax Goodwin 1938 Species Sturnira (Corvira) nana Gardner and O'Neill 1971 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) oporaphilum Tschudi 1844 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) thomasi de la Torre and Schwartz 1966 Species Sturnira (Sturnira) tildae de la Torre 1959	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
57210464142D8C45D25E6FC8F667B7EC.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes Corvira; see Jones and Carter (1976). Davis (1980) gave a key to all but one of the species recognized here. Two subgenera are recognized, Sturnira and Corvira. Phylogenies of the genus have been proposed by Pacheco and Patterson (1991) and Villalobos and Valerio (2002).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7EA641F96C5874509E9779A00D04EA81.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Ayacucho, Huanhuachayo, 1,660 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7EA641F96C5874509E9779A00D04EA81.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7EA641F96C5874509E9779A00D04EA81.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7EA641F96C5874509E9779A00D04EA81.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Corvira.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
75C28628403323942ECFB0388BC16872.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Costa Rica, Alajuela, 11 mi. (18 km) NE Naranjo, Cariblanco, 3,000 ft. (914 m).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
75C28628403323942ECFB0388BC16872.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Costa Rica to Ecuador and NW Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
75C28628403323942ECFB0388BC16872.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
75C28628403323942ECFB0388BC16872.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. The presence of this species in Colombia has not been verified; previously confused with Sturnira ludovici (Tamsitt, in Honacki et al., 1982). Brosset and Charles-Dominique (1990) suggested that luisi might be conspecific with tildae, but see Simmons and Voss (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
75F90BDA3445DE0069B35B80CF3986D3.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Loreto, Iquitos, Río Maniti, Santa Cecilia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
75F90BDA3445DE0069B35B80CF3986D3.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, W Brazil, Bolivia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
75F90BDA3445DE0069B35B80CF3986D3.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
75F90BDA3445DE0069B35B80CF3986D3.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. See Tamsitt and Häuser (1985).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E30F7095D5F45C728F01DD99C40F8837.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Risaralda, Mistrató, corregimiento de Puerto de Oro, 980 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E30F7095D5F45C728F01DD99C40F8837.taxon	distribution	Distribution: W Andes of Colombia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E30F7095D5F45C728F01DD99C40F8837.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated (new species); and not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
E30F7095D5F45C728F01DD99C40F8837.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. Known only from the holotype.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AFC2CE583B06CEF2539C2C3F61BF52AB.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Costa Rica, Cartago, El Sauce Peralta.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AFC2CE583B06CEF2539C2C3F61BF52AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Costa Rica, Panama.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AFC2CE583B06CEF2539C2C3F61BF52AB.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AFC2CE583B06CEF2539C2C3F61BF52AB.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. Formerly included in Sturnirops; see Davis et al. (1964).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
36A283ADF40B43DD257A3F59DAB5DDD5.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
36A283ADF40B43DD257A3F59DAB5DDD5.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and NW Argentina.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
36A283ADF40B43DD257A3F59DAB5DDD5.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
36A283ADF40B43DD257A3F59DAB5DDD5.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. Often confused with bogotensis; see Pacheco and Patterson (1992).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
53B659C82E60049FF3446414A34B20AE.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles), Sofaia, 1,200 ft. (366 m) (France).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
53B659C82E60049FF3446414A34B20AE.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guadeloupe and Montserrat (Lesser Antilles).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
53B659C82E60049FF3446414A34B20AE.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Endangered.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
53B659C82E60049FF3446414A34B20AE.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. See Jones and Genoways (1975 c) and Pedersen et al. (1996).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9A33BEFE37507A70DF9A7C41D1E52C33.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Pará, Belem.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9A33BEFE37507A70DF9A7C41D1E52C33.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Amazonian Brazil, Guianas, Panama, Venezuela, Trinidad, Bonaire Isl (Netherlands Antilles).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9A33BEFE37507A70DF9A7C41D1E52C33.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9A33BEFE37507A70DF9A7C41D1E52C33.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes minor; see Jones and Carter (1976). See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6E44F3E1F35DAB03277CBEF39E847C75.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Ametrida centurio Gray 1847	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6E44F3E1F35DAB03277CBEF39E847C75.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Ametrida centurio Gray 1847	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6E44F3E1F35DAB03277CBEF39E847C75.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Stenodermatina. Revised by Peterson (1965 b).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C4F54760E51FF919F6FAE8C21720BE5B.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Stenoderma nichollsi Thomas 1891	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C4F54760E51FF919F6FAE8C21720BE5B.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species with 5 subspecies: Species Ardops nichollsi (Thomas 1891) Subspecies Ardops nichollsi subsp. nichollsi Thomas 1891 Subspecies Ardops nichollsi subsp. annectens Miller 1913 Subspecies Ardops nichollsi subsp. koopmani Jones and Schwartz 1967 Subspecies Ardops nichollsi subsp. luciae Miller 1902 Subspecies Ardops nichollsi subsp. montserratensis Thomas 1894	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C4F54760E51FF919F6FAE8C21720BE5B.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Stenodermatina. Revised by Jones and Schwartz (1967). Included under Stenoderma by Varona (1974) and Simpson (1945), but see Jones and Carter (1976).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9917B4415659419C2B738CEF3FB54671.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Dominica (Lesser Antilles).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9917B4415659419C2B738CEF3FB54671.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Ardops nichollsi subsp. nichollsi Thomas 1891 Subspecies Ardops nichollsi subsp. annectens Miller 1913 Subspecies Ardops nichollsi subsp. koopmani Jones and Schwartz 1967 Subspecies Ardops nichollsi subsp. luciae Miller 1902 Subspecies Ardops nichollsi subsp. montserratensis Thomas 1894	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9917B4415659419C2B738CEF3FB54671.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Lesser Antilles, from St. Eustatius to St. Vincent.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9917B4415659419C2B738CEF3FB54671.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
9917B4415659419C2B738CEF3FB54671.taxon	discussion	Discussion: For discussion of subspecies see Jones and Schwartz (1967) and Jones (1989). See also Jones and Genoways (1973).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A69D292A31A3C24C15D449112D43C4FC.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Dominica (Lesser Antilles).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0D2205B605A6BB0368E3A51A6A34C7ED.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Not designated in original publication (presumably Jamaica).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0D2205B605A6BB0368E3A51A6A34C7ED.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Jamaica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0D2205B605A6BB0368E3A51A6A34C7ED.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0D2205B605A6BB0368E3A51A6A34C7ED.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Timm and Genoways (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
EAA7064FB7FC62053DCC5A90EBCB3CBD.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Istiophorus flavescens Gray 1831	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
EAA7064FB7FC62053DCC5A90EBCB3CBD.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Ariteus flavescens (Gray 1831)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
EAA7064FB7FC62053DCC5A90EBCB3CBD.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Stenodermatina. Included as a subgenus of Stenoderma by Varona (1974) and Simpson (1945); but see Jones and Carter (1976).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5381B8F7CB51A5925A50B12755954232.taxon	child_taxa	Genera: 17 genera with 53 species: Genus Ametrida Gray 1847 (1 species) Genus Ardops Miller 1906 (1 species with 5 subspecies) Genus Ariteus Gray 1838 (1 species) Genus Artibeus Leach 1821 (18 species with 25 subspecies) Genus Centurio Gray 1842 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Chiroderma Peters 1860 (5 species with 4 subspecies) Genus Ectophylla H. Allen 1892 (1 species) Genus Enchisthenes K. Andersen 1906 (1 species) Genus Mesophylla Thomas 1901 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Phyllops Peters 1865 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Platyrrhinus Saussure 1860 (10 species with 7 subspecies) Genus Pygoderma Peters 1863 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Sphaeronycteris Peters 1882 (1 species) Genus Stenoderma E. Geoffroy 1818 (1 species with 2 subspecies) Genus Uroderma Peters 1865 (2 species with 3 subspecies) Genus Vampyressa Thomas 1900 (6 species) Genus Vampyrodes Thomas 1900 (1 species with 2 subspecies)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5381B8F7CB51A5925A50B12755954232.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Equivalent to subtribe Stenodermatina of McKenna and Bell (1997). The subtribal classification used here follows Wetterer et al. (2000). The subtribe Ectophyllina may be paraphylletic (see Baker et al., 2000), but there is strong support for monophyly of the subtribe Stenodermatina from both morphology and DNA sequence data (Baker et al., 2000; Wetterer et al. 2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C4AA057AD53A31549D5B5DA75AE4568C.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad, Arima Valley.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C4AA057AD53A31549D5B5DA75AE4568C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Brazil, Guianas, Venezuela, Trinidad, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C4AA057AD53A31549D5B5DA75AE4568C.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C4AA057AD53A31549D5B5DA75AE4568C.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Sturnira. Does not include luisi; see Simmons and Voss (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C33A58272003C650B01F1F266703641E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Zulia, Kasmera.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C33A58272003C650B01F1F266703641E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guyana, Venezuela, N Colombia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C33A58272003C650B01F1F266703641E.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C33A58272003C650B01F1F266703641E.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Artibeus. Reviewed by Lim and Wilson (1993).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6A728036826C029A6E649C3783CA3F32.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis Leach 1821	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3B896D933734C2B3AD6DCF1724D820C4.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Rondonia, Porto Velho.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3B896D933734C2B3AD6DCF1724D820C4.taxon	distribution	Distribution: W Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3B896D933734C2B3AD6DCF1724D820C4.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3B896D933734C2B3AD6DCF1724D820C4.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Dermanura. Previously considered a subspecies of cinereus, but see Koopman (1978 b) and Handley (1987).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C19DFF1416348138F2EB9DB011FE1BBF.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Morelos, Tetela del Volcán.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C19DFF1416348138F2EB9DB011FE1BBF.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus subsp. aztecus K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus subsp. major Davis 1969 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus subsp. minor Davis 1969	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C19DFF1416348138F2EB9DB011FE1BBF.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Michoacan and Oaxaca to Nuevo León and Sinaloa (Mexico), south to W Panama.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C19DFF1416348138F2EB9DB011FE1BBF.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C19DFF1416348138F2EB9DB011FE1BBF.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Dermanura. Not a subspecies of cinereus; see Jones and Carter (1976). Revised by Davis (1969). See Webster and Jones (1982 b).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5D71EBC6C879A510B73F81516A1DAE24.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Morelos, Tetela del Volcán.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
894C4B96143E367D2C0267EF63C47BA9.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Pará, Belem.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
894C4B96143E367D2C0267EF63C47BA9.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guianas, Venezuela, N Brazil, Peru, Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
894C4B96143E367D2C0267EF63C47BA9.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
894C4B96143E367D2C0267EF63C47BA9.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Dermanura. Does not include gnomus or glaucus; see Handley (1987).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B20FB7BE552D4033451BD3AA83156F0C.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Surinam, Paramaribo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B20FB7BE552D4033451BD3AA83156F0C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guianas, Venezuela, Colombia, N Brazil, Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B20FB7BE552D4033451BD3AA83156F0C.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B20FB7BE552D4033451BD3AA83156F0C.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Koopmania. A revised diagnosis was presented by Owen (1991), who placed this species in its own genus (Koopmania), which is here considered a subgenus of Artibeus based on phylogenetic results of Marques-Aguiar (1994), Van Den Bussche et al. (1998), Baker et al. (2000), and Wetterer et al. (2000). See Acosta and Owen (1993).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
EBFE0DF4AB5F70D5DFA93670CCE92376.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 18 species with 25 subspecies: Species Artibeus (Artibeus) amplus Handley 1987 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) anderseni Osgood 1916 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus subsp. aztecus K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus subsp. major Davis 1969 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus subsp. minor Davis 1969 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) cinereus Gervais 1856 Species Artibeus (Koopmania) concolor Peters 1865 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) fimbriatus Gray 1838 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) fraterculus Anthony 1924 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) glaucus Thomas 1893 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) gnomus Handley 1987 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) hirsutus K. Andersen 1906 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) incomitatus Kalko and Handley 1994 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) inopinatus Davis and Carter 1964 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis Leach 1821 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. jamaicensis Leach 1821 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. aequatorialis K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. fallax Peters 1865 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. grenadensis K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. hercules Rehn 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. parvipes Rehn 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. paulus Davis 1970 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. planirostris Spix 1823 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. richardsoni J. A. Allen 1908 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. schwartzi Jones 1978 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. trinitatis K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. triomylus Handley 1966 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. yucatanicus J. A. Allen 1904 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus (Olfers 1818) Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus subsp. lituratus Olfers 1818 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus subsp. koopmani Wilson 1991 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus subsp. palmarum J. A. Allen 1897 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) obscurus Schinz 1821 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis Miller 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. phaeotis Miller 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. nanus K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. palatinus Davis 1970 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. ravus Miller 1902 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) toltecus Saussure 1860 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) toltecus subsp. toltecus Saussure 1860 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) toltecus subsp. hesperus Davis 1969 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) watsoni Thomas 1901	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8CBF04E0DAA128E09FA2477BE94B073C.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Artibeus jamaicensis Leach 1821	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8CBF04E0DAA128E09FA2477BE94B073C.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 18 species with 25 subspecies in 3 subgenera: Subgenus Artibeus (Artibeus) Leach 1821 Subgenus Artibeus (Dermanura) Gervais 1856 Subgenus Artibeus (Koopmania) Owen 1991 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) amplus Handley 1987 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) anderseni Osgood 1916 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus subsp. aztecus K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus subsp. major Davis 1969 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) aztecus subsp. minor Davis 1969 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) cinereus Gervais 1856 Species Artibeus (Koopmania) concolor Peters 1865 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) fimbriatus Gray 1838 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) fraterculus Anthony 1924 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) glaucus Thomas 1893 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) gnomus Handley 1987 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) hirsutus K. Andersen 1906 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) incomitatus Kalko and Handley 1994 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) inopinatus Davis and Carter 1964 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis Leach 1821 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. jamaicensis Leach 1821 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. aequatorialis K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. fallax Peters 1865 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. grenadensis K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. hercules Rehn 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. parvipes Rehn 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. paulus Davis 1970 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. planirostris Spix 1823 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. richardsoni J. A. Allen 1908 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. schwartzi Jones 1978 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. trinitatis K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. triomylus Handley 1966 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. yucatanicus J. A. Allen 1904 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus (Olfers 1818) Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus subsp. lituratus Olfers 1818 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus subsp. koopmani Wilson 1991 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus subsp. palmarum J. A. Allen 1897 Species Artibeus (Artibeus) obscurus Schinz 1821 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis Miller 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. phaeotis Miller 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. nanus K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. palatinus Davis 1970 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. ravus Miller 1902 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) toltecus Saussure 1860 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) toltecus subsp. toltecus Saussure 1860 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) toltecus subsp. hesperus Davis 1969 Species Artibeus (Dermanura) watsoni Thomas 1901	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8CBF04E0DAA128E09FA2477BE94B073C.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Ectophyllina. Includes three subgenera as recognized here: Artibeus, Dermanura, and Koopmania. Does not include Enchisthenes; see Lim (1993), Van Den Bussche et al. (1993 a, 1998), Baker et al. (2000), and Wetterer et al. (2000). Some researchers regard Dermanura as a distinct genus, but I prefer to treat it as a subgenus of Artibeus in recognition of its close phylogenetic affinities with Artibeus sensu stricto (see phylogenies in Van Den Bussche et al. [1993 a, 1998], Baker et al. [2000], and Wetterer et al. [2000]). Large-bodied species (subgenus Artibeus) were reviewed by Marques-Aguiar (1994); see also Lim and Wilson (1993). Handley (1987) reviewed the smaller species (subgenera Dermanura and Koopmania). Species relationships discussed by Marques-Aguiar (1994) and Van Den Bussche et al. (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F9DB22BD63451E0E1E96416BBA2A12DD.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Paraná, Serra do Mar, Morretes.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F9DB22BD63451E0E1E96416BBA2A12DD.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Brazil, Paraguay.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F9DB22BD63451E0E1E96416BBA2A12DD.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F9DB22BD63451E0E1E96416BBA2A12DD.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Artibeus. Reviewed by Handley (1989) and Marques-Aguiar (1994).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7FB98568C32E5ED56AB03D93193B8C00.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Ecuador, El Oro, Portovelo, 2,000 ft. (610 m).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7FB98568C32E5ED56AB03D93193B8C00.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Ecuador, Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7FB98568C32E5ED56AB03D93193B8C00.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7FB98568C32E5ED56AB03D93193B8C00.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Artibeus. Considered a subspecies of jamaicensis by Jones and Carter (1976), but see Koopman (1978 b) and Marques-Aguiar (1994).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4994309C86FAB5967FF9E5426DAB2ADD.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Michoacan, La Salada.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4994309C86FAB5967FF9E5426DAB2ADD.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Sonora to Guerrero (Mexico).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4994309C86FAB5967FF9E5426DAB2ADD.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4994309C86FAB5967FF9E5426DAB2ADD.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Artibeus. See Webster and Jones (1983) and Marques-Aguiar (1994).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
152E733F8402B23B28E8D421CDCAF1E8.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Honduras, Choluteca, Choluteca, 10 ft. (3 m).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
152E733F8402B23B28E8D421CDCAF1E8.taxon	distribution	Distribution: El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
152E733F8402B23B28E8D421CDCAF1E8.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
152E733F8402B23B28E8D421CDCAF1E8.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Artibeus. Closely related to hirsutus but apparently distinct; see Marques-Aguiar (1994). See Webster and Jones (1983).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
ED76B9033B8161EA71ACCCC3D1767602.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Jamaica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
ED76B9033B8161EA71ACCCC3D1767602.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. jamaicensis Leach 1821 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. aequatorialis K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. fallax Peters 1865 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. grenadensis K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. hercules Rehn 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. parvipes Rehn 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. paulus Davis 1970 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. planirostris Spix 1823 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. richardsoni J. A. Allen 1908 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. schwartzi Jones 1978 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. trinitatis K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. triomylus Handley 1966 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) jamaicensis subsp. yucatanicus J. A. Allen 1904	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
ED76B9033B8161EA71ACCCC3D1767602.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Michoacan, Sinaloa, and Tamaulipas (Mexico) to Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, N Argentina, and E Brazil; Trinidad and Tobago; Greater and Lesser Antilles, S Bahamas. Perhaps Florida Keys; see Lazell and Koopman (1985), but see also Humphrey and Brown (1986).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
ED76B9033B8161EA71ACCCC3D1767602.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as A. jamaicensis and A. planirostris.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
ED76B9033B8161EA71ACCCC3D1767602.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Artibeus. Does not include obscurus (= fuliginosus); see Handley (1989), Brosset and Charles-Dominique (1990), Lim and Wilson (1993), and Simmons and Voss (1998). There is little agreement about whether jamaicensis includes planirostris (supported by Handley [1987, 1991] and Marques-Aguiar [1994]) or if planirostris (including fallax and hercules) represents a distinct species (supported by Koopman [1978 b], Lim and Wilson [1993], and Lim [1997]). Pumo et al. (1996) treated planirostris and jamaicensis as separate species in their analysis of mtDNA sequences, but their data are more consistent with recognition of these as members of a single species. Accordingly, I have retained planirostris in jamaicensis pending further study. Includes fallax, hercules, and praeceps; see Koopman (1968), Handley (1987), and Marques-Aguiar (1994). Subspecies limits and relationships discussed by Jones and Phillips (1970), Jones (1978), Hall (1981), Handley (1987), and Genoways et al. (1998); also see Pumo et al. (1988, 1996), Phillips et al. (1991), Lim (1997), and Timm and Genoways (2003). Reviewed by Ortega and Castro-Arellano (2001), but note that they excluded planirostris, fallax, hercules, aequatorialis, and schwartzi. Ortega and Castro-Arellano (2001) mapped the range of A. j. richardsoni as including most of South America (extensively overlapping the ranges planirostris, fallax, hercules, and aequatorialis), implying that jamaicensis and planirostris (if distinct) are broadly sympatric throughout much of South America. However, this was probably an error because such sympatry has never been proposed in the primary systematic literature (see Lim and Wilson [1993] and Lim [1997]).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
65FEA77EDF770A014A26A10774D4C141.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Jamaica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A202BD563896D6522245DAC6C80FA46A.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Junín, Chauchamayo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A202BD563896D6522245DAC6C80FA46A.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Mexico to Bolivia and S Brazil; Grenada (Lesser Antilles).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A202BD563896D6522245DAC6C80FA46A.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A202BD563896D6522245DAC6C80FA46A.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Dermanura. Does not include gnomus or watsoni; see Handley (1987). Koopman (1994) recognized several subspecies in this complex (which he referred to cinereus), but the boundaries among them are unclear. Caribbean records reviewed by Genoways et al. (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F8FB9C7172914063F80855FF7B8556A5.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Bolívar, 59 km SE El Dorado, El Manaco.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F8FB9C7172914063F80855FF7B8556A5.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Amazonian Brazil, Venezuela, Guianas.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F8FB9C7172914063F80855FF7B8556A5.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not listed (lapsus); IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F8FB9C7172914063F80855FF7B8556A5.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Dermanura. Distinct from cinereus and glaucus; see Handley (1987), Brosset and Charles-Dominique (1990), and Simmons and Voss (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
328E509B71470C5B182196131E36F865.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Panama, Bocas del Toro, Isla Escudo de Veraguas, near West Point, 1 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
328E509B71470C5B182196131E36F865.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Known only from type locality.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
328E509B71470C5B182196131E36F865.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Data Deficient.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
328E509B71470C5B182196131E36F865.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Dermanura. Closely related to watsoni; see Kalko and Handley (1994).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F1AF3C939CD1F0BC8757F3FCBA58E137.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Paraguay, Asunción.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F1AF3C939CD1F0BC8757F3FCBA58E137.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus subsp. lituratus Olfers 1818 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus subsp. koopmani Wilson 1991 Subspecies Artibeus (Artibeus) lituratus subsp. palmarum J. A. Allen 1897	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F1AF3C939CD1F0BC8757F3FCBA58E137.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Michoacan, Sinaloa, and Tamaulipas (Mexico) south to S Brazil, N Argentina, and Bolivia; Trinidad and Tobago; S Lesser Antilles; Trés Marías Isls.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F1AF3C939CD1F0BC8757F3FCBA58E137.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as A. lituratus and A. intermedius.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F1AF3C939CD1F0BC8757F3FCBA58E137.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Artibeus. Includes palmarum but not fallax, hercules, or praeceps (Koopman, 1968, 1978 b), Handley (1987), and Marques-Aguiar (1994). Includes intermedius; see Jones and Carter (1976) and Marques-Aguiar (1994), but see also Davis (1984) and Wilson (1991). It is not appropriate to treat intermedius as a subspecies of lituratus because it supposedly co-occurs with other populations of lituratus (referred to palmarum, which has priority) at several Central American localities (Davis, 1984). Because there are no characters that unambiguously separate palmarum and intermedius (Davis, 1984; Marques-Aguiar, 1994; Rodrigo Medellin, pers. comm.), it seems most likely that intermedius simply represents individuals of palmarum that fall at the lower end of the normal range of size variation. Accordingly, I treat intermedius as a junior synonym of A. lituratus palmarum. Phylogeography discussed by Phillips et al. (1991) and Ditchfield (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0FF557BE07F067AD3EE976926AAF3FA0.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Paraguay, Asunción.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FD56F6DD2C5B5F093CB9B354B3B9CF52.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Bahia, Rio Peruhype, Villa Vicosa.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FD56F6DD2C5B5F093CB9B354B3B9CF52.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FD56F6DD2C5B5F093CB9B354B3B9CF52.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FD56F6DD2C5B5F093CB9B354B3B9CF52.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Artibeus. Distinct from jamaicensis; see Handley (1989), Brosset and Charles-Dominique (1990), Lim and Wilson (1993), Marques-Aguiar (1994), and Simmons and Voss (1998). This species has often been referred to as fuliginosus in the literature, but obscurus is a senior synonym; see Handley (1989).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4ECA7F16D6BA3E865C52059110FFDADA.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Yucatán, Chichén-Itzá.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4ECA7F16D6BA3E865C52059110FFDADA.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. phaeotis Miller 1902 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. nanus K. Andersen 1906 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. palatinus Davis 1970 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) phaeotis subsp. ravus Miller 1902	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4ECA7F16D6BA3E865C52059110FFDADA.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Veracruz, Sinaloa, and Michoacan (Mexico) south to Ecuador and Guyana.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4ECA7F16D6BA3E865C52059110FFDADA.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4ECA7F16D6BA3E865C52059110FFDADA.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Dermanura. Includes nanus and turpis; see Jones and Lawlor (1965) and Davis (1970). For including ravus and other synomyms see Timm (1985) and Handley (1987).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
53317FE697D607C5FB8CE4899C3932CD.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Yucatán, Chichén-Itzá.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AAF812D83BBD41918C04B17426279C3E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Veracruz, Mirador.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AAF812D83BBD41918C04B17426279C3E.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) toltecus subsp. toltecus Saussure 1860 Subspecies Artibeus (Dermanura) toltecus subsp. hesperus Davis 1969	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AAF812D83BBD41918C04B17426279C3E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Panama to Nuevo León and Sinaloa (Mexico).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AAF812D83BBD41918C04B17426279C3E.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AAF812D83BBD41918C04B17426279C3E.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Dermanura. Not a subspecies of cinereus; see Jones and Carter (1976). Revised by Davis (1969). Does not include ravus, see Handley (1987). See Webster and Jones (1982 c).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C2E38EEE1E9CBB3BD985509153A50FB9.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico, Veracruz, Mirador.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D06DF6E56FC74EB4C107EB575E213338.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Panama, Chiriquí, Bogava [Bugaba], 250 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D06DF6E56FC74EB4C107EB575E213338.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Mexico to SW Colombia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D06DF6E56FC74EB4C107EB575E213338.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not listed (lapsus); IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D06DF6E56FC74EB4C107EB575E213338.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Dermanura. Distinct from glaucus; see Handley (1987). See also Kalko and Handley (1994).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
37E0AB661074DA512DB19481FEEAD4DE.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Centurio senex Gray 1842	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
37E0AB661074DA512DB19481FEEAD4DE.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species with 2 subspecies: Species Centurio senex Gray 1842 Subspecies Centurio senex subsp. senex Gray 1842 Subspecies Centurio senex subsp. greenhalli Paradiso 1967	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
37E0AB661074DA512DB19481FEEAD4DE.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Stenodermatina.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7A6113C17E98CED607D784BCD9B242A9.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Nicaragua, Chinandega, Realejo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7A6113C17E98CED607D784BCD9B242A9.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Centurio senex subsp. senex Gray 1842 Subspecies Centurio senex subsp. greenhalli Paradiso 1967	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7A6113C17E98CED607D784BCD9B242A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Venezuela to Tamaulipas and Sinaloa (Mexico); Trinidad and Tobago.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7A6113C17E98CED607D784BCD9B242A9.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7A6113C17E98CED607D784BCD9B242A9.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Reviewed by Paradiso (1967) and Snow et al. (1980). Venezuelan populations have not been allocated to subspecies. See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F562A9EF01ED96BB7BB36EC7A07FE0E2.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Nicaragua, Chinandega, Realejo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A90CECC19436C91F97FB00EF9C937013.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Chiroderma villosum Peters 1860	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A90CECC19436C91F97FB00EF9C937013.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 5 species with 4 subspecies: Species Chiroderma doriae Thomas 1891 Species Chiroderma improvisum Baker and Genoways 1976 Species Chiroderma salvini Dobson 1878 Subspecies Chiroderma salvini subsp. salvini Dobson 1878 Subspecies Chiroderma salvini subsp. scopaeum Handley 1966 Species Chiroderma trinitatum Goodwin 1958 Species Chiroderma villosum Peters 1860 Subspecies Chiroderma villosum subsp. villosum Peters 1860 Subspecies Chiroderma villosum subsp. jesupi J. A. Allen 1900	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A90CECC19436C91F97FB00EF9C937013.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Ectophyllina. Reviewed by Goodwin (1958). See Baker et al. (1994) for a phylogeny of the genus.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
144BD03DBCA050B006E542EB2936C721.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Minas Gerais.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
144BD03DBCA050B006E542EB2936C721.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Minas Gerais and São Paulo (SE Brazil), Paraguay.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
144BD03DBCA050B006E542EB2936C721.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6174D89CFA8097C031B74A83FD77C4A8.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles), Basse Terre, 2 km S and 2 km E Baie-Mahault (France).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6174D89CFA8097C031B74A83FD77C4A8.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guadeloupe and Montserrat (Lesser Antilles).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6174D89CFA8097C031B74A83FD77C4A8.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Endangered.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
6174D89CFA8097C031B74A83FD77C4A8.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Jones and Baker (1980) and Jones (1989).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
13EA4E89E61E5965CF7AA445AE72EBF9.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Costa Rica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
13EA4E89E61E5965CF7AA445AE72EBF9.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Chiroderma salvini subsp. salvini Dobson 1878 Subspecies Chiroderma salvini subsp. scopaeum Handley 1966	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
13EA4E89E61E5965CF7AA445AE72EBF9.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Peru, Bolivia, and Venezuela north to Michoacan, Hidalgo, and Chihuahua (Mexico).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
13EA4E89E61E5965CF7AA445AE72EBF9.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5451F930E25FF3B36CBFE2DCC87CAA99.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Costa Rica.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
085D0452A35543E08C461D1F27FE1DDC.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad, Cumaca, 1,000 ft. (305 m).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
085D0452A35543E08C461D1F27FE1DDC.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Panama south to Amazonian Brazil, Bolivia and Peru; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
085D0452A35543E08C461D1F27FE1DDC.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
085D0452A35543E08C461D1F27FE1DDC.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes gorgasi; see Jones and Carter (1976).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0C01EA96306079F645A884A01EF9DF62.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil; see Carter and Dolan (1978).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0C01EA96306079F645A884A01EF9DF62.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Chiroderma villosum subsp. villosum Peters 1860 Subspecies Chiroderma villosum subsp. jesupi J. A. Allen 1900	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0C01EA96306079F645A884A01EF9DF62.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Hidalgo (Mexico) south to S Brazil, Bolivia and Peru; Trinidad and Tobago.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0C01EA96306079F645A884A01EF9DF62.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
0C01EA96306079F645A884A01EF9DF62.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Handley (1960).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B901255B468485177F3C32522099DBB9.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil; see Carter and Dolan (1978).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B71678ADE18A5207020B862644806A51.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Honduras (= Río Segovia) (McCarthy et al., 1993).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B71678ADE18A5207020B862644806A51.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Honduras to W Panama.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B71678ADE18A5207020B862644806A51.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
B71678ADE18A5207020B862644806A51.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Timm (1982). See Emmons (1997) for distribution map. Koopman (1993) included W Colombia in the range of this species based on Cuervo-Diaz et al. (1986), but that specimen has been reidentified as Vampyressa pusilla.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4919AF76762B75569E6145D49F1EA715.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Ectophylla alba H. Allen 1892	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4919AF76762B75569E6145D49F1EA715.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Ectophylla alba H. Allen 1892	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4919AF76762B75569E6145D49F1EA715.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Ectophyllina. Some authors have treated Mesophylla as a junior synonym; see Goodwin and Greenhall (1962), Simmons and Voss (1998), and Wetterer et al. (2000). However, relationships of these taxa remain unclear (see Owen [1987] and Baker et al. [2000]), so Mesophylla is treated here as a distinct genus pending further study.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
872860283820929E44B51F5E216AC152.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Artibeus hartii Thomas 1892	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
872860283820929E44B51F5E216AC152.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Enchisthenes hartii (Thomas 1892)	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
872860283820929E44B51F5E216AC152.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Ectophyllina. Formerly included in Artibeus (e. g., Goodwin, 1969), but see Jones and Carter (1979), Van Den Bussche et al. (1993 a, 1998), Baker et al. (2000), and Wetterer et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A265FF1613E01A4F278E15D87DEF9BE2.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad, Port of Spain.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A265FF1613E01A4F278E15D87DEF9BE2.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Bolivia and Venezuela north to Michoacan, Jalisco, and Tamaulipas (Mexico); Trinidad. There is an extralimital record from Tucson, Arizona (Irwin and Baker, 1967).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A265FF1613E01A4F278E15D87DEF9BE2.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc) as Artibeus hartii.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
371A3D598AF6CA1B8C72079BCCC159F1.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guyana, Essequibo Dist., Kanuku Mtns.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F3A14616D17B0871F3FE19C0FA8BF252.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guyana, Essequibo Dist., Kanuku Mtns.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F3A14616D17B0871F3FE19C0FA8BF252.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Mesophylla macconnelli subsp. macconnelli Thomas 1901 Subspecies Mesophylla macconnelli subsp. flavescens Goodwin and Greenhall 1962	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F3A14616D17B0871F3FE19C0FA8BF252.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Nicaragua south to Peru, Bolivia, and Amazonian Brazil; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F3A14616D17B0871F3FE19C0FA8BF252.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F3A14616D17B0871F3FE19C0FA8BF252.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Kunz and Pena (1992).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A6C82173752852A673F0D74BFB2E2172.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Mesophylla macconnelli Thomas 1901	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A6C82173752852A673F0D74BFB2E2172.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species with 2 subspecies: Species Mesophylla macconnelli Thomas 1901 Subspecies Mesophylla macconnelli subsp. macconnelli Thomas 1901 Subspecies Mesophylla macconnelli subsp. flavescens Goodwin and Greenhall 1962	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A6C82173752852A673F0D74BFB2E2172.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Ectophyllina. Included in Ectophylla by Goodwin and Greenhall (1962), Simmons and Voss (1998), and Wetterer et al. (2000); included in Vampyressa by Owen (1987). Treated as distinct here pending further study; also see Baker et al. (2000).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4E8D108D242793AB4D6A9EE0C0130B7F.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Cuba, Habana, Guanabacoa.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4E8D108D242793AB4D6A9EE0C0130B7F.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Phyllops falcatus subsp. falcatus Gray 1839 Subspecies Phyllops falcatus subsp. haitiensis J. A. Allen 1908	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4E8D108D242793AB4D6A9EE0C0130B7F.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Cuba; Hispaniola; as fossil, Isle of Pines (Cuba).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4E8D108D242793AB4D6A9EE0C0130B7F.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
4E8D108D242793AB4D6A9EE0C0130B7F.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes haitiensis; see Koopman (1989 c) and Timm and Genoways (2003). Reviewed by Suárez and Díaz-Franco (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8275D6E4EE29C9D2F112FDE1C5582B37.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Cuba, Habana, Guanabacoa.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A989827C5076A240CA7A1ACB7F389CE2.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phyllostoma albomaculatum Gundlach 1861	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A989827C5076A240CA7A1ACB7F389CE2.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species with 2 subspecies: Species Phyllops falcatus (Gray 1839) Subspecies Phyllops falcatus subsp. falcatus Gray 1839 Subspecies Phyllops falcatus subsp. haitiensis J. A. Allen 1908	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A989827C5076A240CA7A1ACB7F389CE2.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Stenodermatina. Included in Stenoderma by Varona (1974), Simpson (1945), and Silva-Taboada (1979); but see Jones and Carter (1976) and Corbet and Hill (1980). Two additional species of Phyllops have been described from cave fossils: Phyllops silvai Suárez and Díaz-Franco, 2003 and Phyllops vetus Anthony, 1917; see review by Suárez and Díaz-Franco (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8F4305CF8E214B2EA3CE0259C1007697.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Bolivar, 85 km SSE El Dorado, 1,000 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8F4305CF8E214B2EA3CE0259C1007697.taxon	distribution	Distribution: S Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam. Specimens previously reported from Colombia appear to have been misidentified.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8F4305CF8E214B2EA3CE0259C1007697.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
8F4305CF8E214B2EA3CE0259C1007697.taxon	discussion	Discussion: May be a synonym of dorsalis; see Jones and Carter (1976).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AF8A610A9089F3C84E7E80FF89D4CC93.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Huanuco, 3 mi. (5 km) S Tingo Maria, 2,400 ft. (732 m).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AF8A610A9089F3C84E7E80FF89D4CC93.taxon	distribution	Distribution: N Brazil; Colombia to Guianas; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AF8A610A9089F3C84E7E80FF89D4CC93.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AF8A610A9089F3C84E7E80FF89D4CC93.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes latus; see Jones and Carter (1976). May not be distinct from helleri; see Alberico (1990), but also see Anderson (1996).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C3A9223DC59F4C220C6D1C6FF091C224.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phyllostoma lineatum E. Geoffroy 1810	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C3A9223DC59F4C220C6D1C6FF091C224.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 10 species with 7 subspecies: Species Platyrrhinus aurarius Handley and Ferris 1972 Species Platyrrhinus brachycephalus Rouk and Carter 1972 Species Platyrrhinus chocoensis Alberico and Velasco 1991 Species Platyrrhinus dorsalis Thomas 1900 Species Platyrrhinus helleri Peters 1866 Subspecies Platyrrhinus helleri subsp. helleri Peters 1866 Subspecies Platyrrhinus helleri subsp. incarum Thomas 1912 Species Platyrrhinus infuscus Peters 1880 Species Platyrrhinus lineatus (E. Geoffroy 1810) Subspecies Platyrrhinus lineatus subsp. lineatus E. Geoffroy 1810 Subspecies Platyrrhinus lineatus subsp. nigellus Gardner and Carter 1972 Species Platyrrhinus recifinus Thomas 1901 Species Platyrrhinus umbratus Lyon 1902 Subspecies Platyrrhinus umbratus subsp. umbratus Lyon 1902 Subspecies Platyrrhinus umbratus subsp. aquilius Handley and Ferris 1972 Subspecies Platyrrhinus umbratus subsp. oratus Thomas 1914 Species Platyrrhinus vittatus Peters 1860	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C3A9223DC59F4C220C6D1C6FF091C224.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Ectophyllina. For a history of the nomeclature of this genus and reasons for using Platyrrhinus in place of Vampyrops, see Gardner and Ferrell (1990) and Alberico and Velasco (1991). A key to the genus was provided by Ferrell and Wilson (1991).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
68DFDE8EEDB9F2D6C44D97524002678A.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Departamento del Chocó, 12 km W Istmina (by road), Quebrada El Platinero, 5 ° 00 ' N, 76 ° 45 ' W, 100 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
68DFDE8EEDB9F2D6C44D97524002678A.taxon	distribution	Distribution: W Colombia, lowlands between the Western Cordillera of the Andes and the Pacific coast.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
68DFDE8EEDB9F2D6C44D97524002678A.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C15E9992E142B653F5E4360F6F456ABD.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Ecuador, Paramba, 1,100 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C15E9992E142B653F5E4360F6F456ABD.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Panama to Peru and Bolivia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C15E9992E142B653F5E4360F6F456ABD.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C15E9992E142B653F5E4360F6F456ABD.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Although the named forms umbratus, oratus, and aquilus were regarded as synonyms of dorsalis by Carter and Rouk (1973), these apparently represent a distinct species for which the oldest name is umbratus; see Handley (1976).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
335FE52134C4FCEE1B53FD7AAE9E4CF3.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
335FE52134C4FCEE1B53FD7AAE9E4CF3.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Platyrrhinus helleri subsp. helleri Peters 1866 Subspecies Platyrrhinus helleri subsp. incarum Thomas 1912	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
335FE52134C4FCEE1B53FD7AAE9E4CF3.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Oaxaca and Veracruz (Mexico) to Peru, Bolivia, and Amazonian Brazil; Trinidad. A Paraguay record is erroneous.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
335FE52134C4FCEE1B53FD7AAE9E4CF3.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
335FE52134C4FCEE1B53FD7AAE9E4CF3.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes zarhinus; see Jones and Carter (1976) and Gardner and Carter (1972). May include brachycephalus, see Alberico (1990). Reviewed by Ferrell and Wilson (1991) and Anderson (1996).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
D4846FAE1533598E6BAE77BD5C355A8A.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Mexico.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7953C8CB9F934A3B5569F8C04D097F91.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Cajamarca, Hualgayoc, Hac. Ninabamba.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7953C8CB9F934A3B5569F8C04D097F91.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia to Peru, Bolivia, and NW Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7953C8CB9F934A3B5569F8C04D097F91.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7953C8CB9F934A3B5569F8C04D097F91.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes intermedius and fumosus; see Gardner and Carter (1972), who also designated a neotype for infuscus.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CD4D7A8B6495CC3619C5724780663947.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Paraguay, Asunción.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CD4D7A8B6495CC3619C5724780663947.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Platyrrhinus lineatus subsp. lineatus E. Geoffroy 1810 Subspecies Platyrrhinus lineatus subsp. nigellus Gardner and Carter 1972	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CD4D7A8B6495CC3619C5724780663947.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia to Peru, Bolivia, Uruguay, N Argentina, and S and E Brazil; French Guyana; Surinam.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CD4D7A8B6495CC3619C5724780663947.taxon	conservation	Conservation: CITES – Appendix III (Uruguay). IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CD4D7A8B6495CC3619C5724780663947.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes nigellus; see Jones and Carter (1979). See Willig and Hollander (1987).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3F5EC253A73B6F55EC2685AC17846B61.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Paraguay, Asunción.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7AD08ABD473986C09F1B899A9979B7A1.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Pernambuco, Recife.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7AD08ABD473986C09F1B899A9979B7A1.taxon	distribution	Distribution: E and SE Brazil. A Guyana record is erroneous, because the specimen was referred to latus (= brachycephalus) by Handley and Ferris (1972).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7AD08ABD473986C09F1B899A9979B7A1.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F1D10B049803B0D22E608F43BDF6663E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Magdalena, San Miguel (Macotama River).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F1D10B049803B0D22E608F43BDF6663E.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Platyrrhinus umbratus subsp. umbratus Lyon 1902 Subspecies Platyrrhinus umbratus subsp. aquilius Handley and Ferris 1972 Subspecies Platyrrhinus umbratus subsp. oratus Thomas 1914	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F1D10B049803B0D22E608F43BDF6663E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Panama, N and W Colombia, N Venezuela.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F1D10B049803B0D22E608F43BDF6663E.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F1D10B049803B0D22E608F43BDF6663E.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Formerly included in dorsalis by Carter and Rouk (1973), but see Handley (1976).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CB01C9F6AD2D19117266FD21B36DD325.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Magdalena, San Miguel (Macotama River).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
43B5F85DF1DF268C28A552D7E2E00F07.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Venezuela, Carabobo, Puerto Cabello.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
43B5F85DF1DF268C28A552D7E2E00F07.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Costa Rica to Venezuela, Peru, and Bolivia.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
43B5F85DF1DF268C28A552D7E2E00F07.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2BBA117F9CE0621A2B88F3E27DD81164.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Ipanema.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2BBA117F9CE0621A2B88F3E27DD81164.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Pygoderma bilabiatum subsp. bilabiatum Wagner 1843 Subspecies Pygoderma bilabiatum subsp. magna Owen and Webster 1983	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2BBA117F9CE0621A2B88F3E27DD81164.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Bolivia, SE Brazil, Paraguay, N Argentina. Reported occurrences in North America and Surinam are erroneous (Jones and Carter, 1976; Voss and Emmons, 1996).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2BBA117F9CE0621A2B88F3E27DD81164.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
2BBA117F9CE0621A2B88F3E27DD81164.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Webster and Owen (1984). See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
01AF53C9C96C2292B0655D39BA311684.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Ipanema.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
31F2247CB33150A923414AE77A7D5B2F.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Stenoderma microdon Peters 1863	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
31F2247CB33150A923414AE77A7D5B2F.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species with 2 subspecies: Species Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner 1843) Subspecies Pygoderma bilabiatum subsp. bilabiatum Wagner 1843 Subspecies Pygoderma bilabiatum subsp. magna Owen and Webster 1983	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
31F2247CB33150A923414AE77A7D5B2F.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Stenodermatina.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FE55A599F31A1483DA60C0D3E8EBD961.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum Peters 1882	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FE55A599F31A1483DA60C0D3E8EBD961.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species: Species Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum Peters 1882	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
FE55A599F31A1483DA60C0D3E8EBD961.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Stenodermatina.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
DF268B0F6840CB7E8B63636CA7AD0680.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Loreto, Pebas.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
DF268B0F6840CB7E8B63636CA7AD0680.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Colombia to Venezuela, Peru, and Bolivia; Amazonian Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
DF268B0F6840CB7E8B63636CA7AD0680.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
DF268B0F6840CB7E8B63636CA7AD0680.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Emmons (1997) for distribution map.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
015F828CF1377700ED60F5815A4C4412.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Stenoderma rufa Desmarest 1820	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
015F828CF1377700ED60F5815A4C4412.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species with 2 subspecies: Species Stenoderma rufum Desmarest 1820 Subspecies Stenoderma rufum subsp. rufum Desmarest 1820 Subspecies Stenoderma rufum subsp. darioi Hall and Tamsitt 1968	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
015F828CF1377700ED60F5815A4C4412.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Stenodermatina. Some authors have included Ardops, Phyllops, and Ariteus in Stenoderma; see Varona (1974) and Simpson (1945), but most recent authors have followed the arrangement presented here; see also Jones and Carter (1976).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
010DA801B69ACB2B700A6FB434BEA7FA.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Not designated in original publication (probably Virgin Isls).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
010DA801B69ACB2B700A6FB434BEA7FA.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Stenoderma rufum subsp. rufum Desmarest 1820 Subspecies Stenoderma rufum subsp. darioi Hall and Tamsitt 1968	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
010DA801B69ACB2B700A6FB434BEA7FA.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Puerto Rico and Virgin Isls (St. John and St. Thomas).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
010DA801B69ACB2B700A6FB434BEA7FA.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
010DA801B69ACB2B700A6FB434BEA7FA.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Genoways and Baker (1972) and Timm and Genoways (2003).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
79E01D2D2BDE1F38C937B28B0CBE3D3E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Not designated in original publication (probably Virgin Isls).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5570D07FEFD307DCE40141A1DDA522DC.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, São Paulo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5570D07FEFD307DCE40141A1DDA522DC.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Uroderma bilobatum subsp. bilobatum Peters 1866 Subspecies Uroderma bilobatum subsp. convexum Lyon 1902 Subspecies Uroderma bilobatum subsp. davisi Baker and McDaniel 1972	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5570D07FEFD307DCE40141A1DDA522DC.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Veracruz and Oaxaca (Mexico) south to Peru, Bolivia, the Guianas, and Brazil; Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5570D07FEFD307DCE40141A1DDA522DC.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5570D07FEFD307DCE40141A1DDA522DC.taxon	discussion	Discussion: See Baker and Clark (1987). There are three chromosomal races that are largely genetically distinct although some hybridization may occur; these may represent distinct species (Hoffman et al., 2003). I have chosen to treat these races as subspecies here pending further study of this complex.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
45293611FEEDAF977482313729099CA4.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, São Paulo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5D33E20AB3F5689003F9AC4D92F73346.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phyllostoma personatum Peters 1865	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5D33E20AB3F5689003F9AC4D92F73346.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 2 species with 3 subspecies: Species Uroderma bilobatum Peters 1866 Subspecies Uroderma bilobatum subsp. bilobatum Peters 1866 Subspecies Uroderma bilobatum subsp. convexum Lyon 1902 Subspecies Uroderma bilobatum subsp. davisi Baker and McDaniel 1972 Species Uroderma magnirostrum Davis 1968	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
5D33E20AB3F5689003F9AC4D92F73346.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Ectophyllina. Revised by Davis (1968).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AD1682473143383DB2BB364574B0D16E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Honduras, Valle, 10 km E San Lorenzo.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AD1682473143383DB2BB364574B0D16E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Michoacan (Mexico) to south Venezuela, Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
AD1682473143383DB2BB364574B0D16E.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
40B6F696686172CD7B1826CC250E79E6.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Guyana, Rupununi, ca. 40 mi. (64 km) E Dadanawa, at Ow-wi-dy-wau (Oshi Wau head, near Marara Waunowa), Kuitaro River.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
40B6F696686172CD7B1826CC250E79E6.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guianas, Amazonian Brazil, SE Colombia, Peru.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
40B6F696686172CD7B1826CC250E79E6.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
40B6F696686172CD7B1826CC250E79E6.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Metavampyressa. Characters of this species have been reported inconsistently in the literature; see Simmons and Voss (1998).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
62037FD9ABD9C8692AF357CCFFE32663.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Colombia, Chocó, Novita (San Juan River).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
62037FD9ABD9C8692AF357CCFFE32663.taxon	distribution	Distribution: W Ecuador to Nicaragua. A record from SE Peru is suspect.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
62037FD9ABD9C8692AF357CCFFE32663.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
62037FD9ABD9C8692AF357CCFFE32663.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Metvampyressa.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
BC4A41B3ED21C5BEA6DD7D6C274980DA.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Puca Tambo, 1,480 m.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
BC4A41B3ED21C5BEA6DD7D6C274980DA.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Peru, S Colombia. A record from French Guiana is apparently erroneous (Charles-Dominique et al., 2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
BC4A41B3ED21C5BEA6DD7D6C274980DA.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
BC4A41B3ED21C5BEA6DD7D6C274980DA.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Vampyressa.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
76AA790A1159C9DA74A0CBD5371B4E0E.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Sapitiba.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
76AA790A1159C9DA74A0CBD5371B4E0E.taxon	distribution	Distribution: SE Brazil, Paraguay, and NE Argentina.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
76AA790A1159C9DA74A0CBD5371B4E0E.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
76AA790A1159C9DA74A0CBD5371B4E0E.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Vampyressa. Does not include thyone, see Lim et al. (2003). Discussed by Jones and Carter (1976) and Lewis and Wilson (1987), but note that they included thyone in this taxon.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F68234E85282FB56A11FE07CF339B8D2.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phyllostoma (Vampyressa) pusillum Wagner 1843	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F744F372161C56020EEAAB3280AD0682.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Peru, Loreto, Santa Cruz (Río Huallaga).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F744F372161C56020EEAAB3280AD0682.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Guianas to Colombia to Peru; N Bolivia; Amazonian Brazil.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F744F372161C56020EEAAB3280AD0682.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
F744F372161C56020EEAAB3280AD0682.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Vampyriscus. Formerly placed in its own genus (Vampyriscus); see Jones and Carter (1976). Reviewed by Lee et al. (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
C6EB52371628408B52515AE7B0452D66.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 6 species: Species Vampyressa (Vampyriscus) bidens (Dobson 1878) Species Vampyressa (Metavampyressa) brocki Peterson 1968 Species Vampyressa (Vampyressa) melissa Thomas 1926 Species Vampyressa (Metavampyressa) nymphaea Thomas 1909 Species Vampyressa (Vampyressa) pusilla (Wagner 1843) Species Vampyressa (Vampyressa) thyone Thomas 1909	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A496066BA35CC038EA18DD2BF0CBFE65.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Phyllostoma pusillum Wagner 1843	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A496066BA35CC038EA18DD2BF0CBFE65.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 6 species in 3 subgenera: Subgenus Vampyressa (Vampyressa) Thomas 1900 Subgenus Vampyressa (Metavampyressa) Peterson 1968 Subgenus Vampyressa (Vampyriscus) Thomas 1900 Species Vampyressa (Vampyriscus) bidens (Dobson 1878) Species Vampyressa (Metavampyressa) brocki Peterson 1968 Species Vampyressa (Vampyressa) melissa Thomas 1926 Species Vampyressa (Metavampyressa) nymphaea Thomas 1909 Species Vampyressa (Vampyressa) pusilla (Wagner 1843) Species Vampyressa (Vampyressa) thyone Thomas 1909	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
A496066BA35CC038EA18DD2BF0CBFE65.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Ectophyllina. Includes Metavampyressa and Vampyriscus, here recognized as subgenera along with Vampyressa; see Jones and Carter (1976). Probably not monophyletic; see Wetterer et al. (2000) and Baker et al. (2000). A key for this genus was presented in Lewis and Wilson (1987). See Lim et al. (2003) for a phylogeny of the genus.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3D2993105B6113F7035B8AF017E82A33.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Ecuador, Bolívar, Chimbo; 1000 ft (305 m).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3D2993105B6113F7035B8AF017E82A33.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Oaxaca and Veracruz (Mexico) to Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela, Guyana, and French Guiana.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3D2993105B6113F7035B8AF017E82A33.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3D2993105B6113F7035B8AF017E82A33.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subgenus Vampyressa. Previously included in pusilla, but clearly distinct; see Lim et al. (2003). Much of the account of V. pusilla provided in Lewis and Wilson (1987) actually applies to thyone.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
1C39DE0E2D36B8CE2BB5357B5580FD24.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
1C39DE0E2D36B8CE2BB5357B5580FD24.taxon	child_taxa	Subspecies:: Subspecies Vampyrodes caraccioli subsp. caraccioli Thomas 1889 Subspecies Vampyrodes caraccioli subsp. major G. M. Allen 1908	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
1C39DE0E2D36B8CE2BB5357B5580FD24.taxon	distribution	Distribution: Oaxaca (Mexico) to Peru, Bolivia, the Guianas, and N Brazil; Trinidad and Tobago.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
1C39DE0E2D36B8CE2BB5357B5580FD24.taxon	conservation	Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
1C39DE0E2D36B8CE2BB5357B5580FD24.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Includes major; see Jones and Carter (1976), but also see Starrett and Casebeer (1968). See Willis et al. (1990). Originally spelled caracciolae but later emended to caraccioli; see discussion in Carter and Dolan (1978).	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
7E7B4853BA65324F1920FEBA8AEAF4A5.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality: Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CB384683B8A7915E37D0EF05A1D38EA5.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species: Vampyrops caracciolae Thomas 1889	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CB384683B8A7915E37D0EF05A1D38EA5.taxon	child_taxa	Species and subspecies: 1 species with 2 subspecies: Species Vampyrodes caraccioli (Thomas 1889) Subspecies Vampyrodes caraccioli subsp. caraccioli Thomas 1889 Subspecies Vampyrodes caraccioli subsp. major G. M. Allen 1908	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
CB384683B8A7915E37D0EF05A1D38EA5.taxon	discussion	Discussion: Subtribe Ectophyllina.	en	Wilson, Don E., Reeder, DeeAnn (2005): Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae. In: Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press: 395-426, ISBN: 0-8018-8221-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
