taxonID	type	description	language	source
F05B87A2E768FF8209A9FF58FE97E9F7.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Genital capsule broad; volsellae curved, with long straight spur at apex; intervolsellar process little defined; parameres curved; dorsal ridge developed; dorsal lamina broad, short, with distinct posterior extension. Comments. This species is similar to T. atopovirilia; both species have a broad genital capsule and marked modifications in the volsellae and parameres. However, T. acacioi does not show an apical constriction of the volsellae, the parameres are arcuate, and the dorsal ridge is long. Type repository. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) collection (not found). Type locality. Jaboticatubas, MG, Brazil. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Hosts. Trichogramma acacioi has been reared from six lepidopteran species from agricultural and forest habitats (Zucchi et al. 2010; Zucchi & Querino 2011). This species is mainly associated with Lepidoptera in forest environments, such as Euselasia sp. (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E768FF8209A9FD60F835EFB0.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Dorsal lamina triangular, tapering gradually from base to apex, without basal constriction; posterior extension of dorsal lamina with pointed apex; intervolsellar process elongated, extending up to half-length of volsellae. Comments. This species differs from T. tupinense Querino & Zucchi, 2003, in having the anterior setae of the scutellum short and thin, and the intervolsellar process elongated. Trichogramma acuminatum presumably belongs to the Arcanum section (John D. Pinto, pers. com.). This section currently includes three North American species, characterized primarily by the appearance of the dorsal lamina, which narrows considerably in the posterior region; the lack of a distinct basal notch; and a relatively short intervolsellar process, less than half the length of the volsellae (Pinto, 1999). Trichogramma acuminatum was collected in an electrical suction trap set in a forest reserve (Querino & Zucchi 2003 a). Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ. Type locality. Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Unknown (forest habitat).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E768FF8209A9FAA0F835EC54.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Scutellum with dark anterior setae, ventral processes swollen and far from each other, dorsal lamina without distinct basal constriction and pointed apex, intervolsellar process short. Comments. The swollen ventral processes located at the base of the intervolsellar process distinguishes T. alloeovirilia from T. acuminatum and T. tupinense. It differs from T. browningi Pinto & Oatman, 1985, another species with swollen ventral processes, in having the dorsal lamina with a constriction and tapering to a narrow apex. Variation was observed in the number of sensilla (1 - 1 - 2 - 0 - 1 - 1). In smaller adults, the size of the structures and consequently the number of basiconic sensilla and setae also decrease. Trichogramma alloeovirilia was collected in an electrical suction trap set in a forest reserve (Querino & Zucchi 2003 a). Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ. Type locality. Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Unknown (forest habitat).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E768FF8509A9F88CFB1AE9C4.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Genital capsule broad; volsellae swollen, with accentuated lateral constriction; tubular ventral processes joined to intervolsellar process, dorsal ridge undeveloped (dorsal view) on midline of genital capsule; dorsal lamina short, with no distinct posterior extension. Comments. This species is similar to T. acacioi, as both species have a similar genital-capsule shape; in T. atopovirilia, the volsellae are strongly constricted apically and have tubular ventral processes. According to Zucchi & Monteiro (1977), T. caiaposi Brun, Moraes & Soares is a junior synonym of T. atopovirilia. Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. (holotype and paratypes). Type locality. Sololá, Guatemala. Distribution in South America. Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. Hosts. This species has been recorded from seven different hosts, mostly lepidopterans of economic importance (Zucchi et al. 2010). It was first reared from parasitized Vanessa sp. eggs (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) on a species of Malvaceae from Guatemala. It was recorded on Helicoverpa zea and Spodoptera frugiperda in corn fields in Brazil (Zucchi & Monteiro 1994). Trichogramma atopovirilia has also been reared on factitious hosts, for biological control of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Morales et al. 2004; Melo et al. 2007; Dias et al. 2010). In Brazil, Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) and Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) have been shown to be the most suitable factitious hosts for mass rearing (Parra et al. 2015).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76FFF8509A9FD7CFB86EF30.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Second funicular segment subquadrate, incomplete anterior vein track present in hindwing, and posterior extension of dorsal lamina triangular. Comments. Trichogramma atropos and T. clotho Pinto, 1999 are the only two species of the subgenus Vanlius recorded in South America. The indistinct microsculpture on the thorax and the subquadrate second funicular segment, which is slightly longer than wide, are the main characters that separate this species from T. clotho. The mesosoma is rugulose in T. clotho. Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. Type locality. Mérida, Venezuela (holotype). Distribution in South America. Brazil and Venezuela. Host. Unknown.	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76FFF8509A9FB20FF13EDC5.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Antenna with relatively long setae; base of dorsal lamina wide and with no notch laterally, dorsal lamina with pointed apex and not reaching volsellar apex; intervolsellar process triangular and moderately developed, not reaching dorsal lamina apex (Basso & Pintureau 2001). Comments. Trichogramma bellaunionense is most similar to T. lasallei Pinto, 1999. According to Basso & Pintureau (2001), in T. bellaunionense the dorsal lamina has a pointed apex and no lateral notch, and in T. lasallei the dorsal lamina has the apex usually obscurely pointed, and two narrow notches at the base. It is very difficult to separate these species morphologically, thus T. bellaunionense was not included in the key. Type repository. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (holotype and paratypes); National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. and Montevideo Faculty of Agronomy (paratypes). Type locality. Bella Unión region, Artigas (northwestern Uruguay). Distribution in South America. Uruguay. Host. Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), on rice (Oryza sativa L.).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76FFF8409A9F97CF9AEEA8F.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Volsellae distinctly lobed laterally, intervolsellar process subtriangular, only about half length of volsellae; dorsal lamina broader at base and narrowing to linguiform posterior extension, this extension concealing most of volsellae. Comments. It is readily separated from T. atopovirilia by its parameres not arcuate and the genital capsule small and oval; and from T. pusillum Querino & Zucchi, 2003, by its volsellae modified, the intervolsellar process subtriangular and about half the length of the volsellae. The record of T. bennetti in Brazil was a compilation error (Querino & Zucchi 2007). In Venezuela, the species was described as T. guariquensis [sic] Velásquez & Terán, which is a junior synonym of T. bennetti according to Velaìsquez & Teìran 2003. Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. (holotype) and Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Indian Station, Bangalore, India (paratypes). Type locality. Trinidad (West Indies). Distribution in South America. Colombia, Guyana, Trinidad & Tobago, Venezuela. Hosts. Hypsipyla ferrealis (Hampson, 1929) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Meliaceae); Anomis sp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Malva sp. (Malvaceae); and on eggs of an undetermined lepidopteran on Spiracantha cornifolia Kunth (Asteraceae) (Velásquez & Terán 1995).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76EFF8409A9FDB9FE6DE8F4.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae short, with apex tapering abruptly; intervolsellar process distinctly pointed. Comments. Trichogramma bertii has the flagelliform setae short, tapering abruptly apically, as in T. exiguum; but it is distinguished from T. exiguum by having the dorsal lamina with a shallow basal notch and the intervolsellar process at the same level as or slightly beyond the dorsal lamina. Trichogramma bertii is also similar to T. pretiosum but differs by the much shorter flagelliform setae and the intervolsellar process with its pointed apex reaching the same level as the apex of the dorsal lamina or extending slightly beyond it. Type repository. ESALQ. Type locality. Altinópolis, SP, Brazil. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Glena sp. and Melanolophia sp. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) (forest habitat).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76EFF8409A9FC76F8D8ED14.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae long; dorsal lamina with distinct basal constriction, extending about two-thirds of length of genital capsule; intervolsellar process short, not extending up base of volsellae. Comments. The following combination of characters separates T. bruni from T. lasallei and T. rojasi: long flagelliform setae, basiconic sensilla in position 4, short anterior setae on scutellum, genital capsule yellowish, and long ventral ridge. According to Velásquez & Téran (2003), T. castrensis Velásquez & Téran is a junior synonym of T. bruni. Type repository. Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) collection (holotype and paratypes); Natural History Museum, London and Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Indian Station, Bangalore (paratypes) (holotype examined). Type locality. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Distribution in South America. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Venezuela. Hosts. Associated with several lepidopteran hosts in agricultural (fruit orchards) and forest habitats (Zucchi et al. 2010). Trichogramma bruni was recently reared from eggs of Heraclides astyalus (Godart, 1819) (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) on Citrus sp. (Rutaceae) (Querino et al. 2017). It is commonly found in areas with more stable plant cover, such as forests and fruit orchards. However, it has been collected in soybean areas in Argentina (Valverde et al. 2009, 2014) and in Brazil (Dudczak et al. 2017).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76EFF8709A9F9CCFF74EB8B.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Second funicular segment elongated, tapering apically; mesosoma with distinct rugulose microsculpture. Comments. This species differs from all congeners in the unjoined funicular and club segments of the male antenna, and the two-segmented maxillary palp (Pinto 1992). Trichogramma clotho and T. atropos are the only species of the subgenus Vanlisus recorded in South America (Querino et al. 2017). The distinctive rugulose microsculpture readily differentiates it from T. atropos, a closely similar species. Only the type material is known. Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. (holotype). Type locality. Puntarenas, Costa Rica. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Hosts. Parrhasius polibetes (Stoll, 1781) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) on Pyrostegia venusta (Ker Gawl.) Miers (Bignoniaceae) and Schefflera vinosa (Cham. & Schltdl.) Frodin & Fiaschi. (Araliaceae) (Querino et al. 2017).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76DFF8709A9FEBDFE58E8DF.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Dorsal lamina with slight basal and heavily sclerotized constriction, originating from the anterior part to middle of genital capsule and slightly exceeding volsellae; intervolsellar processes robust and tubular. Comments. This species is very similar to T. marandobai Brun, Moraes & Soares, 1986, and it is very difficult to separate them morphologically; for distinguishing characters see Velásquez & Terán (2003). Trichogramma colombiense is the only species associated with Erinnyis ello on cassava not recorded in Brazil. There is some confusion in the literature regarding the year of the species description because the original authors have used 1994 (Velásquez & Téran, 2003). However, the correct date is 1995, when the description was formally published in Les Colloques del’INRA. In 1994, the description was published in a MSc thesis (Velásquez, 1994), which is not considered a publication by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature for the purposes of describing a new species. In fact, the name published in 1994 is a nomen nudum. Type repository. Museo de Zoologia, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela. Type locality. Burga, Colombia. Distribution in South America. Colombia, Venezuela (Velásquez & Téran, 1995) and Uruguay (Grille et al. 2009). Hosts. Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize (Zea mays L.) and Erinnyis ello (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76DFF8709A9FC09F88FED0F.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Genital capsule elongate and narrow, dorsal lamina narrow at base, fork-shaped; intervolsellar process narrow and distinct, apex slightly pointed, ventral processes positioned anterior to base of intervolsellar process; flagelliform setae moderately long, gradually tapering at the apex. Comments. Trichogramma demoraesi was erroneously identified in Brazil as a parasitoid of Erinyis ello, a major pest of cassava. Examination of the paratype of T. demoraesi revealed that it was misidentified and actually corresponds to T. marandobai (Vieira et al. 2014). Therefore, T. demoraesi does not parasitize E. ello in Brazil (Vieira et al. 2014), and all records on that host previous 2014 are misidentifications. The most conspicuous character to separate these species is the dorsal lamina, which is narrow at the base and fork-shaped in T. demoraesi, and broader and not fork-shaped in T. marandobai. Trichogramma demoraesi was redescribed by Vieira et al. (2014). Type repository. Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil (UFMG) (holotype not found), Natural History Museum, London and Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Indian Station, Bangalore, India (paratype in NHM examined). Type locality. Felixlândia, MG, Brazil. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Glena bipennaria Guenée, 1858 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) on Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae). Records of T. demoraesi as a parasitoid of Erinnyis ello (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Brazil are errors (see Comments).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76DFF8709A9F939F8BCEC83.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Dorsal lamina distinct, nearly reaching the base of the well-developed intervolsellar process. Comments. Trichogramma diazi is distinguished from other South American species by the shape of the dorsal lamina. Only the type material is known. Type repository. Entomological Collection, Universidad Nacional Experimental Rómulo Gallegos, San Juan de los Morros. estado Guárico, Venezuela (holotype). Type locality. Las Lajas, Guárico, Venezuela. Host. Unknown lepidopteran (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs on Malachra sp. (Malvaceae). Distribution in South America. Venezuela.	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76CFF8609A9FF21FEC5E947.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae short, tapering abruptly at apex; genital capsule small and broad; dorsal lamina short, with narrow posterior extension; intervolsellar process conspicuous. Comments. It is similar to other species associated with the sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis) in Brazil (Zucchi 1988). However, among the South American species, the combination of characters mentioned in the diagnosis is found exclusively in T. dissimilis. Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ. Type locality. Araras, SP, Brazil. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (sugarcane borer).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76CFF8609A9FDF1FEC5EF6B.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae moderately short, with apex tapering abruptly; dorsal lamina with slight basal constriction and concave laterally; intervolsellar process distinct, not extending to apex of volsellae. Comments. Trichogramma distinctum is similar to T. galloi and T. jalmirezi, more closely resembling the former. It differs from T. galloi in having the intervolsellar process not extending to the apex of the volsellae and the dorsal lamina with a wider posterior extension than in T. galloi. The most conspicuous difference separating T. distinctum from T. jalmirezi is the marked constriction in the dorsal lamina of the latter. Trichogramma galloi and T. distinctum also differ biologically, as T. distinctum requires higher temperatures than T. galloi when these parasitoids are reared on factitious hosts under laboratory conditions (Parra et al. 1991). Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ. Type locality. Carpina, PE. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (sugarcane borer).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76CFF8609A9FBDDFF2DED0F.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Genital capsule relatively narrow; volsellae extending only halfway to apex; ventral ridge indistinct; base of dorsal lamina without distinct notching or shoulders; posterior track of the hind wing elongated, approaching wing apex (Pinto 1999). Comments. Among the South American species, the overall shape of the genital capsule of T. erebus resembles that of T. pretiosum, but the latter species can be separated by its more elongate flagelliform setae, less extensive hind wing setations, notched dorsal lamina, and shorter apical distance (Pinto 1999). Trichogramma erebus was collected in undisturbed habitats. Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. (holotype); Natural History Museum, London; Canadian National Collection, Ottawa; University of California, Riverside (paratypes). Type locality. Florida, USA. Distribution in South America. Colombia. Host. Eggs of an undetermined hesperiid (Lepidoptera) on Desmodium sp. (Fabaceae) (Pinto 1999).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E76CFF8909A9F939FE5BEBA7.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae long; basiconic sensilla oval-elongate; scutellum with long blackish anterior setae; genital capsule elongate; dorsal lamina short, with blunt apex at level of intervolsellar process, which is short. Comments. This species is similar to T. bruni, but differs in having elongated basiconic sensilla, scutellum with long anterior setae, and short dorsal lamina extending to the level of the intervolsellar process. Samples of T. esalqueanum were analyzed for the ITS 2 sequence of rDNA (GenBank ID AY 182763.1), and the results showed that it differs from all other previously known species (Almeida & Stouthamer 2015). It was collected in a forest reserve. Type repository. ESALQ (holotype) and University of California, Riverside. Type locality. Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Distribution in South America. Brazil (forest reserve). Hosts. Mechanitis lysimnia (Fabricius, 1793) and Heliconius erato phyllis (Fabricius, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Both butterfly species lay their eggs on Passiflora sp. (Passifloraceae).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E763FF8909A9FE91F81FE9F6.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagellum with short, robust setae, basiconic sensilla prominent and globose, dorsal lamina with broad, rounded shoulders and anteriorly widened ventral ridge. Comments. Trichogramma exiguum is commonly associated with economically important lepidopterans and occurs in agricultural and disturbed habitats. Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. Type locality. Alabama, USA. Distribution in South America. Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. Hosts. Trichogramma exiguum parasitizes 17 lepidopteran species in South America (Zucchi et al. 2010), although no host is known in Brazil.	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E763FF8909A9FD61F997EE27.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Distinguished by small oval genital capsule; dorsal lamina covering volsellae and intervolsellar process. Comments. Trichogramma fasciatum was erroneously identified by several authors (see Pinto et al. 1978, 1983). Therefore, only the records published after these articles by Pinto and colleagues are considered to actually refer to this species. Trichogramma fasciatum showed considerable morphological variation, with intermediate forms (details in Pinto 1999). Based on microscope slide preparations loaned by C. Korytkoviski, deposited in the ESALQ collection, and figures from the article by Ruiz & Korytkoviski (1979), we concluded that the records of T. fasciatum reported by these authors are misidentifications. The specimens discussed by these authors correspond to T. fuentesi. Specimens from Peru identified as T. fasciatum by R. B. Querino belong to T. exiguum (Querino & Zucchi, 2003 b). Therefore, we also consider that T. fasciatum has not been recorded in Peru so far. Similarly, the record of T. fasciatum in Venezuela, as listed in De Santis (1981), requires additional information to be confirmed. However, this species was recorded in Venezuela by Velásquez & Terán (2003). Type repository. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu (lectotype designated by Pinto et al. 1978). Type locality. Orizaba, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Distribution in South America. Ecuador and Venezuela. Hosts. Peridroma saucia (Hübner, 1808) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Agave sisalana Perrine (Agavaceae), and egg of unidentified noctuid (Lepidoptera) on maize (Benzing 1998).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E763FF8909A9FA11FF13ECE7.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae short with apex tapering abruptly; basiconic sensilla globular and absent in position 4; hindwing with posterior row of setae distinct, reaching or exceeding mid-length of middle row and almost reaching apex; intervolsellar process robust, with apex almost at the level of volsellae and ventral carina not exceeding middle of genital capsule. Comments. As mentioned by Querino & Zucchi (2003 b), T. fuentesi was erroneously identified by several authors, who confused it with T. fasciatum (e. g., Nagarkatti & Nagaraja 1971 and Ruiz & Korytkowski 1979). Pinto et al. (1983) clarified the misidentifications and discussed the characters to separate T. fuentesi and T. exiguum, which are based on the genital capsule and the posterior row of setae on the hindwing. Type repository. Zoology Department, University of Havana, Cuba. Type locality. San José de las Lajas, La Habana Province, Cuba. Distribution in South America. Argentina and Peru. Hosts. Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie, 1850), Heliothis virescens (Fabricius, 1777), and Anomis texana Riley, 1885 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Whu & Valdivieso 1999).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E762FF8809A9FF21FEC5E9FE.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae short with apex tapering abruptly; basiconic sensilla sparse; dorsal lamina with narrow posterior extension generally extending beyond apex of volsellae; intervolsellar process long and distinct, almost at same level as apex of the volsellae; ventral ridge short, extending to middle of the genital capsule. Comments. Trichogramma galloi most closely resembles T. distinctum and T. jalmirezi; however, it can be distinguished from these species by the following combination of characters: narrower posterior extension of the dorsal lamina, longer intervolsellar process, extending to the level of volsellae or just beyond. It is also separated from T. distinctum biologically since the thermal requirements are lower than T. distinctum, for both species reared on factitious hosts, under laboratory conditions (Parra et al. 1991). This species is reared massively for biological control of the sugarcane borer (Parra 2014). Type repository. ESALQ. Type locality. Araras, SP. Distribution in South America. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay. Host. Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (sugarcane borer).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E762FF8809A9FD77FEC8EFE1.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Genital capsule broad, ventral processes clearly set far apart, very short intervolsellar process with apex bifid or pointed, posterior extension of dorsal lamina short and apex blunt. Comments. Trichogramma iracildae is separated from all other South American species by the usually bifid intervolsellar process and the ventral processes located far apart (Querino & Zucchi, 2003 b). This feature is also present in T. marthae Goodpasture, 1986 (a North American species), but in T. iracildae the ventral processes are far from each other, the intervolsellar process is usually bifid and the ventral ridge is long. Based on analysis of the ITS 2 rDNA sequences (GenBank ID AY 182760.1), T. iracildae differs from all other known species (Almeida & Stouthamer 2015). Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ (holotype) and University of California, Riverside (paratypes). Type locality. Maceió, AL. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Calpodes ethlius (Stoll, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) on Canna sp. (Cannaceae).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E762FF8809A9FB53FEC5ED86.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae short with apex tapering abruptly, dorsal lamina with conspicuous basal constriction, posterior extension of dorsal lamina extending beyond apex of volsellae, long and conspicuous intervolsellar process, not extending up to volsellae. Comments. Trichogramma jalmirezi most closely resembles T. distinctum and T. galloi. The most conspicuous character to separate T. jalmirezi from the other two species is the larger constriction in the dorsal lamina. Additionally, it differs by the straight sides of the dorsal lamina (concave in T. distinctum), the posterior extension of the dorsal lamina tapering gradually, and the intervolsellar process not extending to the level of the volsellae (extending beyond the volsellae level in T. galloi). Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ. Type locality. Macaé, RJ. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (sugarcane borer).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E762FF8B09A9F8BFFBA7EA1F.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Trichogramma koehleri was described only from females, so there are no reliable characters for recognizing this species. Comments. The identity of T. koehleri is not clear, as the original description was based exclusively on females. Voegele & Pintureau (1982) considered T. koehleri as “ espèce dont le statut est en suspense ”. We therefore consider T. koehleri as species inquirenda. Only the type material is known. Type repository. Not mentioned in the original description. Type locality. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Distribution in South America. Argentina. Hosts. Ecpantheria indecisa Walker and C. venata [sic] (Blanchard, 1927);? Spodoptera frugiperda on sugarcane (Guagliumi 1973).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E761FF8B09A9FEC9F810E8FA.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae long with apex uniformly pointed; scutellum with distinct, dark anterior setae; ventral ridge short, with anterior limit indistinct; ventral processes far from the base of intervolsellar process, which is short. Comments. This species resembles T. bruni and T. rojasi; however, it differs from both in having the ventral processes far from the base of the intervolsellar process and a short ventral ridge. Trichogramma lasallei and T. rojasi were also characterized by molecular techniques (GenBank ID AF 282237.1 and GenBank ID AF 282239.1, respectively) (Ciociola et al. 2001). Trichogramma bellaunionense is similar to T. lasallei morphologically (see Comments on T. bellaunionense). Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. Type locality. Tortola, British Virgin Islands. Distribution in South America. Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. Hosts. Trichogramma lasallei parasitizes several major pests such as Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on soybeans in Brazil, Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on sugarcane in Uruguay, and Diatraea sp. on rice in Venezuela.	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E761FF8B09A9FC6DFEF3ED57.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Forewing with long setae; number of basiconic sensilla reduced; ventral ridge long, exceeding middle of genital capsule; ventral processes present, anterior to base of intervolsellar process. Comments. Trichogramma lopezandinense is distinguished from other South American species mainly by the long setae of the forewing and the reduced number of basiconic sensilla (formula 1 - 0 - 0 - 1 (0) - 1 - 1). This species is similar to T. bruni; however, it can be separated by structures of the wings: in T. lopezandinense, the forewing is narrower and the setae of the forewing fringe are considerably longer than in T. bruni. On the hind wing, the setae of the posterior row are longer in T. lopezandinense than in T. bruni. The structures on the genital capsule of T. lopezandinense are also similar to T. bruni (see Querino & Zucchi 2003 b). Type repository. National Taxonomic Collection “ Luis Ma. Murillo ” (holotype and paratypes), Santafé de Bogotá D. C and Natural History Museum, London (paratypes). Type locality. Chipaque, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Distribution in South America. Colombia (Andes). Hosts. Colias dimera Doubleday, 1847 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) on Trifolium repens (white clover), and Copitarsia consueta (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Solanum tuberosum L. (potato) (Zucchi et al. 2010).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E761FF8A09A9F981FEA3EB8A.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Dorsal lamina with distinct lateral lobes, extending beyond lateral margin of the genital capsule; intervolsellar process distinct and short, with apical constriction. Comments. This species can be readily separated from all other South American species by the dorsal lamina with lateral lobes extending laterally beyond the margin of the genital capsule. Trichogramma manicobai is one of the South American species that parasitize Erinnyis ello exclusively (Vieira et al. 2014). It was redescribed by Querino et al. (2017). Type repository. Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) (not found). Type locality. Felixlândia, MG. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Erinnyis ello (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), a major cassava pest in Brazil.	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E760FF8A09A9FEBDF94FE84B.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Genital capsule long; dorsal lamina tapering from apex to base, not extending beyond apex of volsellae, dorsal lamina with narrow posterior extension and rounded apex at same level as intervolsellar process; intervolsellar process long and stout, ventral carina not extending beyond middle of genital capsule; flagelliform setae relatively short, tapering at apex (Vieira et al. 2014, 2015). Comments. This species is similar to T. demoraesi, from which it differs mostly by the shape of the dorsal lamina. In Brazil, specimens obtained from eggs of Erinnyis ello were misidentified as T. demoraesi, when in fact, those specimens corresponded to T. marandobai (see comments under T. demoraesi). An integrative taxonomic study proved that the variations in the male genitalia of T. marandobai are intraspecific (Vieira et al. 2015). Type repository. Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) (not found) (Vieira et al., 2015). Type locality. Felixlândia, MG. Distribution in South America. Brazil and Peru. Host. Erinnyis ello (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E760FF8A09A9FCFDFAE5EE0B.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae relatively short; posterior extension of dorsal lamina straight laterally and apex round- ed; length of intervolsellar process variable (short, extending to the base of volsellae, or beyond). Comments. It is very similar to other species with a short intervolsellar process, but the oval shape of the genital capsule and the short distance between the volsellae and parameres separate it from the others. It was associated with eucalyptus and was found only in forest environment. According to Zucchi & Monteiro (1977), T. soaresi Nagaraja is a junior synonym of T. maxacalii. Type repository: Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (holotype) and Zoological Station and Biological Control — l’INRA, Antibes (paratypes). Type locality. Region between the right margin of the river Jequitinhonha and the left margin of the river Mucuri, MG. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Euselasia spp. (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) eggs on Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae) (Zucchi & Monteiro, 1994).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E760FF8A09A9FAC7F976ECA1.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Genital capsule narrow and strongly constricted at the level of intervolsellar process. Comments. Trichogramma nerudai can be separated from T. pintoi Voegel, 1982 as follows: in T. nerudai, the sides of the genital capsule narrow abruptly at the level of the intervolsellar process and the parameres are straight toward the apex. In T. pintoi, the sides of the capsule are narrower and the parameres are arcuate. Other species that may be confused with T. nerudai were discussed by Pintureau et al. (1999), and according to J. D. Pinto (pers. com.), it is difficult to morphologically separate T. nerudai from T. principium Sugonjaev & Sorokina, 1976 (Querino & Zucchi 2003 b). Trichogramma nerudai was originally described from Chile (Angol region) and has been recorded only in that country. It was introduced into Argentina from Chile, where it was collected from Rhyacionia buoliana (European pine shoot moth) to control this introduced pest in Argentina (Botto et al. 2004). Type repository. Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (holotype); Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago de Chile and Pintureau’s collection (paratypes). Type locality. Angus, Chile. Distribution in South America. Argentina and Chile. Hosts. Rhyacionia buoliana (Denis and Schiffermuller, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on Pinus radiata (Pintureau et al. 1999). Trichogramma nerudai was also reared from eggs of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) in Chile.	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E767FF8D09A9FF21FE3EE963.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Dorsal lamina deeply emarginate; medial position of parameres approximate one another along midline of the genital capsule; volsellae highly modified, exceeding parameres posteriorly. Comments. This species is found mostly in wooded areas. The host record in an agricultural habitat is an exception (Pinto 1999). Trichogramma nomlaki was described from a single male; subsequently, two male and one female were collected in North Carolina (Pinto et al. 1986), and an additional specimen from Chile (unknown host) was found out at University of California collection, Riverside (Zucchi & Monteiro 1977). Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. Type locality. Glenn Co., Stony Creek, 5 m. N. Elk Creek, California, USA. Distribution in South America. Chile. Host. Eggs of an undetermined hemerobiid (Neuroptera) on corn (Pinto 1999).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E767FF8D09A9FDD5F8A2EF6B.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Dorsal lamina originating posterior to middle of genital capsule, not notched or lobed at base, narrowing from base to form broad linguiform posterior extension that obscures most of volsellae in dorsal view; volsellae asymmetrical, median margin bowed, abruptly narrowed at apical half; intervolsellar process short, narrowly subtriangular (Pinto 1999). Comments. This species belongs to the Drepanophorum section, based on the structure of the volsellae, the general shape of the dorsal lamina, and the presumed presence of a dorsal ridge (Pinto 1999). Type repository. Canadian National Collection, Ottawa. Type locality. Quintana Roo, Mexico. Distribution in South America. Venezuela. Host. Dione juno juno (Cramer, 1779) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) on passion flower (golden passion fruit), Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa (Passifloraceae).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E767FF8D09A9FBDDF835ED57.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Unsocketed setae and basiconic sensilla prominent and globose; dorsal lamina slightly notched at base; posterior extension long, exceeding level of volsellae; intervolsellar process long and pointed or slightly rounded. Comments. Trichogramma parrai might be confused with T. nemesis and T. stampae, but it is distinguished from them by the more elongate posterior extension and weakly lobed dorsal lamina with shoulders not approaching the sides of the genital capsule. It was collected in an electrical suction trap set in a forest reserve (Querino & Zucchi 2003 a). Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ (holotype) and University of California, Riverside. Type locality. Piracicaba, SP. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Unknown (forest habitat).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E767FF8D09A9F981FEF6ECE7.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Genital capsule with sides typically gradually convergent posteriorly, not constricted at level of intervolsellar process, which is short; ventral process positioned anterior to base of intervolsellar process; ventral processes relatively distant from each other. Comments. Trichogramma piracicabense differs from all other South American species by the funnel-shaped dorsal lamina with a narrow posterior extension. Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ. Type locality. Piracicaba, SP. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Heraclides astyalus (Godart, 1819) (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) on Citrus sp. (Rutaceae).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E766FF8C09A9FF21FB86E93E.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Dorsal lamina long, with posterior extension narrow, reaching level of volsellae or beyond; ventral ridge extending beyond middle of genital capsule; ventral processes broadly separated from each other and near base of short intervolsellar process. Comments. Trichogramma pratissolii is similar to T. bertii but differs by the long flagelliform setae and the ventral processes broadly separated from each other. It resembles T. bruni, from which it is separated by the narrower posterior extension of the dorsal lamina and the short intervolsellar process. Trichogramma pratissolii was collected in egg traps of Anagasta kueniella (factitious host) hung on an avocado tree (Querino & Zucchi, 2003 b). Type repository. ESALQ (holotype) and University of California, Riverside. Type locality. Conceição do Castelo, ES. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Unknown.	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E766FF8C09A9FD29FE6BEE53.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae elongate and slender, gradually tapering to apex; dorsal lamina extending to level of volsellar apex; ventral ridge short, not reaching middle of genital capsule; ventral processes near base of intervolsellar process, which is pointed and long, not extending to apex of volsellae. Comments. Trichogramma pretiosum is the most widespread species in the Americas and one of the most commonly collected in agricultural and disturbed habitats. It is probably a complex of cryptic species throughout its geographical range (Pinto 1999). Specimens collected in Brazil have shown variations in the length of the flagelliform setae and in the dorsal lamina (slight basal constriction, or absent). Subtle differences in the shape of the male genital capsule of T. pretiosum, reared on 10 species of lepidopterans, were detected by means of geometric morphometric analyses (Querino et al. 2002). Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. (neotype designated by Pinto et al., 1978). Type locality. Selma, Alabama, USA. Distribution in South America. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. Hosts. Trichogramma pretiosum parasitizes eggs of dozens of lepidopteran species, mostly of agricultural importance, as well as eggs of Chrysoperla sp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) (Zucchi et al. 2010) and of Heraclides astyalus (Godart, 1819) (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) on Citrus sp. (Querino et al. 2017).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E766FF8C09A9FA85F835EC5B.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Genital capsule small; dorsal lamina with broad posterior extension; intervolsellar process extremely minute. Comments. Trichogramma pusillum resembles T. bennetti, a Colombian species, but it differs by the short intervolsellar process, shorter flagelliform setae, unmodified volsellae, narrower genital capsule, and short ventral ridge with an indistinct anterior extremity. The most conspicuous character to distinguish them are the volsellae, which are distinctly lobate in T. bennetti. Trichogramma pusillum was collected in an electrical suction trap set in a forest reserve (Querino & Zucchi 2003 a). Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ (holotype) and University of California, Riverside. Type locality. Piracicaba, SP. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Unknown (forest habitat).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E766FF8F09A9F88DFF73E963.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Hind wings with 12 to 15 setae in setae row, extending to apex; genital capsule dark; posterior extension of dorsal lamina tapering to pointed apex; ventral ridge short, extending nearly to middle of genital capsule; ventral processes very close to base of intervolsellar process. Comments. Trichogramma rojasi can be confused with T. lasallei. However, these species can be separated by the following characters: posterior row of setae of the hind wing reaches the apex of the wing in T. rojasi (and does not in T. lasallei); the ventral ridge is more evident and can reach the middle of the genital capsule in T. rojasi (the ventral ridge is smaller and the anterior limit is not clear in T. lasallei); the ventral processes are very close at the base of the intervolsellar process in T. rojasi (these processes are very far from each other in T. lasallei). Both species were characterized by molecular techniques (T. lasallei GenBank ID AF 282237.1 / AY 182762; T. rojasi ID GenBank AF 282239.1) (Ciociola et al. 2001). Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C., Natural History Museum, London and Institute of Agricultural Research, La Cruz. Type locality. La Cruz, Chile. Distribution in South America. Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Peru. Host. Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Glycine max (L.) Merr. (soybean).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E765FF8F09A9FDD5FF19E897.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagellum relatively short; the degree of fusion of funicular segments with one another and with claval segments is less than in most Trichogramma species (Pinto 1999). Comments. Females of T. stampae are unique among Trichogramma species in having 8 placoid sensilla on the clava, in contrast to 5 in other species (Pinto 1999). Type repository. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. Type locality. Front Royal, Warren Co, Virginia, USA. Distribution in South America. Colombia. Host. Chlosyne lacinia (Geyer, 1837) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) on Helianthus sp. (Asteraceae).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E765FF8F09A9FC41FF91EE9F.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagelliform setae long; dorsal lamina triangular with no basal constriction and not reaching intervolsellar process; intervolsellar process weakly developed, but evident. Comments. Velaìsquez & Teìran (2003) included T. terani in the Drepanophorum section. Although considerable heterogeneity occurs in the section, most species have a uniformly broad genital capsule, narrowing apically and often with strongly curved volsellae (as in the atopovirilia-bennetti clade), as mentioned by Pinto (1999). Therefore, T. terani probably does not belong to the Drepanophorum section. Only the type material is known. Type repository. Entomological Collection, Universidad Nacional Experimental Rómulo Gallegos, San Juan de los Morros. estado Guárico. Type locality. Las Lajas, Guárico, Venezuela. Distribution in South America. Venezuela. Hosts. Eggs of an undetermined noctuid (Lepidoptera) on Sida spp. (Malvaceae) (Velaìsquez & Teìran 2003).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E765FF8F09A9FA49F835ECE7.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Scutellum with long anterior setae; ventral process distinct, very close to base of intervolsellar process; dorsal lamina without basal constriction; intervolsellar process relatively short, extending to base of volsellae. Comments. Trichogramma tupiense is similar to T. bruni, from which it is distinguished by a more elongate intervolsellar process, ventral processes more distinct and positioned at the base of the intervolsellar process, and the ventral ridge shorter and less distinct. In T. bruni, the ventral processes are in a more anterior position, the ventral ridge is longer and extends beyond the middle of the genital capsule, and the anterior setae of the scutellum are much shorter. Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ (holotype) and University of California, Riverside. Type locality. Piracicaba, SP. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Unknown (forest habitat).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E764FF8E09A9FF21FF24EAAB.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Flagellum relatively short, with unsocketed setae in all four regions; flagelliform setae very short; intervolsellar process short; ventral process positioned at base of intervolsellar process. Comments. These features separate this species from other species of Trichogramma. In South America, T. valmiri is the unique species with short flagellum and unsocketed setae. Only the type material is known. Type repository. ESALQ Type locality. Jundiaí, SP. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Urbanus esta Evans, 1952 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) on Desmodium uncinatum (Fabaceae).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
F05B87A2E764FF8E09A9FD9DFEE7E8FB.taxon	materials_examined	Diagnosis. Several setae with indistinct bases in first sections of flagellum; anterior setae of scutellum relatively long and dark; dorsal lamina long and linguiform, extending to volsellae; intervolsellar process relatively short. Comments. Trichogramma zucchii can be readily distinguished from other Neotropical species by the dorsal lamina with a tongue-shaped posterior extension, extending beyond the volsellae; and by several unsocketed setae on the first sections of the flagellum. Type repository: ESALQ (holotype) and University of California, Riverside. Type locality: Piracicaba, SP. Distribution in South America. Brazil. Host. Melanolophia sp. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), in a forest reserve (Querino et al. 2017).	en	Querino, Ranyse B., Zucchi, Roberto A. (2019): Annotated checklist and illustrated key to the species of Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from South America. Zootaxa 4656 (2): 201-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.1
