identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
F0251E712260D304FC59F91EF3ED39CB.text	F0251E712260D304FC59F91EF3ED39CB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxneriaria immersa H. S. Asghar, R. Zulfiqar & Khalid 2023	<div><p>Oxneriaria immersa H.S.Asghar, R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 2)</p><p>Characterized by distinctly elongating/spreading marginal areoles, absence of prothallus, poriform-aspicilioid apothecial discs, larger ascospores (20-25 ×10-15 µm) and the presence of norstictic acid.</p><p>HOLOTYPE. — Pakistan. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Kohistan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.61667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.583332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.61667/lat 35.583332)">Dassu</a>, on calcareous rocks, 841 m a.s.l., 35°35’N, 73°37’E, 12.VII.2020, K. Habib &amp; A.N. Khalid, KH-63 (holo-, LAH [LAH37898]; GenBank[OQ249532]).</p><p>PARATYPE. — Pakistan. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Swat, Miandam, on calcareous rocks, 1800 m a.s.l., 35°41’N, 72°48’E, 15.IX.2021, M. Usman, RG-15-A (para-, LAH [LAH 37911]; GenBank[OQ 152021]).</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet ‘immersa’ (Latin) refers to the immersed apothecial discs.</p><p>CHEMISTRY. — K+ (yellow turning red), C–, KC–. TLC: norstictic acid.</p><p>HABITAT AND ECOLOGY. — The holotype (LAH37898) was found on calcareous rocks in a dry, temperate area, in an open situation, exposed to sun and rain. The temperature typically varies from –8 to 28°C and the annual rainfall varies between 700 and 800 mm. The topography of the area has extreme variations in elevation. The type specimen was found at an elevation of 841 m a.s.l. whereas the paratype (LAH37911) was found at an elevation of 1800 m a.s.l., in thick hilly forests of Miandam, Swat Valley, with mean maximum and minimum temperature of 30°C and –2°C, respectively.</p><p>MYCOBANK. — MB849311.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Thallus crustose-areolate, well-defined, up to 4 cm across, pruinose, 200-400 µm thick in section. Areoles: rounded to irregular, plane to convex, 0.3-1 mm in diameter, marginally elongated/spreading giving a lobate view, up to 1.5 mm long.</p><p>Prothallus: absent. Color: dark grey when dry, greenish grey when wet. Upper cortex: dark brown, 10-15 µm thick, cells rounded, 5-9 µm in diameter. Algal layer: 40-70 µm thick, photobiont chlorococcoid, 9-12 µm in diameter. Medulla: 200-250 µm thick, white, hyphae hyaline, 3-4 µm wide. Apothecia: poriform-aspicilioid, 1-3 per areole. Disc: black, smooth, shiny, epruinose, plane to concave, 0.1-0.7 mm in diameter. Margins: indistinct. Epihymenium:brown, 10-15 µm tall. Hymenium: hyaline, 90-100 µm tall. Hypothecium: hyaline, 50-70 µm tall. Asci: hyaline, clavate, 90-130×15-20 µm. Ascospores:hyaline, subglobose to ellipsoid, 20-25 ×10-15 µm.</p><p>NOTES</p><p>Morphologically Oxneriaria immersa H.S.Asghar, R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov. resembles O. virginea (Hue) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös but differs in having poriform-aspicilioid apothecial discs (vs poriform or slightly protruding), larger ascospores 20-25×10-15 µm (vs smaller, 14-22 ×9-12 µm) and a different chemistry, i.e., the presence of norstictic acid (vs no substance detected or once only with stictic acid) (Nordin et al. 2011; Halıcı et al. 2018).</p><p>Oxneriaria immersa H.S.Asghar, R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov. is also morphologically close to O. kohistaniensis but differs in having a crustose-areolate thallus (vs verrucoseareolate), elongating/radiating marginal areoles (vs non radiating), a smaller hymenium 90-100 µm (vs 100-150 µm), sub-moniliform (vs simple) paraphyses and larger ascospores 20-25 ×10-15 µm (vs smaller, 15-20×9-12µm) (Zulfiqar et al. 2023). From Oxneriaria permutata (Zahlbr.) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös the new taxon differs in having an absence of prothallus (vs presence), a slightly taller hypothecium 50-70 µm (vs 40-50 µm), larger ascospores 20-25 ×10-15 µm (vs smaller, 15-22× 9-12 µm), large conidia 15-35 µm (vs 16-18 µm) and a different chemistry, presence of norstictic acid (vs no substance detected) (Nimis 2016).</p><p>Another, phylogenetically, related taxon is Oxneriaria iqbalii, which has similar thallus coloration and nearly identical size of the ascospores but the new taxon differs in having elongating/radiating marginal areoles (vs non radiating), a smaller hymenium 90-100µm (vs 130-160µm) and the presence of norstictic acid (vs no substance detected) (Zulfiqar et al. 2023). See also Appendix 1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0251E712260D304FC59F91EF3ED39CB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zulfiqar, Rizwana;Asghar, Hafiza Simab;Khalid, Abdul Nasir	Zulfiqar, Rizwana, Asghar, Hafiza Simab, Khalid, Abdul Nasir (2023): New species of genus Oxneriaria S. Y. Kondr. & Lőkös (lichenized Ascomycota, Megasporaceae) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Cryptogamie, Mycologie 44 (8): 109-116, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a8, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/mycologie2023v44a8.pdf
F0251E712265D309FEFBFA54F5BA3A28.text	F0251E712265D309FEFBFA54F5BA3A28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxneriaria insignis R. Zulfiqar & Khalid 2023	<div><p>Oxneriaria insignis R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 3)</p><p>Characterized by distinctly lecanorine apothecial discs, taller hymenium and hypothecium (190-230, 100-160 µm) respectively and smaller ascospores (15-21 × 9-13 µm).</p><p>HOLOTYPE. — Pakistan. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Kohistan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.61667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.583332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.61667/lat 35.583332)">Dassu</a>, on calcareous rocks, 841 m a.s.l., 35°35’N, 73°37’E, 12.VII.2020, K. Habib &amp; A.N. Khalid, KH-72 (holo-, LAH [LAH37900]; GenBank[OQ249530]).</p><p>PARATYPE. — Pakistan. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kohistan, Razika Seo Valley, on calcareous rocks, 1067 m a.s.l., 35°26’N, 73°27’E, 9.IX.2020, K. Habib &amp; A.N. Khalid, KH-70 (para-, LAH [LAH 37899]; GenBank[OQ 249531]).</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet ‘insignis’ (Latin) refers to the distinct lecanorine apothecial discs.</p><p>CHEMISTRY. — Thallus, K+ (yellowish green), C–, KC–; Medulla, K+ (yellow), C–, KC–. TLC: cryptostictic acid.</p><p>HABITAT AND ECOLOGY. — The holotype (LAH37900) was found on calcareous rocks, in a dry, temperate area, in an open situation exposed to sun and rain. The temperature typically varies from –8 to 28°C with an annual rainfall varying between 700 and 800 mm. The topography of the area has extreme variations in elevation. This species was found at an elevation of 841 m a.s.l. The paratype (LAH37899) was found at an elevation of 1067 m a.s.l, having the same habitat as the holotype.</p><p>MYCOBANK. — MB849310.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Thallus crustose-areolate, up to 3 cm across, dull, section in thallus 250-350 µm thick. Areoles: rounded to irregular, plane to convex, 0.3-0.8 mm in diameter, more or less distinctly elongated at the margins, up to 1 mm long, 0.5 mm wide. Color: whitish grey with brownish tinge when dry, greenish grey when wet. Upper cortex: paraplectenchymatous, 10-15µm thick, cells rounded, 7-9 µm in diameter. Algal layer:70-90 µm thick, continuous, even, photobiont chlorococcoid, 6-9 µm in diameter. Medulla: 150-250 µm thick, white, hyphae hyaline, 3-4 µm wide. Apothecia:lecanorine, confluent, usually one per areole. Disc: black, plane to weakly concave, pruinose, 0.5-1 mm in diameter. Margins:thick, persistent, concolorous with thallus. Epihymenium: brown, 10-15 µm tall. Hymenium: hyaline, 190-230 µm tall. Hypothecium: hyaline, 100-160 µm tall. Thalline exciple: 80-100 µm thick. Proper exciple: indistinct. Asci: 8-spored, hyaline, clavate, 85-115×30-40 µm.Ascospores: broadly ellipsoid to ovoid, hyaline, 15-21 ×9-13 µm.</p><p>NOTES</p><p>From the phylogenetically related Oxneriaria immersa H.S.Asghar, R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov., O. insignis R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov. differs in having lecanorine apothecial discs (vs poriform-aspicilioid), a taller hymenium and hypothecium 190- 230 µm, 100-160 µm (vs 90-100 µm, 50-70 µm), respectively, simple paraphyses (vs sub-moniliform) and smaller ascospores 15-21 ×9-13 µm (vs 20-25×10-15 µm) (Appendix 1). Phylogenetically, O. insignis R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov. also makes a distinct branch from O. immersa H.S.Asghar, R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov., further reveals its novelty (Fig. 1).</p><p>Oxneriaria insignis R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov. also resembles O. supertegens (Arnold) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös but the new taxon differs in having distinctly lecanorine apothecial discs (vs lecanorine-aspicilioid), absence of prothallus (vs presence), a taller hymenium 190-230 µm (vs 115-140 µm), simple paraphyses (vs sub-moniliform), smaller ascospores 15-21×9-13 µm (vs 15-25× 10-16 µm) and a different chemistry, cryptostictic acid (vs aspicilin) (Nimis 2016).</p><p>From Oxneriaria iqbalii, the new taxon differs in having elongating/radiating marginal areoles (vs non radiating), lecanorine apothecial discs (vs aspicilioid), a taller hymenium and hypothecium 190-230 µm, 100-160 µm (vs 130-160 µm, 40-50 µm), respectively, smaller ascospores 15-21 ×9-13 µm (vs 20-26 ×10-14 µm) and a different chemistry, cryptostictic acid (vs no substance detected) (Zulfiqar et al. 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0251E712265D309FEFBFA54F5BA3A28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zulfiqar, Rizwana;Asghar, Hafiza Simab;Khalid, Abdul Nasir	Zulfiqar, Rizwana, Asghar, Hafiza Simab, Khalid, Abdul Nasir (2023): New species of genus Oxneriaria S. Y. Kondr. & Lőkös (lichenized Ascomycota, Megasporaceae) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Cryptogamie, Mycologie 44 (8): 109-116, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a8, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/mycologie2023v44a8.pdf
F0251E712264D306FE60FF1FF219390E.text	F0251E712264D306FE60FF1FF219390E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxneriaria S. Y. KONDR. & LOKOS	<div><p>KEY TO WORLDWIDE GENUS OXneRiaRia S.Y. KONDR. &amp; LŐKÖS</p><p>1. Thallus zonate ............................................................................................................................................. 2</p><p>— Thallus rimose-areolate/verrucose ................................................................................................................ 3</p><p>2. Thallus whitish grey to grey with brownish tinge, prothallus present, hymenium length unknown, ascospores 13.6-[17.1]-22.6 × 7.9-[9.6]-12.4 µm ....................................... O. rivulicola (H.Magn.) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös</p><p>3. Apothecia lecanorine, marginally elongated areoles ..................................................................................... 4</p><p>— Apothecia poriform/aspicilioid, marginally non-elongated areoles ............................................................... 5</p><p>4. Thallus whitish grey with brownish tinge, prothallus absent, hymenium 190-230 µm tall, ascospores 15-21 × 9-13 µm .............................................................................. O. insignis R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov.</p><p>— Thallus whitish, prothallus present, hymenium 90-100 µm tall, ascospores 14-17 × 9-13 µm ......................... ................................................................................................... O. hayrenii (H.Magn.) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös</p><p>5. Apothecia smaller ........................................................................................................................................ 6</p><p>— Apothecia larger ........................................................................................................................................ 15</p><p>6. Secondary metabolites absent ...................................................................................................................... 7</p><p>— Secondary metabolites present ..................................................................................................................... 8</p><p>7. Thallus whitish grey to grey, prothallus absent, hymenium 130-160 µm tall, ascospores 20-26 × 10-14 µm .... .................................................................................... O. iqbalii R.Zulfiqar, H.S.Asghar, K.Habib &amp; Khalid</p><p>— Thallus grey-white to pale blue-grey, prothallus present, hymenium 100-115 µm tall, ascospores 15-22 × 9-12 µm ......................................................................... O. permutata (Zahlbr.) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös</p><p>8. Conidia absent ............................................................................................................................................ 9</p><p>— Conidia present ......................................................................................................................................... 10</p><p>9. Thallus whitish, prothallus indistinct/absent, hymenium length unknown, ascospores 14.7-[17.9]-21.5 × 9.0- [11.1]-12.4 µm .................................................................................. O. virginea (Hue) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös</p><p>10. Conidia shorter ......................................................................................................................................... 11</p><p>— Conodia larger .......................................................................................................................................... 14</p><p>11. Paraphyses simple ...................................................................................................................................... 12</p><p>— Paraphyses submoniliform ......................................................................................................................... 13</p><p>12. Thallus off-white to whitish grey or pale-grey, prothallus absent, hymenium 100-150 µm tall, ascospores 15-20 × 9-12 µm ................................................................... O. kohistaniensis R.Zulfiqar, K.Habib &amp; Khalid</p><p>13. Thallus whitish grey, grey to blue-grey, prothallus present, hymenium 70-80 µm tall, ascospores 12-17 × 7.5-9 µm ...................................................................... O. verruculosa (Kremp.) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös</p><p>— Thallus brown to dark greenish-grey, prothallus present, hymenium height, ascospores 13.6-[15.7]-19.2 × 7.9- [8.9]-11.9 µm ...................................................................... O. dendroplaca (H.Magn.) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös</p><p>14. Thallus dark grey to greenish grey, prothallus absent, hymenium 90-100 µm tall, ascospores 20-25 × 10-15 µm ....................................................... O. immersa H.S.Asghar, R.Zulfiqar &amp; Khalid, sp. nov.</p><p>15. Soralia present ........................................................................................................................................... 16</p><p>— Soralia absent ............................................................................................................................................ 17</p><p>16. Thallus pale to dark grey or brownish grey, prothallus present, unknown hymenium height, ascospores 13.6- [15.4]-18.1 × 9.0-[9.8]-11.3 µm ............................................ O. mashiginensis (Zahlbr.) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös</p><p>17. Thallus whitish grey to grey, prothallus absent, hymenium 100-155 µm tall, ascospores 10-18 × 7-10 µm ...... .................................................................................... O. pakistanica M.S.Iqbal, Usman, K.Habib &amp; Khalid</p><p>— Thallus whitish, pale grey or grey-brown, prothallus present, hymenium 115-140 µm tall, ascospores 15-25 × 10-16 µm ....................................................................... O. supertegens (Arnold) S.Y.Kondr. &amp; Lőkös</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0251E712264D306FE60FF1FF219390E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zulfiqar, Rizwana;Asghar, Hafiza Simab;Khalid, Abdul Nasir	Zulfiqar, Rizwana, Asghar, Hafiza Simab, Khalid, Abdul Nasir (2023): New species of genus Oxneriaria S. Y. Kondr. & Lőkös (lichenized Ascomycota, Megasporaceae) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Cryptogamie, Mycologie 44 (8): 109-116, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a8, URL: https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/mycologie2023v44a8.pdf
