taxonID	type	description	language	source
F74687B505734C35FF55FB87CD6DA265.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material Type specimens Neotype (here designated): “ Kijow D-r Lgocki ” / “ sericatus ” [Jeannel’s handwriting] / “ Coll. Dr Lgocki ” / Pt. sericatus s. str. det. M. Schilthuizen 2015 ” / “ NEOTYPE Ptomaphagus sericatus Chaudoir M. Schilthuizen et al. des. 2020 ” 1 male in MNHN. The holotype, which should be in Chaudoir’s collection in MNHN, has not been found and is presumed lost. We have chosen the specimen above as neotype since it comes fom the type locality as mentioned in the original publication of Chaudoir (Chaudoir, 1845): Kiev in Ukraine. Holotype of P. dacicus: “ Transylvanie Cluj ” / “ J. Roth 2. viii. 25 ” / “ TYPE ” [red label] / “ MUSÉUM PARIS Coll. R. Jeannel 1931 ” 1 male in MNHN. Holotype of P. pyrenaeus: “ Grotte d’Istaurdie ” / “ TYPE ” [red label] / “ MUSÉUM PARIS Coll. R. JEANNEL 1931 ” 1 male holotype in MHNH. Other examined specimens Austria. Mödling, 1891, leg. Schuster, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141148). Bulgaria. Sliven Kežbonar, 17. vi 1908, leg. Rambousek, 1 male in MNHN. Sofia, viii. 1908, leg. Rambousek, 1 male in MNHN. Croatia. Pakrac, leg. Apfelbeck, 3 males in HNHM. Czechia. Moravia, coll. F. Speiser, 2 males in HNHM. Mähren, Friedland, leg. A. Starhon, 2 males in HNHM. France. Languedoc-Rousillon, Aude, Les Arnoulats, 470 m, 1. ix. 2013, leg. W. van Oostenbrugge & S. Visser, 3 males, 5 females in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 63355 - 63362). Pyrenees, Soula, 42.93573 N, 1.6662 E, 600 m, 1. ix. 2013; leg. W. v. Oostenbrugge & S. Visser, 1 male, 2 females in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 63369 - 63371). Grotte d’Istaurdie Bass. Pyr., leg. Jeannel 1931, 1 male in MNHN. Ahusquy B. Pyr., 29. vi. 41, 1 male in MSNV. Grotte de Béhérobie, ix. 1913, leg. Jeannel, 2 females in MNHN. Entrée grotte d’Istaurdie, ix. 1913, leg. Jeannel, 1 male in MNHN. Germany. Halle, Sennewitz SeM, poplar plantation, 22. v. 1986, leg. Fritzlar, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 634235). München, leg. P. Meier, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141331). Hungary. Zala m. Nagyrécse, legelöerdö (déli rész), korhadt fából rostálva, 6. x. 2005, leg. O. Merkl & A. Grabant, 1 male in HNHM. Györ m., Feketeerdö, rostálás, 17. x. 1989, leg. O. Merkl, 1 male in HNHM. Pilis-hgys. Lukács-árok, 8. vii. 1983, leg. I. Loksa, 1 male in HNHM. Borsod m., Jósvafö, Nagy-oldal, 450 m, korhadt tölgyböl, 21. iv. 1992, leg. L. Ádám, 1 male in HNHM. Györ – Sopron m. Feketeerdö, Felsö-Erdö, talajcsapda 29. viii. 1991, leg. L. Ádám, 1 male in HNHM. Györ-M. - S. m., Osli, Tölösi-erdö, 16. iv. 1996, leg. A. Podlussány, 1 male in HNHM. Aggleteki National Park, Aggletek, Patkós-oldal, Melittidi-Fagetum, talajcsapda, 2. vi. 1987, leg. L. Ádám, 1 male in HNHM. Borsod-A. - Z. m., Miskolc-Pereces, 19. ix. 1985, leg. K. Sin, 1 male in HNHM. Békés m., Szarvas, Szarvási Arborétum, romlott húsról, 31. vii. 1998, leg. O. Merkl, 1 male in HNHM. Bács-Kiskun m., Karapancsa, keményfaliget, talajcsapda, 14. xi. 1991 – 21. iii. 1992, leg. I. Loksa, 1 male in HNHM. Aggteleki National Park, Szögliget, Patkós-völgy, Melittidi-Fagetum, rostálas 25. viii. 1987, leg. Ádám & Szél, 1 male in HNHM. Györ-M. - S. m., Püski, keményfaliget, talajcsapda, 23. vi. - 20. viii. 1993, leg. O. Merkl, 1 male in HNHM. Györ-M. - S. m., Dunakiliti, Új-mérés, keményfaliget, rostálás, 14. iii. 1994, leg. O. Merkl, 1 male in HNHM. Bükki National Park, Cserépfalu, Hór-vögy, 250 m, farakás alól, rostálás, 12. iv. 1984, leg. Merkl & Korsós, 4 males in HNHM. Fejér m., Martonvásár, Gábori erdö, Sz László, patakpart, talajcsapdából, 19. vi. 2014, leg. M. Molnár, 1 male in HNHM. Balatonkenese, N 47 ° 2 ’ 28,98 ”, E 18 ° 7 ’ 8,6, 18. v. 2013 - 2. v. 2014, leg. S. Sághy Szolt, 1 male in HNHM. Kiskunsági National Park, Ócsa, Nagyerdö turjános talajcsapda, 3. viii. - 5. ix. 1977, leg. Adam & Hamori, 4 males in HNHM. Budapest, 1903, leg. Diener, 1 male in HNHM. Budapest, Káposztásmegyar, 100 m, nydras, erjedö gyümöks, 9. iv. 1980, leg. O. Merkl, 1 male in HNHM. Aggteléki National Park, Szin, Szelcepuszta, Waldsteinio-Querco-Carpinetum, talajcsapda v. 1987 – v. 1988, leg. O. Merkl, 1 male in HNHM. Györ-M. - S. m., Máriakálnok, keményfaliget, rostálás, 9. iv. 1994, leg. O. Merkl, 1 male in HNHM. Békés m. Doboz, Kastélypark, 90 m, varjúldagröl, 17. iv. 1980, leg. Adám, 1 male in HNHM. Békés m. Gyula, Városerdö, 90 m, rostálás, 29. x. 1981, leg. Ádám, 1 male in HNHM. Budapest, coll. Mihók 5. v. 1918, 1 male in HNHM. Budapest, Füvesz kerz., 8. iv. 1904, leg. Biró, 1 male in HNHM. Pest m. Bag, Zöld-haz, Tuber excavatum, 20. viii. 1994, leg. Z. Bratek, 1 male in HNHM. Siófok, leg. Lichteneckert, 1 male in HNHM. Magas-Bakony Kek hegy, talajrostálás, 1. xi. 1982, leg. Podlussány & I. Rozner, 3 males in HNHM. Veszprém m. Bakonynána, 24. iv. 1993, leg. O. Merkl, 1 male in HNHM. Pest m., Makád, Duna-ártér, rostálás, 1. v. 1991, leg. O. Merkl, 1 male in HNHM. Budapest, Hüvösvölgy, gyermekvasút-állomás, U-vitamin-csapda, 8 - 17. viii. 1992, leg. Z. Bratek, 1 male in HNHM. Budapest, Csücshegy, U-vitamin-csapda, 10 - 17. viii. 1992, leg. Z. Bratek, 1 male in HNHM. Pilis-hgys. Lukács-árok, 8. vii. 1983, leg. I. Loksa, 3 males in HNHM. Putnok, coll. E. Frivalszky, 1 male in HNHM. M-Övár, leg. D. Révy, various dates 1941 - 1945, 3 malesinHNHM. Budapest, vicinityofKamaraerdö, coll. H. Diener, 3 males in HNHM. Budapest, Rákos, v. 1906, coll. H. Diener, 1 male in HNHM. Budapest, Lágymányos, coll. H. Diener, 1 male in HNHM. Budapest, Füveirh, 9. iv. 1904, leg. Biró, 1 male in HNHM. Budapest, Muzeum kerz., 14. xi. 1917, leg. Biró, 1 male in HNHM. Csepek, 1 male in HNHM. Zircz, leg. Pavel, 1 male in HNHM. Pécs, 1909, leg. Kaufmann, 1 male in HNHM. Budapest, leg. Biró, 1 male in HNHM. Italy. Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Noghera, coll. Jeannel, 1 male in MNHN. Poland. Janów ad Olszkyn, 15. iv. 1927, 1 male in MHNH. Bouszezów, 17. viii. 1938, 1 male in MNHN. Silesia, Blelitz, leg. A. Smolka, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1140973). Silesia, Teschen, leg. V. Wanka, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141341). Romania. Bajle Herculane, leg. Machulka, 1 male in MNPC. Herkulesbad, 1895, leg. Ganglbauer, 1 male in MNPC. Gomana Vlaska, leg. A. L. Montandon, 1 male in MNHN. Transylvania, Udvarhely m. Gagy Zálos Tetö, 19. ix. 1916, leg. J. Fodor, 1 male in HNHM. Transylvania, Brassó m. Czenk alja, 2. x. 1918, leg. J. Fodor, 1 male in HNHM. Transylvania, Szeben m. Nagyszeben, Burgberg, 20. v. 1918, leg. J. Fodor, 1 male in HNHM. Herkulesfürdö, coll. J. Fodor, 1 male in HNHM. Transylvania, Krassó-Szörény m. Mehádja, 17. iv. 1915, leg. J. Fodor, 1 male in HNHM. Transylvania, Jud. Cluj. Dej Szölöi erdö, 300 m, Carpinetum, rostálás, 5. viii. 1981, leg. Podlussány & Sacl, 1 male in HNHM. Herkulesfürdö, coll. Mihók, 1 male in HNHM. Krassó-M, 1 male in HNHM. Herkulesfürdó, 1882, leg. Pável, 1 male in HNHM. Krassó-M, 1877, leg. J. Frivalszky & Pável, 1 male in HNHM. Transsylvania, Hermannstadt (Sibiu), 24. v. 1932, coll. Hlisnikowski, 1 male in NMPC. Serbia. Avala near Beograd, 1930, leg. Bischoff, 1 male in MNHN. Slovakia. Pressburger Com., leg. V. Zoufal, 5 males in HNHM. Slovenia. Istria, Mte Tajano, i. viii. 1975, leg. Brandmeyr, 1 male in MSNV. Carniolia, coll. Lichtn., 1 male in HNHM. Ukraine. Diwinograd p. Borszizou, 21. vii. 1938, 1 male in MNHN. Zezawa o. Zaleszczyki, 6. vii. 1935, coll. Tenebaum, 1 male in MNHN. Unknown country. Dormuglet, 1 male in HNHM. Herk., viii. 1896, coll. Veth, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 634084). Karlsburg, leg. Zellich, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141338). Natalia [Natolia?], 5. x. 1938, 1 male in MNHN.	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
F74687B505734C35FF55FB87CD6DA265.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Antennae (fig. 3 a) more robust than in P. medius, but more slender than in P. thebeatles: 6 TH antennomere c. 1.5 times as wide as long in the male, c. 2 times as wide as long in the female. Aedeagus (fig. 4 b) slender and long, tapering gradually towards the apex, and then, near the apical orifice, in a distinct curve; apex in dorsal view triangular, with a 90 ° angle, although in more apical view, the very tip is often even sharper; in lateral view not sinuous; apical orifice slightly more basal than the tips of the parameres.	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
F74687B505734C35FF55FB87CD6DA265.taxon	distribution	Distribution An east, central, and south-European species, reaching the Pyrenees in the west, northeastern Poland in the north, Bulgaria in the south, and central Ukraine in the east (fig. 5). Statements on its distribution in the older literature cannot be fully relied upon, since the species may have been confused with P. thebeatles and P. medius.	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
F74687B505734C35FF55FB87CD6DA265.taxon	discussion	Notes The type, from Kiev, is presumed lost. Chaudoir’s collection is held in Paris, but Jeannel (1934, 1936) did not see the type, and subsequent authors (Sokolowksi, 1956; Perreau, 2000) have also been unable to locate it. Given that the identity of P. sericatus has been unclear, we therefore find it important to designate a neotype, from Kiev, the original type locality. DNA barcodes We have generated 11 DNA-barcodes for specimens from the south of France (Languedoc-Rousillon and Ariège; figs 6, 7). However, as these were generated with the internal ‘ Ron’ and ‘ Nancy’ primers (which avoid the amplification problems encountered with the ‘ Folmer’ primers), they are less than 500 bp in length and therefore do not qualify for Barcode Identification Number (BIN). Genetic distance with P. thebeatles amounts to c. 3 %. Unfortunately, we were unable to obtain DNA barcodes for material from eastern and central Europe.	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
F74687B505774C36FD70FAA7CA7BA395.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material Type specimens Lectotype (here designated): [pale blue round label:] “ Pyrénées Orientales / “ [male symbol] ” / [Red label:] “ Catops medius / (Rey), male, LECTOTYPE / M. Schilthuizen design. 2016 ” 1 male in MC. Lectotype of P. miser Rey (here designated): “ C. miser ”, no locality labels (therefore, probably from “ région Lyonnais sensu lato ” [Harold Labrique, pers. comm.]), [Red label:] “ Catops miser (Rey), male, LECTOTYPE / M. Schilthuizen design. 2016 ”, 1 male in MC. Syntype of P. miser Rey: “ C. miser ”, leg. Rey, no locality labels (therefore, probably from “ région Lyonnais sensu lato ”; [Harold Labrique], pers. comm.), 1 male in MC. Holotype of Ptomaphagus septentrionalis: “ Schweden Alte Sammlung ” / “ TYPE ” [red label] / “ Ptomaphagus sericatus septentrionalis ” 1 male in MNHN. Other examined specimens Denmark. East Sylland, Århus, Trondhjemsgade, compost with chicken leg, 7. v. 1987, leg. Munk, 1 male in HNHM. Denmark, Veile, Bredballe, compost in garden, 7. viii. 1994, leg. Munk, 1 male in HNHM. France. Crest, coll. A. Argod, 1 male in MNHN. St. Guilhem, Hérault, 1 male in MNHN. St. Remy la V., 5. iv. 1913, leg. R. du Buysson, 1 male in MNHN. Toulouse, ix. 1904, leg. R. Jeannel, 1 male in MNHN. Marseille, coll. R. Jeannel, 1 male in MNHN. Pyrénées Orientales, Banyuls, iv. 1905, coll. R. Jeannel, 1 male in MNHN. Aix-en-Provence, 1. ii. 1922, coll. P. v. d. Wiel, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141394). France, iv. 1899, coll. MacGillavry, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 631353). St. Guilhem, Hérault, leg. H. Lavagne, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141348). m. Minsmer, 1899, coll. D. v. d. Hop, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141342). Provence, Vendres, leg. Normand, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141079). Aix-en-Provence, leg. Tisson, 1 male in HNHM. Germany. Holstein, Oldenburg, Putlos, in hollow willow, 22. iv. 1933, leg. K. Sokolowksi, 1 male in HNHM. Holstein, Eutin, 11. x. 1930, leg. Sick, 1 male in HNHM. Hamburg vicinity, Todendorf, 23. x. 1938, leg. K. Sokolowski, 2 males in HNHM. Hungary. Györ-M. - S. m., Osli, Tölösi-erdö, automobile-net, 18.30 - 19.00 h, 21. iv. 2000, leg. O. Merkl, 1 male in HNHM. Györ-M. - S. m., Dénesfa, woody pasture, 29. iii. 2000, leg. A. Podlussány, 1 male in HNHM. Spain. Barcelona, iii-iv. 1927, 2 males in MNHN. Lérida, Cuevas clares de Gurp, xi. 1920, leg. Zariquiey, 1 male in MNHN. Lérida, Noves de Segre, Forat de l’Infern, x. 1929, leg. Dr. Zariquiey, 1 male in MNHN. The Netherlands. Oegstgeest, Leidse Hout, ii-iv. 2011, leg. D. v. d. Horst, 8 males in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 63318 - 63321, RMNH. INS. 549254, RMNH. INS. 549292, RMNH. INS. 549309 - 549310). De Blaauwe Kamer (nr. Wageningen), in flood debris, 28. xii. 2012, leg. Dick Belgers, 3 males in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 63331 - 63333). Arnhem, Koningsheide, 26. vi- 31. x. 2013, leg. A. den Dees, 4 males in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 63331 - 63333, 63343). Amsterdam, Vondelpark, 6. iii- 7. v. 2019, leg. Schilthuizen & Van der Meer, 41 males in TXEX. United Kingdom. Chichester, E. Tottenham, coll. P. v. d. Wiel, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141143). UK, leg. Harwood, 1 male in MNHN. Kent, Wye, leg. B. S. Harwood, 1 male in MNHN. Antennae (fig. 3 c) more slender than in P. sericatus and P. thebeatles: 6 TH antennomere c. 1.5 times as wide as long in the female, less than 1.5 times as wide as long in the male. Aedeagus (fig. 4 a) in dorsal view gradually narrowed into a sharp point, in lateral view regularly bent ventrad. Apical orifice relatively far before the apex.	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
F74687B505774C36FD70FAA7CA7BA395.taxon	distribution	Distribution The historical specimens suggest the species was, until recently, restricted to western and northern Europe (Sweden, Denmark, England, the Netherlands, northwestern Germany, France, northern Spain; fig. 5). However, the recent records from Canada (based on DNAbarcodes and imaged specimens in BOLD) and Hungary (among the large material of sericatus - group from Hungary in HNHM, the only true P. medius were of recent date) suggest that, like P. thebeatles, P. medius has recently undergone range expansions.	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
F74687B505774C36FD70FAA7CA7BA395.taxon	discussion	Notes Jeannel (1934, 1936) described P. sericatus subsp. septentrionalis as a Scandinavian taxon, differing from medius by the more slender antennae and aedeagus. There is some variation in these traits within medius, but we failed to find consistent differences that would justify the recognition of a separate taxon. Although since Jeannel, most authors have ignored septentrionalis, we here for the first time formally synonymise it with P. medius. DNA barcodes All confirmed P. medius DNA-barcodes from Europe fall within the BIN AAU 6931 of BOLD. The same BIN also contains a large number of BOLD-records collected in a 400 - km wide strip north of Lake Ontario, Canada. Genetic distances with P. sericatus and P. thebeatles are c. 5 % (fig. 7).	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
F74687B505744C28FD51FB37C805A240.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material Type specimens Holotype: “ The Netherlands: prov. Noord-Holland, Amsterdam, Vondelpark, Koeienweide, 52.3558 ° N 4.8585 ° E, 25. iii. 2019, leg. Taxon Expeditions participants ” / “ Ptomaphagus thebeatles Schilthuizen et al., HOLOTYPE ” (red label) / RMNH. INS. 63376 ”, deposited in RMNH. Body size of the holotype is 2.7 mm. Type locality is Amsterdam. Downloaded from Brill. com 08 / 29 / 2023 05: 34: 15 PM via free access Other examined specimens France. Grenoble, leg. D. Guedel, 1 male in MNHN. Soissons, leg. De Buffévent, 1 male in MNHN. Monts Luberon, 20. x. 1904, leg. Ch. Fagniez, 1 male in MNHN. Sedan, xi. 1883, leg. Des Gozis, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1140958). Hautes-Pyrénées, Cauterets, coll. E. Everts, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141363). Braicon near Embrun, 44.521800 ° N 6.474050 ° E, 1. ix. 2013, leg. W. v. Oostenbrugge & S. Visser, 1 male, 1 female in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 63367 - 63368). Hungary. Bükki National Park, Szilvásvárad, Tar-kö, 950 m, talajcsapda, 24. viii. 1981, leg. Ádám, 1 male in HNHM. Hungary, leg. E. Frivaldszky, 1 male in HNHM. Pálháza Com., Zemplen, Istvánkút 6 - 11. vii. 1955, leg. Kaszab & Szekessy, 1 male in HNHM. Romania. Herkulesfürdó, 1879, leg. Pável, 2 males in HNHM. Russia. Novorossiysk, 25. iii. 1874, coll. E. Reitter, 2 males in HNHM. Slovakia. Szelecz, Kocsi, 1 male in HNHM. Bártfa, leg. Mihalovics, 1 male in HNHM. Spain. Caril, leg. Paganetti, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141332). Barcelona, 3. iv. 1927, 1 male in MNHN. Caboalles, leg. G. Paganetti, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1140941). Ponferrada, leg. Paganetti, 1 male in HNHM, 2 males in RMNH + ZMAN (ZMA. INS. 1141356 - 1141357). The Netherlands. Leiden, ii-iv. 2011, leg. D. van der Horst, 5 males in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 63311, RMNH. INS. 63313, RMNH. INS. 63314, RMNH. INS. 63316, RMNH. INS. 63317). Arnhem, Koningsheide, 26. vi. - 31. x. 2013, leg. A. den Dees, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 63344). Oegstgeest, Leidse Hout, 1. iii. - 20. iv. 2011, leg. D. van der Horst, 5 males in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 549289 - 549291, 549307 - 549308). Schiedam, Beatrixpark, pitfall with cheese, 19. vii. 1987, leg. M. Schilthuizen, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 634264). Schiedam, pitfall with carrion, 19. iv. 1983, leg. M. Schilthuizen, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 634239). Middelburg, pitfall with cheese, 29. vii. 1987, leg. M. Schilthuizen, 1 male in RMNH + ZMAN (RMNH. INS. 634265). Amsterdam, Vondelpark, 25. iii- 9. viii. 2019, leg. Taxon Expeditions participants, 6 males in TXEX. Antennae (fig. 3 b) more robust than in P. sericatus and P. medius: 6 TH antennomere 2 times as wide as long in the male, 2.5 times as wide as long in the female. Aedeagus (fig. 4 c) apex in dorsal view similar to P. sericatus, but more narrowed and with an even blunter apical angle; in lateral view clearly sinuous (sunken near the orifice); apical orifice very close to the tip, basal edge ± in line with the end of the parameres.	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
F74687B505744C28FD51FB37C805A240.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the band The Beatles, which no beetle has yet been named after. The name also commemorates the ‘ Bed In for Peace’ by John Lennon and Yoko Ono in the nearby Hilton Hotel, exactly 50 years (to the day) prior to the collection date of the holotype.	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
F74687B505744C28FD51FB37C805A240.taxon	distribution	Distribution This species has a wide distribution across southern and western Europe (fig. 5). It reaches southern Russia in the east and Spain in the west. In recent decades, it appears to have shifted or extended its distribution northward: whereas specimens from northern France date back to the late 19 th century, all material from The Netherlands dates only from the past 35 years.	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
F74687B505744C28FD51FB37C805A240.taxon	discussion	Notes The existence of this previously unrecognized species is probably one of the causes for much of the confusion regarding the sericatus- complex over the past century. The shape of the aedeagus of P. medius is strikingly different from that of P. thebeatles, and workers who had access to many P. thebeatles specimens would have considered these as P. sericatus and as different from P. medius at the species level. On the other hand, researchers whose image of P. sericatus was formed mostly by specimens of the true P. sericatus, of which the aedeagus shape is somewhat intermediate between P. thebeatles and P. medius, may have been more dubious about its specific status. DNA barcodes We have obtained 16 closely-related DNAbarcodes for specimens from France, the Netherlands, and Germany (fig. 7), most of which were confirmed with genital dissection. These sequences were either obtained from GenBank or generated with the internal ‘ Ron’ and ‘ Nancy’ primers (which avoid the amplification problems encountered with the ‘ Folmer’ primers), and less than 500 bp in length. In both situations, they do not qualify for a Barcode Identification Number (BIN) to be determined. Genetic distance with P. sericatus amounts to c. 3 %.	en	Schilthuizen, Menno, van Oostenbrugge, Wesley, Visser, Stefan, van der Meer, Marrit, Delval, Richard, Dias, Claudia, Köster, Heko, Maarschall, Rudie, Peeters, Norbert, Venema, Peter, Zaremba, Ryan, Beltrami, Cristina, Rossato, Marzia, Latella, Leonardo, Nieuwenhuis, Florinda, de Rop, Nicole, Njunjić, Iva, Perreau, Michel, Koene, Joris M. (2021): Ptomaphagus thebeatles n. sp., a previously unrecognized beetle from Europe, with remarks on urban taxonomy and recent range expansion (Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Contributions to Zoology 90 (1): 1-20, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10007, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10007
