taxonID	type	description	language	source
F771D043FFE84260EDEEF9ECA70CFD58.taxon	materials_examined	Type: Angraecum bueae Schlechter (1906: 159). The new genus is most similar morphologically to Diaphananthe (including Chamaeangis) in the structure of the rostellum and pollinarium but differs in the large and cup-shaped stigmatic cavity with large margins more or less winged; the pollinarium consists of a single calceiform viscidium and 1 or 2 stipes with fringed margins; it has distinctive ventricose fruits. Epiphytic perennial herbs. Roots at the base of the stem, 2 – 6 mm in diameter. Stem with a few leaves in a fan, up to 60 mm long. Leaves imbricate, distichous, generally no more than ten, slightly conduplicate, oblong, linear to obovate, sometimes slightly falcate, with entire margins, bilobed at apex, generally unequally bilobed, 13 – 160 × 6 – 27 mm. Inflorescences emerging at the base of the stem, 1 – 20 - flowered, nodes single-flowered, up to 300 mm long; bracts amplexicaul, 1 – 6 mm long. Flowers white or green, greenish, yellow, yellowish, beige, resupinate or non-resupinate, 6 – 15 mm in diameter; sepals, petals and labellum free; dorsal sepal entire, elliptic or lanceolate, or suborbicular to orbicular, margins entire, 3.0 – 8.6 × 1.2 – 4.1 mm; lateral sepals entire, elliptic to linear, sometimes lanceolate, margins entire, 3.2 – 8.1 × 1.0 – 3.7 mm; petals elliptic to linear, sometimes lanceolate, margins entire, erose to slightly fringed, 2.8 – 8.0 × 1.0 – 2.8 mm; lip entire, elliptic, cordate or triangular, margins entire or erose, with an inconspicuous callus, 2.5 – 8.7 × 1.5 – 5.0 mm; spur always present, 5 – 24 mm long; ovary and pedicel 4.0 – 9.0 × 0.7 – 1.5 mm. Column 1.0 – 5.0 × 1.0 – 3.5 mm; stigmatic cavity cup-shaped, margins more or less winged, 3 veins generally visible; rostellum triangular and bifid; pollinia 2, spherical; stipes 2 spatulate, completely separate or more or less connate along their inner margins, or 1 obcordate, margins clearly erose to fringed, 0.8 – 1.6 mm long, connected to a single calceiform or pisiform viscidium. Fruits ventricose, shortly pedicellate.	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE84260EDEEF9ECA70CFD58.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — Tropical Africa, 100 – 3,000 m (Fig. 3).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE84260EDEEF9ECA70CFD58.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The genus name comes from the ancient Greek ‘ kylix ’, a type of wine-drinking cup with a broad and relatively shallow body, and from ‘ anthos ’ meaning flower, for the broad cup-shaped stigmatic cavity of the flower. The ending ‘ anthe ’ also alludes to Diaphananthe, the genus in which formerly some of the species were included. Notes: — The overall structure of the column of Kylicanthe, characterised by a deeply concave stigmatic cavity with winged margins, also resembles those of Aerangis and Eurychone, and accordingly the key characters to differentiate Kylicanthe from the former two genera are presented below.	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFEF4263EDEEFDDBA538FB6C.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CAMEROON. Southwest: Mt Kupe, Village de Nyasoso, arbre isolé au milieu d’un village sur Ficus sp., 869 m, 4 ° 49 ’ 57.66 ” N 9 ° 41 ’ 5.28 ” E, 21 October 2009, Droissart & Stévart 695 (holotype: BRLU; isotype: YA). Kylicanthe arcuata is similar to K. quintasii but differs in its erect spur and substantially larger lip callus that is rectangular in front view. Epiphytic herbs. Roots numerous, basal on the stem, unbranched, greyish, 3 mm in diameter. Stem with a few leaves in a fan, with internodes about 1 mm. Leaves less than 10, oblong, elliptic, sometimes slightly dissymmetric, margins entire, apex unequally bilobed without a notch, lobes of apex acute, difference between the two lobes 5 – 7 mm, 28 – 120 × 8 – 20 mm. Inflorescences usually 1 to 3, more or less pendent, emerging at the base of the stem, with up to 13 flowers, 45 – 190 mm long, floral internodes about 8 – 12 mm, rachis terete; bracts amplexicaul, about 2 – 3 mm long. Flowers resupinate, greenish, about 8 mm in diameter, veins inconspicuous; dorsal sepal elliptic sublinear, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 5.0 – 4.0 × 1.2 – 2.0 mm; lateral sepals elliptic, slightly keeled dorsally, apex subacute, margins entire, 3.5 – 5.0 × 1.0 – 2.0 mm; angle between dorsal and lateral sepals about 120 °; petals linear, apex subacute, margins entire, 3.5 – 4.1 × 1.0 mm; lip narrowly ovate, entire, margins entire, slightly deflected, triveined, with a callus, apex acute, 3.0 – 3.5 × 1.5 – 2.1 mm; callus rectangular in front view, hiding most of the mouth of the spur; spur tubular arcuate, curved but not pendent, raised upward, mouth slightly spreading, distal part slightly dilated, apex rounded, proximal part of the spur parallel to the ovary, 10 – 12 mm long; ovary / pedicel 4.0 – 4.5 × 1.0 mm. Column 1.2 × 1.0 mm; anther cavity approximately perpendicular to the axis of the column, margins winged; stigmatic cavity cup-shaped, margins winged, 3 veins generally visible; rostellum triangular and bifid with the 2 lobes fused, about 1 mm long; pollinia 2, spherical; 1 stipe, obcordate, prominently fringed, 0.8 mm × 0.5 mm, connected to a single pisiform viscidium. Fruits ventricose, pedicellate.	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFEF4263EDEEFDDBA538FB6C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — Recorded from West Africa (Liberia, Guinea, Ivory Coast and Ghana) and Central Africa (Bioko) and in the mountains of southwestern and central Cameroon, at 700 – 1,000 m (Fig. 3). Habitat and ecology: — Epiphytic in submontane forest, occasionally growing in coffee plantations and orchards, in semi-shade to well-lit conditions. Phenology: — Flowering August – November. Conservation status: — The IUCN Red List category is Vulnerable [VU]. The extent of occurrence (EOO) of K. arcuata is estimated to be over 372,072 km 2 (far exceeding the 20,000 km 2 upper limit for vulnerable category under the criterion B 1) whereas its minimal area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be 44 km 2, which falls within the limits for endangered category under the criterion B 2. Kylicanthe arcuata is a Lower Guinea-Upper Guinea linking species and has been collected in one protected area (the Nimba Mountains World Heritage Site). This species is known from 16 specimens representing ten subpopulations. These ten subpopulations represent a total of ten “ locations ” (sensu IUCN 2017), exceeding the upper limit for endangered, but falling within the limits for vulnerable. We project that the on-going loss of its habitat will induce a continuous decline in the number of subpopulations and mature individuals in the next ten years as well as an important decline of its EOO and AOO. Kylicanthe arcuata is therefore assigned a status of VU B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFEF4263EDEEFDDBA538FB6C.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The species epithet refers to the distinctive shape of the lip spur, which is erect and arcuate. Notes: — Records of Diaphananthe rohrii for Ivory Coast and Ghana (Govaerts et al. 2018) correspond to this species. Records of D. rohrii for Togo also probably refer to this species, but we were unable to locate any specimens. We also failed to locate the single specimen of K. arcuata known from Liberia (Adams 28949), which is probably housed at IFAN in Dakar, Senegal. A line drawing of this specimen is provided by Adam (1981 pl. 922) who misidentified it as D. quintasii (Adam 1981: 1692). Kylicanthe arcuata is also depicted in the book of Pérez-Vera (2003 p. 267) under the name of Diaphananthe bueae with three pictures (flowers and plant in situ at Mount Tonkoui), with a description and a drawing (pp. 274 – 275). One can observe the arcuate spur clearly raised upward and prominent rectangular callus. One cited specimens, Pérez-Vera 696, is deposited at GDA, P and K. Additional duplicates of Pérez-Vera 696 and Pérez-Vera 236 from the same locality, Mont Tonkoui, might be at the herbarium of Abidjan (UCJ, ABI) but were not seen. Confusingly, K. arcuata in Ivory Coast had been previously identified as D. quintasii by Cribb & Pérez-Vera (1975), probably following Summerhayes (1968). The specimen of D. bueae mentioned by Cribb & Pérez-Vera (1975), Pérez-Vera 725 (K) actually corresponds to Diaphananthe lecomtei (Finet) Cribb & Carlsward (2012), as determined by Droissart et al. (2009). We were unable to check the identity of the other specimen identified as D. bueae by the same authors, Aké Assi 9003 (UCJ). Finally, the recently reported record of D. rohrii from Equatorial Guinea (Galán Cela et al. 2018) also corresponds to K. arcuata. Additional specimens examined: — LIBERIA. Nimba: Kitoma à 25 km à l’ouest du Nimba, flowered August 1974, Adam 28949 (K-drawing). GUINEA. Nzérékoré: Nimba, Seringbara 2, 1,123 m, 7 ° 37 ’ 54 ” N 8 ° 25 ’ 00 ” W, 15 September 2017, Stévart et al. 5057 (BRLU, MO, P, SERG). IVORY COAST. Montagnes: Mont Tonkoui, January 1972 (flowered in Daloa August 1972), Pérez-Vera 696 (GDA, K, P). GHANA. Eastern: Aburi, 31 October 1937, Cox 87 (K); Volta: Amedzofe, Rest House compound, 2 August 1954 (flowered September 1954), Westwood 31 (K); ibid. loc., 2 August 1954 (flowered September 1954) Westwood 31 A (K). EQUATORIAL GUINEA. Bioko: Basilé, old governor’s residence, 26 December 1966, Sanford 4016 (K); Pico Basilé, estrada km 2 – 3, 2 November 1989, Carvalho 4158 (MA). CAMEROON. Southwest: Kupe-Manengouba, Engandong, 810 m, 5 ° 6 ’ 12.00 ” N 9 ° 43 ’ 49.80 ” E, 22 October 2001, Simo SIP 011 (BRLU, YA); Mt Kupe, chemin (‘ Montane trail’) partant de Nyasoso jusqu’au sommet du Mont, 1,000 m, 4 ° 49 ’ 37.08 ” N 9 ° 41 ’ 47.34 ” E, 21 October 2009, Droissart & Stévart 682 (BRLU, YA); Mt Etindé (petit Mt Cameroun), Village d’ Ekondjo, 700 m, 4 ° 3 ’ 52.88 ” N 9 ° 9 ’ 6.55 ” E, 15 October 2013, Droissart et al. 1522 (BRLU, YA); ibid. loc., 643 m, 4 ° 3 ’ 47.37 ” N 9 ° 9 ’ 41.38 ” E, Yaoundé shadehouse series 4757 (BRLU, YA); Centre: Mbam-Minkom (région de, au NO de Yaoundé), Village de Nye-Meyong, sommet de la colline située au N-NE du village, 1,165 m, 16 November 2007, Yaoundé shadehouse series 805 (BRLU, YA); ibid. loc., endroit ouvert sur sommet de la colline à l’E du village, 1,100 m, 3 ° 55 ’ 23.34 ” N 11 ° 21 ’ 59.64 ” E, 18 November 2007, Yaoundé shadehouse series 827 (BRLU, YA).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFED426DEDEEFB0AA093FC0B.taxon	description	Epiphytic herbs. Roots basal on the stem, unbranched, greyish, 3 – 4 mm in diameter. Stem with a few leaves in a fan, up to 25 mm long, up to 10 mm in diameter. Leaves less than 10, oblong, elliptic sublinear to linear, sometimes slightly falcate, margins entire, apex unequally bilobed with a short notch of 0.1 – 2.0 mm, lobes acute, 45 – 105 × 9 – 13 mm. Inflorescences usually 1 to 3, pendent, emerging at the base of the stem, 4 – 16 - flowered, 80 – 170 mm long, floral internodes about 5 – 14 mm, rachis terete; bracts amplexicaul, about 2 – 3 mm long. Flowers resupinate, white or whitish, greenish, yellowish, 10 – 15 mm in diameter; dorsal sepal elliptic, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 3 – 5 - veined, 5.0 – 8.6 x 2.4 – 4.1 mm; lateral sepals obliquely elliptic linear, slightly keeled dorsally, apex obtuse to acute, margins entire, 3 – 5 - veined, 5.0 – 8.1 × 2.0 – 3.7 mm; angle between dorsal and lateral sepals about 120 °; petals elliptic linear, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, triveined, 4.0 – 8.0 × 1.2 – 2.2 mm; lip ovate, entire, margins entire, lateral margins not or only slightly deflexed, 5 – 9 - veined, with a callus, apex acute, 4.0 – 8.7 × 3.0 – 4.4 mm; lip callus like a small tooth; spur tubular, pendent, strongly geniculate, distal part more or less dilated and dorso-ventrally flattened, apex rounded or bilobulate, angle formed by the ovary and the proximal part of the spur 20 – 45 °, 10 – 12 mm long; ovary and pedicel 6.5 – 8.5 × 1.0 – 1.2 mm. Column 2.5 – 5.0 × 2.5 – 3.5 mm; anther cavity in ventral position, facing the lip; stigmatic cavity cup-shaped, margins large and winged, 3 veins generally visible; rostellum triangular and bifid, about 1 mm long; pollinia 2, spherical; 1 stipe, obcordate, with fringed margins, 1.0 – 1.5 mm long, connected to a single, calceiform viscidium.	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFED426DEDEEFB0AA093FC0B.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — Mount Cameroon and Cameroonian highlands, in the area of the Oku Massif, c. 1,000 – 2,600 m (Fig. 3). Habitat and ecology: — Epiphytic in forests and savannah woodlands. Phenology: — Flowering March – July. Conservation status: — The IUCN Red List category is endangered [EN]. The extent of occurrence (EOO) of K. bueae is estimated to be over 5,748 km 2 (which falls within the limits for vulnerable category under the criterion B 1) whereas its minimal area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be 32 km 2, which falls within the limits for endangered category under the criterion B 2. Kylicanthe bueae is endemic to Cameroon and has been collected outside the Mont Cameroon National Park and in the Oku Massif. It is thus known from two subpopulations occurring in several unprotected forests subjected to high level of degradation. This species is known from nine specimens representing seven subpopulations. These seven subpopulations represent a total of six locations (sensu IUCN 2017), above the upper limit for endangered category. We project that the on-going loss of its habitat will induce a continuous decline in the number of subpopulations and mature individuals in the next ten years as well as an important decline of its EOO and AOO. Kylicanthe bueae is therefore assigned a IUCN status of VU B 1 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v) + 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v). Notes: — The holotype of Angraecum bueae (Deistel s. n.) was almost certainly lost during the bombing raids of Berlin on the night of 1 - 2 March 1943. A tracing of the type drawn by Summerhayes survives at Kew, but no plant material remains from the original collection. The neotype, Gregory 153 (K!), examined and drawn by Summerhayes, was chosen because it is from the type locality. Kylicanthe bueae is the largest-flowered species in the genus, and the overall appearance of its flowers bears some resemblance to that of Aerangis pallidiflora Perrier (1938: 36) and especially to Aerangis seegeri Senghas (1983: 23) from Madagascar, the latter also possessing a short geniculate spur with a somewhat inflated tip. Further fieldwork in Bioko, Cameroon and Nigeria (Chappal Waddi) would likely expand its range. Additional specimens examined: — CAMEROON. Northwest: Bali Ngemba, s. d., Chiron 01235 (LY [scan]); près Kichong (30 Km SSE de Nkambé), 2,200 m, 13 July 1967, Letouzey 8889 (P); Tadu 11 km WNW of Kumbo, 26 June 1973, Mbenkum 354 (P!); near Verkovi Village, lower slopes of Mt. Oku, 2,200 – 2,600 m, April 1986, Thomas & McLeod 6051 (MO, K [scan], YA); Belo, Mont Oku, autour du lac, 2,300 m, 6 ° 11 ’ 8.00 ” N 10 ° 25 ’ 19.89 ” E’, 19 May 2014, Yaoundé shadehouse series 5098 (BRLU!); ibid. loc., 4 March 2015, Yaoundé shadehouse series 5958 (BRLU, YA); Boyo, Mbi Crater, 2,040 m, N 06 ° 05 ′ 49 ″, E 10 ° 21 ′ 12 ″, 3 May 2002, Pollard 1154 (K, YA).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE3426FEDEEFBB1A143F9FC.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CAMEROON. Centre: Mbam-Minkom (NW of Yaoundé), near Nye-Meyong village, inselberg included in dense forest with submontane affinity, 1,165 m, 3 ° 55 ’ 58.32 ” N 11 ° 22 ’ 26.58 ” E, 5 July 2008, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1127 (holotype: BRLU!; isotype: YA!). Kylicanthe cornuata is similar to K. bueae but differs in its non-resupinate flowers, horn-shaped spur, lack of a lip callus and erose to fringed petal margins. Epiphytic herbs. Roots numerous, basal on the stem, unbranched, greyish, 2 – 3 mm diameter. Stem with a few leaves in a fan, up to 30 mm long, up to 6 mm in diameter. Leaves less than 10, oblong, elliptic, tessellated, margins entire, apex unequally bilobed with or without a notch of 0.5 – 2.0 mm, lobes subacute, 35 – 105 × 12 – 26 mm. Inflorescences usually 1 – 3, semi-pendent, emerging at the base of the stem, 3 – 8 - flowered, 40 – 95 mm long, floral internodes about 3 – 5 mm, rachis terete; bracts amplexicaul, about 2 mm long. Flowers non-resupinate, yellowish to green, turning orange late in anthesis, 6 – 13 mm in diameter; dorsal sepal elliptic, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 3 – or 5 – veined, 4.0 – 6.0 × 2.0 – 3.5 mm; lateral sepals elliptic, slightly asymmetrical, slightly keeled dorsally, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 3 – 5 - veined, 4.0 – 5.5 × 2.0 – 3.0 mm; angle between dorsal and lateral sepals about 120 °; petals elliptic to sublinear, apex obtuse, margins eroded to fringed, 4.0 – 6.0 × 1.8 – 2.8 mm; lip broadly ovate, entire, margins entire to slightly erose, lateral margins not or slightly deflexed, 5 – 9 - veined, ecallose, apex subacute or with a notch, 3.0 – 5.0 × 3.5 – 5.0 mm; spur horn-shaped, mouth widely spreading, laterally flattened in its distal part, apex rounded, 5 – 11 mm long; ovary and pedicel 4.5 – 7.0 × 0.7 – 1.0 mm. Column 1 – 2 × 2 – 3 mm; anther cavity approximately perpendicular to the axis of the column; stigmatic cavity large and cup-shaped, margins large and winged, 3 veins generally visible; rostellum triangular and bifid, 1.0 – 1.5 mm long; pollinia 2, spherical; stipes 2, not fused, spoon-shaped with inner and outer margins subequal, fringed, 1.0 – 1.5 mm long, connected to a single calceiform viscidium.	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE3426FEDEEFBB1A143F9FC.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — Southwestern Cameroon, Rio Muni (Equatorial Guinea) and Gabon, 100 – 1,165 m (Fig. 3). Habitat and ecology: — Epiphytic in rainforest, where it is found around inselbergs and sporadically in old secondary forest. Phenology: — Flowering March – November. Conservation status: — The IUCN Red List category is vulnerable [VU]. The extent of occurrence (EOO) of K. cornuata is estimated to be over 40,163 km 2 (exceeding the 20,000 km 2 upper limit for vulnerable category under the criterion B 1), whereas its minimal area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be 48 km 2, which falls within the limits for Endangered category under the criterion B 2. Kylicanthe cornuata is endemic to Atlantic Central Africa and has been collected in one protected area, the Campo-Ma’an National Park (Cameroon). It is also known from six subpopulations occurring in several unprotected forests subjected to selective logging, timber harvesting for small-scale subsistence and agriculture. This species is known from 25 specimens representing ten subpopulations. These ten subpopulations represent a total of nine “ locations ” (sensu IUCN 2017), exceeding the upper limit for Endangered category, but falling within the limits for vulnerable category. We project that the ongoing loss of its habitat will induce a continuous decline in the number of subpopulations and mature individuals in the next ten years as well as an important decline of its EOO and AOO. Kylicanthe cornuata is therefore assigned a preliminary status of VU B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE3426FEDEEFBB1A143F9FC.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The species epithet refers to its distinctive horn-shaped lip spur. Notes: — Kylicanthe cornuata is the only species of its genus with non-resupinate flowers. A specimen, Stévart 1745 (BRLU!), of this new species was observed by P. J. Cribb who made a first drawing of it in 2003, now conserved in the Kew Orchid Herbarium. With its trumpet-shaped ecallose lip with a wide mouth entrance and erose petal margins, K. cornuata looks somewhat like a dwarf Eurychone. This is the species identified as ‘ Diaphananthe sp. nov. ’ (CAM 376 & CAM 2338) in the phylogenetic trees of Simo-Droissart et al. (2018). Additional specimens examined: — CAMEROON. Centre: Mbam-Minkom (région de, au NO de Yaoundé), village de Nye-Meyong, sommet d’une colline à l’Ouest du village, 1,120 m, 3 ° 55 ’ 14.41 ” N 11 ° 22 ’ 1.74 ” E, 10 June 2006, Yaoundé shadehouse series 370 (BRLU, YA); ibid. loc., 1,160 m, 3 ° 55 ’ 25.43 ” N 11 ° 22 ’ 4.80 ” E, 16 July 2008, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1151 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 9 July 2010, Yaoundé shadehouse series 2217 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 22 June 2011, Yaoundé shadehouse series 2896 (BRLU); village de Nye-Meyong, sommet de la colline située au N-NE du village, 1,130 m, 3 ° 55 ’ 50.88 ” N 11 ° 22 ’ 26.87 ” E, 5 July 2007, Yaoundé shadehouse series 582 (BRLU, YA); ibid. loc., 1,165 m, 3 ° 55 ’ 58.32 ” N 11 ° 22 ’ 26.58 ” E, 14 August 2007, Yaoundé shadehouse series 643 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 1 July 2008, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1115 (BRLU); Mont Kala, sommet de la colline, 1,138 m, 3 ° 49 ’ 59.16 ” N 11 ° 20 ’ 34.31 ” E, 17 June 2011, Yaoundé shadehouse series 2875 (BRLU, YA); ibid. loc., 27 July 2012, Yaoundé shadehouse series 3708 (BRLU); Sud: Massif de Ngovayan, Bidjouka, campement à 1 h 30 de marche au N-NO du village, 730 m, 3 ° 8 ’ 22.08 ” N 10 ° 27 ’ 51.77 ” E, 14 July 2007, Yaoundé shadehouse series 732 (BRLU); Massif de Ngovayang, Bibondi, 830 m, 3 ° 19 ’ 26.78 ” N 10 ° 38 ’ 53.90 ” E, 14 September 2012, Yaoundé shadehouse series 3790 (YA); Bidou III / Nkolembonda (route Kribi-Ebolowa), campement au pied du Mt des Éléphants, sur le versant Est, 350 m, 2 ° 48 ’ 1.38 ” N 10 ° 0 ’ 42.54 ” E, 10 October 2008, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1384 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 14 March 2009, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1475 (P); ibid. loc., 20 March 2009, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1502 (BRLU, P); ibid. loc., 7 October 2009, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1860 (BRLU, P, WAG). ibid. loc., 25 October 2010, Yaoundé shadehouse series 2498 (YA); Bidou III / Nkolembonda (route Kribi-Ebolowa), campement au pied du Mt des Éléphants à moins d’un km de la route qui va de Bidou III à HEVECAM, à 50 m du sommet, 445 m, 2 ° 47 ’ 58.08 ” N 10 ° 0 ’ 16.86 ” E, 16 October 2009, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1885 (BRLU); Bifa (piste sur la route Kribi-Ebolowa), à 5 km au SE de Zingui, 105 m, 2 ° 39 ’ 59.15 ” N 10 ° 16 ’ 54.95 ” E, 19 September 2008, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1316 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 1 October 2009, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1828 (P, WAG); ibid. loc., 100 m, 2 ° 40 ’ 10.98 ” N 10 ° 16 ’ 54.48 ” E, 24 September 2008, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1337 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 2 November 2009, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1920 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 21 October 2011, Yaoundé shadehouse series 3245 (YA). EQUATORIAL GUINEA. Rio Muni, Centro Sur: Bicurga (inselberg de), 12 July 2001, Stévart 948 (BRLU). GABON. Woleu-Ntem: Crystal Mountains, c. 10 km along the road Tchimbélé- Kinguélé, 29 October 1984, van der Laan 824 (WAG); Tchimbélé, forêt aux environs du barrage, 460 m, N 0 ° 36 ’ 878 ’’ E 10 ° 24 ’ 168 ”, 25 August 2001, Stévart 1096 (BRLU); Assep-Bengong, frange forestière, 620 à 690 m, N 01 ° 38.631 ’, E 11 ° 37.314 ’, 18 August 2002, Stévart 1745 (BRLU, K-drawing).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE14268EDEEF9FAA646FBEC.taxon	description	Description: — Epiphytic herbs. Roots numerous, basal on the stem, unbranched, greyish, up to 4 mm in diameter. Stem with a few leaves in a fan, up to 50 mm. Leaves distichous, less than 10, falcate, linear to obovate, subcoriaceous margins entire, apex unequally bilobate, 60 – 80 × 12 – 15 mm. Inflorescences usually 1 – 3, semi – pendulous, emerging at the base of the stem, with up to 8 flowers, 10 – 160 mm long, floral internodes about 10 – 20 mm, rachis terete; bracts amplexicaul, up to 2.5 mm long. Flowers resupinate, emerald green becoming yellow in late anthesis, up to 8 – 10 mm in diameter; dorsal sepal elliptic, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 3.5 – 4.0 × 2.3 – 2.5 mm; lateral sepals elliptic, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 3.8 – 4.8 × 1.8 – 2.8 mm; angle between dorsal and lateral sepals about 90 °; petals elliptic sublinear, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 1 – 3 - veined, 3.2 – 3.5 × 1.2 – 1.5 mm; lip cordate, entire, margins entire, lateral margins slightly deflexed, with a callus, apex subacute, about 4 × 3 mm; lip callus, a small tooth in the mouth of the spur; spur tubular, clearly sigmoid, circular in cross section, more or less pendent, mouth slightly spreading, proximal part of the spur approximately parallel to the ovary, apex rounded and only barely broadened, 20 – 24 mm long; ovary and pedicel about 8 – 9 × 1 mm. Column 2.2 – 3.0 × 1.6 – 2.0 mm; anther cavity approximately perpendicular to the axis of the column; stigmatic cavity cup-shaped, margins winged, 3 veins; rostellum triangular and bifid, about 1 mm long; pollinia 2, spherical; stipes 2, separate along their length, spatulate with slightly fringed margins, about 1.4 mm long, connected to a single calceiform viscidium.	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE14268EDEEF9FAA646FBEC.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — This species is probably endemic to the Albertine Rift. Recorded in Rwanda (Nyungwe Forest) and southwestern Uganda (Kalinzu Forest), 1,500 – 1,800 m (Fig. 3). Habitat and ecology: — Epiphytic in the canopy of montane forests. Phenology: — Flowering February – April. Conservation status: — The IUCN Red List category is Endangered [EN]. The extent of occurrence (EOO) of K. liae cannot be calculated since the species is known from two subpopulations, whereas its minimal area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be 8 km 2, which falls within the limits for Critically Endangered category under the criterion B 2. Kylicanthe liae is endemic to Albertine Rift and has been collected only in two protected areas. This species is thus known from two specimens representing two subpopulations. These two subpopulations represent a total of two “ locations ” (sensu IUCN 2017), which falls within the limits for Endangered category. We suspect that the past loss of its habitat had induced a continuous decline in the number of subpopulations and mature individuals as well as an important decline of its EOO and AOO. Kylicanthe liae is therefore assigned a preliminary status of EN B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v). Notes: — This species can be easily confused with K. quintasii, to which it is sympatric. However, K. liae has flowers distinctly green and not yellow or orange and a significantly longer sigmoid spur (Fischer et al. 2011). The only known specimen of K. liae from Uganda (Meyer 129 in Stewart) (vide Cribb 1989) was misidentified as Diaphananthe bueae. Additional specimens examined: — UGANDA. Western: Kalinzu Forest: 1,525 m, 12 April 1971, flowered 18 February 1975, Meyer 129 in Stewart (K).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE6426AEDEEFB8AA4F8FAD0.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — GUINEA. Nzérékoré: Nimba Range, SMFG iron ore mine concession, station météorologique de Château, on rocky outcrops, 7 ° 40 ’ 33.00 ” N 8 ° 22 ’ 45.00 ” W, 6 August 2012, Nimba shadehouse series 213 (holotype: BRLU!). Kylicanthe perezverae is similar to K. rohrii but differs in its laxer inflorescence, suborbicular dorsal sepal, inconspicuous lip callus, a narrowly conical spur and an emarginate lip apex. Epiphytic herbs. Roots basal on the stem, unbranched, greyish. Stem with a few leaves in a fan, 20 – 40 mm. Leaves oblong to elliptic, suborbicular, margins entire, apex unequally bilobed with or without a 1 mm notch, lobes acute, 13 – 90 × 6 – 15 mm. Inflorescences pendent, wiry, emerging at the base of the stem, 1 – 7 - flowered, 20 – 115 mm long, floral internodes about 4 – 16 mm, rachis terete; bracts amplexicaul, 1.5 – 2.0 mm long. Flowers resupinate, whitish to yellowish green, 9 – 11 mm in diameter; dorsal sepal elliptic suborbicular, apex obtuse, margins entire, triveined, 3.0 – 5.5 × 2.5 – 3.0 mm; lateral sepals elliptic, slightly keeled dorsally, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, triveined, 3.5 – 5.5 × 2.0 mm; angle between dorsal and lateral sepals about 120 °; petals elliptic to lanceolate, apex obtuse, margins entire, triveined, 3.0 – 5.5 × 1.6 – 1.8 mm; lip broadly ovate, entire, margins entire, lateral margins not or slightly deflexed, 5 - veined, with a callus, apex emarginate, 3.0 – 4.5 × 3.0 – 3.3 mm; lip callus an inconspicuous tooth in the mouth of the spur; spur narrowly conical, somewhat laterally flattened, mouth slightly spreading, rectilinear or slightly curved, apex rounded, angle formed by the ovary and the proximal part of the spur 20 – 45 °, 10.0 – 13.5 mm long; ovary and pedicel 5 × 1 mm. Column 1.5 – 2.0 × 2.2 – 2.5 mm; anther cavity approximately perpendicular to the axis of the column; stigmatic cavity cup-shaped, margins large and winged, 3 veins; rostellum triangular and bifid, about 1 mm long; pollinia 2, spherical; stipes 2, separate along their length, spatulate, with inner and outer margins subequal, erose, 1.0 – 1.2 mm long, connected to a single calceiform viscidium. Fruits ventricose, pedicellate.	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE6426AEDEEFB8AA4F8FAD0.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — Known only from the Nimba Range (Guinea) and Monts des Dan (Ivory Coast), where it is probably endemic, 800 – 1,300 m (Fig. 3). Habitat and ecology: — Epiphytic on shrubs, treelets and trees. In the Nimba Range, it was found in shrubby vegetation isolated in savannah, but also in forests, where it grows on high branches and on small trees on rocky outcrops. This heliophilic species grows on small twigs or on large branches, sometimes forming large populations (often more than 20 individuals). Phenology: — Flowering June – July. Conservation status: — The IUCN Red List category is endangered [EN]. The extent of occurrence (EOO) of K. perezverae is estimated to be 265 km 2, which falls within the limits for endangered category under criterion B 1, and its area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated at about 16 km 2, which is within the limits for endangered category, likewise under criterion B 2. This species is restricted to the remaining forest and woodland of isolated mountain ranges in Guinea and Ivory Coast, and its distribution is thus extremely fragmented. Kylicanthe perezverae is known from two subpopulations, one of which is partly encompassed within legally protected areas (the Nimba Mountains World Heritage Site). These two subpopulations thus represent a total of three locations, below the threshold for endangered category under criterion B 2. Since the species is resistant to the frequent human-caused fires that regularly affect the sites where it occurs, the main threat it may face is habitat destruction due to road construction associated with the on-going exploration phase of mining projects at Nimba. Moreover, a decision to proceed with the planned mining activities would significantly increase the scope and intensity of impacts, thereby resulting in a higher level of threat. Although a decision to begin exploitation is currently on hold, such a project will result in loss of its habitat, which leads us to predict a continuous decline in the quality of its habitat, as well as of the number of subpopulations and mature individuals, and thus, also of its AOO. Kylicanthe perezverae is therefore assigned a preliminary status of EN B 1 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v) + 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE6426AEDEEFB8AA4F8FAD0.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The species epithet honours Francisco Pérez-Vera, a medical doctor by training, who contributed significantly to the orchid flora of Ivory Coast. Pérez-Vera was the first to collect this species, and a detailed description, a drawing and photographs of K. perezverae feature in his book on the orchids of Ivory Coast (Pérez-Vera, 2003), which is a definitive reference to the study of the Orchidaceae of the Upper Guinean forests. Notes: — This new species is depicted in Pérez-Vera (2003 p. 270, 281), under the name of Diaphananthe quintasii, with three pictures (flowers and plant in cultivation at Bouaké) and a description and a drawing. The slightly conical spur and the emarginate lip apex are easily observable on pictures and drawing, these features being diagnostic of this species. The only gathering from Ivory Coast that we were able to locate (Pérez-Vera 1123 / b) is now housed at the herbarium of the University of Granada (GDA), to which F. Pérez-Vera bequeathed his personal collection (Baena et al. 2008). Pérez-Vera (2003) cited this species from Mont Momi in Ivory Coast, but the associated specimen (Pérez-Vera 815) was not located at GDA. Additional specimens examined: — GUINEA. Nzérékoré: Nimba Range, SMFG iron ore mine concession, station métérologique de Château, on rocky outcrops, 7 ° 40 ’ 33 ” N 8 ° 22 ’ 45 ” W, 6 August 2012, Nimba shadehouse series 212 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 5 October 2011, Stévart, Bidault, Diabaté & Bilivogui 4064 (BRLU); Nimba, Seringbara, Camp 2, Nimba plot 7, 1,166 m, 07 ° 37 ’ 45 ” N 008 ° 25 ’ 08 ” W, 14 September 2017, Stévart et al. 5049 (BRLU, MO, SERG); Nimba, summit of Leae mountain, 843 m, 07 ° 39 ’ 13 ” N 008 ° 20 ’ 46 ” W, 22 September 2017, Stévart et al. 5077 (BRLU, MO, P, SERG). IVORY COAST. Montagnes: Mont Tonkoui, en culture à Bouaké, 16 August 1996, Pérez-Vera 1123 / b (GDA).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE44274EDEEFADEA7F7FC8C.taxon	description	13 December 1979, Reekmans 8464 (holotype: BR! [BR 0000008809629]; isotype K! [K 000306247]). Rhipidoglossum magnicalcar Szlachetko & Olszewski (2001: 860). Angraecopsis magnicalcar (Szlach. & Olszewski) Rice (2005: 19). Type: — GABON. Belinga, bord de piste, 500 m, s. d., Moungazi 230 (holotype: P! [P 04026599]). Epiphytic herbs. Roots numerous, basal on the stem, unbranched, greyish, 2 – 4 mm in diameter. Stem up to 55 mm long, 3 – 10 mm in diameter, unbranched, pendent to erect, internodes 2 – 5 mm. Leaves distichous, less than 10, narrowly obovate to narrowly elliptic sometimes falcate, tessellated, subcoriaceous, margins entire, apex unequally bilobate, most often with a distinctive notch, lobes obtuse to acute, 50.0 – 160.0 × 7.5 – 27.0 mm. Inflorescences usually 1 to 3, semi – pendent, emerging at the base of the stem, with up to 20 flowers, 30 – 300 mm long, floral internodes about 3 – 15 mm, rachis terete; bracts amplexicaul, 2 – 6 mm long. Flowers resupinate, cream to greenish – orange turning yellowish orange to orange in late anthesis, 7 – 11 mm in diameter; dorsal sepal elliptic, sometimes obovate, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 3.0 – 4.3 × 2.0 – 2.5 mm; lateral sepals obliquely elliptic, sublinear to linear, slightly keeled dorsally, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 1 – 5 - veined, 3.2 – 4.6 × 1.2 – 2.0 mm; angle between dorsal and lateral sepals about 120 ° but then with a torsion that places it at 180 ° to the dorsal sepal; petals elliptic linear, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 2.8 – 4.0 × 1.0 – 2.0 mm; lip ovate, margins entire, laterally compressed, bearing a callus, apex generally subacute, sometimes with a little notch, 3 – 7 - veined, 2.5 – 4.0 × 2.0 – 3.5 mm; lip callus, a small obtuse tooth in the mouth of the spur; spur more or less curved, downward projecting, roughly circular in cross section to dorsoventrally flattened, mouth slightly spreading, apex obscurely inflated, proximal part of the spur approximately parallel to the ovary, 6 – 11 mm long; ovary and pedicel 4.0 – 6.0 (8.0) × 0.8 – 1.5 mm. Column 2.0 – 3.0 × 1.5 – 2.5 mm; anther cavity approximately perpendicular to the axis of the column; stigmatic cavity cup-shaped, margins winged, 3 veins; rostellum triangular and bifid, about 1 mm long; pollinia 2, spherical; stipes 2, spatulate, connate along the apical third of their length, with a bulging outer margin, fringed, 1.0 – 1.6 mm long, connected to a single calceiform viscidium. Fruits ventricose, pedicellate.	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE44274EDEEFADEA7F7FC8C.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — Widespread in Central Africa, from São Tomé, Cameroon and Gabon east to the Albertine Rift, reaching western Uganda, also in Angola, up to 2,000 m (Fig. 3). Habitat and ecology: — Epiphytic in primary and secondary forest and plantations (e. g. coffee, avocado). Phenology: — Flowering September – April. Conservation status: — The IUCN Red List category is near threatened [NT]. The extent of occurrence (EOO) of K. quintasii is estimated to be 3,061,937 km 2, which falls above the limits for vulnerable category under criterion B 1, and its area of occupancy (AOO) is about 80 km 2, which falls within the limits for endangered category under criterion B 2. It is known from ten subpopulations in Central Africa, four of them occurring in protected areas. These 10 subpopulations represent 11 locations (sensu IUCN 2012), which fall just above the limits for the vulnerable category. However, the habitat of K. quintasii currently appears to be threatened in most of its distribution, the species occurring in dense humid forests, outside national parks, where there is no protection. Its survival in these areas could become threatened within the next ten years by shifting agriculture, selective logging and / or small-scale subsistence forest exploitation, a situation that justifies a preliminary risk of extinction assessment of NT.	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFE44274EDEEFADEA7F7FC8C.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The species epithet honours Francisco Joaquim Dias Quintas, who collected the type. He was a plant collector who made an important contribution to the study of the flora of São Tomé, working there as a correspondent of Júlio Henriques from the University of Coimbra (Carrisso 1934). Notes: — This is the species identified as Diaphananthe rohrii in the molecular phylogenetic study of Simo-Droissart et al. (2018). Kylicanthe quintasii is polymorphic in leaf and lip spur shape. Leaves vary greatly from almost linear to oblanceolate, but no geographical pattern can apparently be related to this variation. On the contrary, regarding spur morphology, there are geographically related differences in shape and length among different localities, with plants from São Tomé (including the type specimens) presenting a much more dorsoventrally flattened, curved and often much shorter spur than plants from the mainland. Kylicanthe quintasii (as Diaphananthe quintasii) was put in synonymy of Diaphananthe rohrii by Cribb (1989). However, both taxa can easily be distinguished by their divergent floral traits and apparently present non-overlapping distributions: K. quintasii occurs in Central Africa reaching western Uganda to the east and has cream, orange or yellowish-orange flowers with an inconspicuous lip callus at the entrance of the spur, whereas K. rohriii, confined to East Africa but reaching eastern Uganda to the west, has green to yellowish green flowers with a prominent lip callus at the entrance of the spur. Diaphananthe alfredii, regarded as a synonym of D. rohrii by Fischer et al. (2010), falls well within the variation of K. quintasii and refers to the plants from the Albertine Rift. Additionally, Rhipidoglossum magnicalcar, only known from the type from Gabon (Moungazi 230) deposited at P, is here first reported as a synonym of K. quintasii, agreeing well with the type from São Tomé Island and with material from Angola, Cameroon and the Albertine Rift. The only known records of D. quintasii / D. rohrii for the Central African Republic to which Govaerts et al. (2018) probably made reference, Harris & Fay 106 (P, MO), in addition to two specimens that have been cited for the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Évrard 4886 & 5096 (BR) by Geerinck (1992: 564), do clearly not correspond to K. quintasii. Actually, all these specimens agree well with D. plehniana (Schltr.) Schlechter (1918: 97) and represent a new addition to the flora of these two countries. Geerinck (1992) cited two other specimens of D. rohrii for the DRC, Évrard 4771 and Évrard 4049, but these correspond to undetermined species of Diaphananthe or Rhipidoglossum. Finally, an additional fruiting specimen from Angola (Gossweiler 10129) housed at COI may correspond to K. quintasii. Additional specimens examined: — SÃO TOMÉ AND PRÍNCIPE. São Tomé: São Nicolau, 12 September 1912, Watt 7332 (K); Parque Nacional Obô, plantation d’avocatiers, 830 m, 0 ° 17 ’ 30 ’’ N 6 ° 36 ’ 45 ’’ E, 2 October 1998, Stévart & Oliveira 207 (BRLU, K); Estação Sousa, 1,700 m, 0 ° 15 ’ N 06 ° 33 ’ E, 2 September 1997, Stévart 100 (BRLU); entre Mesa et Morro Vilela, 1,700 m, 0 ° 17 ’ N, 6 ° 33 E ‘, Stévart 130 (BRLU); near Morro Vilela, 1,167 m, 0 ° 17 ’ N, 6 ° 33 ’ E, 24 February 2008, Oliveira 1279 bis (BRLU!); Morro Vilela, 1,054 m, 20 September 2008, Oliveira 1518 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 24 October 2012, Bom Sucesso shadehouse series 483 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 816 – 977 m, 25 October 2012, Stévart, & Droissart 4708 & 4709 (BRLU, MO, P, WAG); Pico Grande (Pico de São Tomé), 0 ° 16.15 ’ N 6 ° 32.80 ’ E, 10 October 2009, Bom Sucesso shadehouse series 433 (BRLU); caminho de Macambrara, 1,380 m, 17 January 2008, Oliveira 1514 (BRLU!); entre Bom Sucesso et Zampalma – Macambara, 0 ° 16 ’ N 06 ° 36 ’ E, 30 September 1997, Stévart 183 (BRLU); Bom Sucesso vers Lagoa Amélia (sentier S. P, km 0,6), 1,300 m, 4 October 1997, Lejoly 97 - 363 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 2 October 1998, Stévart 215 (BRLU!); Lagoa Amélia, 1,430 m, 0 ° 17 ’ 00 ” N 6 ° 35 ’ 30 ” E, 4 July 1998, Stévart 383 (BRLU!); ibid. loc., 2 October 2009, Bom Sucesso shadehouse series 418 (BRLU); above Zampalma, 750 – 850 m, 22 March 1998, Brune ST 69 (K); Nova Ceilão, 0 ° 16 ’ 30 ” N 6 ° 35 ’ 30 ” E, 1 November 1998, Stévart 494 (BRLU, K). CAMEROON. Centre: Mbam-Minkom (région de, au NO de Yaoundé): inselberg et forêt sommitale, est / sud-est du village de Nkolakié, 900 m, 3 ° 58 ’ 10.38 ” N 11 ° 23 ’ 43.74 ” E, 13 September 2004, Yaoundé shadehouse series 114 (BRLU, YA); ibid loc., 31 August 2006, Yaoundé shadehouse series 424 (BRLU); ibid. loc., Yaoundé shadehouse series 662 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 29 September 2009, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1817 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 17 September 2010, Yaoundé shadehouse series 2385 (BRLU); Village de Nye-Meyong: à 900 m du campement vers le village Ekekam, 865 m, 3 ° 54 ’ 58.10 ” N 11 ° 22 ’ 34.54 ” E, 7 September 2008, Yaoundé shadehouse series 1282 (BRLU, YA). Mt Ngoro, entrée via le village de Nyadingi, 1,100 – 1,300 m, 5 ° 5 ’ 50.82 ” N 11 ° 19 ’ 46.16 ” E, 27 August 2012, Yaoundé shadehouse series 3774 (BRLU, YA); Ouest: Monastère de Koutaba, entre Bafoussam et Foumban, 1,164 m, 5 ° 38 ’ 51.65 ” N 10 ° 48 ’ 22.39 ” E, 21 August 2014, Yaoundé shadehouse series 5434 (BRLU); ibid. loc., 10 August 2015, Yaoundé shadehouse series 6281 (YA); ibid. loc., 23 August 2015, Yaoundé shadehouse series 6855 (WAG). ANGOLA. Cazengo: 1903, Gossweiler 733 (BM, K, P). DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO. Langa: 7 February 1974, s. col. s. n. (BRLU). UGANDA. Western Region: Bwamba pass, Toro, 2,440 m, 13 August 1938, Thomas 2358 (K). Budongo Forest, 22 April 1968, Leakey s. n. (K). RWANDA. Western: Cyamudongo Forest, 2,004 m, 2 ° 33 ’ 31.74 ” S 28 ° 58 ’ 59.10 ” E, 30 January 2018, Farminhão & Dumbo 245 (BRLU). BURUNDI. Rutana: Buruririv., Siguvyaye, 03 ° 57 ’ S, 29 ° 56 ’ E, 30 January 1992, Arbonnier 304 (BR).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFFA4275EDEEFC2AA561FC44.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — ETHIOPIA. Shewa: sine loc., s. d., Roth s. n. (holotype: K! [K 000306246]; isotypes: S! [S 07 - 6835], W! [W-Rchb. 0011369, scan]). Homotypic synonyms: — Angorchis rohrii (Rchb. f.) Kuntze (1891: 651). Diaphananthe rohrii (Rchb. f.) Summerhayes (1960: 140). Epiphytic herbs. Roots numerous, distributed basally, unbranched, greyish, 2 – 4 mm in diameter. Stem with a few leaves in a fan, up to 55 mm long, 3 – 10 mm in diameter, unbranched, pendent to erect, internodes 2 – 5 mm. Leaves distichous, less than 10, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, tessellated, margins entire, apex subequally bilobate without a clear notch, lobes obtuse to rounded, 63 – 123 × 10 – 17 mm. Inflorescences usually 1 to 3, semi – pendent, emerging at the base of the stem, with up to 15 flowers, 30 – 220 mm long, floral internodes about 3 – 15 mm, rachis terete; bracts amplexicaul, 2 – 6 mm long. Flowers resupinate, greenish to greenish – yellow, 9.5 – 12.5 mm in diameter; dorsal sepal elliptic, sometimes obovate, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 4.7 – 5.6 × 2.3 – 2.5 mm; lateral sepals obliquely elliptic sublinear to linear, slightly keeled dorsally, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 1 – 5 - veined, 4.6 – 5.5 × 1.7 – 2.0 mm; angle between dorsal and lateral sepals about 120 ° but then with a torsion that places it at 180 ° to the dorsal sepal; petals elliptic linear, apex obtuse to subacute, margins entire, 4.3 – 5.3 × 1.5 mm; lip broadly ovate, margins entire, spreading, with a callus, apex generally subacute, sometimes with a little notch, 3,5,7 - veined, 4 – 4.6 – × 3.2 – 4.0 mm; lip callus, a prominent raised tooth in the mouth of the spur; spur more or less curved, pendent, roughly circular in cross section, mouth slightly spreading, apex rounded and obscurely flattened, proximal part of the spur approximately parallel to the ovary, 10.0 – 13.5 mm long; ovary and pedicel 7.5 – 8.0 × 0.8 – 1.5 mm. Column 2.0 – 3.0 × 4.0 – 4.2 mm; anther cavity approximately perpendicular to the axis of the column; stigmatic cavity cup-shaped, margins winged, 3 veins; rostellum triangular, bifid, about 1 mm long; pollinia 2, spherical; stipes 2, spatulate, separate along their length, with a bulging outer margin, fringed, 1.0 – 1.6 mm long, connected to a single calceiform viscidium. Fruits ventricose, pedicellate.	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFFA4275EDEEFC2AA561FC44.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — Confined to East Africa, where it is known from the Ethiopian Highlands, Mount Elgon (Eastern Uganda and Kenya), the Aberdare Range (Kenya) and the Ngorongoro Crater (Tanzania), up to 3,000 m (Fig. 3). Habitat and ecology: — Epiphytic in primary and secondary forests. Phenology: — Flowering January – October. Conservation status: — The IUCN Red List category is vulnerable [VU]. The extent of occurrence (EOO) of K. rohrii is estimated to be over 218,068 km 2 (far exceeding the 20,000 km 2 upper limit for vulnerable category under the criterion B 1), whereas its minimal area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be 40 km 2, which falls within the limits for endangered category under the criterion B 2. Kylicanthe rohrii is an East African endemic and has been collected in four protected areas. This species is known from ten specimens representing nine subpopulations. These nine subpopulations represent a total of eight “ locations ” (sensu IUCN, 2012), exceeding the upper limit for endangered category, but falling within the limits for vulnerable category. We project that the on-going loss of its habitat will induce a decline in the number of subpopulations and mature individuals in the next ten years as well as a decline of its EOO and AOO. Kylicanthe rohrii is therefore assigned a preliminary status of VU B 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
F771D043FFFA4275EDEEFC2AA561FC44.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The species epithet commemorates Johannes Rudolf Roth (1815 – 1858), the collector of the type material, and it is actually based on a misspelling of the collector’s name. Dr. Roth, not ‘ Rohr’ as indicated by Reichenbach (1881), was the naturalist appointed to the 1841 – 1843 expedition to the Shewa region in Ethiopia led by Major William Cornwallis Harris (Harris 1844). Notes: — After being “ rediscovered ” by Summerhayes (1960), this species has been regarded as conspecific to K. quintasii but can be distinguished from the later by its rounded leaf apex with subequal lobes and slenderer flower pedicels (see K. quintasii for further discriminating characters). Kylicanthe rohrii is the only species of the genus recorded for East Africa. Fieldwork in further localities of the Kenyan and Tanzanian highlands, and possibly in the Imatong Mountains of South Sudan, should likely expand the range of this species. Additional specimens examined: — ETHIOPIA. Oromia: 9 miles east of Shashamane on Goba road, montane forest, 2,050 m, 3 June 1974 (flowered in cultivation in Addis Ababa, 18 June 1974), Ash 2522 (K); Entoto Hills above Addis Ababa, 1 July 2011, Edwards in Demissew 6978 (K). KENYA. Rift valley: Kitale District, March 1938, Cunningham-van Sommeren 36 (K); NE Elgon, May 1960, Tweedie 2015 (K); Nakuru – Thomson’s Falls, 10 km behind Dundori, 20 March 1978, Pfennig Pf. 1351 (K); Central: Aberdare Mts, Kinangop, 2,680 – 2,700 m, April 1938, Chandler 2386 (BR, K); S. Aberdare Mts., 28 January 1952, Archer 8 (K); .. UGANDA. Northern: Mt. Elgon Bulambuli, 14 July 1934, Snowden 921 (BM, K); Mt. Elgon, B? – Sasa Hut, 10 October 1962, C. L. O. R. 25 (K). TANZANIA. Arusha: Ngorongoro Crater S rim, road to Karatu 5 km before junction to Lemala, 2,350 m, 23 September 1977, Raynal 19229 (P, K [drawing]).	en	Descourvières, Pascal, Farminhão, João N. M., Dubuisson, Vincent Droissart Jean-Yves, Simo-Droissart, Murielle, Stévart, Tariq (2018): A new genus of angraecoid orchids (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) with highly distinctive pollinaria morphology, including three new species from tropical West and Central Africa. Phytotaxa 373 (2): 99-120, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.373.2.1
