identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
F7108794FFF6FF92FF50EC4EFE71347D.text	F7108794FFF6FF92FF50EC4EFE71347D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paratrigona intermedia Oliveira, Madella-Auricchio & Freitas 2020	<div><p>Paratrigona intermedia Oliveira, Madella-Auricchio &amp; Freitas, sp. nov. (Figures 1, 2)</p> <p>Paratrigona lineata; Camargo and Pedro, 2007 [partim]; Camargo and Pedro, 2013 [partim];</p> <p>Paratrigona lineata lineata; Camargo and Moure, 1994 [71–72, partim); Camargo and</p> <p>Moure, 1996 [partim].</p> <p>Holotype, ♀. HOLÓTIPO // MHNBA-MZUFBA 5.146 // Brasil, Ceará, Catalão, Betânia – Serra do Araripe, 07°27 ʹ 36.4”S, 39°25 ʹ 53.0”W, 27.xii.2007, n. 127, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.43139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.460111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.43139/lat -7.460111)">Ninho</a> no solo – solo queimado, Thiago Malhman Leg. (Figures 1, 2) (MHNBA).</p> <p>Paratypes, 10 ♀. PARÁTIPO // Favízia /05.873 // Brasil, Ceará, Catalão, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.43139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.460111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.43139/lat -7.460111)">Betânia – Chapada do Araripe</a>, 07°27 ʹ 36.4”S, 39°25 ʹ 53.0”W, 18.ix.2006, 11:30 h, Rede Entomológica, Thiago Malhman Leg. (MHNBA); PARÁTIPO // MHNBA-MZUFBA 5.147 // Brasil, Ceará, Catalão, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.43139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.460111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.43139/lat -7.460111)">Betânia – Serra do Araripe</a>, 07°27 ʹ 36.4”S, 39°25 ʹ 53.0”W, 27.xii.2007, n. 128, Ninho no solo – solo queimado, Thiago Malhman Leg. (MHNBA); PARÁTIPO // MHNBA- MZUFBA 5.148 // Brasil, Ceará, Catalão, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.43139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.460111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.43139/lat -7.460111)">Betânia – Serra do Araripe</a>, 07°27 ʹ 36.4”S, 39° 25 ʹ 53.0”W, 27.xii.2007, n. 129, Ninho no solo – solo queimado, Thiago Malhman Leg. (MHNBA); PARÁTIPO // MHNBA-MZUFBA 05.139 // Brasil, Ceará, Catalão, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.43139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.460111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.43139/lat -7.460111)">Betânia – Serra do Araripe</a>, 07°27 ʹ 36.4”S, 39°25 ʹ 53.0”W, 27.xii.2007, n. 119, 17:00, pousando na pele, Próx. ao ninho no barranco, Thiago Malhman/Márcia F. Ribeiro Legs. (MHNBA); PARÁTIPO // MHNBA-MZUFBA 5.145 // Brasil, Ceará, Catalão, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.43139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.460111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.43139/lat -7.460111)">Betânia – Serra do Araripe</a>, 07°27 ʹ 36.4”S, 39°25 ʹ 53.0”W, 27.xii.2007, n. 126, Ninho no solo – solo queimado, Thiago Malhman Leg. (MHNBA); PARÁTIPO // MHNBA-MZUFBA 5149 // Brasil, Ceará, Catalão, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.43139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-7.460111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.43139/lat -7.460111)">Betânia – Chapada do Araripe</a>, 07°27 ʹ 36.4”S, 39°25 ʹ 53.0”W, 27.xii.2007, n. 130, Ninho no solo – solo queimado, Thiago Malhman Leg. (MHNBA); PARÁTIPO // MHNBA-MZUFBA 5.143 // Brasil, Ceará, Jardim, Sítio Granja do Brejinho, 29.xii.2017, n. 124, 12:40, coletando pólen de mucuzeiro, Thiago Malhman Leg. (MHNBA); PARÁTIPO // MHNBA-MZUFBA 5.144 // Brasil, Ceará, Jardim, Sítio Granja do Brejinho, 29.xii.2017, n. 125, 12:40, coletando pólen de mucuzeiro, Thiago Malhman Leg. (MHNBA); PARÁTIPO // Favízia /05.872 // Brasil, Piauí, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-44.669167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.546111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -44.669167/lat -8.546111)">Bom Jesus</a>, 08º32´46´´S, 44º40´09´´W, 25.xi. 2015, 540 m de altitude, Projeto n. 573, Armadilha PANTRAP Branca, Cerrado sensu stricto mata – 900 m dentro da Mata, C. R.Madella- Auricchio Leg. (MHNBA); PARÁTIPO // UFC 05.398 // Brasil, Piauí, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-44.377804&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-9.049056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -44.377804/lat -9.049056)">Bom Jesus</a>, 09° 02 ʹ 56.6”S, 44°22 ʹ 40.1”W, 29.xi. 2015, 290 m de altitude, Projeto n. 621, Armadilha Odorífera com Eucaliptol, Caatinga, área Palmeirinha, C. R. Madella-Auricchio Leg. (CAUFC).</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>Paratrigona intermedia Oliveira, Madella-Auricchio &amp; Freitas, sp. nov. belongs to the lineata species group sensu Camargo and Moure (1994) recognised by the anterior margin of the mesoscutum with a gently rounded slope and with its surface uniformly matt and reticulated, absence of maculation on frons, genae, mesepisternum and metepisternum, antennal scape cylindrical, slightly wider, equal to or narrower than the width of F3 (not enlarged-flattened), the submarginal angle acute (less than 90°), malar space narrower than half the diameter of F3, elongated head, integumental colour predominantly blackish, with the yellow maculations on the body.</p> <p>The short-semicircular mesoscutellum, 0.50 and 0.51 times as long as wide, the paraocular yellow band not sinuous at the level of the antennal alveolus, and the scape narrower than the width of F3 make P. intermedia Oliveira, Madella-Auricchio &amp; Freitas sp. nov. morphologically closest to P. glabella, P. incerta, P. lineata and P. wasbaueri.</p> <p>The new species can be easily distinguished from P. lineata (Figures 3–5) by the visibly shorter and sparser pubescence on the face (Figure 1 (a)); the mesepisternal setae, which are considerably sparser and shorter (shorter than the antenna scape diameter) (Figures 1 (c), 2(a)); and the absence of long erect setae on the mesoscutum and disc of the mesoscutellum. Long erect setae are present only on the apical border of the mesoscutellum (on the dorsal surface restricted to the yellow marks, and on the posterior border and ventral surface more widely distributed) (Figure 1 (d)). It is most similar to P. glabella (Figure 6 (d,e)) and P. incerta (Figure 7), sharing with these species the lack of erect setae on the mesoscutum and disc of the mesoscutellum (Figures 1 (d), 3(d), 4(d), 5(c), 6(d,e), 7 (d)). It can be easily distinguished from P. glabella and P. incerta by the erect setae on the upper 2/3 of the mesepisternum (Figures 1 (c), 2(a)).</p> <p>Paratrigona intermedia Oliveira, Madella-Auricchio &amp; Freitas sp. nov. also resembles P. wasbaueri in the lack of erect setae on the mesoscutum and the presence of erect setae on the upper 2/3 of the mesepisternum. However, in P. wasbaueri the erect setae of the mesoscutellum are longer (about as long as the median ocellar diameter) and entirely cover the surface, as in P. lineata (Figures 3 (c), 4(d), 5(c)).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>Worker: Colour. Integument predominantly black, except: light yellowish on mandible, darker (brown) on base, contours and teeth; tegula, margins of middle and posterior basitarsi, and distitarsi honey-yellowish, tegula with yellow spot on disc of anterior half. Yellow maculations as follows: labrum, completely; scape except for brown band on dorsal surface; clypeus with large broad anchor-shaped spot occupying almost entire surface; supraclypeal entirely yellow; broad band in parocular area, widest below at tentorian pit and almost connected to clypeus spot, gradually narrowing upward and ending just below tangent of middle ocellus (Figure 1 (a)); pronotum dorsally with medially interrupted broad band (Figure 1 (b,d)); pronotal lobe with large yellow spot and translucent area on superior and inferior surfaces, near middle of margins (Figure 1 (b,d)); mesoscutum laterally with narrow band (about half width of median ocellar diameter) (Figure 1 (b,d)); entire dorsal surface of axilla (Figure 1 (b,d)); entire posterior border of mesoscutellum, with band slightly broader than on mesoscutum (Figure 1 (d)); tibiae basally (basal 1/5, spot slightly longer on posterior border) (Figures 1 (b), 2(b)); basitarsi of all legs brownish. Wing membrane hyaline and iridescent with weak purple-bluish-greenish reflections (Figure 1 (b,c)); veins and stigma brown, darker on veins of basal half, except basis; tegulae honey-yellowish with yellow spot in centre (Figure 1 (c,d)).</p> <p>Pubescence. Body covered with dense, minute, uniformly appressed, decumbent, simple whitish plumose hairs (similar to microvilli), with micro-plumose decumbent pilosity on face, surrounding antennal socket (Figure 1 (a)), on posterior border of pronotal lobe longer than face (Figure 1 (d)), dense and decumbent on mesepisternum, less than half as long as erect setae (Figures 1 (b–d), 2(a)). Long erect whitish setae present, as follows: labrum; inferior margin of mandible; very few between ocelli; vertex of head; hypostomal area; mesoscutellum, only on distal edge and ventral surface, with some on dorsal surface but restricted to yellow stripe (Figure 1 (d)); mesepisternum, superior surface (apical 2/3) (Figure 1 (c)), on ventral surface thicker and about 8–10 times longer than superior 2/3 (Figure 2 (a)); coxae and trochanters; sterna with longer setae, especially on first two sternites, about 2.5 times shorter than setae on ventral surface of mesepisternum; posterior border of mesoscutellum dorsally and ventrally (2–3 times longer than setae on superior surface of mesepisternum) (Figure 1 (d)); sides of propodeum with long (0.8 length of median ocellar diameter) semidecumbent plumose hairs, very dense, nearly obscuring entire integument, interspersed with semierect setae 3–4 times longer than superior surface of mesepisternum (length about equal to one ocellar diameter); inner surface of tarsi with yellowish to ferruginous setae; setae on terga shorter and semidecumbent, very dense on posterior border of terga and gradually longer towards metasoma apex.</p> <p>Sculpturing. Integument in general finely and densely punctate-tessellate, dull, as in other species of the genus, especially in the lineata group; propodeum with more marked sculpture than on rest of body, uniformly punctate-tessellate with smooth midline; sculpturing denser and dull on terga and more superficial on posterior tibiae.</p> <p>Structure. Total body length approximately 4.0 mm; forewing length 3.7 mm. Head slightly wider than long (1.5: 1.4 mm); inner orbits of compound eyes converging inferiorly (Figure 1 (a)); malar area (0.05 mm) almost half width of F3 (0.15 mm; F3 length 0.1 mm); clypeus 1.9 times broader than long (0.77: 0.4); interalveolar distance 1.2 times median ocellar diameter, about equal to alveolar diameter; alveolocular distance 1.3 times alveolar diameter; interocellar distance 1.8 times median ocellar diameter, 1.7 times longer than ocellocular distance; ocelloccipital about 1.1 times median ocellar diameter; scape 6.3 times longer than wide, narrower (1.2 times) than width of F3; pedicel about as long as broad, slightly shorter than first flagellomere; flagellomeres slightly broader than long, except apical flagellomere much longer than broad (1.8 times); compound eye 2.7 times longer than broad; genae 1.2 times narrower than compound eye in profile. Mesoscutum with anterior margin rounded, slightly broader than long (1.2 times), 2.76 times longer than mesoscutellum; mesoscutellum about twice as long as broad, broadly rounded on distal margin (short-semicircular sensu Camargo and Moure (1994); hind tibia 2.5 times longer than broad; hind basitarsus about twice as long as broad, strongly projecting on postero distal margin (Figure 2 (b)).</p> <p>Male and Queen: Unknown.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F7108794FFF6FF92FF50EC4EFE71347D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Oliveira, Favízia Freitas de;Madella-Auricchio, Cláudia Renata;Freitas, Breno Magalhães	Oliveira, Favízia Freitas de, Madella-Auricchio, Cláudia Renata, Freitas, Breno Magalhães (2020): A new species of Paratrigona Schwarz, 1938 from northeastern Brazil, with notes on the type material of Melipona lineata Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Anthophila: Apidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 54 (25 - 26): 1637-1659, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1819455, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2020.1819455
F7108794FFFCFF8DFE95EFC7FB0634AD.text	F7108794FFFCFF8DFE95EFC7FB0634AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paratrigona lineata (Lepeletier 1836) ' sensu Camargo and Moure 1994	<div><p>Paratrigona lineata (Lepeletier, 1836) (Figures 3–5)</p> <p>Melipona lineata Lepeletier, 1836, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes- Hyménoptères. Paris:</p> <p>Roret Vol. 1, 1–547 pp. [430; original description]. Trigona (Paratrigona) lineata; Moure,</p> <p>1943 [147; notes, geographic record]; Schwarz, 1938 [489; 492–494; 497; partim;</p> <p>taxonomic note, key, figures: worker, male, wing (plate 59, A, A’, B, B’; plate 60, C)];</p> <p>Trigona lineata; Cockerell, 1917 [127; partim; taxonomic note]; Schwarz 1932 [239, 259;</p> <p>citation]; Paratrigona (Paratrigona) lineata; Moure, 1951 [58; taxonomic notes]; Trigona</p> <p>(Paratrigona) lineata lineata; Schwarz, 1943 [4–6; key, taxonomic note], Schwarz, 1948</p> <p>[16, 171, 347, 348, 350–352, 354, 356–366, 370, 372, 374], 376, 377, 380, 383, 384,</p> <p>390–392, 397, 400, 402, 403, 408, 410; partim; nesting site citation, taxonomy, key,</p> <p>synonymy, diagnosis, geographic records, geographic range, description: male, figures:</p> <p>male, worker]; Paratrigona lineata; Camargo and Wittmann, 1989 [223; citation: nesting</p> <p>site as obligate subterranean]; Moure, 1990 [117; taxonomic note]; Camargo, 1996 [108,</p> <p>109, 110, 115, 119; partim; geographic range, biogeography, cladogram]; Camargo and</p> <p>Roubik, 2005 [33, 35–37, 40, 42; taxonomic characters, comparative notes, phylogeny];</p> <p>Camargo and Pedro, 2007 [424, partim; geographic record]; Camargo and Pedro, 2013</p> <p>[424, partim; online catalogue; geographic record]; Paratrigona lineata lineata;</p> <p>Camargo, 1988 [357; taxonomic notes; geographic records]; Camargo and Moure,</p> <p>1994 [33–40, 42, 44, 46, 58, 69–77, 79–82, 86–89, 91–93, 99, 100, 106; partim; biogeo-</p> <p>graphy, key, taxonomy, diagnosis, geographic records, geographic range, phylogeny,</p> <p>figures: worker, male); Camargo and Moure, 1996 [103, 110; partim; geographic range,</p> <p>biogeography].</p> <p>In the original description of Melipona lineata, Lepeletier (1836) did not mention how many specimens he included in the type material, mentioning only that the material was from Goiás State, Brazil [‘ Du Brézil: Capitainerie de Goyan’] and was deposited in the MNHP Collection [‘ Musée de France’]. We found two specimens in this collection (Figures 3, 4), both specimens bear identical labels (a small white rectangular label, with ‘Type’ handwritten in black ink, a white circular label with provenance data handwritten in black ink, and a cream-coloured square label printed with the phrase ‘ Sud de La Capit e de Goyaz’) (Figures 3 (f), 4(f)). One of the specimens has two additional labels: a small rectangular label with the name lineata handwritten in black ink and a larger label with the word ‘Lectotype’ printed on red paper (probably this red-printed label was added later by Dr. Jesus Santiago Moure, but there is no evidence to confirm this) (Figure 3 (f)).</p> <p>Camargo and Pedro (2007: 424) mentioned that the lectotype would have been designated by Moure (in litt., in 17.IV.1958), but both specimens deposited in the MNHP collection have no identification label added by Moure. They also stated that in his personal notes, Moure did not mention other type specimens besides the lectotype. In order to avoid future confusion about the identity of the type material, the specimen bearing the rectangular label with lineata handwritten in black ink and the larger lectotype red label had received an extra lectotype label printed on blue paper added by the first author of this article (Figure 3 (f)). The second type specimen also had added a paralectotype label printed in green paper (Figure 4 (f)).</p> <p>The lectotype characteristically has a broad anchor-shaped stain occupying the central area of the clypeus (Figure 3 (a)), with the labrum and mandibles completely yellowish (the mandibles brown contoured, especially at the apex); the supraclypeal area completely yellow; the parocular area with a wide yellow band, wider below until just before the tentorial pit and gradually narrowing upward; the scape yellow, with a brown band on the dorsal surface (Figure 3 (a)); the pronotum with a wide band, interrupted in the middle; narrow band on the laterals of the mesoscutum; the pronotal lobe yellow; the axillae yellow on the dorsal surface (Figure 3 (b–d)); the apical edge of the mesoscutellum with a broad band (Figure 3 (b–d)); and a yellow spot at the base of the anterior, middle and posterior tibiae (Figure 3 (b,e)). The specimen is very dirty, but it is possible to see the whitish pilosity on the mesosoma and head, and slightly more yellowish pilosity on the mesoscutum, especially the thicker setae.Relatively long setae are present on the entire mesoscutum (Figure 3 (c,d)); the entire dorsal surface of the mesoscutellum (Figure 3 (c,d)), including the apical border and ventral surface; as well as the entire surface of the mesepisternum.The metasoma is slightly more reddish than the head and the mesosoma, with the lower sides of T1 rather yellowish.The wing membrane is hyaline with a strongly iridescent lustre and brown veins (Figure 3 (b)); the tegules are yellowish with a translucent spot on the disc. The microreticulation is quite strong in the basal area of the propodeum; on the mesepisternum the microreticulation is visible but duller (matt) and covered with very short plumose pilosity interspersed with much longer yellowish setae.</p> <p>Lectotype measurements</p> <p>Approximate total length: 4.1 mm; head width: 1.8 mm; thorax width: 2 mm; Anterior wing length: 3.8 mm. The specimen is extremely dirty and very fragile, making other measurements impossible.</p> <p>Camargo and Moure (1994) mentioned that, as also in Moure’s personal notes, the type specimen of Melipona lineata Lepeletier, 1836 has erect setae on the entire surface of the mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and mesepisternum sides, a pattern also present in specimens from São Paulo and Minas Gerais (Figure 5 (b,c)), what was confirmed in our reanalysis of the lectotype.</p> <p>The paralectotype deposited at MNHP is doubtless a different species (Figure 4), which means that the type material is composed of two species. It has smaller facial markings (a longitudinal stripe in the middle of the clypeus and two small stripes on each side of the clypeus, as well as narrower parocular bands) (Figure 4 (a,b)). The mesoscutellum bears long erect setae only on the sides of the ventral surface (Figure 4 (d)), but these are much shorter than in the lectotype. This specimen also lacks long erect setae on the mesoscutum and on the upper 2/3 of the mesepisternum (Figure 4 (d)), differing from P. incerta only the reduction of stains on clypeus (possibly a variation).</p> <p>Also according to Camargo and Moure (1994), the specimens from northeastern Brazil, including Piauí (UruÇui-Una), Maranhão (Balsas, Fortaleza dos Nogueiras and S. Raimundo das Mangabeiras), Ceará (Tabuleiro do Norte), and Paraíba (Santa Luzia, Serra do Brandao), have a glabrous mesoscutum and the dorsal surface of the mesoscutellum (entire disc) with short but very evident erect setae only on the distal margin of the mesoscutellum and the sides of the mesepisternum. Therefore, based on these characters, the specimens that they considered a variation of Paratrigona lineata lineata are treated here as Paratrigona intermedia Oliveira, Madella-Auricchio &amp; Freitas sp. nov (Figure 8).</p> <p>In view of the geographic distribution and patterns of variation in specimens from northern, northeastern and southeastern Brazil, including those mentioned by Camargo and Moure (1994), we conclude that Paratrigona lineata (Lepeletier, 1836) sensu Camargo and Moure (1994) is a species repository, from which we separate Paratrigona intermedia Oliveira, Madella-Auricchio &amp; Freitas as a new species. As a consequence the new concept and distribution for P. lineata (P. lineata lineata) here are different than that assumed by Camargo and Moure (1994) and Camargo and Pedro (2013), being restricted, according to their geographical records, to Bolivia (Santa Cruz) and Brazil (Pará, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Mato Grosso, São Paulo, Paraná).</p> <p>Lectotype conservation state: very dirty specimen. The left middle tibia and following parts are glued to the pin. The specimen is missing the left posterior distitarsus from the second tarsus and the right posterior distitarsus from the first tarsus, and the entire flagellum of the left antenna. The right posterior wing is badly damaged at the lower margin.</p> <p>Key to species of Paratrigona (workers) from the lineata species group [Modified from Camargo and Moure (1994) and Gonzalez and Griswold (2011)]</p> <p>1 Anterior margin of mesoscutum a gently rounded slope and its surface uniformly matt and reticulated; absense of maculations on frons, genae (except for some small spots in some specimens of Paratrigona subnuda), mesepisternum and metepisternum (including epimerum); antennal scape not enlarged-flattened, cylindrical, slightly wider, equal to or narrower than width of F3; submarginal angle acute (less than 90°); malar space narrower than half the diameter of F3; head elongated..... 2 (lineata group)</p> <p>2(1) Mesoscutellum short-paraboloid, length about 0.55 times width; parocular yellow band usually sinuous at level of antennal alveolus.. Paratrigona nuda (Schwarz, 1943) Mesoscutellum short-semicircular, length 0.50 to 0.51 times width; parocular yellow band not sinuous at level of antennal alveolus........................................................................... 3 3(2) Scape narrower than width of F3............................................................................................. 4 Scape equal to or slightly wider than width of F3...................................................................... 8 4(3) Long erect setae relatively dense on upper front to vertex (Figure 5 (a)), disc of mesoscutum and upper 2/3 of mesepisternum (Figure 5 (c)) (Bolivia, northern Brazil south to Paraná)................................................................ Paratrigona lineata (Lepeletier, 1836) Long erect setae only surrounding ocelli (very few in some species) and vertex (Figures 1 (a), 6(a), 7(a)); disc of mesoscutum without long erect setae (Figures 1 (d), 6(e), 7(d)); upper 2/3 of mesepisternum with or without long erect setae............................................ 5 5(4) Upper 2/3 of mesepisternum with long erect setae, longer than decumbent plumose pubescence [Figures 1 (c), 2(a); and figure 9 of Gonzalez and Griswold (2011)]........................................................................................................................................................... 6 Upper 2/3 of mesepisternum without long erect setae (Figures 6 (c), 7(c))...................... 7 6(5) Erect setae on upper 2/3 of mesepisternum dense and long (at least half of median ocellar diameter) (figure 9 of Gonzalez and Griswold 2011); mesoscutellum dorsally with long erect setae (about as long as median ocellar diameter), including disc and distal half (figure 10 of Gonzalez and Griswold 2011); longest setae on mesoscutellum on yellow stripe (Paraguay)................ Paratrigona wasbaueri Gonzalez &amp; Griswold, 2011 Erect setae on upper 2/3 of mesepisternum fine, sparse and short (about 1/4 of median ocellar diameter) (Figure 1 (c)); setae on mesoscutellum short (longest setae about half of median ocellar diameter), restricted to distal margin and some on dorsal yellow stripe (Figure 1 (d)); longest setae on mesoscutellum on ventral surface (northeastern Brazil: Maranhão, Piauí, Paraíba and Ceará).......................................................................................................................... Paratrigona intermedia Oliveira, Madella-Auricchio &amp; Freitas, sp. nov 7(5) Mesoscutellum with erect setae on distal margin, including also some on dorsal surface adjacent bordering the distal margin (Figure 6 (d,e)); face with pale yellow maculations (Figure 6 (a)) (northern Argentina to Bolivia)............................................................................................................................................. Paratrigona glabella Camargo &amp; Moure, 1994 Mesoscutellum with erect setae on ventral surface only, absent on distal margin (Figure 7 (d)); face with bright-yellow maculations (Figure 7 (a)) (northern Minas Gerais, Brazil).................................................................................... Paratrigona incerta Camargo &amp; Moure, 1994 8(3) Scape distinctly broader (1.2–1.3 times) than width of F3 (Pará and Amazonas, Brazil).............................................................. Paratrigona crassicornis Camargo &amp; Moure, 1994 Scape about as broad as or slightly broader than width of F3 (southeastern Brazil).............................................................................................................. Paratrigona subnuda Moure, 1947 Malar area length about 2/3 width of F3; frontal maculation not distinctly broad above bifurcation; clypeus entirely yellow, at most darkened on disc (Amazonas, Brazil)............................................................................................ Paratrigona compsa Camargo &amp; Moure, 1994</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F7108794FFFCFF8DFE95EFC7FB0634AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Oliveira, Favízia Freitas de;Madella-Auricchio, Cláudia Renata;Freitas, Breno Magalhães	Oliveira, Favízia Freitas de, Madella-Auricchio, Cláudia Renata, Freitas, Breno Magalhães (2020): A new species of Paratrigona Schwarz, 1938 from northeastern Brazil, with notes on the type material of Melipona lineata Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Anthophila: Apidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 54 (25 - 26): 1637-1659, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1819455, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2020.1819455
