taxonID	type	description	language	source
F614CE57537BFFCFFF39DC29FCCAF821.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Paratullbergia concolor Womersley, 1930. Type locality: England.	en	Gao, Yan, Bu, Yun (2020): Description of a new species of Paratullbergia (Collembola, Tullbergiidae) from China with the report of an abnormal antenna. Zootaxa 4808 (1): 121-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.6
F614CE57537BFFCFFF39DC29FCCAF821.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Holarctic, China, India, South Africa, and Australia.	en	Gao, Yan, Bu, Yun (2020): Description of a new species of Paratullbergia (Collembola, Tullbergiidae) from China with the report of an abnormal antenna. Zootaxa 4808 (1): 121-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.6
F614CE575378FFC9FF39DB82FD6CFB3B.taxon	description	Figures 1 – 33, Tables 1, 2	en	Gao, Yan, Bu, Yun (2020): Description of a new species of Paratullbergia (Collembola, Tullbergiidae) from China with the report of an abnormal antenna. Zootaxa 4808 (1): 121-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.6
F614CE575378FFC9FF39DB82FD6CFB3B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: ♂, (slide No. SC- 2017011), Southwest China, Sichuan Province, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Region, Daocheng County, Xingmu town, 29 ° 03 ’ N 100 ° 30 ’ E, elev. 3500 m, soil samples from coniferous forest, 15 - VIII- 2017, C. W. Huang coll. Paratypes: 5 ♀ (slide Nos. SC- 2017006 – SC- 2017009), 2 ♂ (slide Nos. SC- 2017010, SC- 2017012), same data as holotype; 2 ♀ (slide Nos. SC- 2017001, SC- 2017002), Sichuan Province, Ganzi Region, Kangding City, Yala town, 30 ° 06 ’ N 101 ° 57 ’ E, elev. 3100 m, soil samples from mixed forest, 11 - VIII- 2017; 1 ♀ (slide No. SC- 2017005), Sichuan Province, Ganzi Region, Litang County, 29 ° 46 ’ N 100 ° 26 ’ E, elev. 3600 m, soil samples from coniferous forest, 13 - VIII- 2017; 2 ♂ (slide Nos. SC- 2017003, SC- 2017004), Sich- uan Province, Ganzi Region, Daocheng County, Mula town, 28 ° 44 ’ N 100 ° 16 ’ E, elev. 3900 m, soil samples from coniferous forest, 14 - VIII- 2017; 3 ♀ (slide Nos. SC- 2017013 – SC- 2017015), 1 ♂ (slide No. SC- 2017016), Sichuan Province, Ganzi Region, Derong County, Zhengdou town, 29 ° 08 ’ N 99 ° 35 ’ E, elev. 3480 m, soil samples from coniferous forest, 17 - VIII- 2017; 1 ♀ (slide No. SC- 2017017), Sichuan Province, Ganzi Region, Daofu County, 30 ° 40 ’ N 101 ° 17 ’ E, elev. 3550 m, soil samples from mixed forest, 23 - VIII- 2017; 2 ♀ (slide Nos. SC- 2017018, SC- 2017019), 1 ♂ (slide No. SC- 2017021), 2 juveniles (slide Nos. SC- 2017020, SC- 2017022), Sichuan Province, Ganzi Region, Danba County, 30 ° 36 ’ N 101 ° 40 ’ E, elev. 2940 m, soil samples under bushes, 23 - VIII- 2017, C. W. Huang coll. Holotype and most paratype specimens are deposited in Shanghai Natural History Museum (SNHM), except two paratypes (slide Nos. SC- 2017013, SC- 2017016) which are deposited in Shanghai Entomological Museum (SEM).	en	Gao, Yan, Bu, Yun (2020): Description of a new species of Paratullbergia (Collembola, Tullbergiidae) from China with the report of an abnormal antenna. Zootaxa 4808 (1): 121-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.6
F614CE575378FFC9FF39DB82FD6CFB3B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Paratullbergia chuana sp. nov. is characterised by the presence of one pair of pseudocelli on each segment of Th. I – Abd. V with a formula of 11 / 111 / 11111, the postantennal organ composed by 34 – 50 vesicles arranged in two rows, seta px present on Abd. IV, setae a 2 and a 4 on Abd. V as macrosetae, p 4 as mesoseta, and only a weakly differentiated sensillum p 3 on Abd. V.	en	Gao, Yan, Bu, Yun (2020): Description of a new species of Paratullbergia (Collembola, Tullbergiidae) from China with the report of an abnormal antenna. Zootaxa 4808 (1): 121-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.6
F614CE575378FFC9FF39DB82FD6CFB3B.taxon	description	Description. Adult body 0.97 mm long on average (0.82 – 1.18 mm, n = 21), holotype 0.96 mm. Dorsal setae well differentiated into micro- and macrosetae (Figs. 1, 7, 8). Granulations coarse, formed by secondary granules, 3.5 – 4.0 μm in diameter. Pso formula as 11 / 111 / 11111 from head to abdomen, 8 – 10 μm in diameter. Antennal base with pso of type III, composed by 3 – 4 ridges from one side only (Figs. 4, 11). Posterior head, thorax and Abd. I – V with pso of type II, composed of 10 – 12 ridges from two sides (Figs. 7, 8, 13 – 17). On Th. I pos set behind seta m 2, close to hind margin (Fig. 7). Th. II and III each with one pair of pso between setae p 3 / p 4 and closer to p 3 (Fig. 8); pos on Abd. I – III posterior to seta p 3 (Figs. 13 – 15), on Abd. IV close to and at the same level as seta p 3 (Fig. 16), on Abd. V between the border of Abd. V and VI (Fig. 17). Cephalic seta a 0 present (14 – 16 μm), two additional setae also present anteriorly, c 1 absent, oc 2 and sd 5 as macroseta, 23 – 40 μm (Figs. 2, 7). Postantennal organ narrow, 25 – 35 μm long and 5 – 7 μm wide, composed of 34 – 50 oblong vesicles arranged in two rows, 45 – 47 in holotype (Figs. 4 – 6). Labrum with 4 / 5 / 4 setae. Labium with 5 papilla, 6 apical guard setae, 6 proximal setae, 4 basomedian setae, and 5 basolateral setae (Fig. 3). Antenna (110 – 130 μm) shorter than head (140 – 165 μm), 150 μm in holotype. Antennal segment IV with five slightly thickened sensilla a – e, without basal heel; sensilla a, c, e long and curved toward inside, b straight and short, d thick and short, slightly curved (Fig. 9). Small microsensillum, subapical organite and one apical vesicle present. Antennal organ III (Fig. 9) consists of two small sensory rods concealed behind one large papilla and two thick sensory clubs bent toward each other, with four guard setae; one large ventral sensory club present (Fig. 10). Legs short, without clavate tibiotarsal hairs (Figs. 12, 21). Coxa, trochanter, femur and tibiotarsus with 3 / 7 / 7; 6 / 6 / 5; 10 / 10 / 10; 15 / 15 / 14 setae on Leg I, II and III respectively. Claw 20 – 25 μm long (Fig. 12), with distinct empo- dial appendage (4 – 5 μm). Anal spines robust, 26 – 35 μm long (Figs. 1, 18). Adult chaetotaxy given in Figs. 7, 8, 13 – 18, 22 – 27 and Table 1. Microsensilla present on Th. II – III, lateral sensilla 35 – 45 μm long (Fig. 8). Thorax with 0, 2, 2 ventral setae. Abd. I – III with 2 + 2 axial setae each, with setae m 3 and m 4 present (Figs. 13 – 15). Abd. IV with seta px, m 2 and m 3 present, p 4 as microseta (Fig. 16). Abdominal segment V (Fig. 17) with sensillum p 3 slightly differentiated, 30 – 45 μm in length; seta a 2 (33 – 55 μm) and a 4 as macroseta (30 – 50 μm), p 4 as mesoseta (17 – 30 μm). Crescentic ridges on abdominal segment VI present (Fig. 18). Ventral tube with 4 + 4 apical setae and 2 + 2 basal setae (Figs. 19, 20). Number of ventral setae on Abd. II, III and IV variable, with 20 – 22, 22 – 23, and 26 – 28 setae respectively (Figs. 22 – 24). Female genital plate with 5 + 5 pre- genital setae, 8 – 11 circumgenital setae, one pair of eugenital setae and 2 pairs of post-genital setae (Fig. 26). Male genital plate with 18 – 30 circumgenital setae, 5 + 5 pregenital setae and 2 pairs of post-genital setae. (Fig. 25). Anal lobes with both setae 12 ’ and l 3 ’ present (Fig. 27).	en	Gao, Yan, Bu, Yun (2020): Description of a new species of Paratullbergia (Collembola, Tullbergiidae) from China with the report of an abnormal antenna. Zootaxa 4808 (1): 121-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.6
F614CE575378FFC9FF39DB82FD6CFB3B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Sichuan).	en	Gao, Yan, Bu, Yun (2020): Description of a new species of Paratullbergia (Collembola, Tullbergiidae) from China with the report of an abnormal antenna. Zootaxa 4808 (1): 121-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.6
F614CE575378FFC9FF39DB82FD6CFB3B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species is named after “ Chuan ”, the abbreviated name of “ Sichuan ” in Chinese.	en	Gao, Yan, Bu, Yun (2020): Description of a new species of Paratullbergia (Collembola, Tullbergiidae) from China with the report of an abnormal antenna. Zootaxa 4808 (1): 121-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.6
F614CE575378FFC9FF39DB82FD6CFB3B.taxon	description	Variation. The chaetotaxy on tergite of Abd. IV is often variable: both m 2 and m 3 setae present in 11 adults (including holotype) (Fig. 16), with only m 3 seta present in 9 adults and 1 juvenile (Figs. 28, 29), and both m 2 and m 3 absent in 1 adult and 1 juvenile (Fig. 30). Since the m row setae appear during ontogenesis, we described the present new species based on the fully matured individuals. In 6 individuals (slide Nos. SC- 2017017 – SC- 2017022) from two close localities, seta p 4 on both Abd. IV and V are macrosetae and much longer than in the specimens from other localities (Figs. 29 – 31), 36 – 40 and 30 – 35 μm respectively, which might reflect a variation between two populations. A malformed antenna was observed in one adult individual (slide No. SC- 2017008) (Figs. 32, 33), This antenna has only two segments, the second one having about 12 sensory clubs and 15 normal setae irregularly inserted dorsally (Fig. 33). This could have been caused by a fault in development or incomplete regeneration after damage.	en	Gao, Yan, Bu, Yun (2020): Description of a new species of Paratullbergia (Collembola, Tullbergiidae) from China with the report of an abnormal antenna. Zootaxa 4808 (1): 121-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.6
F614CE575378FFC9FF39DB82FD6CFB3B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Paratullbergia chuana sp. nov. is the third Chinese species of the genus. It can be easily distinguished from P. changfengensis Bu & Gao, 2015 and P. qilianensis Bu & Gao, 2019 by the pseudocelli pattern: 11 / 111 / 11111 in P. chuana sp. nov., 11 / 122 / 11111 in other two species. According to the latest key by Bu and Gao (2015), it is similar to P. caroli Luciáñez, Ruiz & Simón, 1991 from Spain in having similar numbers of vesicles on PAO, but differs in the pseudocelli pattern (11 / 011 / 10011 in P. caroli) and in the chaetotaxy of Abd. IV (setae m 2 and m 3 present in P. chuana sp. nov. vs. without m setae in P. caroli). It is also related to P. indica Salmon, 1965 from India in having 1 + 1 pseudocelli on Abd. I – V, but differs in the pseudocelli on Th. I (present in P. chuana sp. nov. vs. absent in P. indica) and the number of vesicles of PAO (34 – 50 in P. chuana sp. nov. vs. 22 – 24 in P. indica). (Table 2). Discussion. The genus Paratullbergia has a similar habitus to Mesaphorura, and contains 11 species occurring in the Holarctic, China, India, South Africa and Australia. Six species: P. concolor Womersley, 1930, P. macdougalli Bagnall, 1936, P. callipygos (Börner, 1902), P. changfengensis Bu & Gao, 2015, P. qilianensis Bu & Gao, 2019 and P. chuana sp. nov. have a relative large, robust body (maximum 1.2 mm), and coarse cuticular granules; while the remaining five species are small with delicate body (maximum 0.7), and fine cuticular granules. The numbers and shapes of pso on thorax and abdomen, as well as the chaetotaxy on Abd. IV and V are very informative for species definition in this genus. The species of the Paratullbergia have been found in diverse habitats, from rotten logs in coniferous and broadleaf forest, meadow, to coastal dunes associated with plant roots (Dunger & Schlitt 2011). In China, P. changfengensis is only found at low density in a Park of Shanghai City, while P. qilianensis and P. chuana sp. nov. occur in natural forest of high altitude (more than 3000 m) with relatively large populations. It seems different species are adapted to different environments. Spores and mycelium fragments of soil fungi can be recognised in their gut contents, which indicates that they are fungivorous.	en	Gao, Yan, Bu, Yun (2020): Description of a new species of Paratullbergia (Collembola, Tullbergiidae) from China with the report of an abnormal antenna. Zootaxa 4808 (1): 121-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.6
