identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
954A5C32D3E85DB7AB5B16CAA4B192A8.text	954A5C32D3E85DB7AB5B16CAA4B192A8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthoseira hawaiiensis Danz & Kociolek	<div><p>Orthoseira hawaiiensis Danz &amp; Kociolek</p><p>Fig. 1</p><p>Material used.</p><p>Sample 110 (Karkar Island, Village of Mom, Papua New Guinea).</p><p>LM description.</p><p>Frustules cylindrical in girdle view, usually solitary. Valves disc-shaped. Valve dimensions (n = 15): diameter 13-30 μm, mantle height 5.0-7.5 µm . Valve surface flat, sloping abruptly at the valve face/mantle junction, visible in LM as a darker circular edge. Central area small, maximum 1/4 to 1/5 of the total valve diameter, rounded. Three (very rarely 2) large, rounded carinoportulae present, number constant irrespective of the valve diameter. Valve face areolae small, arranged in radiate, uniseriate striae of variable length, 18-24 in 10 μm . Striae often branching near the valve margin. Short, irregular ridges present, scattered over the entire valve face, visible at different focal level (Fig. 1A). Presence of caverns along the edge of the mantle, visible as regular, darker areas, 5-7 per valve. Figure 1A-D.</p><p>SEM description.</p><p>Cingulum composed of several broad, open, ligulate copulae, perforated with at least 5-7 parallel rows of very small pores (Fig. 1E-G). Valvocopula with thin, broad extensions, covering plate-like the valve interior (Fig. 1F, M). Mantle shallow (Fig. 1E, G), occasionally with a clear step halfway the valve mantle (Fig. 1E). Advalvar part of the mantle with regular striation pattern. Mantle striae composed of up to 10 areolae, 22-25 in 10 µm (Fig. 1E, G). Valve face flat. Central area hyaline, small. Three (rarely two, see Fig. 1E) carinoportulae visible with raised, irregularly shaped, cylindrical collar (Fig. 1H, I), occasionally obscured by a plate-like covering (Fig. 1H). Valve face entirely covered by an often network-like raised pattern of ridges (Fig. 1E, H-J). Halfway between valve edge and centre, several much denser groupings of short and longer ridges present, regularly placed in a ring around the central area (Fig. 1E, H-J). Striae uniseriate, composed of small, rimmed areolae (Fig. 1J). Short, thick acute marginal spines present at the valve face/mantle junction (Fig. 1E, G). Marginal pore fields present (Fig. 1E, G). Areolae covered in the valve interior by individual hymenate vela (Fig. 1K, L). Carinoportulae pit-like, visible as large, rounded depressions, filled with irregular siliceous outgrowths (Fig. 1K, L). Between the carinoportulae, several long slits present, arranged in a star-shaped manner (Fig. 1L). Internal caverns visible as shallow depressions on the valve face/mantle junction (Fig. 1K). Figure 1E-M.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/954A5C32D3E85DB7AB5B16CAA4B192A8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia;Van de Vijver, Bart	Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia, Van de Vijver, Bart (2024): The genus Orthoseira (Orthoseiraceae, Bacillariophyta) in Papua New Guinea with the description of two new species. Plant Ecology and Evolution 157 (2): 113-124, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.115801, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.115801
30E387D45594547592F90F2A480CF0DE.text	30E387D45594547592F90F2A480CF0DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthoseira iserentantii Kochman-Kedziora & Van de Vijver 2024	<div><p>Orthoseira iserentantii Kochman-Kedziora &amp; Van de Vijver sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Mont Wilhelm, Papua New Guinea, 9 Apr. 1987, leg. M. Fagnant.</p><p>Type.</p><p>Mont Wilhelm, Papua New Guinea, sample 17; holotype: slide BR-4817, BR; the valve representing the type is illustrated here in Fig. 3F; isotype: slide 433, University of Antwerp, Belgium .</p><p>Registration.</p><p>http://phycobank.org/104292</p><p>LM description.</p><p>Frustules cylindrical in girdle view. Valves disc-shaped. Valve dimensions (n = 20): diameter 8.0-21.5 μm, mantle height 5.0-7.5 µm . Valve face flat, sloping abruptly at the valve face/mantle junction, visible in LM as a darker circular edge. Central area very small, maximum 1/5 of the total valve diameter, irregular in shape. Three large, rounded carinoportulae present, number constant irrespective of the valve diameter. Between the carinoportulae scattered areolae present. Striae on the mantle long, uniseriate, ca 24 in 10 μm . Valve face areolae small, arranged in radiate, uniseriate striae, 20-22 in 10 µm . Caverns, internal undulations or internal valves not observed. Figure 3A-G.</p><p>SEM description.</p><p>Cingulum composed of open, ligulate girdle bands bearing several, often incomplete, rows of large, rounded poroids (Fig. 3H-I). Parallel, uniseriate series of rounded, fairly large areolae present on the valve mantle, ca 24 in 10 µm . Often a clear step present halfway the valve mantle (Fig. 3J). Valve face flat, plate-like structures, irregular in shape, surrounding the entire valve face (Fig. 3K, L). Plate-like structures lacking perforations become linking plates, continuing onto the mantle as weakly raised, sometimes bifurcated ridges, flattening in the middle of the mantle height (Fig. 3H, J-L). Irregular pattern of smaller siliceous ridges, varied in length, present in the central part of the valve face, also between carinoportulae (Fig. 3L, N). Usually three carinoportulae surrounded by a siliceous collar present in very small pore-free central area (Fig. 3L, N). Striae radial composed of rounded areolae. Striae between ridges continuing on the mantle (Fig. 3H, K). Internally areolae appearing as small poroids with irregular caltrop-like structure inside (Fig. 3M, O, P). Slit-like openings present between the areolae (Fig. 3P). Carinoportulae unoccluded, ornamented with small granules (Fig. 3O). Between the carinoportulae, three long slits present (Fig. 3O), arranged in a star-shaped manner. Internal caverns not observed. Figure 3H-P.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species is named in honour of our (retired) colleague Dr Robert Iserentant (UCL, Belgium) to honour his life-long career as a diatom scientist.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/30E387D45594547592F90F2A480CF0DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia;Van de Vijver, Bart	Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia, Van de Vijver, Bart (2024): The genus Orthoseira (Orthoseiraceae, Bacillariophyta) in Papua New Guinea with the description of two new species. Plant Ecology and Evolution 157 (2): 113-124, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.115801, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.115801
2F93B8D87EE75485A394F5A35654B6F6.text	2F93B8D87EE75485A394F5A35654B6F6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthoseira papuensis Kochman-Kedziora & Van de Vijver 2024	<div><p>Orthoseira papuensis Kochman-Kedziora &amp; Van de Vijver sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 4</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Boisa Island, Papua New Guinea, sample 158, 4°00 ’00” S, 144°57 ’30” E, elev. 20 m a.s.l., 30 Dec. 1989, leg. R. Iserentant.</p><p>Type.</p><p>Boisa Island, Papua New Guinea , sample 158; holotype: slide BR-4818, BR; the valve representing the type is illustrated here in Fig. 4F; isotype: slide 434, University of Antwerp, Belgium .</p><p>Registration.</p><p>http://phycobank.org/104293</p><p>LM description.</p><p>Frustules cylindrical in girdle view, connected to each other forming short chains (Fig. 4G, H). Valves disc-shaped. Valve dimensions (n = 20): valve diameter 6.5-23.0 μm, mantle height 8.0-9.5 µm . Valve face flat, sloping abruptly at the valve face/mantle junction, visible in LM as a darker circular edge. Central area small, maximum 1/4 of the total valve diameter, irregular in shape. Three to four large, rounded carinoportulae present. Between the carinoportulae scattered areolae present. Striae on the mantle long, uniseriate, 22-24 in 10 μm . Valve face areolae rather small, arranged in radiate, uniseriate striae, 16-22 in 10 µm . Caverns, internal undulations or internal valves not observed. Figure 4A-H.</p><p>SEM description.</p><p>Valve face flat, striae radial composed of round rimmed areolae (Fig. 4L). Near the valve edge, areolae slightly larger (Fig. 4I-K). Irregular pattern of small siliceous curving ridges, of variable length and shape, present over the entire valve face, including between the carinoportulae. Several (3-4) carinoportulae in the central area, surrounded by irregular siliceous circular ridges (Fig. 4J, L), often obscured by plate-like coverings (Fig. 4I, K). Small acute spines irregularly scattered along the valve face/mantle junction, occasionally absent (Fig. 4I, K, M). Mantle very deep composed of two parts, advalvar with areolae organised in parallel, uniseriate series, 22-24 in 10 µm, located between weakly raised ridges. Ridges flattering in the middle of the mantle, followed by a hyaline, non-perforated abvalvar part (Fig. 4M, O). Internally areolae occluded with individually hymenate vela (Fig. 4N). Carinoportulae pit-like, formed by large rounded foramina, filled with siliceous plug (Fig. 4N). Between the carinoportulae, three long slits present (Fig. 4N), arranged in a star-shaped manner. Internal caverns not observed. Cingulum composed of broad, open, ligulate girdle bands, perforated with a large number of scattered poroids, irregularly organised in parallel series (Fig. 4M, O). Figure 4I-O.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet " Orthoseira papuensis " refers to the geographic locality where the new species was found.</p><p>Ecology and associated diatom species</p><p>All samples used in this study were collected from terrestrial mosses with a varying degree of moisture content. Sample 17 was taken from wet Hypnum mosses on trunks of several Ericaceae bushes. Water squeezed out of the mosses had a pH of 5.4. The sample, used for the description of O. iserentantii, is dominated by several Eunotia species with the most abundant one showing a high similarity to E. sphagnicola Van de Vijver, A.Mertens &amp; Lange-Bert., Stauroneis obtusa Lagerst., and Humidophila cf. potapovae R.L.Lowe, Kociolek &amp; Q.You. This diatom flora, although rather species-poor, is commonly found in wet acidic terrestrial mosses. The second sample in this study, sample 110, was collected on Karkar Island, a small (total area 360 km2) island in the Bismarck Sea, close to the coast of Papua New Guinea. The diatom composition in the sample is rather species poor and contains almost exclusively species from the genera Humidophila (mainly H. paracontenta var. magisconcava (Lange-Bert.) R.L.Lowe, Kociolek, J.R.Johans., Van de Vijver, Lange-Bert. &amp; Kopalová), Luticola ( L. cf. isabellae Metzeltin &amp; Levkov and L. acidoclinata Lange-Bert.), Pinnularia (mainly an unknown species from the P. borealis Ehrenb. group), and Hantzschia (such as H. amphioxys (Ehrenb.) Grunow in Cleve and Grunow 1880). These genera are very typical in dry to moist, terrestrial (= aerophytic) environments (Lange-Bertalot et al. 2017). Samples 156 and 158 were collected on a second Papuan island, Boisa Island, a very small (total area 1.29 km2), flattened volcanic islet located not far from Karkar Island. Both samples contain large populations of several Humidophila species ( H. paracontenta var. magisconcava in sample 156, H. cf. potapovae in sample 158), Luticola (mainly L. acidoclinata but also L. hustedtii Levkov, Metzeltin &amp; A.Pavlov), Hantzschia cf. amphioxys, and Pinnularia ( Pinnularia borealis -group). Sample 156 is dominated by Orthoseira tropica, whereas sample 158 is characterised by a larger population of O. papuensis . Given the subtle difference in sample description between both samples (156 from slightly wet mosses, 158 from rather dry mosses), this may indicate that O. tropica prefers wetter (or at least more moist) conditions and O. papuensis is mainly found in drier circumstances. More samples will have to be analysed to determine the exact ecological preferences of each species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F93B8D87EE75485A394F5A35654B6F6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia;Van de Vijver, Bart	Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia, Van de Vijver, Bart (2024): The genus Orthoseira (Orthoseiraceae, Bacillariophyta) in Papua New Guinea with the description of two new species. Plant Ecology and Evolution 157 (2): 113-124, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.115801, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.115801
CDE5571BE15B5BC8A8B2D3EE6ACB0124.text	CDE5571BE15B5BC8A8B2D3EE6ACB0124.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orthoseira tropica (Krasske) (Krasske) Metzeltin & Lange-Bert.	<div><p>Orthoseira tropica (Krasske) Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bert.</p><p>Fig. 2</p><p>Melosira roeseana var. tropica Krasske, 1948 (basionym), Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 42: 422, fig. 1: 1-2 (Krasske 1948).</p><p>Orthoseira roeseana var. tropica (Krasske) Lange-Bert. &amp; Willmann in Lange-Bertalot et al. (1996).</p><p>Material used.</p><p>Sample 156 (Boisa Island, Papua New Guinea).</p><p>LM description.</p><p>Frustules short, cylindrical in girdle view, connected to each other with spines forming short chains (Fig. 2F). Valves disc-shaped. Valve dimensions (n = 15): diameter 9.5-39.0 μm, mantle height 5-14 µm . Valve surface flat, sloping abruptly at the valve face/mantle junction, visible in LM as a darker circular edge. Spiraling to straight thick, siliceous ridges extending from the valve edge to almost 2/3 onto the valve face, leaving only a small central area. Central area small, maximum 1/4 to 1/5 of the total valve diameter, irregular in shape, hyaline in the middle, surrounded by short series of scattered areolae. Three large, rounded carinoportulae present, number constant irrespective of the valve diameter. Striae on the mantle short, uniseriate, composed of rather large areola, located between the ridges, 16-18 in 10 μm . Valve face areolae rather small, arranged in irregular uniseriate striae, ca 22 in 10 µm . Caverns, internal undulations or internal valves not observed. Copulae number variable. Figure 2A-F.</p><p>SEM description.</p><p>Cingulum composed of several broad, open copulae. One complete and one incomplete rows of small poroids present on the copulae (Fig. 2 G-I). All copulae open bearing a long ligula and fimbriate edge (Fig. 2G-I). Mantle rarely shallow (Fig. 2J), usually deep (Fig. 2H), occasionally with a clear step halfway the valve mantle (Fig. 2H). Advalvar mantle edge with several irregular series of small areolae (Fig. 2G, J). Abvalvar edge broad, hyaline. Marginal pore fields absent. Platelike ridges extending from the valve face onto the advalvar edge of the mantle. Areolae visible between the ridges (Fig. 2G, H). Valve face flat in the central part surrounded by a ring of spiralling to straight, platelike linking structures, radially arranged on the valve face/mantle junction (Fig. 2J). Between the plates, up to three series of areolae present. Central area hyaline surrounded by scattered areolae. Three carinoportulae visible, each surrounded by a low, cylindrical collar (Fig. 2J-K). Areolae covered in the valve interior by individual hymenate vela (Fig. 2L, M). Carinoportulae pit-like, visible as large, rounded depressions, filled with siliceous plug (Fig. 2M). Between the carinoportulae, three long slits present (Fig. 2M), arranged in a star-shaped manner. Internal caverns not observed. Figure 2G-M.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CDE5571BE15B5BC8A8B2D3EE6ACB0124	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia;Van de Vijver, Bart	Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia, Van de Vijver, Bart (2024): The genus Orthoseira (Orthoseiraceae, Bacillariophyta) in Papua New Guinea with the description of two new species. Plant Ecology and Evolution 157 (2): 113-124, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.115801, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.115801
