identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
F910AB10A11EFFC71671FAA357DAF992.text	F910AB10A11EFFC71671FAA357DAF992.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lachesana Strand 1932	<div><p>Genus Lachesana Strand, 1932</p><p>Type species</p><p>Lachesis perversa Audouin, 1826 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>For genus diagnosis, refer to Jocqué (1991).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A11EFFC71671FAA357DAF992	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A11EFFC3161AF95A56C1F8F8.text	F910AB10A11EFFC3161AF95A56C1F8F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lachesana gavishae Shafaie & Pekar 2025	<div><p>Lachesana gavishae Shafaie &amp; Pekár sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E314B50D-8742-4003-BC4B-13F516A87F71</p><p>Figs 1–3, 106; Tables 1–2</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>The male of L. gavishae sp. nov. resembles those of L. perseus Zamani &amp; Marusik, 2021 in the general shape of the retrolateral tibial apophysis, and L. insensibilis Jocqué, 1991 in the bulb details and the mesoproximal spines on the cymbium. However, the new species can be distinguished from the former species by (1) the presence of spines on the mesoproximal part of cymbium (vs absent, cf. Fig. 2 A, D and Zamani &amp; Marusik 2021: fig. 3h, j); and (2) the uniformly pale and patternless abdomen (vs with distinct pattern, cf. Fig. 1 A and Zamani &amp; Marusik 2021: fig. 1e). The new species can be distinguished from L. insensibilis by having at least 1.5 times as many spines on each leg (e.g., leg IV, 53 in L. gavishae vs 20 in L. insensibilis) and the absence of a scutum (Fig. 1A). In addition, the new species might be distinguished from all other species of Lachesana by the smallest body size (7.8 mm vs &lt;9.8 mm) and by the retrolateral tibial apophysis with a rather short and pointed tip (Fig. 2C, G). The female can be distinguished from those of other congeners by a heart-shaped epigynal plate with large lobes that are strongly chitinized anterolaterally (Fig. 3A, C) (vs not heart-shaped), as well as by a unique form of spermathecae, comprising a slightly divergent, upward-sloping straight spermathecal stalk ending in a convergent, globular spermathecal head (vs a cylindrical head in L. rufiventris Simon, 1873; exclusively divergent in L. tarabaevi Zonstein &amp; Ovtchinnikov, 1999; cf. Fig. 3B, and Levy 1990: fig. 19 and Zonstein &amp; Ovtchinnikov 1990: fig. 4, respectively).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The new species is named in honor of our Israeli colleague, Efrat Gavish-Regev.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ISRAEL • ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.739&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.007" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.739/lat 31.007)">Negev Desert</a>, Mashabim; 31.007° N, 34.739° E; 27–30 Mar. 2007; S. Pekár and S. Hénriques leg.; sand; HUJINV-Ar 21312.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>ISRAEL • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 20 Mar. 2007; HUJINV-Ar 21313, HUJINV-Ar 21314 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>ISRAEL • 1 ♀, 9 juv.; same collection data as for paratypes; CMU • 1 juv.; same collection data as for paratypes; 27–30 Mar. 2007; S. Pekár and S. Hénriques leg.; CMU • 3 juv.; same collection data as for paratypes.; 4 Apr. 2009; J. Král leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 1A–B, E–F). Carapace yellow; chelicerae, mouthparts, sternum, and spinnerets pale; labium arrow-shaped and considerably longer than wide; gnathocoxae 1.5 times as long as labium. Chelicerae mesally densely covered with brown setae. Legs entirely dirty yellow except for ventrally pale coxae; legs with 214 spines (Table 1). Abdomen dirty yellow on both sides, without scutum.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 7.85; carapace 4.4 long, 2 wide at pars cephalica, 3.15 wide at pars thoracica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.19, ALE: 0.12, PME: 0.15, PLE: 0.17, AME–AME: 0.04, AME– ALE: 0.06, ALE–ALE: 0.37, PME–PME: 0.06, PME–PLE: 0.19. Legs: I 13.55 (4.25, 1.56, 3.12, 2.81, 1.81), II 14.68 (3.81, 1.5, 3.06, 4.06, 2.25), III 13.33 (4.06, 0.09, 1.94, 4.87, 2.37), IV 16.47 (4.68, 1.75, 2.93, 5.68, 1.43). Palp: 4.1 (1.6, 0.7, 0.5, 1.3).</p><p>PALP (Fig. 2A–G). RTA distally oblique, both pro/retrolateral edges parallel, dorsal part tapering bladelike; RTA about 0.6 times as long as tibia, widest part over 3 times as wide as stalk. Cymbium with spines on mesoproximal side; bulb 1.5 times as long as wide. Embolus filamentous, embolar base large, about half the length of tegulum.</p><p>Female (paratype HUJINV-Ar 21313)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 1C–D). Carapace yellow anteriorly, pale posteriorly; chelicerae yellowish-orange covered by black setae. Mouthparts, sternum and abdomen similar to those in male; gnathocoxae triangular shield-shaped, yellow proximally and pale distally. Carapace and abdomen without pattern. Spinnerets pale proximally and dirty yellow distally. Legs entirely yellow, with 97 spines (Table 2).</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 10.95; carapace 5.4 long, 2.4 wide at pars cephalica, 3.52 wide at pars thoracica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.15, ALE: 0.12, PME: 0.12, PLE: 0.13, AME–AME: 0.06, AME–ALE: 0.09, ALE–ALE: 0.46, PME–PME: 0.09, PME–PLE: 0.34. Legs: I 12.8 (4.1, 1.9, 2.9, 2.4, 1.5), II 12.5 (4.7, 1.8, 2.1, 2.5, 1.4), III 11.3 (3.3, 1.8, 1.5, 3, 1.7), IV 14.1 (3.9, 1.8, 2.5, 3.9, 2).</p><p>EPIGYNE (Fig. 3A–D). Epigynal plate about 1.3 times as wide as long, including heart-shaped plate, both large lobes darkly chitinized anterolaterally; two divergent copulatory ducts extended laterally. Anterior pockets strongly sinuous, touching each other. Spermathecae situated along epigynal plate and confining edges of epigynal pockets, including rather long, divergent, upward-sloping straight spermathecal stalks ending in globular and convergent spermathecal heads; spermathecal heads separated by about their diameter.</p><p>Size variation</p><p>Total body length 10.95–13.77, carapace length/width 5.4–6.87/ 2.4–3.5 in females (N=3).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>The species is currently only known from the type locality in Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A11EFFC3161AF95A56C1F8F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A115FFC81603FD19565BFD03.text	F910AB10A115FFC81603FD19565BFD03.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lachesana lubinae Shafaie & Pekar 2025	<div><p>Lachesana lubinae Shafaie &amp; Pekár sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: EF76D45C-001C-4947-B30C-D43 AD 30FF63C</p><p>Figs 4–6, 106; Tables 3–4</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>This new species is most similar to L. gavishae sp. nov. in terms of body coloration and overall palp morphology. The male of the new species can be recognized by a wider retrolateral tibial apophysis apical width/basal width ratio (3.8 vs 3.1); and different number of spines on leg segments and cymbium (i.e., metatarsus spines 89 vs 57 and cymbium spines 9 vs 16). The female can be distinguished by a remarkably spatulated, mushroom-shaped epigynal plate (vs heart-shaped, cf. Fig. 6A, C and Fig. 3A, C), and convergent spermathecal stalks ending in kidney-shaped spermathecal heads (vs parallel spermathecal stalks, with globular spermathecal heads, cf. Fig. 6B, D and Fig. 3B, D). Furthermore, the total number of leg spines can separate both adult and juvenile specimens of L. lubinae sp. nov. from those of L. gavishae (&gt; 130 spines vs &lt;97).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>This species is named in honor of our colleague, the Israeli arachnologist, Yael Lubin.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ISRAEL • ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.739&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.007" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.739/lat 31.007)">Negev Desert</a>, Mashabim; 31.007° N, 34.739° E; 19 Oct. 2004; J. Král leg.; sands; HUJINV-Ar 21315.</p><p>Paratype</p><p>ISRAEL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 20 Mar. 2007; S. Pekár leg.; HUJINV-Ar 21316 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>ISRAEL • 6 juv.; same collection data as for paratype; CMU • 7 juv.; same collection data as for paratype; 27–30 Mar. 2007; S. Pekár and S. Hénriques leg.; CMU • 2 juv.; same collection data as for paratype; 4 Apr. 2009; J. Král leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 4A–B, E, G). Carapace dark yellow, with several pale stripes radiating from fovea; chelicerae, gnathocoxae, and arrow-shaped labium pale, labium as long as wide; chelicerae mesally densely covered with thin, brown setae; gnathocoxae 1.6 times as long as labium. Sternum pale. Fe, Pa, Ti, and Mt of all legs and Ta II–IV yellow dorsally and pale ventrally. Ta I brownish-orange, Ta I about 1.5 times as stout as Ta II. Legs with 272 spines (Table 3). Abdomen missing.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Carapace 6 long, 2.5 wide at pars cephalica, 4.5 wide at pars thoracica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.2, ALE: 0.23, PME: 0.16, PLE: 0.2, AME–AME: 0.03, AME–ALE: 0.13, ALE– ALE: 0.6, PME–PME: 0.07, PME–PLE: 0.2. Legs: I 17.5 (5.2, 2.1, 4, 4, 2.2), II 17.6 (5, 4, 1.8, 5, 1.8), III 17.9 (5.2, 1.9, 3, 5.6, 2.2), IV 21.4 (5.2, 2.2, 4, 7, 3). Palp: 4.1 (2, 0.8, 0.48, 1.76).</p><p>PALP (Fig. 5A–G). RTA distally oblique, without parallel edges (prolateral edge inclined, retrolateral edge arch-shaped), dorsal part triangular. The RTA about 1.6 times as long as palpal tibiae, widest part over 3 times as wide as stalk of apophysis. Cymbium without spines in mesoproximal part. Bulb about 1.7 times as long as wide. Embolus filamentous, embolar base large, about half the length of tegulum.</p><p>Female (paratype HUJINV-Ar 21316)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 4C–D, F). Carapace and sternum similar to those in male; chelicerae dark yellow, with black setae; gnathocoxae and arrow-shaped labium pale, labium as wide as long. Fe, Pa, Ti, and Mt of all legs yellow dorsally and pale ventrally. Tarsal tips brownish-orange (Ta I the darkest), Ta I about 1.5 times as stout as Ta II; Legs with 142 spines (Table 4). Abdomen pale yellow on both sides, with no pattern; spinnerets dirty yellow.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 10.85; carapace 5.35 long, 2.4 wide at pars cephalica, 3.6 wide at pars thoracica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.19, ALE: 0.12, PME: 0.15, PLE: 0.17, AME–AME: 0.03, AME–ALE: 0.06, ALE–ALE: 0.37, PME–PME: 0.06, PME–PLE: 0.19. Legs: I 15.55 (5, 2.25, 3.5, 3, 1.8), II 13.2 (3.95, 1.6, 2.7, 3.1, 1.85), III 13.46 (4.1, 1.85, 1.86, 3.4, 2.25), IV 17.75 (4.85, 2.25, 3.25, 4.85, 2.35). The palpal segments were not measured.</p><p>EPIGYNE (Fig. 6A–D). Epigyne enlarged, fusiform and about 1.8 times as wide as long, epigyne slightly extended posteriorly, the copulatory openings separated by plate equal to half of epigyne width. Anterior pockets touching each other. Spermathecae comprising basally stout and apically thinner spermathecal stalks, ending in large kidney-shaped spermathecal heads; spermathecal heads convergent, confined to the epigynal plate borders, and not reaching the edges of epigynal pockets, anterior lobes more swollen; spermathecal heads separated by 0.23 times their diameter.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>At present, known only from the type locality in Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A115FFC81603FD19565BFD03	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A111FFC81682FC8D57B4FBE8.text	F910AB10A111FFC81682FC8D57B4FBE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pax Levy 1990	<div><p>Genus Pax Levy, 1990</p><p>Type species</p><p>Pax libani (Simon, 1873) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>For genus diagnosis, refer to Levy (1990).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A111FFC81682FC8D57B4FBE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A111FFD41654FBA756CDFD4F.text	F910AB10A111FFD41654FBA756CDFD4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pax akilae Shafaie & Pekar 2025	<div><p>Pax akilae Shafaie &amp; Pekár sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ECBCD6F6-2EC4-4242-A549-1B1B2D0E0D68</p><p>Figs 7–9, 106</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>This new species closely resembles P. islamita (Simon, 1873) in habitus coloration and the overall shape of the copulatory organs but can be distinguished by the oblong extension of the tibiae (vs apical triangular extension in P. islamita, cf. Fig. 8C, F and Fig. 12D, G); the tibial spur comprising a hump on its dorsal side (vs missing, cf. Fig. 8C, F and Fig. 12D, G); the median platelet extending mesally (vs narrowed, cf. Fig. 8D–E and Fig. 12E–F); a shorter, finger-shaped conductoral prong (vs longer and tapering, cf. Fig. 8A–B and Fig. 12A–B); and a different position of the spermathecal medial tubes (situated superior to ectal tubes vs situated inferior to ectal tubes, cf. Fig. 9C–D and Fig. 12I).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species is named after Huda Akil, the celebrated Syrian neuroscientist.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>SYRIA • ♂; Al-Qadmus, Al-Kahf Castle; 5–7 Apr. 2001; M. Řezáč leg.; NMP P6A 7514.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>SYRIA • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; NMP P6A 7515, NMP P6A 7516 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; NMP P6A 7517 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>SYRIA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for paratypes; CMU • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Mashta al-Helu; 30 Mar.–3 Apr. 2001; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (holotype NMP P6A 7514)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 7A–B). Carapace, chelicerae metallic dark brown; carapace patternless. Sternum and mouthparts basally reddish-brown and apically pale. Chelicerae with two rather distant promarginal teeth. Cx yellowish-brown, Fe greyish, Pa and Ti light yellow, Mt and Ta reddish-brown. Abdomen dorsum brown, with a light brown scutum about ⅔ the length of abdomen, venter light grey, darker ventrolaterally, with yellowish epiandrous area; spinnerets pale.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 7.56; carapace 3.95 long, 1.01 wide at pars cephalica, 2.65 wide at pars thoracica, scutum length 2.59. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.33, ALE 0.39, PME 0.34, PLE 0.39, AME–AME 0.17, AME–ALE 0.28, ALE–ALE 1.29, PME–PME 0.22, PME–PLE 0.73. Legs: I 8.44 (2.37, 1.12, 1.8, 1.74, 1.41), II 7.99 (2.59, 1.12, 1.52, 1.58, 1.18), III 7.98 (2.3, 1.12, 1.41, 2.03, 1.12), IV 10.29 (2.7, 1.18, 2.24, 2.59, 1.58). Palp: 4.11 (1.58, 0.34, 0.28, 1.91).</p><p>PALP (Fig. 8A–F). RTA with an oblong extension, comprising a rather long, forward pointed tibial spur and a robust hump. Median platelet extended mesally and anteriorly; conductoral prong finger-shaped; median apophysis rectangular basally and narrowed apically, with a folded tip. Embolus very long, originating at a 4 o’clock position, narrowed slightly and folded around bulb.</p><p>Female (paratype NMP P6A 7515)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 7C–D). Carapace, chelicerae, sternum, mouthparts similar to those in male. Legs yellow except for slightly darker Cx, greyish Fe and light grey tips of Mt; spinnerets pale, palp segments greyish, with darker Ta. Abdomen blackish-brown dorsally, with no pattern, dark brown ventrally, with three subparallel yellow stripes in the middle, lateral stripes wider than middle stripe.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 8.29; carapace 3.5 long, 1.24 wide at pars cephalica, 2.37 wide at pars thoracica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.33, ALE 0.39, PME 0.45, PLE 0.39, AME–AME 0.11, AME–ALE 0.33, ALE–ALE 0.99, PME–PME 0.17, PME–PLE 0.56. Legs: I 8.44 (2.37, 1.12, 1.8, 1.74, 1.41), II 7.99 (2.59, 1.12, 1.52, 1.58, 1.18), III 7.71 (2.03, 1.12, 1.41, 2.03, 1.12), IV 10.29 (2.7, 1.18, 2.24, 2.59, 1.58). Palp: 3.03 (1.01, 0.45, 0.45, 1.12).</p><p>EPIGYNE (Fig. 9A–D). Epigyne about 1.6 times as wide as long, comprising three longitudinal tubes: one dark medial and two light, sub-lateral tubes accompanied by a pair of dark marginal tubes. Spermathecal tubes parallel comprising a pair of elongated, yellow structures, situated medially, externally attached to a pair of reddish- brown, larger structures ending in twisted coils.</p><p>Size variation</p><p>Total body length 6.5–7.62, carapace length/width 3.5–3.95/ 2.01–2.75 in males (N = 3). Total body length 7.12–8.29, carapace length/width 3–3.5/ 2.24–2.3 in females (N = 5).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>The species is currently only known from the type locality in Syria.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A111FFD41654FBA756CDFD4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A10DFFD41662FD1F541EFAF0.text	F910AB10A10DFFD41662FD1F541EFAF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pax engediensis Levy 1990	<div><p>Pax engediensis Levy, 1990</p><p>Fig. 10</p><p>Pax engediensis Levy, 1990: 356, figs 64–67.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Levy (1990).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ISRAEL • ♀; En Gedi; 26 Mar. 1957; A. Shulov leg.; HUJ 14216.</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description of female, refer to Levy (1990).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A10DFFD41662FD1F541EFAF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A10DFFD51667FABF5730FD96.text	F910AB10A10DFFD51667FABF5730FD96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pax islamita (Simon 1873) CMU	<div><p>Pax islamita (Simon, 1873)</p><p>Figs 11–12</p><p>Habronestes islamita Simon, 1873: 75 .</p><p>Storena islamita – Simon 1893: 247.</p><p>Pax islamita – Levy 1990: 358, figs 68–71. — Seyyar et al. 2008: 52, figs 1–11.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Levy (1990).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>ISRAEL • 3 ♀♀, 9 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.931&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.641" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.931/lat 31.641)">Adullam</a>; 31.641° N, 34.931° E; 25 Mar. 2001; S. Pekár, S. Hénriques and M. Řezáč leg.; CMU • 2 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, 2 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Apr. 2017; S. Pekár and S. Korenko leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; Mount Carmel; 13 Apr. 2009; J. Král leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.733" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.05/lat 32.733)">Carmel</a>; 32.733° N, 35.05° E; 6 May 2023; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>TURKEY • 1 ♂; SE Turkey; 28 Apr. 2004; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.148&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.061" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.148/lat 37.061)">Toprakkale</a>; 37.061° N, 36.148° E; 67 m a.s.l.; 1 May 2009; CMU • 1 ♂; Mersin, 12 km to Anamur, 1 km to <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.894&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.174" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.894/lat 36.174)">Ala Bridge</a>; 36.174° N, 32.894° E; 93 m a.s.l.; 14 May 2009; R. Kaya leg.; ZMUT .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (1990).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Turkey, Israel, Syria, Lebanon.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A10DFFD51667FABF5730FD96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A109FFD0162BFB9E565FFAF4.text	F910AB10A109FFD0162BFB9E565FFAF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthinozodium Denis 1966	<div><p>Genus Acanthinozodium Denis, 1966</p><p>Type species</p><p>Acanthinozodium spinulosum Denis, 1966 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>For genus diagnosis, refer to Jocqué &amp; Henrard (2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A109FFD0162BFB9E565FFAF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A109FFD01692FED8541EFC10.text	F910AB10A109FFD01692FED8541EFC10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pax palmonii Levy 1990	<div><p>Pax palmonii Levy, 1990</p><p>Figs 13–14</p><p>Pax palmonii Levy, 1990: 352, figs 60–63.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Levy (1990).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ISRAEL • ♂; Ma’oz Hayyam; 30 May 1943; A. Shulov leg.; HUJ 14215.</p><p>Paratype</p><p>ISRAEL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; HUJ 14215 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (1990).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A109FFD01692FED8541EFC10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A109FFDD162AFAB95768F9D7.text	F910AB10A109FFDD162AFAB95768F9D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthinozodium odem (Levy 2007)	<div><p>Acanthinozodium odem (Levy, 2007)</p><p>Figs 15–16, 105</p><p>Zodarion odem Levy, 2007: 15, figs 38–39.</p><p>Zodarion kunti Coşar et al., 2021: 49, figs 5a–f, 6a–d, 7a–c, 8a–c, 9a–b, 10a–b. Syn. nov.</p><p>Acanthinozodium odem – Zonstein 2025: 392, figs 1–21.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Zonstein (2025).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ISRAEL • ♀; Odem Forest, Golan Heights (219/290 Is. Gr.); 950 m a.s.l.; May 1996; S. Rakefet leg.; HUJ 15220.</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>ISRAEL • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 5 juv.; same collection data as for holotype; 29 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár and V. Opatová leg.; CMU • 1 juv.; same collection data as for holotype; 4 May 2023; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU • 1 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.764&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.288" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.764/lat 33.288)">Har Hermon</a>; 33.288° N, 35.764° E; 5 May 2023; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>SYRIA • 1 ♀; W of Homs, Krak de Chevaliers; Jul. 2002; T. Pigula leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; Hasaka, Al Batra; 3 Apr. 2003; CMU • 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 21 Apr. 2003; CMU .</p><p>TURKEY • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( Z. kunti); Kahramanmaraş, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.413&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.626" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.413/lat 37.626)">Göksun</a>; 37.626° N, 36.413° E; 1285 m a.s.l.; 2020; İ. Coşar and T. Danışman leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; Kahramanmaraş, Andiran, Geben, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.409&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.622" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.409/lat 37.622)">Çukurgöz</a>; 37.622° N, 36.409° E; 1281 m a.s.l.; 25 Jun. 2008; O. Seyyar leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (2007) and Zonstein (2025).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>A comparative examination of specimens of A. odem alongside both male and female representatives of the Turkish species Z. kunti has demonstrated a clear congruence in key diagnostic morphological features (cf. Figs 15–16 and Coşar et al. 2021: figs 5a–d, 7a–c, 8a–c, 10a–b). This morphological alignment strongly supports our hypothesis to synonymize Z. kunti under A. odem, thereby recognizing Z. kunti as a junior synonym.</p><p>Moreover, we noticed that the female of A. odem exhibits notable similarities to that of A. cirrisulcatum longispina Denis, 1952, as described and illustrated in the original paper (Denis 1952: 59–60, figs 3–4). Nonetheless, the limited detail and precision of the original description and illustrations, coupled with the unavailability of the type material of A. c. longispina, present significant constraints. In light of these limitations, we advocate further comprehensive investigation to rigorously assess the possibility of synonymy between these taxa.</p><p>Size variation</p><p>Total body length 3.33–4.37, carapace length/width 1.77–2.37/ 1.33–1.5 in males (N = 4). Total body length 4.69–5.6, carapace length/width 1.87–2.4/ 1.5–1.8 in females (N = 4).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Acanthinozodium odem was formerly recorded in Israel. In our study, we have now documented its occurrence in both Syria and Turkey.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A109FFDD162AFAB95768F9D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A104FFDF1627F99754BFFA5F.text	F910AB10A104FFDF1627F99754BFFA5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acanthinozodium tibesti Jocque 1991	<div><p>Acanthinozodium tibesti Jocqué, 1991</p><p>Figs 17–18, 105</p><p>Acanthinozodium tibesti Jocqué, 1991: 130, figs 315–319.</p><p>Acanthinozodium crateriferum Jocqué &amp; Henrard, 2015: 4, figs 1a–e, 2a–c, 3a–c. Syn. nov.</p><p>Acanthinozodium tibesti – Jocqué &amp; Henrard 2015: 21, fig. 12a.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>For male diagnosis, refer to Jocqué &amp; Henrard (2015). Females can be distinguished from other congeners by a pair of triangular atria separated by a thin median septum (Fig. 18A–B).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>EGYPT • 1 ♀; Cairo, Mariout, Aswan; MNHN-AR2847 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description of female, refer to Jocqué (1991).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>During our examination of the Simon collection, we identified a tube labelled Zodarium longipes rubidus MNHN-AR2847, which contained one female specimen of A. tibesti beside additional specimens belonging to Z. nitidum .</p><p>Acanthinozodium tibesti was originally described from a single female collected in Chad (Jocqué 1991: figs 315–319). Then, Jocqué &amp; Henrard (2015: fig. 12a) provided a photograph of the epigyne to elucidate morphological features. In the same study, they described A. crateriferum from Ethiopia – a species morphologically very similar to A. tibesti – and provided a comparative diagnosis that emphasized distinctions between A. crateriferum and A. zavattarii Caporiacco, 1941 .</p><p>Upon detailed morphological comparison of the specimen from the Simon collection with the descriptions and illustrations of both A. tibesti and A. crateriferum, we found no substantial diagnostic differences to justify their separation. Accordingly, we propose that A. crateriferum should be synonymized with A. tibesti, with the former being recognized as a junior synonym.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Acanthinozodium tibesti was formerly recorded from Chad and Ethiopia; this is the first report of this species from Egypt.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A104FFDF1627F99754BFFA5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A106FFDF1625FA6F5649F967.text	F910AB10A106FFDF1625FA6F5649F967.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Indozodion Ovtchinnikov 2006	<div><p>Genus Indozodion Ovtchinnikov, 2006</p><p>Type species</p><p>Indozodion inayatullahi Ovtchinnikov, 2006 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>For genus diagnosis, refer to Zamani &amp; Marusik (2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A106FFDF1625FA6F5649F967	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A106FFD8162DF9245707FBD8.text	F910AB10A106FFD8162DF9245707FBD8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Indozodion lindbergi (Roewer 1960)	<div><p>Indozodion lindbergi (Roewer, 1960)</p><p>Figs 19–20, 106</p><p>Zodarion lindbergi Roewer, 1960: 45, fig. 15a–f.</p><p>Indozodion lindbergi – Zamani &amp; Marusik 2022: 424, figs 1–3.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Zamani &amp; Marusik (2022).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>AFGHANISTAN • 1 ♂; Sarobi; 5 Apr. 1967; D. Povolný leg.; MMBC 7632 (5601/Ent) .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Zamani &amp; Marusik (2022).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>A comparative evaluation of the current material with published illustrations of I. lindbergi from Pakistan (cf. Figs 19–20; Zamani &amp; Marusik 2022: figs 1a, c–f, 2a–c) revealed minor morphological discrepancies. These include a ventro-retrolateral apophysis that is slightly curved rather than distinctly humped, and a bilobed Br structure as opposed to the simple, unlobed form depicted in the Pakistani specimens. Given these minor yet notable differences, we consider that additional material is required to conclusively determine the taxonomic status of this population.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>This species was formerly recorded from the Parwan and Kabul provinces in eastern Afghanistan and the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province in Pakistan (Zamani &amp; Marusik 2022); thus, this is the third report of this species in Afghanistan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A106FFD8162DF9245707FBD8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A103FFDA15E8FD9157B8F8C6.text	F910AB10A103FFDA15E8FD9157B8F8C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaestina expolita O. Pickard-Cambridge 1872	<div><p>Palaestina expolita O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872</p><p>Figs 21–22</p><p>Palaestina expolita O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 269, pl. 13 fig. 6.</p><p>Palaestina smyrna Jocqué, 1991: 141, figs 350–351a.</p><p>Palaestina expolita – Simon 1893: 439, figs 412–413. — Roewer 1928: 119. — Jocqué 1991: 138, figs 336–342. — Levy 1992: 69, figs 1–12. — Lecigne 2023: 24, fig. 17a–f.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Jocqué (1991) and Levy (1992).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>CYPRUS • 7 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Larnaca Salt Lake, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=33.61&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.884" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 33.61/lat 34.884)">Hala Sultan Tekke Mosque</a>; 34.884° N, 33.610° E; 0 m a.s.l.; 28 Apr. 2022; S. Pekár, S. Shafaie, V. Šoltýsová and O. Michálek leg.; CMU • 4 ♂♂; Güzelyurt, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=33.064&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.197" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 33.064/lat 35.197)">Kyra</a> (Mevlevi); 35.197° N, 33.064° E; 991 m a.s.l.; 26 Apr. 2022; S. Pekár, S. Shafaie, V. Šoltýsová and O. Michálek leg; CMU .</p><p>GREECE • 3 ♂♂; 1.5 km after Dadia; 600 m a.s.l.; 14 May–22 Jun. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 22 Jun.–21 Jul. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>A critical re-examination of the illustrations associated with P. smyrna Jocqué (1991) reveals inconsistencies in both figure numbering and morphological content (Jocqué 1991: figs 351a–b, 352). In fact, figure 352 appears to depict a representative of Palfuria, rather than P. smyrna, while the curvature of the middle arm in figure 351a is incongruent with that in figure 351b. Upon closer inspection, figure 351a corresponds more closely to figure 350, which was formerly used to illustrate Palaestina dentifera O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 . Based on this reassessment, it is likely that figures 343–349 and 351b pertain to P. dentifera, whereas figures 350–351a more accurately depict P. smyrna .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Greece, Cyprus, Turkey, Lebanon, Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A103FFDA15E8FD9157B8F8C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A103FFDA1619FED857B4FDDC.text	F910AB10A103FFDA1619FED857B4FDDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaestina O. Pickard-Cambridge 1872	<div><p>Genus Palaestina O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872</p><p>Type species</p><p>Palaestina expolita O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>For genus diagnosis, refer to Levy (1992).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A103FFDA1619FED857B4FDDC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A13DFFE61670F98C5443FDF9.text	F910AB10A13DFFE61670F98C5443FDF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Palaestina eremica Levy 1992	<div><p>Palaestina eremica Levy, 1992</p><p>Figs 23–24</p><p>Palaestina eremica Levy, 1992: 74, figs 19–26.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>EGYPT • ♂; Sinai, St Catherine Monastery, (049/775 Isr.grid); 14 Apr. 1987; V.D. Roth leg.; HUJ 14250.</p><p>Paratype</p><p>EGYPT • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; HUJ 14251 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Egypt, Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A13DFFE61670F98C5443FDF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A13EFFE715ADFED8564BFDDC.text	F910AB10A13EFFE715ADFED8564BFDDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parazodarion Ovtchinnikov, Ahmad & Gurko 2009	<div><p>Genus Parazodarion Ovtchinnikov, Ahmad &amp; Gurko, 2009</p><p>Type species</p><p>Zodarion raddei Simon, 1889 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>For genus diagnosis, refer to Ovtchinnikov et al. (2009).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A13EFFE715ADFED8564BFDDC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A13EFFE71654FD9151E4F970.text	F910AB10A13EFFE71654FD9151E4F970.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parazodarion raddei (Simon 1889)	<div><p>Parazodarion raddei (Simon, 1889)</p><p>Figs 25–26, 106</p><p>Zodarion raddei Simon, 1889: 383 .</p><p>Zodarion vlasovi Sytshevskaja in Vlassov &amp; Sytshevskaja, 1937: 249, figs 1–3.</p><p>Zodarion raddei – Denis 1958: 111, figs 42–44. — Fet 1985: 274. — Marusik &amp; Koponen 2001: 46, fig. 27.</p><p>Parazodarion raddei – Ovtchinnikov et al. 2009: 471, fig. 1.1–6. — Zamani &amp; Marusik 2021: 182, fig. 26a–c.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Ovtchinnikov et al. (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>AFGHANISTAN • 1 ♀; Badghis, Bala Murghab; 18 Jul.–4 Sep. 1964; O. Jakeš leg.; MMBC 7633 (5601/ Ent) .</p><p>IRAN • 5 ♀♀; Taybad, Dowqarun; 8 Nov. 2014; P. Rashidi leg.; ZMFUM-TA 1183 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Ovtchinnikov et al. (2009).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The single female specimen from Afghanistan exhibits slight differences compared to the Iranian population, particularly in the height of the spermathecal bodies, which are arranged in descending order (vs more or less equally sized, cf. Fig. 26D and Fig. 26B), and in the lighter proximal parts of Fe I and II (vs entirely dark, cf. Fig. 25C and Fig. 25A). Given the unlikely prospect of obtaining additional material from Afghanistan in the near future, we treated this single specimen as P. raddei .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, United Arab Emirates.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A13EFFE71654FD9151E4F970	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A138FFE1167FFAD757B4F9DF.text	F910AB10A138FFE1167FFAD757B4F9DF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trygetus Simon 1882	<div><p>Genus Trygetus Simon, 1882</p><p>Type species</p><p>Trygetus sexoculatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>For genus diagnosis, refer to Levy (1992).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A138FFE1167FFAD757B4F9DF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A138FFE215F5F9EF5443FD61.text	F910AB10A138FFE215F5F9EF5443FD61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trygetus sexoculatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1872) CMU	<div><p>Trygetus sexoculatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)</p><p>Figs 27–28</p><p>Palaestina sexoculata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 270 .</p><p>Trygetus senoculatus – Simon 1893: 439.</p><p>Trygetus sexoculatus – Jocqué 1991: 149, figs 378–383. — Levy 1992: 77, figs 27–38.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Jocqué (1991) and Levy (1992).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>ISRAEL • 2 ♂♂; Sayert Shaked; 1999; J. Levy leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.364" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.823/lat 31.364)">Lehavim</a>; 31.364° N, 34.823° E; 12 Apr. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 20 Apr. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.768&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.854" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.768/lat 30.854)">Halukim</a>; 30.854° N, 34.768° E; 21 Mar. 2007; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 8 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 7 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 29 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; Wadi Paran; 8 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Egypt, Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A138FFE215F5F9EF5443FD61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A13AFFE3165DF90F57B4F806.text	F910AB10A13AFFE3165DF90F57B4F806.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion Walckenaer 1826	<div><p>Genus Zodarion Walckenaer, 1826</p><p>Type species</p><p>Enyo nitida Audouin, 1826 .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>For genus diagnosis, refer to Levy (1992).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A13AFFE3165DF90F57B4F806	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A135FFE91645FED954EFFE8F.text	F910AB10A135FFE91645FED954EFFE8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion nitidum Audouin 1826	<div><p>Zodarion nitidum Audouin, 1826</p><p>Figs 29–31, 87, 106</p><p>Enyo nitida Audouin, 1826: 350, pl. 3 fig. 7.</p><p>Enyo longipes Audouin, 1826: 351, pl. 3 fig. 8.</p><p>Zodarion cambridgei Denis, 1938: 387 .</p><p>Clotho nitida – Walckenaer 1837: 639.</p><p>Clotho longipes – Walckenaer 1837: 640.</p><p>Argus longipes – Walckenaer 1841: 347, pl. 16 fig. 6.</p><p>Zodarion longipes – Walckenaer 1847: 563.</p><p>Enyo nitida – Walckenaer 1847: 563. — Thorell 1869: 108. — F.O. Pickard-Cambridge 1876: 559.</p><p>Enyo luisante – Simon 1864: 160.</p><p>Zodarium longipes – Thorell 1869: 107.</p><p>Zodarium nitidum – Simon 1885: 29.</p><p>Zodarion nitidum – Simon 1893: 432, figs 403–407; 1908: 425. — Denis 1937: 6, pl. 1 fig. 1; 1962: 31, fig. 2. — Levy 1992: 86, figs 53–61. — Zamani &amp; Marusik 2021: 188, fig. 28a–c; 2022: 162, fig. 11a–c.</p><p>Metargus longipes – F. Pickard-Cambridge 1902: 8.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Zodarion nitidum specimens are most similar to Z. nicki in the shape of their copulatory organs, but the former species is distinguished by a brownish carapace and yellow coxae (vs black carapace and black to grey coxae; cf. Fig. 29A, C and Fig. 84A, C). Furthermore, males of Z. nitidum possess uniformly yellow femora (vs entirely black femora in Z. nicki; cf. Fig. 29A and Fig. 84A).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>EGYPT • 1 ♀; Alexandria; MNHN-AR2854 • 2 ♀♀; Cairo or Aswan, Lake Mariout; MNHN-AR2847 .</p><p>ISRAEL • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.781&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.857" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.781/lat 30.857)">Midreshet Sde Boker</a>; 30.857° N, 34.781° E; 1 Apr. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; HUJINV-Ar 21301 • 1 ♀, same collection data as for preceding; HUJINV-Ar 21302 • 1 juv.; Midreshet Sde Boker; 10 Mar. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.269&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.754" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.269/lat 30.754)">Arava Area</a>, 12 km N of Ein Yahav Moshav, Hatzeva Moshav; 30.754° N, 35.269° E; 13 Mar. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♀, 3 juv.; s. loc.; Apr. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 12 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀, 50 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; Feb.–Mar. 2018; L. Sentenská leg.; CMU • 1 ♀, 2 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 6 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 9 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ 1 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.784&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.854" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.784/lat 30.854)">Halukim</a>; 30.854° N, 34.784° E; 16 Apr. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 27 Mar. 2007; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 3 ♂♂, 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 18 Mar. 2017; O. Macháč leg.; CMU • 6 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 9 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.757&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.757/lat 31.0)">Mashabim</a>; 31.000° N, 34.757° E; 4 Sep. 2002; Y. Lubin leg.; CMU • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; Sep. 2004; J. Král leg.; CMU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 1 Apr. 2016; S. Korenko leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 1 Apr. 2017; S. Korenko leg.; CMU • 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 6 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 28 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár and V. Opatová leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 29 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; Beersheba, between Beer Sheva and Mitzpe Ramon; 6–29 May 2003; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; Meirav; 29 Sep. 2007; J. Král leg.; CMU • 2 ♂♂, 2 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.97&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.971" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.97/lat 30.971)">Yeroham</a>; 30.971° N, 34.97° E; 3 Mar. 2016; S. Pekár, S. Korenko and E. Líznarová leg.; CMU • 18 ♂♂, 11 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Apr. 2017; S. Pekár and S. Korenko leg.; CMU • 2 ♀♀, 8 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 18 May 2017; O. Macháč leg.; CMU • 3 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.968&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.968/lat 30.333)">Ramon Crater</a>, Nahal Paran; 30.333° N, 34.968° E; 8 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 6 ♀♀, 2 juv.; s. loc.; May 2019; S. Pekár, L. Sentenská and S. Korenko leg.; CMU • 2 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.816&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.872" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.816/lat 30.872)">Hatira</a>; 30.872° N, 34.816° E; 28 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár and V. Opatová leg.; CMU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 4 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.612&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.511" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.612/lat 30.511)">Borot Lotz</a>; 30.511° N, 34.612° E; 29 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár and V. Opatová leg.; CMU .</p><p>PALESTINE • 3 ♀♀; Jericho or Bethlehem; MNHN-AR2849 .</p><p>Redescription</p><p>Male (HUJINV-Ar 21301)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 29A–B). Carapace dark brown; chelicerae and mouthparts brown; sternum light brown, with dark spots radiating towards the center. Legs entirely yellow except for the first pair of Fe, Pa and Ti laterally greyish. Palp segments grey to yellow. Abdomen dorsum black, venter apically pale and turned to dark brown distally; PVS present. Spinnerets black basally and pale apically.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 4; carapace 2 long, 1.5 wide. Clypeus 0.1 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.1, ALE= PME 0.06, PLE 0.04, AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.02, ALE–ALE 0.27, AME–PME 0.06, PME–PME 0.41, PME–PLE 0.06, PLE–PLE 0.23, ALE–PLE 0.1. Legs: I 7.52 (1.69, 0.64, 1.63, 2.03, 1.52), II 6.64 (1.59, 0.56, 1.53, 1.86, 1.1), III 6.8 (1.63, 0.87, 1.39, 1.85, 1.06), IV 8.14 (2.23, 0.64, 1.66, 2.37, 1.24). Palp: 1.28 (0.52, 0.25, 0.16, 0.35).</p><p>PALP (Fig. 30A–F). For details, refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Female (HUJINV-Ar 21302)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 29C–D). Carapace, chelicerae and abdomen similar to those in male except abdomen venter slightly lighter. Mouthparts lighter than those in male. Fe I and II dark brown, with longitudinal, parallel lighter stripes; Fe III and IV darkened on the second half. Ti of all legs light, with dark lateral sides. Pa, Mt and Ta of all legs brown. Spinnerets brown basally and pale apically; PVS present.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 6.8; carapace 2.59 long, 1.85 wide. Clypeus 0.18 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.1, ALE= PME =PLE 0.06, AME–AME 0.08, AME–ALE 0.04, ALE–ALE 0.4, AME–PME 0.08, PME–PME 0.42, PME–PLE 0.06, PLE–PLE 0.24, ALE–PLE 0.2. Legs: I 5.85 (1.41, 0.54, 1.61, 1.29, 1), II 5.37 (1.31, 1.15, 0.54, 1.47, 0.9), III 5.03 (1.23, 0.52, 1.1, 1.47, 0.71), IV 6.59 (1.69, 0.77, 1.4, 1.86, 0.87). Palp: 1.52 (0.54, 0.33, 0.19, 0.46).</p><p>EPIGYNE (Fig. 31A–F). For details, refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Size variation</p><p>Total body length 2.5–4.4, carapace length/width 1.8–2/ 1.48–1.6 in males (N= 6). Total body length 4.6–6.8, carapace length/width 2.1–2.6/ 1.6–1.7 in females (N=6). For the carapace length/width ratio, refer to Fig. 87.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Although taxonomic studies on the genus Zodarion have a long history, little is known about its type species, Z. nitidum . In fact, Z. nitidum was not properly illustrated until Denis prepared two distinct epigyne drawings in separate manuscripts, each claiming to be the first illustration of Z. nitidum ’s epigyne (Denis 1937, 1962). The reason for Denis’ failure to address this inconsistency in his publications from 1937 to 1962 remains unclear (World Spider Catalog 2025).</p><p>Thirty years later, Levy (1992) acknowledged that the types of Z. nitidum – Enyo nitida (♀) and Enyo longipes (♂) – were presumably lost. However, he examined the holotypes of Zodarium nicki Strand, 1914 and Zodarion cambridgei Denis, 1938, along with a large number of newly collected specimens from various localities across Israel, Jordan, and Sinai. Based on the observed similarities in copulatory structures, Levy assigned all of these specimens to Z. nitidum . Despite Levy being the first to provide detailed descriptions and illustrations for both sexes within the Z. nitidum complex, his conclusions were based solely on the newly collected material. Consequently, he neither compared these specimens with the original (now lost) types nor provided illustrations that might serve as proxies for future taxonomic assessments.</p><p>Ultimately, all morphologically variable specimens were subsumed under the name Z. nitidum . However, recent comprehensive studies on the biology and ecology of this species complex (Pekár et al. 2022) combined with molecular phylogenomic analyses (Ortiz et al. 2024) have revealed that the complex consists of two distinct, diagnosable species, now recognized as Z. nitidum and Z. nicki .</p><p>Examination of the material from the Simon collection, who frequently combined specimens of different species or from different localities in a single tube, demonstrated that six female individuals, preserved in three different tubes (MNHN-AR2847: 2 ♀♀; MNHN-AR2849: 3 ♀♀; MNHN-AR2854: 1 ♀), had been misidentified and are, in fact, assignable to Z. nitidum . It should be noted that the MNHN-AR2854 tube contains material from multiple species, including the neotypes of Z. tunetiacum and Z. nitidum . The epigyne of the single Z. nitidum specimen from this tube closely corresponds with the illustrations provided by Denis (1937) (Fig. 31E cf. Fig. 31F). Levy (1992) erroneously lumped specimens of Z. nitidum and Z. nicki under a single taxon, as he found no discernible differences in their copulatory organ structures.</p><p>Levy (1992) also pointed out that earlier arachnologists had merged E. nitida (♀) and E. longipes (♂) – both described by Audouin (1826) – and subsequently treated them as Z. nitidum . However, whether these original associations were taxonomically accurate remains uncertain.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>North Africa, Middle East.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A135FFE91645FED954EFFE8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A130FFE91625FE5A54F8FB7B.text	F910AB10A130FFE91625FE5A54F8FB7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion abantense Wunderlich 1980	<div><p>Zodarion abantense Wunderlich, 1980</p><p>Figs 32, 105</p><p>Zodarion abantense Wunderlich, 1980: 236, figs 19–24.</p><p>Zodarion tireboluensis Danişman &amp; Rubio, 2017: 179, figs 1–4.</p><p>Zodarion abantense – Dunin &amp; Nenilin 1987: 192, figs 1–2. — Bosmans 2009: 228, figs 32–34, 60–61. — Dimitrov 2020: 362, figs 8–15.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♂; between Aisymi-Mega Dereio, 5 km bef.; 389 m a.s.l.; 15 May–23 Jun. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Previous studies recorded Z. abantense in Turkey, Georgia and Russia; this is the first report of this species from Greece and represents, therefore, the westernmost occurrence of this species across its entire distribution range.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A130FFE91625FE5A54F8FB7B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A130FFE9165DFB0E565CF869.text	F910AB10A130FFE9165DFB0E565CF869.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion aculeatum Chyzer 1897	<div><p>Zodarion aculeatum Chyzer, 1897</p><p>Fig. 33</p><p>Zodarion aculeatum Chyzer in Chyzer &amp; Kulczyński, 1897: 149, pl. 6 fig. 5.</p><p>Zodarion geticum Weiss, 1987: 103, figs 1–4.</p><p>Zodarion aculeatum – Denis 1937: 39, pl. 8 fig. 67. — Drensky 1940: 174, fig. 3b. — Bosmans 2009: 225, figs 15–17, 51–52.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ROMANIA • ♀; Wallachia, Orsova; 30 Sep. 1991; HNHM 1187.</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Albania, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A130FFE9165DFB0E565CF869	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A12DFFF61658FED954C3FD6B.text	F910AB10A12DFFF61658FED954C3FD6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion barbarae Bosmans 2009	<div><p>Zodarion barbarae Bosmans, 2009</p><p>Figs 34–35</p><p>Zodarion barbarae Bosmans, 2009: 248, figs 80–83, 138–139.</p><p>Zodarion barbarae – Bosmans et al. 2019: 32, fig. 20a–g. — Özkütük 2022: 241, figs 1–15. — Coşar &amp; Danışman 2024: 268, figs 21–22.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>GREECE • ♂; Peloponnisos, Oros Taigetos, Moni Panaghi Giatrissa; 1100 m a.s.l.; 30 Sep. 1991; B. Knoflach and K. Thaler leg.; NMBE-AR4147.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>GREECE • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; NMBE-AR4147 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>CYPRUS • 1 ♂, 14 juv.; Nicosia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.837&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.063" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.837/lat 35.063)">Lefka Dam</a>; 35.063° N, 32.837° E; 288 m a.s.l.; 25 Apr. 2022; S. Pekár, S. Shafaie, V. Šoltýsová and O. Michálek leg.; CMU .</p><p>TURKEY • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ 14 juv.; Konakli, Macchie Hill, 10 km W of Alanya; 20 May 2005; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Greece, Cyprus, Turkey.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A12DFFF61658FED954C3FD6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A12FFFF61617FD235400FAAE.text	F910AB10A12FFFF61617FD235400FAAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion beroni Komnenov & Chatzaki 2016	<div><p>Zodarion beroni Komnenov &amp; Chatzaki, 2016</p><p>Figs 36–37</p><p>Zodarion beroni Komnenov &amp; Chatzaki in Komnenov et al., 2016: 41, figs 97–111.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Komnenov et al. (2016).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♂; 20 km after Dadia; 660 m a.s.l.; 22 Jun.–21 Jul. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU • 6 ♂♂, 1 ♀; 2 km after Pefka / Retziki Suburb; 121 m a.s.l.; 22 Jun.–21 Jul. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU • 2 ♂♂; between Aisymi-Mega Dereio, 500 m W.; 389 m a.s.l.; 22 Jul.–26 Aug. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Komnenov et al. (2016).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Greece.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A12FFFF61617FD235400FAAE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A12FFFF0165CFA7F5494FE8E.text	F910AB10A12FFFF0165CFA7F5494FE8E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion blagoevi Bosmans 2009	<div><p>Zodarion blagoevi Bosmans, 2009</p><p>Fig. 38</p><p>Zodarion blagoevi Bosmans, 2009: 249, figs 84–87, 140–141.</p><p>Zodarion blagoevi – Deltshev et al. 2022: 248, figs 2, 6, 10, 14, 20–22, 30, 34, 38, 42, 46, 49, 52, 55.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>GREECE • 10 ♂♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.703&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.01" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.703/lat 41.01)">Aladjagiola Wetland</a> (N of Chrisoupoli); 41.01° N, 24.703° E; 25 Jun. 2006; M. Schröder leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Bulgaria, Greece.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A12FFFF0165CFA7F5494FE8E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A129FFF31641FE5E5460FD38.text	F910AB10A129FFF31641FE5E5460FD38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion christae Bosmans 2009	<div><p>Zodarion christae Bosmans, 2009</p><p>Figs 39–40</p><p>Zodarion christae Bosmans, 2009: 284, figs 186–187, 196–197.</p><p>Zodarion christae – Coşar et al. 2021: 46, figs 1a–f, 2a–e, 3a–b.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>TURKEY • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Isparta, Aksu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.291&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.656" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.291/lat 37.656)">Dedegöl Mountain</a>; 37.656° N, 31.291° E; 8 Jul. 2003; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Due to damage sustained by the median apophyses in the male palps and the epigyne during the clearing process, it was not possible to include photographs of these structures in this study.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Greece, Turkey.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A129FFF31641FE5E5460FD38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A125FFFC15E0FED9540FFBFE.text	F910AB10A125FFFC15E0FED9540FFBFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion crewsae Cosar, Danisman & Kunt 2022	<div><p>Zodarion crewsae Coşar, Danışman &amp; Kunt, 2022</p><p>Figs 41–42, 106</p><p>Zodarion crewsae Coşar et al. 2022: 229, figs 1–16.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Coşar et al. (2022).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>TURKEY • 1 ♂; Tunceli, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.561&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.957" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.561/lat 38.957)">Munzur River</a>; 38.957° N, 39.561° E; 22 Jun. 2002; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Coşar et al. (2022).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>A figure-based comparison of the single specimen from eastern Turkey with specimen from the southern population revealed that the eastern specimen exibited a significantly shorter distal branch of the median apophysis, and a lighter femur I and carapace. However, to accurately classify this population, additional specimens are needed to evaluate whether it represents a new species.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Turkey.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A125FFFC15E0FED9540FFBFE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A127FFFF165DFED954B6FE1E.text	F910AB10A127FFFF165DFED954B6FE1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion cyrenaicum Denis 1935	<div><p>Zodarion cyrenaicum Denis, 1935</p><p>Figs 43–46</p><p>Zodarion cyrenaicum Denis, 1935a: 100, pl. 1 figs 1–3.</p><p>Zodarion cyrenaicum – Levy 1992: 101, figs 103–107.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Denis (1935a) and Levy (1992).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>EGYPT • 2 ♀♀, 1 juv.; Alexandria; MNHN-AR2854 .</p><p>ISRAEL • 1 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.364" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.823/lat 31.364)">Lehavim</a>; 31.364° N, 34.823° E; 10 Mar. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♂, 66 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 1 Apr. 2002; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♀, 3 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.754&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.009" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.754/lat 31.009)">Mashabim</a>; 31.009° N, 34.754° E; 4 Sep. 2002; Y. Lubin leg.; sands; CMU • 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 27 Mar. 2007; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♀, 13 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Sep. 2007; J. Král leg.; CMU • 1 ♀, 19 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 9–15 Oct. 2009; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 13 ♂♂, 23 ♀♀; 52 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 1–9 Sep. 2014; S. Pekár, S. Korenko and E. Líznarová leg.; CMU • 17 ♂♂, 30 ♀♀; 8 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 2 Apr. 2016; S. Pekár, S. Korenko and E. Líznarová leg.; CMU • 18 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀; 8 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 1 Apr. 2017; S. Pekár and S. Korenko leg.; CMU • 20 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 9 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 28 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár and V. Opatová leg.; CMU • 1 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.781&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.857" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.781/lat 30.857)">Midreshet Sde Boker</a>; 30.857° N, 34.781° E; 7 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 2 ♂♂, 1 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.816&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.872" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.816/lat 30.872)">Hatira</a>; 30.872° N, 34.816° E; 28 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár and V. Opatová leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Denis (1935a) and Levy (1992).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Libya, Egypt, Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A127FFFF165DFED954B6FE1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A123FFFA1611FED95443FC10.text	F910AB10A123FFFA1611FED95443FC10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion expers (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1876)	<div><p>Zodarion expers (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876)</p><p>Fig. 47</p><p>Enyo expers O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876: 560 .</p><p>Ranops expers Levy 1992: 105, figs 108–120.</p><p>Zodarion expers – Jocqué &amp; Henrard 2020: 199. — Zamani &amp; Marusik 2021: 188, figs 19d–f, 25d–f.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>EGYPT • ♀ subadult; Alexandria; Apr. 1864; OUMNH, Bot. 445, tube 13.</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Egypt, Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A123FFFA1611FED95443FC10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A122FF851646FED9566DFC01.text	F910AB10A122FF851646FED9566DFC01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion frenatum Simon 1885	<div><p>Zodarion frenatum Simon, 1885</p><p>Figs 48–49</p><p>Zodarion frenatum Simon, 1885: 336 .</p><p>Zodarion frenatum – Fage 1921: 174, fig. 2. — Denis 1937: 39, pl. 8 figs 65–68. — Wunderlich 1980: 240. — Bosmans 1997: 271, figs 12–13, 85–86; 2009: 286, figs 192–193, 198–199. — Dimitrov 2024: 114, figs 10–14.</p><p>Zodarion creticum – Roewer 1928: 119, pl. 2 fig. 37.</p><p>Zodarion rhodiense – Caporiacco 1948: 47, fig. 6.</p><p>Zodarion rhodiense nigrifemur – Caporiacco 1948: 49.</p><p>Zodarion ionicum – Brignoli 1984: 314, figs 41–42.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (1997).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Paratype</p><p>GREECE • 1 juv.; Naxos; E. Keyseling leg.; MNHN-AR2850 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♀, 1 juv.; Volo (St.); MNHN-AR2851 • 1 ♀; 1.5 km after Dadia; 660 m a.s.l.; 14–22 May 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU • 3 ♂♂, 2 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 22 Jun.–21 Jul. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv.; 2 km after Pefka / Retziki Suburb; 121 m a.s.l.; 16 May–22 Jun. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 22 Jul.–24 Aug. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; 1.5 km N of Polia; 50 m a.s.l.; 22 Jul.–26 Aug. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (1997).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Even though Bosmans (1997) did not examine the type of Z. frenatum, he reported that the holotype tube (MNHN-AR2850) contained one male and one juvenile. However, our examination of the tube revealed only a single juvenile specimen, suggesting that the holotype male is probably lost. Furthermore, while Fage (1921) and Bosmans (1997) recorded a single female in tube MNHN-AR2851, we identified two specimens, including one female and one juvenile.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Italy, Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A122FF851646FED9566DFC01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A15CFF85167EFBCA541EF8AA.text	F910AB10A15CFF85167EFBCA541EF8AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion geshur Levy 2007	<div><p>Zodarion geshur Levy, 2007</p><p>Figs 50–51</p><p>Zodarion geshur Levy 2007: 13, figs 33–37.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Levy (2007).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ISRAEL • ♂; Geshur, S Golan (217/240.3. J); May 1998; R. Sharon leg.; HUJ 15215.</p><p>Paratype</p><p>ISRAEL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; HUJ 15215 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (2007).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Although Levy (2007) noted that the type specimens were collected in May 1996, the label indicates May 1998.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A15CFF85167EFBCA541EF8AA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A159FF80163AFED956BAF94D.text	F910AB10A159FF80163AFED956BAF94D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion granulatum Kulczynski 1908	<div><p>Zodarion granulatum Kulczyński, 1908</p><p>Figs 52–53, 105</p><p>Zodarion granulatum Kulczyński, 1908: 59, pl. 2 figs 4, 10.</p><p>Zodarion granulatum – Levy 1992: 92, figs 72–84. — Bosmans 2009: 275, figs 170–171, 178–179. — Lecigne &amp; Henrard 2022: 37, fig. 5e, h. — Bosmans &amp; Gavalas 2023: 33, fig. 21a–e. — Dimitrov 2024: 114, fig. 18.</p><p>Zodarion parashi – Wunderlich 2022: 48, figs 105–106.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009) and Lecigne &amp; Henrard (2022).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype ( Zodarion parashi)</p><p>GREECE • ♂; Eastern Aegean <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.0&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.57" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.0/lat 25.57)">Island Naxos</a>; 25.57° N, 37.0.37° E; 20 Jul. 1982; L. Parashi leg.; ZMH A0014216.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>CYPRUS • 1 ♂ (subadult); Nicosia, Olympus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.828&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.977" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.828/lat 34.977)">Moutoulas Mountain</a>; 34.977° N, 32.828° E; 800 m a.s.l.; 25 Apr. 2022; S. Pekár, S. Shafaie, V. Šoltýsová and O. Michálek leg.; CMU .</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♂; Aladjagiola Wetland (N Chrisoupoli); 28 Jun. 2008; M. Schröder leg.; CMU .</p><p>SYRIA • 1 ♂; Aln Al-Zarah, near Idlib, Canyon of Oronthes; 18 Mar. 2001; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; Mashta Al-Helu, Odem Forest; 3 Apr. 2001; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The length and arrangement of the PVS differ between males and females. Male specimens possess significantly longer PVS, which are arranged in a somewhat radiating pattern (Fig. 52B), whereas females have shorter PVS arranged parallel to each other (Fig. 52D). Moreover, the single male specimen from Syria exhibits a smaller PMA compared to the specimen from Greece, along with a more slender embolar tip.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>This species was previously recorded in Greece, Cyprus, Turkey, Lebanon, and Israel (World Spider Catalog 2025). This is the first report of this species from Syria</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A159FF80163AFED956BAF94D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A15BFF8C1646FA6B5770FE8E.text	F910AB10A15BFF8C1646FA6B5770FE8E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion hauseri Brignoli 1984	<div><p>Zodarion hauseri Brignoli, 1984</p><p>Figs 54–55</p><p>Zodarion hauseri Brignoli, 1984: 312, fig. 40.</p><p>Zodarion hauseri – Stefanovska et al. 2008: 37, figs 5–9. — Bosmans 2009: 251, figs 92–95, 144–145. — Naumova et al. 2017: 480, figs 28–30.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♂; Aladjagiola Wetland (N of Chrisoupoli); 25 May 2008; M. Schröder leg.; CMU • 5 ♂♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.04&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.721" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.04/lat 37.721)">Ergatikes</a>; 37.721° N, 24.04° E; 18 May 2023; D. Ortiz and S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.946" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.834/lat 37.946)">Oulintzi</a>; 37.946° N, 23.834° E; 18 May 2023; D. Ortiz and S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.922&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.996" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.922/lat 37.996)">Ano Vakalopoulo</a>; 37.996° N, 23.922° E; 18 May 2023; D. Ortiz and S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.866&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.448" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.866/lat 38.448)">Livadia</a>; 38.448° N, 22.866° E; 24 May 2023; D. Ortiz and S. Pekár leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A15BFF8C1646FA6B5770FE8E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A154FF881632FED9501DFE3B.text	F910AB10A154FF881632FED9501DFE3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion jakubi Shafaie & Pekar 2025	<div><p>Zodarion jakubi Shafaie &amp; Pekár sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3386636C-2078-4D3A-A564-66A25F5C75AC</p><p>Figs 56–58, 106</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Closely related to Zodarion simplex Jocqué, 2011 by similar median and tibial apophyses, but differs by a stouter retrolateral tibial apophysis (cf. Fig. 57C, F and Jocqué 2011: fig. 8), and the embolar tip gently curved distally (vs not curved, cf. Fig. 57B, 57E and Jocqué 2011: fig. 7). The female specimen can be distinguished from other species by simple, fusiform atria of epigyne (Fig. 58A–B).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific name is dedicated to Jakub Pekár, the second author’s son, who co-collected the material of this new species.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>OMAN • ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=57.604&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.069" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 57.604/lat 23.069)">Wadi Bani Habib</a>; 23.069° N, 57.604° E; 652 m a.s.l.; 31 Jan. 2023; J. Pekár leg.; NMP P6A 7506.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>OMAN • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; NMP P6A 7507, NMP P6A 7508 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>OMAN • 14 juv.; same collection data as for holotype; CMU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=57.213&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.205" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 57.213/lat 23.205)">Wadi Ghul</a>; 23.205° N, 57.213° E; 1031 m a.s.l.; 13 Feb. 2022; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♀, 4 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=57.135&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.228" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 57.135/lat 23.228)">Misfah</a>; 23.228° N, 57.135° E; 1000 m a.s.l.; 28 Jan. 2023; S. Pekár leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (holotype NMP P6A 7506)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 56A–B). Carapace, chelicerae, sternum, labium, gnathocoxae and spinnerets pale, with no pattern except for a dark ocular area on carapace; ocular area almost slender. Legs uniformly yellow. Palpal segments pale except cymbium, cymbium light brown anteriorly and pale posteriorly. Abdomen crumpled; dorsum white anteriorly and dark posteriorly, venter pale; PVS present.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 2.35; carapace 1.2 long, 0.9 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.13, ALE = PME= PLE 0.07, AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.02, ALE–ALE 0.3, PME–PME 0.15, PLE–PLE 0.32, PME–PLE 0.03. Legs: I 6.03 (1.45, 0.76, 1.48, 1.04, 1.3), II 5.8 (1.3, 0.72, 1.34, 1.45, 0.99), III 5.02 (1.3, 0.67, 1.01, 1.04, 1), IV 6.9 (1.65, 0.76, 1.56, 1.61, 1.32). Palp: 1.24 (0.42, 0.22, 0.1, 0.5).</p><p>PALP (Fig. 57A–F). RTA triangular, with a dentate tip. Cymbium elongated, cymbial tip as long as bulb. Tegulum simple, without any posterior process. Median apophysis sickle-shaped. Embolus simple, embolar tip slightly curved distally.</p><p>Female (paratype NMP P6A 7507)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 56C–D). Prosoma entirely similar to that of male. Abdomen light brown dorsally and pale ventrally; PVS present.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 2.63; carapace 1.24 long, 0.93 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE=PME = PLE 0.07, AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.03, ALE–ALE 0.33, PME–PME 0.17, PLE–PLE 0.37, PME–PLE 0.03. Legs: I (1.76, 0.38, 1.33, 1.52, tarsus missing), II (1.6, other segments missing), III 5.36 (1.47, 0.29, 1.26, 1.56, 0.78), IV (2.02, other segments missing). Palp: 1.12 (0.43, 0.16, 0.1, 0.56).</p><p>EPIGYNE (Fig. 58A–D). Epigyne with fusiform atria. Posterior margin of epigyne distinctly incised and covered by a medium-sized hood; spermathecae small, divergent and separated by 5.46 times their diameter. Vulva very simple, comprising a pair of large and fusiform wings, situated obliquely downward to each other and ended to spermathecal heads.</p><p>Size variation</p><p>Total body length 2.35–2.66 in males (N =2) and 2.63–3.53 in females (N=4). Carapace length/width 1.2/ 0.86–0.9 in males and 1.24–1.66/ 0.93–1.26 in females.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>At present, known only from Oman. This is the first report of the family Zodariidae in Oman.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A154FF881632FED9501DFE3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A151FF88165FFA765400F83E.text	F910AB10A151FF88165FFA765400F83E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion jansseni Bosmans 2009	<div><p>Zodarion jansseni Bosmans, 2009</p><p>Fig. 59</p><p>Zodarion jansseni Bosmans 2009: 288, figs 162–163.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♀; Amfissa, Oros Lidorikin; 11 Jun. 1991; P.M. Giachino and D. Vailati leg.; MSNB .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description of female, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Greece.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A151FF88165FFA765400F83E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A150FF8B1647F988541EFDF4.text	F910AB10A150FF8B1647F988541EFDF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion judaeorum Levy 1992	<div><p>Zodarion judaeorum Levy, 1992</p><p>Figs 60–61</p><p>Zodarion judaeorum Levy, 1992: 98, figs 98–102.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ISRAEL • ♂; Jerusalem; 11 May 1991; G. Levy leg.; HUJ 14565.</p><p>Paratype</p><p>ISRAEL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 7 May 1991; HUJ 14564 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The overall body size, morphology, and male palp structure of Z. judaeorum closely resemble those observed in the genus Palaestina . However, Z. judaeorum lacks the coarse cheliceral dentition that serves as the distinguishing feature of Palaestina . Further investigation is necessary to clarify the phylogenetic relationship between Z. judaeorum and Palaestina .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A150FF8B1647F988541EFDF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A14DFF941652FED95017FB77.text	F910AB10A14DFF941652FED95017FB77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion karpathos Bosmans 2009	<div><p>Zodarion karpathos Bosmans, 2009</p><p>Figs 62, 105</p><p>Zodarion karpathos Bosmans, 2009: 253, figs 96–99.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>GREECE • ♂; Dodekanisa, Karpathos, Volada; 20 Sep. 2000; B. Knoflach &amp; K. Thaler leg.; NMBE-AR4144.</p><p>Paratype</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; NMBE-AR4144 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>TURKEY • 2 ♂♂; Isparta, Eğridir, surrounding of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.918&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.921" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.918/lat 37.921)">Eğridir Lake</a>; 37.921° N, 30.918° E; 946 m a.s.l.; 10 Jun. 2007; O. Seyyar leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description of male, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>This species was previously recorded in Greece (World Spider Catalog 2025). This is the first report of this species from Turkey, and represents, therefore, the easternmost occurrence of this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A14DFF941652FED95017FB77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A14DFF94164DFB375400F80F.text	F910AB10A14DFF94164DFB375400F80F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion killini Bosmans 2009	<div><p>Zodarion killini Bosmans, 2009</p><p>Fig. 63</p><p>Zodarion killini Bosmans, 2009: 289, figs 164–165.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Type material examined (holotype not examined)</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>GREECE • 2 ♀♀; Peloponnisos, Korinthia, Oros Killini, Pheneos Pass; 880 m a.s.l.; 19 Sep. 1993; B. Knoflach leg.; NMBE-AR4158 .</p><p>Paratype</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♂ (subadult); same collection data as for holotype; NMBE-AR4158 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description of female, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Greece.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A14DFF94164DFB375400F80F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A14FFF911641F94554EDFE67.text	F910AB10A14FFF911641F94554EDFE67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion konradi Bosmans 2009	<div><p>Zodarion konradi Bosmans, 2009</p><p>Figs 64–65</p><p>Zodarion graecum Brignoli, 1984: 311, figs 37–39.</p><p>Zodarion konradi Bosmans, 2009: 268, figs 132–133, 160–161.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>GREECE • ♂; Peloponnisos, Lakonia, Oros Taigetos, Aghios Elias; 2400 m a.s.l.; 26 Sep. 1985; B. Knoflach and K. Thaler leg.; NMBE-AR3668.</p><p>Paratype</p><p>GREECE • ♀; Oros Taigetos, Moni Panaghia Giatrissa; 1100 m a.s.l.; 30 Sep. 1991; B. Knoflach and K. Thaler leg.; NMBE-AR3668 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♀; Corfu, Agios Georgios; 8 Apr. 2004; F. Šťáhlavský leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As the prosoma of the specimen was missing, it could not be photographed.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>North Macedonia, Greece.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A14FFF911641F94554EDFE67	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A148FF921657FE235460FCF6.text	F910AB10A148FF921657FE235460FCF6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion kossamos Bosmans 2009	<div><p>Zodarion kossamos Bosmans, 2009</p><p>Fig. 66</p><p>Zodarion kossamos Bosmans, 2009: 253, figs 100–103, 146–147.</p><p>Zodarion kossamos – Lecigne 2011: 75, figs P120–125, S4–5.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.97&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.744" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.97/lat 36.744)">Kos</a>, Kefalos; 36.744° N, 26.970° E; 100 m a.s.l.; 18 Aug. 2010; A. Exnerová leg.; CMU .</p><p>TURKEY • 2 ♂♂; Antalya, Akseki, surrounding of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.635&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.034" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.635/lat 37.034)">Altınbeşik Cave</a>; 37.034° N, 31.635° E; 471 m a.s.l.; 17 Apr. 2008; O. Seyyar leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Greece, Turkey.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A148FF921657FE235460FCF6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A14BFF9D163FFCB75465FC39.text	F910AB10A14BFF9D163FFCB75465FC39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion levyi Shafaie & Pekar 2025	<div><p>Zodarion levyi Shafaie &amp; Pekár sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F5D64ED9-3627-4905-A456-134F362A4231</p><p>Figs 67–69, 106</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>This new species is most similar to Z. beroni by the small body size and asymmetrically bi-concave embolar tip (Fig. 68G vs Fig. 37F) but can be distinguished by the following characters: (1) a more extended prolateral process of median apophysis (vs elongated, cf. Fig. 68B, E and Fig. 37B); and (2) slightly convergent embolar arms (vs divergent arms, cf. Fig. 68G and Fig. 37F). Females of Z. levyi sp. nov. can be recognized from the other members of the thoni -group by an extended median septum (Fig. 69A–B), whereas it is less extended in Z. beroni (Fig. 37D), Z. granulatum (Fig. 53D), Z. namrun (Fig. 82A–B), Z. reticulatum (Fig. 90D), Z. rhodiense (Fig. 92D), and Z. thoni (Fig. 96D).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>This species is named after the late Gershom Levy, an Israeli arachnologist.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ISRAEL • ♂; Odem Forest, Golan Heights; 1 May 1996; J. Levy leg.; HUJINV-Ar 21303.</p><p>Paratype</p><p>ISRAEL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; HUJINV-Ar 21304 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>ISRAEL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CMU • 3 ♀♀; Odem Forest; 33.206° N, 35.736° E; 29 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár and V. Opatová leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 4 May 2023; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.764&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.288" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.764/lat 33.288)">Har Hermon</a>; 33.288° N, 35.764° E; 5 May 2023; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>SYRIA • 1 ♂; W Homs, Al-Zarah; 28 Mar. 2001; O. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (holotype HUJINV-Ar 21303)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 67A–B). Carapace and chelicerae light brown; mouthparts basally light brown and apically pale; sternum yellow. All legs yellow. Palpal segments yellow. Abdomen dorsally black, with a shiny, black scutum, venter of abdomen and spinnerets slightly dirty yellow; PVS present.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 2.44; carapace 1.25 long, 0.89 wide. Clypeus 0.14 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.13, ALE=PME 0.09, PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.03, ALE–ALE 0.29, AME–PME 0.05, PME–PME 0.33, PME–PLE 0.05, PLE–PLE 0.26, ALE–PLE 0.1. Legs: I 3.55 (0.99, 0.39, 0.72, 0.89, 0.56), II 2.97 (0.82, 0.36, 0.52, 0.75, 0.52), III 2.89 (0.79, 0.33, 0.56, 0.75, 0.46), IV 4.31 (1.15, 0.36, 0.92, 1.22, 0.66). Palp: 0.89 (0.29, 0.13, 0.05, 0.42).</p><p>PALP (Fig. 68A–G). RTA broad, with a claw-shaped extension. Median apophysis broad, rectangular, with an oval leaf-shaped PMA. Embolus short, with a bifurcated tip including two convergent arms. Female (paratype HUJINV-Ar 21304)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 67C–D). Carapace, chelicerae and palp yellow; mouthparts, sternum, spinnerets, legs and abdomen ventrally pale. Abdomen dorsum brownish without scutum; PVS present.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 2.9; carapace 1.25 long, 0.89 wide. Clypeus 0.14 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE= PME 0.1, PLE 0.09, AME–AME 0.09, AME–ALE 0.03, ALE–ALE 0.36, AME–PME 0.09, PME–PME 0.39, PME–PLE 0.09, PLE–PLE 0.23, ALE–PLE 0.15. Legs: I 3.25 (0.89, 0.36, 0.62, 0.79, 0.59), II 2.85 (0.75, 0.29, 0.59, 0.66, 0.56), III 2.98 (0.79, 0.39, 0.52, 0.79, 0.49), IV 4.28 (1.32, 0.46, 0.66, 1.25, 0.59). Palp: 0.98 (0.31, 0.14, 0.07, 0.46).</p><p>EPIGYNE (Fig. 69A–D). Epigyne comprising a clearly distinctive, transverse brace-shaped median septum, with deep copulatory openings, anteriorly covered by a hooded, emarginated arch and laterally surrounded by coiled spermathecae running divergently, visible by transparency. Vulva comprises divergent spermathecal ducts terminally expanded inward.</p><p>Size variation</p><p>Total body length 2.44–3.06, carapace length/width 1.25–1.53/ 0.89–1.06 in males (N =2). Total body length 2.8–2.9, carapace length/width 1.25–1.33/ 0.86–0.89 in females (N=2).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Israel and Syria.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A14BFF9D163FFCB75465FC39	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A147FF9815F6FED95467FE3B.text	F910AB10A147FF9815F6FED95467FE3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion luctuosum (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1872)	<div><p>Zodarion luctuosum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)</p><p>Figs 70–71</p><p>Enyo luctuosa O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 270 .</p><p>Zodarion luctuosum – Kulczyński 1911: 26, pl. 1 fig. 24. — Denis 1937: 13, pl. 2 figs 12–14. — Levy 1992: 88, figs 62–66.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Syntypes</p><p>ISRAEL • 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 1 juv.; Jericho; OUMNH, Bot. 441, tube 1 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>ISRAEL • 5 ♂♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.781&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.857" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.781/lat 30.857)">Midreshet Sde Boker</a>; 30.857° N, 34.781° E; 1 Apr. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; s. loc.; 1 Apr. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 3 ♀♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.122&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.345" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.122/lat 31.345)">Har Amasa</a>; 31.345° N, 35.122° E; 5 Apr. 2016; S. Korenko leg.; CMU • 6 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 2 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.218&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.267" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.218/lat 31.267)">Arad</a>; 31.267° N, 35.218° E; 5 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU .</p><p>PALESTINE • 1 ♀; Jericho or Bethlehem; MNHN-AR2849 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Among the specimens in Simon’s collection labeled as Z. longipes (MNHN-AR2849), we identified a single female specimen of Z. luctuosum .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Israel, Palestine.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A147FF9815F6FED95467FE3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A141FF9815EEFDF35628F8B5.text	F910AB10A141FF9815EEFDF35628F8B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion lutipes (O. Pickard-Cambridge 1872)	<div><p>Zodarion lutipes (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)</p><p>Figs 72–75</p><p>Enyo lutipes O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 272 .</p><p>Zodarion lutipes – Kulczyński 1911: 26, pl. 1 figs 25–26. — Denis 1937: 38, pl. 8 fig. 64. — Levy 1992: 89, figs 67–71. — Bosmans 2009: 281, figs 184–185, 194–195. — Al-Khazali 2022: 380, figs 1–4.</p><p>Zodarion atriceps – Kulczyński 1911: 26, pl. 1 fig. 23.</p><p>Zodarion nitidum – Denis 1937: 6; 1962: 31, fig. 2 (partially misidentified).</p><p>Acanthinozodium lutipes – Ono &amp; Jocqué 1986: 6.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Syntypes</p><p>ISRAEL • 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, 1 juv.; Jerusalem; OUMNH, Bot. 441, tube 3 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>ISRAEL • 1 ♂, 6 ♀♀, 1 juv.; Jerusalem; MNHN-AR2857 • 2 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.823&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.364" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.823/lat 31.364)">Lehavim</a>; 31.364° N, 34.823° E; 9 Mar. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 10 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 4 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 1 Apr. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 juv.; Jerusalem, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.931&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.641" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.931/lat 31.641)">Adullam</a>; 31.641° N, 34.931° E; 29 Mar. 2007; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 3 ♂♂, 1 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.122&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.345" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.122/lat 31.345)">Har Amasa</a>; 31.345° N, 35.122° E; 3 Apr. 2016; S. Pekár and S. Korenko leg.; CMU • 3 ♂♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.218&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.267" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.218/lat 31.267)">Arad</a>; 31.267° N, 35.218° E; 3 Apr. 2017; S. Pekár and S. Korenko leg.; CMU .</p><p>PALESTINE • 2 ♂♂; Jericho or Bethlehem; MNHN-AR2849 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Levy (1992).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>During the examination of material from Simon’s collection, we discovered that several specimens of Z. lutipes had been misidentified and labeled as Z. longipes and Z. longipes rubidum . Moreover, the epigyne of one of these specimens corresponds well with the illustration of Z. nitidum provided by Denis (1962) (cf. Fig. 73E and Fig. 73F, respectively).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Cyprus, Israel, Lebanon, Jordan, Iran, Iraq, Palestine.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A141FF9815EEFDF35628F8B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A17CFFA71633FED95658FDF9.text	F910AB10A17CFFA71633FED95658FDF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion milani Shafaie & Pekar 2025	<div><p>Zodarion milani Shafaie &amp; Pekár sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6E2ADB03-2768-49EC-8744-4B9488A6DCB7</p><p>Figs 76–77, 106</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Males of this new species are similar to those of Z. rhodiense in body size and the coloration of the prosoma and legs, but they can be distinguished by their flattened embolar tip and the spine-like appendix (Fig. 77G vs Fig. 92F).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species is named after our colleague, Milan Řezáč, who collected the specimens.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>SYRIA • ♂; Mashta Al-Helu; 3 Apr. 2001; M. Řezáč leg.; NMP P6A 7509.</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>SYRIA • 1 ♂; Al-Qadmus, Al-Kahf Castle; 5 Apr. 2001; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (holotype NMP P6A 7509)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 76A–B). Carapace and chelicerae brown; chelicerae with a longitudinal black stripe. Sternum and mouthparts brownish. Cx greyish, black distally; Fe black, with two pairs of longitudinal yellow stripes; Pa I, Ti I–III, Mt and Ta I–IV pale. Pa II–IV and Ti IV pale ventrally and dark laterally. Palpal femur black, with two pairs of orange stripes, patella and tibia pale ventrally and dark laterally, and cymbium brown, with yellow tip. Abdomen dorsum black, with an oval scutum, venter black except for brownish epiandrous; PVS present. Spinnerets black basally and pale apically.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 4.55; carapace 2.34 long, 1.58 wide. Clypeus 0.26 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE= PME 0.1, PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.01, ALE–ALE 0.4, AME–PME 0.07, PME–PME 0.45, PME–PLE 0.1, PLE–PLE 0.27, ALE–PLE 0.2. Legs: I 7.77 (1.98, 0.72, 1.65, 2.14, 1.28), II 7 (1.91, 0.72, 1.38, 1.94, 1.05), III 7.01 (1.91, 0.69, 1.28, 2.14, 0.99), IV 9.64 (2.70, 0.75, 2.24, 2.8, 1.15). Palp: 2.37 (0.85, 0.39, 0.16, 0.95).</p><p>PALP (Fig. 77A–G). RTA broad, with a claw-shaped extension. Median apophysis rectangular, with a beak-shaped PMA, companied by a blunt prolateral extension. Embolus with a flattened embolar tip accompanied by a lateral spine-like appendix.</p><p>Female</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Size variation</p><p>Total body length 4.55–4.57, carapace length/width 2.34–2.35/1.58– 1 in males (N= 2).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>At present, known only from the type locality in Syria.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A17CFFA71633FED95658FDF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A17EFFA7164BFDB251CEF92A.text	F910AB10A17EFFA7164BFDB251CEF92A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion morosum Denis 1935	<div><p>Zodarion morosum Denis, 1935</p><p>Figs 78–79, 105</p><p>Zodarion morosum Denis, 1935b: 78, figs 22–24.</p><p>Zodarion aegaeum Denis, 1935b: 81, fig. 25.</p><p>Zodarion morosum – Karol 1969: 201, figs 1–11. — Deltshev 1987: 19, fig. 1.1–2. — Kovblyuk 2003: 177, figs 1–8, 14–16. — Bosmans 2009: 236, figs 20–22, 54–55. — Lecigne 2011: 75, figs P125– 128, S6–7. — Seropian et al. 2023: 293, figs 136–137. — Nae 2023: 56, figs 1–6.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>GREECE • 2 ♀♀; E Olympos, Leptokarya, Olympic River; 9 Jun. 1996; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 22 Jun. 2008; M. Schröder leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.703&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.01" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.703/lat 41.01)">Aladjagiola Wetland</a> (N of Chrisoupoli); 41.01° N, 24.703° E; 18 Jun. 2004; S. Buchholz leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 22 Jun. 2008; M. Schröder leg.; CMU • 4 ♂♂, 1 juv.; Lesvos; 18 May 2006; W. Nentwig leg.; CMU • 14 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 15 Jun. 2006; W. Nentwig leg.; CMU .</p><p>SYRIA • 1 ♀; Latakia; MNHN-AR2857 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Examination of the material from the Simon collection (MNHN-AR2857) revealed a female specimen of Z. morosum .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>This species was formerly recorded from North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Turkey, Ukraine, and Russia (World Spider Catalog 2025); this is the first report of this species from Syria.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A17EFFA7164BFDB251CEF92A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A17BFFAC1641FED95769FBF5.text	F910AB10A17BFFAC1641FED95769FBF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion namrun Dimitrov 2024	<div><p>Zodarion namrun Dimitrov, 2024</p><p>Figs 80–82, 106</p><p>Zodarion namrun Dimitrov, 2024: 116, figs 15–17, 19–20.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>For male diagnosis, refer to Dimitrov (2024). The general epigynal shape of Z. namrun is similar to that of Z. thoni, except for the spermathecae strongly converging posteriorly (vs slightly converging posteriorly, cf. Fig. 82A–B and Fig. 96D) and the size of distal spermathecal ducts (smallest vs with the same size, cf. Fig. 82C and Fig. 96E).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>TURKEY • 2 ♂♂; Kahramanmaraş, Göksun, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.511&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.511/lat 37.945)">Püren Moutain Pass</a>; 37.945° N, 36.511° E; 1518 m a.s.l.; 17 Jun. 2008; O. Seyyar leg.; NMP P6A 7503, NMP P6A 7504 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; NMP P6A 7505 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description of male, refer to Dimitrov (2024).</p><p>Female (NMP P6A 7505)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 80C–D). Carapace distally yellowish-brown, anteriorly brown; clypeus and chelicerae brown; mouthparts yellow basally and pale apically; sternum greyish. All legs yellow except for entirely dark Fe I and II. Palpal segments yellow. Abdomen dorsum black, with no pattern; venter mostly dark except for a pair of pale, converging patches and a light area around the copulatory organ; PVS present. Spinnerets light grey basally, whitish apically.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 5.01; carapace 2.21 long, 1.48 wide. Clypeus 0.33 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.1, PME=PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.02, ALE–ALE 0.41, AME–PME 0.07, PME–PME 0.45, PME–PLE 0.1, PLE–PLE 0.27, ALE–PLE 0.21. Legs: I 6.68 (1.74, 0.66, 1.45, 1.81, 1.02), II 5.96 (1.61, 0.66, 1.12, 1.65, 0.92), III 6.21 (1.81, 0.69, 1.08, 1.81, 0.82), IV 8.25 (2.21, 0.77, 1.94, 2.44, 0.89). Palp: 1.87 (0.69, 0.33, 0.33, 0.52).</p><p>EPIGYNE (Fig. 82A–D). Epigyne with strongly converging spermathecae; vulva comprising three globular, voluminous and convergent bodies, arranged by size from largest to smallest.</p><p>Size variation</p><p>Total body length 3.56–4.12, carapace length/width 1.8–1.84/ 1.3–1.42 in males (N =3).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>At present, known only from Turkey.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A17BFFAC1641FED95769FBF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A174FFA91660FED9541EFB84.text	F910AB10A174FFA91660FED9541EFB84.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion nicki Strand 1914	<div><p>Zodarion nicki Strand, 1914</p><p>Figs 83–87, 106</p><p>Zodarium nicki Strand, 1914: 181 .</p><p>Zodarion nicki – Denis 1937: 41.</p><p>Zodarion nitidum – Levy 1992: 86 (partially misidentified).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to the diagnosis for Z. nitidum .</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ISRAEL • ♀; Jaffa-Rehovoth; 25 Jun. 1913; E. Strand leg.; SMF 2969.</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>ISRAEL • 3 ♂♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.784&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.854" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.784/lat 30.854)">Halukim</a>; 30.854° N, 34.784° E; 16 Apr. 2001; S. Pekár leg.; HUJINV-Ar 21305 to HUJINV-Ar 21307 • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding, HUJINV-Ar 21308, HUJINV-Ar 21309 • 7 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 2 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Sep. 2011; S. Korenko leg.; CMU • 51 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 4 Apr. 2016; S. Pekár, S. Korenko and E. Líznarová leg.; CMU • 15 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, 4 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; May 2017; O. Macháč leg.; CMU • 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 4 Apr. 2019; S. Korenko leg.; CMU • 15 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, 4 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.781&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.857" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.781/lat 30.857)">Midreshet Sde Boker</a>; 30.857° N, 34.781° E; 2 Mar. 2018; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 2 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Apr. 2019; S. Pekár leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (HUJINV-Ar 21305)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 84A–B). Carapace, chelicerae, sternum and mouthparts black. Cx I–III black, Cx IV brown; Fe of all legs black; Pa and Ti I yellow, with a few greyish spots; Pa and Ti II–IV entirely grey; Mt and Ta of all legs greyish-yellow. Abdomen and spinnerets black; PVS present.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 2.85; carapace 1.35 long, 1.1 wide. Clypeus 0.08 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE =PME 0.06, PLE 0.04, AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.02, ALE–ALE 0.27, AME–PME 0.06, PME–PME 0.31, PME–PLE 0.05, PLE–PLE 0.21, ALE–PLE 0.09. Legs: I 7.25 (1.64, 0.59, 1.58, 1.95, 1.49), II 6.38 (1.55, 0.55, 1.49, 1.8, 0.99), III 6.59 (1.58, 0.82, 1.35, 1.79, 1.05), IV 7.79 (2.11, 0.59, 1.61, 2.3, 1.18). Palp: 1.09 (0.47, 0.22, 0.13, 0.27).</p><p>PALP (Fig. 85A–F). Palp entirely similar to that of Z. nitidum (for a detailed description, refer to Levy 1992: cf. figs 57–59).</p><p>Redescription</p><p>Female (HUJINV-Ar 21308)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 84C–D). Carapace and abdomen similar to those in male. Cx I and II blackish, Cx III and IV greyish-yellow, with disparate black spots; Fe I and II entirely black, Fe III and IV yellow proximally and black distally; Pa I and II entirely yellow, Pa III and IV greyish, with yellow median part; Ti and Mt I and II yellow, with several greyish spots; Ti III and IV black, with a pair of parallel, yellow stripes; Mt and Ta of all legs yellow. Palp segments black. Spinnerets greyish basally and yellow apically.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 2.89; carapace 1.33 long, 0.96 wide. Clypeus 0.18 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE=PME 0.06, PLE 0.05, AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.03, ALE–ALE 0.3, AME–PME 0.07, PME–PME 0.36, PME–PLE 0.06, PLE–PLE 0.2, ALE–PLE 0.18. Legs: I 5.48 (1.33, 0.49, 1.52, 1.24, 0.9), II 4.82 (1.24, 0.93, 0.46, 1.36, 0.83), III 4.58 (1.18, 0.46, 0.9, 1.39, 0.65), IV 6.25 (1.58, 0.68, 1.36, 1.8, 0.83). Palp: 1.37 (0.49, 0.3, 0.15, 0.43).</p><p>EPIGYNE (Fig. 86A–D). Epigyne comprising a transverse plate, with highly sclerotized margins on both anterolateral sides; vulva with divergently twisted spermathecal ducts.</p><p>Size variation</p><p>Total body length varies from 2.4 to 3.4 in males (N = 6) and 2.89–4.8 in females (N =7). Carapace length/width 1.3–1.6/ 1.05–1.2 in male and 1.33–2/ 0.96–1.5 in females. For the carapace length/width ratio, refer to Fig. 87.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Zodarion nicki was first described by Strand (1914). Comparing the physical type specimen with Strand’s description revealed that while the somatic features of the holotype have deteriorated over time; the epigyne structure remains sufficiently well-preserved and closely resembles that of Z. nitidum (Fig. 83C–D cf. Fig. 31A–B, respectively). A detailed comparison between the holotype and newly collected material from Israel shows complete concordance in both somatic and copulatory structures. Therefore, a redescription of the female is provided here based on the new material, and the male is described here for the first time. In light of recent studies by Pekár et al. (2022) and Ortiz et al. (2024), which confirmed premating isolation and phylogenomic divergence between Z. nicki and Z. nitidum, we reject the previously proposed synonymy and reaffirm Z. nicki as a valid species.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Israel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A174FFA91660FED9541EFB84	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A173FFAB1672FED95494FD1F.text	F910AB10A173FFAB1672FED95494FD1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion pirini Drensky 1921	<div><p>Zodarion pirini Drensky, 1921</p><p>Fig. 88</p><p>Zodarion gallicum pirini Drensky, 1921: 35, 77, pl. 1 fig. 8.</p><p>Zodarion pirini Deltshev, 1987: 20, figs 2.1–3, 3.1–3.</p><p>Zodarion gallicum pirini – Drensky 1940: 173, fig. 3a.</p><p>Zodarion pirini – Bosmans 2009: 233, figs 44–47, 68–69.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.703&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.007" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.703/lat 41.007)">Aladjagiola Wetland</a> (N of Chrisoupoli); 41.007° N, 24.703° E; 8 May 2004; S. Buchholz leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 8 July 2008; M. Schröder leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Bulgaria, Greece.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A173FFAB1672FED95494FD1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A172FFAB163CFD2C578EF838.text	F910AB10A172FFAB163CFD2C578EF838.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion reticulatum Kulczynski 1908	<div><p>Zodarion reticulatum Kulczyński, 1908</p><p>Figs 89–90, 105</p><p>Zodarion reticulatum Kulczyński, 1908: 61, pl. 2 fig. 16.</p><p>Zodarion reticulatum – Levy 1992: 93. — Bosmans 2009: 280, figs 174–175, 182–183. — Lecigne &amp; Henrard 2022: 37, fig. 5d, g.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009) and Lecigne &amp; Henrard (2022).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>CYPRUS • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=33.123&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.941" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 33.123/lat 34.941)">Olympus Mount</a>, Apliki; 34.941° N, 33.123° E; 720 m a.s.l.; 27 Apr. 2022; S. Pekár, S. Shafaie, V. Šoltýsová and O. Michálek leg.; CMU • 1 ♂ (subadult); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.828&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.977" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.828/lat 34.977)">Olympus Mount</a>, Moutoulas Mountain; 34.977° N, 32.828° E; 800 m a.s.l.; 25 Apr. 2022; S. Pekár, S. Shafaie, V. Šoltýsová and O. Michálek leg.; CMU • 3 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.837&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.063" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.837/lat 35.063)">Lefka Dam</a>; 35.063° N, 32.837° E; 288 m a.s.l.; 25 Apr. 2022; S. Pekár, S. Shafaie, V. Šoltýsová and O. Michálek leg.; CMU .</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♀; Grevena, Kalamitsi; 15 Aug. 1999; CMU .</p><p>TURKEY • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Konakli, Macchie Hill, 10 km W of Alanya; 20 May 2005; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 19 May 2005; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; s. loc.; 21 Jun. 2003; CMU • 1 ♀; Erzincan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.705&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.589" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.705/lat 39.589)">Çağlayan</a>; 39.589° N, 39.705° E; 1541 m a.s.l.; 24 Jun. 2002; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Lecigne &amp; Henrard (2022).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>As in Z. granulatum, males of Z. reticulatum possess longer PVS, arranged in a somewhat radiating pattern (Fig. 89B), whereas females exhibit shorter, more parallel PVS structures (Fig. 89D).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Previous studies recorded Z. reticulatum in Cyprus and Greece (World Spider Catalog 2025). This is the first report of this species from Turkey and represents, therefore, the northwesternmost occurrence of this species across its distribution range.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A172FFAB163CFD2C578EF838	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A16CFFB01626F97D5712FE47.text	F910AB10A16CFFB01626F97D5712FE47.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion rhodiense Caporiacco 1948	<div><p>Zodarion rhodiense Caporiacco, 1948</p><p>Figs 91–92, 105</p><p>Zodarion rhodiense Caporiacco, 1948: 47, fig. 5.</p><p>Zodarion rhodiense – Brignoli 1984: 317, figs 50–53. — Dimitrov 2024: 113, figs 1–9.</p><p>Zodarion rhodiense nigrifemur – Caporiacco 1948: 49.</p><p>Zodarion nigrifemur – Bosmans 2009: 279, figs 172–173, 180–181. — Lecigne &amp; Henrard 2022: 33, figs 1a–d, 2a–g, 3a–e, 4a–h, 5a. — Seropian et al. 2023: 293, figs 138–140. — Dimitrov 2024: 113, figs 1–9.</p><p>Zodarion thoni – Lecigne 2021: 34, fig. 55a–b.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Lecigne &amp; Henrard (2022) and Dimitrov (2024).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>CYPRUS • 4 ♀♀, 5 juv.; Kyrenia Mountain range, Saint Hilarion Castle, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=33.202&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.309" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 33.202/lat 35.309)">Sysklipos</a> (Akcicek); 35.309° N, 33.202° E; 329 m a.s.l.; 27 Apr. 2022; S. Pekár, S. Shafaie, V. Šoltýsová and O. Michálek leg.; CMU .</p><p>GREECE • 2 ♀♀, 1 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.291&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.22" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.291/lat 39.22)">Lesvos</a>; 39.220° N, 26.291° E; 967 m a.s.l.; 15 Jun. 2006; W. Nentwig leg.; CMU .</p><p>SYRIA • 2 ♀♀; Hanna Area; 11 Apr. 2001; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>TURKEY • 1 ♀; Isparta, Aksu, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.291&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.656" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.291/lat 37.656)">Dedegöl Mountain</a>; 37.656° N, 31.291° E; 8 Jul. 2003; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Lecigne &amp; Henrard (2022).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>This species was previously reported from Georgia, Greece and Turkey; these are the first reports of this species from Cyprus and Syria, and represent, therefore, the southernmost occurrences of this species across its distribution range.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A16CFFB01626F97D5712FE47	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A169FFB1163FFE0454BAF939.text	F910AB10A169FFB1163FFE0454BAF939.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion spinibarbis Wunderlich 1973	<div><p>Zodarion spinibarbis Wunderlich, 1973</p><p>Figs 93–94</p><p>Zodarion spinibarbis Wunderlich, 1973: 173, figs 4–10.</p><p>Zodarion spinibarbis – Brignoli 1984: 319, fig. 45.</p><p>Zodarion spinibarbe – Bosmans 2009: 244, figs 72–75, 136–137. — Coşar et al. 2022: 232, figs 22–32. — Coşar &amp; Danışman 2024: 268, figs 23–24.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=22.982&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.325" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 22.982/lat 36.325)">Kythira</a>, Agia Pelagia; 36.325° N, 22.982° E; 383 m a.s.l.; 28 May 2003; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU .</p><p>TURKEY • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Kahramanmaraş, Andiran, Geben, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.448&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.448/lat 37.889)">Değirmendere</a>; 37.889° N, 36.448° E; 1518 m a.s.l.; 15 May 2008; O. Seyyar leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Greece and Turkey.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A169FFB1163FFE0454BAF939	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A168FFBC1661F8F5514CFE08.text	F910AB10A168FFBC1661F8F5514CFE08.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion thoni Nosek 1905	<div><p>Zodarion thoni Nosek, 1905</p><p>Figs 95–96, 105</p><p>Zodarion thoni Nosek, 1905: 128, fig. 10.</p><p>Refer to World Spider Catalog 2025.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009) and Lecigne &amp; Henrard (2022).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>CYPRUS • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.413&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.041" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.413/lat 35.041)">Latchi</a>, The Olympians Latchi Beach Villas; 35.041° N, 32.413° E; 7 m a.s.l.; 7–27 Aug. 2021; K.G. Mikhailov leg.; ZMMU .</p><p>GREECE • 2 ♂♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.97&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.744" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.97/lat 36.744)">Kos</a>, Kefalos; 36.744° N, 26.970° E; 100 m a.s.l.; 18 Aug. 2010; A. Exnerová leg.; CMU .</p><p>IRAN • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=44.932&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.461" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 44.932/lat 37.461)">Urmia</a>, Band; 37.461° N, 44.932° E; 1400 m a.s.l.; 29 Jun. 2022; S. Shafaie leg.; CMU .</p><p>TURKEY • 2 ♀♀; Agri, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=44.083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.547" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 44.083/lat 39.547)">Dogubeyazit</a>; 39.547° N, 44.083° E; 1625 m a.s.l.; 16 May 1997; V. Bryja leg.; CMU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Tunceli, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.561&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.957" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.561/lat 38.957)">Munzur River</a>; 38.957° N, 39.561° E; 22 Jun. 2002; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU • 1 ♂; Sivas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.6&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.883" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.6/lat 39.883)">Demiryurt</a>; 39.883° N, 37.6° E; 1542 m a.s.l.; 28 Jun. 2002; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Tokat, Pazar, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.301&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.227" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.301/lat 40.227)">Ballica Cave</a>; 40.227° N, 36.301° E; 1085 m a.s.l.; 1 Jul. 2002; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU • 1 ♀; Konakli, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.875&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.589" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.875/lat 36.589)">Macchie Hill</a>, 10 km W of Alanya; 36.589° N, 31.875° E; 800 m a.s.l.; 20 May 2005; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU • 5 ♂♂; Kayseri, Yahyali, near the Kapuzbaşı Waterfall; 26 May 2007; O. Seyyar leg.; CMU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 31 juv.; Cankiri, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=33.57&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 33.57/lat 40.389)">Ankara-Cankiri Highway</a>; 40.389° N, 33.570° E; 689 m a.s.l.; 15 Sep. 2010; Y.M. Marusik leg.; ZMUT • 4 juv.; Bilecik, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.701&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.95" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.701/lat 39.95)">Mezit</a>; 39.950° N, 29.701° E; 500 m a.s.l.; 26 Sep. 2010; Y.M. Marusik leg.; ZMUT .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Lecigne &amp; Henrard (2022).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Previous studies recorded this species in Eastern Europe, Cyprus, Turkey, the Caucasus, and Lebanon. The current study reported this species from Greece and Iran for the first time.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A168FFBC1661F8F5514CFE08	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A165FFBE165AFDC35022FEAA.text	F910AB10A165FFBE165AFDC35022FEAA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion tunetiacum Strand 1906	<div><p>Zodarion tunetiacum Strand, 1906</p><p>Figs 97–98, 106</p><p>Zodarium tunetiacum Strand, 1906: 669 .</p><p>Zodarium tunetiacum – Strand 1908: 86.</p><p>Zodarion tunetiacum – Denis 1937: 17, pl. 3 fig. 21.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>This species can be separated from Z. cyrenaicum by the presence of a horizontally curly brace-shaped protuberance in the middle of epigyne (vs absent in Z. cyrenaicum; cf. Fig. 98A–B and Fig. 46D).</p><p>Type material examined</p><p>Neotype (here designated)</p><p>EGYPT • ♀; Alexandria; MNHN-AR2854.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Examination of material from the Simon collection (MNHN-AR2854) led to the identification of a female specimen belonging to Z. tunetiacum . Although this species has not been listed as a nomen dubium by Nentwig et al. (2020) or World Spider Catalog (2025), our investigation revealed that the original type material was destroyed during World War II (J. Holstein pers. comm.). Therefore, we designate this specimen as the neotype and provide a redescription below to stabilize the taxonomic status of the species.</p><p>Redescription</p><p>Female</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 97A–B). Carapace dark brown laterally and reddish-brown medially; chelicerae reddish-brown; gnathocoxae greyish basally and yellowish apically, labium greyish, with reddish basal part; sternum greyish, with dark brown marginal part. Cx and Pa of all legs pale except for black Cx I. Fe I and II entirely black, Fe III and IV black on their second half. Ti dark brown, with a pair of longitudinal light stripes. Abdomen dorsum black, venter greyish laterally and slightly lighter medially; PVS present. Spinnerets greyish, with a pale median part.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 6.2; carapace 2.25 long, 1.6 wide. Clypeus 0.25 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.1, ALE 0.06, PME 0.05, PLE 0.04, AME–AME 0.15, AME–ALE 0.02, ALE– ALE 0.51, AME–PME 0.14, PME–PME 0.57, PME–PLE 0.06, PLE–PLE 0.38, ALE–PLE 0.25. Legs: I 8.48 (1.93, 0.9, 1.59, 2.46, 1.6), II 8.78 (1.9, 0.95, 1.65, 2.53, 1.75), III 9.24 (2, 1, 1.6, 2.81, 1.83), IV 9.91 (2.11, 1.2, 1.63, 3, 1.97). Palp: 2.4 (0.86, 0.58, 0.46, 0.77).</p><p>EPIGYNE (Fig. 98A–D). Epigyne comprising a traversed plate, proximally surrounded by undulating, highly sclerotized margins, attached in the middle and covering a horizontal curly brace-shaped protuberance in the middle and a series of membranous folds beneath. Vulva comprising a pair of black, globular bodies situated outwards, attached to medium-sized, lighter bodies, and ending at a pair of rather elongated and voluminous bodies, inclined medially.</p><p>Male</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Tunisia was the sole location for the occurrence of Z. tunetiacum . This is the first report of this species from Egypt and represents the easternmost occurrence of this species across its distribution range.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A165FFBE165AFDC35022FEAA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A167FFBF162BFE6354F4FCB4.text	F910AB10A167FFBF162BFE6354F4FCB4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion turcicum Wunderlich 1980	<div><p>Zodarion turcicum Wunderlich, 1980</p><p>Figs 99–100</p><p>Zodarion turcicum Wunderlich, 1980: 238, figs 25–28.</p><p>Zodarion turcicum – Dimitrov 1996: 157, figs 1–2. — Bosmans 2009: 235, figs 48–50, 70–71. — Bosmans et al. 2014: 100, fig. 1e–h. — Komnenov et al. 2016: 44, figs 112–113.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>GREECE • 1 ♂; 17 km aft. Dadia; 660 m a.s.l.; 22 Jun.–21 Jul. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; between Aisymi-Mega Dereio, 5 km bef.; 389 m a.s.l.; 23 Jun.–22 Jul. 2015; M. Chatzaki leg.; CMU .</p><p>TURKEY • 1 ♂; “Asie Mineure. (Merkl.)”; MNHN-AR2848 .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A167FFBF162BFE6354F4FCB4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A161FFB8167BFED9540FFB13.text	F910AB10A161FFB8167BFED9540FFB13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion van Bosmans 2009	<div><p>Zodarion van Bosmans, 2009</p><p>Figs 101–102</p><p>Zodarion van Bosmans, 2009: 258, figs 112–115, 152–153.</p><p>Zodarion van – Coşar &amp; Danışman 2021: 422, figs 17a–c, 18a–c. — Coşar 2021: 264, figs 5a–h, 6a–d, 7a–c. — Coşar et al. 2022: 229, figs 17–21.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Material examined</p><p>TURKEY • 2 ♂♂; Tunceli, Munzur River; 22 Jun. 2002; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU • 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Erzincan, Çağlayan; 24 Jun. 2002; J. Dolanský leg.; CMU • 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Kirşehir, between KırşehirAkpınar; 21 Jun. 2005; O. Seyyar leg.; CMU • 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Kirşehir, Kaman-Akpınar Road; 21 Jun. 2005; O. Seyyar leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>For a detailed description, refer to Bosmans (2009).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Specimens collected from Erzincan and Tunceli provinces are generally darker and smaller in size compared to those from other localities. However, they exhibit no discernible differences in copulatory organ morphology.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Turkey.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A161FFB8167BFED9540FFB13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
F910AB10A161FF441602FADB57F7FCB7.text	F910AB10A161FF441602FADB57F7FCB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zodarion zonsteini Shafaie & Pekar 2025	<div><p>Zodarion zonsteini Shafaie &amp; Pekár sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 584C924F-671D-49B4-AF2B-FE86C053A60C</p><p>Figs 103–104, 106</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>The copulatory organ details of Z. zonsteini sp. nov. are almost identical to those of Z. lutipes but the new species can be distinguished by (1) a different carapace/cymbium length ratio (1.36 vs 1.95), (2) a different bulb length/median apophysis width ratio (4.2 vs 3.4), and (3) a darker carapace and legs (cf. Fig. 103A–B and Fig. 74A–B).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific name is dedicated to Sergei Lev Zonstein, an Israeli arachnologist.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ISRAEL • ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.066&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.64" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.066/lat 32.64)">Eliakim</a>; 32.64° N, 35.066° E; 31 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár and V. Opatová leg.; NMP P6A 7510.</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>CYPRUS • 1 ♂ (subadult), 2 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.897&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.822" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.897/lat 34.822)">Agios Georgios</a>; 34.822° N, 32.897° E; 840 m a.s.l.; 29 Apr. 2022; S. Pekár, S. Shafaie, V. Šoltýsová and O. Michálek leg.; CMU .</p><p>ISRAEL • 16 juv.; same collection data as for holotype; CMU • 7 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.718&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.816" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.718/lat 32.816)">Geshur</a>; 32.816° N, 35.718° E; 30 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár leg.; CMU • 1 ♂, 8 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.478&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.894" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.478/lat 32.894)">Kadarim</a>; 32.894° N, 35.478° E; 31 Mar. 2023; S. Pekár and V. Opatová leg.; CMU • 1 juv.; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.41&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.996" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.41/lat 32.996)">Har Heron</a>; 32.996° N, 35.410° E; 3 May 2023; M. Řezáč leg.; CMU .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (holotype NMP P6A 7510)</p><p>HABITUS (Fig. 103A–B). Carapace reddish-brown companied by a lighter, butterfly-like mark on behind of fovea; clypeus, chelicerae reddish-brown; labium and gnathocoxae brownish, with lighter tips. Sternum yellow at the middle and slightly darker at borders. Cx I and Fe I and II entirely dark, Cx II dark on lateral sides, Cx III and IV yellowish, Fe III and IV light brown proximally and darker distally, with a pair of longitudinal, light stripes. Pa and Ti of all legs yellow, with greyish laterals, other segments entirely yellow. Palpal segments yellow, with pale cymbium. Abdomen dorsum entirely dark, venter dark except for lighter parts around the epiandrous and PVS. Spinnerets pale, with dark basal part.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Total length 4.49; carapace 2.16 long, 1.76 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE 0.11, PME=PLE 0.08, AME–AME 0.1, AME–ALE 0.02, ALE–ALE 0.36, PME–PME 0.23, PLE–PLE 0.4, PME–PLE 0.03. Legs: I 9.59 (2.6, 0.8, 2.26, 2.53, 1.4), II 9.19 (2.53, 1, 2.13, 2.4, 1.13), III 8.38 (2.26, 0.73, 1.66, 2.6, 1.13), IV 10.06 (3, 1, 2.53, 3.33, 1.2). Palp: 3.26 (1, 0.46, 0.2, 1.6).</p><p>PALP (Fig. 104A–C). Palp entirely similar to that of Z. lutipes but markedly larger (for a detailed description, refer to Levy 1992: cf. figs 67–69 and Bosmans 2009: cf. figs 184–185).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Although no structural differences were detected in the copulatory organs of Z. zonsteini sp. nov. and Z. lutipes, the two representatives exhibit notable disparities in overall body and copulatory organ dimensions. Particularly, the carapace and cymbium of Z. zonsteini are 1.31 and 1.76 times longer, respectively, than those of Z. lutipes . Such divergence in absolute copulatory organ dimensions may lead to mechanical incompatibility between sexes, potentially impeding successful copulation (Ramos et al. 2005). For instance, the relatively large palpal organs of Z. zonsteini might not be effectively paired with the smaller, heavily sclerotized epigyne of Z. lutipes . Moreover, the two species differ in somatic morphology, with Z. lutipes exhibiting a distinct bicolored carapace and lighter legs compared to Z. zonsteini . Similar patterns of morphological divergence have previously been observed in Z. nitidum and Z. nicki (refer to Pekár et al. 2022 and corresponding comments in this study). Based on these consistent morphological differences, we treat Z. zonsteini and Z. lutipes as separate species. Nevertheless, further examination of additional material will be necessary to fully resolve issues of species delimitation and taxonomic consistency.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>At present, known only from Israel and Cyprus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F910AB10A161FF441602FADB57F7FCB7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shafaie, Sepideh;Stano PEKÁR;Osman SEYYAR	Shafaie, Sepideh, Stano PEKÁR, Osman SEYYAR (2025): New data on zodariid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean. European Journal of Taxonomy 1016: 1-139, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.1016.3063, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3063/13687
