taxonID	type	description	language	source
FF79923BFFCE2209899CD932EC7DFD1E.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 2) The uncus is rather small, acute, biapical, with broadened lobes at the base. The gnathos arms are much reduced, forming a narrow medially broken ring. The proximal area of the anal tube is connected to the gnathos. The thin muscles m 1 run from the medio-lateral parts of the tegumen to the broadened lobes at the uncus base. The muscles m 2 (10) are attached to the tegumen, close to the proximal end of the muscles m 1, and run parallel to the subscaphium to the inner surface of the anal tube distally. The basal process of the costa valvae is rather large and the muscles m 3 (2) run to its ventral margin from the proximal part of the tegumen, slightly dorsad of the muscles m 4. The labides arising from the base of the costa valvae ventrally consist of rather short bent anterior arms with narrow finger-like setose ventral papillae curved laterally towards the juxta and thin posterior arms bearing setose papillae apically. The transtilla is band-like, arising from the base of the costa valvae dorsad of the labides. The muscles m 4, looking like two inseparable bundles, run from the ventral corner of the tegumen to the transtilla medially. The thin muscles m 5 (7) connect the inner wall of the valva (close to the base of the costa valvae) to the vinculum curve. The juxta is rather large, broadest crosswise, and the voluminous, curved muscles m 8 (3) extend from the medio-dorsal part of the juxta to the posterior area of the saccus. The small sacs of coremata are present at the lateral margin of vinculum. The aedeagus is rather large, broadest at the base, with several long and short cornuti of different shape in the vesica, with the muscles m 6 (5) running from the vinculum to the basal process of the aedeagus. The slightly twisted muscles m 7 (6) connect the lower margin of the saccus to the distal part of the aedeagus. Note. The genitalia of Eupithecia tantillaria (Boisduval, 1840) from the tantillaria species-group have been studied recently (Schmidt 2014 b). The male genital musculature of E. tantillaria and E. subfuscata is similar, including the twisted muscles m 6 (5).	en	Schmidt, Olga (2020): The structure and musculature of male terminalia in the Palaearctic and Indo- Australian species of the eupitheciine genera Eupithecia Curtis, Gymnoscelis Mabille, and Pasiphila Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae). Zootaxa 4896 (2): 224-238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.2.4
FF79923BFFCD2209899CDD5DEBCBF9D9.taxon	description	(Figs 3 – 4)	en	Schmidt, Olga (2020): The structure and musculature of male terminalia in the Palaearctic and Indo- Australian species of the eupitheciine genera Eupithecia Curtis, Gymnoscelis Mabille, and Pasiphila Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae). Zootaxa 4896 (2): 224-238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.2.4
FF79923BFFCD2209899CDD5DEBCBF9D9.taxon	description	The uncus is much reduced, modified, shaped like a thin plate, weakly sclerotized laterally and membranous apically, without a medial process characteristic of most Eupithecia species. The margins of the thin plate are partly fused with the anal tube; the latter is membranous, bearing an elongated subscaphium. The gnathos arms are much reduced, forming a medially broken ring. The proximal area of the anal tube is connected to the gnathos. The thin muscles m 1 connect the medio-lateral parts of the tegumen to the apical parts of the lateral sides of the uncus. The thin muscles m 2 (10) are attached to the tegumen, slightly dorsad of the proximal end of the muscles m 1 and run parallel to the subscaphium inside the anal tube. The basal process of the costa valvae is medium sized and the muscles m 3 (2) run to its ventral margin from the proximal part of the tegumen, close to the vinculum. The labides arising from the base of the costa valvae ventrally consist of rather short bent anterior arms with narrow finger-like setose ventral papillae curved towards the juxta laterally and thin posterior arms bearing setose papillae apically. The transtilla is band-like, arising from the base of the costa valvae dorsad of the labides. The muscles m 4, looking like two inseparable bundles, run from the ventral corner of the tegumen to the transtilla medially. The thin muscles m 5 (7) connect the inner wall of the valva (close to the base of costa valvae) to the middle part of the vinculum. The juxta is rather large, broadest crosswise. The saccus is relatively broad, distinctly excavate. The voluminous, curved muscles m 8 (3) broadly extend from the medio-dorsal area of the juxta to the posterior margin of the saccus, with lateral fibres slightly longer than the medial ones. The medium sized, ovate sacs of the coremata are present at the lateral margin of the vinculum. The aedeagus is large, broadest at the base, with several long and short cornuti of different shape in the vesica, with the muscles m 6 (5) running from the vinculum to the basal process of the aedeagus. The slightly twisted muscles m 7 (6) connect the large lateral curves of the saccus to the distal part of the aedeagus.	en	Schmidt, Olga (2020): The structure and musculature of male terminalia in the Palaearctic and Indo- Australian species of the eupitheciine genera Eupithecia Curtis, Gymnoscelis Mabille, and Pasiphila Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae). Zootaxa 4896 (2): 224-238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.2.4
FF79923BFFCD220D899CD89AED3EFD45.taxon	description	(Figs 5 – 6) The uncus is short, curved, somewhat finger-shaped, shifted to the ventral side of the tegumen. The tegumen is narrow, slightly expanded apically and hooded. The proximal area of the rather short anal tube is connected to the thin gnathos arms. The thin muscles m 1 run medially from the anterior margin of the tegumen to the base of the uncus. The muscles m 2 (10) run from the tegumen, to the inner surface of the subscaphium on the anal tube. The valva is narrow and almost parallel sided in its apical part, with well-defined costa. The unusually long muscles m 3 (2) are attached to the ventral part of the tegumen, run deep into the costa valvae and attach to the medial part of the costa valvae. The weakly sclerotized base of the costa valvae is connected to the lateral region of the rather short, band-like transtilla. The labides arising from the base of the costa valvae ventrally consist of thin, curved anterior arms connected to the juxta laterally and thin posterior arms with, as is typical for the eupitheciines, medium sized papillae. The slightly twisted muscles m 4 run from the lateral corners of the anterior margin of the tegumen, close to the m 3 (2), to the medial part of the rather small transtilla, whereas the ventral bunch runs to the medial, cupolashaped region of the transtilla, and the dorsal bunch runs to the membrane dorsad of the transtilla, as in G. derogata. The muscles m 5 (7) connect the medial part of the valvae with the weakly sclerotized hook close to the sacculus, with one bundle attached on the vinculum. The juxta is elongated dorso-ventrally, with the voluminous muscles m 8 (3) attached to the medio-dorsal area of the juxta, with the ventral layer of the muscles curved, short, running towards the ventral margin of the juxta and attached ventrad of it, and the dorsal layer long, connected to the upper margin of the saccus. The medium-sized, rounded sacs of coremata with long, thick hairs are present at the lateral margin of the vinculum. The aedeagus is medium sized, rather straight, with the muscles m 6 (5) running from the dorsal part of the vinculum, close to the m 5 (7), to the basal process of the aedeagus. The muscles m 7 a (6 a) run from the saccus, slightly ventrad of the long layer of muscles m 8 (3), to the medio-dorsal part of the aedeagus. The slightly narrower muscles m 7 b (6 b), which appear knotted, run from the medio-ventral part of the aedeagus, wrap around the m 7 a (6 a) and are inserted on the vinculum, close to the m 7 a (6 a).	en	Schmidt, Olga (2020): The structure and musculature of male terminalia in the Palaearctic and Indo- Australian species of the eupitheciine genera Eupithecia Curtis, Gymnoscelis Mabille, and Pasiphila Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae). Zootaxa 4896 (2): 224-238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.2.4
FF79923BFFC9220D899CDCE5EC61F976.taxon	description	(Figs 7 – 8) The uncus is finger-shaped, gradually broadening towards the base, shifted to the ventral side of the tegumen. The tegumen is narrow, moderately expanded dorsally and hooded, bearing the longitudinal sutures medio-laterally. The proximal area of the short anal tube is connected to the thin gnathos arms. The rather thin, relatively long muscles m 1 connect the lateral corners of the anterior margin of the tegumen to the base of the uncus. The muscles m 2 (10) run from the tegumen, close to the muscles m 1, to the inner surface of the subscaphium on the anal tube. There is a small, somewhat staple-like process at the area of connection of the tegumen to the vinculum. The valva bears a short suture at the base of the costa, with the proximal end of the suture fused with the staple-like process. The rather short muscles m 3 (2) extend from the area of fusion of the short suture with the tegumen, on the tegminal side, to the basal part of the valva, near the costa. The base of the costa valvae is connected to the lateral membranous region of the band-like transtilla. The labides arising from the base of the costa valvae ventrally consist of thin, curved anterior arms connected to the juxta laterally and thin, curved posterior arms with somewhat S-shaped papillae, narrowing apically. The slightly twisted muscles m 4 run from the lateral corners of the anterior margin of the tegumen, close to the staple-like process, to the medial part of the transtilla, whereas the ventral bunch runs to the medial, cupola-shaped region of the transtilla, and the dorsal bunch runs to the membrane dorsad of the transtilla. The muscles m 5 (7) connect the medial part of the valvae with the distinct longitudinal fold of the valvae, with one bundle attached on the vinculum. The juxta is elongated dorso-ventrally, with the voluminous, curved muscles m 8 (3) attached to the medial area of the juxta and broadly extended to the dorsal margin of the saccus, with the dorsal layer of the muscles slightly longer than the ventral layer. The distinct sacs of coremata with long hairs are present at the lateral margin of the vinculum, close to the saccus. The aedeagus is large, with the muscles m 6 (5) broadly running from the dorsal part of the vinculum, ventrad of the staple-like process, to the basal process of the aedeagus. The muscles m 7 a (6 a) run from the ventral margin of the saccus, close to the medium sized sacs of coremata, to the medial part of the aedeagus. The slightly smaller, twisted muscles m 7 b (6 b) connect the distal part of the aedeagus with the ventral margin of the saccus.	en	Schmidt, Olga (2020): The structure and musculature of male terminalia in the Palaearctic and Indo- Australian species of the eupitheciine genera Eupithecia Curtis, Gymnoscelis Mabille, and Pasiphila Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae). Zootaxa 4896 (2): 224-238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.2.4
FF79923BFFC92202899CD8F5EF54FC4A.taxon	description	(Figs 9 – 10) The uncus is short, finger-shaped, shifted to the ventral side of the tegumen. The tegumen is narrow, longer than the vinculum, with the apical ‘ hood’ shorter and less prominent than in other Gymnoscelis species. The proximal area of the anal tube is connected to the thin gnathos arms. The muscles m 1 extend medially from the anterior margin of the tegumen to the broadened base of the uncus. The muscles m 2 (10) run from the tegumen, close to the m 1, to the inner surface of the setose subscaphium on the anal tube. The valva is narrow, especially in its apical part, with a rather well-defined costa. There is a short ridge at the area of connection of the valva to the tegumen. The muscles m 3 (2) are attached to the ventral part of the tegumen, close to the ridge, and consist of two bundles. The short bundle of m 3 (2) extends to the basal process of the costa valvae, quite similar to Eupithecia species, and the long bundle runs into the costa valvae and looks like the muscles m 3 (2) in G. confusata but slightly shorter. The base of the costa valvae is connected to the lateral region of the rather short, band-like, medially slightly thickened transtilla. The labides arising from the base of the costa valvae ventrally consist of thin, curved anterior arms running to the juxta, and thin posterior arms with, as is typical for the eupitheciines, medium sized papillae. The slightly twisted muscles m 4 extend from the lateral corners of the anterior margin of the tegumen, ventrad of the m 3 (2) and close to the vinculum, to the medial, thickened part of the transtilla. The relatively small muscles m 5 (7) connect the mediobasal part of the valvae with the vinculum. The ventral part of the juxta is somewhat arch-shaped, with the muscles m 8 (3) attached to the medio-dorsal area of the juxta, with the ventral layer of the muscles curved, running towards the ventral margin of the juxta and attached ventrad of it, and the dorsal layer longer, broadly connected to the upper margin of the saccus. The large, rounded sacs of coremata with long, thick hairs are present at the lateral margin of the vinculum, close to the saccus. The aedeagus is medium sized, slightly narrowed medially, with the muscles m 6 (5) running from the dorsal part of the vinculum to the basal process of the aedeagus. The muscles m 7 a (6 a) run from the saccus, ventrad of the long layer of muscles m 8 (3), to the medial part of the aedeagus. The twisted muscles m 7 b (6 b) connect the medial part of the aedeagus, close to the m 7 a (6 a), to the vinculum.	en	Schmidt, Olga (2020): The structure and musculature of male terminalia in the Palaearctic and Indo- Australian species of the eupitheciine genera Eupithecia Curtis, Gymnoscelis Mabille, and Pasiphila Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae). Zootaxa 4896 (2): 224-238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.2.4
FF79923BFFC92202899CD8F5EF54FC4A.taxon	discussion	Note. The specimens in question were collected on Crete (Greece). They slightly differ from the European populations outside the Mediterranean area in the shape of the tegumen, including the hood, valvae, labides, transtilla, juxta, and aedeagus. ReUexamination of the taxonomic status of the Crete population is beyond the scope of this study.	en	Schmidt, Olga (2020): The structure and musculature of male terminalia in the Palaearctic and Indo- Australian species of the eupitheciine genera Eupithecia Curtis, Gymnoscelis Mabille, and Pasiphila Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae). Zootaxa 4896 (2): 224-238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.2.4
FF79923BFFC62202899CDDE9EAAEF8EA.taxon	description	(Figs 11 – 12) The uncus is almost completely reduced, with its apical margin fused with the fine membranous, apically narrowing furrow on the dorsal side of the elongated membranous anal tube bearing a weakly setose subscaphium on the ventral surface. The tegumen is cupola-shaped, shorter than the vinculum. The muscles m 1 are short, attached to the medio-lateral parts of the tegumen and run to the base of the reduced uncus. There are muscles attached dorsally in the distal area of the tegumen appearing similar to m 1, but they run to the eighth abdominal segment. The muscles m 2 (10) run inside the anal tube. The ventral part of the tegumen is narrow and attached to the distal curve of the vinculum. The small muscles m 3 (2) connect the narrow ventral part of the tegumen to the most lateral part of the transtilla, close to the basal process of the costa valvae. The apices of the thin labides are not fused medially, the anterior arms of the labides run towards the juxta, and the base of the posterior arms is connected to the basal process of the costa valvae. The transtilla is band-like, shifted to the dorsal part of the armature and connected not only to the basal process of the costa valvae but also to the base of the posterior arm of the labides. The relatively long muscles m 4 extend from the dorsal parts of the vinculum to the latero-medial parts of the transtilla. The muscles m 5 (7) connect the rather broad area close to the base of the costa valvae with the sacculus, whereas one bundle is connected to the vinculum, close to the saccus. The juxta is narrowed medially, the rather short, curved muscles m 8 (3) are attached to the medial area of the juxta and extend to the upper part of the saccus, close to the ventral margin of the juxta. The small sacs of coremata with long hairs are present at the lateral margin of the vinculum, close to the saccus. The aedeagus is rather short, with two horn-like spines of the anellus, with the rather large muscles m 6 (5) extending from the medial parts of the vinculum to the basal process of the aedeagus. The slightly curved but not twisted muscles m 7 (6) connect the ventral margin of the saccus with the distal part of the aedeagus.	en	Schmidt, Olga (2020): The structure and musculature of male terminalia in the Palaearctic and Indo- Australian species of the eupitheciine genera Eupithecia Curtis, Gymnoscelis Mabille, and Pasiphila Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae). Zootaxa 4896 (2): 224-238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.2.4
