identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
FF0487D24369FFE6FF72FE6EFCEB8B34.text	FF0487D24369FFE6FF72FE6EFCEB8B34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyphorhinus arada (Hermann 1783) Hermann 1783	<div><p>Cyphorhinus arada (Hermann, 1783)</p><p>English name: Musician Wren</p><p>Portuguese-name: Uirapuru</p><p>Type-locality: Cayenne, French Guiana.</p><p>Diagnosis: black collar with conspicuous longitudinal white stripes on shoulders and upper back, forehead and crown dark red (M 2.5YR 3/6), chestnut nape (S 1.0YR 3/5) and very pale brown (M 10YR 7/4) belly.</p><p>Voice: mostly consists of a variety of simple phrases accompanied by low guttural notes. The phrases generally have few notes (6–12), a short duration (2–3 s), slow pace (3–5 notes/s), high minimum frequency values (565– 1200 Hz). Each phrase type is repeated several times before changing to the next. Distribution: to the east of the Rio Negro, on the northern bank of the Amazon River, including southeastern and eastern Venezuela, the Guianas and northeastern Brazil (Figure 4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF0487D24369FFE6FF72FE6EFCEB8B34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bocalini, Fernanda;Silveira, Luís Fábio	Bocalini, Fernanda, Silveira, Luís Fábio (2016): A taxonomic revision of the Musician Wren, Cyphorhinus arada (Aves, Troglodytidae), reveals the existence of six valid species endemic to the Amazon basin. Zootaxa 4193 (3): 541-564, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4193.3.5
FF0487D2436AFFE5FF72FA18FB108F87.text	FF0487D2436AFFE5FF72FA18FB108F87.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyphorhinus transfluvialis (Todd 1932) Todd 1932	<div><p>Cyphorhinus transfluvialis (Todd, 1932)</p><p>English name: Imeri Wren</p><p>Portuguese name: Uirapuru-do-Imeri</p><p>Type-locality: Manacapuru, Rio Solimões, Amazonas, Brazil.</p><p>Diagnosis: belly brownish yellow (M 10YR 6/4, 6/6, 6/8) similar to the coloration of the throat, chest and chin, which results in only a slight contrast between the color of the throat and chest and the lower body.</p><p>Voice: mostly consists of a variety of complex phrases accompanied by low guttural notes. Phrases generally have an elevated number of notes (10–14), short duration (2–3 s), and the fastest pace of all species in the complex (5–6 notes/s). Each phrase is repeated several times before changing to the next.</p><p>Distribution: from the eastern base of the Andes in southeastern Colombia and from the northern bank of Río Putumayo / Içá eastwards to the Rio Solimões and Rio Negro in northwestern Brazil (Figure 4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF0487D2436AFFE5FF72FA18FB108F87	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bocalini, Fernanda;Silveira, Luís Fábio	Bocalini, Fernanda, Silveira, Luís Fábio (2016): A taxonomic revision of the Musician Wren, Cyphorhinus arada (Aves, Troglodytidae), reveals the existence of six valid species endemic to the Amazon basin. Zootaxa 4193 (3): 541-564, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4193.3.5
FF0487D2436CFFE3FF72FB7FFE098E2B.text	FF0487D2436CFFE3FF72FB7FFE098E2B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyphorhinus interpositus (Todd 1932) Todd 1932	<div><p>Cyphorhinus interpositus (Todd, 1932)</p><p>English name: Rondonia Wren</p><p>Portuguese name: Uirapuru-de-orelha-alaranjada</p><p>Type-locality: Vila Braga, Pará, Brazil.</p><p>Diagnosis: belly greyish brown (M 10YR 5/2, 5/3); crown red (M 2.5YR 4/8) with cinnamon brown (S 7YR 4/ 4).</p><p>Voice: series of simple phrases, each with few notes (3–5), short duration (1.5– 2.3 s), very slow pace (2.1–2.5 note/s), elevated mean peak frequency (3385.5 Hz), the longest minimum note duration among all the species and longest average note duration (0.17 s). Each phrase is repeated various times before changing to the next.</p><p>Distribution: the southern bank of Amazon River from the eastern bank of Rio Madeira to the western bank of Rio Tapajós (Figure 4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF0487D2436CFFE3FF72FB7FFE098E2B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bocalini, Fernanda;Silveira, Luís Fábio	Bocalini, Fernanda, Silveira, Luís Fábio (2016): A taxonomic revision of the Musician Wren, Cyphorhinus arada (Aves, Troglodytidae), reveals the existence of six valid species endemic to the Amazon basin. Zootaxa 4193 (3): 541-564, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4193.3.5
FF0487D2436CFFE3FF72FF6DFCEC8A38.text	FF0487D2436CFFE3FF72FF6DFCEC8A38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyphorhinus modulator (d’Orbigny 1838) d'Orbigny 1838	<div><p>Cyphorhinus modulator (d’Orbigny, 1838)</p><p>English name: Ferruginous Wren</p><p>Portuguese name: Uirapuru-ferrugíneo</p><p>Type-locality: Yuracares, Bolivia.</p><p>Diagnosis: overall more reddish rather than brownish coloration, especially on the ear coverts, sides of the neck, chin, throat and chest. The belly is yellowish brown (M 10YR 5/6, 5/8) and thus contrasts with the chest. Flanks are slightly darker than the belly (cinnamon brown, S 7YR 4/4). Larger than C. transfluvialis .</p><p>Voice: a variable set of complex phrases, each with a high number of notes (7–17), long duration (2–6 s) and slow pace (2.5–3.5 note/s). Each phrase is repeated several times before changing to the next.</p><p>Distribution: from the lowlands of eastern Peru, to the south of the Río Marañon east to the Rio Madeira in western Brazil and as far south as northwestern Bolivia (Figure 4)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF0487D2436CFFE3FF72FF6DFCEC8A38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bocalini, Fernanda;Silveira, Luís Fábio	Bocalini, Fernanda, Silveira, Luís Fábio (2016): A taxonomic revision of the Musician Wren, Cyphorhinus arada (Aves, Troglodytidae), reveals the existence of six valid species endemic to the Amazon basin. Zootaxa 4193 (3): 541-564, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4193.3.5
FF0487D2436CFFE3FF72FD74FE4F8C31.text	FF0487D2436CFFE3FF72FD74FE4F8C31.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyphorhinus salvini Sharpe 1881	<div><p>Cyphorhinus salvini Sharpe, 1881</p><p>English name: Grey-eared Wren</p><p>Portuguese name: Uirapuru-de-orelha-cinza</p><p>Type-locality: Río Napo, Ecuador.</p><p>Diagnosis: similar to C. modulator, but with dark grayish brown (M 10YR 4/2) auriculars and Cinnamon- Brown (S 7YR 4/4) sides to the neck.</p><p>Voice: similar to C. modulator with a variety of complex phrases, each with a high number of notes (9–17), long duration (3– 4.5 s), fast pace (4–6 notes/s), lower mean maximum (2874 Hz), minimum (631 Hz) and peak frequencies (2097 Hz). Each phrase is repeated several times before changing to the next.</p><p>Distribution: between the Rio Marañón and Río Caquetá in southwestern Colombia, eastern Ecuador and northeastern Peru (Figure 4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF0487D2436CFFE3FF72FD74FE4F8C31	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bocalini, Fernanda;Silveira, Luís Fábio	Bocalini, Fernanda, Silveira, Luís Fábio (2016): A taxonomic revision of the Musician Wren, Cyphorhinus arada (Aves, Troglodytidae), reveals the existence of six valid species endemic to the Amazon basin. Zootaxa 4193 (3): 541-564, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4193.3.5
FF0487D2436CFFE2FF72F994FD1C8AAB.text	FF0487D2436CFFE2FF72F994FD1C8AAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyphorhinus griseolateralis Ridgway 1888	<div><p>Cyphorhinus griseolateralis Ridgway, 1888</p><p>English name: Gray-flanked Wren</p><p>Portuguese name: Uirapuru-dos-flancos-cinza</p><p>Type-locality: Diamantina, near Santarém, east of the mouth of Rio Tapajós, Pará, Brazil.</p><p>Diagnosis: presence of a partial grey (M 10YR 5/1) and white (M 5Y 8/1) streaked collar from the sides of the neck to the upper shoulders, less conspicuous than in C. arada; white (M 5Y 8/1) superciliary stripe and greyishbrown (M 10YR 5/2, 5/3) belly.</p><p>Voice: diagnosed by the presence of a trill, otherwise the song consists of a set of simple phrases, with each having at least a single trill and several short notes at the beginning and/or end of the phrase. The same phrase type is repeated over a long period of time.</p><p>Distribution: southern bank of the Amazon River, from the eastern bank of Rio Tapajós to the western bank of Rio Xingu as well as Marajó Island (Figure 4).</p><p>We found considerable individual variation in the plumage of C. modulator . The color of the belly, flanks and crissum varied from rufous to brownish. With respect to the color of the auriculars, scattered specimens from eastern Peru and central Bolivia have yellowish red with grayish brown instead of only yellowish red (i.e. AMNH 240687, AMNH 240688), somewhat intermediate between C. modulator and C. salvini . Several specimens of C. interpositus and C. griseolateralis also showed this variation in the coloration of the auriculars. In Cyphorhinus interpositus, the color of the superciliary stripe also varied, with scattered individuals from throughout the Machado-Aripuanã interfluve having the supercilium reddish yellow anteriorly, becoming whitish posteriorly. In addition, the auriculars from this region are not as red as in other individuals of the species, being closer to grayish brown, as already noted by Hellmayr (1910) and Naumburg (1930). However, these characters are not present in all individuals from this interfluve, with many specimens having the typical C. interpositus coloration, preventing us from considering these individuals a new taxon. In C. griseolateralis, individual variation was found in scattered specimens from throughout its range in breast color (reddish brown to grayish brown) and the conspicuousness of the streaks on the collar, as discussed below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF0487D2436CFFE2FF72F994FD1C8AAB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bocalini, Fernanda;Silveira, Luís Fábio	Bocalini, Fernanda, Silveira, Luís Fábio (2016): A taxonomic revision of the Musician Wren, Cyphorhinus arada (Aves, Troglodytidae), reveals the existence of six valid species endemic to the Amazon basin. Zootaxa 4193 (3): 541-564, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4193.3.5
