identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
799717BAF4E752D58D573C9FAA2FDE9D.text	799717BAF4E752D58D573C9FAA2FDE9D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ademon angolanus Fischer 1963	<div><p>Ademon angolanus Fischer, 1963</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>Angola • female; CAS-TYPE-10370 (CASC). Not seen.</p><p>Biology.</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Angola.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/799717BAF4E752D58D573C9FAA2FDE9D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Noort, Simon van;Smith, Rosali;Coetzee, Julie A.	Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali, Coetzee, Julie A. (2021): Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa. African Invertebrates 62 (1): 287-314, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
00C3BA6D826758DBBF033AE518AEF5A1.text	00C3BA6D826758DBBF033AE518AEF5A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ademon Haliday 1833	<div><p>Genus Ademon Haliday, 1833</p><p>Ademon Haliday, 1833: 266. Type species: Bracon decrescens Nees von Esenbeck, 1812 (1811), by monotypy; type destroyed.</p><p>Lytacra Foerster, 1863: 266. Type species: Lytacra stygia Foerster, 1863, by monotypy and original designation.</p><p>Giardinaia de Stefani-Perez, 1902. Type species: Giardinaia urinator de Stefani, 1902, by monotypy.</p><p>Analostania Viereck, 1916. Type species: Analostania tenuipes Viereck, 1916, by monotypy and original designation.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Heavily-sculptured body with presence of an epicnemial carina (= prepectal carina), more or less developed ventrally; occipital carina complete dorsally; malar suture absent; crenulate depression above eye present; vein SR1 of forewing incomplete, not reaching the wing margin and resulting in an open marginal cell; medio-posteriorly scutellum with continuation of lateral elevated area; hind tibia, tarsus and tarsal claws very slender; second metasomal tergite distinctly longer than third tergite and second metasomal suture distinct (Wu et al. 2014; Wharton 2021).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Afrotropical, Nearctic, Oriental and Palaearctic Regions (van Achterberg and Prinsloo 2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/00C3BA6D826758DBBF033AE518AEF5A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Noort, Simon van;Smith, Rosali;Coetzee, Julie A.	Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali, Coetzee, Julie A. (2021): Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa. African Invertebrates 62 (1): 287-314, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
AB480D6802525B95A8BF5ED7BD6FAEFD.text	AB480D6802525B95A8BF5ED7BD6FAEFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entedoninae Haliday 1833	<div><p>Subfamily Entedoninae Foerster, 1856</p><p>Janicharis Gumovsky &amp; Delvare, 2006</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Janicharis africanus Gumovsky &amp; Delvare, 2006, by monotypy and original designation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB480D6802525B95A8BF5ED7BD6FAEFD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Noort, Simon van;Smith, Rosali;Coetzee, Julie A.	Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali, Coetzee, Julie A. (2021): Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa. African Invertebrates 62 (1): 287-314, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
66FCECBA234858E69AA3CB3FD6CB9162.text	66FCECBA234858E69AA3CB3FD6CB9162.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ademon lagarosiphonae van Achterberg 2012	<div><p>Ademon lagarosiphonae van Achterberg, 2012 Figs 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>South Africa • female Mpumalanga, Lydenburg Fisheries, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.183332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.8/lat -25.183332)">Lydenburg</a>, 25°11'S, 30°48'E, 21.xi.2008, J.R. Baars, J.A. Coetzee, G.D. Martin, reared from leaf-miner on Lagarosiphon major ( Hydrocharitaceae) (SANC examined).</p><p>Paratypes.</p><p>South Africa • 1 female, 1 male; same data as for holotype (SANC examined) .</p><p>Other material.</p><p>South Africa • 1 male; Eastern Cape, East London, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=27.911552&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.962616" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 27.911552/lat -32.962616)">Nahoon River</a>; 32°57'45.41"S, 27°54'41.59"E; 12 December 2018; R. Smith; Collected from Egeria densa infestation with Hydrellia egeriae pupae; SAM-HYM-P095098 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for 9 May 2019; R. Smith; Collected from Egeria densa infestation with Hydrellia egeriae pupae; reared in lab; NHN-FOR-R01; SAM-HYM-P092742 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R01; SAM-HYM-P092743 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-FOR-R02; SAM-HYM-P092744 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-FOR-R03; SAM-HYM-P092746 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-FOR-R04; SAM-HYM-P092748 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-FOR-R05; SAM-HYM-P092750 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-FOR-R06; SAM-HYM-P092752 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for July 2019; NHN-WINTER-FOR-R03; SAM-HYM-P092747 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R04; SAM-HYM-P092749 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R05; SAM-HYM-P092751 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R06; SAM-HYM-P092753 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R07; SAM-HYM-P092756 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R08; SAM-HYM-P092757 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R09; SAM-HYM-P092759 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R10; SAM-HYM-P092760 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R11; SAM-HYM-P092761 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R12; SAM-HYM-P092764 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R13; SAM-HYM-P092765 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R14; SAM-HYM-P092767 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R15; SAM-HYM-P092768 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R16; SAM-HYM-P092769 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R17; SAM-HYM-P092770 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R18; SAM-HYM-P092771 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R19; SAM-HYM-P092772 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R20; SAM-HYM-P092773 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R21; SAM-HYM-P092774 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R22; SAM-HYM-P092775 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R23; SAM-HYM-P092776 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R24; SAM-HYM-P092777 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R25; SAM-HYM-P092778 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R26; SAM-HYM-P092779 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R27; SAM-HYM-P092780 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R28; SAM-HYM-P092781 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R30; SAM-HYM-P092782 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R31; SAM-HYM-P092783 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R32; SAM-HYM-P092784 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R33; SAM-HYM-P092785 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R34; SAM-HYM-P092786 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R35; SAM-HYM-P092787 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R36; SAM-HYM-P092788 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R37; SAM-HYM-P092789 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R38; SAM-HYM-P092790 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R39; SAM-HYM-P092791 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R40; SAM-HYM-P092792 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R41; SAM-HYM-P092793 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R42; SAM-HYM-P092794 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R43; SAM-HYM-P092795 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R44; SAM-HYM-P092796 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R45; SAM-HYM-P092797 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R46; SAM-HYM-P092798 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R47; SAM-HYM-P092799 • 1 male; KwaZulu-Natal; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.194485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-29.539263" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.194485/lat -29.539263)">Midmar Dam</a>; 29°32'21.35"S, 30°11'40.15"E; June 2019; R. Smith; Collected from Egeria densa infestation with Hydrellia egeriae pupae; reared in lab; MDMR-FOR-R03; SAM-HYM-P092745 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for MDMR-FOR-R06; SAM-HYM-P092754 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for MDMR-FOR-R07; SAM-HYM-P092755 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for MDMR-FOR-R08; SAM-HYM-P092758 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for MDMR-FOR-R11; SAM-HYM-P092762 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for MDMR-FOR-R12; SAM-HYM-P092763 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for MDMR-FOR-R13; SAM-HYM-P092766 (SAMC) .</p><p>Biology.</p><p>Parasitoid of aquatic leaf-mining flies ( Ephydridae): Hydrellia lagarosiphon on Lagarosiphon major ( Hydrocharitaceae) and Hydrellia egeriae on Egeria densa ( Hydrocharitaceae).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>South Africa.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>This species exhibits a disparate range of colour forms, from being completely black (Figs 14 A-F; 15 A-F; 16A, B) through to being completely yellowish-orange, as in the holotype (Figs 10 A-F; 11 A-D; 12 A, B) with intermediate grades present (Figs 13A, B; 16E, F). This extent of intra-specific colour difference is also present in the Palaearctic type species of the genus, A. descrescens (Nees, 1812 [1811]) (van Achterberg and Prinsloo 2012).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/66FCECBA234858E69AA3CB3FD6CB9162	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Noort, Simon van;Smith, Rosali;Coetzee, Julie A.	Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali, Coetzee, Julie A. (2021): Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa. African Invertebrates 62 (1): 287-314, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726.text	66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chaenusa (Chaenusa) anervata van Achterberg 2012	<div><p>Chaenusa (Chaenusa) anervata van Achterberg, 2012 Figs 1, 2, 3, 4</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>South Africa • female; Mpumalanga Prov., Lydenburg Fisheries, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.183332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.8/lat -25.183332)">Lydenburg</a>; 25°11'S, 30°48'E; 21.xi.2008; J.R. Baars, J.A. Coetzee, G.D. Martin; ex leaf-miner on Lagarosiphon major Hydrocharitaceae (SANC examined).</p><p>Paratypes.</p><p>South Africa • 1 female; KwaZulu-Natal Prov., Mooi River, Mearns Dam; 29°25'S, 29°97'E; 18.xi.2008; J.R. Baars, J.A. Coetzee, G.D. Martin; ex leaf-miner on Lagarosiphon major Hydrocharitaceae (RMNH not seen) • 1 male: Underberg, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.233334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-30.45" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.233334/lat -30.45)">Farm Dam on Bushman's Nek</a> road; 30°27'S, 29°14'E; 16.xi.2008 (SANC examined) • 1 male; Mooi River, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-29.25" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.95/lat -29.25)">Mearns Weir</a>, 29°15'S, 29°57'E, 17.xi.2008 (RMNH not seen) .</p><p>Other material.</p><p>South Africa • 1 male; KwaZulu-Natal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.194485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-29.539263" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.194485/lat -29.539263)">Midmar Dam</a>, 29°32'21.35"S, 30°11'40.15"E, June 2019, R. Smith, Collected from Egeria densa infestation with Hydrellia egeriae pupae, reared in lab, MDMR-FOR-R05, SAM-HYM-P092803 (SAMC) .</p><p>Biology.</p><p>Parasitoid of aquatic leaf-mining flies ( Ephydridae): Hydrellia lagarosiphon on Lagarosiphon major ( Hydrocharitaceae) and Hydrellia egeriae on Egeria densa ( Hydrocharitaceae).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>South Africa.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>According to van Achterberg and Prinsloo (2012), this species is similar to Chaenusa glabra Kula, 2009 (India, Pakistan), which has a two-segmented labial palp (three-segmented in C. anervata and C. seminervata), females with 12-14 antennal segments (at least 15 in C. anervata and 16-18 in C. seminervata) and males with 14-17 segments (22 in C. anervata and 17-24 in C. seminervata). The body is brown or brownish-yellow as opposed to black in C. anervata and C. seminervata (van Achterberg and Prinsloo 2012). Other sexually dimorphic characters in C. anervata encompass the forewing pterostigma, which is light brown in females and dark brown in males; the male first metasomal tergite is generally longer (1.1-1.3 times its apical width) than in the female (1.1 times apical width) (van Achterberg and Prinsloo 2012); in addition, the compound eyes in females converge far more strongly (narrowest ventral width of face 0.55 × broadest dorsal width) towards the clypeus than in the males (narrowest ventral width of face 0.90 × broadest dorsal width); however, the overall relative dimensions of the face relative to the broadest width just below the toruli are equivalent in the two sexes, being slightly wider than high (females H:W = 9:10; males H:W = 10:11).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/66055181EFE45E9CA5D057D9F2540726	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Noort, Simon van;Smith, Rosali;Coetzee, Julie A.	Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali, Coetzee, Julie A. (2021): Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa. African Invertebrates 62 (1): 287-314, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6.text	0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chaenusa (Chaenusa) seminervata van Achterberg 2012	<div><p>Chaenusa (Chaenusa) seminervata van Achterberg, 2012 Figs 5, 6, 7, 8, 9</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>South Africa • female; Mpumalanga Prov., Lydenburg Fisheries, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.8&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-25.183332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.8/lat -25.183332)">Lydenburg</a>; 25°11'S, 30°48'E; 21.xi.2008; J.R. Baars, J.A. Coetzee, G.D. Martin; ex leaf-miner on Lagarosiphon major Hydrocharitaceae (SANC examined).</p><p>Paratypes.</p><p>South Africa • 1 female; Mpumalanga Prov., Belfast, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.083334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.083334/lat -26.0)">Lakenvlei Wetland</a>; 25°60'S, 30°05'E (RMNH not seen) • 1 male; KwaZulu-Natal Prov., Stillwater Dam, Rosetta; 29°30'S, 29°97'E; 17.xi.2008; J.R. Baars, J.A. Coetzee, G.D. Martin; ex leaf-miner on Lagarosiphon major Hydrocharitaceae (RMNH not seen) • 4 males; Dieu Donne Farm Dam, Sani Pass; 29°68'407"S, 29°48'949"E; 16.xi.2008; J.R. Baars, J.A. Coetzee, G.D. Martin; reared from leaf-miner on Lagarosiphon major ( Hydrocharitaceae) (SANC examined, RMNH not seen) .</p><p>Other material.</p><p>South Africa • 1 male; KwaZulu-Natal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.194485&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-29.539263" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.194485/lat -29.539263)">Midmar Dam</a>, 29°32'21.35"S, 30°11'40.15"E, June 2019, R. Smith, collected from Egeria densa infestation with Hydrellia egeriae pupae, reared in lab, MDMR-FOR-R01, SAM-HYM-P092800 (SAMC) • 1 female, idem, except MDMR-FOR-R02, SAM-HYM-P092801 (SAMC) • 1 male, idem, except MDMR-FOR-R04, SAM-HYM-P092802 (SAMC) • 1 male, idem, except MDMR-FOR-R09, SAM-HYM-P092804 (SAMC) • 1 male, idem, except MDMR-FOR-R10, SAM-HYM-P092805 (SAMC) • 1 male, idem, except MDMR-FOR-R14, SAM-HYM-P092806 (SAMC) .</p><p>Biology.</p><p>Parasitoid of aquatic leaf-mining flies ( Ephydridae): Hydrellia lagarosiphon on Lagarosiphon major ( Hydrocharitaceae) and Hydrellia egeriae on Egeria densa ( Hydrocharitaceae).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>South Africa.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>The Neotropical species Chaenusa aurantium Kula &amp; Martinez, 2009 was reared from an undescribed species of Hydrellia in Argentina under evaluation for control of Egeria densa in the United States (Kula et al. 2009). Chaenusa seminervata keys to C. aurantium (terminal maxillary palpomere is brown) in the key to New World species (Kula and Zolnerowich 2008; Kula et al. 2009), but it is distinct from C. aurantium in head colour, sculpture and setation of the frons, as well as mesoscutal, mesopleural and propodeal sculpture. Sexual dimorphism of Chaenusa seminervata is exhibited in the following characters: females with 16-18 antennal segments, males with 17-24 segments; the forewing pterostigma is light brown in females and dark brown in males; in addition, the compound eyes in females converge less strongly (narrowest ventral width of the face 0.75 × broadest dorsal width) towards the clypeus than in C. anervata, but still more strongly than in males (narrowest ventral width of the face 0.81 × broadest dorsal width); however, the overall relative dimensions of the face relative to the broadest width just below the toruli are equivalent in the two sexes, being slightly wider than high (females H:W = 10:12; males H:W = 9:11).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B5330899C0F53ECAA622A328A955FB6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Noort, Simon van;Smith, Rosali;Coetzee, Julie A.	Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali, Coetzee, Julie A. (2021): Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa. African Invertebrates 62 (1): 287-314, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
CCB8057F3F2A5B0E8CF625591D9AF113.text	CCB8057F3F2A5B0E8CF625591D9AF113.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chaenusa (Chorebidea) testacea (Granger 1949)	<div><p>Chaenusa (Chorebidea) testacea (Granger, 1949)</p><p>Chorebidea testacea Granger, 1949.</p><p>Syntypes.</p><p>Madagascar • 2 females, 1 male; (MNHN). Types not seen .</p><p>Biology.</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Madagascar.</p><p>Subfamily Opiinae Blanchard, 1845</p><p>Tribe Opiini Blanchard, 1845</p><p>Subtribe Ademonina Fischer, 1964</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CCB8057F3F2A5B0E8CF625591D9AF113	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Noort, Simon van;Smith, Rosali;Coetzee, Julie A.	Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali, Coetzee, Julie A. (2021): Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa. African Invertebrates 62 (1): 287-314, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
AB9570BC590B5755BA41067D5AACB864.text	AB9570BC590B5755BA41067D5AACB864.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chaenusa Haliday 1839	<div><p>Genus Chaenusa Haliday, 1839</p><p>Alysia (Chaenusa) Haliday, 1839: 19. Type species: Bracon conjungens Nees von Esenbeck, 1812 (1811), by monotypy; type destroyed.</p><p>Chorebidea Viereck, 1914: 32. Type species: Alysia (Chorebus) nereidum Haliday, 1839, by original designation and monotypy. Treated as Chaenusa (Chorebidea) Viereck, 1914 (Zaykov 1986).</p><p>Chorebidea Nixon, 1943: 28. Preoccupied. Type species: Alysia (Chorebus) naiadum Haliday, 1839, by original designation and monotypy.</p><p>Chorebidella Riegel, 1950: 125. Type species: Chorebidella bergi Riegel, 1950, by original designation and monotypy.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>See Kula and Zolnerowich 2008.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Afrotropical, Australian, Nearctic, Neotropical, Oriental and Palaearctic Regions (Kula and Zolnerowich 2008; Yu et al. 2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB9570BC590B5755BA41067D5AACB864	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Noort, Simon van;Smith, Rosali;Coetzee, Julie A.	Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali, Coetzee, Julie A. (2021): Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa. African Invertebrates 62 (1): 287-314, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
C383E27C668450308EF6F6F09E741932.text	C383E27C668450308EF6F6F09E741932.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Janicharis africanus Gumovsky & Delvare 2006	<div><p>Janicharis africanus Gumovsky &amp; Delvare, 2006 Fig. 17</p><p>Holotype.</p><p>Cameroon • female; Maroua, Djarengol; Malaise trap; 26.ix.1984; G. Delvare (MNHN not seen).</p><p>Paratypes.</p><p>Cameroon • 3 females, idem (CIRAD) • 3 females, idem (RMNH) • Nigeria • Oyo, Ibadan, Iita Compound; x.1987; J. Noyes (NHMUK) • Madagascar • Lac Alaotra; on Oryza sativa, 17.x.1991; P. Bousses (CIRAD) . Paratypes not seen .</p><p>Other material.</p><p>South Africa • 1 female: Eastern Cape, East London, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=27.911552&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.962616" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 27.911552/lat -32.962616)">Nahoon river</a>; 32°57'45.41"S, 27°54'41.59"E; NHN-WINTER-FOR-R02; July 2019; R. Smith; reared in laboratory; ex Hydrellia egeriae pupa collected from host plant Egeria densa; SAM-HYM-P092807 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for NHN-WINTER-FOR-R29 and SAM-HYM-P092808 (SAMC) • 1 female: idem; except for: February 2019; R. Smith; Collected from Egeria densa infestation with Hydrellia egeriae pupae; SAM-HYM-P095099 (SAMC) • 1 male: idem; except for SAM-HYM-P095100 (SAMC) .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Uniquely defined by two large foveae situated anterio-medially on propodeum; anterolateral propodeal strip wide, somewhat angulate above spiracle. Characters shared with morphologically-similar congeners: pronotum dorsally reduced, placed significantly below the level of mesoscutum; propodeum with anterolateral propodeal strips; anterior propodeum with basal cup and foveae on sides; metanotum with anteriorly-delimited foveae at sides of dorsellum; long postmarginal vein (Gumovsky et al. 2006).</p><p>Biology.</p><p>Previously unknown. Here, we record the species as a parasitoid associated with immature stages of the aquatic ephydrid fly Hydrellia egeriae, having been reared from puparia along with specimens of Ademon lagarosiphonae and Chaenusa seminervata and hence is potentially a hyperparasitoid attacking the braconids rather than the fly. The eulophid subfamily Entedoninae harbours a wide range of life style strategies including species that are usually solitary or gregarious endoparasitoids (more rarely ectoparasitoids or hyper-parasitoids) of concealed dipteran, lepidopteran, coleopteran, hymenopteran or hemipteran larvae or rarely of eggs or pupae. Janicharis africanus is morphologically similar to the genera Hakuna Gumovsky &amp; Delvare, 2006 and Pediocharis Bouček, 1988 (Gumovsky et al. 2006) and may, therefore, exhibit similar lifestyle strategies. The monotypic species Hakuna matata Gumovsky &amp; Bouček, 2006 was reared from conical insect galls on a forest plant and each gall contained several pupae in separate cells; adult wasps emerged through a single hole at the apex of the gall. Based on these notes by the collector, Gumovsky et al. (2006) hypothesised H. matata to be a parasitoid of the gall former. Biology of Pediocharis is unknown and, together with the lack of detail concerning the biology of Hakuna, makes it difficult to predict whether J. africanus is, indeed, a hyper-parasitoid or not. A more remote possibility of morphological congeneric similarity for Janicharis is to Chrysocharis Foerster, 1856 (Gumovsky et al. 2006), but this genus contains a very broad range of lifestyle strategies, including endo- and ectoparasitoids and facultative hyperparasitoids (Yu et al. 2016), which does not provide any further enlightenment as to potential possibilities for Janicharis . The only recourse is to pursue direct investigation of the biology for J. africanus in the field.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Cameroon, Nigeria, Madagascar and South Africa (new country record).</p><p>Comments.</p><p>The reared specimens were identified by corroboration of morphological character attributes with the original description and type photographs of J. africanus (Gumovsky et al. 2006). The genus is monotypic.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C383E27C668450308EF6F6F09E741932	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Noort, Simon van;Smith, Rosali;Coetzee, Julie A.	Noort, Simon van, Smith, Rosali, Coetzee, Julie A. (2021): Identity of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Eulophidae) reared from aquatic leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Ephydridae) on invasive Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa in South Africa. African Invertebrates 62 (1): 287-314, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.62842
