identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
FD7FB830DB3E055AFEFEFB63FA7FFB70.text	FD7FB830DB3E055AFEFEFB63FA7FFB70.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoparia Haworth 1811	<div><p>SCOPARIA HAWORTH, 1811</p><p>Scoparia Haworth, 1811: 498 . Type species: Tinea pyralella (Denis &amp; Schiffermüller), 1775 .</p><p>Eudorea Curtis, 1827: folio 170. Type species: Tinea pyralella (Denis &amp; Schiffermüller), 1775 .</p><p>Scopea Haworth, 1828: 590 . Unnecessary replacement name for Scoparia Haworth, 1811 .</p><p>Phegea Gistel, 1848: ix. Unnecessary replacement name for Eudorea Curtis, 1827 .</p><p>Eudoroea Bruand, 1851: 26 . Incorrect subsequent spelling of Eudorea Curtis, 1827 .</p><p>Tetraprosopus Butler, 1882: 97 . Type species: Tetraprosopus meyrickii Butler, 1882 .</p><p>Xeroscopa Meyrick, 1884: 349 . Type species: Scoparia ejuncida Knaggs, 1867 .</p><p>Sineudonia Leraut, 1986: 128 . Type species: Sineudonia brunnea Leraut, 1986 .</p><p>General characters</p><p>Forewing length 5–12 mm. Labial palpus generally blackish brown, first and second segments ventrally with long downwards white scales. Maxillary palpus usually blackish brown except white base and tip. Antenna mostly brown and white alternately on dorsal surface. Forewing ground colour usually white, with three white transverse lines (antemedian, postmedian, and subterminal lines) and three black stigmata (two antemedian stigmata and one distal discoidal stigma). Hindwing white to pale brown. Legs white, covered with brown scales on outer side; tarsi white and brown alternately on outer side. Male genitalia with developed uncus and gnathos; valva with well-developed sacculus and bearing free distal process; phallus generally with cornutus, opening of ductus ejaculatorius anteriorly. Female genitalia with broad and short papillae anales, apophysis posterior and apophysis anterior long and thin; tergite 8 usually shorter than apophysis anterior; ductus seminalis arising anterior to colliculum.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>All continents except Antarctica and many oceanic islands, but do not occur in tropical lowland forests (Li, Li &amp; Nuss, 2010).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Ever since the first specimen of Scoparis was collected by Leech from Pu-tsu-Fang (∼ 2993 m a.s.l.) in China in 1890, the genus has never been reviewed from China until 2010 (Li, Li &amp; Nuss, 2010). To date, 24 verified species have been known in China, which are mostly known from localities ranging from low (50 m a.s.l.) to relatively high (2000 m a.s.l.) elevations (Li, Li &amp; Nuss, 2010; Li, 2012; Li &amp; Liu, 2013). Specimens collected at high elevations are rare, possibly because the high mountainous areas in western China are difficult to access.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD7FB830DB3E055AFEFEFB63FA7FFB70	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Wei-Chun;Liu, Dong	Li, Wei-Chun, Liu, Dong (2014): DNA barcoding and morphology reveal exceptional species diversity of Scoparia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the Hailuogou Glacier area, China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 732-752, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12154, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12154
FD7FB830DB3E0551FC50FAB7FEE1F985.text	FD7FB830DB3E0551FC50FAB7FEE1F985.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoparia simplicissima Li & Liu 2014	<div><p>SCOPARIA SIMPLICISSIMA LI SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 1–2, 3A, 4A)</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Very similar to Scoparia congestalis Walker, 1859 in the male genitalia, but distinguished easily from the latter by the following characters: the cornuti of the new species absent and the juxta truncate distally (Fig. 4A); in S. congestalis, the cornuti composed of many tiny spines and attached to a scobinate ovate plate in the phallus, the juxta with a pointed tip (Inoue, 1994: 348, fig. 34).</p><p>Description</p><p>Adult (Fig. 3A): Forewing length 6.5–7.5 mm. Frons and vertex white mixed with pale brown. Patagium and tegula pale brown. Thorax white mixed with grey. Forewing suffused with sparse blackish brown scales; antemedian line lined with dense black scales on outer side, slightly oblique outwards; antemedian stigmata inconspicuous; distal discoidal stigma 8-shaped; postmedian line meeting costa and dorsum perpendicularly; subterminal line concave at middle; fringe white, pale brown near base. Hindwing white; fringe concolorous with forewing, except lighter below base. Abdomen grey.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 4A): Uncus evenly broad at basal three-fifths, remaining narrowing towards blunted apex. Gnathos slightly longer than uncus, pointed apically. Valva narrow at base, broadening towards rounded apex; costa gently convex at about two-fifths. Sacculus nearly straight ventrally. Juxta broad basally, narrowing towards truncate tip. Phallus about three-quarters as long as valva, attached with a piece of membrane covered with dense tiny spines at distal one-fifth; cornutus absent.</p><p>Female: Unknown.</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Male: China, Sichuan, Hailuogou Glacier, near no. 1 glacier, ∼ 3000 m a.s.l., 18 August 2012, W. Li and L. Huang leg., prep. gen. no. LW12094, DNA no. L13092 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>Two males: Same locality as the holotype, except dated 16–18 August 2012, prep. gen. no. LW12081, DNA no. L13091 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Etymology of specific epithet</p><p>From the Latin simplicissimus (= very simple), referring to the simple phallus without cornutus in the male genitalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD7FB830DB3E0551FC50FAB7FEE1F985	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Wei-Chun;Liu, Dong	Li, Wei-Chun, Liu, Dong (2014): DNA barcoding and morphology reveal exceptional species diversity of Scoparia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the Hailuogou Glacier area, China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 732-752, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12154, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12154
FD7FB830DB350557FEC6F9CBFC12FDB3.text	FD7FB830DB350557FEC6F9CBFC12FDB3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoparia tribulosa Li & Liu 2014	<div><p>SCOPARIA TRIBULOSA LI SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 1–2, 3B, 4B, 7A–B)</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Very similar to Scoparia uncinata Li, Li &amp; Nuss, 2010 and S. longispina sp. nov. in the male genitalia capsule, but distinguished easily from the two species by the characters of cornuti: the new species with one spineshaped and two small thorn-shaped cornuti attached on a broad and short sclerotized plate in the phallus (Fig. 4B); in S. uncinata, the phallus only with a thin and long cornutus (Li, Li &amp; Nuss, 2010: 18, figs 17– 18); in S. longispina sp. nov., the cornuti composed of a long spine and a shorter spine (Fig. 4C). This species is also similar to Scoparia jiuzhaiensis Li, Li &amp; Nuss, 2010 in the whole impression of the female genitalia, but its signum and appendix bursae are well developed (Fig. 7A–B); in S. jiuzhaiensis, the signum and appendix bursae are absent (Fig. 8C).</p><p>Description</p><p>Adult (Fig. 3B): Forewing length 8.0–9.0 mm. Frons and vertex white mixed with pale brown. Patagium, thorax, and tegula pale brown mixed with white. Forewing suffused with blackish brown scales; antemedian line lined with dense black scales on outer side, slightly convex near middle, curved inwards near dorsum; antemedian stigmata stripe-like; distal discoidal stigma 8-shaped; postmedian line waved, meeting costa and dorsum perpendicularly; subterminal line distinctively concave at middle, convex near dorsum; fringe white, pale brown near base. Hindwing white; fringe white, mixed with pale brown near apex. Abdomen grey.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 4B): Uncus narrow at base, broadening towards middle, then tapering to blunted apex. Gnathos a bit shorter than uncus, pointed tip with small hook. Valva narrow at base, broadening towards rounded apex; costa with small process near base, conspicuously convex near middle. Sacculus gently concave at distal one-third of ventral margin. Juxta ovate. Phallus straight, about three-quarters as long as valva; one spine-shaped and two small thorn-shaped cornuti attached on a broad and short sclerotized plate.</p><p>Female genitalia (Fig. 7A, B): Papillae anales nearly as long as apophysis posterior. Tergite 8 about onethird as long as apophysis anterior. Antrum tubular, about half as long as colliculum, covered with dense granules. Colliculum convex laterally, much thicker than posterior part of ductus bursae. Ductus bursae thin and long. Corpus bursae ovate, covered with dense spines on left side; signum well-developed, composed of small thorns of various size; appendix bursae ovate.</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Male: China, Sichuan, Hailuogou Glacier, near no. 1 glacier, ∼ 3000 m a.s.l., 18 August 2012, W. Li and L. Huang leg., prep. gen. no. LW12027, DNA no. L13064 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>Fourteen males and forty-nine females, same locality as the holotype except dated 15–18 August 2012, prep. gen. nos LW12016, LW12039, LW12041, LW12052, LW13004, and LW13020, and DNA nos L13065, L13066, L13067, L13068, L13069, and L13070 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Etymology of specific epithet</p><p>From the Latin tribulosus (= tricuspid), referring to the cornuti that is tricuspid distally in the male genitalia.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The female genitalia of this species varied in the characters of colliculum and corpus bursae: the colliculum of most specimens is conspicuously convex near the middle, the corpus bursae is covered with dense tiny spines on the left half, and bears a stripe-like signum on right area (Fig. 7A), but individual differences were shown by the colliculum slightly convex near anterior tip, the bursae covered with bigger spines on the left one-third, and the signum nearly ovate (Fig. 7B). The different characters can be confirmed to intraspecific variability based on the results of phylogenetic analysis, three COI sequences (DNA nos. L13067, L13068, and L13069) of the common female specimens and one COI sequence (DNA no. L13070) of the individual female specimen were represented by a well-supported cluster (Figs 1 and 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD7FB830DB350557FEC6F9CBFC12FDB3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Wei-Chun;Liu, Dong	Li, Wei-Chun, Liu, Dong (2014): DNA barcoding and morphology reveal exceptional species diversity of Scoparia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the Hailuogou Glacier area, China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 732-752, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12154, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12154
FD7FB830DB330556FC75FDF7FDA6FD36.text	FD7FB830DB330556FC75FDF7FDA6FD36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoparia longispina Li & Liu 2014	<div><p>SCOPARIA LONGISPINA LI SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 1–2, 3C, 4C)</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>See the diagnosis of S. tribulosa .</p><p>Description</p><p>Adult (Fig. 3C): Forewing length 7.0– 7.5 mm. Frons and vertex white mixed with pale brown. Patagium and tegula pale brown. Thorax white mixed with grey. Forewing suffused with sparse blackish brown scales; antemedian line lined with dense black scales on outer side, slightly oblique outwards; antemedian stigmata stripe-like; distal discoidal stigma 8-shaped; postmedian line meeting costa and dorsum perpendicularly; subterminal line gently concave at middle; fringe white, pale brown near base. Hindwing white; fringe concolorous with forewing, except lighter below base. Abdomen pale brown.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 4C): Uncus narrow at base, broadening towards middle, then tapering to blunted apex. Gnathos slightly shorter than uncus, pointed apically. Valva narrow at base, broadening towards rounded apex; costa with small process near base, convex near twofifths. Sacculus gently concave at distal one-third of ventral margin. Juxta ovate, distal quarter narrowed towards blunted tip. Phallus straight, slightly shorter than valva; cornuti composed of two thin and long spines, shorter cornutus arising near base of long one.</p><p>Female: Unknown.</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Male: China, Sichuan, Hailuogou Glacier, near no. 1 glacier, ∼ 3000 m a.s.l., 15 August 2012, W. Li and L. Huang leg., prep. gen. no. LW12044, DNA no. L13071 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>Twelve males, same locality as the holotype except dated 14–16 August 2012, prep. gen. nos LW12045 and LW 12051, DNA nos L13072, L13073, and L13099 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Etymology of specific epithet</p><p>From the Latin longispinus (= long spine-shaped), referring to the cornuti that is long and spine-shaped in the male genitalia.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The male genitalia capsule of the new species is similar to S. uncinata and S. tribulosa sp. nov., but can be distinguished from them based on the characters given in the diagnosis of S. tribulosa sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD7FB830DB330556FC75FDF7FDA6FD36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Wei-Chun;Liu, Dong	Li, Wei-Chun, Liu, Dong (2014): DNA barcoding and morphology reveal exceptional species diversity of Scoparia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the Hailuogou Glacier area, China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 732-752, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12154, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12154
FD7FB830DB320556FEC3FD4FFA7FFDB1.text	FD7FB830DB320556FEC3FD4FFA7FFDB1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoparia gibbosa Li & Liu 2014	<div><p>SCOPARIA GIBBOSA LI SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 1–2, 3D, 7C)</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Unique by antrum conspicuously convex at posterior two-fifths in the female genitalia.</p><p>Description</p><p>Adult (Fig. 3D): Forewing length 8.0–9.0 mm. Frons and vertex white mixed with pale brown. Patagium and tegula pale brown. Thorax white mixed with pale brown. Forewing suffused with sparse blackish brown scales; antemedian line lined with dense black scales on outer side, distinctively convex near middle, curved inwards near dorsum; antemedian stigmata ovate; distal discoidal stigma X-shaped; postmedian line waved, meeting costa and dorsum perpendicularly; subterminal line concave at middle, angled outwards near dorsum; fringe white mixed with grey, pale brown near base. Hindwing white; fringe white, mixed with grey near base. Abdomen grey.</p><p>Female genitalia (Fig. 7C): Papillae anales nearly as long as apophysis posterior. Tergite 8 about half as long as apophysis anterior. Antrum conspicuously convex at posterior two-fifths; posterior margin concave, then broadening towards posterior two-fifths, remaining narrowed. Ductus bursae nearly straight, broadening near corpus bursae. Corpus bursae ovate, left two-fifths longitudinal area with dense tiny spines, right one-fifth longitudinal area covered with dense granules; signum stripe-like; appendix bursae rounded.</p><p>Male: Unknown.</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Female: China, Sichuan, Hailuogou Glacier, near no. 1 glacier, ∼ 3000 m a.s.l., 15 August 2012, W. Li and L. Huang leg., prep. gen. no. LW12009.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>Ten females, same locality as the holotype except dated 14–18 August 2012, prep. gen. no. LW12092, DNA nos L13046, L13048, L13049, L13050, L13051, L13106, and L13107 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Etymology of specific epithet</p><p>From the Latin gibbosus (= convex), referring to the conspicuously convex antrum in the female genitalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD7FB830DB320556FEC3FD4FFA7FFDB1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Wei-Chun;Liu, Dong	Li, Wei-Chun, Liu, Dong (2014): DNA barcoding and morphology reveal exceptional species diversity of Scoparia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the Hailuogou Glacier area, China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 732-752, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12154, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12154
FD7FB830DB320549FCB8FDF5FC7AFE0C.text	FD7FB830DB320549FCB8FDF5FC7AFE0C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoparia metaleucalis Hampson 1907	<div><p>SCOPARIA METALEUCALIS HAMPSON, 1907</p><p>(FIGS 1– 2, 3E, 5A–B, 8A–B)</p><p>Scoparia metaleucalis Hampson, 1907: 23; Li, Li &amp; Nuss, 2010: 8, figs 5 (misidentified), 13, 23 (misidentified). Type locality: Sichuan Province, China.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Unique by narrow valva, conspicuously convex sacculus ventrobasally, and juxta covered with granules medially and spines laterally in the male genitalia.</p><p>Description</p><p>Adult (Fig. 3E): Forewing length 7.0– 8.5 mm. Frons and vertex white mixed with grey. Patagium, tegula, and thorax pale brown mixed with white. Forewing suffused with blackish brown scales; antemedian line convex near middle; antemedian stigmata stripe-like; distal discoidal stigma 8-shaped; postmedian line waved, meeting costa and dorsum perpendicularly; subterminal line concave at middle; fringe white, pale brown near base. Hindwing white; fringe concolorous with forewing. Abdomen pale brown.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 5A, B): Uncus ovate. Gnathos slender, a bit longer than uncus, armed with tiny dentations. Valva narrow; costa gently convex; apex rounded. Sacculus conspicuously convex ventrobasally and concave ventrodistally; free distal process at about threequarters of valva. Juxta ovate, posteriorly with granules near middle and small spines at lateral sides. Phallus curved slightly, a bit shorter than valva, attached with a piece of membrane covered with dense tiny spines near tip; phallus with two groups of cornuti – one group consisting of many spines arranged in a row, the other group consisting of several spines arranged in a cluster.</p><p>Female genitalia (Fig. 8A, B): Papillae anales slightly shorter than apophysis posterior. Tergite 8 about two-fifths as long as apophysis anterior. Antrum broad and short, covered with dense tiny spines, posterior margin about three times as wide as middle of ductus bursae, narrowing towards colliculum. Colliculum sclerotized strongly, posterior half with semicircular protuberance. Ductus bursae long and thin. Corpus bursae ovate, covered with dense tiny spines on left area, armed with dense granules on right area; signum and appendix bursae present.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Eleven males and twenty-six females, China, Sichuan, Hailuogou Glacier, near no. 1 glacier, ∼ 3000 m a.s.l., 14–18 August 2012, W. Li and L. Huang leg., prep. gen. nos LW12049, LW12074, LW12076, LW12077, LW12088, LW12091, LW13005, LW13006, LW13007, LW13009, LW13044, and LW13047, DNA nos L 13084, L 13085, L 13086, L 13087, L 13088, L 13089, and L 13090 (Figs 1 and 2) .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The species is varied in the genitalia: the male genitalia of some individuals with the juxta incised on posterior margin, the phallus distally with many strong cornuti arranged in a cluster and a straight row, respectively (Fig. 5A); in contrast, the juxta of some specimens is convex distally, with the tip of phallus only with several cornuti arranged in a cluster and the second group of cornuti much smaller and arranged in a C-shape (Fig. 5B). In the female genitalia, the corpus bursae of some specimens densely covered with tiny spines on left two-thirds of area and granules on right one-third of area, bearing a granular and spinous signum and an ovate appendix bursae (Fig. 8A); in some individuals, the spines covered on the left half of corpus bursae are relatively big, but the signum is strikelike and inconspicuous, the appendix bursae is thumbshaped and much smaller (Fig. 8B). The differing characters above were confirmed as representing intraspecific character variability after sequencing the DNA barcode of seven specimens, the COI sequences of which (DNA nos LW13084, LW13085, LW13086, LW13087, LW13088, LW13089, and LW13090) were represented by a wellsupported cluster (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Furthermore, the association of males and females of S. metaleucalis was established clearly based on the phylogenetic results of the male and female COI sequences (Figs 1 and 2). But the female herein is conspicuously different from the prior description (Li, Li &amp; Nuss, 2010: 8, figs 5, 23) by the following characters: the forewing with an 8-shaped distal discoidal stigma and a waved postmedian line; the female genitalia with a straight colliculum armed by a protuberance at posterior half, and the appendix bursae is much smaller than the corpus bursae. In the previous description, the discoidal stigma was X-shaped and the postmedian line was not waved; the colliculum was curved at anterior one-third, anteriorly with a protuberance, and the appendix bursae was a little smaller than the corpus bursae. The prior description is demonstrated to be erroneous based on the integration of DNA barcoding and morphological approaches, and the female of S. metaleucalis is described for the first time herein.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD7FB830DB320549FCB8FDF5FC7AFE0C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Wei-Chun;Liu, Dong	Li, Wei-Chun, Liu, Dong (2014): DNA barcoding and morphology reveal exceptional species diversity of Scoparia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the Hailuogou Glacier area, China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 732-752, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12154, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12154
FD7FB830DB2D0549FCBFFE2EFB77FACF.text	FD7FB830DB2D0549FCBFFE2EFB77FACF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoparia jiuzhaiensis Li, Li & Nuss 2010	<div><p>SCOPARIA JIUZHAIENSIS LI, LI &amp; NUSS, 2010</p><p>(FIGS 1–2, 3F, 8C)</p><p>Scoparia jiuzhaiensis Li, Li &amp; Nuss, 2010, Zootaxa 2609: 16, figs 8, 16, 26. Type locality: Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan, China.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>See the diagnosis of S. tribulosa sp. nov. and the diagnosis of this species given by Li, Li &amp; Nuss (2010: 16).</p><p>Description</p><p>Forewing length 8.5–10.5 mm. Li, Li &amp; Nuss (2010) have described this species in detail.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Eleven females, China, Sichuan, Hailuogou Glacier, near no. 1 glacier, ∼ 3000 m a.s.l., 14–18 August 2012, W. Li and L. Huang leg., prep. gen. no. LW12036, DNA nos L 13077, L 13078, and L 13079 (Figs 1 and 2) .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This species is similar to S. tribulosa and S. iwasakii in the female and male genitalia, respectively, but can be distinguished from them based on the characters given in the diagnosis of S. tribulosa sp. nov. and the diagnosis of S. jiuzhaiensis that have already been given by Li, Li &amp; Nuss (2010: 16).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD7FB830DB2D0549FCBFFE2EFB77FACF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Wei-Chun;Liu, Dong	Li, Wei-Chun, Liu, Dong (2014): DNA barcoding and morphology reveal exceptional species diversity of Scoparia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the Hailuogou Glacier area, China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 732-752, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12154, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12154
FD7FB830DB2D0548FCA8FAEBFEA2FEE9.text	FD7FB830DB2D0548FCA8FAEBFEA2FEE9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoparia brevituba Li, Li & Nuss 2010	<div><p>SCOPARIA BREVITUBA LI, LI &amp; NUSS, 2010</p><p>(FIGS 1–2, 3G, 9A)</p><p>Scoparia brevituba Li, Li &amp; Nuss, 2010, Zootaxa 2609: 21, figs 10, 19, 28. Type locality: Wolong, Sichuan, China.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Unique by thick and short ductus bursae in the female genitalia and strongly thorn-shaped cornuti in male genitalia.</p><p>Description</p><p>Forewing length 8.0–10.0 mm. Li, Li &amp; Nuss (2010) have already described this species in detail.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Twenty-seven females, China, Sichuan, Hailuogou Glacier, near no. 1 glacier, ∼ 3000 m a.s.l., 14–18 August 2012, W. Li and L. Huang leg., prep. gen. nos LW12032, LW12067, and LW13016, DNA nos L13038, L13039, L13074, L13075, and L13076 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD7FB830DB2D0548FCA8FAEBFEA2FEE9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Wei-Chun;Liu, Dong	Li, Wei-Chun, Liu, Dong (2014): DNA barcoding and morphology reveal exceptional species diversity of Scoparia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the Hailuogou Glacier area, China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 732-752, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12154, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12154
FD7FB830DB2C0548FEDFFE3CFA81FC99.text	FD7FB830DB2C0548FEDFFE3CFA81FC99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoparia globosa Li & Liu 2014	<div><p>SCOPARIA GLOBOSA LI SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 1–2, 3H, 6A, 9B)</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Very similar to S. annulata sp. nov. in the wing pattern, but distinguished easily from S. annulata sp. nov. by characters of the genitalia: the cornuti of this species consisting of many small thorns and two spines in the male genitalia, anterior half of ductus bursae swollen to large, ball-shaped structure in the female genitalia; in S. annulata sp. nov., the cornuti composed of spines only, the ductus bursae looped before the colliculum and forming a small annular structure.</p><p>Description</p><p>Adult (Fig. 3H): Forewing length 6.5–8.5 mm. Frons and vertex pale brown mixed with white. Patagium, thorax and tegula pale brown. Forewing suffused with blackish brown scales; antemedian line sligltly convex; antemedian stigmata and distal discoidal stigma black, tinged ochreous on inner side, ovate and 8-shaped, respectively; postmedian line meeting costa and dorsum perpendicularly, curving out at about costal onethrid, dorsal about two-thirds parallel with termen; subterminal line absent near middle, dentated outwards near dorsum; fringe white, pale brown near base. Hindwing white, suffused with pale brown along veins and apex; fringe concolorous with forewing, except lighter below base. Abdomen pale brown.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 6A): Uncus broad basally, narrowing towards blunted tip. Gnathos slender, one-quarter longer than uncus. Valva narrow near base, slightly broadening towards rounded apex; costa with small process near base, convex near middle. Sacculus convex ventrobasally and concave ventrodistally; free distal process at about two-thirds of valva. Juxta ovate. Phallus straight, slightly longer than valva; cornuti composed of many small thorns of various size and two spines.</p><p>Female genitalia (Fig. 9B): Papillae anales threequarters as long as apophysis posterior. Tergite 8 about one-quarter as long as apophysis anterior. Antrum funnel shaped, covered with dense granules. Ductus bursae with posterior half tubular, anterior half swollen to large ball, much bigger than corpus bursae. Corpus bursae rounded, covered with dense tiny spines; signum small and stripe-like; appendix bursae ovate.</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Male: China, Sichuan, Hailuogou Glacier, near no. 1 glacier, ∼ 3000 m a.s.l., 15 August 2012, W. Li and L. Huang leg., prep. gen. no. LW12007, DNA no. L13040 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>Three males and five females, same locality as the holotype except dated 14–18 August 2012, prep. gen. nos LW12025, LW12038, LW12050, and LW12068, DNA nos LW13041, L13043, and L13045 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Etymology of specific epithet</p><p>From the Latin globosus (= ball-shaped), referring to anterior half of the ductus bursae distinctively swollen to a ball-shaped structure in the female genitalia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD7FB830DB2C0548FEDFFE3CFA81FC99	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Wei-Chun;Liu, Dong	Li, Wei-Chun, Liu, Dong (2014): DNA barcoding and morphology reveal exceptional species diversity of Scoparia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the Hailuogou Glacier area, China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 732-752, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12154, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12154
FD7FB830DB2C054BFC4FFCACFED1FAF9.text	FD7FB830DB2C054BFC4FFCACFED1FAF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Scoparia annulata Li & Liu 2014	<div><p>SCOPARIA ANNULATA LI SP. NOV.</p><p>(FIGS 1–2, 3I, 6B–C, 9C)</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>See the diagnosis of S. globosa sp. nov.</p><p>Description</p><p>Adult (Fig. 3I): Forewing length 7.0– 8.5 mm. Frons and vertex pale brown mixed with white. Patagium, thorax, and tegula pale brown. Forewing suffused with blackish brown scales; antemedian line slightly oblique outwards; antemedian stigmata and distal discoidal stigma black, tinged with ochreous on inner side, ovate and 8-shaped, respectively; postmedian line meeting costa perpendicularly, angled outwards at about costal twofifths, dorsal about three-fifths parallel with termen; subterminal line curved inwards at middle; fringe grayish white, pale brown near base. Hindwing white, suffused pale brown near apex and termen; fringe concolorous with forewing. Abdomen pale brown.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 6B, C): Uncus convex at middle, slightly concave near distal tip; distal half narrowed towards pointed apex. Gnathos slightly longer than uncus, tapering to hooked tip. Valva slightly narrow near base, broadening towards rounded apex; costa gently convex at about one-third. Sacculus slightly convex ventrobasally and concave ventrodistally. Juxta ovate, more or less concave near middle, distal onequarter narrowed towards blunted tip. Phallus nearly as long as valva; cornuti consisting of 8–14 small spines of different size.</p><p>Female genitalia (Fig. 9C): Papillae anales about twothirds as long as apophysis posterior. Tergite 8 about half as long as apophysis anterior. Antrum tubular, covered with dense granules. Colliculum concave and sclerotized anteriorly. Ductus bursae looped and forming small annular structure anterior to colliculum. Corpus bursae rounded, covered with dense tiny spines; signum stripe-like; appendix bursae small and rounded.</p><p>Holotype</p><p>Male: China, Sichuan, Hailuogou Glacier, near no. 1 glacier, ∼ 3000 m a.s.l., 14 August 2012, W. Li and L. Huang leg., prep. gen. no. LW12014.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>Seventeen males and nineteen females, same locality as the holotype except dated 14–18 August 2012, prep. gen. nos LW12022, LW12026, LW12033, LW12047, LW12048, and LW12053, DNA nos L13052, L13053, L13054, L13055, L13056, and L13057 (Figs 1 and 2).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Etymology of specific epithet</p><p>From the Latin annulatus (= annular), referring to the ductus bursae looped before the colliculum and forming an annular structure in the female genitalia.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The male genitalia of the new species varied in the phallus and cornuti: the phallus of some specimens with similar diameter and bearing a single group of cornuti (Fig. 6B); in contrast, the phallus of some individuals thin basally, then distinctively thickening towards distal tip, and cornuti including a second group composed of a thin and long spine (Fig. 6C). According to the wellsupported cluster (DNA nos LW13052, LW13053, LW13054, LW13055, LW13056, and LW13057) of phylogenetic results (Figs 1 and 2), the varied characters were demonstrated to intraspecific character variability.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD7FB830DB2C054BFC4FFCACFED1FAF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Wei-Chun;Liu, Dong	Li, Wei-Chun, Liu, Dong (2014): DNA barcoding and morphology reveal exceptional species diversity of Scoparia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the Hailuogou Glacier area, China. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (4): 732-752, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12154, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12154
