taxonID	type	description	language	source
FC004324FFDEFFF4FE45F9CBFECBFE10.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Small, cleptoparasitic halictine bees with generally fine punctation and sparse setation; head, mesosoma, legs, and metasoma usually with extensive areas of yellow, orange, testaceous, or ferruginous coloration. Head broad; clypeus 2.8 – 4.5 times wider than long, sometimes with faint longitudinal depression. Mandible simple (i. e., without subapical teeth). Labrum with transverse basal elevation, distal process broadly rounded. Hypostomal bridge sclerotized anterior to anterior angles of hypostomal carinae. Compound eyes generally bare or with sparse, scarcely visible setae, rarely with more elongate setae (more elongate setae are presently known only in M. trichommus). Preoccipital area rounded or weakly carinate. Pronotum with horizontal surface poorly defined and narrow medially, rounded medially onto anterior surface; lateral angle angulate, anterior ridge prior to angle carinate or rounded, dorsal ridge rounded, lateral ridge scarcely developed, typically rounded or faintly carinate bordering dorsolateral angle. Anterior border of mesoscutum gently convex, no strongly convex or vertical surface. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum polished, finely punctate; mesoscutellum not biconvex; propodeum irregularly reticulate-rugose posteriorly; basal area of propodeum slightly shorter to slightly longer than mesoscutellum, semilunar. Legs slender. Forewing with pterostigma enlarged, convex; marginal cell long, apex acute, free part of marginal cell nearly three times as long as part bordering submarginal cells; submarginal cells do not or scarcely extend beyond apex of pterostigma; second and third submarginal cells, when present, each receiving a rs-m crossvein (M. xaymacensis Engel has only two submarginal cells). Metasoma polished; first metasomal tergum longer than broad, with no or scarcely any constriction between first and second terga. ♀: Female without scopa; metabasitibial plate completely absent; metatibia without spine-like setae or pegs; inner metatibial spur simple. Pygidial plate narrow, apically rounded, parallel-sided or nearly so, marginal carina scarcely extending onto tergal disc. ♂: Male antenna short, resembling that of female. Metabasitarsus not fused to second metatarsomere. Pygidial plate well defined, broadly or narrowly rounded or subtruncate. Sterna IV – VI with graduli absent or defined only basally, not extending over half distance to margin. Gonobase large; gonocoxae without striations; convex, seta-bearing, ventral gonostylar process short relative to Sphecodes, surpassed by expanded dorsal gonostylar process; penis valve slender, with sharp dorsal crest, without ventral prong.	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFDEFFF4FE45F9CBFECBFE10.taxon	discussion	COMMENTS: Microsphecodes is most similar to Nesosphecodes, both sharing a fine punctation on the head and mesosoma (coarse and closely packed punctation in Sphecodes), shortened submarginal cells, very broad clypeus (even more so in Nesosphecodes), absence of vertical pronotal lateral ridge or carina, and absence of a defined mesoscutal anterior vertical surface. The genus differs from Nesosphecodes by the extensive yellow, orange, or testaceous areas of integument (entirely black in Nesosphecodes), the less broad clypeus (broader in Nesosphecodes: vide metrics in Engel, 2006 a), shorter mandibles (mandibles longer than the compound eyes in Nesosphecodes, at most about as long as compound eye in M. xaymacensis), the longer subantennal sulci (length only about as long as antennal torular diameter in Nesosphecodes), and larger body size (7.8 – 9.2 mm in length among species of Nesosphecodes vs. 3.5 – 6 mm in Microsphecodes).	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFDCFFF4FE68FCEBFEC1FB53.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Basal area of propodeum striate-foveolate, typically with areolae bordering midline enlarged, posteriorly delimited by distinct, strong carina. Mesosomal and metasomal pubscence generally sparse but setae of pleura fine and numerous. INCLUDED SPECIES: Aside from the type species, M. kathleenae, the subgenus includes M. russeiclypeatus (Sakagami & Moure), M. trichommus, M. truncaticaudus, and M. stenochorus n. sp. (Sakagami & Moure, 1962; Eickwort & Stage, 1972; Michener, 1979) (Table 1).	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFDBFFF0FEEDFD8BFDDEFE73.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 – 6)	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFDBFFF0FEEDFD8BFDDEFE73.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: The new species is most similar to M. russeiclypeatus and M. kathleenae in terms of overall coloration but differs from them both in the color of the mesoscutum, by the smaller areolae on other side of the midline on the dorsal-facing surface of the propodeum, and the narrower clypeus (2.8 times as wide as medial length in the new species, 3.5 – 4.5 times as wide as medial length in M. kathleenae and M. russeiclypeatus). In M. stenochorus these areolae are similar in size, particularly width, to the bordering areolae demarcated by the radiating striae, while in the aforementioned species the areolae bordering the midline are greatly enlarged relative to the others. In addition, the mesoscutum of M. stenochorus has thin orange-red lateral margins and large, distinctive areas of orange-red medioanteriorly and medioposteriorly, giving the black portion of the surface the appearance of a thickened H-shape.	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFDBFFF0FEEDFD8BFDDEFE73.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION: ♀: Total body length 5.30 mm; forewing length 4.0 mm. Head broader than long (width 1.41 mm, length 1.27 mm as measured from clypeal apex to vertex in facial view). Mandible elongate, without subapical tooth, slightly shorter than compound eye length. Clypeus 2.8 times broader than long (width 0.75 mm, medial length 0.17 mm). Frontal line carinate from lower tangent of antennal toruli to point above upper tangent of toruli equivalent to 2.5 times torulus diameter. Upper interorbital distance 0.89 mm; lower interorbital distance 0.78 mm; inner margin of compound eye slightly concave just above level of antennal toruli. Gena only slightly narrower than compound eye in profile. Intertegular distance 0.84 mm. Inner metatibial spur simple. Forewing venation as in figure 6; hind wing with five distal hamuli arranged in a single series. Integument generally shining. Clypeus smooth with shallow, coarse punctures separated by less than a puncture width; supraclypeal area smooth with small punctures separated by 0.5 – 2 times a puncture width; remainder of head smooth and distinctly punctate, punctures separated by less than a puncture width, becoming slightly more widely spaced in ocellocular area, punctures sparser around ocelli and on vertex; gena smooth with punctures separated by 1 – 2 times a puncture width; postgena imbricate and impunctate. Pronotum smooth with shallow, faint punctures separated by less than a puncture width. Mesoscutum smooth with punctures separated by a puncture width or a little less anteriorly, separated by less than a puncture width lateral to parapsidal lines and along posterior margin, and sparse over disc, separated by 2 – 5 times a puncture width; tegula impunctate and exceedingly faintly imbricate; mesoscutellum smooth and almost impunctate over disc, small punctures separated by less than a puncture width along extreme lateral and posterior borders; metanotum smooth with shallow punctures separated by a puncture width or less. Pleura smooth with shallow, coarse punctures separated by less than a puncture width. Basal area of propodeum striate-foveolate, strong striae radiating from basal margin and defining distinct areolae (Fig. 3), areolae bordering midline not greatly enlarged relative to neighboring areolae, posteriorly delimited by a strong carina (Fig. 3), integument between striae smooth and shining; lateral and posterior surfaces of propodeum smooth with irregular rugae (Fig. 4). Metasomal terga smooth, virtually impunctate except sparse (Fig. 4), faint, minute punctures associated with base of setae in basal halves of more apical terga; first and second sternum smooth, remaining sterna very faintly imbricate. Mandible orange, with reddish apex; labiomaxillary complex dark brown except palpi and glossa yellow; clypeus orange-red (Fig. 2); supraclypeal area black with small faint reddish spot medially at peak; remainder of head black; scape orange-red; pedicel and first flagellomere reddish brown, remainder of flagellum dark brown (Figs. 1, 2). Mesosoma largely ferruginous (Figs. 1, 3 – 5) except with black patches on upper mesepisternum, lower and ventral mesepisternum (Fig. 5), and mesoscutum except laterally, medioanteriorly, and medioposteriorly orange-red, forming a thickened H-shape (Figs. 1, 2). Wing veins dark brown; wing membrane hyaline (Fig. 6). Legs orange-red. First metasomal tergum orange-red, basal and lateral portions of second tergum orange-red, remaining terga dark brown (Fig. 4); first sternum orange-red; second sternum reddish brown; remaining sterna dark brown. Pubescence relatively sparse and fine (Figs. 1, 5), generally white except somewhat yellow on face, pro- and mesotibiae, pro- and mesotarsi, and metasoma. Setae generally simple and erect, some with minute branches; face with moderately-dense, appressed, short, plumose setae on lower face (Fig. 2); preëpisternum and anterior mesepisternum with moderately-dense whitish, plumose setae (Fig. 5). ♂: Unknown.	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFDBFFF0FEEDFD8BFDDEFE73.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: ♀, Peru, UC [Ucayali], Coronel Portillo, Calleria, Abujao, 08 º 19 ’ 34.32 ’’ S / 73 º 39 ’ 58.7 ’’ W, 195 m, 23 – 25. iv. 2013 [23 – 25 April 2013], L. Sulca (MUSM).	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFDBFFF0FEEDFD8BFDDEFE73.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is a combination of the Greek words stenos (meaning, “ narrow ”) and chora (meaning, “ room ”), and is a reference to the areolae on the dorsal-facing surface of propodeum.	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFD8FFF0FE4AFE0BFBF6FCB3.taxon	description	ZooBank: urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 4 FA 5614 - EEEC- 4 E 51 - A 1 B 0 - 14 ED 22 FCA 95 B	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFD8FFF0FE4AFE0BFBF6FCB3.taxon	type_taxon	TYPE SPECIES: Sphecodes (Microsphecodes) dominicanus Stage in Eickwort & Stage, 1972.	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFD8FFF0FE4AFE0BFBF6FCB3.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Basal area of propodeum rugoso-striate, not delimited posteriorly by carina, posterior border rounded. Mesosomal and metasomal pubscence generally sparse, particularly on pleura.	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
FC004324FFD8FFF0FE4AFE0BFBF6FCB3.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The new genus-group name is a combination of baios (Greek, meaning “ scanty ”, in reference to the sparser pubescence of these species relative to Microsphecodes s. str.) and Sphecodes, type genus of the Sphecodina. The name is masculine.	en	Engel, Michael S. (2013): A new species of Microsphecodes from Peru, with notes on the classification of the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of Melittology 2013 (24): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642, URL: https://doi.org/10.17161/jom.v0i24.4642
