Key to the Japanese species of Epiphragma

1 Wing marking on outer end of cell d solid, without subhyaline areas, center of cell d broadly subhyaline (Figs 17, 31). .................................................................... 2

– Wing markings on inner and outer ends of cell d with subhyaline areas, center of cell d with brownish marking (Figs 2, 9, 24, 38). ................................................... 3

2 Each femur usually with two bands distally; mediotergite without V-shaped lighter area; male genitalia with interbase slender, bearing several teeth near tip (Fig. 33); female ovipositor with sternite 8 bearing linear apodeme on its entire length (Fig. 34). ........................... ..................................... E. subinsigne Alexander, 1920

– Each femur with one brown band near tip; mediotergite with V-shaped lighter area; male genitalia with interbase somewhat stout, curved medially and flattened near tip (Fig. 19); female ovipositor with sternite 8 bearing linear apodeme on posterior half (Fig. 20). ..... ................................................ E. kempi Brunetti, 1913

3 Each femur usually with two bands distally; male genitalia with interbase stout on base, rod shorter than base (Fig. 11); female ovipositor with furca slender Y-shaped (Fig. 13). ............. E. gracilistylus Alexander, 1933

– Each femur with one brown band near tip; male genitalia and female ovipositor not as above. ..................... 4

4 Femoral band at tip or almost so; wing markings distinctly outlined with darker margins (Fig. 24); halter entirely light yellow; male genitalia with interbase long and straight (Fig. 26), extending beyond tip of aedeagus (Fig. 25); female ovipositor with sternite 8 bearing linear apodeme in whole length (Fig. 27). ..................... ............................... E. subfascipenne Alexander, 1920

– Femoral band subapical; wing markings bordered with darker margins on anterior half of wing or without darker margins (Figs 2, 38); halter darkened at base of knob; male genitalia with interbase not as above. ...... 5

5 Circular marking enclosing base of Rs with distinct marking inside, cell d with three subhyaline spots (Fig. 38); male genitalia with interbase S-curved (Fig. 40); female ovipositor with furca strongly widened and membranous on anterior part (Fig. 42). ......................... ................................. E. trichomerum Alexander, 1955

– Circular marking enclosing base of Rs with narrow seam inside, restricted at base of Rs, cell d with two subhyaline spots (Fig. 2); male genitalia with interbase L-shaped (Fig. 4); female ovipositor with furca narrowed and sclerotized on anterior part (Fig. 6). ............ .................................................. E. amamiense sp. nov.