Key to Paraparatrechina workers in the Afrotropical and Malagasy Regions

1. Eyes small relative to head length (REL ≤ 16)............................................................................................................. 2

- Eyes medium to large relative to head length (REL ≥ 17) ........................................................................................... 5

2. Eyes consisting of less than 10 facets; polymorphic, with clearly expressed major caste; West Africa ...................... 3

- Eyes consisting of more than 10 facets; monomorphic; Madagascar ........................................................................... 4

3. Head, scapes, and legs with numerous erect setae............................................................................................ bufonus

- Head with only sparsely scattered erect setae; scapes and legs without erect setae............................................. weissi

4. Scape with decumbent pubescence; scapes surpass posterior margin by approximately length of the first 3–4 funicu- lar segments .......................................................................................................................................................... myops

- Scape with appressed pubescence; scapes surpass posterior margin by approximately length of the first 2–3 funicular segments......................................................................................................................................................... ocellatula

5. Mesosoma elongate in lateral view, with pronotum gently rising towards mesonotum............................................... 6

- Mesosoma compact in lateral view, with pronotum steeply rising towards mesonotum ............................................. 8

6. Propodeum with a short, angular dorsal face, and a long declivitous face; scape length <0.6 mm; Madagascar .......... ............................................................................................................................................................................. glabra

- Propodeum with rounded dorsal face, not conspicuously longer than declivitous face; scape length> 0.6 mm; East & West Africa ................................................................................................................................................................... 7

7. Scape length> 0.72 mm; tibiae same brown color as mesosoma; protrochanter brown as in mesosoma, but meso/ metatrochanters may be lighter brown; mandibles and antennae typically same brown color as head ......... splendida

- Scape length <0.72 mm; tibiae whitish to brownish-yellow; all trochanters white; mandibles and antennae yellow- ish-brown, contrasting with brown head...................................................................................................... concinnata

8. Yellow to brownish-yellow species, although may possess a conspicuously darker gaster that is brown in color......9

- Brown to dark brown species with the gaster the same color as the head and mesosoma ......................................... 12

9. Gaster brown, conspicuously contrasting with yellow head and mesosoma............................................... umbranatis

- Gaster brownish-yellow to yellow, not conspicuously contrasting with head and mesosoma ................................... 10

10. Smaller species (HL & SL <0.4 mm) ................................................................................................................ gnoma

- Larger species (HL & SL> 0.4 mm) .........................................................................................................................11

11. Head and scapes with decumbent pubescence; REL ≤ 22................................................................................ subtilis

- Head and scapes with appressed pubescence; REL ≥ 23..................................................................................... oreias

12. Mesosomal dorsum (primarily pronotum and mesonotum) much lighter (almost white in some specimens) than remainder of mesosoma, head and gaster; white colored pubescence covering body ...................................... albipes

- Mesosomal dorsum not much lighter than remainder of mesosoma, head and gaster; golden colored pubescence cov- ering body ...................................................................................................................................................... brunnella